I present a long-term earthquake rate model for the central and eastern United States from adaptive smoothed seismicity. By employing pseudoprospective likelihood testing (L-test), I examined the effects of fixed and adaptive smoothing methods and the effects of catalog duration and composition on the ability of the models to forecast the spatial distribution of recent earthquakes. To stabilize the adaptive smoothing method for regions of low seismicity, I introduced minor modifications to the way that the adaptive smoothing distances are calculated. Across all smoothed seismicity models, the use of adaptive smoothing and the use of earthquakes from the recent part of the catalog optimizes the likelihood for tests with M≥2.7 and M≥4.0 earthquake catalogs. The smoothed seismicity models optimized by likelihood testing with M≥2.7 catalogs also produce the highest likelihood values for M≥4.0 likelihood testing, thus substantiating the hypothesis that the locations of moderate-size earthquakes can be forecast by the locations of smaller earthquakes. The likelihood test does not, however, maximize the fraction of earthquakes that are better forecast than a seismicity rate model with uniform rates in all cells. In this regard, fixed smoothing models perform better than adaptive smoothing models. The preferred model of this study is the adaptive smoothed seismicity model, based on its ability to maximize the joint likelihood of predicting the locations of recent small-to-moderate-size earthquakes across eastern North America. The preferred rate model delineates 12 regions where the annual rate of M≥5 earthquakes exceeds 2×10−3. Although these seismic regions have been previously recognized, the preferred forecasts are more spatially concentrated than the rates from fixed smoothed seismicity models, with rate increases of up to a factor of 10 near clusters of high seismic activity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120140370","usgsCitation":"Moschetti, M.P., 2015, A long-term earthquake rate model for the central and eastern United States from smoothed seismicity: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 6, no. 105, p. 2928-2941, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120140370.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2928","endPage":"2941","ipdsId":"IP-065608","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"105","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59882a95e4b05ba66e9ffddc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159046,"text":"70159046 - 2015 - The hydrogeology of urbanization: The lost springs of Washington, D.C., late Tertiary and Quaternary sediments of D.C., and the Baltimore Long Term Ecological Research site (LTER): Chapter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-24T12:26:29","indexId":"70159046","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The hydrogeology of urbanization: The lost springs of Washington, D.C., late Tertiary and Quaternary sediments of D.C., and the Baltimore Long Term Ecological Research site (LTER): Chapter","docAbstract":"Urbanization is a major process now shaping the environment. This field trip looks at the hydrogeology of the general Washington, D.C., area and focuses on the city's lost springs. Until 150 years ago, springs and shallow dug wells were the main source of drinking water for residents of Washington, D.C. Celebrating the nation's bicentennial, Garnett P. Williams of the U.S. Geological Survey examined changes in water supply and water courses since 1776. He examined old newspaper files to determine the location of the city's springs. This field trip visits sites of some of these springs (few of which are now flowing), discusses the hydrologic impacts of urbanization and the general geological setting, and finishes with the Baltimore Long Term Ecological Research site at Dead Run and its findings. The field trip visits some familiar locations in the Washington, D.C., area, and gives insights into their often hidden hydrologic past and present.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tripping from the Fall Line: Field Excursions for the GSA Annual Meeting, Baltimore, 2015","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","usgsCitation":"Bhaskar, A., Pavich, M.J., and Sharp, J.M., 2015, The hydrogeology of urbanization: The lost springs of Washington, D.C., late Tertiary and Quaternary sediments of D.C., and the Baltimore Long Term Ecological Research site (LTER): Chapter, chap. of Tripping from the Fall Line: Field Excursions for the GSA Annual Meeting, Baltimore, 2015, v. 40, p. 499-517.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"499","endPage":"517","ipdsId":"IP-067619","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340185,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340184,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fieldguides.gsapubs.org/content/40/499.abstract"}],"country":"United States","state":"District of Columbia, Maryland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.3712158203125,\n 38.762650338334154\n ],\n [\n -76.46759033203125,\n 38.762650338334154\n ],\n [\n -76.46759033203125,\n 39.404366615861036\n ],\n [\n -77.3712158203125,\n 39.404366615861036\n ],\n [\n -77.3712158203125,\n 38.762650338334154\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ff0ea2e4b006455f2d61de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bhaskar, Aditi abhaskar@usgs.gov","contributorId":146249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bhaskar","given":"Aditi","email":"abhaskar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavich, Milan J. mpavich@usgs.gov","contributorId":2348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavich","given":"Milan","email":"mpavich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sharp, John