{"pageNumber":"1243","pageRowStart":"31050","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165296,"records":[{"id":70141340,"text":"70141340 - 2015 - Densovirus associated with sea-star wasting disease and mass mortality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-23T11:01:08","indexId":"70141340","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-02T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Densovirus associated with sea-star wasting disease and mass mortality","docAbstract":"

Populations of at least 20 asteroid species on the Northeast Pacific Coast have recently experienced an extensive outbreak of sea-star (asteroid) wasting disease (SSWD). The disease leads to behavioral changes, lesions, loss of turgor, limb autotomy, and death characterized by rapid degradation (“melting”). Here, we present evidence from experimental challenge studies and field observations that link the mass mortalities to a densovirus (Parvoviridae). Virus-sized material (i.e., <0.2 μm) from symptomatic tissues that was inoculated into asymptomatic asteroids consistently resulted in SSWD signs whereas animals receiving heat-killed (i.e., control) virus-sized inoculum remained asymptomatic. Viral metagenomic investigations revealed the sea star-associated densovirus (SSaDV) as the most likely candidate virus associated with tissues from symptomatic asteroids. Quantification of SSaDV during transmission trials indicated that progression of SSWD paralleled increased SSaDV load. In field surveys, SSaDV loads were more abundant in symptomatic than in asymptomatic asteroids. SSaDV could be detected in plankton, sediments and in nonasteroid echinoderms, providing a possible mechanism for viral spread. SSaDV was detected in museum specimens of asteroids from 1942, suggesting that it has been present on the North American Pacific Coast for at least 72 y. SSaDV is therefore the most promising candidate disease agent responsible for asteroid mass mortality.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1416625111","usgsCitation":"Hewson, I., Button, J.B., Gudenkauf, B.M., Miner, B., Newton, A.L., Gaydos, J.K., Wynne, J., Groves, C.L., Hendler, G., Murray, M., Fradkin, S., Breitbart, M., Fahsbender, E., Lafferty, K.D., Kilpatrick, A., Miner, C.M., Raimondi, P.T., Lahner, L.L., Friedman, C., Danielson, S.D., Haulena, M., Marliave, J., Burge, C.A., Eisenlord, M.E., and Harvell, C.D., 2015, Densovirus associated with sea-star wasting disease and mass mortality: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 111, no. 48, p. 17278-17283, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1416625111.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"17278","endPage":"17283","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060531","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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Episodes of food deprivation may change how nestling birds allocate energy to the growth of skeletal and feather morphological traits during development. Cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) are colonial, insectivorous birds that regularly experience brief periods of severe weather-induced food deprivation during the nesting season which may affect offspring development. We investigated how annual variation in timing of rearing and weather were associated with length of wing and tail, skeletal traits, and body mass in juvenile cliff swallows reared in southwestern Nebraska during 2001–2006. As predicted under conditions of food deprivation, nestling skeletal and feather measurements were generally smaller in cooler years. However, variability explained by weather was small, suggesting that morphometric traits of juvenile cliff swallows were not highly sensitive to weather conditions experienced during this study. Measurements of juvenile morphological traits were positively correlated with measurements taken as adults, meaning that any variation among juveniles in response to rearing conditions showed evidence of persisting into a bird’s first breeding season. Our results show that body size in this species is phenotypically plastic and influenced, in part, by weather variables.

","language":"English","publisher":"North Dakota Natural Science Society","publisherLocation":"Grand Forks, ND","usgsCitation":"Roche, E.A., Brown, M.B., and Brown, C.R., 2015, The effect of weather on morphometric traits of juvenile cliff swallows: The Prairie Naturalist, v. 46, no. 2, p. 76-87.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"76","endPage":"87","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055405","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312835,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.sdstate.edu/nrm/organizations/gpnss/tpn/upload/Roche-paper-76-87.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":312823,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sdstate.edu/nrm/organizations/gpnss/tpn/2014-volume-46.cfm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Deuel, Garden, Keith, Lincoln, Morrill","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.12042236328125,\n 41.00477542222949\n ],\n [\n -103.12042236328125,\n 42.200038266046754\n ],\n [\n -100.4095458984375,\n 42.200038266046754\n ],\n [\n -100.4095458984375,\n 41.00477542222949\n ],\n [\n -103.12042236328125,\n 41.00477542222949\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567bd3c1e4b0a04ef491a21c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roche, Erin A. eroche@usgs.gov","contributorId":5558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roche","given":"Erin","email":"eroche@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Mary Bomberger","contributorId":150841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Bomberger","affiliations":[{"id":18117,"text":"School of Natl Res, Univ of NE, Lincoln","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Charles R.","contributorId":150842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":18118,"text":"Dept of Biol Sc, University of Tulsa, OK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70173449,"text":"70173449 - 2015 - Predicting Brook Trout occurrence in stream reaches throughout their native range in the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T14:18:23","indexId":"70173449","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T01:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting Brook Trout occurrence in stream reaches throughout their native range in the eastern United States","docAbstract":"

The Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis is an important species of conservation concern in the eastern USA. We developed a model to predict Brook Trout population status within individual stream reaches throughout the species’ native range in the eastern USA. We utilized hierarchical logistic regression with Bayesian estimation to predict Brook Trout occurrence probability, and we allowed slopes and intercepts to vary among ecological drainage units (EDUs). Model performance was similar for 7,327 training samples and 1,832 validation samples based on the area under the receiver operating curve (∼0.78) and Cohen's kappa statistic (0.44). Predicted water temperature had a strong negative effect on Brook Trout occurrence probability at the stream reach scale and was also negatively associated with the EDU average probability of Brook Trout occurrence (i.e., EDU-specific intercepts). The effect of soil permeability was positive but decreased as EDU mean soil permeability increased. Brook Trout were less likely to occur in stream reaches surrounded by agricultural or developed land cover, and an interaction suggested that agricultural land cover also resulted in an increased sensitivity to water temperature. Our model provides a further understanding of how Brook Trout are shaped by habitat characteristics in the region and yields maps of stream-reach-scale predictions, which together can be used to support ongoing conservation and management efforts. These decision support tools can be used to identify the extent of potentially suitable habitat, estimate historic habitat losses, and prioritize conservation efforts by selecting suitable stream reaches for a given action. Future work could extend the model to account for additional landscape or habitat characteristics, include biotic interactions, or estimate potential Brook Trout responses to climate and land use changes.

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Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70117662,"text":"70117662 - 2015 - The effect of dilution and the use of a post-extraction nucleic acid purification column on the accuracy, precision, and inhibition of environmental DNA samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T13:55:37","indexId":"70117662","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of dilution and the use of a post-extraction nucleic acid purification column on the accuracy, precision, and inhibition of environmental DNA samples","docAbstract":"

Isolation of environmental DNA (eDNA) is an increasingly common method for detecting presence and assessing relative abundance of rare or elusive species in aquatic systems via the isolation of DNA from environmental samples and the amplification of species-specific sequences using quantitative PCR (qPCR). Co-extracted substances that inhibit qPCR can lead to inaccurate results and subsequent misinterpretation about a species’ status in the tested system. We tested three treatments (5-fold and 10-fold dilutions, and spin-column purification) for reducing qPCR inhibition from 21 partially and fully inhibited eDNA samples collected from coastal plain wetlands and mountain headwater streams in the southeastern USA. All treatments reduced the concentration of DNA in the samples. However, column purified samples retained the greatest sensitivity. For stream samples, all three treatments effectively reduced qPCR inhibition. However, for wetland samples, the 5-fold dilution was less effective than other treatments. Quantitative PCR results for column purified samples were more precise than the 5-fold and 10-fold dilutions by 2.2× and 3.7×, respectively. Column purified samples consistently underestimated qPCR-based DNA concentrations by approximately 25%, whereas the directional bias in qPCR-based DNA concentration estimates differed between stream and wetland samples for both dilution treatments. While the directional bias of qPCR-based DNA concentration estimates differed among treatments and locations, the magnitude of inaccuracy did not. Our results suggest that 10-fold dilution and column purification effectively reduce qPCR inhibition in mountain headwater stream and coastal plain wetland eDNA samples, and if applied to all samples in a study, column purification may provide the most accurate relative qPCR-based DNA concentrations estimates while retaining the greatest assay sensitivity.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.031","usgsCitation":"Mckee, A.M., Spear, S.F., and Pierson, T.W., 2015, The effect of dilution and the use of a post-extraction nucleic acid purification column on the accuracy, precision, and inhibition of environmental DNA samples: Biological Conservation, v. 183, p. 70-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.031.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"76","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058140","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297531,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297686,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000632071400456X"}],"volume":"183","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2abfe4b08de9379b31ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mckee, Anna M. amckee@usgs.gov","contributorId":465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mckee","given":"Anna","email":"amckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spear, Stephen F.","contributorId":120450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spear","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pierson, Todd W.","contributorId":115820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70141020,"text":"70141020 - 2015 - The role of tidal marsh restoration in fish management in the San Francisco Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T17:34:42.699594","indexId":"70141020","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3331,"text":"San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of tidal marsh restoration in fish management in the San Francisco Estuary","docAbstract":"

