{"pageNumber":"1244","pageRowStart":"31075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40904,"records":[{"id":38249,"text":"pp1409A - 1998 - Aquifer systems in the Great Basin region of Nevada, Utah, and adjacent states; summary report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T19:19:39","indexId":"pp1409A","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1409","chapter":"A","title":"Aquifer systems in the Great Basin region of Nevada, Utah, and adjacent states; summary report","docAbstract":"Findings of the Great Basin Regional Aquifer System Analysis (RASA) are summarized. The Great Basin RASA study encompasses an area of about 140,000 square miles. Regional hydrology and ground-water hydrology of the area are described. Five models of basin-fill aquifers, a ground-water flow model of the Fish Springs system, and a regional ground-water flow model of the carbonate-rock province (eastern Nevada and western Utah) are presented and discussed.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1409A","usgsCitation":"Harrill, J., and Prudic, D.E., 1998, Aquifer systems in the Great Basin region of Nevada, Utah, and adjacent states; summary report: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1409, p. A1-A66, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1409A.","productDescription":"p. A1-A66","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":64626,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1409a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123142,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1409a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679f70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrill, J. R.","contributorId":10417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrill","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prudic, David E. deprudic@usgs.gov","contributorId":3430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prudic","given":"David","email":"deprudic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":219421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22042,"text":"ofr98210 - 1998 - Preliminary lithostratigraphy, interpreted geophysical logs and hydrogeologic characteristics of the 98th Street core hole, Albuquerque, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T10:24:02","indexId":"ofr98210","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-210","title":"Preliminary lithostratigraphy, interpreted geophysical logs and hydrogeologic characteristics of the 98th Street core hole, Albuquerque, New Mexico","docAbstract":"

Core samples, cuttings, and numerous geophysical logs obtained from the 1560 ft (475.5 m) core hole drilled at 98th Street on the west side of Albuquerque provide key stratigraphic and hydraulicproperty information for the upper clastic sediments of the Santa Fe Group, which form the principal aquifer in the region. The core hole and an adjacent water-level monitoring well were drilled cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the City of Albuquerque and investigated in collaboration with the New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources and the New Mexico Office of the State Engineer to improve understanding of aquifer characteristics and controls on ground-water availability and quality. The 751.5 ft (229 m) of core samples recovered from the core hole are the only undisturbed samples of nonlithified sediments of the upper part of the Santa Fe Group that have been collected in this area. These samples have allowed us, for the first time, to directly observe and characterize the lithic and sedimentologic features of this part of the section, and to correlate the detailed geologic features with geophysical-log characteristics, magnetic susceptibility measurements, hydraulic variables, and trace-element geochemistry. The adjacent well was designed to be an areally representative ground-water level and water-quality monitoring well for the Santa Fe Group aquifer. This report chiefly addresses the lithologic, stratigraphic, and hydrogeologic features determined from the 98th Street core hole; other reports address related characteristics.

Previous geologic studies predicted the stratigraphy at the site to be, from the land surface downward: 1) Quaternary alluvial and eolian valley-border sediments; 2) fluvial sand and gravel of the upper unit of the Santa Fe Group (Ceja Member of the Santa Fe Formation of Kelly, 1978; equivalent to the Sierra Ledrones Formation of Machette (1978a); 3) downward-fining basin-floor silty clay deposits and 4) fluvial sandy and silty facies of the middle unit of the Santa Fe Group (the Middle Red Member of Bryan and McCann, 1937, and Lambert, 1968). New geologic interpretations indicate that the drill site is in a fault block bounded by east-dipping normal faults and the oblique Atrisco-Rincon fault zone.

Core-hole sampling recovered 760.6 ft (231.8 m) of core, in core segments 2.1-2.375 in. (5.3-6 cm) in diameter, and 0.2-10 ft (6.1 cm-3 m) long. The core hole was cased with centered 3-in. PVC casing, and is available for geophysical logging. The monitoring-well hole contains four piezometers at depths of 1544 ft (470.6 m), 1112 ft (338.9 m), 749 ft (228.3 m), and 458 ft (139.6 m).

Sediments in the core are loose to weakly cemented gravel, sand, silt, and clay, and lithified sandstone. Laboratory analyses of particle-size distributions of 28 channel samples show that most silty sand samples are uniformly graded and poorly sorted; medium sand samples are moderately sorted. Six principal sediment types are used to describe the core; these sediment types are repeated in various combinations throughout the core and are used to define 22 lithologic units in the cored interval. The six principal sediment types contain sequences of beds having similar modal grain size and sedimentary structure, and are listed in decreasing abundance:

1) Silty fine sand, poorly sorted, containing a coarse silt matrix. Geophysical logs show highly variable baselines with deflections that are related to clay beds and sequences of silt, clay, and sorted fine sand. Density values of 2.12-2.25 g/cc and porosity values of 30-35 percent are typical.

2) Medium sand, moderately to poorly sorted. Geophysical logs show baselines of low variability with deflections that are related to clay beds and sequences of silt, clay, and sorted fine sand. Density values of 2.05-2.20 g/cc and porosity values of 30-35 percent are typical.

3) Clayey sandy silt, poorly sorted, locally microlaminated clay and silt, generally nonplastic. Geophysical logs show highly variable baselines with deflections that are related to sequences of clay and fine sand. Density values of 2.1-2.2 g/cc and porosity values of 30-40 percent are typical.

4) Silt and clay, characteristically red to reddish brown and medium to high plasticity, massive to indistinctly microlaminated. Geophysical logs show variable baselines with broad, high-amplitude compound spikes that are related to sequences of silt and fine sand. Density values of 2.12-2.25 g/cc and porosity values of >45 percent are typical.

5) Sand and gravel, poorly sorted. Geophysical logs show variable baselines with deflections that are related to sequences of silty and sorted fine sand.

6) Sandstone, fine-to-medium grained, poorly sorted, cemented chiefly by calcite, which fills the original pore space. Geophysical logs show density values >2.25 g/cc and porosity values <30 percent.

The 22 lithologic units are correlated with recognized basin-floor fluvial lithofacies (Hawley, 1996), which include sand and gravel (lithofacies I), sand with lenses of pebbly sand, silt, and silty clay (lithofacies II), and interbedded sand, silt, and silty clay (modified lithofacies III, IV, IX).

The sediments in the core hole are correlated with three informal lithostratigraphic units. The top unit, 0-19 ft (0-5.8 m) depth, consists of Quaternary eolian sand and valley-border alluvium. Coarsegrained deposits in the 19-97 ft (5.8-29.6 m) interval are correlated with the upper unit of the Santa Fe Group. The fine-grained section in the 97-787 ft (29.6-239.9 m) interval is correlated tentatively with the middle unit of the Santa Fe Group. This section contains thick sequences of laminated red and olivebrown clay and silt overbank deposits (441-787 ft) in the distinctive Atrisco member of Connell and others (1998). The Atrisco is correlated with fine-grained zones in numerous wells throughout the central Albuquerque metropolitan area, and is recognized as a zone that separates the upper Santa Fe aquifer from underlying middle Santa Fe deposits. The lower section of the middle unit of the Santa Fe, 787-1500 ft (239.9-457.2 m) depth, includes an upper sequence of moderately sorted channel-fill medium sand, and a lower sequence of sand, silt, and clay overbank deposits. The age of the cored interval is not known precisely. The upper Santa Fe gravel is related regionally to a through-flowing river system that was established in the Rio Grande rift valleys in Early Pliocene time, >4.5 MA. The middle Santa Fe unit is dated tentatively by correlation with a fossiliferous section, in which sandy beds that directly underlie the upper Santa Fe are Late Miocene (Hemphellian), 4.6- 8.9 MA. Further, the middle Santa Fe unit, with dominantly normal magnetic polarity, may have been deposited during closely spaced normal magnetic chrons 5.9-8.3 Ma.

