{"pageNumber":"1246","pageRowStart":"31125","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165296,"records":[{"id":70124041,"text":"70124041 - 2015 - Contrasting long-term survival of two outplanted Mojave Desert perennials for post-fire revegetation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:51:57","indexId":"70124041","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-01T11:47:23","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":904,"text":"Arid Land Research and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contrasting long-term survival of two outplanted Mojave Desert perennials for post-fire revegetation","docAbstract":"

Post-fire recovery of arid shrublands is typically slow, and planting greenhouse-raised seedlings may be a means of jump-starting this process. Recovery can be further accelerated by understanding the factors controlling post-planting survival. In fall 2007 and 2009, we outplanted seedlings of two contrasting native evergreen shrubs—fast-growing Nevada jointfir and slow-growing blackbrush—across five burned sites in the Mojave Desert. To increase soil moisture and optimize seedling survival, we experimentally applied and evaluated soil amendments and supplemental watering. We also evaluated two herbicides that reduce competitive invasive annual grasses and two types of herbivore protection. Survival of jointfir outplanted in 2007 was 61% after 43 months, and site largely influenced survival, while herbicide containing imazapic applied more than one year after outplanting reduced survival. Reduced survival of jointfir outplanted in 2009 coincided with delayed seasonal precipitation that intensified foliar damage by small mammals. In contrast, blackbrush survival was 4% after 43 months, and was influenced by site, type of herbivore protection, and greenhouse during the 2007 outplanting, and soil amendment during 2009. Counter to expectations, we found that supplemental watering and soil amendments did not influence long-term survival of either blackbrush or jointfir. Shrub species with rapid growth rates and broad environmental tolerances, such as jointfir, make ideal candidates for outplanting, provided that seedlings are protected from herbivores. Re-introduction of species with slow growth rates and narrow environmental tolerances, such as blackbrush, requires careful consideration to optimize pre- and post-planting conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1080/15324982.2014.901994","usgsCitation":"Scoles-Sciulla, S.J., Defalco, L., and Esque, T., 2015, Contrasting long-term survival of two outplanted Mojave Desert perennials for post-fire revegetation: Arid Land Research and Management, v. 29, no. 1, p. 110-124, https://doi.org/10.1080/15324982.2014.901994.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"124","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042562","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293705,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293620,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15324982.2014.901994"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.9789,34.1607 ], [ -117.9789,37.5219 ], [ -114.7254,37.5219 ], [ -114.7254,34.1607 ], [ -117.9789,34.1607 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412b9a1e4b0239f1986ba33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scoles-Sciulla, Sara J.","contributorId":26637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scoles-Sciulla","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Defalco, Lesley A. ldefalco@usgs.gov","contributorId":2458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Defalco","given":"Lesley A.","email":"ldefalco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":3221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159977,"text":"70159977 - 2015 - The economic viability of smallholder timber production under expanding açaí palm production in the Amazon Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:57:01","indexId":"70159977","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-01T03:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2295,"text":"Journal of Forest Economics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The economic viability of smallholder timber production under expanding açaí palm production in the Amazon Estuary","docAbstract":"

Relatively little attention has been paid to the economic potentials and limitations of tropical timber production and management at smallholder scales, with the most relevant research focusing on community forestry efforts. As a rare tropical example of long-lasting small-scale timber production, in this study we explore the economics of smallholder vertically integrated timber use to better understand the activity in the context of its primary land use alternative in the Amazon Estuary, açaí palm fruit production. We use data from landowner and firm surveys, participatory monitoring of firms, and detailed forest and sawmill operation monitoring to devise financial returns models of smallholder timber micro firms and açaí palm fruit production. We then compare the economics of the two activities to better understand how differences may shape decisions at the small holder scale that impact current land use shifts in the region.

","language":"English","publisher":"Umeå Forest University Press","publisherLocation":"Umeå, Sweden","doi":"10.1016/j.jfe.2014.06.001","usgsCitation":"Fortini, L.B., and Carter, D.R., 2015, The economic viability of smallholder timber production under expanding açaí palm production in the Amazon Estuary: Journal of Forest Economics, v. 20, no. 3, p. 223-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfe.2014.06.001.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"235","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052234","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488396,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfe.2014.06.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","otherGeospatial":"Amazon River, Mazagão watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -51.6,\n -0.5\n ],\n [\n -51.6,\n -0.4 \n ],\n [\n -51.5,\n -0.4 \n ],\n [\n -51.5,\n -0.5\n ],\n [\n -51.6,\n -0.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5666bbf6e4b06a3ea36c8b54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fortini, Lucas B. 0000-0002-5781-7295 lfortini@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5781-7295","contributorId":4645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortini","given":"Lucas","email":"lfortini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, Douglas R.","contributorId":150364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carter","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13197,"text":"School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70138851,"text":"70138851 - 2015 - Non-native fishes in Florida freshwaters: a literature review and synthesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-23T16:24:54","indexId":"70138851","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3278,"text":"Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-native fishes in Florida freshwaters: a literature review and synthesis","docAbstract":"

Non-native fishes have been known from freshwater ecosystems of Florida since the 1950s, and dozens of species have established self-sustaining populations. Nonetheless, no synthesis of data collected on those species in Florida has been published until now. We searched the literature for peer-reviewed publications reporting original data for 42 species of non-native fishes in Florida that are currently established, were established in the past, or are sustained by human intervention. Since the 1950s, the number of non-native fish species increased steadily at a rate of roughly six new species per decade. Studies documented (in decreasing abundance): geographic location/range expansion, life- and natural-history characteristics (e.g., diet, habitat use), ecophysiology, community composition, population structure, behaviour, aquatic-plant management, and fisheries/aquaculture. Although there is a great deal of taxonomic uncertainty and confusion associated with many taxa, very few studies focused on clarifying taxonomic ambiguities of non-native fishes in the State. Most studies were descriptive; only 15 % were manipulative. Risk assessments, population-control studies and evaluations of effects of non-native fishes were rare topics for research, although they are highly valued by natural-resource managers. Though some authors equated lack of data with lack of effects, research is needed to confirm or deny conclusions. Much more is known regarding the effects of lionfish (Pterois spp.) on native fauna, despite its much shorter establishment time. Natural-resource managers need biological and ecological information to make policy decisions regarding non-native fishes. Given the near-absence of empirical data on effects of Florida non-native fishes, and the lengthy time-frames usually needed to collect such information, we provide suggestions for data collection in a manner that may be useful in the evaluation and prediction of non-native fish effects.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11160-014-9373-7","usgsCitation":"Schofield, P., and Loftus, W.F., 2015, Non-native fishes in Florida freshwaters: a literature review and synthesis: Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, v. 25, no. 1, p. 117-145, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-014-9373-7.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"145","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052519","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297481,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 24.256981315882488\n ],\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 31.024694128525137\n ],\n [\n -79.969482421875,\n 31.024694128525137\n ],\n [\n -79.969482421875,\n 24.256981315882488\n ],\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 24.256981315882488\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c16e4b08de9379b3621","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schofield, Pamela J. 0000-0002-8752-2797 pschofield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-2797","contributorId":127812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schofield","given":"Pamela J.","email":"pschofield@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftus, William F.","contributorId":138881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loftus","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12560,"text":"Aquatic Research & Communication, LLC, Vero Beach, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70132447,"text":"70132447 - 2015 - Introduced northern pike consumption of salmonids in Southcentral Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-10T14:49:05","indexId":"70132447","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduced northern pike consumption of salmonids in Southcentral Alaska","docAbstract":"