Tidal marsh restoration is an important management issue in the San Francisco Estuary (estuary). Restoration of large areas of tidal marsh is ongoing or planned in the lower estuary (up to 6,000 ha, Callaway et al. 2011). Large areas are proposed for restoration in the upper estuary under the Endangered Species Act biological opinions (3,237 ha) and the Bay Delta Conservation Plan (26,305 ha). In the lower estuary, tidal marsh has proven its value to a wide array of species that live within it (Palaima 2012). In the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta (Delta), one important function ascribed to restoration of freshwater tidal marshes is that they make large contributions to the food web of fish in open waters (BDCP 2013). The Ecosystem Restoration Program ascribed a suite of ecological functions to tidal marsh restoration, including habitat and food web benefits to native fish (CDFW 2010). This background was the basis for a symposium, Tidal Marshes and Native Fishes in the Delta: Will Restoration Make a Difference? held at the University of California, Davis, on June 10, 2013. This paper summarizes conclusions the authors drew from the symposium.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of California","doi":"10.15447/sfews.2014v12iss1art1","usgsCitation":"Herbold, B., Baltz, D., Brown, L.R., Grossinger, R., Kimmerer, W.J., Lehman, P.W., Simenstad, C.A., Wilcox, C., and Nobriga, M.L., 2015, The role of tidal marsh restoration in fish management in the San Francisco Estuary: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 12, no. 1, e1147j4nz, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2014v12iss1art1.","productDescription":"e1147j4nz, 6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048990","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472453,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2014v12iss1art1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381505,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.98645019531249,\n 37.413800350662875\n ],\n [\n -122.98645019531249,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -121.915283203125,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -121.915283203125,\n 37.413800350662875\n ],\n [\n -122.98645019531249,\n 37.413800350662875\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2ac2e4b08de9379b31e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herbold, Bruce","contributorId":51223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herbold","given":"Bruce","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baltz, Donald","contributorId":139252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baltz","given":"Donald","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grossinger, Robin","contributorId":139253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grossinger","given":"Robin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12703,"text":"San Francisco Estuary Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kimmerer, Wim J.","contributorId":59169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimmerer","given":"Wim","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6690,"text":"San Francisco State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lehman, Peggy W.","contributorId":96168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehman","given":"Peggy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7101,"text":"California Department of Water Resources, Geodetic Branch","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Simenstad, Charles A.","contributorId":88477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simenstad","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wilcox, Carl","contributorId":139255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilcox","given":"Carl","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nobriga, Matthew L.","contributorId":139254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nobriga","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70138828,"text":"70138828 - 2015 - Mycoplasma agassizii in Morafka's desert tortoise (Gopherus morafkai) in Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-23T10:39:59","indexId":"70138828","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mycoplasma agassizii in Morafka's desert tortoise (Gopherus morafkai) in Mexico","docAbstract":"

We conducted health evaluations of 69 wild and 22 captive Morafka's desert tortoises (Gopherus morafkai) in Mexico between 2005 and 2008. The wild tortoises were from 11 sites in the states of Sonora and Sinaloa, and the captive tortoises were from the state-managed Centro Ecológico de Sonora Zoo in Hermosillo and a private residence in the town of Alamos. We tested 88 tortoises for mycoplasmal upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for specific antibody and by culture and PCR for detection of Mycoplasma agassizii and Mycoplasma testudineum. Fifteen of 22 captive tortoises had one or more positive diagnostic test results for M. agassizii whereas no wild tortoises had positive tests. Tortoises with positive tests also had significantly more moderate and severe clinical signs of mycoplasmosis on beaks and nares compared to tortoises with negative tests. Captive tortoises also exhibited significantly more clinical signs of illness than did wild tortoises, including lethargy and moderate to severe ocular signs. The severity of trauma and diseases of the shell and integument did not differ significantly among tortoises by site; however, clinical signs of moderate to severe trauma and disease were more prevalent in older tortoises. Similar to research findings for other species in the genus Gopherusin the US, we found that URTD is an important disease in captive tortoises. If they escape or are released by intention or accident to the wild, captive tortoises are likely to pose risks to healthy, naïve wild populations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2014-04-083","usgsCitation":"Berry, K.H., Brown, M., Vaughn, M., Gowan, T.A., Hasskamp, M.A., and Torres, M.C., 2015, Mycoplasma agassizii in Morafka's desert tortoise (Gopherus morafkai) in Mexico: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 51, no. 1, p. 89-100, https://doi.org/10.7589/2014-04-083.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"100","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-009847","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Sinaloa, Sonora","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.4013671875,\n 17.392579271057766\n ],\n [\n -111.4013671875,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -100.7666015625,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -100.7666015625,\n 17.392579271057766\n ],\n [\n -111.4013671875,\n 17.392579271057766\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a48e4b08de9379b2fbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Mary B.","contributorId":48072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Mary B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vaughn, Mercy","contributorId":21881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaughn","given":"Mercy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gowan, Timothy A.","contributorId":138595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gowan","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12456,"text":"former USGS scientist","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hasskamp, Mary Ann","contributorId":138857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hasskamp","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":12549,"text":"independent biologist, Challis, Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Torres, Ma. Cristina Melendez","contributorId":138858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Torres","given":"Ma.","email":"","middleInitial":"Cristina Melendez","affiliations":[{"id":12550,"text":"Comision de Ecologia y Desarrollo Sustentable del Estado de Sonora","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70140317,"text":"70140317 - 2015 - Remote sensing of Sonoran Desert vegetation structure and phenology with ground-based LiDAR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-06T11:44:40","indexId":"70140317","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing of Sonoran Desert vegetation structure and phenology with ground-based LiDAR","docAbstract":"

Long-term vegetation monitoring efforts have become increasingly important for understanding ecosystem response to global change. Many traditional methods for monitoring can be infrequent and limited in scope. Ground-based LiDAR is one remote sensing method that offers a clear advancement to monitor vegetation dynamics at high spatial and temporal resolution. We determined the effectiveness of LiDAR to detect intra-annual variability in vegetation structure at a long-term Sonoran Desert monitoring plot dominated by cacti, deciduous and evergreen shrubs. Monthly repeat LiDAR scans of perennial plant canopies over the course of one year had high precision. LiDAR measurements of canopy height and area were accurate with respect to total station survey measurements of individual plants. We found an increase in the number of LiDAR vegetation returns following the wet North American Monsoon season. This intra-annual variability in vegetation structure detected by LiDAR was attributable to a drought deciduous shrub Ambrosia deltoidea, whereas the evergreen shrub Larrea tridentata and cactus Opuntia engelmannii had low variability. Benefits of using LiDAR over traditional methods to census desert plants are more rapid, consistent, and cost-effective data acquisition in a high-resolution, 3-dimensional context. We conclude that repeat LiDAR measurements can be an effective method for documenting ecosystem response to desert climatology and drought over short time intervals and at detailed-local spatial scale.

