The subject article (Nelson and Mayo 2014) presents an overview of previous reports of interbasin flow in the Great Basin of the western United States. This Comment is presented by authors of a cited study (comprising chapters in one large report) on the Great Basin carbonate and alluvial aquifer system (GBCAAS; Heilweil and Brooks 2011; Masbruch et al. 2011; Sweetkind et al. 2011a, b), who agree that water budget imbalances alone are not enough to accurately quantify interbasin flow; however, it is proposed that statements made in the subject article about the GBCAAS report are inaccurate. The Comment authors appreciate the opportunity to clarify some statements made about the work.
","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-014-1208-z","usgsCitation":"Masbruch, M.D., Brooks, L.E., Heilweil, V.M., and Sweetkind, D., 2015, Comment on “The role of interbasin groundwater transfers in geologically complex terranes, demonstrated by the Great Basin in the western United States”: report published in Hydrogeology Journal (2014) 22:807–828, by Stephen T. Nelson and Alan L. Mayo: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 23, no. 1, p. 209-210, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-014-1208-z.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"210","ipdsId":"IP-058108","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f877b9e4b0b7ea54521c22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masbruch, Melissa D. 0000-0001-6568-160X mmasbruch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6568-160X","contributorId":1902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masbruch","given":"Melissa","email":"mmasbruch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooks, Lynette E. 0000-0002-9074-0939 lebrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9074-0939","contributorId":2718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Lynette","email":"lebrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heilweil, Victor M. heilweil@usgs.gov","contributorId":837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilweil","given":"Victor","email":"heilweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S. dsweetkind@usgs.gov","contributorId":735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald S.","email":"dsweetkind@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70182467,"text":"70182467 - 2015 - Tree mortality predicted from drought-induced vascular damage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-23T12:46:12","indexId":"70182467","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tree mortality predicted from drought-induced vascular damage","docAbstract":"The projected responses of forest ecosystems to warming and drying associated with twenty-first-century climate change vary widely from resiliency to widespread tree mortality1, 2, 3. Current vegetation models lack the ability to account for mortality of overstorey trees during extreme drought owing to uncertainties in mechanisms and thresholds causing mortality4, 5. Here we assess the causes of tree mortality, using field measurements of branch hydraulic conductivity during ongoing mortality in Populus tremuloides in the southwestern United States and a detailed plant hydraulics model. We identify a lethal plant water stress threshold that corresponds with a loss of vascular transport capacity from air entry into the xylem. We then use this hydraulic-based threshold to simulate forest dieback during historical drought, and compare predictions against three independent mortality data sets. The hydraulic threshold predicted with 75% accuracy regional patterns of tree mortality as found in field plots and mortality maps derived from Landsat imagery. In a high-emissions scenario, climate models project that drought stress will exceed the observed mortality threshold in the southwestern United States by the 2050s. Our approach provides a powerful and tractable way of incorporating tree mortality into vegetation models to resolve uncertainty over the fate of forest ecosystems in a changing climate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/NGEO2400","usgsCitation":"Anderegg, W.R., Flint, A.L., Huang, C., Flint, L.E., Berry, J.A., Davis, F., Sperry, J.S., and Field, C.B., 2015, Tree mortality predicted from drought-induced vascular damage: Nature Geoscience, v. 8, p. 367-371, https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2400.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"371","ipdsId":"IP-059538","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336106,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b002c7e4b01ccd54fb27d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderegg, William R.L.","contributorId":147089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderegg","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.L.","affiliations":[{"id":16784,"text":"Princeton U.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":671207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":671208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huang, Cho-ying","contributorId":182348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Cho-ying","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":671206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Berry, Joseph A.","contributorId":182349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berry","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Davis, Frank W.","contributorId":127849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Frank W.","affiliations":[{"id":7168,"text":"UCSB","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":671211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sperry, John S.","contributorId":182350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sperry","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Field, Christopher B.","contributorId":182351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Field","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70174839,"text":"70174839 - 2015 - Point spread functions for earthquake source imaging: An interpretation based on seismic interferometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T14:03:58","indexId":"70174839","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Point spread functions for earthquake source imaging: An interpretation based on seismic interferometry","docAbstract":"Recently, various methods have been proposed and applied for earthquake source imaging, and theoretical relationships among the methods have been studied. In this study, we make a follow-up theoretical study to better understand the meanings of earthquake source imaging. For imaging problems, the point spread function (PSF) is used to describe the degree of blurring and degradation in an obtained image of a target object as a response of an imaging system. In this study, we formulate PSFs for earthquake source imaging. By calculating the PSFs, we find that waveform source inversion methods remove the effect of the PSF and are free from artifacts. However, the other source imaging methods are affected by the PSF and suffer from the effect of blurring and degradation due to the restricted distribution of receivers. Consequently, careful treatment of the effect is necessary when using the source imaging methods other than waveform inversions. Moreover, the PSF for source imaging is found to have a link with seismic interferometry with the help of the source-receiver reciprocity of Green’s functions. In particular, the PSF can be related to Green’s function for cases in which receivers are distributed so as to completely surround the sources. Furthermore, the PSF acts as a low-pass filter. Given these considerations, the PSF is quite useful for understanding the physical meaning of earthquake source imaging.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society","publisherLocation":"Oxford, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggv109","usgsCitation":"Nakahara, H., and Haney, M.M., 2015, Point spread functions for earthquake source imaging: An interpretation based on seismic interferometry: Geophysical Journal International, v. 202, no. 1, p. 54-61, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv109.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"61","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060985","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325375,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"202","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdb5e4b0f1bea0e0f8c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakahara, Hisashi","contributorId":27332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakahara","given":"Hisashi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haney, Matthew M. 0000-0003-3317-7884 mhaney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3317-7884","contributorId":172948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"Matthew","email":"mhaney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70177800,"text":"70177800 - 2015 - Use of dynamic occupancy models to assess the response of Darters (Teleostei: Percidae) to varying hydrothermal conditions in a southeastern United States tailwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-21T15:00:24","indexId":"70177800","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of dynamic occupancy models to assess the response of Darters (Teleostei: Percidae) to varying hydrothermal conditions in a southeastern United States tailwater","docAbstract":"During the past 100 years, most large rivers in North America have been altered for flood control, hydropower, navigation or water supply development. Although these activities clearly provide important human services, their associated environmental disturbances can profoundly affect stream-dwelling organisms. We used dynamic multi-species occupancy models combined with a trait-based approach to estimate the influence of site-level and species-level characteristics on patch dynamic rates for 15 darter species native to the Elk River, a large, flow-regulated Tennessee River tributary in Tennessee and Alabama. Dynamic occupancy modelling results indicated that for every 2.5 °C increase in stream temperature, darters were 3.94 times more likely to colonize previously unoccupied stream reaches. Additionally, large-bodied darter species were 3.72 times more likely to colonize stream reaches compared with small-bodied species, but crevice-spawning darter species were 5.24 times less likely to colonize previously unoccupied stream reaches. In contrast, darters were 2.21 times less likely to become locally extinct for every 2.5 °C increase in stream temperature, but high stream discharge conditions elevated the risk of local extinction. Lastly, the presence of populations in neighbouring upstream study reaches contributed to a lower risk of extinction, whereas the presence of populations in neighbouring downstream study reaches contributed to higher rates of colonization. Our study demonstrates the application of a trait-based approach combined with a metapopulation framework to assess the patch dynamics of darters in a regulated river. Results from our study will provide a baseline for evaluating the ecological consequences of alternative dam operations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.2766","usgsCitation":"Shea, C., Bettoli, P.W., Potoka, K., Saylor, C.F., and Shute, P.W., 2015, Use of dynamic occupancy models to assess the response of Darters (Teleostei: Percidae) to varying hydrothermal conditions in a southeastern United States tailwater: River Research and Applications, v. 31, no. 6, p. 676-691, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2766.