M.","contributorId":149229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharp","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12430,"text":"University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":692619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70188138,"text":"70188138 - 2015 - The geology of Burnsville Cove, Bath and Highland Counties, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T13:43:22","indexId":"70188138","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The geology of Burnsville Cove, Bath and Highland Counties, Virginia","docAbstract":"Burnsville Cove is a karst region in Bath and Highland Counties of Virginia. A new geologic map of the area reveals various units of limestone, sandstone, and siliciclastic mudstone (shale) of Silurian through Devonian age, as well as structural features such as northeast-trending anticlines and synclines, minor thrust faults, and prominent joints. Quaternary features include erosional (strath) terraces and accumulations of mud, sand, and gravel. The caves of Burnsville Cove are located within predominantly carbonate strata above the Silurian Williamsport Sandstone and below the Devonian Oriskany Sandstone. Most of the caves are located within the Silurian Tonoloway Limestone, rather than the Silurian-Devonian Keyser Limestone as reported previously.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Caves of Burnsville Cove, Virginia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","publisherLocation":"Cham","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-14391-0_16","usgsCitation":"Swezey, C.S., Haynes, J.T., Lambert, R.A., White, W.B., Lucas, P.C., and Garrity, C.P., 2015, The geology of Burnsville Cove, Bath and Highland Counties, Virginia, chap. of The Caves of Burnsville Cove, Virginia, p. 299-334, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14391-0_16.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"334","ipdsId":"IP-039161","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341982,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Bath County, Highland County","otherGeospatial":"Burnsville Cove","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.679167,\n 38.241667\n ],\n [\n -79.5625,\n 38.241667\n ],\n [\n -79.5625,\n 38.141667\n ],\n [\n -79.679167,\n 38.141667\n ],\n [\n -79.679167,\n 38.241667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593127b1e4b0e9bd0ea9ef1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swezey, Christopher S. 0000-0003-4019-9264 cswezey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4019-9264","contributorId":173033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swezey","given":"Christopher","email":"cswezey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haynes, John T.","contributorId":54842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haynes","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lambert, Richard A.","contributorId":191929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lambert","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, William B.","contributorId":65397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lucas, Philip C.","contributorId":191928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lucas","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Garrity, Christopher P. 0000-0002-5565-1818 cgarrity@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5565-1818","contributorId":644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrity","given":"Christopher","email":"cgarrity@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70148716,"text":"sir20155088 - 2015 - Water levels of the Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-15T09:06:44","indexId":"sir20155088","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-13T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5088","title":"Water levels of the Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas, 2013","docAbstract":"The Ozark aquifer is the largest aquifer, both in area of outcrop and thickness, and the most important source of freshwater in the Ozark Plateaus physiographic province, supplying water to northern Arkansas, southeastern Kansas, southern Missouri, and northeastern Oklahoma. The study area includes 16 Arkansas counties lying completely or partially within the Ozark Plateaus of the Interior Highlands major physiographic division. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission and the Arkansas Geological Survey, conducted a study of water levels in the Ozark aquifer within Arkansas. This report presents a potentiometric-surface map of the Ozark aquifer within the Ozark Plateaus of northern Arkansas, representing water-level conditions for the early spring of 2013 and selected water-level hydrographs.
\nThe Ozark aquifer in Arkansas is composed of dolomites, limestones, sandstones, and shales of Late Cambrian to Middle Devonian age and ranges in thickness from approximately 1,100 feet (ft) in northwestern Arkansas to more than 4,000 ft in the west-central part of Arkansas. Most wells completed in the aquifer yield between 50 and 100 gallons per minute (gal/min), although some wells may yield as much as 600 gal/min.
\nWater-level measurements were made in wells completed in the Ozark aquifer from February to May 2013. Hydrographs were constructed for nine wells that have water-level measurements with a minimum 20-year period of record.
\nWater-level altitudes in wells used to construct the potentiometric-surface map range from about 1,159 ft to 313 ft above National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). The highest water-level altitudes occur in Carroll and Washington Counties while water-level altitudes of less than 400 ft above NGVD 29 are mapped along the eastern and southeastern part of the study area in Independence, Lawrence, Randolph, and Sharp Counties. The lowest water level of 313 ft above NGVD 29 was measured in southwestern Randolph County.
