The bull trout, listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act, is well adapted to the cold waters of the Northwest. Recent changes in climate have caused winter flooding and warmer summer water temperatures in the region, reducing the cold-water habitats that bull trout depend on. The southernmost bull trout populations, found in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, and Nevada, are currently restricted to small reserves where the coldest waters still exist. These shrinking habitats have created a severed environment being further split by dams, poor water quality, and invasive species.
The goal of this project was to determine how these factors threaten the species regionally by using predictions of stream temperature to map habitat areas that support juvenile bull trout. Results show that maintaining larger areas of cold water habitat had the greatest, positive impact on bull trout habitat conservation. Other conditions that support bull trout include very cold summer water temperatures, fewer winter floods, and fewer human disturbances (such as the building of dams). Based on these results, specific climate adaptation actions that local managers might consider include prioritizing land and water use to foster colder summer water temperatures, controlling invasive species, increasing connectivity between Bull Trout habitats, and continuing monitoring efforts.
To ensure that these results and habitat maps could be incorporated into management actions, researchers met with stakeholders including the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), the U.S. Forest Service, and the Burns Paiute Tribe. As a result, the maps were used in forest planning for the Lolo National Forest in Montana, the Wenatchee River basin, and in the lower Pend Oreille River during the relicensing process for local dam operations. In addition, the recovery plan proposed by the USFWS incorporated these models into detailed analyses of bull trout habitat loss, which managers can use to prioritize actions in their Recovery Unit Implementation Plans.
","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Climate Science Center","usgsCitation":"Dunham, J., 2015, Rangewide climate vulnerability assessment for threatened Bull Trout, 47 p.","productDescription":"47 p.","ipdsId":"IP-060209","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362358,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":298173,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cascprojects.org/#/project/4f8c64d2e4b0546c0c397b46/5006f464e4b0abf7ce733f90"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunham, Jason B. 0000-0002-6268-0633 jdunham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":1808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","email":"jdunham@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70127469,"text":"70127469 - 2015 - Threshold-dependent sample sizes for selenium assessment with stream fish tissue","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:58:43","indexId":"70127469","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-30T09:44:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2006,"text":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Threshold-dependent sample sizes for selenium assessment with stream fish tissue","docAbstract":"Natural resource managers are developing assessments of selenium (Se) contamination in freshwater ecosystems based on fish tissue concentrations. We evaluated the effects of sample size (i.e., number of fish per site) on the probability of correctly detecting mean whole-body Se values above a range of potential management thresholds. We modeled Se concentrations as gamma distributions with shape and scale parameters fitting an empirical mean-to-variance relationship in data from southwestern West Virginia, USA (63 collections, 382 individuals). We used parametric bootstrapping techniques to calculate statistical power as the probability of detecting true mean concentrations up to 3 mg Se/kg above management thresholds ranging from 4 to 8 mg Se/kg. Sample sizes required to achieve 80% power varied as a function of management thresholds and Type I error tolerance (α). Higher thresholds required more samples than lower thresholds because populations were more heterogeneous at higher mean Se levels. For instance, to assess a management threshold of 4 mg Se/kg, a sample of eight fish could detect an increase of approximately 1 mg Se/kg with 80% power (given α = 0.05), but this sample size would be unable to detect such an increase from a management threshold of 8 mg Se/kg with more than a coin-flip probability. Increasing α decreased sample size requirements to detect above-threshold mean Se concentrations with 80% power. For instance, at an α-level of 0.05, an 8-fish sample could detect an increase of approximately 2 units above a threshold of 8 mg Se/kg with 80% power, but when α was relaxed to 0.2, this sample size was more sensitive to increasing mean Se concentrations, allowing detection of an increase of approximately 1.2 units with equivalent power. Combining individuals into 2- and 4-fish composite samples for laboratory analysis did not decrease power because the reduced number of laboratory samples was compensated for by increased precision of composites for estimating mean conditions. However, low sample sizes (<5 fish) did not achieve 80% power to detect near-threshold values (i.e., <1 mg Se/kg) under any scenario we evaluated. This analysis can assist the sampling design and interpretation of Se assessments from fish tissue by accounting for natural variation in stream fish populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"SETAC","publisherLocation":"Pensacola, FL","doi":"10.1002/ieam.1579","usgsCitation":"Hitt, N.P., and Smith, D., 2015, Threshold-dependent sample sizes for selenium assessment with stream fish tissue: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 11, no. 1, p. 143-149, https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1579.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"149","ipdsId":"IP-053353","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1579","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294604,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1579"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bb80ee4b0abfb4c8096b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitt, Nathaniel P. 0000-0002-1046-4568 nhitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1046-4568","contributorId":4435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nhitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, David R.","contributorId":173756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70126913,"text":"70126913 - 2015 - Data worth and prediction uncertainty for pesticide transport and fate models in Nebraska and Maryland, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-02T11:03:52","indexId":"70126913","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-25T10:10:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3035,"text":"Pest Management Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Data worth and prediction uncertainty for pesticide transport and fate models in Nebraska and Maryland, United States","docAbstract":"Complex environmental models are frequently extrapolated to overcome data limitations in space and time, but quantifying data worth to such models is rarely attempted. The authors determined which field observations most informed the parameters of agricultural system models applied to field sites in Nebraska (NE) and Maryland (MD), and identified parameters and observations that most influenced prediction uncertainty.
\nThe standard error of regression of the calibrated models was about the same at both NE (0.59) and MD (0.58), and overall reductions in prediction uncertainties of metolachlor and metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid concentrations were 98.0 and 98.6% respectively. Observation data groups reduced the prediction uncertainty by 55–90% at NE and by 28–96% at MD. Soil hydraulic parameters were well informed by the observed data at both sites, but pesticide and macropore properties had comparatively larger contributions after model calibration.
\nAlthough the observed data were sparse, they substantially reduced prediction uncertainty in unsampled regions of pesticide breakthrough curves. Nitrate evidently functioned as a surrogate for soil hydraulic data in well-drained loam soils conducive to conservative transport of nitrogen. Pesticide properties and macropore parameters could most benefit from improved characterization further to reduce model misfit and prediction uncertainty.
\n\n
RESULTS: The standard error of regression of the calibrated models was about the same at both NE (0.59) and MD (0.58), and overall reductions in prediction uncertainties of metolachlor and metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid concentrations were 98.0 and 98.6% respectively. Observation data groups reduced the prediction uncertainty by 55–90% at NE and by 28–96% at MD. Soil hydraulic parameters were well informed by the observed data at both sites, but pesticide and macropore properties had comparatively larger contributions after model calibration.