Four hydrostratigraphic units summarize the hydrogeologic framework for the 98th Street site: 1) Quaternary valley-border deposits, 2) upper Santa Fe sand and gravel deposits, 3) middle Santa Fe overbank deposits, and 4) middle Santa Fe channel-sand deposits. Empirical values of horizontal hydraulic conductivity estimated from core samples reveal a previously unknown contrast in hydraulic conductivity in the lowest two hydrostratigraphic units. Correlations among numerous wells show that the distinctively fine-grained Atrisco member, with estimated hydraulic conductivities (K) of <0.02-17 ft/day, is a laterally extensive barrier to vertical ground-water flow. The underlying unit that contains moderately sorted medium sand is a potential aquifer production zone that should be investigated further.

Laboratory determination of vertical hydraulic conductivity values for fine-grained core samples range from 10-2 to 10-7 ft/day; recompacted sandy samples have K values of 1 to 10-2 ft/day. Results of tests conducted with increasing effective stress show that K values of all samples decrease with decreasing porosity. Comparison of K values from laboratory, empirical, and calculated geophysical values shows discrepancies of 1-3 orders of magnitude (ft/day), indicating that additional analyses of core samples and geophysical data are necessary for future characterization of the Santa Fe Group aquifer.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98210","usgsCitation":"Stone, B.D., Allen, B.D., Mikolas, M., Haneberg, W.C., Hawley, J.W., Johnson, P.S., Alfred, B., and Thorn, C.R., 1998, Preliminary lithostratigraphy, interpreted geophysical logs and hydrogeologic characteristics of the 98th Street core hole, Albuquerque, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-210, iv, 82 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98210.","productDescription":"iv, 82 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":153833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0210/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51502,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0210/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","city":"Albuquerque","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.875,\n 34.99850370014629\n ],\n [\n -106.61407470703125,\n 34.99850370014629\n ],\n [\n -106.61407470703125,\n 35.252348097623354\n ],\n [\n -106.875,\n 35.252348097623354\n ],\n [\n -106.875,\n 34.99850370014629\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d954","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Byron D. 0000-0001-6092-0798 bdstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6092-0798","contributorId":1702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Byron","email":"bdstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Bruce D.","contributorId":70568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mikolas, Marlo","contributorId":97522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikolas","given":"Marlo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haneberg, William C.","contributorId":57121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haneberg","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hawley, John W.","contributorId":195787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hawley","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Peggy S.","contributorId":85689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Peggy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Alfred, Barry","contributorId":57482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alfred","given":"Barry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thorn, Conde R.","contributorId":88397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"Conde","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":22944,"text":"ofr97810 - 1998 - FEMFLOW3D; a finite-element program for the simulation of three-dimensional aquifers; version 1.0","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-27T07:04:13","indexId":"ofr97810","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-810","title":"FEMFLOW3D; a finite-element program for the simulation of three-dimensional aquifers; version 1.0","docAbstract":"This document describes a computer program that simulates three-dimensional ground- water systems using the finite-element method. The program was developed to simulate regional ground-water systems, but it can be applied to small-scale problems as well. This program can be used to simulate both confined and water-table aquifers.\nThe program simulates a linearized three-dimensional free-surface ground-water system with a fixed grid. FEMFLOW3D is applicable to the simulation of various free-surface ground-water systems for which the change in aquifer thickness is small relative to the overall aquifer thickness.\nThe finite-element method provides flexibility in the design of a geometric grid that represents the physical dimensions of an aquifer system. For example, features that can be well represented with a finite-element grid include irregular, random geographic and geologic features; irregular boundaries; and increased detail within localized areas of particular interest within the study area.\nThe structure of the computer program consists of a main program, which serves as a simple driver, and a set of subroutines in which the calculations are performed. The background, mathematical basis, structure, and inputs for each of the subroutines are described in the document where applicable. Each subroutine generally handles (1) a part of the mathematical calculations related to the finite-element method, (2) a specific feature of the hydrologic system, or (3) special features related to the management input or output data.\nHydrologic features that can be represented with the program include stream-aquifer interactions, phreatophytic evapotranspiration, highly permeable fault zones, land subsidence, and land-aquifer interactions associated with land-use activities. The program can also represent the primary features associated with complex irrigation systems, such as irrigated agriculture, and can calculate the ground-water recharge that results from these activities. Three boundary conditions, including specified-head boundaries, specified-flux boundaries, and variable-flux boundaries, can be represented with the program. The program also provides a method for identifying aquifer and river-bed parameters that can be used in the calibration of models.\nThis document also includes model validation, source code, and example input and output files. Model validation was performed using four test problems. For each test problem, the results of a model simulation with FEMFLOW3D were compared with either an analytic solution or the results of an independent numerical approach. The source code, written in the ANSI x3.9-1978 FORTRAN standard, and the complete input and output of an example problem are listed in the appendixes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97810","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Durbin, T.J., and Bond, L.D., 1998, FEMFLOW3D; a finite-element program for the simulation of three-dimensional aquifers; version 1.0: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-810, vii, 338 p. :ill. ;28 cm. +1 computer disk (3 1/2 in.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97810.","productDescription":"vii, 338 p. :ill. ;28 cm. +1 computer disk (3 1/2 in.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0810/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52344,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0810/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":270237,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0810/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d7e4b07f02db54928d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Durbin, Timothy J.","contributorId":63373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durbin","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bond, Linda D.","contributorId":99579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bond","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020357,"text":"70020357 - 1998 - An 85-year study of saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) demography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T16:21:57.201051","indexId":"70020357","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"An 85-year study of saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) demography","title":"An 85-year study of saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) demography","docAbstract":"

The saguaro population in a 700-ha area at the Desert Laboratory on Tumamoc Hill, Tucson, Arizona, was censused in 1908, one year after livestock were excluded. In 1964, four 10-ha plots were established within the original area to determine the effect of slope aspect on plant growth and demography. The plots were recensused in 1970 and 1993. We developed a model for determining saguaro age, using the growth rates of over 3000 plants from 1964 to 1970. The model was verified with 1993 data. Changes in population size and the estimated age structures were then used to infer regeneration trends.

Saguaro populations on all slope aspects nearly doubled since 1908. Yet, during the same period, relative abundances of saguaros remained higher on the south and east aspects than on the north and west aspects. Higher recruitment and survival of young plants rather than mortality of older ones are largely responsible for the differences between aspects.

The estimated age structures show large, multi-decadal fluctuations in saguaro regeneration. Prior to 1908, populations on all slopes experienced an extended period of decline beginning around the late 1860s. The recent surge in recruitment began in the 1920s and peaked in the 1970s. Populations currently are again in decline. Better regeneration generally corresponds with relatively wet conditions, and poorer regeneration with drier conditions. However, extended periods of decline often included episodes of relatively wet conditions (e.g., from the 1860s to the 1920s), indicating that other climatic and biotic factors also determine recruitment success. Establishment may have been suppressed by colder winters, livestock grazing, and rock quarrying.