\nThe direction of groundwater flow generally is affected by local topography, flowing from high altitudes toward stream valleys. In southern Baxter, eastern Fulton, Independence, eastern Izard, Lawrence, Randolph, and Sharp Counties, the groundwater flow is generally to the south and southeast. In western Fulton and Izard Counties, the groundwater flow is generally to the southwest. In Boone, Marion, Newton, Searcy, and Stone Counties, the groundwater flow is generally to the east and northeast. In eastern Benton, Carroll, Madison, and eastern Washington Counties, the groundwater flow is generally to the north and northeast. In western Benton and western Washington Counties, the groundwater flow is generally to the west and northwest.
\nThe general level and shape of the potentiometric surface has changed little since predevelopment. A comparison of the predevelopment potentiometric surface and the 2007, 2010, and 2013 potentiometric surfaces indicate general agreement between the mapped surfaces with the exception of parts of Benton, Boone, Marion, and Washington Counties. In Boone and northern Marion Counties in 2013, water levels have declined when compared to the predevelopment potentiometric surface, although the direction of flow is still to the northeast and north. In southern Marion County, water levels have declined when compared to the predevelopment, 2007, and 2010 potentiometric surfaces, although the direction of flow is towards and along the stream valleys. In western Benton and northwestern Washington Counties, water levels are similar when compared to the predevelopment potentiometric surface, and the direction of flow is to the west and northwest, similar to the predevelopment direction of flow. The mapped 2007 and 2010 potentiometric surfaces are very different from the mapped 2013 potentiometric surface in western Benton and northwestern Washington Counties. The mapped 2013 potentiometric surface in western Benton and northwestern Washington Counties follows the contours of the top of the formation, similar to the predevelopment potentiometric surface. Since 1975, water use in the Ozark aquifer has declined 45 percent, while water levels in Benton, Boone, Marion, and Washington Counties continue to decline.
\nNine hydrographs were selected as representative of the water-level conditions in their respective counties. Wells in Fulton, Izard, and Newton Counties (station names 20N08W27ABD1, 18N09W15BCB1, and 16N21W34ABC1, respectively) have water levels that are within the usual range of values for their respective counties. Wells in Boone, Marion, and Washington Counties (station names 18N19W19BCC1, 19N15W20ACC1, and 16N32W09ABD1, respectively) have water levels that have recently declined or are declining for the period of record. Wells in Benton, Carroll, and Sharp Counties (station names 19N29W07DAA1, 21N26W17BCC1, and 15N05W06DDD1, respectively) have water levels that have been rising recently.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155088","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission and the Arkansas Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Schrader, T.P., 2015, Water levels of the Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5088, 17 p., 1 pl., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155088.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 17 p.; 1 Plate: 17.0 x 11.0 inches","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-059919","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305590,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5088/pdf/sir20155088-pl1.pdf","text":"Plate","size":"628 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5088 Plate"},{"id":305588,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5088/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":305589,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5088/pdf/sir20155088.pdf","text":"Report","size":"971 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5088"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Ozark Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.625244140625,\n 36.500805317604794\n ],\n [\n -90.72509765625,\n 36.474306755095206\n ],\n [\n -90.670166015625,\n 36.19995805932895\n ],\n [\n -90.7470703125,\n 36.06686213257888\n ],\n [\n -91.131591796875,\n 35.93354064249312\n ],\n [\n -91.1865234375,\n 35.755428369259626\n ],\n [\n -91.49414062499999,\n 35.639441068973916\n ],\n [\n -91.73583984374999,\n 35.7286770448517\n ],\n [\n -91.8017578125,\n 35.89795019335754\n ],\n [\n -94.537353515625,\n 35.79999392988527\n ],\n [\n -94.625244140625,\n 36.500805317604794\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
401 Hardin Road
Little Rock, Arkansas 72211-3528
http://ar.water.usgs.gov/
Hybridization associated with species introductions can accelerate the decline of native species. The main objective of this study was to determine if the decline of a North American liana (American bittersweet, Celastrus scandens) in the eastern portion of its range is related to hybridization with an introduced congener (oriental bittersweet, C. orbiculatus). We used newly characterized microsatellite loci, a maternally-inherited chloroplast DNA marker, and field observation to survey individuals across the USA to determine the prevalence of hybrids, their importance in the invasion of C. orbiculatus, and the predominant direction of hybridization. We found that only 8.4 % of non-native genotypes were hybrids (20 of 239), and these hybrids were geographically widespread. Hybrids showed reduced seed set (decline of >98 %) and small, likely inviable pollen. Genetic analysis of a maternally inherited chloroplast marker showed that all 20 identified hybrids came from C. scandens seed parents. The strong asymmetry in pollen flow that favors fecundity in introduced males has the potential to greatly accelerate the decline of native species by wasting limited female reproductive effort.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/s10530-015-0926-z","usgsCitation":"Zaya, D.N., Leicht-Young, S.A., Pavlovic, N.B., Feldheim, K.A., and Ashley, M.V., 2015, Genetic characterization of hybridization between native and invasive bittersweet vines (Celastrus spp.): Biological Invasions, v. 17, no. 10, p. 2975-2988, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-015-0926-z.