The impacts of introduced northern pike (Esox lucius) on salmonid populations have attracted much attention because salmonids are popular subsistence, sport and commercial fish. Concern over the predatory effects of introduced pike on salmonids is especially high in Southcentral Alaska, where pike were illegally introduced to the Susitna River basin in the 1950s. We used pike abundance, growth, and diet estimates and bioenergetics models to characterise the realised and potential consumptive impacts that introduced pike (age 2 and older) have on salmonids in Alexander Creek, a tributary to the Susitna River. We found that juvenile salmonids were the dominant prey item in pike diets and that pike could consume up to 1.10 metric tons (realised consumption) and 1.66 metric tons (potential consumption) of juvenile salmonids in a summer. Age 3–4 pike had the highest per capita consumption of juvenile salmonids, and age 2 and age 3–4 pike had the highest overall consumption of juvenile salmonid biomass. Using historical data on Chinook salmon and pike potential consumption of juvenile salmonids, we found that pike consumption of juvenile salmonids may lead to collapsed salmon stocks in Alexander Creek. Taken together, our results indicate that pike consume a substantial biomass of juvenile salmonids in Alexander Creek and that coexistence of pike and salmon is unlikely without management actions to reduce or eliminate introduced pike.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12164","usgsCitation":"Sepulveda, A., Rutz, D.S., Dupuis, A.W., Shields, P.A., and Dunker, K.J., 2015, Introduced northern pike consumption of salmonids in Southcentral Alaska: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 24, no. 4, p. 519-531, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12164.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"519","endPage":"531","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056140","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296111,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alexander Creek, Deshka River, Sustina River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.698974609375,\n 60.392147922518845\n ],\n [\n -152.698974609375,\n 63.52897054110277\n ],\n [\n -147.930908203125,\n 63.52897054110277\n ],\n [\n -147.930908203125,\n 60.392147922518845\n ],\n [\n -152.698974609375,\n 60.392147922518845\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546727bce4b04d4b7dbde86f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepulveda, Adam 0000-0001-7621-7028 asepulveda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-7028","contributorId":4187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Adam","email":"asepulveda@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rutz, David S.","contributorId":38033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutz","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6770,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish & Game, Division of Commercial Fish, Soldotna, AK 99669","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":522900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dupuis, Aaron W","contributorId":127025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dupuis","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":6770,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish & Game, Division of Commercial Fish, Soldotna, AK 99669","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":522901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shields, Patrick A","contributorId":127026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shields","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":6770,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish & Game, Division of Commercial Fish, Soldotna, AK 99669","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":522902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dunker, Kristine J.","contributorId":38864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunker","given":"Kristine","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6770,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish & Game, Division of Commercial Fish, Soldotna, AK 99669","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":522903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188875,"text":"70188875 - 2015 - Mantle peridotite in newly discovered far-inland subduction complex, southwest Arizona: Initial report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-26T14:54:30","indexId":"70188875","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2020,"text":"International Geology Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mantle peridotite in newly discovered far-inland subduction complex, southwest Arizona: Initial report","docAbstract":"

The latest Cretaceous to early Palaeogene Orocopia Schist and related units are generally considered a low-angle subduction complex that underlies much of southern California and Arizona. A recently discovered exposure of Orocopia Schist at Cemetery Ridge west of Phoenix, Arizona, lies exceptionally far inland from the continental margin. Unexpectedly, this body of Orocopia Schist contains numerous blocks, as large as ~300 m, of variably serpentinized mantle peridotite. These are unique; elsewhere in the Orocopia and related schists, peridotite is rare and completely serpentinized. Peridotite and metaperidotite at Cemetery Ridge are of three principal types: (1) serpentinite and tremolite serpentinite, derived from dunite; (2) partially serpentinized harzburgite and olivine orthopyroxenite (collectively, harzburgite); and (3) granoblastic or schistose metasomatic rocks, derived from serpentinite, made largely of actinolite, calcic plagioclase, hercynite, and chlorite. In the serpentinite, paucity of relict olivine, relatively abundant magnetite (5%), and elevated Fe3+/Fe indicate advanced serpentinization. Harzburgite contains abundant orthopyroxene, only slightly serpentinized, and minor to moderate (1–15%) relict olivine. Mantle tectonite fabric is locally preserved. Several petrographic and geochemical characteristics of the peridotite at Cemetery Ridge are ambiguously similar to either abyssal or mantle-wedge (suprasubduction) peridotites and serpentinites. Least ambiguous are orthopyroxene compositions. Orthopyroxene is distinctively depleted in Al2O3, Cr2O3, and CaO, indicating mantle-wedge affinities. Initial interpretation of field and petrologic data suggests that the peridotite blocks in the Orocopia Schist subduction complex at Cemetery Ridge may be derived from the leading corner or edge of a mantle wedge, presumably in (pre-San Andreas fault) southwest California. However, derivation from a subducting plate is not precluded.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00206814.2014.928916","usgsCitation":"Haxel, G.B., Jacobson, C.E., and Wittke, J.H., 2015, Mantle peridotite in newly discovered far-inland subduction complex, southwest Arizona: Initial report: International Geology Review, v. 57, no. 5-8, p. 871-892, https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2014.928916.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"871","endPage":"892","ipdsId":"IP-057531","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342912,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.5,\n 32.7\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 32.7\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 35.7\n ],\n [\n -119.5,\n 35.7\n ],\n [\n -119.5,\n 32.7\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"57","issue":"5-8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59521d23e4b062508e3c36a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haxel, Gordon B. gbhaxel@usgs.gov","contributorId":5666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haxel","given":"Gordon","email":"gbhaxel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobson, Carl E.","contributorId":193546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wittke, James H.","contributorId":193547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wittke","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70116459,"text":"70116459 - 2015 - Event sedimentation in low-latitude deep-water carbonate basins, Anegada passage, northeast Caribbean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T09:53:13","indexId":"70116459","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T15:56:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":972,"text":"Basin Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Event sedimentation in low-latitude deep-water carbonate basins, Anegada passage, northeast Caribbean","docAbstract":"

The Virgin Islands and Whiting basins in the Northeast Caribbean are deep, structurally controlled depocentres partially bound by shallow-water carbonate platforms. Closed basins such as these are thought to document earthquake and hurricane events through the accumulation of event layers such as debris flow and turbidity current deposits and the internal deformation of deposited material. Event layers in the Virgin Islands and Whiting basins are predominantly thin and discontinuous, containing varying amounts of reef- and slope-derived material. Three turbidites/sandy intervals in the upper 2 m of sediment in the eastern Virgin Islands Basin were deposited between ca. 2000 and 13 600 years ago, but do not extend across the basin. In the central and western Virgin Islands Basin, a structureless clay-rich interval is interpreted to be a unifite. Within the Whiting Basin, several discontinuous turbidites and other sand-rich intervals are primarily deposited in base of slope fans. The youngest of these turbidites is ca. 2600 years old. Sediment accumulation in these basins is low (−1) for basin adjacent to carbonate platform, possibly due to limited sediment input during highstand sea-level conditions, sediment trapping and/or cohesive basin walls. We find no evidence of recent sediment transport (turbidites or debris flows) or sediment deformation that can be attributed to the ca. M7.2 1867 Virgin Islands earthquake whose epicentre was located on the north wall of the Virgin Islands Basin or to recent hurricanes that have impacted the region. The lack of significant appreciable pebble or greater size carbonate material in any of the available cores suggests that submarine landslide and basin-wide blocky debris flows have not been a significant mechanism of basin margin modification in the last several thousand years. Thus, basins such as those described here may be poor recorders of past natural hazards, but may provide a long-term record of past oceanographic conditions in ocean passages.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/bre.12076","usgsCitation":"Chaytor, J., and ten Brink, U., 2015, Event sedimentation in low-latitude deep-water carbonate basins, Anegada passage, northeast Caribbean: Basin Research, v. 27, no. 3, p. 310-335, https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12076.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"310","endPage":"335","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056213","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289821,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289785,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bre.12076"}],"otherGeospatial":"Anegada Passage, Caribbean","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -66.0,17.0 ], [ -66.0,19.0 ], [ -64.0,19.0 ], [ -64.0,17.0 ], [ -66.0,17.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0ebaae4b065ccca5fe327","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/bre.12076","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bre.12076","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Chaytor Jason D., ten Brink Uri S.","journalName":"Basin Research","publicationDate":"7/10/2014","auditedOn":"11/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chaytor, Jason D.","contributorId":88637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"Jason D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70115941,"text":"70115941 - 2015 - Indirect effects of biocontrol of an invasive riparian plant (Tamarix) alters habitat and reduces herpetofauna abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-11T21:48:43.874353","indexId":"70115941","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-08T15:25:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Indirect effects of biocontrol of an invasive riparian plant (Tamarix) alters habitat and reduces herpetofauna abundance","docAbstract":"