\n\n
CONCLUSIONS: Although the observed data were sparse, they substantially reduced prediction uncertainty in unsampled regions of pesticide breakthrough curves. Nitrate evidently functioned as a surrogate for soil hydraulic data in well-drained loam soils conducive to conservative transport of nitrogen. Pesticide properties and macropore parameters could most benefit from improved characterization further to reduce model misfit and prediction uncertainty.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ps.3875","usgsCitation":"Nolan, B.T., Malone, R.W., Doherty, J.E., Barbash, J.E., Ma, L., and Shaner, D.L., 2015, Data worth and prediction uncertainty for pesticide transport and fate models in Nebraska and Maryland, United States: Pest Management Science, v. 71, no. 7, p. 972-985, https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3875.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"972","endPage":"985","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044123","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294476,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294473,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ps.3875"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl;Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.0535,37.8886 ], [ -104.0535,43.0017 ], [ -75.0492,43.0017 ], [ -75.0492,37.8886 ], [ -104.0535,37.8886 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"71","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54252087e4b0e641df8a6d92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nolan, Bernard T. 0000-0002-6945-9659 btnolan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-9659","contributorId":2190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"Bernard","email":"btnolan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malone, Robert W.","contributorId":10347,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malone","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":502185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doherty, John E.","contributorId":8817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doherty","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7046,"text":"Watermark Numerical Computing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":502184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barbash, Jack E. 0000-0001-9854-8880 jbarbash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9854-8880","contributorId":1003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbash","given":"Jack","email":"jbarbash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ma, Liwang","contributorId":6751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Liwang","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":502183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shaner, Dale L.","contributorId":100766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaner","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70108458,"text":"70108458 - 2015 - Understanding heat and groundwater flow through continental flood basalt provinces: insights gained from alternative models of permeability/depth relationships for the Columbia Plateau, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-22T12:54:07","indexId":"70108458","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-19T14:32:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1765,"text":"Geofluids","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding heat and groundwater flow through continental flood basalt provinces: insights gained from alternative models of permeability/depth relationships for the Columbia Plateau, USA","docAbstract":"Heat-flow mapping of the western USA has identified an apparent low-heat-flow anomaly coincident with the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, a thick sequence of basalt aquifers within the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG). A heat and mass transport model (SUTRA) was used to evaluate the potential impact of groundwater flow on heat flow along two different regional groundwater flow paths. Limited in situ permeability (k) data from the CRBG are compatible with a steep permeability decrease (approximately 3.5 orders of magnitude) at 600–900 m depth and approximately 40°C. Numerical simulations incorporating this permeability decrease demonstrate that regional groundwater flow can explain lower-than-expected heat flow in these highly anisotropic (kx/kz ~ 104) continental flood basalts. Simulation results indicate that the abrupt reduction in permeability at approximately 600 m depth results in an equivalently abrupt transition from a shallow region where heat flow is affected by groundwater flow to a deeper region of conduction-dominated heat flow. Most existing heat-flow measurements within the CRBG are from shallower than 600 m depth or near regional groundwater discharge zones, so that heat-flow maps generated using these data are likely influenced by groundwater flow. Substantial k decreases at similar temperatures have also been observed in the volcanic rocks of the adjacent Cascade Range volcanic arc and at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, where they result from low-temperature hydrothermal alteration.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geofluids","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gfl.12095","usgsCitation":"Burns, E., Williams, C.F., Ingebritsen, S.E., Voss, C.I., Spane, F.A., and DeAngelo, J., 2015, Understanding heat and groundwater flow through continental flood basalt provinces: insights gained from alternative models of permeability/depth relationships for the Columbia Plateau, USA: Geofluids, v. 15, no. 1-2, p. 120-138, https://doi.org/10.1111/gfl.12095.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"120","endPage":"138","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053358","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gfl.12095","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294238,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294237,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gfl.12095"},{"id":294239,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gfl.12095/abstract"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Oregon;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Plateau","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122,44.5 ], [ -122,48.5 ], [ -116.5,48.5 ], [ -116.5,44.5 ], [ -122,44.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"15","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541d3790e4b0f68901ebd9d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burns, Erick R. 0000-0002-1747-0506","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1747-0506","contributorId":84802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Erick R.","affiliations":[{"id":310,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy and Geophysics Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Colin F. 0000-0003-2196-5496 colin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-5496","contributorId":274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Colin","email":"colin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ingebritsen, Steven E. 0000-0001-6917-9369 seingebr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-9369","contributorId":818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"Steven","email":"seingebr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spane, Frank A.","contributorId":38910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spane","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DeAngelo, Jacob jdeangelo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelo","given":"Jacob","email":"jdeangelo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70127956,"text":"70127956 - 2015 - Development of ten microsatellite loci in the invasive giant African land snail, Achatina (=Lissachatina) fulica Bowdich, 1822","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-23T16:15:24","indexId":"70127956","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-19T09:46:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1325,"text":"Conservation Genetics Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of ten microsatellite loci in the invasive giant African land snail, Achatina (=Lissachatina) fulica Bowdich, 1822","docAbstract":"A suite of tetra-nucleotide microsatellite loci were developed for the invasive giant African land snail, Achatina (=Lissachatina) fulica Bowdich, 1822, from Ion Torrent next-generation sequencing data. Ten of the 96 primer sets tested amplified consistently in 30 snails from Miami, Florida, plus 12 individuals representative of their native East Africa, Indian and Pacific Ocean regions. The loci displayed moderate levels of allelic diversity (average 5.6 alleles/locus) and heterozygosity (average 42 %). Levels of genetic diversity were sufficient to produce unique multi-locus genotypes and detect phylogeographic structuring among regional samples. The invasive A. fulica can cause extensive damage to important food crops and natural resources, including native flora and fauna. The loci characterized here will be useful for determining the origins and tracking the spread of invasions, detecting fine-scale spatial structuring and estimating demographic parameters.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Genetics Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12686-014-0332-3","usgsCitation":"Morrison, C., Springmann, M.J., Iwanowicz, D., and Wade, C.M., 2015, Development of ten microsatellite loci in the invasive giant African land snail, Achatina (=Lissachatina) fulica Bowdich, 1822: Conservation Genetics Resources, v. 7, no. 1, p. 201-202, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-014-0332-3.