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"676","endPage":"691","ipdsId":"IP-043451","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330325,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5810c6e9e4b0f497e797345b","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/rra.2766","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.2766","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Shea C. P., Bettoli P. W., Potoka K. M., Saylor C. F., Shute P. W.","journalName":"River Research and Applications","publicationDate":"5/13/2014","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shea, C.P.","contributorId":92885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shea","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bettoli, Phillip William pbettoli@usgs.gov","contributorId":1919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettoli","given":"Phillip","email":"pbettoli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Potoka, K. M.","contributorId":176185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Potoka","given":"K. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saylor, C. F.","contributorId":176186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saylor","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shute, P. 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At the broader scale, national datasets exist for a large number of geospatial features of land, water, and air that are needed to fully understand variation among these ecosystems. However, such datasets originate from different sources and have different spatial and temporal resolutions. By taking an open-science perspective and by combining site-based ecosystem datasets and national geospatial datasets, science gains the ability to ask important research questions related to grand environmental challenges that operate at broad scales. Documentation of such complicated database integration efforts, through peer-reviewed papers, is recommended to foster reproducibility and future use of the integrated database. Here, we describe the major steps, challenges, and considerations in building an integrated database of lake ecosystems, called LAGOS (LAke multi-scaled GeOSpatial and temporal database), that was developed at the sub-continental study extent of 17 US states (1,800,000 km2). LAGOS includes two modules: LAGOSGEO, with geospatial data on every lake with surface area larger than 4 ha in the study extent (~50,000 lakes), including climate, atmospheric deposition, land use/cover, hydrology, geology, and topography measured across a range of spatial and temporal extents; and LAGOSLIMNO, with lake water quality data compiled from ~100 individual datasets for a subset of lakes in the study extent (~10,000 lakes). Procedures for the integration of datasets included: creating a flexible database design; authoring and integrating metadata; documenting data provenance; quantifying spatial measures of geographic data; quality-controlling integrated and derived data; and extensively documenting the database. Our procedures make a large, complex, and integrated database reproducible and extensible, allowing users to ask new research questions with the existing database or through the addition of new data. The largest challenge of this task was the heterogeneity of the data, formats, and metadata. Many steps of data integration need manual input from experts in diverse fields, requiring close collaboration.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central","doi":"10.1186/s13742-015-0067-4","usgsCitation":"Soranno, P.A., Bissell, E., Cheruvelil, K.S., Christel, S.T., Collins, S.M., Fergus, C.E., Filstrup, C.T., Lapierre, J., Lotting, N.R., Oliver, S., Scott, C.E., Smith, N.J., Stopyak, S., Yuan, S., Bremigan, M.T., Downing, J., Gries, C., Henry, E.N., Skaff, N.K., Stanley, E.H., Stow, C., Tan, P., Wagner, T., and Webster, K.E., 2015, Building a multi-scaled geospatial temporal ecology database from disparate data sources: Fostering open science through data reuse: GigaScience, v. 4, no. 28, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13742-015-0067-4.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062339","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13742-015-0067-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.3388671875,\n 49.35375571830993\n ],\n [\n -94.7900390625,\n 36.421282443649496\n ],\n [\n -89.296875,\n 35.99578538642032\n ],\n [\n -88.330078125,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -87.3193359375,\n 37.64903402157866\n ],\n [\n -84.5947265625,\n 38.71980474264239\n ],\n [\n -82.6171875,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -80.6396484375,\n 39.707186656826565\n ],\n [\n -75.9375,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -74.8388671875,\n 38.8225909761771\n ],\n [\n -67.1044921875,\n 43.73935207915473\n ],\n [\n -66.357421875,\n 45.398449976304086\n ],\n [\n -68.15917968749999,\n 47.90161354142077\n ],\n [\n -77.7392578125,\n 45.85941212790755\n ],\n [\n -86.220703125,\n 49.410973199695846\n ],\n [\n -97.3388671875,\n 49.35375571830993\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"28","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913b1e4b07657d19fefae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soranno, Patricia A.","contributorId":172104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Soranno","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bissell, E.G.","contributorId":88823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bissell","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheruvelil, Kendra S.","contributorId":172029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheruvelil","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Christel, Samuel T.","contributorId":169272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christel","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Collins, Sarah M.","contributorId":172181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fergus, C. 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2015 - Spatial and temporal variability in growth of southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T12:50:02","indexId":"70173448","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal variability in growth of southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma)","docAbstract":"Delineation of stock structure is important for understanding the ecology and management of many fish populations, particularly those with wide-ranging distributions and high levels of harvest. Southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma) is a popular commercial and recreational species along the southeast Atlantic coast and Gulf of Mexico, USA. Recent studies have provided genetic and otolith morphology evidence that the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean stocks differ. Using age and growth data from four states (Texas, Alabama, South Carolina, and North Carolina) we expanded upon the traditional von Bertalanffy model in order to compare growth rates of putative geographic stocks of southern flounder. We improved the model fitting process by adding a hierarchical Bayesian framework to allow each parameter to vary spatially or temporally as a random effect, as well as log transforming the three model parameters (L∞, K, andt0). Multiple comparisons of parameters showed that growth rates varied (even within states) for females, but less for males. Growth rates were also consistent through time, when long-term data were available. Since within-basin populations are thought to be genetically well-mixed, our results suggest that consistent small-scale environmental conditions (i.e., within estuaries) likely drive growth rates and should be considered when developing broader scale management plans.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2015.03.009","usgsCitation":"Midway, S.R., Wagner, T., Arnott, S.A., Biondo, P., Martinez-Andrade, F., and Wadsworth, T.F., 2015, Spatial and temporal variability in growth of southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma): Fisheries Research, v. 167, p. 323-332, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2015.03.009.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"332","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057170","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323997,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"167","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913e7e4b07657d19ff26e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Midway, Stephen R.","contributorId":172159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Midway","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arnott, Stephen A.","contributorId":172168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnott","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Biondo, Patrick","contributorId":172169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biondo","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martinez-Andrade, Fernando","contributorId":172170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martinez-Andrade","given":"Fernando","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wadsworth, Thomas F.","contributorId":172171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wadsworth","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70186036,"text":"70186036 - 2015 - Rare Earths in 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-31T09:59:09","indexId":"70186036","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rare Earths in 2014","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Gambogi, J., 2015, Rare Earths in 2014: Mining Engineering, v. 67, no. 7, p. 31-31.