","language":"English","publisher":"MPDI","doi":"10.3390/rs70100342","usgsCitation":"Sankey, J.B., Munson, S.M., Webb, R., Wallace, C., and Duran, C.M., 2015, Remote sensing of Sonoran Desert vegetation structure and phenology with ground-based LiDAR: Remote Sensing, v. 7, no. 1, p. 342-359, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70100342.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"342","endPage":"359","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052905","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70100342","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297782,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Tucson","otherGeospatial":"Sonoran Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.02027893066406,\n 32.20524836577404\n ],\n [\n -111.02027893066406,\n 32.225145480676254\n ],\n [\n -110.98757743835449,\n 32.225145480676254\n ],\n [\n -110.98757743835449,\n 32.20524836577404\n ],\n [\n -111.02027893066406,\n 32.20524836577404\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2aa9e4b08de9379b316e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992 jsankey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":3935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel","email":"jsankey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webb, Robert H. rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":1573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert H.","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wallace, Cynthia S.A. cwallace@usgs.gov","contributorId":3335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Cynthia S.A.","email":"cwallace@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duran, Cesar M.","contributorId":139086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duran","given":"Cesar","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12649,"text":"School of Geography and Development, Uni. Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70138833,"text":"70138833 - 2015 - How much is new information worth? Evaluating the financial benefit of resolving management uncertainty","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-23T10:25:51","indexId":"70138833","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How much is new information worth? Evaluating the financial benefit of resolving management uncertainty","docAbstract":"
    \n
  1. \n
    \n

    Conservation decision-makers face a trade-off between spending limited funds on direct management action, or gaining new information in an attempt to improve management performance in the future. Value-of-information analysis can help to resolve this trade-off by evaluating how much management performance could improve if new information was gained. Value-of-information analysis has been used extensively in other disciplines, but there are only a few examples where it has informed conservation planning, none of which have used it to evaluate the financial value of gaining new information.

    \n
    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n
    \n

    We address this gap by applying value-of-information analysis to the management of a declining koala Phascolarctos cinereuspopulation. Decision-makers responsible for managing this population face uncertainty about survival and fecundity rates, and how habitat cover affects mortality threats. The value of gaining new information about these uncertainties was calculated using a deterministic matrix model of the koala population to find the expected population growth rate if koala mortality threats were optimally managed under alternative model hypotheses, which represented the uncertainties faced by koala managers.

    \n
    \n
    3. \n
  3. \n
    \n

    Gaining new information about survival and fecundity rates and the effect of habitat cover on mortality threats will do little to improve koala management. Across a range of management budgets, no more than 1·7% of the budget should be spent on resolving these uncertainties.

    \n
    \n
    4. \n
  4. \n
    \n

    The value of information was low because optimal management decisions were not sensitive to the uncertainties we considered. Decisions were instead driven by a substantial difference in the cost efficiency of management actions. The value of information was up to forty times higher when the cost efficiencies of different koala management actions were similar.

    \n
    \n
    5. \n
  5. \n
    \n

    Synthesis and applications. This study evaluates the ecological and financial benefits of gaining new information to inform a conservation problem. We also theoretically demonstrate that the value of reducing uncertainty is highest when it is not clear which management action is the most cost efficient. This study will help expand the use of value-of-information analyses in conservation by providing a cost efficiency metric by which to evaluate research or monitoring.

    \n
    \n
    6. \n
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12373","usgsCitation":"Maxwell, S.L., Rhodes, J.R., Runge, M.C., Possingham, H.P., Ng, C.F., and McDonald Madden, E., 2015, How much is new information worth? Evaluating the financial benefit of resolving management uncertainty: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 52, no. 1, p. 12-20, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12373.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060429","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297478,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a86e4b08de9379b30c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maxwell, Sean L.","contributorId":138862,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maxwell","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12552,"text":"University of Queensland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rhodes, Jonathan R.","contributorId":138863,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhodes","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12552,"text":"University of Queensland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Possingham, Hugh P.","contributorId":20882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Possingham","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12552,"text":"University of Queensland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ng, Chooi Fei","contributorId":138864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ng","given":"Chooi","email":"","middleInitial":"Fei","affiliations":[{"id":12552,"text":"University of Queensland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McDonald Madden, Eve","contributorId":65978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald Madden","given":"Eve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12552,"text":"University of Queensland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70134236,"text":"70134236 - 2015 - BET surface area distributions in polar stream sediments: Implications for silicate weathering in a cold-arid environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-21T17:26:21.88861","indexId":"70134236","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-25T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"BET surface area distributions in polar stream sediments: Implications for silicate weathering in a cold-arid environment","docAbstract":"

BET surface area values are critical for quantifying the amount of potentially reactive sediments available for chemical weathering and ultimately, prediction of silicate weathering fluxes. BET surface area values of fine-grained (<62.5 μm) sediment from the hyporheic zone of polar glacial streams in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (Wright and Taylor Valleys) exhibit a wide range (2.5–70.6 m2/g) of surface area values. Samples from one (Delta Stream, Taylor Valley) of the four sampled stream transects exhibit high values (up to 70.6 m2/g), which greatly exceed surface area values from three temperate proglacial streams (0.3–12.1 m2/g). Only Clark stream in Wright Valley exhibits a robust trend with distance, wherein surface area systematically decreases (and particle size increases) in the mud fraction downstream, interpreted to reflect rapid dissolution processes in the weathering environment. The remaining transects exhibit a range in variability in surface area distributions along the length of the channel, likely related to variations in eolian input to exposed channel beds, adjacent snow drifts, and to glacier surfaces, where dust is trapped and subsequently liberated during summer melting. Additionally, variations in stream discharge rate, which mobilizes sediment in pulses and influences water:rock ratios, the origin and nature of the underlying drift material, and the contribution of organic acids may play significant roles in the production and mobilization of high-surface area sediment. This study highlights the presence of sediments with high surface area in cold-based glacier systems, which influences models of chemical denudation rates and the impact of glacial systems on the global carbon cycle.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.11.005","usgsCitation":"Marra, K.R., Elwood Madden, M.E., Soreghan, G.S., and Hall, B.L., 2015, BET surface area distributions in polar stream sediments: Implications for silicate weathering in a cold-arid environment: Applied Geochemistry, v. 52, p. 31-42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.11.005.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057956","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296299,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica, Taylor Valley, Wright Valley","volume":"52","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54759a18e4b042f27ef134c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marra, Kristen R. 0000-0001-8027-5255 kmarra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8027-5255","contributorId":4844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marra","given":"Kristen","email":"kmarra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elwood Madden, Megan E","contributorId":127580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elwood Madden","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":7062,"text":"University of Oklahoma","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Soreghan, Gerilyn S.","contributorId":101726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soreghan","given":"Gerilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hall, Brenda L","contributorId":127581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173454,"text":"70173454 - 2015 - Evaluating changes in stream fish species richness over a 50-year time-period within a landscape context","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T12:03:29","indexId":"70173454","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating changes in stream fish species richness over a 50-year time-period within a landscape context","docAbstract":"

Worldwide, streams and rivers are facing a suite of pressures that alter water quality and degrade physical habitat, both of which can lead to changes in the composition and richness of fish populations. These potential changes are of particular importance in the Southeast USA, home to one of the richest stream fish assemblages in North America. Using data from 83 stream sites in North Carolina sampled in the 1960’s and the past decade, we used hierarchical Bayesian models to evaluate relationships between species richness and catchment land use and land cover (e.g., agriculture and forest cover). In addition, we examined how the rate of change in species richness over 50 years was related to catchment land use and land cover. We found a negative and positive correlation between forest land cover and agricultural land use and average species richness, respectively. After controlling for introduced species, most (66 %) stream sites showed an increase in native fish species richness, and the magnitude of the rate of increase was positively correlated to the amount of forested land cover in the catchment. Site-specific trends in species richness were not positive, on average, until the percentage forest cover in the network catchment exceeded about 55 %. These results suggest that streams with catchments that have moderate to high (>55 %) levels of forested land in upstream network catchments may be better able to increase the number of native species at a faster rate compared to less-forested catchments.

","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10641-014-0359-z","usgsCitation":"Midway, S.R., Wagner, T., Tracy, B.H., Hogue, G.M., and Starnes, W.C., 2015, Evaluating changes in stream fish species richness over a 50-year time-period within a landscape context: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 98, no. 5, p. 1295-1309, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-014-0359-z.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1295","endPage":"1309","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052108","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323988,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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H.","contributorId":172160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tracy","given":"Bryn","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hogue, Gabriela M.","contributorId":172161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hogue","given":"Gabriela","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Starnes, Wayne C.","contributorId":152491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Starnes","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70134234,"text":"70134234 - 2015 - Pesticide concentrations in frog tissue and wetland habitats in alandscape dominated by agriculture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:43:20","indexId":"70134234","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-24T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticide concentrations in frog tissue and wetland habitats in alandscape dominated by agriculture","docAbstract":"