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"202","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059479","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/3189010","text":"External Repository"},{"id":294895,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294888,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12686-014-0332-3"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542fba9ce4b092f17df61d00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl L. 0000-0001-9425-691X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":18288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Springmann, Marcus J. mspringmann@usgs.gov","contributorId":4372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Springmann","given":"Marcus","email":"mspringmann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Deborah D.","contributorId":39704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Deborah D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wade, Christopher M.","contributorId":9186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wade","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70125289,"text":"70125289 - 2015 - Long-term decrease in satellite vegetation indices in response to environmental variables in an iconic desert riparian ecosystem: the Upper San Pedro, Arizona, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T15:50:43","indexId":"70125289","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-18T13:43:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term decrease in satellite vegetation indices in response to environmental variables in an iconic desert riparian ecosystem: the Upper San Pedro, Arizona, United States","docAbstract":"The Upper San Pedro River is one of the few remaining undammed rivers that maintain a vibrant riparian ecosystem in the southwest United States. However, its riparian forest is threatened by diminishing groundwater and surface water inputs, due to either changes in watershed characteristics such as changes in riparian and upland vegetation, or human activities such as regional groundwater pumping. We used satellite vegetation indices to quantify the green leaf density of the groundwater-dependent riparian forest from 1984 to 2012. The river was divided into a southern, upstream (mainly perennial flow) reach and a northern, downstream (mainly intermittent and ephemeral flow) reach. Pre-monsoon (June) Landsat normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values showed a 20% drop for the northern reach (P < 0·001) and no net change for the southern reach (P > 0·05). NDVI and enhanced vegetation index values were positively correlated (P < 0·05) with river flows, which decreased over the study period in the northern reach, and negatively correlated (P < 0·05) with air temperatures in both reaches, which have increased by 1·4 °C from 1932 to 2012. NDVI in the uplands around the river did not increase from 1984 to 2012, suggesting that increased evapotranspiration in the uplands was not a factor in reducing river flows. Climate change, regional groundwater pumping, changes in the intensity of monsoon rain events and lack of overbank flooding are feasible explanations for deterioration of the riparian forest in the northern reach.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons Ltd.","doi":"10.1002/eco.1529","usgsCitation":"Nguyen, U., Glenn, E.P., Nagler, P.L., and Scott, R.L., 2015, Long-term decrease in satellite vegetation indices in response to environmental variables in an iconic desert riparian ecosystem: the Upper San Pedro, Arizona, United States: Ecohydrology, v. 8, no. 4, p. 610-625, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1529.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"610","endPage":"625","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052717","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294183,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294181,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eco.1529"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Upper San Pedro River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.433333,31.25 ], [ -110.433333,32.166667 ], [ -109.816667,32.166667 ], [ -109.816667,31.25 ], [ -110.433333,31.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541be60de4b0e96537dda074","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nguyen, Uyen","contributorId":71863,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nguyen","given":"Uyen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13060,"text":"Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":501145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glenn, Edward P.","contributorId":19289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scott, Russell L.","contributorId":39875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70125306,"text":"70125306 - 2015 - Forest Ecosystem respiration estimated from eddy covariance and chamber measurements under high turbulence and substantial tree mortality from bark beetles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-02T14:31:30","indexId":"70125306","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-18T10:49:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forest Ecosystem respiration estimated from eddy covariance and chamber measurements under high turbulence and substantial tree mortality from bark beetles","docAbstract":"Eddy covariance nighttime fluxes are uncertain due to potential measurement biases. Many studies report eddy covariance nighttime flux lower than flux from extrapolated chamber measurements, despite corrections for low turbulence. We compared eddy covariance and chamber estimates of ecosystem respiration at the GLEES Ameriflux site over seven growing seasons under high turbulence (summer night mean friction velocity (u*) = 0.7 m s−1), during which bark beetles killed or infested 85% of the aboveground respiring biomass. Chamber-based estimates of ecosystem respiration during the growth season, developed from foliage, wood and soil CO2 efflux measurements, declined 35% after 85% of the forest basal area had been killed or impaired by bark beetles (from 7.1 ±0.22 μmol m−2 s−1 in 2005 to 4.6 ±0.16 μmol m−2 s−1 in 2011). Soil efflux remained at ~3.3 μmol m−2 s−1 throughout the mortality, while the loss of live wood and foliage and their respiration drove the decline of the chamber estimate. Eddy covariance estimates of fluxes at night remained constant over the same period, ~3.0 μmol m−2 s−1 for both 2005 (intact forest) and 2011 (85% basal area killed or impaired). Eddy covariance fluxes were lower than chamber estimates of ecosystem respiration (60% lower in 2005, and 32% in 2011), but the mean night estimates from the two techniques were correlated within a year (r2 from 0.18-0.60). The difference between the two techniques was not the result of inadequate turbulence, because the results were robust to a u* filter of > 0.7 m s−1. The decline in the average seasonal difference between the two techniques was strongly correlated with overstory leaf area (r2=0.92). The discrepancy between methods of respiration estimation should be resolved to have confidence in ecosystem carbon flux estimates.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","publisherLocation":"Oxford, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12731","usgsCitation":"Speckman, H.N., Frank, J.M., Bradford, J.B., Miles, B.L., Massman, W.J., Parton, W.J., and Ryan, M., 2015, Forest Ecosystem respiration estimated from eddy covariance and chamber measurements under high turbulence and substantial tree mortality from bark beetles: Global Change Biology, v. 21, no. 1, p. 708-721, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12731.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"708","endPage":"721","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058138","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294128,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293880,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12731"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.2938,41.3102 ], [ -106.2938,41.3858 ], [ -106.181,41.3858 ], [ -106.181,41.3102 ], [ -106.2938,41.3102 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541be606e4b0e96537dda049","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Speckman, Heather N.","contributorId":65777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speckman","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frank, John M.","contributorId":11969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miles, Brianna L.","contributorId":100765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"Brianna","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Massman, William J.","contributorId":24707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massman","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parton, William J.","contributorId":55545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parton","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ryan, Michael G.","contributorId":101580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"Michael G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70125710,"text":"70125710 - 2015 - MODFLOW-based coupled surface water routing and groundwater-flow simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-05T11:34:56","indexId":"70125710","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-17T15:23:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"MODFLOW-based coupled surface water routing and groundwater-flow simulation","docAbstract":"In this paper, we present a flexible approach for simulating one- and two-dimensional routing of surface water using a numerical surface water routing (SWR) code implicitly coupled to the groundwater-flow process in MODFLOW. Surface water routing in SWR can be simulated using a diffusive-wave approximation of the Saint-Venant equations and/or a simplified level-pool approach. SWR can account for surface water flow controlled by backwater conditions caused by small water-surface gradients or surface water control structures. A number of typical surface water control structures, such as culverts, weirs, and gates, can be represented, and it is possible to implement operational rules to manage surface water stages and streamflow. The nonlinear system of surface water flow equations formulated in SWR is solved by using Newton methods and direct or iterative solvers. SWR was tested by simulating the (1) Lal axisymmetric overland flow, (2) V-catchment, and (3) modified Pinder-Sauer problems. Simulated results for these problems compare well with other published results and indicate that SWR provides accurate results for surface water-only and coupled surface water/groundwater problems. Results for an application of SWR and MODFLOW to the Snapper Creek area of Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA are also presented and demonstrate the value of coupled surface water and groundwater simulation in managed, low-relief coastal settings.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Groundwater","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12216","usgsCitation":"Hughes, J.D., Langevin, C.D., and White, J., 2015, MODFLOW-based coupled surface water routing and groundwater-flow simulation: Groundwater, v. 53, no. 3, p. 452-463, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12216.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"452","endPage":"463","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053378","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294069,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12216"}],"volume":"53","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541a9491e4b01571b3d4cc5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hughes, Joseph D. 0000-0003-1311-2354 jdhughes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1311-2354","contributorId":2492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Joseph","email":"jdhughes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langevin, Christian D. 0000-0001-5610-9759 langevin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5610-9759","contributorId":1030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"Christian","email":"langevin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Jeremy T. jwhite@usgs.gov","contributorId":3930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Jeremy T.","email":"jwhite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70125432,"text":"70125432 - 2015 - How have fisheries affected parasite communities?