This long-term study demonstrates that, despite low regeneration and population decline during much of the last two centuries, saguaros have persisted on Tumamoc Hill because of episodic surges in seedling establishment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[2676:AYSOSC]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Pierson, E., and Turner, R., 1998, An 85-year study of saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) demography: Ecology, v. 79, no. 8, p. 2676-2693, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[2676:AYSOSC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2676","endPage":"2693","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231329,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9cde4b0c8380cd4847d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierson, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":48142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, Raymond M.","contributorId":7383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Raymond M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21910,"text":"ofr98132 - 1998 - The last interglaciation at Owens Lake, California; Core OL-92","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T11:47:26","indexId":"ofr98132","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-132","title":"The last interglaciation at Owens Lake, California; Core OL-92","docAbstract":"

Owens Lake, located at the eastern base of the central Sierra Nevada (Fig. 1), was the terminus of the Owens River prior to the lake's complete desiccation shortly after 1913 due to river diversion by the City of Los Angeles. During earlier wetter cycles, the lake overflowed to fill a series of downstream basins including China Lake Basin, Searles Valley, Panamint Valley, and ultimately, Death Valley (Smith and Street-Perrott, 1983). In 1992 the U.S. Geological Survey drilled a 323-m-deep core (OL-92) into Owens Lake sediments near the depocenter of the basin to obtain a continuous record of silty-clay sediment spanning the last 800,000 yrs. A multi-parameter reconnaissance study of the entire core (ca 7000-yr resolution), was reported in a 13-chapter summary volume (Smith and Bischoff, 1997). A document containing the numerical and other detailed forms of raw data collected by that volume's authors was prepared earlier (Smith and Bischoff, 1993). The reconnaissance study provided an approximate time-depth model for the entire core, based on radiocarbon dates from the top 31m, the Bishop Ash (759,000 yrs) at 304 m, ten within-Brunhes paleomagnetic excursions, and a compaction-corrected mass-accumulation rate of 51.4 g/cm/l000yr (Bischoff et al., 1997a). Application of this model to observed sediment parameters indicates that Owens Lake was saline, alkaline, and biologically productive at times of decreased water-flow, and was generally hydrologically flushed and relatively unproductive during times of increased water-flow. Grain size, abundance of CaCO3, organic carbon, clay mineralogy, cation-exchange capacity of the clay fraction, fossil pollen, fish, ostracodes, and diatoms (see summary by Smith et al., 1997) all show cyclic variation down the core. CaCO3 abundance, in particular, strongly reflects an approximately 100 ka dominant cycle, characteristic of global ice-volume indicated by the MIS δ18O record. Four of the last five marine isotope terminations are clearly shown in the OL-92 record.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98132","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"1998, The last interglaciation at Owens Lake, California; Core OL-92: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-132, 186 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98132.","productDescription":"186 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":51394,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0132/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0132/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Owens Lake","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64b08d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bischoff, James L. jbischoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":1389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"James","email":"jbischoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":726167,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24538,"text":"ofr98207 - 1998 - A simplified economic filter for open-pit gold-silver mining in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-08T15:19:31.642419","indexId":"ofr98207","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-207","title":"A simplified economic filter for open-pit gold-silver mining in the United States","docAbstract":"

In resource assessments of undiscovered mineral deposits and in the early stages of exploration, including planning, a need for prefeasibility cost models exists. In exploration, these models to filter economic from uneconomic deposits help to focus on targets that can really benefit the exploration enterprise. In resource assessment, these models can be used to eliminate deposits that would probably be uneconomic even if discovered. The U. S. Bureau of Mines (USBM) previously developed simplified cost models for such problems (Camm, 1991). These cost models estimate operating and capital expenditures for a mineral deposit given its tonnage, grade, and depth. These cost models were also incorporated in USBM prefeasibility software (Smith, 1991).

\n
\n

Because the cost data used to estimate operating and capital costs in these models are now over ten years old, we decided that it was necessary to test these equations with more current data. We limited this study to open-pit gold-silver mines located in the United States.

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David","contributorId":15645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menzie","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":192107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Long, Keith R. 0000-0002-6457-2820 klong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6457-2820","contributorId":2279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Keith","email":"klong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1014755,"text":"1014755 - 1998 - Seasonal differences in plasma cortisol and gill corticosteroid receptors in upper and lower mode juvenile Atlantic salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-04T16:15:29.266607","indexId":"1014755","displayToPublicDate":"1998-11-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal differences in plasma cortisol and gill corticosteroid receptors in upper and lower mode juvenile Atlantic salmon","docAbstract":"

Circulating plasma cortisol and gill corticosteroid receptors (CR) have been observed to change seasonally in conjunction with smolting in Atlantic salmon. To differentiate whether these changes are seasonal or ontogenic, juvenile Atlantic salmon parr were separated by size into upper (UM) and lower mode (LM) in September. At monthly intervals, the fish were sampled for plasma cortisol, gill Na+K+ATPase activity and CR abundance (Bmax) and dissociation constant (kD). UM were significantly larger than LM, and showed the silver appearance characteristic of smolts in April and May. Gill Na+K+ATPase activity of UM fish increased 6-fold during the spring; LM fish increased 1.5-fold. Plasma cortisol levels increased significantly (10-fold) in UM fish in May, but not in LM fish. Gill CR Bmax increased 5-fold over the duration of the study in both groups. CR kD was lowest in October and highest in May; a 1.8- and 2-fold increase in LM and UM, respectively. There were no significant differences in gill CR Bmax and kD between the two groups during the study, except in May, when kD was significantly greater and Bmax lower in UM than LM. Peak levels of gill Na+K+ATPase activity occur coincident with an increase in plasma cortisol concentration. Seasonal increases in CR Bmax and kD are similar in UM and LM fish and occur independent of smolting in juvenile Atlantic salmon. In UM fish, plasma cortisol increases in spring are concurrent with increased smolt characteristics.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0044-8486(98)00350-0","usgsCitation":"Shrimpton, J.M., and McCormick, S.D., 1998, Seasonal differences in plasma cortisol and gill corticosteroid receptors in upper and lower mode juvenile Atlantic salmon: Aquaculture, v. 168, no. 1-4, p. 205-219, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(98)00350-0.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"205","endPage":"219","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131133,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"168","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc3c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shrimpton, J. Mark","contributorId":42747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shrimpton","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":139214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":321102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70174364,"text":"70174364 - 1998 - An overview of San Francisco Bay PORTS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-20T18:49:48.055356","indexId":"70174364","displayToPublicDate":"1998-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"An overview of San Francisco Bay PORTS","docAbstract":"

The Physical Oceanographic Real-Time System (PORTS) provides observations of tides, tidal currents, and meteorological conditions in real-time. The San Francisco Bay PORTS (SFPORTS) is a decision support system to facilitate safe and efficient maritime commerce. In addition to real-time observations, SFPORTS includes a nowcast numerical model forming a San Francisco Bay marine nowcast system. SFPORTS data and nowcast numerical model results are made available to users through the World Wide Web (WWW). A brief overview of SFPORTS is presented, from the data flow originated at instrument sensors to final results delivered to end users on the WWW. A user-friendly interface for SFPORTS has been designed and implemented. Appropriate field data analysis, nowcast procedures, design and generation of graphics for WWW display of field data and nowcast results are presented and discussed. Furthermore, SFPORTS is designed to support hazardous materials spill prevention and response, and to serve as resources to scientists studying the health of San Francisco Bay ecosystem. The success (or failure) of the SFPORTS to serve the intended user community is determined by the effectiveness of the user interface.