Habitat loss and exposure to pesticides are likely primary factors contributing to amphibian decline in agricultural landscapes. Conservation efforts have attempted to restore wetlands lost through landscape modifications to reduce contaminant loads in surface waters and providing quality habitat to wildlife. The benefits of this increased wetland area, perhaps especially for amphibians, may be negated if habitat quality is insufficient to support persistent populations. We examined the presence of pesticides and nutrients in water and sediment as indicators of habitat quality and assessed the bioaccumulation of pesticides in the tissue of two native amphibian species Pseudacris maculata (chorus frogs) and Lithobates pipiens (leopard frogs) at six wetlands (3 restored and 3 reference) in Iowa, USA. Restored wetlands are positioned on the landscape to receive subsurface tile drainage water while reference wetlands receive water from overland run-off and shallow groundwater sources. Concentrations of the pesticides frequently detected in water and sediment samples were not different between wetland types. The median concentration of atrazine in surface water was 0.2 μg/L. Reproductive abnormalities in leopard frogs have been observed in other studies at these concentrations. Nutrient concentrations were higher in the restored wetlands but lower than concentrations thought lethal to frogs. Complex mixtures of pesticides including up to 8 fungicides, some previously unreported in tissue, were detected with concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 1500 μg/kg wet weight. No significant differences in pesticide concentrations were observed between species, although concentrations tended to be higher in leopard frogs compared to chorus frogs, possibly because of differences in life histories. Our results provide information on habitat quality in restored wetlands that will assist state and federal agencies, landowners, and resource managers in identifying and implementing conservation and management actions for these and similar wetlands in agriculturally dominated landscapes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.114","usgsCitation":"Smalling, K., Reeves, R., Muths, E.L., Vandever, M.W., Battaglin, W.A., Hladik, M., and Pierce, C.L., 2015, Pesticide concentrations in frog tissue and wetland habitats in alandscape dominated by agriculture: Science of the Total Environment, v. 502, p. 80-90, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.114.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"90","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056800","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":350,"text":"Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/99","text":"External Repository"},{"id":296274,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.50439453125,\n 41.85115059465234\n ],\n [\n -94.50439453125,\n 42.28950073090457\n ],\n [\n -92.8289794921875,\n 42.28950073090457\n ],\n [\n -92.8289794921875,\n 41.85115059465234\n ],\n [\n -94.50439453125,\n 41.85115059465234\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"502","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ae02ae4b0da0a54dbb611","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smalling, Kelly L. ksmall@usgs.gov","contributorId":1370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly L.","email":"ksmall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reeves, Rebecca","contributorId":127566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reeves","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132 muthse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":1260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","email":"muthse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vandever, Mark W. vandeverm@usgs.gov","contributorId":3004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandever","given":"Mark","email":"vandeverm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hladik, Michelle 0000-0002-0891-2712 mhladik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"Michelle","email":"mhladik@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pierce, Clay L. cpierce@usgs.gov","contributorId":525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Clay","email":"cpierce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":350,"text":"Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70169868,"text":"70169868 - 2015 - Climate-induced range contraction of a rare alpine aquatic invertebrate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-28T11:56:22","indexId":"70169868","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-24T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-induced range contraction of a rare alpine aquatic invertebrate","docAbstract":"

Climate warming poses a serious threat to alpine-restricted species worldwide, yet few studies have empirically documented climate-induced changes in distributions. The rare stonefly, Zapada glacier (Baumann and Gaufin), endemic to alpine streams of Glacier National Park (GNP), Montana, was recently petitioned for listing under the US Endangered Species Act because of climate-change-induced glacier loss, yet little was known about its current status and distribution. We resampled streams throughout the historical distribution of Z. glacier to investigate trends in occurrence associated with changes in temperature and glacial extent. The current geographic distribution of the species was assessed using morphological characteristics of adults and DNA barcoding of nymphs. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of mtDNA data revealed 8 distinct clades of the genus corresponding with 7 known species from GNP, and one potentially cryptic species. Climate model simulations indicate that average summer air temperature increased (0.67–1.00°C) during the study period (1960–2012), and glacial surface area decreased by ∼35% from 1966 to 2005. We detected Z. glacier in only 1 of the 6 historically occupied streams and at 2 new locations in GNP. These results suggest that an extremely restricted historical distribution of Z. glacierin GNP has been further reduced over the past several decades by an upstream retreat to higher, cooler sites as water temperatures increased and glacial masses decreased. More research is urgently needed to determine the status, distribution, and vulnerability of Z. glacier and other alpine stream invertebrates threatened by climate change in mountainous ecosystems.

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Joseph 0000-0001-7818-3941 jgiersch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7818-3941","contributorId":4022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giersch","given":"J. Joseph","email":"jgiersch@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":625384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jordan, Steve","contributorId":168297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jordan","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25242,"text":"Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":625385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luikart, Gordon","contributorId":97409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luikart","given":"Gordon","affiliations":[{"id":6580,"text":"University of Montana, Flathead Lake Biological Station, Polson, Montana 59860, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":625386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, Leslie A. 0000-0002-4953-7189 lajones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4953-7189","contributorId":4599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Leslie","email":"lajones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hauer, F. Richard","contributorId":76892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauer","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70135920,"text":"70135920 - 2015 - Testing the nutritional-limitation, predator-avoidance, and storm-avoidance hypotheses for restricted sea otter habitat use in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-23T16:21:59","indexId":"70135920","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing the nutritional-limitation, predator-avoidance, and storm-avoidance hypotheses for restricted sea otter habitat use in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska","docAbstract":"

Sea otters (Enhydra lutris) inhabiting the Aleutian Islands have stabilized at low abundance levels following a decline and currently exhibit restricted habitat-utilization patterns. Possible explanations for restricted habitat use by sea otters can be classified into two fundamentally different processes, bottom-up and top-down forcing. Bottom-up hypotheses argue that changes in the availability or nutritional quality of prey resources have led to the selective use of habitats that support the highest quality prey. In contrast, top-down hypotheses argue that increases in predation pressure from killer whales have led to the selective use of habitats that provide the most effective refuge from killer whale predation. A third hypothesis suggests that current restricted habitat use is based on a need for protection from storms. We tested all three hypotheses for restricted habitat use by comparing currently used and historically used sea otter foraging locations for: (1) prey availability and quality, (2) structural habitat complexity, and (3) exposure to prevailing storms. Our findings suggest that current use is based on physical habitat complexity and not on prey availability, prey quality, or protection from storms, providing further evidence for killer whale predation as a cause for restricted sea otter habitat use in the Aleutian Islands.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-014-3149-6","usgsCitation":"Stewart, N.L., Konar, B., and Tinker, M.T., 2015, Testing the nutritional-limitation, predator-avoidance, and storm-avoidance hypotheses for restricted sea otter habitat use in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska: Oecologia, v. 177, no. 3, p. 645-655, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-3149-6.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"645","endPage":"655","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032385","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296821,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Islands, Adak Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -177.0611572265625,\n 51.53950234032649\n ],\n [\n -177.0611572265625,\n 51.951036645095904\n ],\n [\n -176.275634765625,\n 51.951036645095904\n ],\n [\n -176.275634765625,\n 51.53950234032649\n ],\n [\n -177.0611572265625,\n 51.53950234032649\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"177","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2abce4b08de9379b31ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, Nathan L.","contributorId":131033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Konar, Brenda","contributorId":131034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Konar","given":"Brenda","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70143001,"text":"70143001 - 2015 - Character, distribution, and ecological significance of storm wave-induced scour in Rhode Island Sound, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-17T12:03:14","indexId":"70143001","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-21T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Character, distribution, and ecological significance of storm wave-induced scour in Rhode Island Sound, USA","docAbstract":"