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-09T15:27:36","indexId":"70125432","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-17T13:47:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3011,"text":"Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How have fisheries affected parasite communities?","docAbstract":"To understand how fisheries affect parasites, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies that contrasted parasite assemblages in fished and unfished areas. Parasite diversity was lower in hosts from fished areas. Larger hosts had a greater abundance of parasites, suggesting that fishing might reduce the abundance of parasites by selectively removing the largest, most heavily parasitized individuals. After controlling for size, the effect of fishing on parasite abundance varied according to whether the host was fished and the parasite's life cycle. Parasites of unfished hosts were more likely to increase in abundance in response to fishing than were parasites of fished hosts, possibly due to compensatory increases in the abundance of unfished hosts. While complex life cycle parasites tended to decline in abundance in response to fishing, directly transmitted parasites tended to increase. Among complex life cycle parasites, those with fished hosts tended to decline in abundance in response to fishing, while those with unfished hosts tended to increase. However, among directly transmitted parasites, responses did not differ between parasites with and without fished hosts. This work suggests that parasite assemblages are likely to change substantially in composition in increasingly fished ecosystems, and that parasite life history and fishing status of the host are important in predicting the response of individual parasite species or groups to fishing.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Parasitology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S003118201400002X","usgsCitation":"Wood, C., and Lafferty, K.D., 2015, How have fisheries affected parasite communities?: Parasitology, v. 142, no. 1, p. 134-144, https://doi.org/10.1017/S003118201400002X.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"134","endPage":"144","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054355","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293995,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S003118201400002X"}],"volume":"142","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541a948ee4b01571b3d4cc39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Chelsea L.","contributorId":36866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Chelsea L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70125494,"text":"70125494 - 2015 - Demography of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens): 1974-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-05T11:05:29","indexId":"70125494","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-17T09:47:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demography of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens): 1974-2006","docAbstract":"Global climate change may fundamentally alter population dynamics of many species for which baseline population parameter estimates are imprecise or lacking. Historically, the Pacific walrus is thought to have been limited by harvest, but it may become limited by global warming-induced reductions in sea ice. Loss of sea ice, on which walruses rest between foraging bouts, may reduce access to food, thus lowering vital rates. Rigorous walrus survival rate estimates do not exist, and other population parameter estimates are out of date or have well-documented bias and imprecision. To provide useful population parameter estimates we developed a Bayesian, hidden process demographic model of walrus population dynamics from 1974 through 2006 that combined annual age-specific harvest estimates with five population size estimates, six standing age structure estimates, and two reproductive rate estimates. Median density independent natural survival was high for juveniles (0.97) and adults (0.99), and annual density dependent vital rates rose from 0.06 to 0.11 for reproduction, 0.31 to 0.59 for survival of neonatal calves, and 0.39 to 0.85 for survival of older calves, concomitant with a population decline. This integrated population model provides a baseline for estimating changing population dynamics resulting from changing harvests or sea ice.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Mammal Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mms.12156","usgsCitation":"Taylor, R.L., and Udevitz, M.S., 2015, Demography of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens): 1974-2006: Marine Mammal Science, v. 31, no. 1, p. 231-254, https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12156.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"254","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050957","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294017,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mms.12156"},{"id":294021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541a948be4b01571b3d4cc17","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/mms.12156","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mms.12156","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Taylor Rebecca L., Udevitz Mark S.","journalName":"Marine Mammal Science","publicationDate":"9/5/2014","auditedOn":"11/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Rebecca L. 0000-0001-8459-7614 rebeccataylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8459-7614","contributorId":5112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Rebecca","email":"rebeccataylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70127954,"text":"70127954 - 2015 - Processes of arroyo filling in northern New Mexico, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-08T14:08:55","indexId":"70127954","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-16T10:09:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Processes of arroyo filling in northern New Mexico, USA","docAbstract":"We documented arroyo evolution at the tree, trench, and arroyo scales along the lower Rio Puerco and Chaco Wash in northern New Mexico, USA. We excavated 29 buried living woody plants and used burial signatures in their annual rings to date stratigraphy in four trenches across the arroyos. Then, we reconstructed the history of arroyo evolution by combining trench data with arroyo-scale information from aerial imagery, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), longitudinal profiles, and repeat surveys of cross sections. Burial signatures in annual rings of salt cedar and willow dated sedimentary beds greater than 30 cm thick with annual precision. Along both arroyos, incision occurred until the 1930s in association with extreme high flows, and subsequent filling involved vegetation development, channel narrowing, increased sinuosity, and finally vertical aggradation. A strongly depositional sediment transport regime interacted with floodplain shrubs to produce a characteristic narrow, trapezoidal channel. The 55 km study reach along the Rio Puerco demonstrated upstream progression of arroyo widening and filling, but not of arroyo incision, channel narrowing, or floodplain vegetation development. We conclude that the occurrence of upstream progression within large basins like the Rio Puerco makes precise synchrony across basins impossible. Arroyo wall retreat is now mostly limited to locations where meanders impinge on the arroyo wall, forming hairpin bends, for which entry to and exit from the wall are stationary. Average annual sediment storage within the Rio Puerco study reach between 1955 and 2005 was 4.8 × 105 t/yr, 16% of the average annual suspended sediment yield, and 24% of the long-term bedrock denudation rate. At this rate, the arroyo would fill in 310 yr.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B31046.1","usgsCitation":"Friedman, J.M., Vincent, K.R., Griffin, E.R., Scott, M.L., Shafroth, P.B., and Auble, G.T., 2015, Processes of arroyo filling in northern New Mexico, USA: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 127, no. 3-4, p. 621-640, https://doi.org/10.1130/B31046.1.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"621","endPage":"640","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056455","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294899,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335014,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F72N50CM","text":"Lower Rio Puerco geospatial data, 1935 - 2014"},{"id":294887,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B31046.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Chaco River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.05029296875,\n 33.137551192346145\n ],\n [\n -109.05029296875,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -106.710205078125,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -106.710205078125,\n 33.137551192346145\n ],\n [\n -109.05029296875,\n 33.137551192346145\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"127","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542fbaa7e4b092f17df61d7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-1329-0663 friedmanj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-0663","contributorId":2473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Jonathan","email":"friedmanj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vincent, Kirk R.","contributorId":75073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vincent","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffin, Eleanor R. 0000-0001-6724-9853 egriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6724-9853","contributorId":1775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Eleanor","email":"egriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scott, Michael L. scottm@usgs.gov","contributorId":1169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Michael","email":"scottm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shafroth, Patrick B. 0000-0002-6064-871X shafrothp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6064-871X","contributorId":2000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"Patrick","email":"shafrothp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Auble, Gregor T. 0000-0002-0843-2751 aubleg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-2751","contributorId":2187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"Gregor","email":"aubleg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70126216,"text":"70126216 - 2015 - Dietary mercury exposure to endangered California Clapper Rails in San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T11:10:34","indexId":"70126216","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-15T09:53:05","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dietary mercury exposure to endangered California Clapper Rails in San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"California Clapper Rails (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) are an endangered waterbird that forage in tidal-marsh habitats that pose risks from mercury exposure. We analyzed total mercury (Hg) in six macro-invertebrate and one fish species representing Clapper Rail diets from four tidal-marshes in San Francisco Bay, California. Mercury concentrations among individual taxa ranged from lowest at Colma Creek (mean range: 0.09–0.2 μg/g dw) to highest at Cogswell (0.2–0.7), Laumeister (0.2–0.9) and Arrowhead Marshes (0.3–1.9). These spatial patterns for Hg matched patterns reported previously in Clapper Rail blood from the same four marshes. Over 25% of eastern mudsnails (Ilyanassa obsolete) and staghorn sculpin (Leptocottus armatus) exceeded dietary Hg concentrations (ww) often associated with avian reproductive impairment. Our results indicate that Hg concentrations vary considerably among tidal-marshes and diet taxa, and Hg concentrations of prey may provide an appropriate proxy for relative exposure risk for Clapper Rails.","language":"English","publisher":"Pergamon","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.009","usgsCitation":"Casazza, M.L., Ricca, M., Overton, C.T., Takekawa, J.Y., Merritt, A., and Ackerman, J., 2015, Dietary mercury exposure to endangered California Clapper Rails in San Francisco Bay: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 86, no. 1-2, p. 254-260, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.009.