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2975","endPage":"2988","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051910","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313049,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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npavlovic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2335-2274","contributorId":1976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlovic","given":"Noel","email":"npavlovic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Feldheim, Kevin A.","contributorId":150909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feldheim","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13087,"text":"Field Museum of Natural History","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ashley, Mary V.","contributorId":150910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashley","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":18137,"text":"University of Illinois at Chicago","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70146246,"text":"ds923 - 2015 - Installation of a groundwater monitoring-well network on the east side of the Uncompahgre River in the Lower Gunnison River Basin, Colorado, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-07T12:03:32","indexId":"ds923","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-06T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"923","title":"Installation of a groundwater monitoring-well network on the east side of the Uncompahgre River in the Lower Gunnison River Basin, Colorado, 2012","docAbstract":"The east side of the Uncompahgre River Basin has been a known contributor of dissolved selenium to recipient streams. Discharge of groundwater containing dissolved selenium contributes to surface-water selenium concentrations and loads; however, the groundwater system on the east side of the Uncompahgre River Basin is not well characterized. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board and the Bureau of Reclamation, has established a groundwater-monitoring network on the east side of the Uncompahgre River Basin. Ten monitoring wells were installed during October and November 2012. This report presents location data, lithologic logs, well-construction diagrams, and well-development information. Understanding the groundwater system will provide managers with an additional metric for evaluating the effectiveness of salinity and selenium control projects.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds923","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Colorado Water Conservation Board and the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Thomas, J.C., and Arnold, L.R., 2015, Installation of a groundwater monitoring-well network on the east side of the Uncompahgre River in the Lower Gunnison River Basin, Colorado, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 923, 29 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds923.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059394","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309728,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds955","text":"DS 955"},{"id":305498,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0923/pdf/ds923.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 923"},{"id":305497,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0923/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":305608,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ds923"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Uncompahgre River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.6154613494873,\n 37.91705002583544\n ],\n [\n -107.6154613494873,\n 37.928153945306555\n ],\n [\n -107.59949684143065,\n 37.928153945306555\n ],\n [\n -107.59949684143065,\n 37.91705002583544\n ],\n [\n -107.6154613494873,\n 37.91705002583544\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Colorado Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 415
Denver, CO 80225
http://co.water.usgs.gov
This study identifies areas prone to lahars from hydrothermally altered volcanic edifices on a global scale, using visible and near infrared (VNIR) and short wavelength infrared (SWIR) reflectance data from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and digital elevation data from the ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) dataset. This is the first study to create a global database of hydrothermally altered volcanoes showing quantitatively compiled alteration maps and potentially affected drainages, as well as drainage-specific maps illustrating modeled lahars and their potential inundation zones. We (1) identified and prioritized 720 volcanoes based on population density surrounding the volcanoes using the Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program database (GVP) and LandScan™ digital population dataset; (2) validated ASTER hydrothermal alteration mapping techniques using Airborne Visible and Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) and ASTER data for Mount Shasta, California, and Pico de Orizaba (Citlaltépetl), Mexico; (3) mapped and slope-classified hydrothermal alteration using ASTER VNIR-SWIR reflectance data on 100 of the most densely populated volcanoes; (4) delineated drainages using ASTER GDEM data that show potential flow paths of possible lahars for the 100 mapped volcanoes; (5) produced potential alteration-related lahar inundation maps using the LAHARZ GIS code for Iztaccíhuatl, Mexico, and Mount Hood and Mount Shasta in the United States that illustrate areas likely to be affected based on DEM-derived volume estimates of hydrothermally altered rocks and the ~2x uncertainty factor inherent within a statistically-based lahar model; and (6) saved all image and vector data for 3D and 2D display in Google Earth™, ArcGIS® and other graphics display programs. In addition, these data are available from the ASTER Volcano Archive (AVA) for distribution (available at http://ava.jpl.nasa.gov/recent_alteration_zones.php).