","conferenceTitle":"Ocean community conference","conferenceDate":"November 15-19, 1998","conferenceLocation":"Baltimore, Maryland","language":"English","publisher":"Marine Technology Society","usgsCitation":"Cheng, R.T., McKinnie, D., English, C., and Smith, R., 1998, An overview of San Francisco Bay PORTS, Ocean community conference, Baltimore, Maryland, November 15-19, 1998, p. 1054-1060.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1054","endPage":"1060","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324984,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": 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T.","contributorId":69134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKinnie, David","contributorId":172774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKinnie","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"English, Chad","contributorId":172775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"English","given":"Chad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Richard E.","contributorId":146652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70020515,"text":"70020515 - 1998 - Estimating the effectiveness of further sampling inspecies inventories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-19T19:42:27.275125","indexId":"70020515","displayToPublicDate":"1998-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the effectiveness of further sampling inspecies inventories","docAbstract":"

Estimators of the number of additional species expected in the next Δn samples offer a potentially important tool for improving cost-effectiveness of species inventories but are largely untested. We used Monte Carlo methods to compare 11 such estimators, across a range of community structures and sampling regimes, and validated our results, where possible, using empirical data from vascular plant and beetle inventories from Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. We found that B. Efron and R. Thisted’s 1976 negative binomial estimator was most robust to differences in community structure and that it was among the most accurate estimators when sampling was from model communities with structures resembling the large, heterogeneous communities that are the likely targets of major inventory efforts. Other estimators may be preferred under specific conditions, however. For example, when sampling was from model communities with highly even species-abundance distributions, estimates based on the Michaelis-Menten model were most accurate; when sampling was from moderately even model communities with S = 10 species or communities with highly uneven species-abundance distributions, estimates based on Gleason’s (1922) species–area model were most accurate. We suggest that use of such methods in species inventories can help improve cost-effectiveness by providing an objective basis for redirecting sampling to more-productive sites, methods, or time periods as the expectation of detecting additional species becomes unacceptably low.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[1239:ETEOFS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Keating, K., Quinn, J.F., Ivie, M., and Ivie, L., 1998, Estimating the effectiveness of further sampling inspecies inventories: Ecological Applications, v. 8, no. 4, p. 1239-1249, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[1239:ETEOFS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1239","endPage":"1249","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231223,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b59e4b0c8380cd526ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keating, Kim A.","contributorId":20271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keating","given":"Kim A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":386507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quinn, James F.","contributorId":101379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinn","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ivie, M.A.","contributorId":43307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivie","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ivie, L.L.","contributorId":54939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivie","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70020572,"text":"70020572 - 1998 - Non-double-couple earthquakes 2. Observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-17T16:41:38.580829","indexId":"70020572","displayToPublicDate":"1998-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3283,"text":"Reviews of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-double-couple earthquakes 2. Observations","docAbstract":"Most studies assume that earthquakes have double-couple (DC) source mechanisms, corresponding to shear motion on planar faults. However, many well-recorded earthquakes have radiation patterns that depart radically from this model, indicating fundamentally different source processes. Seismic waves excited by advective processes, such as landslides and volcanic eruptions, are consistent with net forces rather than DCs. Some volcanic earthquakes also have single-force mechanisms, probably because of advection of magmatic fluids. Other volcanic earthquakes have mechanisms close to compensated linear vector dipoles and may be caused by magmatic intrusions. Shallow earthquakes in volcanic or geothermal areas and mines often have mechanisms with isotropic components, indicating volume changes of either explosive or implosive polarity. Such mechanisms are consistent with failure involving both shear and tensile faulting, which may be facilitated by high-pressure, high-temperature fluids. In mines, tunnels are cavities that may close. Deep-focus earthquakes occur within zones of polymorphic phase transformations in the upper mantle at depths where stick-slip instability cannot occur. Their mechanisms tend to be deviatoric (volume conserving), but non-DC, and their source processes are poorly understood. Automatic global moment tensor services routinely report statistically significant non-DC components for large earthquakes, but detailed reexamination of individual events is required to confirm such results.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98RG00717","issn":"87551209","usgsCitation":"Miller, A., Foulger, G., and Julian, B., 1998, Non-double-couple earthquakes 2. Observations: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 36, no. 4, p. 551-568, https://doi.org/10.1029/98RG00717.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"551","endPage":"568","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":492512,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98rg00717","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230911,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a673ae4b0c8380cd73221","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, A.D.","contributorId":6202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foulger, G.R.","contributorId":14439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foulger","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Julian, B.R.","contributorId":101272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julian","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":4974,"text":"fs09698 - 1998 - Modern and historical bathymetry of Florida Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-09T11:43:23.873152","indexId":"fs09698","displayToPublicDate":"1998-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"096-98","title":"Modern and historical bathymetry of Florida Bay","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs09698","usgsCitation":"Hansen, M., and DeWitt, N., 1998, Modern and historical bathymetry of Florida Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 096-98, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs09698.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_096_98.jpg"},{"id":162,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/factsheet/fs96-98/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.80169677734375,\n 24.81914648173904\n ],\n [\n -80.3265380859375,\n 24.81914648173904\n ],\n [\n -80.3265380859375,\n 25.32664914186939\n ],\n [\n -80.80169677734375,\n 25.32664914186939\n ],\n [\n -80.80169677734375,\n 24.81914648173904\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314

Contact Pubs Warehouse

","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699696","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Mark","contributorId":81893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeWitt, Nancy","contributorId":90708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Nancy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":2738,"text":"wsp2490 - 1998 - Analysis of ground-water flow and saltwater encroachment in the shallow aquifer system of Cape May County, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:34","indexId":"wsp2490","displayToPublicDate":"1998-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2490","title":"Analysis of ground-water flow and saltwater encroachment in the shallow aquifer system of Cape May County, New Jersey","docAbstract":"Cape May County, New Jersey, is on a natural peninsula that is virtually surrounded by saltwater. A calibrated quasi-three-dimensional sharp-interface model was used to simulate ground-water flow in the shallow aquifer system under two water-supply-development alternatives for a 30-year planning period. The alternatives involve modest increases in withdrawals in combination with desalination of brackish ground water or inland relocation of wells. Simulation results indicate that projected withdrawals for the two alternatives can be sustained without significant additional saltwater encroachment over the planning period.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Distribution [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wsp2490","usgsCitation":"Spitz, F.J., 1998, Analysis of ground-water flow and saltwater encroachment in the shallow aquifer system of Cape May County, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2490, vi, 51 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2490.","productDescription":"vi, 51 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138916,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2490/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":29164,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2490/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db68056d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spitz, Frederick J. 0000-0002-1391-2127 fspitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1391-2127","contributorId":2777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spitz","given":"Frederick","email":"fspitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":145691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70020530,"text":"70020530 - 1998 - Population models of burrowing mayfly recolonization in western Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-22T15:13:07.995504","indexId":"70020530","displayToPublicDate":"1998-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population models of burrowing mayfly recolonization in western Lake Erie","docAbstract":"