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"260","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-055981","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294230,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.009"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.522833,37.445189 ], [ -122.522833,38.144192 ], [ -122.036897,38.144192 ], [ -122.036897,37.445189 ], [ -122.522833,37.445189 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"86","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb22e4b08312ac7ceff3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ricca, Mark A.","contributorId":39736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricca","given":"Mark A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overton, Cory T. 0000-0002-5060-7447 coverton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-7447","contributorId":3262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overton","given":"Cory","email":"coverton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Merritt, Angela amerritt@usgs.gov","contributorId":5894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merritt","given":"Angela","email":"amerritt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":501948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70124547,"text":"70124547 - 2015 - Potential future land use threats to California's protected areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-17T11:47:05","indexId":"70124547","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-12T11:50:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3242,"text":"Regional Environmental Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential future land use threats to California's protected areas","docAbstract":"Increasing pressures from land use coupled with future changes in climate will present unique challenges for California’s protected areas. We assessed the potential for future land use conversion on land surrounding existing protected areas in California’s twelve ecoregions, utilizing annual, spatially explicit (250 m) scenario projections of land use for 2006–2100 based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emission Scenarios to examine future changes in development, agriculture, and logging. We calculated a conversion threat index (CTI) for each unprotected pixel, combining land use conversion potential with proximity to protected area boundaries, in order to identify ecoregions and protected areas at greatest potential risk of proximal land conversion. Our results indicate that California’s Coast Range ecoregion had the highest CTI with competition for extractive logging placing the greatest demand on land in close proximity to existing protected areas. For more permanent land use conversions into agriculture and developed uses, our CTI results indicate that protected areas in the Central California Valley and Oak Woodlands are most vulnerable. Overall, the Eastern Cascades, Central California Valley, and Oak Woodlands ecoregions had the lowest areal percent of protected lands and highest conversion threat values. With limited resources and time, rapid, landscape-level analysis of potential land use threats can help quickly identify areas with higher conversion probability of future land use and potential changes to both habitat and potential ecosystem reserves. Given the broad range of future uncertainties, LULC projections are a useful tool allowing land managers to visualize alternative landscape futures, improve planning, and optimize management practices.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10113-014-0686-9","usgsCitation":"Wilson, T.S., Sleeter, B.M., and Davis, A.W., 2015, Potential future land use threats to California's protected areas: Regional Environmental Change, v. 15, no. 6, p. 1051-1064, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0686-9.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1051","endPage":"1064","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049757","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0686-9","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":293823,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293786,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0686-9"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,32.53 ], [ -124.41,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.41,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"15","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5413fd24e4b082fed288b8d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Tamara Sue","contributorId":69906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Tamara","email":"","middleInitial":"Sue","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin Michael","contributorId":13165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, Adam Wilkinson","contributorId":23864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"Wilkinson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70124416,"text":"70124416 - 2015 - Patterns in diurnal airspace use by migratory landbirds along an ecological barrier","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T13:00:07","indexId":"70124416","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-12T11:26:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns in diurnal airspace use by migratory landbirds along an ecological barrier","docAbstract":"Migratory bird populations and survival are affected by conditions experienced during migration. While many studies and conservation and management efforts focus on terrestrial stoppage and staging areas, the aerial environment through which migrants move also is subjected to anthropogenic impacts with potential consequences to migratory movement and survival. During autumn migration, the northern coastline of Lake Superior acts as an ecological barrier for many landbirds migrating out of the boreal forests of North America. From 24 observation points, we assessed the diurnal movements of birds throughout autumn migration, 2008-2010, within a 210 km by 10 km coastal region along the northern coast of Lake Superior. Several raptor species showed patterns in airspace associated with topographic features such as proximity to the coastline and presence of ridgelines. Funneling movement, commonly used to describe the concentration of raptors along a migratory diversion line that either prevents or enhances migration progress, occurred only for Bald and Golden Eagles. This suggests a \"leaky\" migration funnel for most migratory raptors (e.g., migrating birds exiting the purported migration corridor). Passerines migrating during the late season showed more spatial and temporal structure in airspace distribution than raptors, including funneling and an association with airspace near the coast. We conclude that a) the diurnal use of airspace by many migratory landbirds is patterned in space and time, b) autumn count sites situated along ecological barriers substantially underestimate the number of raptors due to 'leakage' out of these concentration areas, and c) the magnitude and structure of diurnal passerine movements in airspace have been overlooked. The heavy and structured use of airspace by migratory landbirds, especially the airspace associated with anthropogenic development (e.g., buildings, towers, turbines) necessitates a shift in focus to airspace management and conservation attention for these animals.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/14-0277.1","usgsCitation":"Peterson, A.C., Niemi, G.J., and Johnson, D.H., 2015, Patterns in diurnal airspace use by migratory landbirds along an ecological barrier: Ecological Applications, v. 25, no. 3, p. 673-684, https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0277.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"673","endPage":"684","ipdsId":"IP-058294","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293817,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293768,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/14-0277.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Lake Superior","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.395,46.6607 ], [ -92.395,48.2942 ], [ -89.4617,48.2942 ], [ -89.4617,46.6607 ], [ -92.395,46.6607 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5413fd23e4b082fed288b8cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Anna C.","contributorId":42892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Niemi, Gerald J.","contributorId":71904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niemi","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70124289,"text":"70124289 - 2015 - A century of ocean warming on Florida Keys coral reefs: historic in situ observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-17T11:48:37","indexId":"70124289","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-11T10:55:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A century of ocean warming on Florida Keys coral reefs: historic in situ observations","docAbstract":"There is strong evidence that global climate change over the last several decades has caused shifts in species distributions, species extinctions, and alterations in the functioning of ecosystems. However, because of high variability on short (i.e., diurnal, seasonal, and annual) timescales as well as the recency of a comprehensive instrumental record, it is difficult to detect or provide evidence for long-term, site-specific trends in ocean temperature. Here we analyze five in situ datasets from Florida Keys coral reef habitats, including historic measurements taken by lighthouse keepers, to provide three independent lines of evidence supporting approximately 0.8 °C of warming in sea surface temperature (SST) over the last century. Results indicate that the warming observed in the records between 1878 and 2012 can be fully accounted for by the warming observed in recent decades (from 1975 to 2007), documented using in situ thermographs on a mid-shore patch reef. The magnitude of warming revealed here is similar to that found in other SST datasets from the region and to that observed in global mean surface temperature. The geologic context and significance of recent ocean warming to coral growth and population dynamics are discussed, as is the future prognosis for the Florida reef tract.