The biological control agent (tamarisk leaf beetle, Diorhabda spp.) is actively being used to defoliate exotic saltcedar or tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) in riparian ecosystems in western USA. The Virgin River in Arizona and Nevada is a system where tamarisk leaf beetle populations are spreading. Saltcedar biocontrol, like other control methods, has the potential to affect non-target species. Because amphibians and reptiles respond to vegetation changes in habitat and forage in areas where beetles are active, herpetofauna are model taxa to investigate potential impacts of biocontrol defoliation. Our objectives related herpetofauna abundance to vegetation cover and indices (normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI; enhanced vegetation index, EVI) and timing of biocontrol defoliation. We captured herpetofauna and ground-dwelling arthropods in trap arrays and measured vegetation using remotely sensed images and on-the-ground measurements at 16–21 sites 2 years before (2009–2010) and 2 years following (2011–2012) biocontrol defoliation. Following defoliation, riparian stands (including stands mixed with native and exotic trees and stands of monotypic exotic saltcedar) had significantly lower NDVI and EVI values and fewer captures of marked lizards. Total captures of herpetofauna (toads, lizards, and snakes) were related to higher vegetation cover and sites with a lower proportion of saltcedar. Our results suggest that effects of biocontrol defoliation are likely to be site-specific and depend upon the proportion of native riparian trees established prior to biocontrol introduction and defoliation. The mechanisms by which habitat structure, microclimate, and ultimately vertebrate species are affected by exotic plant biocontrol riparian areas should be a focus of natural-resource managers.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-014-0707-0","usgsCitation":"Bateman, H., Merritt, D., Glenn, E.P., and Nagler, P., 2015, Indirect effects of biocontrol of an invasive riparian plant (Tamarix) alters habitat and reduces herpetofauna abundance: Biological Invasions, v. 17, no. 1, p. 87-97, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-014-0707-0.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044864","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289564,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.2328,35.998 ], [ -115.2328,37.2019 ], [ -113.4915,37.2019 ], [ -113.4915,35.998 ], [ -115.2328,35.998 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bd04dae4b00cbf31f7232f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bateman, H.L.","contributorId":36036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bateman","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merritt, D.M.","contributorId":11025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merritt","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glenn, E. P.","contributorId":24463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glenn","given":"E.","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nagler, P.L. 0000-0003-0674-103X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":29937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"P.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70117160,"text":"70117160 - 2015 - Rapid removal of nitrobenzene in a three-phase ozone loaded system with gas-liquid-liquid","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-09T15:05:04","indexId":"70117160","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T15:57:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1212,"text":"Chemical Engineering Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid removal of nitrobenzene in a three-phase ozone loaded system with gas-liquid-liquid","docAbstract":"

This study explores the removal rate of nitrobenzene (NB) using a new gas-liquid-liquid (G-L-L) three-phase ozone loaded system consisting of a gaseous ozone, an aqueous solvent phase, and a fluorinated solvent phase (perfluorodecalin, or FDC). The removal rate of NB was quantified in relation to six factors including 1) initial pH, 2) initial NB dosage, 3) gaseous ozone dosage, 4) free radical scavenger, 5) FDC pre-aerated gaseous ozone, and 6) reuse of FDC. The NB removal rate is positively affected by the first three factors. Compared with the conventional gas-liquid (water) (G-L) two-phase ozonation system, the free radical scavenger (tertiary butyl alcohol) has much less influence on the removal rate of NB in the G-L-L system. The FDC loaded ozone acts as an ozone reservoir and serves as the main reactive phase in the G-L-L three-phase system. The reuse of FDC has little influence on the removal rate of NB. These experimental results suggest that the oxidation efficiency of ozonation in the G-L-L three-phase system is better than that in the conventional G-L two-phase system.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Engineering Communications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00986445.2013.867259","usgsCitation":"Li, S., Zhu, J., Wang, G., Ni, L., Zhang, Y., and Green, C.T., 2015, Rapid removal of nitrobenzene in a three-phase ozone loaded system with gas-liquid-liquid: Chemical Engineering Communications, v. 202, no. 6, p. 799-805, https://doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2013.867259.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"799","endPage":"805","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053439","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":290493,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290480,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2013.867259"}],"volume":"202","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6f2ce4b0b29085106402","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Shiyin","contributorId":99055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Shiyin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhu, Jiangpeng","contributorId":86698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Jiangpeng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Guoxiang","contributorId":102397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Guoxiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ni, Lixiao","contributorId":73115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ni","given":"Lixiao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhang, Yong","contributorId":19029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Yong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Green, Christopher T. 0000-0002-6480-8194 ctgreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-8194","contributorId":1343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Christopher","email":"ctgreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70137638,"text":"70137638 - 2015 - Models of invasion and establishment of African Mustard (Brassica tournefortii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-12T10:24:18","indexId":"70137638","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2100,"text":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Models of invasion and establishment of African Mustard (Brassica tournefortii)","docAbstract":"

Introduced exotic plants can drive ecosystem change. We studied invasion and establishment ofBrassica tournefortii (African mustard), a noxious weed, in the Chemehuevi Valley, western Sonoran Desert, California. We used long-term data sets of photographs, transects for biomass of annual plants, and densities of African mustard collected at irregular intervals between 1979 and 2009. We suggest that African mustard may have been present in low numbers along the main route of travel, a highway, in the late 1970s; invaded the valley along a major axial valley ephemeral stream channel and the highway; and by 2009, colonized 22 km into the eastern part of the valley. We developed predictive models for invasibility and establishment of African mustard. Both during the initial invasion and after establishment, significant predictor variables of African mustard densities were surficial geology, proximity to the highway and axial valley ephemeral stream channel, and number of small ephemeral stream channels. The axial valley ephemeral stream channel was the most vulnerable of the variables to invasions. Overall, African mustard rapidly colonized and quickly became established in naturally disturbed areas, such as stream channels, where geological surfaces were young and soils were weakly developed. Older geological surfaces (e.g., desert pavements with soils 140,000 to 300,000 years old) were less vulnerable. Microhabitats also influenced densities of African mustard, with densities higher under shrubs than in the interspaces. As African mustard became established, the proportional biomass of native winter annual plants declined. Early control is important because African mustard can colonize and become well established across a valley in 20 yr.