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"31","ipdsId":"IP-066866","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338898,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338897,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://me.smenet.org/abstract.cfm?preview=1&articleID=6022&page=31"}],"volume":"67","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58df6ac3e4b02ff32c6aea4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gambogi, Joseph 0000-0002-5719-2280 jgambogi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5719-2280","contributorId":4424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gambogi","given":"Joseph","email":"jgambogi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":687430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70187146,"text":"70187146 - 2015 - Downscaling global land-use/land-cover projections for use in region-level state-and-transition simulation modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:26:23","indexId":"70187146","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3893,"text":"AIMS Environmental Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Downscaling global land-use/land-cover projections for use in region-level state-and-transition simulation modeling","docAbstract":"Global land-use/land-cover (LULC) change projections and historical datasets are typically available at coarse grid resolutions and are often incompatible with modeling applications at local to regional scales. The difficulty of downscaling and reapportioning global gridded LULC change projections to regional boundaries is a barrier to the use of these datasets in a state-and-transition simulation model (STSM) framework. Here we compare three downscaling techniques to transform gridded LULC transitions into spatial scales and thematic LULC classes appropriate for use in a regional STSM. For each downscaling approach, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) LULC projections, at the 0.5 × 0.5 cell resolution, were downscaled to seven Level III ecoregions in the Pacific Northwest, United States. RCP transition values at each cell were downscaled based on the proportional distribution between ecoregions of (1) cell area, (2) land-cover composition derived from remotely-sensed imagery, and (3) historic LULC transition values from a LULC history database. Resulting downscaled LULC transition values were aggregated according to their bounding ecoregion and “cross-walked” to relevant LULC classes. Ecoregion-level LULC transition values were applied in a STSM projecting LULC change between 2005 and 2100. While each downscaling methods had advantages and disadvantages, downscaling using the historical land-use history dataset consistently apportioned RCP LULC transitions in agreement with historical observations. Regardless of the downscaling method, some LULC projections remain improbable and require further investigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"AIMS Press","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2015.3.623","usgsCitation":"Sherba, J.T., Sleeter, B.M., Davis, A.W., and Parker, O.P., 2015, Downscaling global land-use/land-cover projections for use in region-level state-and-transition simulation modeling: AIMS Environmental Science, v. 2, no. 3, p. 623-647, https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.3.623.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"623","endPage":"647","ipdsId":"IP-063655","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471986,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.3.623","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340252,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59006064e4b0e85db3a5dde1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherba, Jason T. jsherba@usgs.gov","contributorId":5972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherba","given":"Jason","email":"jsherba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":692760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, Adam W. awdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":4982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Adam","email":"awdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":692762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parker, Owen P.","contributorId":147263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6785,"text":"USGS Contractor, Minerals & Environmental Resources Sci Ctr","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":692763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168390,"text":"70168390 - 2015 - Linking degradation status with ecosystem vulnerability to environmental change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T10:09:18","indexId":"70168390","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking degradation status with ecosystem vulnerability to environmental change","docAbstract":"Environmental change can cause regime shifts in ecosystems, potentially threatening ecosystem services. It is unclear if the degradation status of ecosystems correlates with their vulnerability to environmental change, and thus the risk of future regime shifts. We assessed resilience in acidified (degraded) and circumneutral (undegraded) lakes with long-term data (1988–2012), using time series modeling. We identified temporal frequencies in invertebrate assemblages, which identifies groups of species whose population dynamics vary at particular temporal scales. We also assessed species with stochastic dynamics, those whose population dynamics vary irregularly and unpredictably over time. We determined the distribution of functional feeding groups of invertebrates within and across the temporal scales identified, and in those species with stochastic dynamics, and assessed attributes hypothesized to contribute to resilience. Three patterns of temporal dynamics, consistent across study lakes, were identified in the invertebrates. The first pattern was one of monotonic change associated with changing abiotic lake conditions. The second and third patterns appeared unrelated to the environmental changes we monitored. Acidified and the circumneutral lakes shared similar levels and patterns of functional richness, evenness, diversity, and redundancy for species within and across the observed temporal scales and for stochastic species groups. These similar resilience characteristics suggest that both lake types did not differ in vulnerability to the environmental changes observed here. Although both lake types appeared equally vulnerable in this study, our approach demonstrates how assessing systemic vulnerability by quantifying ecological resilience can help address uncertainty in predicting ecosystem responses to environmental change across ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-015-3281-y","usgsCitation":"Angeler, D., Baho, D.L., Allen, C.R., and Johnson, R.K., 2015, Linking degradation status with ecosystem vulnerability to environmental change: Oecologia, v. 178, no. 3, p. 899-913, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-015-3281-y.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"899","endPage":"913","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064260","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471972,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/12748/8/angeler_d_et_al_151029.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":317934,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Sweden","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[22.18317,65.72374],[21.21352,65.02601],[21.36963,64.41359],[19.77888,63.60955],[17.84778,62.7494],[17.11955,61.34117],[17.83135,60.63658],[18.78772,60.08191],[17.86922,58.95377],[16.82919,58.71983],[16.44771,57.04112],[15.87979,56.1043],[14.66668,56.20089],[14.10072,55.40778],[12.94291,55.36174],[12.6251,56.30708],[11.78794,57.44182],[11.02737,58.85615],[11.46827,59.43239],[12.30037,60.11793],[12.63115,61.29357],[11.99206,61.80036],[11.93057,63.12832],[12.57994,64.06622],[13.57192,64.04911],[13.91991,64.44542],[13.55569,64.78703],[15.10841,66.19387],[16.10871,67.30246],[16.76888,68.01394],[17.72918,68.01055],[17.99387,68.56739],[19.87856,68.40719],[20.02527,69.06514],[20.64559,69.10625],[21.97853,68.61685],[23.53947,67.93601],[23.56588,66.39605],[23.90338,66.00693],[22.18317,65.72374]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Sweden\"}}]}","volume":"178","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bdbec6e4b06458514aeed3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baho, Didier L.","contributorId":166724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baho","given":"Didier","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Richard K.","contributorId":21810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187341,"text":"70187341 - 2015 - Comparing ecoregional classifications for natural areas management in the Klamath Region, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-17T09:26:39","indexId":"70187341","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing ecoregional classifications for natural areas management in the Klamath Region, USA","docAbstract":"We compared three existing ecoregional classification schemes (Bailey, Omernik, and World Wildlife Fund) with two derived schemes (Omernik Revised and Climate Zones) to explore their effectiveness in explaining species distributions and to better understand natural resource geography in the Klamath Region, USA. We analyzed presence/absence data derived from digital distribution maps for trees, amphibians, large mammals, small mammals, migrant birds, and resident birds using three statistical analyses of classification accuracy (Analysis of Similarity, Canonical Analysis of Principal Coordinates, and Classification Strength). The classifications were roughly comparable in classification accuracy, with Omernik Revised showing the best overall performance. Trees showed the strongest fidelity to the classifications, and large mammals showed the weakest fidelity. We discuss the implications for regional biogeography and describe how intermediate resolution ecoregional classifications may be appropriate for use as natural areas management domains.