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer US","doi":"10.1007/s12237-014-9875-5","usgsCitation":"Kuffner, I.B., Lidz, B.H., Hudson, J., and Anderson, J., 2015, A century of ocean warming on Florida Keys coral reefs: historic in situ observations: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 38, no. 3, p. 1085-1096, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9875-5.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1085","endPage":"1096","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057077","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472469,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9875-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":293673,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293672,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9875-5"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.0,24.5 ], [ -83.0,26.0 ], [ -80.0,26.0 ], [ -80.0,24.5 ], [ -83.0,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412ab86e4b0239f1986b9c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lidz, Barbara H. blidz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"Barbara","email":"blidz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":500655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hudson, J. Harold","contributorId":54897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"J. Harold","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Jeffery S.","contributorId":36066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Jeffery S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70169224,"text":"70169224 - 2015 - The unseen iceberg: Plant roots in arctic tundra","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-24T13:59:12","indexId":"70169224","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-10T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2863,"text":"New Phytologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The unseen iceberg: Plant roots in arctic tundra","docAbstract":"Plant roots play a critical role in ecosystem function in arctic tundra, but root dynamics in these ecosystems are poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we synthesized available literature on tundra roots, including their distribution, dynamics and contribution to ecosystem carbon and nutrient fluxes, and highlighted key aspects of their representation in terrestrial biosphere models. Across all tundra ecosystems, belowground plant biomass exceeded aboveground biomass, with the exception of polar desert tundra. Roots were shallowly distributed in the thin layer of soil that thaws annually, and were often found in surface organic soil horizons. Root traits – including distribution, chemistry, anatomy and resource partitioning – play an important role in controlling plant species competition, and therefore ecosystem carbon and nutrient fluxes, under changing climatic conditions, but have only been quantified for a small fraction of tundra plants. Further, the annual production and mortality of fine roots are key components of ecosystem processes in tundra, but extant data are sparse. Tundra root traits and dynamics should be the focus of future research efforts. Better representation of the dynamics and characteristics of tundra roots will improve the utility of models for the evaluation of the responses of tundra ecosystems to changing environmental conditions.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"New Phytologist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Publishing","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1111/nph.13003","usgsCitation":"Iverson, C.M., Sloan, V.L., Sullivan, P.F., Euskirchen, E., McGuire, A.D., Norby, R.J., Walker, A.P., Warren, J.M., and Wullschleger, S.D., 2015, The unseen iceberg: Plant roots in arctic tundra: New Phytologist, v. 205, no. 1, p. 34-58, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13003.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"34","endPage":"58","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053189","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472471,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":319373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic","volume":"205","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50fd4e4b0f59b85e1ebde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, Colleen M.","contributorId":167834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iverson","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sloan, Victoria L.","contributorId":167839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sloan","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sullivan, Patrick F.","contributorId":49225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Euskirchen, E.S.","contributorId":44737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euskirchen","given":"E.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":623361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Norby, Richard J. 0000-0002-0238-9828","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0238-9828","contributorId":167836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norby","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Walker, Anthony P. 0000-0003-0557-5594","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-5594","contributorId":167843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Warren, Jeffrey M.","contributorId":16297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wullschleger, Stan D.","contributorId":167343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wullschleger","given":"Stan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70137565,"text":"70137565 - 2015 - A protocol for coordinating post-tsunami field reconnaissance efforts in the USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T13:03:41","indexId":"70137565","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A protocol for coordinating post-tsunami field reconnaissance efforts in the USA","docAbstract":"In the aftermath of a catastrophic tsunami, much is to be learned about tsunami generation and propagation, landscape and ecological changes, and the response and recovery of those affected by the disaster. Knowledge of the impacted area directly helps response and relief personnel in their efforts to reach and care for survivors and for re-establishing community services. First-hand accounts of tsunami-related impacts and consequences also help researchers, practitioners, and policy makers in other parts of the world that lack recent events to better understand and manage their own societal risks posed by tsunami threats. Conducting post-tsunami surveys and disseminating useful results to decision makers in an effective, efficient, and timely manner is difficult given the logistical issues and competing demands in a post-disaster environment. To facilitate better coordination of field-data collection and dissemination of results, a protocol for coordinating post-tsunami science surveys was developed by a multi-disciplinary group of representatives from state and federal agencies in the USA. This protocol is being incorporated into local, state, and federal post-tsunami response planning through the efforts of the Pacific Risk Management ‘Ohana, the U.S. National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program, and the U.S. National Plan for Disaster Impact Assessments. Although the protocol was designed to support a coordinated US post-tsunami response, we believe it could help inform post-disaster science surveys conducted elsewhere and further the discussion on how hazard researchers can most effectively operate in disaster environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11069-014-1418-7","usgsCitation":"Wilson, R.I., Wood, N.J., Kong, L., Shulters, M.V., Richards, K.D., Dunbar, P., , T., and Young, E.J., 2015, A protocol for coordinating post-tsunami field reconnaissance efforts in the USA: Natural Hazards, v. 75, no. 3, p. 2153-2165, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1418-7.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2153","endPage":"2165","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054161","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1418-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297106,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n 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assessments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T14:22:24","indexId":"70137568","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporating climate change and morphological uncertainty into coastal change hazard assessments","docAbstract":"Documented and forecasted trends in rising sea levels and changes in storminess patterns have the potential to increase the frequency, magnitude, and spatial extent of coastal change hazards. To develop realistic adaptation strategies, coastal planners need information about coastal change hazards that recognizes the dynamic temporal and spatial scales of beach morphology, the climate controls on coastal change hazards, and the uncertainties surrounding the drivers and impacts of climate change. We present a probabilistic approach for quantifying and mapping coastal change hazards that incorporates the uncertainty associated with both climate change and morphological variability. To demonstrate the approach, coastal change hazard zones of arbitrary confidence levels are developed for the Tillamook County (State of Oregon, USA) coastline using a suite of simple models and a range of possible climate futures related to wave climate, sea-level rise projections, and the frequency of major El Niño events. Extreme total water levels are more influenced by wave height variability, whereas the magnitude of erosion is more influenced by sea-level rise scenarios. Morphological variability has a stronger influence on the width of coastal hazard zones than the uncertainty associated with the range of climate change scenarios.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11069-014-1417-8","usgsCitation":"Baron, H.M., Ruggiero, P., Wood, N.J., Harris, E.L., Allan, J., Komar, P.D., and Corcoran, P., 2015, Incorporating climate change and morphological uncertainty into coastal change hazard assessments: Natural Hazards, v. 75, no. 3, p. 2081-2102, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1417-8.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"2081","endPage":"2102","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052235","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472472,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1417-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297111,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bd3e4b08de9379b34fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Heather M.","contributorId":138585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baron","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruggiero, Peter","contributorId":15709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Nathan J. 