Burrowing mayflies, Hexagenia spp. (H. limbata and H. rigida), began recolonizing western Lake Erie during the 1990s. Survey data for mayfly nymph densities indicated that the population experienced exponential growth between 1991 and 1997. To predict the time to full recovery of the mayfly population, we fitted logistic models, ranging in carrying capacity from 600 to 2000 nymphs/m2, to these survey data. Based on the fitted logistic curves, we forecast that the mayfly population in western Lake Erie would achieve full recovery between years 1998 and 2000, depending on the carrying capacity of the western basin. Additionally, we estimated the mortality rate of nymphs in western Lake Erie during 1994 and then applied an age-based matrix model to the mayfly population. The results of the matrix population modeling corroborated the exponential growth model application in that both methods yielded an estimate of the population growth rate, r, in excess of 0.8 yr−1. This was the first evidence that mayfly populations are capable of recolonizing large aquatic ecosystems at rates comparable with those observed in much smaller lentic ecosystems. Our model predictions should prove valuable to managers of power plant facilities along the western basin in planning for mayfly emergences and to managers of the yellow perch (Perca flavescens) fishery in western Lake Erie.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[1206:PMOBMR]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Madenjian, C.P., Schloesser, D.W., and Krieger, K.A., 1998, Population models of burrowing mayfly recolonization in western Lake Erie: Ecological Applications, v. 8, no. 4, p. 1206-1212, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[1206:PMOBMR]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1206","endPage":"1212","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231492,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, Ohio, Ontario","otherGeospatial":"western Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.50881258786156,\n 41.69840847148828\n ],\n [\n -82.91570719618188,\n 41.44011595293637\n ],\n [\n -82.40227267801153,\n 41.373720804873955\n ],\n [\n -81.92424743695584,\n 41.50644324322849\n ],\n [\n -82.03047526830156,\n 42.26432383974006\n ],\n [\n -82.68554689493288,\n 42.0411910682424\n ],\n [\n -83.17242445526736,\n 42.11346715877417\n ],\n [\n -83.50881258786156,\n 41.69840847148828\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d81e4b0c8380cd79fb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schloesser, Don W.","contributorId":21485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloesser","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krieger, Kenneth A.","contributorId":12411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krieger","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020193,"text":"70020193 - 1998 - Non-double-couple earthquakes. 1. Theory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-17T22:44:39.09761","indexId":"70020193","displayToPublicDate":"1998-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3283,"text":"Reviews of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-double-couple earthquakes. 1. Theory","docAbstract":"

Historically, most quantitative seismological analyses have been based on the assumption that earthquakes are caused by shear faulting, for which the equivalent force system in an isotropic medium is a pair of force couples with no net torque (a “double couple,” or DC). Observations of increasing quality and coverage, however, now resolve departures from the DC model for many earthquakes and find some earthquakes, especially in volcanic and geothermal areas, that have strongly non-DC mechanisms. Understanding non-DC earthquakes is important both for studying the process of faulting in detail and for identifying nonshear-faulting processes that apparently occur in some earthquakes. This paper summarizes the theory of “moment tensor” expansions of equivalent-force systems and analyzes many possible physical non-DC earthquake processes. Contrary to long-standing assumption, sources within the Earth can sometimes have net force and torque components, described by first-rank and asymmetric second-rank moment tensors, which must be included in analyses of landslides and some volcanic phenomena. Non-DC processes that lead to conventional (symmetric second-rank) moment tensors include geometrically complex shear faulting, tensile faulting, shear faulting in an anisotropic medium, shear faulting in a heterogeneous region (e.g., near an interface), and polymorphic phase transformations. Undoubtedly, many non-DC earthquake processes remain to be discovered. Progress will be facilitated by experimental studies that use wave amplitudes, amplitude ratios, and complete waveforms in addition to wave polarities and thus avoid arbitrary assumptions such as the absence of volume changes or the temporal similarity of different moment tensor components.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98RG00716","issn":"87551209","usgsCitation":"Julian, B., Miller, A., and Foulger, G., 1998, Non-double-couple earthquakes. 1. Theory: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 36, no. 4, p. 525-549, https://doi.org/10.1029/98RG00716.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"525","endPage":"549","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":492513,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98rg00716","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231393,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a673ee4b0c8380cd7323c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Julian, B.R.","contributorId":101272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julian","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, A.D.","contributorId":6202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foulger, G.R.","contributorId":14439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foulger","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185693,"text":"70185693 - 1998 - Critical evaluation and selection of standard state thermodynamic properties for chromium metal and its aqueous ions, hydrolysis species, oxides, and hydroxides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T16:06:33","indexId":"70185693","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3821,"text":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Critical evaluation and selection of standard state thermodynamic properties for chromium metal and its aqueous ions, hydrolysis species, oxides, and hydroxides","docAbstract":"

This review critically evaluates the reported thermodynamic data on chromium metal, oxides, hydroxides, free aqueous ions, and hydrolysis species. Several discrepancies and inconsistencies have been uncovered and resolved to improve equilibrium calculations for chemical modeling and related engineering purposes. A revised set of data is derived from evaluation of electrochemical measurements, silver chromate solubility measurements, and auxiliary post-1980 data, reevaluation of earlier data, and reconsideration of the path for the thermodynamic network. The recommended thermodynamic values for Cr(cr), C \"\" , C \"\" , Cr \"\" , Cr2 \"\" , Cr2O3(cr), CrO3(cr), FeCr2O4(cr), CrCl2(cr), CrCl3(cr), and KFe3(CrO4)2(OH)6(cr)at 25 °C, 1 bar, and infinite dilution are given.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/je980080a","usgsCitation":"Ball, J.W., and Nordstrom, D.K., 1998, Critical evaluation and selection of standard state thermodynamic properties for chromium metal and its aqueous ions, hydrolysis species, oxides, and hydroxides: Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, v. 43, no. 6, p. 895-918, https://doi.org/10.1021/je980080a.","productDescription":"24 p. ","startPage":"895","endPage":"918","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338420,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58da253be4b0543bf7fda86b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, James W.","contributorId":38946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":686418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70128721,"text":"70128721 - 1998 - Geologic controls on the formation of lakes in north-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T14:59:38","indexId":"70128721","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-14T10:44:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesNumber":"26","title":"Geologic controls on the formation of lakes in north-central Florida","docAbstract":"

Fluid exchange between surficial waters and groundwater, as well as the processes that control this exchange, are of critical concern to water management districts and planners. Digital high-resolution seismic systems were used to collect geophysical data from 30 lakes of north-central Florida. Although using seismic profile data in the past has been less than successful, the use of digital technology has increased the potential for success. Seismic profiles collected from the lakes of north-central Florida have shown the potential application of these techniques in understanding the formation of individual lakes. In each case study, lake structure and geomorphology were controlled by solution and/or mechanical processes. Processes that control lake development are twofold: 1) karstification or dissolution of the underlying limestone, and 2) me collapse, subsidence, or slumping of overburden to form sinkholes. Initial lake formation is directly related to the karst topography of the underlying host limestone. Lake size and shape are a factor of the thickness of overburden and size of the collapse or subsidence and/or clustering of depressions allowing for lake development. Lake development is through progressive sequence stages to maturity that can be delineated into geomorphic types. Case studies have shown that lakes can be divided by geomorphic types into progressive developmental phases: (1) active subsidence or collapse phase (young) - the open to partially filled collapse structures typically associated with sink holes; (2) transitional phase (middle age) - the sinkhole is plugged as the voids within the collapse are filled with sediment, periodic reactivation may occur; (3) baselevel phase (mature) - active sinkholes are progressively plugged by the continual erosion of material into the basin, and eventually sediment fills the basins; and (4) polje (drowned prairie) - broad flat-bottom basins located within the epiphreatic zone that are inundated at high stages of the water table and have one or all phases of sinkhole development and many types of karst and karren features.