","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1614/IPSM-D-14-00023.1","usgsCitation":"Berry, K.H., Gowan, T.A., Miller, D., and Brooks, M.L., 2015, Models of invasion and establishment of African Mustard (Brassica tournefortii): Invasive Plant Science and Management, v. 7, no. 4, p. 599-616, https://doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-D-14-00023.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"599","endPage":"616","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-017107","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297124,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Chemehuevi Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.49707031249999,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -120.0146484375,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -119.7509765625,\n 39.095962936305504\n ],\n [\n -113.5546875,\n 34.52466147177172\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 32.62087018318113\n ],\n [\n -118.6083984375,\n 32.47269502206151\n ],\n [\n -124.8486328125,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -124.49707031249999,\n 42.032974332441405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c02e4b08de9379b35dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gowan, Timothy A.","contributorId":138595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gowan","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12456,"text":"former USGS scientist","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":1707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brooks, Matthew L. 0000-0002-3518-6787 mlbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-6787","contributorId":393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Matthew","email":"mlbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148115,"text":"70148115 - 2015 - Winter diets of immature green turtles (Chelonia mydas) on a northern feeding ground: integrating stomach contents and stable isotope analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-02T15:30:43","indexId":"70148115","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter diets of immature green turtles (Chelonia mydas) on a northern feeding ground: integrating stomach contents and stable isotope analyses","docAbstract":"

The foraging ecology and diet of the green turtle, Chelonia mydas, remain understudied, particularly in peripheral areas of its distribution. We assessed the diet of an aggregation of juvenile green turtles at the northern edge of its range during winter months using two approaches. Stomach content analyses provide a single time sample, and stable isotope analyses integrate diet over a several-month period. We evaluated diet consistency in prey choice over time by comparing the results of these two approaches. We examined stomach contents from 43 juvenile green turtles that died during cold stunning events in St. Joseph Bay, Florida, in 2008 and 2011. Stomach contents were evaluated for volume, dry mass, percent frequency of occurrence, and index of relative importance of individual diet items. Juvenile green turtles were omnivorous, feeding primarily on seagrasses and tunicates. Diet characterizations from stomach contents differed from those based on stable isotope analyses, indicating the turtles are not feeding consistently during winter months. Evaluation of diets during warm months is needed.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-013-9741-x","usgsCitation":"Williams, N.C., Bjorndal, K.A., Lamont, M.M., and Carthy, R.R., 2015, Winter diets of immature green turtles (Chelonia mydas) on a northern feeding ground: integrating stomach contents and stable isotope analyses: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 37, no. 4, p. 986-994, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-013-9741-x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"986","endPage":"994","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051446","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300982,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"St. Joseph Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.35346984863281,\n 29.88351825335318\n ],\n [\n -85.39672851562499,\n 29.870419710858783\n ],\n [\n -85.41046142578125,\n 29.827539729697882\n ],\n [\n -85.39810180664062,\n 29.76020487319709\n ],\n [\n -85.36170959472656,\n 29.677911519766038\n ],\n [\n -85.3143310546875,\n 29.68984227248407\n ],\n [\n -85.30403137207031,\n 29.720855600408733\n ],\n [\n -85.29922485351562,\n 29.782853509248778\n ],\n [\n -85.30677795410156,\n 29.814433840986087\n ],\n [\n -85.31913757324217,\n 29.8424306989463\n ],\n [\n -85.33699035644531,\n 29.848982022188157\n ],\n [\n -85.35346984863281,\n 29.88351825335318\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"556ed3e4e4b0d9246a9fa80d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Natalie C.","contributorId":141043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13331,"text":"University of Florida, Dept. of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bjorndal, Karen A.","contributorId":96997,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bjorndal","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12567,"text":"Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research, Department of Biology, University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamont, Margaret M. 0000-0001-7520-6669 mlamont@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-6669","contributorId":4525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"Margaret","email":"mlamont@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carthy, Raymond R. 0000-0001-8978-5083 rayc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8978-5083","contributorId":3685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carthy","given":"Raymond","email":"rayc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70057694,"text":"70057694 - 2015 - Predicted avian responses to bioenergy development scenarios in an intensive agricultural landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T15:47:55","indexId":"70057694","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-27T14:21:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1718,"text":"GCB Bioenergy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicted avian responses to bioenergy development scenarios in an intensive agricultural landscape","docAbstract":"

Conversion of native prairie to agriculture has increased food and bioenergy production but decreased wildlife habitat. However, enrollment of highly erodible cropland in conservation programs has compensated for some grassland loss. In the future, climate change and production of second-generation perennial biofuel crops could further transform agricultural landscapes and increase or decrease grassland area. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is an alternative biofuel feedstock that may be economically and environmentally superior to maize (Zea mays) grain for ethanol production on marginally productive lands. Switchgrass could benefit farmers economically and increase grassland area, but there is uncertainty as to how conversions between rowcrops, switchgrass monocultures and conservation grasslands might occur and affect wildlife. To explore potential impacts on grassland birds, we developed four agricultural land-use change scenarios for an intensively cultivated landscape, each driven by potential future climatic changes and ensuing irrigation limitations, ethanol demand, commodity prices, and continuation of a conservation program. For each scenario, we calculated changes in area for landcover classes and predicted changes in grassland bird abundances. Overall, birds responded positively to the replacement of rowcrops with switchgrass and negatively to the conversion of conservation grasslands to switchgrass or rowcrops. Landscape context and interactions between climate, crop water use, and irrigation availability could influence future land-use, and subsequently, avian habitat quality and quantity. Switchgrass is likely to provide higher quality avian habitat than rowcrops but lower quality habitat than conservation grasslands, and therefore, may most benefit birds in heavily cultivated, irrigation dependent landscapes under warmer and drier conditions, where economic profitability may also encourage conversions to drought tolerant bioenergy feedstocks.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GCB Bioenergy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12157","usgsCitation":"Uden, D.R., Allen, C.R., Mitchell, R.B., McCoy, T.D., and Guan, Q., 2015, Predicted avian responses to bioenergy development scenarios in an intensive agricultural landscape: GCB Bioenergy, v. 7, no. 4, p. 717-726, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12157.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"717","endPage":"726","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052730","costCenters":[{"id":463,"text":"Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472480,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12157","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":289149,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289148,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12157"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.0535,39.9999 ], [ -104.0535,43.0017 ], [ -95.3083,43.0017 ], [ -95.3083,39.9999 ], [ -104.0535,39.9999 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"7","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae77eae4b0abf75cf2c536","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12157","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12157","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Uden Daniel R., Allen Craig R., Mitchell Rob B., McCoy Tim D., Guan Qingfeng","journalName":"GCB Bioenergy","publicationDate":"6/3/2014","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Uden, Daniel R.","contributorId":74258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uden","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, Rob B.","contributorId":100715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Rob","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCoy, Tim D.","contributorId":86669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Tim","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guan, Qingfeng","contributorId":85067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guan","given":"Qingfeng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70074122,"text":"70074122 - 2015 - Physiological indices of seawater readiness in postspawning steelhead kelts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-05T10:51:34","indexId":"70074122","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-25T15:31:46","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physiological indices of seawater readiness in postspawning steelhead kelts","docAbstract":"