","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Association","doi":"10.3375/043.035.0301","usgsCitation":"Sarr, D.A., Duff, A., Dinger, E.C., Shafer, S.L., Wing, M., Seavy, N.E., and Alexander, J.D., 2015, Comparing ecoregional classifications for natural areas management in the Klamath Region, USA: Natural Areas Journal, v. 35, no. 3, p. 360-377, https://doi.org/10.3375/043.035.0301.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"360","endPage":"377","ipdsId":"IP-046147","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340689,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.00244140625,\n 38.66835610151506\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 38.66835610151506\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 42.79540065303723\n ],\n [\n -125.00244140625,\n 42.79540065303723\n ],\n [\n -125.00244140625,\n 38.66835610151506\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492be4b0fc4e448ffd60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sarr, Daniel A. dsarr@usgs.gov","contributorId":191593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sarr","given":"Daniel","email":"dsarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duff, Andrew","contributorId":168620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duff","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dinger, Eric C.","contributorId":191594,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dinger","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shafer, Sarah L. 0000-0003-3739-2637 sshafer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-2637","contributorId":1684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafer","given":"Sarah","email":"sshafer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wing, Michael","contributorId":191596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wing","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Seavy, Nathaniel E.","contributorId":191595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seavy","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Alexander, John D.","contributorId":191597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alexander","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70156876,"text":"70156876 - 2015 - Soil surface organic layers in Arctic Alaska: spatial distribution, rates of formation, and microclimatic effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T16:07:37","indexId":"70156876","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2320,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil surface organic layers in Arctic Alaska: spatial distribution, rates of formation, and microclimatic effects","docAbstract":"Organic layers of living and dead vegetation cover the ground surface in many permafrost landscapes and play important roles in ecosystem processes. These soil surface organic layers (SSOLs) store large amounts of carbon and buffer the underlying permafrost and its contained carbon from changes in aboveground climate. Understanding the dynamics of SSOLs is a prerequisite for predicting how permafrost and carbon stocks will respond to warming climate. Here we ask three questions about SSOLs in a representative area of the Arctic Foothills region of northern Alaska: (1) What environmental factors control the thickness of SSOLs and the carbon they store? (2) How long do SSOLs take to develop on newly stabilized point bars? (3) How do SSOLs affect temperature in the underlying ground? Results show that SSOL thickness and distribution correlate with elevation, drainage area, vegetation productivity, and incoming solar radiation. A multiple regression model based on these correlations can simulate spatial distribution of SSOLs and estimate the organic carbon stored there. SSOLs develop within a few decades after a new, sandy, geomorphic surface stabilizes but require 500–700 years to reach steady state thickness. Mature SSOLs lower the growing season temperature and mean annual temperature of the underlying mineral soil by 8 and 3°C, respectively. We suggest that the proximate effects of warming climate on permafrost landscapes now covered by SSOLs will occur indirectly via climate's effects on the frequency, extent, and severity of disturbances like fires and landslides that disrupt the SSOLs and interfere with their protection of the underlying permafrost.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015JG002983","usgsCitation":"Baughman, C., Mann, D., Verbyla, D.L., and Kunz, M.L., 2015, Soil surface organic layers in Arctic Alaska: spatial distribution, rates of formation, and microclimatic effects: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 120, no. 6, p. 1150-1164, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JG002983.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1150","endPage":"1164","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064795","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jg002983","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307786,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.466796875,\n 67.19551751715585\n ],\n [\n -158.466796875,\n 69.12344255014861\n ],\n [\n -155.01708984375,\n 69.12344255014861\n ],\n [\n -155.01708984375,\n 67.19551751715585\n ],\n [\n -158.466796875,\n 67.19551751715585\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"120","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e6cc37e4b05561fa20a02b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baughman, Carson 0000-0002-9423-9324 cbaughman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-9324","contributorId":169657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baughman","given":"Carson","email":"cbaughman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mann, Daniel H.","contributorId":97441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Daniel H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verbyla, David L.","contributorId":84611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verbyla","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kunz, Michael L.","contributorId":50820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187347,"text":"70187347 - 2015 - Evidence of a higher late-Holocene treeline along the Continental Divide in central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T13:24:38","indexId":"70187347","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3562,"text":"The Holocene","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of a higher late-Holocene treeline along the Continental Divide in central Colorado","docAbstract":"Using a combination of 23 radiocarbon ages and annual ring counts from 18 Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine (Pinus aristata) remnants above the local present-day limits, a period of higher treeline has been determined for two sites near the Continental Divide in central Colorado. The highest remnants were found about 30 m above live bristlecone pines of similar size. The majority of the remnants, consisting of standing snags, large logs, and smaller remains, are highly eroded, such that the innermost annual rings of all but one are missing. The radiocarbon ages obtained from the oldest wood recovered from each remnant indicate that the majority were established above the present-day limit of bristlecone pine from prior to 2700 cal. yr BP to no later than about 1200 cal. yr BP. These radiocarbon ages combined with the annual ring count from the corresponding remnant indicate that the majority of the sampled remnants grew above the present-day limit of bristlecone pine from sometime before 2700 cal. yr BP to about 800 cal. yr BP. Evidence of recent climatic warming is demonstrated at one of the sites by young bristlecone pine saplings growing next to the highest remnants; the saplings were established after AD 1965 and represent the highest advance of treeline in at least 1200 years.
","language":"English","publisher":"SAGE","doi":"10.1177/0959683615591353","usgsCitation":"Carrara, P.E., and McGeehin, J., 2015, Evidence of a higher late-Holocene treeline along the Continental Divide in central Colorado: The Holocene, v. 25, no. 11, p. 1829-1837, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683615591353.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1829","endPage":"1837","ipdsId":"IP-058103","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.14715576171875,\n 39.28860847419942\n ],\n [\n -105.88348388671875,\n 39.28860847419942\n ],\n [\n -105.88348388671875,\n 39.48814483559126\n ],\n [\n -106.14715576171875,\n 39.48814483559126\n ],\n [\n -106.14715576171875,\n 39.28860847419942\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492ae4b0fc4e448ffd5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carrara, Paul E. pcarrara@usgs.gov","contributorId":1342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carrara","given":"Paul","email":"pcarrara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGeehin, John mcgeehin@usgs.gov","contributorId":167455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"John","email":"mcgeehin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70188037,"text":"70188037 - 2015 - Parameter estimation for groundwater models under uncertain irrigation data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T14:13:05","indexId":"70188037","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parameter estimation for groundwater models under uncertain irrigation data","docAbstract":"The success of modeling groundwater is strongly influenced by the accuracy of the model parameters that are used to characterize the subsurface system. However, the presence of uncertainty and possibly bias in groundwater model source/sink terms may lead to biased estimates of model parameters and model predictions when the standard regression-based inverse modeling techniques are used. This study first quantifies the levels of bias in groundwater model parameters and predictions due to the presence of errors in irrigation data. Then, a new inverse modeling technique called input uncertainty weighted least-squares (IUWLS) is presented for unbiased estimation of the parameters when pumping and other source/sink data are uncertain. The approach uses the concept of generalized least-squares method with the weight of the objective function depending on the level of pumping uncertainty and iteratively adjusted during the parameter optimization process. We have conducted both analytical and numerical experiments, using irrigation pumping data from the Republican River Basin in Nebraska, to evaluate the performance of ordinary least-squares (OLS) and IUWLS calibration methods under different levels of uncertainty of irrigation data and calibration conditions. The result from the OLS method shows the presence of statistically significant (p < 0.05) bias in estimated parameters and model predictions that persist despite calibrating the models to different calibration data and sample sizes. However, by directly accounting for the irrigation pumping uncertainties during the calibration procedures, the proposed IUWLS is able to minimize the bias effectively without adding significant computational burden to the calibration processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12235","usgsCitation":"Demissie, Y., Valocchi, A.J., Cai, X., Brozovic, N., Senay, G., and Gebremichael, M., 2015, Parameter estimation for groundwater models under uncertain irrigation data: Groundwater, v. 53, no. 4, p. 614-625, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12235.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"614","endPage":"625","ipdsId":"IP-057423","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592fd63ee4b0e9bd0ea896fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demissie, Yonas","contributorId":192369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Demissie","given":"Yonas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valocchi, Albert J.","contributorId":25062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valocchi","given":"Albert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cai, Ximing","contributorId":149230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cai","given":"Ximing","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17685,"text":"University of Illinois, Champagne-Urbana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brozovic, Nicholas","contributorId":192552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brozovic","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":166812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gebremichael, Mekonnen","contributorId":147882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gebremichael","given":"Mekonnen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70148422,"text":"sir20155077 - 2015 - Flood Map for the Winooski River in Waterbury, Vermont, 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T10:40:01","indexId":"sir20155077","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-30T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5077","title":"Flood Map for the Winooski River in Waterbury, Vermont, 2014","docAbstract":"From August 28 to 29, 2011, Tropical Storm Irene delivered rainfall ranging from approximately 4 to more than 7 inches in the Winooski River Basin in Vermont. The rainfall resulted in severe flooding throughout the basin and significant damage along the Winooski River. In response to the flooding, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, conducted a new flood study to aid in flood recovery and restoration and to assist in flood forecasting. The study resulted in two sets of flood maps that depict the flooding for an 8.3-mile reach of the Winooski River from about 1,000 feet downstream of the Waterbury-Bolton, Vermont, town line upstream to about 2,000 feet upstream of the Waterbury-Middlesex, Vt., town line.
\nThe first set of maps consists of flood-recovery maps depicting the boundaries of floodwaters at the 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability (AEP) discharges, the boundaries of the floodway, and the boundaries of floodwaters from Tropical Storm Irene as estimated by a hydraulic model. The second set of maps consists of flood-inundation maps depicting the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS Winooski River above Crossett Bk at Waterbury, VT (04288040) streamgage. The maps correspond to streamgage water levels ranging from 417.0 to 431.0 feet in 2-foot increments. The availability of these flood-inundation maps along with current stage from the USGS streamgage obtained from a USGS Web site will provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts. These flood inundation maps can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site (http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/).