\nUsing the GVP and the LandScan™ digital population dataset, 350 of the most densely populated stratovolcanoes were assessed for study. Of the 350 volcanoes, 250 volcanoes were not mapped due to excessive snow, ice, and (or) vegetation. Results from mapping the remaining 100 stratovolcanoes show that 87 contain slopes with hydrothermal alteration, and 49 have hydrothermally altered rocks on steep slopes situated above areas with populations >100 people per km2. Of these, 17 stratovolcanoes exhibit laterally extensive hydrothermal alteration on slopes >35° and cover an area >0.25 km2, which may pose a significant possibility of generating debris flows.
\nThis study was undertaken during 2012–2013 in cooperation with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Since completion of this study, a new lahar modeling program (LAHAR_pz) has been released, which may produce slightly different modeling results from the LAHARZ model used in this study. The maps and data from this study should not be used in place of existing volcano hazard maps published by local authorities. For volcanoes without hazard maps and (or) published lahar-related hazard studies, this work will provide a starting point from which more accurate hazard maps can be produced. This is the first dataset to provide digital maps of altered volcanoes and adjacent watersheds that can be used for assessing volcanic hazards, hydrothermal alteration, and other volcanic processes in future studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155035","usgsCitation":"Mars, J., Hubbard, B.E., Pieri, D., and Linick, J., 2015, Alteration, slope-classified alteration, and potential lahar inundation maps of volcanoes for the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Volcano Archive: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5035, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155035.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054579","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305571,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155035.gif"},{"id":305570,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5035/pdf/sir2015-5035.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":305557,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5035/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7eef3e4b0bc0bec09ee12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mars, John C. jmars@usgs.gov","contributorId":127493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mars","given":"John C.","email":"jmars@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubbard, Bernard E. 0000-0002-9315-2032 bhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2032","contributorId":2342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Bernard","email":"bhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pieri, David","contributorId":139492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pieri","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":7023,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Linick, Justin","contributorId":139493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Linick","given":"Justin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7023,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70115013,"text":"70115013 - 2015 - Primative components, crustal assimilation, and magmatic degassing of the 2008 Kilauea summit eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-16T16:11:12","indexId":"70115013","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-02T14:09:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Primative components, crustal assimilation, and magmatic degassing of the 2008 Kilauea summit eruption","docAbstract":"Simultaneous summit and rift zone eruptions at Kīlauea starting in 2008 reflect a shallow eruptive plumbing system inundated by a bourgeoning supply of new magma from depth. Olivine-hosted melt inclusions, host glass, and bulk lava compositions of magma erupted at both the summit and east rift zone demonstrate chemical continuity at both ends of a well-worn summit-to-rift pipeline. Analysis of glass within dense-cored lapilli erupted from the summit in March – August 2008 show these are not samplings of compositionally distinct magmas stored in the shallow summit magma reservoir, but instead result from remelting and assimilation of fragments from conduit wall and vent blocks. Summit pyroclasts show the predominant and most primitive component erupted to be a homogenous, relatively trace-element-depleted melt that is a compositionally indistinguishable from east rift lava. Based on a “top-down” model for the geochemical variation in east rift zone lava over the past 30 years, we suggest that the apparent absence of a 1982 enriched component in melt inclusions, as well as the proposed summit-rift zone connectivity based on sulfur and mineral chemistry, indicate that the last of the pre-1983 magma has been flushed out of the summit reservoir during the surge of mantle-derived magma from 2003-2007.