Management goals to improve the recovery of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) stocks at risk of extinction include increasing the proportion of postspawning fish that survive and spawn again. To be successful, postspawning steelhead (kelts) migrating downstream to the ocean must prepare physiologically and physically for a seawater transition. We sampled blood, gill filaments, and evaluated the external condition of migrating kelts from an ESA-listed population in the Snake/Columbia River system over two consecutive years to evaluate their physiological readiness for transition to seawater. We chose attributes often considered as measures of preparation for seawater in juveniles, including gill Na+,K+ ATPase activity, plasma electrolytes and hormones to consider factors related to external condition, size and sex. We found kelts in good external condition had plasma profiles similar to downstream-migrating smolts. In addition, we found more than 80% of kelts ranked in good external condition had smolt-like body silvering. We compared measures from migrating kelts with samples obtained from hatchery fish at the time of spawning to confirm that Na+, K+ ATPase activity in kelts was significantly elevated over spawning fish. We found significant differences in gill Na+, K+ ATPase activity in migrating kelts between the years of sampling, but little indication of influence of fish condition. We conclude that the postspawning steelhead sampled exhibited a suite of behaviours, condition and physiology characteristic of fish prepared for successful transition to a seawater environment.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online Library","doi":"10.1111/eff.12130","usgsCitation":"Buelow, J., and Moffitt, C.M., 2015, Physiological indices of seawater readiness in postspawning steelhead kelts: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 24, no. 1, p. 112-122, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12130.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"112","endPage":"122","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052013","costCenters":[{"id":342,"text":"Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287840,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eff.12130"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Washington","volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5388570ce4b0318b93124af1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buelow, Jessica","contributorId":58192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buelow","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moffitt, Christine M. 0000-0001-6020-9728 cmoffitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6020-9728","contributorId":2583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffitt","given":"Christine","email":"cmoffitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70104727,"text":"70104727 - 2015 - Hydrologic response to valley-scale structure in alpine headwaters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-24T18:04:36","indexId":"70104727","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-19T09:54:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic response to valley-scale structure in alpine headwaters","docAbstract":"

Few systematic studies of valley-scale geomorphic drivers of streamflow regimes in complex alpine headwaters have compared response between catchments. As a result, little guidance is available for regional-scale hydrological research and monitoring efforts that include assessments of ecosystem function. Physical parameters such as slope, elevation range, drainage area and bedrock geology are often used to stratify differences in streamflow response between sampling sites within an ecoregion. However, these metrics do not take into account geomorphic controls on streamflow specific to glaciated mountain headwaters. The coarse-grained nature of depositional features in alpine catchments suggests that these landforms have little water storage capacity because hillslope runoff moves rapidly just beneath the rock mantle before emerging in fluvial networks. However, recent studies show that a range of depositional features, including talus slopes, protalus ramparts and 'rock-ice' features may have more storage capacity than previously thought.

\n

To better evaluate potential differences in streamflow response among basins with extensive coarse depositional features and those without, we examined the relationships between streamflow discharge, stable isotopes, water temperature and the amplitude of the diurnal signal at five basin outlets. We also quantified the percentages of colluvial channel length measured along the stepped longitudinal profile. Colluvial channels, characterized by the presence of surficial, coarse-grained depositional features, presented sediment-rich, transport-limited morphologies that appeared to have a cumulative effect on the timing and volume of flow downstream. Measurements taken from colluvial channels flowing through depositional landforms showed median recession constants (Kr) of 0.9-0.95, δ18O values of ≥−14.5 and summer diurnal amplitudes ≤0.8 as compared with more typical surface water recession constant values of 0.7, δ18O ≤ −13.5 and diurnal amplitudes >2.0. Our results demonstrated strong associations between the percentage of colluvial channel length within a catchment and moderated streamflow regimes, water temperatures, diurnal signals and depleted δ18O related to groundwater influx.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10141","usgsCitation":"Weekes, A.A., Torgersen, C., Montgomery, D.R., Woodward, A., and Bolton, S.M., 2015, Hydrologic response to valley-scale structure in alpine headwaters: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 3, p. 356-372, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10141.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"356","endPage":"372","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052531","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287280,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.853059,46.707817 ], [ -121.853059,47.026358 ], [ -121.442875,47.026358 ], [ -121.442875,46.707817 ], [ -121.853059,46.707817 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"537b19d2e4b0929ba496ab35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weekes, Anne A.","contributorId":11870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weekes","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":48143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery, David R.","contributorId":67389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bolton, Susan M.","contributorId":76987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolton","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70093685,"text":"70093685 - 2015 - New insight into the spawning behavior of lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, from a recovering population in the Laurentian Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:42:51","indexId":"70093685","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-06T08:36:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New insight into the spawning behavior of lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, from a recovering population in the Laurentian Great Lakes","docAbstract":"

Spawning behavior of lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, is poorly understood, relative to stream-dwelling salmonines. Underwater video records of spawning in a recovering population from the Drummond Island Refuge (Lake Huron) represent the first reported direct observations of lake trout spawning in the Laurentian Great Lakes. These observations provide new insight into lake trout spawning behavior and expand the current conceptual model. Lake trout spawning consisted of at least four distinct behaviors: hovering, traveling, sinking, and gamete release. Hovering is a new courtship behavior that has not been previously described. The apparent concentration of hovering near the margin of the spawning grounds suggests that courtship and mate selection might be isolated from the spawning act (i.e., traveling, sinking, and gamete release). Moreover, we interpret jockeying for position displayed by males during traveling as a unique form of male-male competition that likely evolved in concert with the switch from redd-building to itinerant spawning in lake trout. Unlike previous models, which suggested that intra-sexual competition and mate selection do not occur in lake trout, our model includes both and is therefore consistent with evolutionary theory, given that the sex ratio on spawning grounds is skewed heavily towards males. The model presented in this paper is intended as a working hypothesis, and further revision may become necessary as we gain a more complete understanding of lake trout spawning behavior.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10641-014-0247-6","usgsCitation":"Binder, T., Thompson, H.T., Muir, A., Riley, S., Marsden, J., Bronte, C.R., and Krueger, C., 2015, New insight into the spawning behavior of lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, from a recovering population in the Laurentian Great Lakes: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 98, no. 1, p. 173-181, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-014-0247-6.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"181","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049554","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286943,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286942,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-014-0247-6"}],"otherGeospatial":"Drummond Island Refuge;Lake Huron","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.0484,45.8339 ], [ -84.0484,46.2924 ], [ -83.3463,46.2924 ], [ -83.3463,45.8339 ], [ -84.0484,45.8339 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"98","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5369f651e4b063fb73c0a9ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Binder, Thomas R.","contributorId":23056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Binder","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[{"id":7019,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":490142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Henry T. 0000-0002-3730-9322 hthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3730-9322","contributorId":5028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Henry","email":"hthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muir, Andrew M.","contributorId":103933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muir","given":"Andrew M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Riley, Stephen C.","contributorId":84183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"Stephen C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marsden, J. Ellen","contributorId":10367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsden","given":"J. Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bronte, Charles R.","contributorId":83050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronte","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Krueger, Charles C.","contributorId":67821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krueger","given":"Charles C.","affiliations":[{"id":7019,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":490143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70103310,"text":"70103310 - 2015 - High-resolution paleoclimatology of the Santa Barbara Basin during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and early Little Ice Age based on diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-09T10:06:27","indexId":"70103310","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-05T14:54:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-resolution paleoclimatology of the Santa Barbara Basin during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and early Little Ice Age based on diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC","docAbstract":"

Diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages documented in a high-resolution time series spanning 800 to 1600 AD in varved sediment recovered in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC (34°16.845’ N, 120°02.332’ W, water depth 588 m) from the Santa Barbara Basin (SBB) reveal that SBB surface water conditions during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the early part of the Little Ice Age (LIA) were not extreme by modern standards, mostly falling within one standard deviation of mean conditions during the pre anthropogenic interval of 1748 to 1900. No clear differences between the character of MCA and the early LIA conditions are apparent. During intervals of extreme droughts identified by terrigenous proxy scanning XRF analyses, diatom and silicoflagellate proxies for coastal upwelling typically exceed one standard deviation above mean values for 1748-1900, supporting the hypothesis that droughts in southern California are associated with cooler (or La Niña-like) sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Increased percentages of diatoms transported downslope generally coincide with intervals of increased siliciclastic flux to the SBB identified by scanning XRF analyses. Diatom assemblages suggest only two intervals of the MCA (at ~897 to 922 and ~1151 to 1167) when proxy SSTs exceeded one standard deviation above mean values for 1748 to 1900. Conversely, silicoflagellates imply extreme warm water events only at ~830 to 860 (early MCA) and ~1360 to 1370 (early LIA) that are not supported by the diatom data. Silicoflagellates appear to be more suitable for characterizing average climate during the 5 to 11 year-long sample intervals studied in the SPR0901-02KC core than diatoms, probably because diatom relative abundances may be dominated by seasonal blooms of a particular year.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2014.04.020","usgsCitation":"Barron, J.A., Bukry, D.B., and Hendy, I.L., 2015, High-resolution paleoclimatology of the Santa Barbara Basin during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and early Little Ice Age based on diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC: Quaternary International, v. 387, p. 13-22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.04.020.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051912","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286826,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.04.020"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Barbara Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.50000,33.666667 ], [ -120.50000,34.666667 ], [ -119.00000,34.666667 ], [ -119.00000,33.666667 ], [ -120.50000,33.666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"387","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5368a4d1e4b059f7e82882ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bukry, David B.","contributorId":87070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hendy, Ingrid L.","contributorId":67416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendy","given":"Ingrid","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70059676,"text":"70059676 - 2015 - Demographic changes following mechanical removal of exotic brown trout in an Intermountain West (USA), high-elevation stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-19T15:36:45","indexId":"70059676","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T12:03:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographic changes following mechanical removal of exotic brown trout in an Intermountain West (USA), high-elevation stream","docAbstract":"

Exotic species present a great threat to native fish conservation; however, eradicating exotics is expensive and often impractical. Mechanical removal can be ineffective for eradication, but nonetheless may increase management effectiveness by identifying portions of a watershed that are strong sources of exotics. We used mechanical removal to understand processes driving exotic brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations in the Logan River, Utah. Our goals were to: (i) evaluate the demographic response of brown trout to mechanical removal, (ii) identify sources of brown trout recruitment at a watershed scale and (iii) evaluate whether mechanical removal can reduce brown trout densities. We removed brown trout from 2 km of the Logan River (4174 fish), and 5.6 km of Right Hand Fork (RHF, 15,245 fish), a low-elevation tributary, using single-pass electrofishing. We compared fish abundance and size distributions prior to, and after 2 years of mechanical removal. In the Logan River, immigration to the removal reach and high natural variability in fish abundances limited the response to mechanical removal. In contrast, mechanical removal in RHF resulted in a strong recruitment pulse, shifting the size distribution towards smaller fish. These results suggest that, before removal, density-dependent mortality or emigration of juvenile fish stabilised adult populations and may have provided a source of juveniles to the main stem. Overall, in sites demonstrating strong density-dependent population regulation, or near sources of exotics, short-term mechanical removal has limited effects on brown trout populations but may help identify factors governing populations and inform large-scale management of exotic species.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12143","usgsCitation":"Saunders, W.C., Budy, P.E., and Thiede, G.P., 2015, Demographic changes following mechanical removal of exotic brown trout in an Intermountain West (USA), high-elevation stream: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 24, no. 2, p. 252-263, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12143.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"263","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034361","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12143","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":291664,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291663,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eff.12143"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","city":"Logan","otherGeospatial":"Logan River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.901876,41.692809 ], [ -111.901876,41.939489 ], [ -111.492027,41.939489 ], [ -111.492027,41.692809 ], [ -111.901876,41.692809 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e1efcae4b0fe532be2de0e","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/eff.12143","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eff.12143","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Saunders W. Carl, Budy Phaedra, Thiede Gary P.","journalName":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","publicationDate":"5/2/2014","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saunders, W. Carl","contributorId":46883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saunders","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Carl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budy, Phaedra E. pbudy@usgs.gov","contributorId":2232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"Phaedra","email":"pbudy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":322,"text":"Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thiede, Gary P.","contributorId":9154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thiede","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70115357,"text":"70115357 - 2015 - Change in agricultural land use constrains adaptation of national wildlife refuges to climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-09T15:02:31","indexId":"70115357","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T10:54:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1531,"text":"Environmental Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Change in agricultural land use constrains adaptation of national wildlife refuges to climate change","docAbstract":"

Land-use change around protected areas limits their ability to conserve biodiversity by altering ecological processes such as natural hydrologic and disturbance regimes, facilitating species invasions, and interfering with dispersal of organisms. This paper informs USA National Wildlife Refuge System conservation planning by predicting future land-use change on lands within 25 km distance of 461 refuges in the USA using an econometric model. The model contained two differing policy scenarios, namely a ‘business-as-usual’ scenario and a ‘pro-agriculture’ scenario. Regardless of scenario, by 2051, forest cover and urban land use were predicted to increase around refuges, while the extent of range and pasture was predicted to decrease; cropland use decreased under the business-as-usual scenario, but increased under the pro-agriculture scenario. Increasing agricultural land value under the pro-agriculture scenario slowed an expected increase in forest around refuges, and doubled the rate of range and pasture loss. Intensity of land-use change on lands surrounding refuges differed by regions. Regional differences among scenarios revealed that an understanding of regional and local land-use dynamics and management options was an essential requirement to effectively manage these conserved lands. Such knowledge is particularly important given the predicted need to adapt to a changing global climate.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0376892914000174","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, C., Thogmartin, W.E., Radeloff, V., Plantinga, A.J., Heglund, P., Martinuzzi, S., and Pidgeon, A.M., 2015, Change in agricultural land use constrains adaptation of national wildlife refuges to climate change: Environmental Conservation, v. 42, no. 1, p. 12-19, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892914000174.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053578","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289356,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0376892914000174"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b0c9e4b0388651d9166d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, Christopher M.","contributorId":27767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Christopher M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Radeloff, Volker C.","contributorId":76169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radeloff","given":"Volker C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Plantinga, Andrew J.","contributorId":75413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plantinga","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heglund, Patricia J.","contributorId":51248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heglund","given":"Patricia J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martinuzzi, Sebastian","contributorId":17491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinuzzi","given":"Sebastian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pidgeon, Anna M.","contributorId":84243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pidgeon","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70141792,"text":"70141792 - 2015 - Trend analyses with river sediment rating curves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-02T10:00:11","indexId":"70141792","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-25T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trend analyses with river sediment rating curves","docAbstract":"

Sediment rating curves, which are fitted relationships between river discharge (Q) and suspended-sediment concentration (C), are commonly used to assess patterns and trends in river water quality. In many of these studies it is assumed that rating curves have a power-law form (i.e., C = aQb, where a and b are fitted parameters). Two fundamental questions about the utility of these techniques are assessed in this paper: (i) How well to the parameters, a and b, characterize trends in the data? (ii) Are trends in rating curves diagnostic of changes to river water or sediment discharge? As noted in previous research, the offset parameter, a, is not an independent variable for most rivers, but rather strongly dependent on b and Q. Here it is shown that a is a poor metric for trends in the vertical offset of a rating curve, and a new parameter, â, as determined by the discharge-normalized power function [C = â (Q/QGM)b], where QGM is the geometric mean of the Q values sampled, provides a better characterization of trends. However, these techniques must be applied carefully, because curvature in the relationship between log(Q) and log(C), which exists for many rivers, can produce false trends in â and b. Also, it is shown that trends in â and b are not uniquely diagnostic of river water or sediment supply conditions. For example, an increase in â can be caused by an increase in sediment supply, a decrease in water supply, or a combination of these conditions. Large changes in water and sediment supplies can occur without any change in the parameters, â and b. Thus, trend analyses using sediment rating curves must include additional assessments of the time-dependent rates and trends of river water, sediment concentrations, and sediment discharge.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online Library","publisherLocation":"Chichester, Sussex, England","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10198","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J., 2015, Trend analyses with river sediment rating curves: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 6, p. 936-949, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10198.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"936","endPage":"949","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052344","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488444,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10198","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":298087,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54ec5d49e4b02d776a67dab9","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/hyp.10198","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10198","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Warrick Jonathan A.","journalName":"Hydrological Processes","publicationDate":"4/25/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814 jwarrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":139314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan A.","email":"jwarrick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70155944,"text":"70155944 - 2015 - Real-time inversions for finite fault slip models and rupture geometry based on high-rate GPS data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-13T12:59:29","indexId":"70155944","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-17T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Real-time inversions for finite fault slip models and rupture geometry based on high-rate GPS data","docAbstract":"