\nTo generate the maps, flood profiles for the Winooski River were developed. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers one-dimensional step-backwater Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System model (HEC–RAS), was used to compute the water-surface profiles along the study reach. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system digital elevation model derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) data with a vertical accuracy that meets or exceeds vertical national map accuracy standards for 2-foot contour mapping to delineate the area flooded for each water-surface profile.
\nHigh-water marks from Tropical Storm Irene were available for seven locations along the study reach. The highwater marks were used to estimate water-surface profiles and discharges resulting from Tropical Storm Irene throughout the study reach. From a comparison of the estimated water-surface profile for Tropical Storm Irene with the water-surface profiles for the 1- and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability (AEP) floods, it was determined that the high-water elevations resulting from Tropical Storm Irene exceeded the estimated 1-percent AEP flood throughout the Winooski River study reach but did not exceed the estimated 0.2-percent AEP flood at any location within the study reach.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155077","collaboration":"Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Olson, S.A., 2015, Flood Map for the Winooski River in Waterbury, Vermont, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5077, Report: vi, 25 p.; Readme; Appendix; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155077.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 25 p.; Readme; Appendix; Metadata","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061798","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305492,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155077.jpg"},{"id":305487,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5077/pdf/sir20155077.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.48 MB","description":"Report"},{"id":305490,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5077/attachments/metadata_floodinundationmap.zip","text":"Metadata for flood inundation map","size":"123 KB","description":"Metadata for flood inundation map","linkHelpText":"Metadata for flood inundation map"},{"id":305488,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5077/attachments/readme.txt","text":"Read me","size":"1 KB","description":"Read Me"},{"id":305489,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5077/attachments/sir2015-5077_appendix1.zip","text":"Map file and dataset","size":"715 MB","description":"Map file and dataset","linkHelpText":"Contains the published map file and the map dataset."},{"id":305491,"rank":6,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5077/attachments/metadata_floodrecoverymap.zip","text":"Metadata for flood recovery map","size":"132 KB","description":"Metadata for flood recovery map","linkHelpText":"Metadata for flood recovery map"},{"id":305486,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5077/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","city":"Waterbury","otherGeospatial":"Winooski River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.75833129882812,\n 44.319672489734806\n ],\n [\n -72.75833129882812,\n 44.334408514149914\n ],\n [\n -72.73258209228516,\n 44.334408514149914\n ],\n [\n -72.73258209228516,\n 44.319672489734806\n ],\n [\n -72.75833129882812,\n 44.319672489734806\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5593afa9e4b0b6d21dd68220","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, Scott A. 0000-0002-1064-2125 solson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1064-2125","contributorId":2059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Scott","email":"solson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70154753,"text":"sim3315 - 2015 - Geologic map of the Simcoe Mountains Volcanic Field, main central segment, Yakama Nation, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-23T16:24:50","indexId":"sim3315","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-30T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3315","title":"Geologic map of the Simcoe Mountains Volcanic Field, main central segment, Yakama Nation, Washington","docAbstract":"Mountainous parts of the Yakama Nation lands in south-central Washington are mostly covered by basaltic lava flows and cinder cones that make up the Simcoe Mountains volcanic field. The accompanying geologic map of the central part of the volcanic field has been produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) on behalf of the Water Resources Program of the Yakama Nation. The volcanic terrain stretches continuously from Mount Adams eastward as far as Satus Pass and Mill Creek Guard Station. Most of the many hills and buttes are volcanic cones where cinders and spatter piled up around erupting vents while lava flows spread downslope. All of these small volcanoes are now extinct, and, even during their active lifetimes, most of them erupted for no more than a few years. On the Yakama Nation lands, the only large long-lived volcano capable of erupting again in the future is Mount Adams, on the western boundary.
\nThe geologic map presented here extends, east-west, from Satus Creek to the Klickitat River and, north-south, from Signal Peak to Indian Rock. In various colors, the map shows the areas covered by about 223 different eruptive units, mostly lava flows and cinder cones, while stars mark vents where many of them erupted. Shown in plain gray, the basement beneath the Simcoe Mountains volcanic field is the Columbia River Basalt Group, regional “flood basalts” of enormous volume and extent that erupted far to the east and long before the Simcoe volcanics.
\nAlthough the number of past eruptions is large, few were great explosions that fed towering eruption plumes or spread ash over huge areas downwind. Most were localized basaltic lava fountains (like some in Hawaii) where showers of molten fragments reached heights of a few hundred feet. Most of them also poured out tongues of lava that were channelled along stream valleys for a few miles downstream or, occasionally, as far as 10 miles. Because the basalt so common here is one of the most fluid kinds of lava, it tends to flow farther and faster than most other types of lava before it cools and solidifies.
\nLava compositions other than various types of basalt are uncommon here. Andesite is abundant on and around Mount Adams but is very rare east of the Klickitat River. The only important nonbasaltic composition in the map area is rhyolite, which crops out in several patches around the central highland of the volcanic field, mainly in the upper canyons of Satus and Kusshi Creeks and Wilson Charley canyon. Because the rhyolites were some of the earliest lavas erupted here, they are widely concealed by later basalts and therefore crop out only in local windows eroded by canyons that cut through the overlying basalts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3315","usgsCitation":"Hildreth, W., and Fierstein, J., 2015, Geologic map of the Simcoe Mountains Volcanic Field, main central segment, Yakama Nation, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3315, Pamphlet: ii, 76 p.; 3 Sheets: 55.61 x 54.63 inches or smaller; Appendix A, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3315.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: ii, 76 p.; 3 Sheets: 55.61 x 54.63 inches or smaller; Appendix A","numberOfPages":"78","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-035925","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305485,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3315.gif"},{"id":305481,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3315/pdf/sim3315_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"4.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 1"},{"id":305479,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3315/"},{"id":305482,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3315/pdf/sim3315_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","size":"4.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 2"},{"id":305484,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3315/downloads/sim3315_appendixA.xlsx","text":"Appendix A","size":"624 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Appendix A","linkHelpText":"Chemical data for Simcoe Mountains volcanic field, main central segment."},{"id":305483,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3315/pdf/sim3315_sheet3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","size":"7.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 3"},{"id":305480,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3315/pdf/sim3315_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"6.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Pamphlet"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Simcoe Mountains Volcanic Field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.90179443359375,\n 45.79242458189578\n ],\n [\n -120.90179443359375,\n 46.2501492379416\n ],\n [\n -120.3277587890625,\n 46.2501492379416\n ],\n [\n -120.3277587890625,\n 45.79242458189578\n ],\n [\n -120.90179443359375,\n 45.79242458189578\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5593afaae4b0b6d21dd68222","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildreth, Wes 0000-0002-7925-4251 hildreth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":2221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"Wes","email":"hildreth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":563995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fierstein, Judy jfierstn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fierstein","given":"Judy","email":"jfierstn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":563996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155517,"text":"70155517 - 2015 - Integrating multiple distribution models to guide conservation efforts of an endangered toad","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-10T11:35:56","indexId":"70155517","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-30T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating multiple distribution models to guide conservation efforts of an endangered toad","docAbstract":"Species distribution models are used for numerous purposes such as predicting changes in species’ ranges and identifying biodiversity hotspots. Although implications of distribution models for conservation are often implicit, few studies use these tools explicitly to inform conservation efforts. Herein, we illustrate how multiple distribution models developed using distinct sets of environmental variables can be integrated to aid in identification sites for use in conservation. We focus on the endangered arroyo toad (Anaxyrus californicus), which relies on open, sandy streams and surrounding floodplains in southern California, USA, and northern Baja California, Mexico. Declines of the species are largely attributed to habitat degradation associated with vegetation encroachment, invasive predators, and altered hydrologic regimes. We had three main goals: 1) develop a model of potential habitat for arroyo toads, based on long-term environmental variables and all available locality data; 2) develop a model of the species’ current habitat by incorporating recent remotely-sensed variables and only using recent locality data; and 3) integrate results of both models to identify sites that may be employed in conservation efforts. We used a machine learning technique, Random Forests, to develop the models, focused on riparian zones in southern California. We identified 14.37% and 10.50% of our study area as potential and current habitat for the arroyo toad, respectively. Generally, inclusion of remotely-sensed variables reduced modeled suitability of sites, thus many areas modeled as potential habitat were not modeled as current habitat. We propose such sites could be made suitable for arroyo toads through active management, increasing current habitat by up to 67.02%. Our general approach can be employed to guide conservation efforts of virtually any species with sufficient data necessary to develop appropriate distribution models.