Multibeam bathymetry, collected during NOAA hydrographic surveys in 2008 and 2009, is coupled with USGS data from sampling and photographic stations to map the seabed morphology and composition of Rhode Island Sound along the US Atlantic coast, and to provide information on sediment transport and benthic habitats. Patchworks of scour depressions cover large areas on seaward-facing slopes and bathymetric highs in the sound. These depressions average 0.5-0.8 m deep and occur in water depths reaching as much as 42 m. They have relatively steep well-defined sides and coarser-grained floors, and vary strongly in shape, size, and configuration. Some individual scour depressions have apparently expanded to combine with adjacent depressions, forming larger eroded areas that commonly contain outliers of the original seafloor sediments. Where cobbles and scattered boulders are present on the depression floors, the muddy Holocene sands have been completely removed and the winnowed relict Pleistocene deposits exposed. Low tidal-current velocities and the lack of obstacle marks suggest that bidirectional tidal currents alone are not capable of forming these features. These depressions are formed and maintained under high-energy shelf conditions owing to repetitive cyclic loading imposed by high-amplitude, long-period, storm-driven waves that reduce the effective shear strength of the sediment, cause resuspension, and expose the suspended sediments to erosion by wind-driven and tidal currents. Because epifauna dominate on gravel floors of the depressions and infauna are prevalent in the finer-grained Holocene deposits, it is concluded that the resultant close juxtaposition of silty sand-, sand-, and gravel-dependent communities promotes regional faunal complexity. These findings expand on earlier interpretations, documenting how storm wave-induced scour produces sorted bedforms that control much of the benthic geologic and biologic diversity in Rhode Island Sound.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"Heidelberg","doi":"10.1007/s00367-014-0392-0","usgsCitation":"McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L.J., and Parker, C.E., 2015, Character, distribution, and ecological significance of storm wave-induced scour in Rhode Island Sound, USA: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 35, no. 2, p. 135-144, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-014-0392-0.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060897","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472455,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/7246","text":"External Repository"},{"id":298620,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.48529052734375,\n 41.372686481864655\n ],\n [\n -71.48529052734375,\n 41.55997677258171\n ],\n [\n -71.27517700195312,\n 41.55997677258171\n ],\n [\n -71.27517700195312,\n 41.372686481864655\n ],\n [\n -71.48529052734375,\n 41.372686481864655\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5509502ae4b02e76d757e608","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMullen, Katherine Y. kmcmullen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMullen","given":"Katherine","email":"kmcmullen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poppe, Lawrence J. lpoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":139521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Lawrence","email":"lpoppe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, Castle E.","contributorId":28684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Castle","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12448,"text":"U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70133844,"text":"70133844 - 2015 - Scale-dependent feedbacks between patch size and plant reproduction in desert grassland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-09T15:32:06","indexId":"70133844","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-20T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scale-dependent feedbacks between patch size and plant reproduction in desert grassland","docAbstract":"

Theoretical models suggest that scale-dependent feedbacks between plant reproductive success and plant patch size govern transitions from highly to sparsely vegetated states in drylands, yet there is scant empirical evidence for these mechanisms. Scale-dependent feedback models suggest that an optimal patch size exists for growth and reproduction of plants and that a threshold patch organization exists below which positive feedbacks between vegetation and resources can break down, leading to critical transitions. We examined the relationship between patch size and plant reproduction using an experiment in a Chihuahuan Desert grassland. We tested the hypothesis that reproductive effort and success of a dominant grass (Bouteloua eriopoda) would vary predictably with patch size. We found that focal plants in medium-sized patches featured higher rates of grass reproductive success than when plants occupied either large patch interiors or small patches. These patterns support the existence of scale-dependent feedbacks in Chihuahuan Desert grasslands and indicate an optimal patch size for reproductive effort and success in B. eriopoda. We discuss the implications of these results for detecting ecological thresholds in desert grasslands.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s10021-014-9818-9","usgsCitation":"Svejcar, L.N., Bestelmeyer, B.T., Duniway, M.C., and James, D.K., 2015, Scale-dependent feedbacks between patch size and plant reproduction in desert grassland: Ecosystems, v. 18, no. 1, p. 146-153, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-014-9818-9.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"153","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048974","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296238,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Chihuahuan Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.89285278320312,\n 32.43445398335842\n ],\n [\n -106.89285278320312,\n 32.786120011700625\n ],\n [\n -106.53030395507812,\n 32.786120011700625\n ],\n [\n -106.53030395507812,\n 32.43445398335842\n ],\n [\n -106.89285278320312,\n 32.43445398335842\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546f10fee4b057be23d4a7af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Svejcar, Lauren N.","contributorId":127492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Svejcar","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6973,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range and Jornada Basin LTER, Las Cruces, NM; New Mexico State University, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Las Cruces, NM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.","contributorId":26180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bestelmeyer","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6973,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range and Jornada Basin LTER, Las Cruces, NM; New Mexico State University, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Las Cruces, NM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"James, Darren K.","contributorId":58166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"James","given":"Darren","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6973,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range and Jornada Basin LTER, Las Cruces, NM; New Mexico State University, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Las Cruces, NM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70131490,"text":"70131490 - 2015 - Assessing the impacts of climate and land use and land cover change on the freshwater availability in the Brahmaputra River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T10:09:19","indexId":"70131490","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-19T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"subseriesTitle":"Regional Studies","title":"Assessing the impacts of climate and land use and land cover change on the freshwater availability in the Brahmaputra River basin","docAbstract":"

Study Region: Brahmaputra River basin in South Asia.

\n

 

\n

Study Focus: The Soil and Water Assessment Tool was used to evaluate sensitivities and patterns in freshwater availability due to projected climate and land use changes in the Brahmaputra basin. The daily observed discharge at Bahadurabad station in Bangladesh was used to calibrate and validate the model and analyze uncertainties with a sequential uncertainty fitting algorithm. The sensitivities and impacts of projected climate and land use changes on basin hydrological components were simulated for the A1B and A2 scenarios and analyzed relative to a baseline scenario of 1988–2004.

\n

 

\n

New hydrological insights for the region: Basin average annual ET was found to be sensitive to changes in CO2 concentration and temperature, while total water yield, streamflow, and groundwater recharge were sensitive to changes in precipitation. The basin hydrological components were predicted to increase with seasonal variability in response to climate and land use change scenarios. Strong increasing trends were predicted for total water yield, streamflow, and groundwater recharge, indicating exacerbation of flooding potential during August–October, but strong decreasing trends were predicted, indicating exacerbation of drought potential during May–July of the 21st century. The model has potential to facilitate strategic decision making through scenario generation integrating climate change adaptation and hazard mitigation policies to ensure optimized allocation of water resources under a variable and changing climate.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.003","usgsCitation":"Pervez, M., and Henebry, G.M., 2015, Assessing the impacts of climate and land use and land cover change on the freshwater availability in the Brahmaputra River basin: Journal of Hydrology, v. 3, p. 285-311, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.003.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"311","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056504","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296194,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Bangladesh","otherGeospatial":"Brahmaputra River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 81.8701171875,\n 20.097206227083888\n ],\n [\n 81.8701171875,\n 32.175612478499325\n ],\n [\n 104.4580078125,\n 32.175612478499325\n ],\n [\n 104.4580078125,\n 20.097206227083888\n ],\n [\n 81.8701171875,\n 20.097206227083888\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546db11ae4b0fc7976bf1e1d","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.003","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.003","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Pervez Md Shahriar, Henebry Geoffrey M.","journalName":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","publicationDate":"3/2015","auditedOn":"11/26/2014","publiclyAccessibleDate":"9/27/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pervez, Md Shahriar 0000-0003-3417-1871 spervez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-1871","contributorId":3099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pervez","given":"Md Shahriar","email":"spervez@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":521265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henebry, Geoffrey M.","contributorId":124528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henebry","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5087,"text":"Geographic Information Science Center of Excellence (GIScCE), South Dakota State University, Brookings, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":521266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70131491,"text":"70131491 - 2015 - Spatial and seasonal responses of precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra river basins to ENSO and Indian Ocean dipole modes: Implications for flooding and drought","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-10T12:54:52","indexId":"70131491","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-18T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2824,"text":"Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and seasonal responses of precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra river basins to ENSO and Indian Ocean dipole modes: Implications for flooding and drought","docAbstract":"

We evaluated the spatial and seasonal responses of precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra basins as modulated by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) modes using Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) full data reanalysis of monthly global land-surface precipitation data from 1901 to 2010 with a spatial resolution of 0.5° × 0.5°. The GPCC monthly total precipitation climatology targeting the period 1951–2000 was used to compute gridded monthly anomalies for the entire time period. The gridded monthly anomalies were averaged for the years influenced by combinations of climate modes. Occurrences of El Niño alone significantly reduce (88% of the long-term average (LTA)) precipitation during the monsoon months in the western and southeastern Ganges Basin. In contrast, occurrences of La Niña and co-occurrences of La Niña and negative IOD events significantly enhance (110 and 109% of LTA in the Ganges and Brahmaputra Basin, respectively) precipitation across both basins. When El Niño co-occurs with positive IOD events, the impacts of El Niño on the basins' precipitation diminishes. When there is no active ENSO or IOD events (occurring in 41 out of 110 years), precipitation remains below average (95% of LTA) in the agriculturally intensive areas of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Western Nepal in the Ganges Basin, whereas precipitation remains average to above average (104% of LTA) across the Brahmaputra Basin. This pattern implies that a regular water deficit is likely, especially in the Ganges Basin, with implications for the agriculture sector due to its reliance on consistent rainfall for successful production. Historically, major droughts occurred during El Niño and co-occurrences of El Niño and positive IOD events, while major flooding occurred during La Niña and co-occurrences of La Niña and negative IOD events in the basins. This observational analysis will facilitate well-informed decision making in minimizing natural hazard risks and climate impacts on agriculture, and supports development of strategies ensuring optimized use of water resources in best management practice under a changing climate.