We present an inversion strategy capable of using real-time high-rate GPS data to simultaneously solve for a distributed slip model and fault geometry in real time as a rupture unfolds. We employ Bayesian inference to find the optimal fault geometry and the distribution of possible slip models for that geometry using a simple analytical solution. By adopting an analytical Bayesian approach, we can solve this complex inversion problem (including calculating the uncertainties on our results) in real time. Furthermore, since the joint inversion for distributed slip and fault geometry can be computed in real time, the time required to obtain a source model of the earthquake does not depend on the computational cost. Instead, the time required is controlled by the duration of the rupture and the time required for information to propagate from the source to the receivers. We apply our modeling approach, called Bayesian Evidence-based Fault Orientation and Real-time Earthquake Slip, to the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake, 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake, and a simulated Hayward fault earthquake. In all three cases, the inversion recovers the magnitude, spatial distribution of slip, and fault geometry in real time. Since our inversion relies on static offsets estimated from real-time high-rate GPS data, we also present performance tests of various approaches to estimating quasi-static offsets in real time. We find that the raw high-rate time series are the best data to use for determining the moment magnitude of the event, but slightly smoothing the raw time series helps stabilize the inversion for fault geometry.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2013JB010622","usgsCitation":"Minson, S.E., Murray, J.R., Langbein, J.O., and Gomberg, J.S., 2015, Real-time inversions for finite fault slip models and rupture geometry based on high-rate GPS data: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 119, no. 4, p. 3201-3231, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JB010622.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"3201","endPage":"3231","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051917","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472482,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140725-094124222","text":"External Repository"},{"id":306652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfbbe4b08400b1fe142f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minson, Sarah E. 0000-0001-5869-3477 sminson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5869-3477","contributorId":5357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minson","given":"Sarah","email":"sminson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murray, Jessica R. 0000-0002-6144-1681 jrmurray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6144-1681","contributorId":2759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"Jessica","email":"jrmurray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langbein, John O. 0000-0002-7821-8101 langbein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7821-8101","contributorId":3293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"John","email":"langbein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gomberg, Joan S. 0000-0002-0134-2606 gomberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0134-2606","contributorId":1269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"Joan","email":"gomberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70158601,"text":"70158601 - 2015 - Surgical insertions of transmitters and telemetry methods in fisheries research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-01T12:40:46","indexId":"70158601","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":734,"text":"American Journal of Veterinary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surgical insertions of transmitters and telemetry methods in fisheries research","docAbstract":"

Use of electronic transmitter and monitoring systems to track movements of aquatic animals has increased continuously since the inception of these systems in the mid-1950s. The purpose of the present report is to provide information about veterinary principles and their incorporation into surgical implantation procedures for fish. We also intend to provide insight into the unique challenges of field-based aquatic surgical studies. Within this context, 4 aspects of the process for surgical implantation of transmitters in fish (ie, handling, aseptic technique, anesthesia, and implantation) will be described. Effects of surgical insertion of transmitters (ie, tagging) and aspects of the surgical implantation process where collaboration and professional exchanges among nonveterinarian researchers and veterinarians may be most fruitful will be discussed. Although this report focuses on surgical implantation, the principles and protocols described here (other than incision and suture placement) are also applicable to studies that involve injection of transmitters into fish.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.75.4.402","usgsCitation":"Wargo Rub, A.M., Jepsen, N., Liedtke, T.L., Moser, L., and Weber III, E., 2015, Surgical insertions of transmitters and telemetry methods in fisheries research: American Journal of Veterinary Research, v. 4, no. 75, p. 402-416, https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.75.4.402.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"402","endPage":"416","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046222","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.75.4.402","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":309384,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://avmajournals.avma.org/doi/abs/10.2460/ajvr.75.4.402"},{"id":309405,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"75","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56349688e4b0480763480018","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wargo Rub, A. Michelle","contributorId":148962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wargo Rub","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michelle","affiliations":[{"id":17605,"text":"NOAA, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":576270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jepsen, Niels","contributorId":148967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jepsen","given":"Niels","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liedtke, Theresa L. 0000-0001-6063-9867 tliedtke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6063-9867","contributorId":2999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liedtke","given":"Theresa","email":"tliedtke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moser, L","contributorId":148961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moser","given":"L","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17605,"text":"NOAA, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":576269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weber III, E. P. Scott","contributorId":148963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weber III","given":"E. P. Scott","affiliations":[{"id":17606,"text":"Univ. CA Davis, Davis, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":576271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70099201,"text":"70099201 - 2015 - Projected risk of population declines for native fish species in the Upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-02T14:23:03","indexId":"70099201","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-24T13:21:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Projected risk of population declines for native fish species in the Upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"

Conservationists are in need of objective metrics for prioritizing the management of habitats. For individual species, the threat of extinction is often used to prioritize what species are in need of conservation action. Using long-term monitoring data, we applied a Bayesian diffusion approximation to estimate quasi-extinction risk for 54 native fish species within six commercial navigation reaches along a 1350-km gradient of the upper Mississippi River system. We found a strong negative linear relationship between quasi-extinction risk and distance upstream. For some species, quasi-extinction estimates ranged from nearly zero in some reaches to one in others, suggesting substantial variability in threats facing individual river reaches. We found no evidence that species traits affected quasi-extinction risk across the entire system. Our results indicate that fishes within the upper Mississippi River system face localized threats that vary across river impact gradients. This suggests that conservation actions should be focused on local habitat scales but should also consider the additive effects on downstream conditions. We also emphasize the need for identification of proximate mechanisms behind observed and predicted population declines, as conservation actions will require mitigation of such mechanisms. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.2741","usgsCitation":"Crimmins, S., Boma, P., and Thogmartin, W., 2015, Projected risk of population declines for native fish species in the Upper Mississippi River: River Research and Applications, v. 31, no. 2, p. 135-142, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2741.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"142","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052471","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2741","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":284401,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":284400,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.2741"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.2469,35.9732 ], [ -95.2469,47.4978 ], [ -89.0944,47.4978 ], [ -89.0944,35.9732 ], [ -95.2469,35.9732 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c2de4b08de9379b3690","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crimmins, S.M.","contributorId":42870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crimmins","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boma, P.","contributorId":74298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boma","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thogmartin, W.E. 0000-0002-2384-4279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":26392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"W.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70058710,"text":"70058710 - 2015 - Climate change collaboration among natural resource management agencies: lessons learned from two US regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T11:24:53","indexId":"70058710","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-26T09:41:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2261,"text":"Journal of Environmental Planning and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change collaboration among natural resource management agencies: lessons learned from two US regions","docAbstract":"