\n
\n

Most lakes in this study have a small diameter (<1 km) making stratigraphic correlations from lake to lake difficult. Seismic profiles of subsurface features were used to define the lake geologic history and to locate possible breaches in the confining layer that maintains these lakes. Nine types of acoustical signatures were identified from the profiles to describe the structural history of each lake. Using these criteria, Florida lakes can be classified by size, fill, subsurface features, and geomorphology. Classification of the lakes has led to a better understanding of the relation between the geology and hydrology of Florida.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Modern and Ancient Lake Systems: New Problems and Perspectives, 1998","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Utah Geological Association","usgsCitation":"Kindinger, J.L., Davis, J.B., and Flocks, J.G., 1998, Geologic controls on the formation of lakes in north-central Florida, 22 p.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"30","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295267,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295266,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/uga/data/069/069001/9_ugs690009.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"543e3b27e4b0fd76af69cf0d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":510009,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carroll, Alan R.","contributorId":111442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carroll","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":510008,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Kindinger, Jack L. jkindinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindinger","given":"Jack","email":"jkindinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Jeffrey B.","contributorId":104834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70244158,"text":"70244158 - 1998 - Suppression of large earthquakes by stress shadows: A comparison of Coulomb and rate-and-state failure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-27T16:57:20.484673","indexId":"70244158","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-10T14:18:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suppression of large earthquakes by stress shadows: A comparison of Coulomb and rate-and-state failure","docAbstract":"

Stress shadows generated by California's two most recent great earthquakes (1857 Fort Tejon and 1906 San Francisco) substantially modified 19th and 20th century earthquake history in the Los Angeles basin and in the San Francisco Bay area. Simple Coulomb failure calculations, which assume that earthquakes can be modeled as static dislocations in an elastic half-space, have done quite well at approximating how long the stress shadows, or relaxing effects, should last and at predicting where subsequent large earthquakes will not occur. There has, however, been at least one apparent exception to the predictions of such simple models. The 1911 M>6.0 earthquake near Morgan Hill, California, occurred at a relaxed site on the Calaveras fault. We examine how the more complex rate-and-state friction formalism based on laboratory experiments might have allowed the 1911 earthquake. Rate-and-state time-to-failure calculations are consistent with the occurrence of the 1911 event just 5 years after 1906 if the Calaveras fault was already close to failure before the effects of 1906. We also examine the likelihood that the entire 78 years of relative quiet (only four M≥6 earthquakes) in the bay area after 1906 is consistent with rate-and-state assumptions, given that the previous 7 decades produced 18 M≥6 earthquakes. Combinations of rate-and-state variables can be found that are consistent with this pattern of large bay area earthquakes, assuming that the rate of earthquakes in the 7 decades before 1906 would have continued had 1906 not occurred. These results demonstrate that rate-and-state offers a consistent explanation for the 78-year quiescence and the 1911 anomaly, although they do not rule out several alternate explanations.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98jb00793","usgsCitation":"Harris, R.A., and Simpson, R.W., 1998, Suppression of large earthquakes by stress shadows: A comparison of Coulomb and rate-and-state failure: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 103, no. B10, p. 24439-24451, https://doi.org/10.1029/98jb00793.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"24439","endPage":"24451","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":417757,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.34621477521637,\n 38.62991953361845\n ],\n [\n -123.34621477521637,\n 36.17558364871968\n ],\n [\n -120.53976343305399,\n 36.17558364871968\n ],\n [\n -120.53976343305399,\n 38.62991953361845\n ],\n [\n -123.34621477521637,\n 38.62991953361845\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"B10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Ruth A. 0000-0002-9247-0768 harris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-0768","contributorId":786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Ruth","email":"harris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":874659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simpson, Robert W. simpson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"Robert","email":"simpson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":874660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223451,"text":"5223451 - 1998 - Estimation of temporal variability of survival in animal populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T15:38:22.446789","indexId":"5223451","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T12:18:43","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of temporal variability of survival in animal populations","docAbstract":"