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2015 - Radar and optical image fusion and mapping of land cover and wetland resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-14T11:51:24","indexId":"70146028","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-30T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Radar and optical image fusion and mapping of land cover and wetland resources","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote sensing of wetlands: applications and advances","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton","doi":"10.1201/b18210-11","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E.W., and Rangoonwala, A., 2015, Radar and optical image fusion and mapping of land cover and wetland resources, chap. of Remote sensing of wetlands: applications and advances, p. 155-174, https://doi.org/10.1201/b18210-11.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"174","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042986","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7eef3e4b0bc0bec09ee18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah W. 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Ice retreated within the Medicine Lake volcano occurred around 11,400 years ago, followed by filling of two sub-basins. The absence of Cyclotella indicates that the early lake was probably less than 5 m deep. The low Abies/Artemisia ratio suggests that the climate was relatively dry. Over the next 4000 years, the level of the lake rose as relatively organic-rich fine-grained sediments filled the basin. The increase in abundance of Cyclotella also suggests that the lake gradually deepened. The abundance of Abies in the basin also increased, suggesting the presence of a deeper snowpack that existed into the late spring and summer. The increased snowpack was likely the primary water source that filled the lake during this period. About 5500 years ago, the lake flooded the shallow shelf area surrounding the two sub-basins. Variations in the abundance of Cyclotella and benthic taxa, dominated by Navicula, indicate that the area of the flooded shelf fluctuated during this interval. The abundance of Isoetes and Abies responded similarly to changes in the basin, both suggesting an increase in effective moisture. Their increase corresponds to an increase in Sequoia pollen observed at ODP Site 1019, which records the establishment of modern climatic conditions along the northern California coast (relatively warm wet winters and cool, foggy summers). A connection between coastal and inland 6 climates appears to have strengthened at about this time. 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Sheets 1, 2, and 3 combine data from four different sonar surveys to generate comprehensive high-resolution bathymetry and acoustic-backscatter coverage of the map area. These data reveal a range of physiographic features (highlighted in the perspective views on sheet 4) such as the flat, sediment-covered seafloor in Drakes Bay, as well as abundant “scour depressions” on the Bodega Head–Tomales Point shelf (see sheet 9) and local, tectonically controlled bedrock uplifts. To validate geological and biological interpretations of the sonar data shown in sheets 1, 2, and 3, the U.S. Geological Survey towed a camera sled over specific offshore locations, collecting both video and photographic imagery; these “ground-truth” surveying data are summarized on sheet 6. Sheet 5 is a “seafloor character” map, which classifies the seafloor on the basis of depth, slope, rugosity (ruggedness), and backscatter intensity and which is further informed by the ground-truth-survey imagery. Sheet 7 is a map of “potential habitats,” which are delineated on the basis of substrate type, geomorphology, seafloor process, or other attributes that may provide a habitat for a specific species or assemblage of organisms. Sheet 8 compiles representative seismic-reflection profiles from the map area, providing information on the subsurface stratigraphy and structure of the map area. Sheet 9 shows the distribution and thickness of young sediment (deposited over the last about 21,000 years, during the most recent sea-level rise) in both the map area and the larger Salt Point to Drakes Bay region, interpreted on the basis of the seismic-reflection data, and it identifies the Offshore of Point Reyes map area as lying within the Bodega Head–Tomales Point shelf, Point Reyes bar, and Bolinas shelf domains. Sheet 10 is a geologic map that merges onshore geologic mapping (compiled from existing maps by the California Geological Survey) and new offshore geologic mapping that is based on integration of high-resolution bathymetry and backscatter imagery (sheets 1, 2, 3), seafloor-sediment and rock samples (Reid and others, 2006), digital camera and video imagery (sheet 6), and high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles (sheet 8), as well as aerial-photographic interpretation of nearshore areas. The information provided by the map sheets, pamphlet, and data catalog have a broad range of applications. High-resolution bathymetry, acoustic backscatter, ground-truth-surveying imagery, and habitat mapping all contribute to habitat characterization and ecosystem-based management by providing essential data for delineation of marine protected areas and ecosystem restoration. Many of the maps provide high-resolution baselines that will be critical for monitoring environmental change associated with climate change, coastal development, or other forcings. High-resolution bathymetry is a critical component for modeling coastal flooding caused by storms and tsunamis, as well as inundation associated with longer term sea-level rise. Seismic-reflection and bathymetric data help characterize earthquake and tsunami sources, critical for natural-hazard assessments of coastal zones. Information on sediment distribution and thickness is essential to the understanding of local and regional sediment transport, as well as the development of regional sediment-management plans. In addition, siting of any new offshore infrastructure (for example, pipelines, cables, or renewable-energy facilities) will depend on high-resolution mapping. Finally, this mapping will both stimulate and enable new scientific research and also raise public awareness of, and education about, coastal environments and issues.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151114","usgsCitation":"Watt, J., Dartnell, P., Golden, N., Greene, H., Erdey, M.D., Cochrane, G.R., Johnson, S.Y., Hartwell, S., Kvitek, R.G., Manson, M., Endris, C.A., Dieter, B.E., Sliter, R.W., Krigsman, L., Lowe, E., and Chinn, J.L., 2015, California State Waters Map Series — Offshore of Point Reyes, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1114, Pamphlet: iv, 39 p.; 10 Sheets: 52 x 36 inches or smaller ; Metadata; Data Catalog, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151114.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 39 p.; 10 Sheets: 52 x 36 inches or smaller ; Metadata; Data Catalog","numberOfPages":"43","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055336","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305464,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1114/pdf/ofr20151114_sheet8.pdf","text":"Sheet 8","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 8","linkHelpText":"Seismic-Reflection Profiles, Offshore of Point Reyes Map Area, California By Janet T. Watt, Samuel Y. Johnson, John L. Chin, and Ray W. Sliter"},{"id":305458,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1114/pdf/ofr20151114_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 2","linkHelpText":"Shaded-Relief Bathymetry, Offshore of Point Reyes Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell and Rikk G. Kvitek"},{"id":305457,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1114/pdf/ofr20151114_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 1","linkHelpText":"Colored Shaded-Relief Bathymetry, Offshore of Point Reyes Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell and Rikk G. 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2015 - Assessment of interim flow water-quality data of the San Joaquin River restoration program and implications for fishes, California, 2009-11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-29T13:48:16","indexId":"ofr20151093","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-29T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1093","title":"Assessment of interim flow water-quality data of the San Joaquin River restoration program and implications for fishes, California, 2009-11","docAbstract":"After more than 50 years of extensive water diversion for urban and agriculture use, a major settlement was reached among the U.S. Departments of the Interior and Commerce, the Natural Resources Defense Council, and the Friant Water Users Authority in an effort to restore the San Joaquin River. The settlement received Federal court approval in October 2006 and established the San Joaquin River Restoration Program, a multi-agency collaboration between State and Federal agencies to restore and maintain fish populations, including Chinook salmon, in the main stem of the river between Friant Dam and the confluence with the Merced River. This is to be done while avoiding or minimizing adverse water supply effects to all of the Friant Division contractors that could result from restoration flows required by the settlement. The settlement stipulates that water- and sediment-quality data be collected to help assess the restoration goals. This report summarizes and evaluates water-quality data collected in the main stem of the San Joaquin River between Friant Dam and the Merced River by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation for the San Joaquin River Restoration Program during 2009-11. This summary and assessment consider sampling frequency for adequate characterization of variability, sampling locations for sufficient characterization of the San Joaquin River Restoration Program restoration reach, sampling methods for appropriate media (water and sediment), and constituent reporting limits. After reviewing the water- and sediment-quality results for the San Joaquin River Restoration Program, several suggestions were made to the Fisheries Management Work Group, a division of the San Joaquin River Restoration Program that focuses solely on the reintroduction strategies and health of salmon and other native fishes in the river. Water-quality results for lead and total organic carbon exceeded the Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program Basin Plan Objectives for the San Joaquin Basin, and results for copper exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticide Programs' aquatic-life chronic and acute benchmarks for invertebrates. One sediment sample contained detections of pyrethroid pesticides bifenthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and total permethrin at concentrations above published chronic toxicity thresholds.