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":3347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, Erica L.","contributorId":138586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Erica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allan, Jonathan","contributorId":46847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allan","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[{"id":7198,"text":"Oregon Department Geology and Mineral Industries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Komar, Paul D.","contributorId":138587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Komar","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Corcoran, Patrick","contributorId":138588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corcoran","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12452,"text":"Oregon Sea Grant","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70137735,"text":"70137735 - 2015 - Age and growth of round gobies in Lake Michigan, with preliminary mortality estimation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-12T09:56:26","indexId":"70137735","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and growth of round gobies in Lake Michigan, with preliminary mortality estimation","docAbstract":"The round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) is a prevalent invasive species throughout Lake Michigan, as well as other Laurentian Great Lakes, yet little information is available on spatial variation in round goby growth within one body of water. Age and growth of round goby at three areas of Lake Michigan were studied by otolith analysis from a sample of 659 specimens collected from 2008 to 2012. Total length (TL) ranged from 48 to 131 mm for Sturgeon Bay, from 50 to 125 mm for Waukegan, and from 54 to 129 mm for Sleeping Bear Dunes. Ages ranged from 2 to 7 years for Sturgeon Bay, from 2 to 5 years for Waukegan, and from 2 to 6 years for Sleeping Bear Dunes. Area-specific and sex-specific body–otolith relationships were used to back-calculate estimates of total length at age, which were fitted to von Bertalanffy models to estimate growth rates. For both sexes, round gobies at Sleeping Bear Dunes and Waukegan grew significantly faster than those at Sturgeon Bay. However, round goby growth did not significantly differ between Sleeping Bear Dunes and Waukegan for either sex. At all three areas of Lake Michigan, males grew significantly faster than females. Based on catch curve analysis, estimates of annual mortality rates ranged from 0.79 to 0.84. These relatively high mortality rates suggested that round gobies may be under predatory control in Lake Michigan.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2014.07.003","usgsCitation":"Huo, B., Madenjian, C.P., Xie, C., Zhao, Y., O’Brien, T.P., and Czesny, S.J., 2015, Age and growth of round gobies in Lake Michigan, with preliminary mortality estimation: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 40, no. 3, p. 712-720, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2014.07.003.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"712","endPage":"720","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053856","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297122,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","volume":"40","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b2be4b08de9379b3284","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huo, Bin","contributorId":127463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huo","given":"Bin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6955,"text":"College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xie, Cong X.","contributorId":138597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xie","given":"Cong X.","affiliations":[{"id":12457,"text":"Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Fisheries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhao, Yingming","contributorId":49752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"Yingming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O’Brien, Timothy P. 0000-0003-4502-5204 tiobrien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4502-5204","contributorId":2662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Timothy","email":"tiobrien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Czesny, Sergiusz J.","contributorId":138598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Czesny","given":"Sergiusz","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12458,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey, Lake Michigan Biological Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70137563,"text":"70137563 - 2015 - Variations in population vulnerability to tectonic and landslide-related tsunami hazards in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T15:56:46","indexId":"70137563","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variations in population vulnerability to tectonic and landslide-related tsunami hazards in Alaska","docAbstract":"Effective tsunami risk reduction requires an understanding of how at-risk populations are specifically vulnerable to tsunami threats. Vulnerability assessments primarily have been based on single hazard zones, even though a coastal community may be threatened by multiple tsunami sources that vary locally in terms of inundation extents and wave arrival times. We use the Alaskan coastal communities of Cordova, Kodiak, Seward, Valdez, and Whittier (USA), as a case study to explore population vulnerability to multiple tsunami threats. We use anisotropic pedestrian evacuation models to assess variations in population exposure as a function of travel time out of hazard zones associated with tectonic and landslide-related tsunamis (based on scenarios similar to the 1964 M w9.2 Good Friday earthquake and tsunami disaster). Results demonstrate that there are thousands of residents, employees, and business customers in tsunami hazard zones associated with tectonically generated waves, but that at-risk individuals will likely have sufficient time to evacuate to high ground before waves are estimated to arrive 30–60 min after generation. Tsunami hazard zones associated with submarine landslides initiated by a subduction zone earthquake are smaller and contain fewer people, but many at-risk individuals may not have enough time to evacuate as waves are estimated to arrive in 1–2 min and evacuations may need to occur during earthquake ground shaking. For all hazard zones, employees and customers at businesses far outnumber residents at their homes and evacuation travel times are highest on docks and along waterfronts. Results suggest that population vulnerability studies related to tsunami hazards should recognize non-residential populations and differences in wave arrival times if emergency managers are to develop realistic preparedness and outreach efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11069-014-1399-6","usgsCitation":"Wood, N.J., and Peters, J., 2015, Variations in population vulnerability to tectonic and landslide-related tsunami hazards in Alaska: Natural Hazards, v. 75, no. 2, p. 1811-1831, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1399-6.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1811","endPage":"1831","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057130","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1399-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297117,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.09375,\n 57.42129439209407\n ],\n [\n -156.09375,\n 62.08331486294795\n ],\n [\n -144.4482421875,\n 62.08331486294795\n ],\n [\n -144.4482421875,\n 57.42129439209407\n ],\n [\n -156.09375,\n 57.42129439209407\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c82e4b08de9379b3849","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Nathan J. 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":3347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peters, Jeff 0000-0003-4312-0590 jpeters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4312-0590","contributorId":4711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Jeff","email":"jpeters@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70138213,"text":"70138213 - 2015 - Assessing the magnitude and timing of anthropogenic warming of a shallow aquifer: example from Virginia Beach, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-09T15:36:04","indexId":"70138213","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the magnitude and timing of anthropogenic warming of a shallow aquifer: example from Virginia Beach, USA","docAbstract":"Groundwater temperature measurements in a shallow coastal aquifer in Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA, suggest groundwater warming of +4.1 °C relative to deeper geothermal gradients. Observed warming is related to timing and depth of influence of two potential thermal drivers—atmospheric temperature increases and urbanization. Results indicate that up to 30 % of groundwater warming at the water table can be attributed to atmospheric warming while up to 70 % of warming can be attributed to urbanization. Groundwater temperature readings to 30-m depth correlate positively with percentage of impervious cover and negatively with percentage of tree canopy cover; thus, these two land-use metrics explain up to 70 % of warming at the water table. Analytical and numerical modeling results indicate that an average vertical groundwater temperature profile for the study area, constructed from repeat measurement at 11 locations over 15 months, is consistent with the timing of land-use change over the past century in Virginia Beach. The magnitude of human-induced warming at the water table (+4.1 °C) is twice the current seasonal temperature variation, indicating the potential for ecological impacts on wetlands and estuaries receiving groundwater discharge from shallow aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-014-1189-y","usgsCitation":"Eggleston, J.R., and McCoy, K.J., 2015, Assessing the magnitude and timing of anthropogenic warming of a shallow aquifer: example from Virginia Beach, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 23, no. 1, p. 105-120, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-014-1189-y.