Temporal variation of demographic characteristics for animal populations is of interest to both ecologists and biological modelers. The standard deviation of a series of estimated parameter values (e.g., estimated population size) or some function thereof (e.g., log of the estimated parameters) is commonly used as a measure of temporal variability. These measures of temporal variation overestimate the true temporal variation by not accounting for sampling variability inherent to the estimation of unknown population parameters. Using a variance-components approach to partitioning the total variability of an estimated parameter, we demonstrate the ease with which sampling variation can be removed from the observed total variation of parameter estimates. Estimates of temporal variability of survival are given after removal of sampling variation for three bird species: the federally listed Roseate Tern (Sterna dougallii), Black-capped Chickadees (Parus atricapillus), and Mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). Sampling variation accounted for the majority of the total variation in the survival estimates for nearly all of the populations studied. Substantial differences in observed significance levels were observed when testing for demographic differences in temporal variation using temporal variance estimates adjusted and unadjusted for sampling variance.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[2531:EOTVOS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Gould, W., and Nichols, J.D., 1998, Estimation of temporal variability of survival in animal populations: Ecology, v. 79, no. 7, p. 2531-2538, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[2531:EOTVOS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2531","endPage":"2538","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197884,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cce4b07f02db543fdc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gould, William R.","contributorId":244516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gould","given":"William R.","affiliations":[{"id":27575,"text":"NMSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":338787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":200533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":338788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27474,"text":"wri974262 - 1998 - Ground-water flow in the surficial aquifer system and potential movement of contaminants from selected waste-disposal sites at Naval Station Mayport, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:26","indexId":"wri974262","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4262","title":"Ground-water flow in the surficial aquifer system and potential movement of contaminants from selected waste-disposal sites at Naval Station Mayport, Florida","docAbstract":"Ground-water flow through the surficial aquifer system at Naval Station Mayport near Jacksonville, Florida, was simulated with a two-layer finite-difference model as part of an investigation conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey. The model was calibrated to 229 water-level measurements from 181 wells during three synoptic surveys (July 17, 1995; July 31, 1996; and October 24, 1996). A quantifiable understanding of ground-water flow through the surficial aquifer was needed to evaluate remedial-action alternatives under consideration by the Naval Station Mayport to control the possible movement of contaminants from sites on the station. Multi-well aquifer tests, single-well tests, and slug tests were conducted to estimate the hydraulic properties of the surficial aquifer system, which was divided into three geohydrologic units?an S-zone and an I-zone separated by a marsh-muck confining unit. The recharge rate was estimated to range from 4 to 15 inches per year (95 percent confidence limits), based on a chloride-ratio method. Most of the simulations following model calibration were based on a recharge rate of 8 inches per year to unirrigated pervious areas. The advective displacement of saline pore water during the last 200 years was simulated using a particle-tracking routine, MODPATH, applied to calibrated steady-state and transient models of the Mayport peninsula. The surficial aquifer system at Naval Station Mayport has been modified greatly by natural and anthropogenic forces so that the freshwater flow system is expanding and saltwater is being flushed from the system. A new MODFLOW package (VAR1) was written to simulate the temporal variation of hydraulic properties caused by construction activities at Naval Station Mayport. The transiently simulated saltwater distribution after 200 years of displacement described the chloride distribution in the I-zone (determined from measurements made during 1993 and 1996) better than the steady-state simulation. The advective movement of contaminants from selected sites within the solid waste management units to discharge points was simulated using MODPATH. Most of the particles were discharged to the nearest surface-water feature after traveling less than 1,000 feet in the ground-water system. Most areas within 1,000 feet of a surface-water feature or storm sewer had traveltimes of less than 50 years, based on an effective porosity of 40 percent. Contributing areas, traveltimes, and pathlines were identified for 224 wells at Naval Station Mayport under steady-state and transient conditions by back-tracking a particle from the midpoint of the wetted screen of each well. Traveltimes to contributing areas that ranged between 15 and 50 years, estimated by the steady-state model, differed most from the transient traveltime estimates. Estimates of traveltimes and pathlines based on steady-state model results typically were 10 to 20 years more and about twice as long as corresponding estimates from the transient model. The models differed because the steady-state model simulated 1996 conditions when Naval Station Mayport had more impervious surfaces than at any earlier time. The expansion of the impervious surfaces increased the average distance between contributing areas and observation wells.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974262","usgsCitation":"Halford, K.J., 1998, Ground-water flow in the surficial aquifer system and potential movement of contaminants from selected waste-disposal sites at Naval Station Mayport, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4262, v, 104 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974262.","productDescription":"v, 104 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2132,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wrI974262/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_97_4262.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaee4b07f02db66c82d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halford, K. J. 0000-0002-7322-1846","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7322-1846","contributorId":61077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halford","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28899,"text":"wri974246 - 1998 - A simulation-optimization model for water-resources management, Santa Barbara, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:47","indexId":"wri974246","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4246","title":"A simulation-optimization model for water-resources management, Santa Barbara, California","docAbstract":"In times of drought, the local water supplies of the city of Santa Barbara, California, are insufficient to satisfy water demand. In response, the city has built a seawater desalination plant and gained access to imported water in 1997. Of primary concern to the city is delivering water from the various sources at a minimum cost while satisfying water demand and controlling seawater intrusion that might result from the overpumping of ground water.\r\nA simulation-optimization model has been developed for the optimal management of Santa Barbara?s water resources. The objective is to minimize the cost of water supply while satisfying various physical and institutional constraints such as meeting water demand, maintaining minimum hydraulic heads at selected sites, and not exceeding water-delivery or pumping capacities. The model is formulated as a linear programming problem with monthly management periods and a total planning horizon of 5 years. The decision variables are water deliveries from surface water (Gibraltar Reservoir, Cachuma Reservoir, Cachuma Reservoir cumulative annual carryover, Mission Tunnel, State Water Project, and desalinated seawater) and ground water (13 production wells). The state variables are hydraulic heads. Basic assumptions for all simulations are that (1) the cost of water varies with source but is fixed over time, and (2) only existing or planned city wells are considered; that is, the construction of new wells is not allowed.\r\nThe drought of 1947?51 is Santa Barbara?s worst drought on record, and simulated surface-water supplies for this period were used as a basis for testing optimal management of current water resources under drought conditions. Assumptions that were made for this base case include a head constraint equal to sea level at the coastal nodes; Cachuma Reservoir carryover of 3,000 acre-feet per year, with a maximum carryover of 8,277 acre-feet; a maximum annual demand of 15,000 acre-feet; and average monthly capacities for the Cachuma and the Gibraltar Reservoirs. The base-case results indicate that water demands can be met, with little water required from the most expensive water source (desalinated seawater), at a total cost of $5.56 million over the 5-year planning horizon. The simulation model has drains, which operate as nonlinear functions of heads and could affect the model solutions. However, numerical tests show that the drains have little effect on the optimal solution.\r\nSensitivity analyses on the base case yield the following results: If allowable Cachuma Reservoir carryover is decreased by about 50 percent, then costs increase by about 14 percent; if the peak demand is decreased by 7 percent, then costs will decrease by about 14 percent; if the head constraints are loosened to -30 feet, then the costs decrease by about 18 percent; if the heads are constrained such that a zero hydraulic gradient condition occurs at the ocean boundary, then the optimization problem does not have a solution; if the capacity of the desalination plant is constrained to zero acre-feet, then the cost increases by about 2 percent; and if the carryover of State Water Project water is implemented, then the cost decreases by about 0.5 percent.\r\nFour additional monthly diversion distribution scenarios for the reservoirs were tested: average monthly Cachuma Reservoir deliveries with the actual (scenario 1) and proposed (scenario 2) monthly distributions of Gibraltar Reservoir water, and variable monthly Cachuma Reservoir deliveries with the actual (scenario 3) and proposed (scenario 4) monthly distributions of Gibraltar Reservoir water. Scenario 1 resulted in a total cost of about $7.55 million, scenario 2 resulted in a total cost of about $5.07 million, and scenarios 3 and 4 resulted in a total cost of about $4.53 million.\r\nSensitivities of the scenarios 1 and 2 to desalination-plant capacity and State Water Project water carryover were tested. The scenario 1 sensitivity analysis indicated that incorpo","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri974246","usgsCitation":"Nishikawa, T., 1998, A simulation-optimization model for water-resources management, Santa Barbara, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4246, vii, 99 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974246.","productDescription":"vii, 99 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4246/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57774,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4246/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a6466","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nishikawa, Tracy 0000-0002-7348-3838 tnish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-3838","contributorId":1515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishikawa","given":"Tracy","email":"tnish@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":200583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70019744,"text":"70019744 - 1998 - Wide-angle seismic constraints on the evolution of the deep San Andreas plate boundary by Mendocino triple junction migration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-05T22:18:29.89991","indexId":"70019744","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wide-angle seismic constraints on the evolution of the deep San Andreas plate boundary by Mendocino triple junction migration","docAbstract":"