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151093","usgsCitation":"Wulff, M.L., and Brown, L.R., 2015, Assessment of interim flow water-quality data of the San Joaquin River restoration program and implications for fishes, California, 2009-11: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1093, Report: iii, 25; 2 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151093.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 25; 2 Appendices","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-036179","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305439,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151093.jpg"},{"id":305420,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1093/"},{"id":305421,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1093/pdf/ofr2015-1093.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1093 Report"},{"id":305422,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1093/downloads/ofr2015-1093_appendix_a.xlsx","text":"Appendix A","size":"658 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2015-1093 Appendix A"},{"id":305423,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1093/downloads/ofr2015-1093_appendix_c.xlsx","text":"Appendix C","size":"116 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2015-1093 Appendix C"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.62850952148436,\n 37.45142216912853\n ],\n [\n -120.62850952148436,\n 37.47976234695507\n ],\n [\n -120.47470092773436,\n 37.47976234695507\n ],\n [\n -120.47470092773436,\n 37.45142216912853\n ],\n [\n -120.62850952148436,\n 37.45142216912853\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55925e30e4b0b6d21dd67619","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wulff, Marissa L. 0000-0003-0121-9066 mwulff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0121-9066","contributorId":1719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wulff","given":"Marissa","email":"mwulff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":563900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155864,"text":"70155864 - 2015 - Ocean circulation and biogeochemistry moderate interannual and decadal surface water pH changes in the Sargasso Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-17T09:58:34","indexId":"70155864","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-28T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ocean circulation and biogeochemistry moderate interannual and decadal surface water pH changes in the Sargasso Sea","docAbstract":"The oceans absorb anthropogenic CO2 from the atmosphere, lowering surface ocean pH, a concern for calcifying marine organisms. The impact of ocean acidification is challenging to predict as each species appears to respond differently and because our knowledge of natural changes to ocean pH is limited in both time and space. Here we reconstruct 222 years of biennial seawater pH variability in the Sargasso Sea from a brain coral, Diploria labyrinthiformis. Using hydrographic data from the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study and the coral-derived pH record, we are able to differentiate pH changes due to surface temperature versus those from ocean circulation and biogeochemical changes. We find that ocean pH does not simply reflect atmospheric CO2 trends but rather that circulation/biogeochemical changes account for >90% of pH variability in the Sargasso Sea and more variability in the last century than would be predicted from anthropogenic uptake of CO2 alone.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/2015GL064431","collaboration":"Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological Unicersity, Singapore\nEarth Observatory of Singapore, Singapore\nNational Cheung Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan\nWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA\nBermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, St. George’s, Bermuda\nAcademia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","usgsCitation":"Goodkin, N.F., Wang, B., You, C., Hughen, K., Prouty, N.G., Bates, N., and Doney, S., 2015, Ocean circulation and biogeochemistry moderate interannual and decadal surface water pH changes in the Sargasso Sea: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 42, no. 12, p. 4931-4939, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064431.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"4931","endPage":"4939","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064178","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471989,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gl064431","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d305b8e4b0518e35468d13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodkin, Nathalie F.","contributorId":146214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodkin","given":"Nathalie","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":16631,"text":"Nanyang Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Bo-Shian","contributorId":146215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Bo-Shian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16632,"text":"National Cheung Kung University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"You, Chen-Feng","contributorId":146216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"You","given":"Chen-Feng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16632,"text":"National Cheung Kung University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hughen, Konrad","contributorId":146217,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughen","given":"Konrad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16633,"text":"WHOI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Prouty, Nancy G. 0000-0002-8922-0688 nprouty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-0688","contributorId":3350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"Nancy","email":"nprouty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bates, Nicholas","contributorId":146218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bates","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16634,"text":"Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Doney, Scott","contributorId":146219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doney","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16633,"text":"WHOI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70188820,"text":"70188820 - 2015 - Geochemical reanalysis of historical U.S. Geological Survey sediment samples from the Inmachuk, Kugruk, Kiwalik, and Koyuk River drainages, Granite Mountain, and the northern Darby Mountains, Bendeleben, Candle, Kotzebue, and Solomon quadrangles, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T13:33:22","indexId":"70188820","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Geochemical reanalysis of historical U.S. Geological Survey sediment samples from the Inmachuk, Kugruk, Kiwalik, and Koyuk River drainages, Granite Mountain, and the northern Darby Mountains, Bendeleben, Candle, Kotzebue, and Solomon quadrangles, Alaska","docAbstract":"The State of Alaska’s Strategic and Critical Minerals (SCM) Assessment project, a State-funded Capital Improvement Project (CIP), is designed to evaluate Alaska’s statewide potential for SCM resources. The SCM Assessment is being implemented by the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS), and involves obtaining new airborne-geophysical, geological, and geochemical data. As part of the SCM Assessment, thousands of historical geochemical samples from DGGS, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and U.S. Bureau of Mines archives are being reanalyzed by DGGS using modern, quantitative, geochemical-analytical methods. The objective is to update the statewide geochemical database to more clearly identify areas in Alaska with SCM potential.
The USGS is also undertaking SCM-related geologic studies in Alaska through the federally funded Alaska Critical Minerals cooperative project. DGGS and USGS share the goal of evaluating Alaska’s strategic and critical minerals potential and together created a Letter of Agreement (signed December 2012) and a supplementary Technical Assistance Agreement (#14CMTAA143458) to facilitate the two agencies’ cooperative work. Under these agreements, DGGS contracted the USGS in Denver to reanalyze historical USGS sediment samples from Alaska.