","largerWorkTitle":"Hawaiian volcanoes, from source to surface","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","usgsCitation":"Rowe, M.C., Thornber, C.R., and Orr, T., 2015, Primative components, crustal assimilation, and magmatic degassing of the 2008 Kilauea summit eruption, chap. of Hawaiian volcanoes, from source to surface, p. 439-457.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"439","endPage":"457","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057405","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311401,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.2756118774414,\n 19.43162918399349\n ],\n [\n -155.25157928466797,\n 19.425153718960157\n ],\n [\n -155.23990631103513,\n 19.413821034154534\n ],\n [\n -155.2639389038086,\n 19.40443049681278\n ],\n [\n -155.2910614013672,\n 19.399896939902558\n ],\n [\n -155.29483795166016,\n 19.409935360334085\n ],\n [\n -155.28350830078125,\n 19.427743935948932\n ],\n [\n -155.2756118774414,\n 19.43162918399349\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c57e4b0ebfbef0d3179","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowe, Michael C.","contributorId":79191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thornber, Carl R. cthornber@usgs.gov","contributorId":2016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thornber","given":"Carl","email":"cthornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orr, Tim R. torr@usgs.gov","contributorId":3766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Tim R.","email":"torr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148031,"text":"ofr20151099 - 2015 - Shear Wave Velocity and Site Amplification Factors for 25 Strong-Motion Instrument Stations Affected by the M5.8 Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake of August 23, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T10:54:57","indexId":"ofr20151099","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1099","title":"Shear Wave Velocity and Site Amplification Factors for 25 Strong-Motion Instrument Stations Affected by the M5.8 Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake of August 23, 2011","docAbstract":"Vertical one-dimensional shear wave velocity (Vs) profiles are presented for 25 strong-motion instrument sites along the Mid-Atlantic eastern seaboard, Piedmont region, and Appalachian region, which surround the epicenter of the M5.8 Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake of August 23, 2011. Testing was performed at sites in Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, the District of Columbia, North Carolina, and Tennessee. The purpose of the study is to determine the detailed site velocity profile, the average velocity in the upper 30 meters of the profile (VS,30), the average velocity for the entire profile (VS,Z), and the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) site classification. The Vs profiles are estimated using a non-invasive continuous-sine-wave method for gathering the dispersion characteristics of surface waves. A large trailer-mounted active source was used to shake the ground during the testing and produce the surface waves. Shear wave velocity profiles were inverted from the averaged dispersion curves using three independent methods for comparison, and the root-mean square combined coefficient of variation (COV) of the dispersion and inversion calculations are estimated for each site.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151099","usgsCitation":"Kayen, R.E., Carkin, B., Corbett, S.C., Zangwill, A., Estevez, I., and Lai, L., 2015, Shear Wave Velocity and Site Amplification Factors for 25 Strong-Motion Instrument Stations Affected by the M5.8 Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake of August 23, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1099, iii, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151099.","productDescription":"iii, 66 p.","numberOfPages":"69","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-12-08","temporalEnd":"2012-06-27","ipdsId":"IP-061815","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305496,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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scorbett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3277-1021","contributorId":5436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corbett","given":"Skye","email":"scorbett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zangwill, Aliza","contributorId":145425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zangwill","given":"Aliza","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Estevez, Ivan","contributorId":145426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Estevez","given":"Ivan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of 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Alaska-Aleutian arc: A Holocene stratigraphic record from Chirikof Island, Alaska","docAbstract":"Despite the role of the Alaska-Aleutian megathrust as the source of some of the largest earthquakes and tsunamis, the history of its pre–twentieth century tsunamis is largely unknown west of the rupture zone of the great (magnitude, M 9.2) 1964 earthquake. Stratigraphy in core transects at two boggy lowland sites on Chirikof Island’s southwest coast preserves tsunami deposits dating from the postglacial to the twentieth century. In a 500-m-long basin 13–15 m above sea level and 400 m from the sea, 4 of 10 sandy to silty beds in a 3–5-m-thick sequence of freshwater peat were probably deposited by tsunamis. The freshwater peat sequence beneath a gently sloping alluvial fan 2 km to the east, 5–15 m above sea level and 550 m from the sea, contains 20 sandy to silty beds deposited since 3.5 ka; at least 13 were probably deposited by tsunamis. Although most of the sandy beds have consistent thicknesses (over distances of 10–265 m), sharp lower contacts, good sorting, and/or upward fining typical of tsunami deposits, the beds contain abundant freshwater diatoms, very few brackish-water diatoms, and no marine diatoms. Apparently, tsunamis traveling inland over low dunes and boggy lowland entrained largely freshwater