Recent, wide-angle seismic observations that constrain the existence and structure of a mafic layer in the lower crust place strong constraints on the evolution of the San Andreas plate boundary system in northern and central California. Northward migration of the Mendocino Triple Junction and the subducted Juan de Fuca lithospheric slab creates a gap under the continent in the new strike-slip system. This gap must be filled by either asthenospheric upwelling or a northward migrating slab attached to the Pacific plate. Both processes emplace a mafic layer, either magmatic underplating or oceanic crust, beneath the California Coast Ranges. A slab of oceanic lithosphere attached to the Pacific plate is inconsistent with the seismic observation that the strike-slip faults cut through the mafic layer to the mantle, detaching the layer from the Pacific plate. The layer could only be attached to the Pacific plate if large vertical offsets and other complex structures observed beneath several strike-slip faults are original oceanic structures that are not caused by the faults. Otherwise, if oceanic slabs exist beneath California, they do not migrate north to fill the growing slab gap. The extreme heat pulse created by asthenospheric upwelling is inconsistent with several constraints from the seismic data, including a shallower depth to the slab gap than is predicted by heat flow models, seismic velocity and structure that are inconsistent with melting or metamorphism of the overlying silicic crust, and a high seismic velocity in the upper mantle. Yet either the Pacific slab model or the asthenospheric upwelling model must be correct. While the mafic material in the lower crust could have been emplaced prior to triple junction migration, the deeper slab gap must still be filled. A preexisting mafic layer does not reduce the inconsistencies of the Pacific slab model. Such material could, however, compensate for the decrease in mafic magma that would be produced if asthenospheric upwelling occurred at a lower temperature. These low temperatures, however, may be inconsistent with asthenospheric rheology.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98TC02261","issn":"02787407","usgsCitation":"Hole, J., Beaudoin, B.C., and Henstock, T., 1998, Wide-angle seismic constraints on the evolution of the deep San Andreas plate boundary by Mendocino triple junction migration: Tectonics, v. 17, no. 5, p. 802-818, https://doi.org/10.1029/98TC02261.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"802","endPage":"818","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228092,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.6995339347612,\n 42.47450117327048\n ],\n [\n -124.38558018287661,\n 37.53692647642121\n ],\n [\n -118.69600130894395,\n 31.930890819621496\n ],\n [\n -114.36407333786796,\n 31.93816032345896\n ],\n [\n -114.45543429950521,\n 35.19403031918791\n ],\n [\n -119.77864663518723,\n 39.0188521865514\n ],\n [\n -119.80552009437676,\n 41.808135602025295\n ],\n [\n -119.5631965894626,\n 42.48035994350795\n ],\n [\n -124.6995339347612,\n 42.47450117327048\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd0aae4b08c986b32efbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hole, J.A.","contributorId":103422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hole","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beaudoin, B. C.","contributorId":17629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaudoin","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henstock, T.J.","contributorId":99713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henstock","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":22572,"text":"ofr98249 - 1998 - Compilation of 29 sonic and density logs from 23 oil test wells in western Washington State","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-08T15:02:39","indexId":"ofr98249","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-249","title":"Compilation of 29 sonic and density logs from 23 oil test wells in western Washington State","docAbstract":"Three-dimensional velocity models for Puget Sound provide a means for better understanding the lateral variations in strong ground motions recorded during local earthquakes in Puget Lowland. We have compiled 29 sonic and density logs from 23 oil test wells to help us determine the geometry and physical properties of the Cenozoic basins in western Washington. The maximum depths sampled by the test wells are between 0.47 and 4.04 km. These well logs sample Quaternary to Eocene sedimentary and volcanic rocks. This report presents the locations, elevations, depths, stratigraphic and other information about the test wells, and provides plots showing the density and sonic velocities as a function of depth for each well log. We also present two-way travel times calculated from the sonic velocities.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98249","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Brocher, T.M., and Ruebel, A.L., 1998, Compilation of 29 sonic and density logs from 23 oil test wells in western Washington State: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-249, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98249.","productDescription":"60 p.","numberOfPages":"61","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1355,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0249/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52055,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0249/pdf/of98-249.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":285906,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr98249.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Lowland;Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125.0,47.0 ], [ -125.0,49.0 ], [ -122.0,49.0 ], [ -122.0,47.0 ], [ -125.0,47.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6ab6c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brocher, Thomas M. 0000-0002-9740-839X brocher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"Thomas","email":"brocher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruebel, April L.","contributorId":40241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruebel","given":"April","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22318,"text":"ofr98353A - 1998 - Antarctic ice sheet; computer animations and paper model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-27T12:32:36","indexId":"ofr98353A","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-353","chapter":"A","title":"Antarctic ice sheet; computer animations and paper model","docAbstract":"

This report illustrates, through computer animation and a paper model, why there are changes on the ice sheet that covers the Antarctica continent. By studying the animations and the paper model, students will better understand the evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet.

\n

Included in the paper and diskette versions of this report are templates for making a paper-model, instructions for its assembly, and a discussion of development of the Antarctic ice sheet. In addition, the diskette version includes a animation of how Antarctica and its ice cover changes through time.

\n

Many people provided help and encouragement in the development of this HyperCard stack, particularly Page Mosier, Sue Priest and Art Ford. This report was enhanced by reviews from Bonnie Murchey, Peter Stauffer and Stephen Eittreim.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98353A","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Alpha, T.R., and Cooper, A.K., 1998, Antarctic ice sheet; computer animations and paper model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-353, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98353A.","productDescription":"49 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":51730,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0353a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154451,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0353a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b4a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpha, Tau Rho","contributorId":63371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpha","given":"Tau","email":"","middleInitial":"Rho","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooper, Alan K. acooper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"Alan","email":"acooper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24392,"text":"ofr98186 - 1998 - Modeling discharge, temperature, and water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":24392,"text":"ofr98186 - 1998 - Modeling discharge, temperature, and water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon","indexId":"ofr98186","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"title":"Modeling discharge, temperature, and water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2631,"text":"wsp2465B - 1999 - Modeling discharge, temperature, and water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon","indexId":"wsp2465B","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Modeling discharge, temperature, and water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":2631,"text":"wsp2465B - 1999 - Modeling discharge, temperature, and water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon","indexId":"wsp2465B","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Modeling discharge, temperature, and water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:19","indexId":"ofr98186","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-186","title":"Modeling discharge, temperature, and water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98186","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Rounds, S., Wood, T.M., and Lynch, D.D., 1998, Modeling discharge, temperature, and water quality in the Tualatin River, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-186, viii, 122 p. :ill. (some col.), map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98186.","productDescription":"viii, 122 p. :ill. (some col.), map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0186/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53488,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0186/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60fa4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rounds, S.A.","contributorId":88395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rounds","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, T. M.","contributorId":28273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lynch, D. D.","contributorId":12075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020059,"text":"70020059 - 1998 - Population demographics of two local South Carolina mourning dove populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-13T16:02:20.199597","indexId":"70020059","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population demographics of two local South Carolina mourning dove populations","docAbstract":"

The mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) call-count index had a significant (P < 0.01) negative trend in South Carolina and the Eastern Management Unit (EMU) during 1988-97. We initiated a banding study in 2 areas in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina to estimate population demographic parameters of doves to generate hypotheses that address the purported population declines. During 1992-96, we banded >2,300 doves and examined >6,000 individuals during harvest bag checks. An age-specific band recovery model with time- and area-specific recovery rates, and constant survival rates, was chosen for estimation via Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), likelihood ratio, and goodness-of-fit criteria. After-hatching-year (AHY) annual survival rate was 0.359 (SE = 0.056), and hatching-year (HY) annual survival rate was 0.118 (SE = 0.042). Average estimated recruitment per adult female into the prehunting season population was 3.40 (SE = 1.25) and 2.32 (SE = 0.46) for the 2 study areas. Our movement data support earlier hypotheses of nonmigratory breeding and harvested populations in South Carolina. Low survival rates and estimated population growth rate in the study areas may be representative only of small-scale areas that are heavily managed for dove hunting. Source-sink theory was used to develop a model of region-wide populations that is composed of source areas with positive growth rates and sink areas of declining growth. We suggest management of mourning doves in the Southeast might benefit from improved understanding of local population dynamics, as opposed to regional-scale population demographics.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3802011","usgsCitation":"McGowan, D.P., and Otis, D.L., 1998, Population demographics of two local South Carolina mourning dove populations: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 62, no. 4, p. 1443-1451, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802011.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1443","endPage":"1451","costCenters":[{"id":135,"text":"Biological Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227997,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Coastal Plain of South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.83066316401778,\n 34.134834334044896\n ],\n [\n -80.96713501123433,\n 34.134834334044896\n ],\n [\n -80.96713501123433,\n 32.08716615133787\n ],\n [\n -78.83066316401778,\n 32.08716615133787\n ],\n [\n -78.83066316401778,\n 34.134834334044896\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d38e4b0c8380cd79e0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGowan, Donald P. Jr.","contributorId":103810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Donald","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otis, David L.","contributorId":64396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otis","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}