","language":"English","publisher":"European Geophysical Society","publisherLocation":"Katienburg-Lindau, Germany","doi":"10.5194/nhess-15-147-2015","usgsCitation":"Pervez, M., and Henebry, G.M., 2015, Spatial and seasonal responses of precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra river basins to ENSO and Indian Ocean dipole modes: Implications for flooding and drought: Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, v. 2, p. 147-162, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-147-2015.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"162","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049481","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472457,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-147-2015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296144,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India","otherGeospatial":"Brahmaputra Basin, Ganges Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 77.0361328125,\n 21.657428197370653\n ],\n [\n 103.22753906249999,\n 21.657428197370653\n ],\n [\n 103.22753906249999,\n 30.637912028341123\n ],\n [\n 77.0361328125,\n 30.637912028341123\n ],\n [\n 77.0361328125,\n 21.657428197370653\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546c6437e4b068a3ebb6f026","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pervez, Md Shahriar 0000-0003-3417-1871 spervez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-1871","contributorId":3099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pervez","given":"Md Shahriar","email":"spervez@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":521267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henebry, Geoffry M.","contributorId":124529,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henebry","given":"Geoffry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":521268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70137252,"text":"70137252 - 2015 - Vegetation controls on weathering intensity during the last deglacial transition in southeast Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T14:03:03","indexId":"70137252","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation controls on weathering intensity during the last deglacial transition in southeast Africa","docAbstract":"

Tropical climate is rapidly changing, but the effects of these changes on the geosphere are unknown, despite a likelihood of climatically-induced changes on weathering and erosion. The lack of long, continuous paleo-records prevents an examination of terrestrial responses to climate change with sufficient detail to answer questions about how systems behaved in the past and may alter in the future. We use high-resolution records of pollen, clay mineralogy, and particle size from a drill core from Lake Malawi, southeast Africa, to examine atmosphere-biosphere-geosphere interactions during the last deglaciation (~18–9 ka), a period of dramatic temperature and hydrologic changes. The results demonstrate that climatic controls on Lake Malawi vegetation are critically important to weathering processes and erosion patterns during the deglaciation. At 18 ka, afromontane forests dominated but were progressively replaced by tropical seasonal forest, as summer rainfall increased. Despite indication of decreased rainfall, drought-intolerant forest persisted through the Younger Dryas (YD) resulting from a shorter dry season. Following the YD, an intensified summer monsoon and increased rainfall seasonality were coeval with forest decline and expansion of drought-tolerant miombo woodland. Clay minerals closely track the vegetation record, with high ratios of kaolinite to smectite (K/S) indicating heavy leaching when forest predominates, despite variable rainfall. In the early Holocene, when rainfall and temperature increased (effective moisture remained low), open woodlands expansion resulted in decreased K/S, suggesting a reduction in chemical weathering intensity. Terrigenous sediment mass accumulation rates also increased, suggesting critical linkages among open vegetation and erosion during intervals of enhanced summer rainfall. This study shows a strong, direct influence of vegetation composition on weathering intensity in the tropics. As climate change will likely impact this interplay between the biosphere and geosphere, tropical landscape change could lead to deleterious effects on soil and water quality in regions with little infrastructure for mitigation.

","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0112855","usgsCitation":"Ivory, S., McGlue, M.M., Ellis, G.S., Lézine, A., Cohen, A.S., and Vincens, A., 2015, Vegetation controls on weathering intensity during the last deglacial transition in southeast Africa: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 11, e112855: 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112855.","productDescription":"e112855: 11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057713","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112855","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Malawi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 33.486328125,\n -9.492408153765531\n ],\n [\n 34.6728515625,\n -9.275622176792098\n ],\n [\n 35.595703125,\n -14.647368383896632\n ],\n [\n 34.4091796875,\n -14.732386081418467\n ],\n [\n 33.486328125,\n -9.492408153765531\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2ac9e4b08de9379b3209","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivory, Sarah J.","contributorId":138493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ivory","given":"Sarah J.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGlue, Michael M. mmcglue@usgs.gov","contributorId":4091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGlue","given":"Michael","email":"mmcglue@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":537575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, Geoffrey S. 0000-0003-4519-3320 gsellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3320","contributorId":1058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gsellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lézine, Anne-Marie","contributorId":138495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lézine","given":"Anne-Marie","affiliations":[{"id":12426,"text":"LOCEAN, CNRS, Paris, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cohen, Andrew S.","contributorId":100989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vincens, Annie","contributorId":138497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vincens","given":"Annie","affiliations":[{"id":12427,"text":"CEREGE, CNRS, Aix-en-Provence, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70168421,"text":"70168421 - 2015 - Pronounced chemical response of Subarctic lakes to climate-driven losses in surface area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-19T19:52:30","indexId":"70168421","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-17T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pronounced chemical response of Subarctic lakes to climate-driven losses in surface area","docAbstract":"

Losses in lake area have been observed for several Arctic and Subarctic regions in recent decades, with unknown consequences for lake ecosystems. These reductions are primarily attributed to two climate-sensitive mechanisms, both of which may also cause changes in water chemistry: (i) increased imbalance of evaporation relative to inflow, whereby increased evaporation and decreased inflow act to concentrate solutes into smaller volumes; and (ii) accelerated permafrost degradation, which enhances sublacustrine drainage while simultaneously leaching previously frozen solutes into lakes. We documented changes in nutrients [total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP)] and ions (calcium, chloride, magnesium, sodium) over a 25 year interval in shrinking, stable, and expanding Subarctic lakes of the Yukon Flats, Alaska. Concentrations of all six solutes increased in shrinking lakes from 1985–1989 to 2010–2012, while simultaneously undergoing little change in stable or expanding lakes. This created a present-day pattern, much weaker or absent in the 1980s, in which shrinking lakes had higher solute concentrations than their stable or expanding counterparts. An imbalanced evaporation-to-inflow ratio (E/I) was the most likely mechanism behind such changes; all four ions, which behave semiconservatively and are prone to evapoconcentration, increased in shrinking lakes and, along with TN and TP, were positively related to isotopically derived E/I estimates. Moreover, the most conservative ion, chloride, increased >500% in shrinking lakes. Conversely, only TP concentration was related to probability of permafrost presence, being highest at intermediate probabilities. Overall, the substantial increases of nutrients (TN >200%, TP >100%) and ions (>100%) may shift shrinking lakes towards overly eutrophic or saline states, with potentially severe consequences for ecosystems of northern lakes.

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environments","docAbstract":"

Emigration was evaluated for hatchery Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) microjacks (age-1 mature males) and immature parr (age-1 juveniles, both sexes) released from both a hatchery and a natural stream (fish released as fry). In the hatchery, volitional releases (∼14 to 15 months post-fertilization) to an adjacent river occurred during October–November. The hatchery release was monitored by using an experimental volitional release that diverted fish to a neighboring raceway. Fish captured during the experimental release (range 361–4,321 volitional migrants) were made up of microjacks and immature parr. Microjacks were found only in the migrant samples, averaged 18% (range 0–52%) of all migrants, and were rarely found in non-migrant samples. In comparison, immature parr were common in both the migrant and non-migrant samples. Microjacks were significantly longer (9%), heavier (36%), and had a greater condition factor (16%) than migrant immature parr (P<0.01). In addition, they differed significantly (P<0.01) from non-migrant immature parr; 10% longer, 44% heavier and 14% greater condition factor. In natural streams, microjacks were captured significantly earlier (P<0.01) than immature parr during the late-summer/fall migration and comprised 9–89% of all fish captured. Microjacks have the potential to contribute to natural spawning populations but can also represent a loss of productivity to hatchery programs or create negative effects by introducing non-native genes to wild populations and should be monitored by fishery managers.