diatoms. Abundant fragmented diatoms, and lake species in some sandy beds not found in host peat, were probably transported by tsunamis to elevations of >10 m at the eastern site. Single-aliquot regeneration optically stimulated luminescence dating of the third youngest bed is consistent with its having been deposited by the tsunami recorded at Russian hunting outposts in 1788, and with the second youngest bed being deposited by a tsunami during an upper plate earthquake in 1880. We infer from stratigraphy, 14C-dated peat deposition rates, and unpublished analyses of the island’s history that the 1938 tsunami may locally have reached an elevation of >10 m. As this is the first record of Aleutian tsunamis extending throughout the Holocene, we cannot estimate source earthquake locations or magnitudes for most tsunami-deposited beds. We infer that no more than 3 of the 23 possible tsunamis beds at both sites were deposited following upper plate faulting or submarine landslides independent of megathrust earthquakes. If so, the Semidi segment of the Alaska-Aleutian megathrust near Chirikof Island probably sent high tsunamis southward every 180–270 yr for at least the past 3500 yr.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/GES01108.1","usgsCitation":"Nelson, A.R., Briggs, R.W., Dura, T., Engelhart, S.E., Gelfenbaum, G., Bradley, L., Forman, S., Vane, C.H., and Kelley, K., 2015, Tsunami recurrence in the eastern Alaska-Aleutian arc: A Holocene stratigraphic record from Chirikof Island, Alaska: Geosphere, v. 11, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01108.1.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"1203","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062596","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01108.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":310053,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chirikof Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.61721801757812,\n 55.93304863776238\n ],\n [\n -155.55130004882812,\n 55.92150795277898\n ],\n [\n -155.51834106445312,\n 55.88763544617004\n ],\n [\n -155.5059814453125,\n 55.839855780238864\n ],\n [\n -155.50323486328125,\n 55.80205284218845\n ],\n [\n -155.54031372070312,\n 55.75725902476458\n ],\n [\n -155.59661865234375,\n 55.71550813595296\n ],\n [\n -155.70098876953122,\n 55.71164005362048\n ],\n [\n -155.8026123046875,\n 55.74334702389655\n ],\n [\n -155.830078125,\n 55.811314100800935\n ],\n [\n -155.8026123046875,\n 55.85912884568613\n ],\n [\n -155.7586669921875,\n 55.90149595623592\n ],\n [\n -155.6996154785156,\n 55.933817894564726\n ],\n [\n -155.61721801757812,\n 55.93304863776238\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"4","edition":"1172","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56261497e4b0fb9a11dd7662","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":139002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dura, Tina","contributorId":48482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dura","given":"Tina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy","contributorId":79844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bradley, Lee-Ann bradley@usgs.gov","contributorId":139003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Lee-Ann","email":"bradley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Forman, S.L.","contributorId":38597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forman","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vane, Christopher H.","contributorId":88255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vane","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kelley, K.A.","contributorId":139004,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelley","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70193232,"text":"70193232 - 2015 - Statistical analysis of soil geochemical data to identify pathfinders associated with mineral deposits: An example from the Coles Hill uranium deposit, Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-31T16:53:41.817888","indexId":"70193232","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Statistical analysis of soil geochemical data to identify pathfinders associated with mineral deposits: An example from the Coles Hill uranium deposit, Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"Soil geochemical anomalies can be used to identify pathfinders in exploration for ore deposits. In this study, compositional data analysis is used with multivariate statistical methods to analyse soil geochemical data collected from the Coles Hill uranium deposit, Virginia, USA, to identify pathfinders associated with this deposit. Elemental compositions and relationships were compared between the collected Coles Hill soil and reference soil samples extracted from a regional subset of a national-scale geochemical survey. Results show that pathfinders for the Coles Hill deposit include light rare earth elements (La and Ce), which, when normalised by their Al content, are correlated with U/Al, and elevated Th/Al values, which are not correlated with U/Al, supporting decoupling of U from Th during soil generation. These results can be used in genetic and weathering models of the Coles Hill deposit, and can also be applied to future prospecting for similar U deposits in the eastern United States, and in regions with similar geological/climatic conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2014.12.012","usgsCitation":"Levitan, D.M., Zipper, C.E., Donovan, P., Schreiber, M.E., Seal, R.R., Engle, M.A., Chermak, J.A., Bodnar, R.J., Johnson, D.K., and Aylor, J.G., 2015, Statistical analysis of soil geochemical data to identify pathfinders associated with mineral deposits: An example from the Coles Hill uranium deposit, Virginia, USA: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 154, p. 238-251, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2014.12.012.