For this report, DGGS funded reanalysis of 653 historical USGS sediment samples from the statewide Alaska Geochemical Database Version 2.0 (AGDB2; Granitto and others, 2013). Samples were chosen from an area covering portions of the Inmachuk, Kugruk, Kiwalik, and Koyuk river drainages, Granite Mountain, and the northern Darby Mountains, located in the Bendeleben, Candle, Kotzebue, and Solomon quadrangles of eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska (fig. 1). The USGS was responsible for sample retrieval from the National Geochemical Sample Archive (NGSA) in Denver, Colorado through the final quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) of the geochemical analyses obtained through the USGS contract lab. The new geochemical data are published in this report as a coauthored DGGS report, and will be incorporated into the statewide geochemical databases of both agencies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys","doi":"10.14509/29448","collaboration":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys; Melanie B. Werdon, lead author","usgsCitation":"Werdon, M.B., Granitto, M., and Azain, J.S., 2015, Geochemical reanalysis of historical U.S. Geological Survey sediment samples from the Inmachuk, Kugruk, Kiwalik, and Koyuk River drainages, Granite Mountain, and the northern Darby Mountains, Bendeleben, Candle, Kotzebue, and Solomon quadrangles, Alaska, 5 p. , https://doi.org/10.14509/29448.","productDescription":"5 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"5","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-064890","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14509/29448","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Seward Peninsula ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -161.136474609375,\n 66.21373941545203\n ],\n [\n -161.60888671875,\n 66.2447378667497\n ],\n [\n -161.90551757812497,\n 66.08045694353868\n ],\n [\n -162.542724609375,\n 66.07154649351564\n ],\n [\n -162.740478515625,\n 66.10716955858042\n ],\n [\n -162.9931640625,\n 66.11606752151663\n ],\n [\n -163.19091796875,\n 66.09826847519165\n ],\n [\n -163.531494140625,\n 66.11606752151663\n ],\n [\n -163.729248046875,\n 66.133854089549\n ],\n [\n -163.67431640625,\n 66.43871533193368\n ],\n [\n -163.531494140625,\n 66.66168361244144\n ],\n [\n -164.46533203125,\n 66.6486231449303\n ],\n [\n -165.662841796875,\n 66.46943736242143\n ],\n [\n -166.6845703125,\n 66.24916310923315\n ],\n [\n -167.33276367187497,\n 66.01355238228946\n ],\n [\n -168.28857421875,\n 65.73514177731373\n ],\n [\n -168.11279296874997,\n 65.52662006050737\n ],\n [\n -167.32177734375,\n 65.3530957649603\n ],\n [\n -166.9921875,\n 65.13225838478363\n ],\n [\n -166.7724609375,\n 64.95146502589559\n ],\n [\n -166.607666015625,\n 64.830253743883\n ],\n [\n -166.376953125,\n 64.51064316846676\n ],\n [\n -165.333251953125,\n 64.31611045403284\n ],\n [\n -164.630126953125,\n 64.43963263427757\n ],\n [\n -163.67431640625,\n 64.52009732015118\n ],\n [\n -163.267822265625,\n 64.33990785750463\n ],\n [\n -162.68554687499997,\n 64.30182213914463\n ],\n [\n -162.18017578125,\n 64.50591486519582\n ],\n [\n -161.65283203125,\n 64.69910544204765\n ],\n [\n -161.356201171875,\n 64.77412531292873\n ],\n [\n -160.99365234375,\n 64.78348816818996\n ],\n [\n -161.136474609375,\n 66.21373941545203\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59536eaae4b062508e3c7a89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Werdon, Melanie B.","contributorId":193448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Werdon","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Granitto, Matthew 0000-0003-3445-4863 granitto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3445-4863","contributorId":1224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granitto","given":"Matthew","email":"granitto@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Azain, Jaime S. 0000-0002-8256-7494 jsazain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8256-7494","contributorId":5963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Azain","given":"Jaime","email":"jsazain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148568,"text":"sir20155085 - 2015 - Hydrologic influences on water-level changes in the Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer at and near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 1949-2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-26T16:01:27","indexId":"sir20155085","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-26T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5085","title":"Hydrologic influences on water-level changes in the Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer at and near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 1949-2014","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, has maintained a water-level monitoring program at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) since 1949 to systematically measure water levels to provide long-term information on groundwater recharge, discharge, movement, and storage in the eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) aquifer. During 2014, water levels in the ESRP aquifer reached all-time lows for the period of record, prompting this study to assess the effect that future water-level declines may have on pumps and wells. Water-level data were compared with pump-setting depth to determine the hydraulic head above the current pump setting. Additionally, geophysical logs were examined to address changes in well productivity with water-level declines. Furthermore, hydrologic factors that affect water levels in different areas of the INL were evaluated to help understand why water-level changes occur.
\nReview of pump intake placement and 2014 water-level data indicates that 40 wells completed within the ESRP aquifer at the INL have 20 feet (ft) or less of head above the pump. Nine of the these wells are located in the northeastern and northwestern areas of the INL where recharge is predominantly affected by irrigation, wet and dry cycles of precipitation, and flow in the Big Lost River. Water levels in northeastern and northwestern wells generally show water-level fluctuations of as much as 4.5 ft seasonally and show declines as much as 25 ft during the past 14 years.
\nIn the southeastern area of the INL, seven wells were identified as having less than 20 ft of water remaining above the pump. Most of the wells in the southeast show less decline over the period of record compared with wells in the northeast; the smaller declines are probably attributable to less groundwater withdrawal from pumping of wells for irrigation. In addition, most of the southeastern wells show only about a 1–2 ft fluctuation seasonally because they are less influenced by groundwater withdrawals for irrigation.
\nIn the southwestern area of the INL, 24 wells were identified as having less than 20 ft of water remaining above the pump. Wells in the southwest also only show small 1–2 ft fluctuations seasonally because of a lack of irrigation influence. Wells show larger fluctuation in water levels closer to the Big Lost River and fluctuate in response to wet and dry cycles of recharge to the Big Lost River.
\nGeophysical logs indicate that most of the wells evaluated will maintain their current production until the water level declines to the depth of the pump. A few of the wells may become less productive once the water level gets to within about 5 ft from the top of the pump. Wells most susceptible to future drought cycles are those in the northeastern and northwestern areas of the INL.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155085","collaboration":"U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Bartholomay, R.C., and Twining, B.V., 2015, Hydrologic influences on water-level changes in the Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer at and near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 1949-2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5085, Report: v, 37 p.; 1 Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155085.","productDescription":"Report: v, 37 p.; 1 Appendix","numberOfPages":"47","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-060008","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":303220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155085.jpg"},{"id":303174,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5085/"},{"id":303175,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5085/pdf/sir2015-5085.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":303176,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5085/pdf/sir2015-5085_appendixa.pdf","text":"Appendix A","size":"1.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix A"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 43.08092540794885\n ],\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 43.97700467496408\n ],\n [\n -111.97265625,\n 43.97700467496408\n ],\n [\n -111.97265625,\n 43.08092540794885\n ],\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 43.08092540794885\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558e69abe4b0b6d21dd658fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomay, Roy C. 0000-0002-4809-9287 rcbarth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-9287","contributorId":1131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"Roy","email":"rcbarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Twining, Brian V. 0000-0003-1321-4721 btwining@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-4721","contributorId":2387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twining","given":"Brian","email":"btwining@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70173576,"text":"70173576 - 2015 - The influence of a rapid drawdown and prolonged dewatering on angling pressure, catch and harvest in a Nebraska reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T16:42:49","indexId":"70173576","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of a rapid drawdown and prolonged dewatering on angling pressure, catch and harvest in a Nebraska reservoir","docAbstract":"Reservoirs can be dynamic systems, often prone to unpredictable and extreme water-level fluctuations, and can be environments where survival is difficult for zooplankton and larval fish. Although numerous studies have examined the effects of extreme reservoir drawdown on water quality, few have examined extreme drawdown on both abiotic and biotic characteristics. A fissure in the dam at Red Willow Reservoir in southwest Nebraska necessitated an extreme drawdown; the water level was lowered more than 6 m during a two-month period, reducing reservoir volume by 76%. During the subsequent low-water period (i.e., post-drawdown), spring sampling (April–June) showed dissolved oxygen concentration was lower, while turbidity and chlorophyll-a concentration were greater, relative to pre-drawdown conditions. Additionally, there was an overall increase in zooplankton density, although there were differences among taxa, and changes in mean size among taxa, relative to pre-drawdown conditions. Zooplankton assemblage composition had an average dissimilarity of 19.3% from pre-drawdown to post-drawdown. The ratio of zero to non-zero catches was greater post-drawdown for larval common carp and for all larval fishes combined, whereas we observed no difference for larval gizzard shad. Larval fish assemblage composition had an average dissimilarity of 39.7% from pre-drawdown to post-drawdown. Given the likelihood that other dams will need repair or replacement in the near future, it is imperative for effective reservoir management that we anticipate the likely abiotic and biotic responses of reservoir ecosystems as these management actions will continue to alter environmental conditions in reservoirs.
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