","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/022014-JFWM-013","usgsCitation":"Hayes, M.C., Rubin, S.P., Reisenbichler, R.R., and Wetzel, L.A., 2015, Migratory behavior of Chinook salmon microjacks reared in artificial and natural environments: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 6, no. 1, p. 176-186, https://doi.org/10.3996/022014-JFWM-013.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"176","endPage":"186","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054750","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472459,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/022014-jfwm-013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296007,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546476a0e4b0ba83040c935b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, Michael C. 0000-0002-9060-0565 mhayes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0565","contributorId":3017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Michael","email":"mhayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, Steve P. 0000-0003-3054-7173 srubin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3054-7173","contributorId":3018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"Steve","email":"srubin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reisenbichler, Reginald R.","contributorId":20623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reisenbichler","given":"Reginald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wetzel, Lisa A. 0000-0003-3178-9940 lwetzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3178-9940","contributorId":3016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetzel","given":"Lisa","email":"lwetzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188390,"text":"70188390 - 2015 - The 2011 Virginia M5.8 earthquake: Insights from seismic reflection imaging into the influence of older structures on eastern U.S. seismicity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T14:47:50","indexId":"70188390","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5198,"text":"Geological Society of America Special Papers ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2011 Virginia M5.8 earthquake: Insights from seismic reflection imaging into the influence of older structures on eastern U.S. seismicity","docAbstract":"

The Mineral, Virginia (USA), earthquake of 23 August 2011 occurred at 6– 8 km depth within the allochthonous terranes of the Appalachian Piedmont Province, rupturing an ~N36°E striking reverse fault dipping ~50° southeast. This study used the Interstate Highway 64 seismic refl ection profi le acquired ~6 km southwest of the hypocenter to examine the structural setting of the earthquake. The profi le shows that the 2011 earthquake and its aftershocks are almost entirely within the early Paleozoic Chopawamsic volcanic arc terrane, which is bounded by listric thrust faults dipping 30°–40° southeast that sole out into an ~2-km-thick, strongly refl ective zone at 7– 12 km depth. Refl ectors above and below the southward projection of the 2011 earthquake focal plane do not show evidence for large displacement, and the updip projection of the fault plane does not match either the location or trend of a previously mapped fault or lithologic boundary. The 2011 earthquake thus does not appear to be a simple reactivation of a known Paleozoic thrust fault or a major Mesozoic rift basin-boundary fault. The fault that ruptured appears to be a new fault, a fault with only minor displacement, or to not extend the ~3 km from the aftershock zone to the seismic profi le. Although the Paleozoic structures appear to infl uence the general distribution of seismicity in the area, Central Virginia seismic zone earthquakes have yet to be tied directly to specifi c fault systems mapped at the surface or imaged on seismic profiles.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2014.2509(16)","usgsCitation":"Pratt, T.L., Horton, J.W., Spear, D., Gilmer, A., and McNamara, D.E., 2015, The 2011 Virginia M5.8 earthquake: Insights from seismic reflection imaging into the influence of older structures on eastern U.S. seismicity: Geological Society of America Special Papers , v. 509, p. 285-294, https://doi.org/10.1130/2014.2509(16).","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"285","endPage":"294","ipdsId":"IP-049229","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342260,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Mineral","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.0963134765625,\n 37.91170058826019\n ],\n [\n -77.64862060546875,\n 37.91170058826019\n ],\n [\n -77.64862060546875,\n 38.18854556604565\n ],\n [\n -78.0963134765625,\n 38.18854556604565\n ],\n [\n -78.0963134765625,\n 37.91170058826019\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"509","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593910b4e4b0764e6c5e88ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pratt, Thomas L. 0000-0003-3131-3141 tpratt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-3141","contributorId":3279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thomas","email":"tpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horton, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365 whorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":173694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"whorton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wright","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":697515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spear, D.B.","contributorId":192727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spear","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gilmer, A.K.","contributorId":192728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilmer","given":"A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McNamara, Daniel E. 0000-0001-6860-0350 mcnamara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-0350","contributorId":402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Daniel","email":"mcnamara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70134830,"text":"70134830 - 2015 - Cyclic avian mass mortality in the northeastern United States is associated with a novel orthomyxovirus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T13:47:43","indexId":"70134830","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2497,"text":"Journal of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cyclic avian mass mortality in the northeastern United States is associated with a novel orthomyxovirus","docAbstract":"

Since 1998, cyclic mortality events in common eiders (Somateria mollissima), numbering in the hundreds to thousands of dead birds, have been documented along the coast of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA. Although longitudinal disease investigations have uncovered potential contributing factors responsible for these outbreaks, detecting a primary etiological agent has proven enigmatic. Here we identify a novel orthomyxovirus, tentatively named Wellfleet Bay virus (WFBV), as a potential causative agent of these outbreaks. Genomic analysis of WFBV revealed that it is most closely related to members of the Quaranjavirus genus within the family Orthomyxoviridae. Similar to other members of the genus, WFBV contains an alphabaculovirus gp64-like glycoprotein, which was demonstrated to have fusion activity, and also tentatively suggests that ticks (and/or insects) may vector the virus in nature. However, in addition to the six RNA segments encoding the prototypical structural proteins identified in other quaranjaviruses, a previously unknown RNA segment (segment 7) encoding a novel protein designated as VP7 was discovered in WFBV. Although WFBV shows low to moderate levels of sequence similarity to Quaranfil virus and Johnston Atoll virus, the original members of the Quaranjavirus genus, additional antigenic and genetic analyses demonstrated that it is closely related to the recently identified Cygnet River virus (CyRV) from South Australia, suggesting that WFBV and CyRV may be geographic variants of the same virus. Although the identification of WFBV in part may resolve the enigma of these mass mortality events, the details of the ecology and epidemiology of the virus remain to be determined.

\n

 

\n

Importance The emergence or reemergence of viral pathogens resulting in large-scale outbreaks of disease in humans and/or animals is one of the most important challenges facing biomedicine. For example, understanding how orthomyxoviruses such as novel influenza A virus reassortants and/or mutants emerge to cause epidemic or pandemic disease is at the forefront of current global health concerns. Here we describe the emergence of a novel orthomyxovirus, Wellfleet Bay virus (WFBV), which has been associated with cyclic large-scale bird die-offs in the northeastern United States. This initial characterization study provides a foundation for further research into the evolution, epidemiology, and ecology of newly emerging orthomyxoviruses, such as WFBV, and their potential impacts on animal and/or human health.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/JVI.02019-14","usgsCitation":"Allison, A.B., Ballard, J.R., Tesh, R.B., Brown, J.D., Ruder, M.G., Keel, M.K., Munk, B.A., Mickley, R.M., Gibbs, S., Ellis, J.C., Travassos da Rosac, A.P., Ip, S., Shearn-Bochsler, V.I., Rogers, M.B., Gheldin, E., Holmes, E., Parrish, C.R., and Dwyer, C.P., 2015, Cyclic avian mass mortality in the northeastern United States is associated with a novel orthomyxovirus: Journal of Virology, v. 89, no. 2, p. 1389-1403, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02019-14.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1389","endPage":"1403","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055695","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472460,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02019-14","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296463,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusets","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.26031494140625,\n 42.08599350447723\n ],\n [\n -70.12298583984375,\n 42.105354851276\n ],\n [\n -70.01998901367188,\n 42.04929263868686\n ],\n [\n -69.96368408203125,\n 41.97480631113838\n ],\n [\n -69.9005126953125,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -69.9005126953125,\n 41.61852234700827\n ],\n [\n -69.94033813476562,\n 41.54250553376699\n ],\n [\n -69.99526977539062,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -70.037841796875,\n 41.54044978347556\n ],\n [\n -70.00762939453125,\n 41.65341898632251\n ],\n [\n -70.06805419921875,\n 41.65239288426814\n ],\n [\n -70.20126342773438,\n 41.63084096540012\n 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]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5482e544e4b0aa6d77852fff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allison, Andrew B.","contributorId":83011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allison","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballard, Jennifer R.","contributorId":127726,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballard","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7125,"text":"Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tesh, Robert B.","contributorId":127727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tesh","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":7126,"text":"Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Justin D.","contributorId":87838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7125,"text":"Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ruder, Mark G.","contributorId":127728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruder","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":7125,"text":"Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Keel, M. Kevin","contributorId":127729,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keel","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":7127,"text":"2Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Munk, Brandon A.","contributorId":127730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munk","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7125,"text":"Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mickley, Randall M.","contributorId":127738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mickley","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7124,"text":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, 644 Bayfield Street, Suite 215, St Paul, Minnesota, 55107, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gibbs, Samantha E.J.","contributorId":127739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Samantha E.J.","affiliations":[{"id":7128,"text":"Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ellis, Julie C.","contributorId":127731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellis","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7128,"text":"Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Travassos da Rosac, Amelia P.A.","contributorId":127743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Travassos da Rosac","given":"Amelia","email":"","middleInitial":"P.A.","affiliations":[{"id":7126,"text":"Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie I. 0000-0002-5590-6518 vbochsler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-6518","contributorId":3234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shearn-Bochsler","given":"Valerie","email":"vbochsler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Rogers, Matthew B.","contributorId":127732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":7129,"text":"Computational and Systems Biology, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Gheldin, Elodie","contributorId":127733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gheldin","given":"Elodie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7130,"text":"6Computational and Systems Biology, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Holmes, Edward C.","contributorId":92907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holmes","given":"Edward C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Parrish, Colin R.","contributorId":34414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Dwyer, Chris P.","contributorId":127734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dwyer","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7131,"text":"United States Department of the Interior, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Northeast Region, Division of Migratory Birds, Hadley, MA 01035, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70129576,"text":"fs20143108 - 2015 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:13:10","indexId":"fs20143108","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-07T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3108","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Wyoming","docAbstract":"

Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Wyoming, elevation data are critical for geologic resource assessment and hazard mitigation, flood risk management, water supply an quality, natural resources conservation, agriculture and precision farming, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.