It has been argued that regional collaboration can facilitate adaptation to climate change impacts through integrated planning and management. In an attempt to understand the underlying institutional factors that either support or contest this assumption, this paper explores the institutional factors influencing adaptation to climate change at the regional scale, where multiple public land and natural resource management jurisdictions are involved. Insights from two mid-western US case studies reveal that several challenges to collaboration persist and prevent fully integrative multi-jurisdictional adaptation planning at a regional scale. We propose that some of these challenges, such as lack of adequate time, funding and communication channels, be reframed as opportunities to build interdependence, identify issue-linkages and collaboratively explore the nature and extent of organisational trade-offs with respect to regional climate change adaptation efforts. Such a reframing can better facilitate multi-jurisdictional adaptation planning and management of shared biophysical resources generally while simultaneously enhancing organisational capacity to mitigate negative effects and take advantage of potentially favourable future conditions in an era characterised by rapid climate change.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/09640568.2013.876392","usgsCitation":"Lemieux, C.J., Thompson, J., Slocombe, D.S., and Schuster, R., 2015, Climate change collaboration among natural resource management agencies: lessons learned from two US regions: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, v. 58, no. 4, p. 654-677, https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2013.876392.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"654","endPage":"677","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052946","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285126,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Norther Colorado Region, Northern Great Plains and Forest Region","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0228,37.0071 ], [ -109.0228,40.9781 ], [ -104.6147,40.9781 ], [ -104.6147,37.0071 ], [ -109.0228,37.0071 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"58","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351702de4b05569d805a196","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lemieux, Christopher J.","contributorId":102387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lemieux","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Jessica","contributorId":9962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slocombe, D. Scott","contributorId":103580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slocombe","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schuster, Rudy 0000-0003-2353-8500 schusterr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-8500","contributorId":3119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Rudy","email":"schusterr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":487287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70048328,"text":"70048328 - 2015 - Simulation of water-table aquifers using specified saturated thickness","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-27T16:53:35.611776","indexId":"70048328","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-20T13:20:04","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation of water-table aquifers using specified saturated thickness","docAbstract":"

Simulating groundwater flow in a water-table (unconfined) aquifer can be difficult because the saturated thickness available for flow depends on model-calculated hydraulic heads. It is often possible to realize substantial time savings and still obtain accurate head and flow solutions by specifying an approximate saturated thickness a priori, thus linearizing this aspect of the model. This specified-thickness approximation often relies on the use of the “confined” option in numerical models, which has led to confusion and criticism of the method. This article reviews the theoretical basis for the specified-thickness approximation, derives an error analysis for relatively ideal problems, and illustrates the utility of the approximation with a complex test problem. In the transient version of our complex test problem, the specified-thickness approximation produced maximum errors in computed drawdown of about 4% of initial aquifer saturated thickness even when maximum drawdowns were nearly 20% of initial saturated thickness. In the final steady-state version, the approximation produced maximum errors in computed drawdown of about 20% of initial aquifer saturated thickness (mean errors of about 5%) when maximum drawdowns were about 35% of initial saturated thickness. In early phases of model development, such as during initial model calibration efforts, the specified-thickness approximation can be a very effective tool to facilitate convergence. The reduced execution time and increased stability obtained through the approximation can be especially useful when many model runs are required, such as during inverse model calibration, sensitivity and uncertainty analyses, multimodel analysis, and development of optimal resource management scenarios.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12164","usgsCitation":"Sheets, R., Hill, M.C., Haitjema, H.M., Provost, A., and Masterson, J., 2015, Simulation of water-table aquifers using specified saturated thickness: Ground Water, v. 53, no. 1, p. 151-157, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12164.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"151","endPage":"157","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051323","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c59e4b08de9379b3743","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheets, Rodney A. rasheets@usgs.gov","contributorId":1848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheets","given":"Rodney A.","email":"rasheets@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haitjema, Henk M.","contributorId":74678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haitjema","given":"Henk","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Provost, Alden M.","contributorId":85652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Provost","given":"Alden M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413 jpmaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":1865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","email":"jpmaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70144555,"text":"70144555 - 2015 - Evidence of low genetic variation and rare alleles in a bottlenecked endangered island endemic, the Lasan Teal (Anas laysanensis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-04T19:46:37.140624","indexId":"70144555","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-29T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":222,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-063","title":"Evidence of low genetic variation and rare alleles in a bottlenecked endangered island endemic, the Lasan Teal (Anas laysanensis)","docAbstract":"

Genetic diversity is assumed to reflect the evolutionary potential and adaptability of populations, and thus quantifying the genetic diversity of endangered species is useful for recovery programs. In particular, if conservation strategies include reintroductions, periodic genetic assessments are useful to evaluate whether management efforts have resulted in the maximization or loss of genetic variation within populations over generations. In this study, we collected blood, feather, and tissue samples during 1999–2009 and quantified genetic diversity for a critically endangered waterfowl species endemic to the Hawaiian archipelago, the Laysan teal or duck (Anas laysanensis; n = 239 individual birds sampled). The last extant population of this species at Laysan Island was sourced in 2004–2005 for a ‘wild to wild’ translocation of 42 individuals for an experimental reintroduction to Midway Atoll. To inform future management strategies, we compared genetic diversity sampled from the source population (n = 133 Laysan birds) including 23 of Midway’s founders and offspring of the translocated population 2–5 years post release (n = 96 Midway birds). We attempted to identify polymorphic markers by screening nuclear microsatellite (N = 83) and intronic loci (N = 19), as well as the mitochondrial control region (mtDNA) for a subset of samples. Among 83 microsatellite loci screened, six were variable. We found low nuclear variation consistent with the species’ historical population bottlenecks and sequence variation was observed at a single intron locus. We detected no variation within the mtDNA. We found limited but similar estimates of allelic richness (2.58 alleles per locus) and heterozygosity within islands. Two rare alleles found in the Laysan Island source population were not present in the Midway translocated group, and a rare allele was discovered in an individual on Midway in 2008. We found similar genetic diversity and low, but statistically significant, levels of differentiation (0.6%) between island populations suggesting that genetic drift (as a result of translocation-induced population bottlenecking) has had a limited effect within five years post-release. Our results have utility for informing translocation and genetic management decisions.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, M.H., Pearce, J.M., Lavretsky, P., Peters Jeffrey L, Courtot, K., and Seixas, P.P., 2015, Evidence of low genetic variation and rare alleles in a bottlenecked endangered island endemic, the Lasan Teal (Anas laysanensis): Technical Report HCSU-063, Report: ii, 14 p.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062847","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326245,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":433463,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://hilo.hawaii.edu/hcsu/documents/TR63_Reynolds_Duck_Final.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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spp.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-08T10:19:12","indexId":"70073329","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-20T15:40:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2145,"text":"Journal of Advanced Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"An investigation of the bactericidal activity of selected essential oils to Aeromonas spp.","title":"An investigation of the bactericidal activity of selected essential oils to Aeromonas spp.","docAbstract":"

Diseases of fishes caused by Aeromonas spp. are common, have broad host ranges and may cause high mortality. Treatments of captive-reared populations using antimicrobials are limited with concerns for bacterial resistance development and environmental dissemination. This study was done to determine whether selected plant-derived essential oils were bactericidal to Aeromonas spp. Initially, twelve essential oils were evaluated using a disk diffusion assay to an isolate of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, cause of fish furunculosis. The greatest zones of inhibition were obtained with oils of cinnamon Cinnamomum cassia, oregano Origanum vulgare, lemongrass Cymbopogon citratus and thyme Thymus vulgaris. Minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC’s) were determined for these four oils, Allimed® (garlic extract, Allium sativum) and colloidal silver to sixty-nine isolates representing nine Aeromonas spp. The lowest mean MBCs (0.02–0.04%) were obtained with three different sources of cinnamon oil. MBCs for three sources of oregano and lemongrass oils ranged from 0.14% to 0.30% and 0.10% to 0.65%, respectively, and for two thyme oils were 2.11% and 2.22%. The highest concentration (5%) of Allimed® tested resulted in MBCs to twelve isolates. A concentration of silver greater than 15 mg/L would be required to determine MBCs for all but one isolate.

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