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"120","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053847","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 18 North","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Virginia Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.34536743164061,\n 36.54936246839778\n ],\n [\n -76.34536743164061,\n 36.97732387852746\n ],\n [\n -75.85578918457031,\n 36.97732387852746\n ],\n [\n -75.85578918457031,\n 36.54936246839778\n ],\n [\n -76.34536743164061,\n 36.54936246839778\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b3ce4b08de9379b32bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eggleston, John R. 0000-0001-6633-3041 jegglest@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6633-3041","contributorId":3068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggleston","given":"John","email":"jegglest@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCoy, Kurt J. 0000-0002-9756-8238 kjmccoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-8238","contributorId":1391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Kurt","email":"kjmccoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70191890,"text":"70191890 - 2015 - Propagation of hybrid Devils Hole Pupfish × Ash Meadows Amargosa Pupfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T14:29:30","indexId":"70191890","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2885,"text":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Propagation of hybrid Devils Hole Pupfish × Ash Meadows Amargosa Pupfish","docAbstract":"Recent censuses of Devils Hole Pupfish Cyprinodon diabolis revealed that fewer than 100 individuals currently remain in the wild. Captive propagation is among actions being considered to prevent their extinction, but no pure-strain Devils Hole Pupfish were available for broodstock. To help provide emergency information, we investigated techniques to propagate their most closely related relative, hybrid Devils Hole Pupfish C. diabolis× Ash Meadows Amargosa Pupfish C. nevadensis mionectes. We tested various temperatures and larval feeds with respect to egg production, larval survival, and growth. Larval survival and growth were similar from 24°C to 32°C and egg production peaked at static 28°C; however, reducing water temperatures to 23°C and then raising them to 28°C resulted in even higher production. Larvae fed infusoria, Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Chow (RGSM), or Zeigler larval diet (ZLD) had the highest survival (79.4, 71.6, and 73.4%, respectively), and those fed Otohime (OTO) had the lowest survival (60.8%), although OTO provided greatest (14 mm) 30-d growth. Supplementation of RGSM or ZLD with Artemia nauplii increased growth but decreased survival. Larval production was maximized by placing six spawning mops, constructed of yarn and tile, in each of four 437-L parental aquaria, stocked with 24 adult fish each (1:1 sex ratio) for 3 d, to attract adults and provide spawning substrate. A 30% water change conducted on the same day of mop placement lowered water temperature from 28°C to 23°C. Water temperature was raised back to 28°C over 48 h. After 3 d, mops were transferred to hatching aquaria that were held at 28°C and aerated until larval hatch. Although some differences likely exist in effective propagation techniques for hybrid and pure-strain Devils Hole Pupfish, these data help provide initial recommendations to aid recovery.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15222055.2015.1044057","usgsCitation":"Feuerbacher, O., Mapula, J.A., and Bonar, S.A., 2015, Propagation of hybrid Devils Hole Pupfish × Ash Meadows Amargosa Pupfish: North American Journal of Aquaculture, v. 77, no. 4, p. 513-523, https://doi.org/10.1080/15222055.2015.1044057.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"513","endPage":"523","ipdsId":"IP-066121","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347490,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07eba4e4b09af898c8cd02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feuerbacher, Olin","contributorId":187760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feuerbacher","given":"Olin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mapula, Justin A.","contributorId":198573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mapula","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70154804,"text":"70154804 - 2015 - Comparing methods for estimating larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) density in the St. Marys River for the purposes of control","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-08T13:49:54","indexId":"70154804","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing methods for estimating larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) density in the St. Marys River for the purposes of control","docAbstract":"The St. Marys River is a major producer of parasitic sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) to Lake Huron making it an important area for larval control. Bayluscide treatments are conducted in areas of high larval density requiring density estimation at fine spatial scales to inform treatment decisions. We evaluated six methods of estimating spatially specific density including the currently used sampling-based estimates, a generalized linear model (GLM) based on mean larval density per plot, a GLM based on larval density per sample, a generalized additive model based on mean larval density per plot, a spatial age-structured population model, and a hybrid approach, which averaged the best performing sampling- and model-based methods. Methods were evaluated based on accuracy in matching independent validation data. Specifically, the methods were evaluated based on their ability to project plot-level larval density, identify high density plots for treatment, and rank plots in order based on density resulting in high numbers of sea lampreys killed per hectare treated. Performance was variable, and no single method outperformed the others for all metrics. Although the sampling-based estimation method and the GLM based on catch data performed adequately for estimating density and identifying high density plots, the hybrid approach was identified as the best method to inform sea lamprey control decisions in the St. Marys River due to its consistent performance. Incorporating model-based approaches should lead to a more efficient and effective treatment program in the St. Marys River and aid in making decisions about the allocation of control resources.
\n\n
A mass-balance solute-transport modeling approach was used to investigate the effects of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) volume, composition, and generation of daughter products on simulated and measured long-term trends of chlorinated ethene (CE) concentrations at a public supply well. The model was built by telescoping a calibrated regional three-dimensional MODFLOW model to the capture zone of a public supply well that has a history of CE contamination. The local model was then used to simulate the interactions between naturally occurring organic carbon that acts as an electron donor, and dissolved oxygen (DO), CEs, ferric iron, and sulfate that act as electron acceptors using the Sequential Electron Acceptor Model in three dimensions (SEAM3D) code. The modeling results indicate that asymmetry between rapidly rising and more gradual falling concentration trends over time suggests a DNAPL rather than a dissolved source of CEs. Peak concentrations of CEs are proportional to the volume and composition of the DNAPL source. The persistence of contamination, which can vary from a few years to centuries, is proportional to DNAPL volume, but is unaffected by DNAPL composition. These results show that monitoring CE concentrations in raw water produced by impacted public supply wells over time can provide useful information concerning the nature of contaminant sources and the likely future persistence of contamination.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12230","usgsCitation":"Chapelle, F.H., Kauffman, L.J., and Widdowson, M.A., 2015, Modeling long-term trends of chlorinated ethene contamination at a public supply well: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 51, no. 1, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12230.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052153","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293151,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12230"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.3813,39.3249 ], [ -75.3813,39.9952 ], [ -74.7182,39.9952 ], [ -74.7182,39.3249 ], [ -75.3813,39.3249 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54003434e4b04e908030b547","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauffman, Leon J. 0000-0003-4564-0362 lkauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-0362","contributorId":1094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Leon","email":"lkauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Widdowson, Mark A.","contributorId":90379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widdowson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70122440,"text":"70122440 - 2015 - Effects of wildfire on sea otter (Enhydra lutris) gene transcript profiles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-31T14:43:44.404213","indexId":"70122440","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-28T09:23:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Effects of wildfire on sea otter (Enhydra lutris) gene transcript profiles","title":"Effects of wildfire on sea otter (Enhydra lutris) gene transcript profiles","docAbstract":"Wildfires have been shown to impact terrestrial species over a range of temporal scales. Little is known, however, about the more subtle toxicological effects of wildfires, particularly in downstream marine or downwind locations from the wildfire perimeter. These down-current effects may be just as substantial as those effects within the perimeter. We used gene transcription technology, a sensitive indicator of immunological perturbation, to study the effects of the 2008 Basin Complex Fire on the California coast on a sentinel marine species, the sea otter (Enhydra lutris). We captured sea otters in 2008 (3 mo after the Basin Complex Fire was controlled) and 2009 (15 mo after the Basin Complex Fire was controlled) in the adjacent nearshore environment near Big Sur, California. Gene responses were distinctly different between Big Sur temporal groups, signifying detoxification of PAHs, possible associated response to potential malignant transformation, and suppression of immune function as the primary responses of sea otters to fire in 2008 compared to those captured in 2009. In general, gene transcription patterns in the 2008 sea otters were indicative of molecular reactions to organic exposure, malignant transformation, and decreased ability to respond to pathogens that seemed to consistent with short-term hydrocarbon exposure.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Marine Mammalogy","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1111/mms.12151","usgsCitation":"Bowen, L., Miles, A.K., Kolden, C.A., Saarinen, J.A., Bodkin, J.L., Murray, M., and Tinker, M.T., 2015, Effects of wildfire on sea otter (Enhydra lutris) gene transcript profiles: Marine Mammal Science, v. 31, no. 1, p. 191-210, https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12151.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"210","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059429","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12151","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":293146,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.0004,35.6512 ], [ -122.0004,36.4533 ], [ -121.0,36.4533 ], [ -121.0,35.6512 ], [ -122.0004,35.6512 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54003432e4b04e908030b539","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Lizabeth 0000-0001-9115-4336 lbowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9115-4336","contributorId":4539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Lizabeth","email":"lbowen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolden, Crystal A.","contributorId":98610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolden","given":"Crystal","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saarinen, Justin A.","contributorId":73508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saarinen","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murray, Michael J.","contributorId":8384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}