\n

The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ifsar) data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios.The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Office of Management and Budget Circular A–16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation’s natural and constructed features.

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The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has used spring aerial surveys to estimate numbers of migrating sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) staging in the Platte River Valley of Nebraska, USA. Resulting estimates index the abundance of the midcontinent sandhill crane population and inform harvest management decisions. However, annual changes in the index have exceeded biologically plausible changes in population size (>50% of surveys between 1982 and 2013 indicate >±20% change), raising questions about nuisance variation due to factors such as migration chronology. We used locations of cranes marked with very-high-frequency transmitters to estimate migration chronology (i.e., proportions of cranes present within the Platte River Valley). We also used roadside surveys to determine the percentage of cranes staging at the Platte River Valley but outside of the survey area when surveys occur. During March 2001–2007, an average of 86% (71–94%; SD = 7%) of marked cranes were present along the Platte River during scheduled survey dates, and 0–11% of cranes that were present along the Platte River were not within the survey boundaries. Timing of the annual survey generally corresponded with presence of the greatest proportion of marked cranes and with least inter-annual variation; consequently, accuracy of estimates could not have been improved by surveying on different dates. Conducting the survey earlier would miss birds not yet arriving at the staging site; whereas, a later date would occur at a time when a larger portion of birds may have already departed the staging site and when a greater proportion of birds occurred outside of the surveyed area. Index values used to monitor midcontinent sandhill crane abundance vary annually, in part, due to annual variation in migration chronology and to spatial distribution of cranes in the Platte River Valley; therefore, managers should interpret survey results cautiously, with awareness of a continuing need to identify and understand components of variation. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.496","usgsCitation":"Pearse, A.T., Krapu, G.L., Brandt, D., and Sargeant, G.A., 2015, Timing of spring surveys for midcontinent sandhill cranes: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 39, no. 1, p. 87-93, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.496.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"93","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052143","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499910,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/2f34214c445a4ce881b56c55785a6a0f","text":"External Repository"},{"id":296137,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Platte River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.1236572265625,\n 41.14970617453726\n ],\n [\n -101.1236572265625,\n 41.24890252240322\n ],\n [\n -100.7501220703125,\n 41.24890252240322\n ],\n [\n -100.7501220703125,\n 41.14970617453726\n ],\n [\n -101.1236572265625,\n 41.14970617453726\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.73526000976562,\n 40.76494141246851\n ],\n [\n -99.73526000976562,\n 40.70042247927176\n ],\n [\n -99.54025268554688,\n 40.61916465186328\n ],\n [\n -99.02389526367188,\n 40.613952441166596\n ],\n [\n -98.9044189453125,\n 40.62646106367355\n ],\n [\n -98.73275756835938,\n 40.6462615921222\n ],\n [\n -98.16421508789062,\n 40.64417760251725\n ],\n [\n -98.16421508789062,\n 41.01928287604562\n ],\n [\n -98.30429077148438,\n 40.91558813293605\n ],\n [\n -98.38668823242188,\n 40.911436954156436\n ],\n [\n -98.53775024414062,\n 40.837710162420045\n ],\n [\n -98.81240844726562,\n 40.75557964275589\n ],\n [\n -99.05685424804688,\n 40.701463603604594\n ],\n [\n -99.22576904296875,\n 40.69938133866613\n ],\n [\n -99.58969116210938,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -99.73663330078125,\n 40.77846164090355\n ],\n [\n -99.73526000976562,\n 40.76494141246851\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546c7637e4b0f4a3478a61bb","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/wsb.496","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.496","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Pearse Aaron T., Krapu Gary L., Brandt David A., Sargeant Glen A.","journalName":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","publicationDate":"11/7/2014","auditedOn":"12/9/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearse, Aaron T. 0000-0002-6137-1556 apearse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-1556","contributorId":1772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Aaron","email":"apearse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krapu, Gary L. 0000-0001-8482-6130 gkrapu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8482-6130","contributorId":3074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krapu","given":"Gary","email":"gkrapu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brandt, David A. dbrandt@usgs.gov","contributorId":3073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"David A.","email":"dbrandt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sargeant, Glen A. 0000-0003-3845-8503 gsargeant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3845-8503","contributorId":1301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargeant","given":"Glen","email":"gsargeant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70136070,"text":"70136070 - 2015 - Sea-level rise and refuge habitats for tidal marsh species: Can artificial islands save the California Ridgway's rail?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-01T15:57:51.542965","indexId":"70136070","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea-level rise and refuge habitats for tidal marsh species: Can artificial islands save the California Ridgway's rail?","docAbstract":"

Terrestrial species living in intertidal habitats experience refuge limitation during periods of tidal inundation, which may be exacerbated by seasonal variation in vegetation structure, tidal cycles, and land-use change. Sea-level rise projections indicate the severity of refuge limitation may increase. Artificial habitats that provide escape cover during tidal inundation have been proposed as a temporary solution to alleviate these limitations. We tested for evidence of refuge habitat limitation in a population of endangered California Ridgway's rail (Rallus obsoletus obsoletus; hereafter California rail) through use of artificial floating island habitats provided during two winters. Previous studies demonstrated that California rail mortality was especially high during the winter and periods of increased tidal inundation, suggesting that tidal refuge habitat is critical to survival. In our study, California rail regularly used artificial islands during higher tides and daylight hours. When tide levels inundated the marsh plain, use of artificial islands was at least 300 times more frequent than would be expected if California rails used artificial habitats proportional to their availability (0.016%). Probability of use varied among islands, and low levels of use were observed at night. These patterns may result from anti-predator behaviors and heterogeneity in either rail density or availability of natural refuges. Endemic saltmarsh species are increasingly at risk from habitat change resulting from sea-level rise and development of adjacent uplands. Escape cover during tidal inundation may need to be supplemented if species are to survive. Artificial habitats may provide effective short-term mitigation for habitat change and sea-level rise in tidal marsh environments, particularly for conservation-reliant species such as California rails.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.10.016","usgsCitation":"Overton, C.T., Takekawa, J.Y., Casazza, M.L., Bui, T.D., Holyoak, M., and Strong, D.R., 2015, Sea-level rise and refuge habitats for tidal marsh species: Can artificial islands save the California Ridgway's rail?: Ecological Engineering, v. 74, p. 337-344, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.10.016.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"337","endPage":"344","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054593","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472461,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.10.016","text":"External Repository"},{"id":296853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Oakland","otherGeospatial":"Arrowhead Marsh, San Leandro Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.2201108932495,\n 37.740516914762715\n ],\n [\n -122.2201108932495,\n 37.74883102830879\n ],\n [\n -122.20860958099365,\n 37.74883102830879\n ],\n [\n -122.20860958099365,\n 37.740516914762715\n ],\n [\n -122.2201108932495,\n 37.740516914762715\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"74","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c4ce4b08de9379b3709","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Overton, Cory T. 0000-0002-5060-7447 coverton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-7447","contributorId":3262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overton","given":"Cory","email":"coverton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bui, Thuy-Vy D. 0000-0002-0914-5439 tbui@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0914-5439","contributorId":4776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bui","given":"Thuy-Vy","email":"tbui@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holyoak, Marcel","contributorId":15076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holyoak","given":"Marcel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7082,"text":"University of California - Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Strong, Donald R.","contributorId":131052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strong","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}