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"238","endPage":"251","ipdsId":"IP-056717","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349148,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Coles Hill uranium deposit","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.3333,\n 36.9\n ],\n [\n -79.3333,\n 36.85\n ],\n [\n -79.2667,\n 36.85\n ],\n [\n -79.2667,\n 36.9\n ],\n [\n -79.3333,\n 36.9\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"154","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fe80e4b06e28e9c25307","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levitan, Denise M.","contributorId":199138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levitan","given":"Denise","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zipper, Carl E.","contributorId":198104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zipper","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donovan, Patricia","contributorId":199139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donovan","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schreiber, Madeline E.","contributorId":138959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schreiber","given":"Madeline","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12594,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seal, Robert R. 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":193011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"Robert","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":250,"text":"Eastern Water Science Field Team","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chermak, John A.","contributorId":199140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chermak","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bodnar, Robert J.","contributorId":199141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bodnar","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Johnson, Daniel K.","contributorId":200614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Aylor, Joseph G. Jr.","contributorId":199142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aylor","given":"Joseph","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70187424,"text":"70187424 - 2015 - Early Holocene Great Salt Lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-02T14:51:22","indexId":"70187424","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early Holocene Great Salt Lake","docAbstract":"Shorelines and surficial deposits (including buried forest-floor mats and organic-rich wetland sediments) show that Great Salt Lake did not rise higher than modern lake levels during the earliest Holocene (11.5–10.2 cal ka BP; 10–9 14C ka BP). During that period, finely laminated, organic-rich muds (sapropel) containing brine-shrimp cysts and pellets and interbedded sodium-sulfate salts were deposited on the lake floor. Sapropel deposition was probably caused by stratification of the water column — a freshwater cap possibly was formed by groundwater, which had been stored in upland aquifers during the immediately preceding late-Pleistocene deep-lake cycle (Lake Bonneville), and was actively discharging on the basin floor. A climate characterized by low precipitation and runoff, combined with local areas of groundwater discharge in piedmont settings, could explain the apparent conflict between evidence for a shallow lake (a dry climate) and previously published interpretations for a moist climate in the Great Salt Lake basin of the eastern Great Basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2015.05.001","usgsCitation":"Oviatt, C., Madsen, D.B., Miller, D., Thompson, R.S., and McGeehin, J.P., 2015, Early Holocene Great Salt Lake: Quaternary Research, v. 84, no. 1, p. 57-68, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2015.05.001.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"68","ipdsId":"IP-064151","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.20037841796875,\n 40.60978237983301\n ],\n [\n -111.8023681640625,\n 40.60978237983301\n ],\n [\n -111.8023681640625,\n 41.73033005046653\n ],\n [\n -113.20037841796875,\n 41.73033005046653\n ],\n [\n -113.20037841796875,\n 40.60978237983301\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59099aafe4b0fc4e449157f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oviatt, Charles G.","contributorId":13503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oviatt","given":"Charles G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madsen, David B.","contributorId":191727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madsen","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, Robert S. 0000-0001-9287-2954 rthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-2954","contributorId":891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Robert","email":"rthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGeehin, John P. 0000-0002-5320-6091 mcgeehin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5320-6091","contributorId":130967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"John","email":"mcgeehin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155921,"text":"70155921 - 2015 - Tectonic and sedimentary linkages between the Belt-Purcell basin and southwestern Laurentia during the Mesoproterozoic ca. 1.60-1.40 Ga","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-19T19:20:17","indexId":"70155921","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2626,"text":"Lithosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic and sedimentary linkages between the Belt-Purcell basin and southwestern Laurentia during the Mesoproterozoic ca. 1.60-1.40 Ga","docAbstract":"Mesoproterozoic sedimentary basins in western North America provide key constraints on pre-Rodinia craton positions and interactions along the western rifted margin of Laurentia. One such basin, the Belt-Purcell basin, extends from southern Idaho into southern British Columbia and contains a >18-km-thick succession of siliciclastic sediment deposited ca. 1.47–1.40 Ga. The ca. 1.47–1.45 Ga lower part of the succession contains abundant distinctive non-Laurentian 1.61–1.50 Ga detrital zircon populations derived from exotic cratonic sources. Contemporaneous metasedimentary successions in the southwestern United States–the Trampas and Yankee Joe basins in Arizona and New Mexico–also contain abundant 1.61–1.50 Ga detrital zircons. Similarities in depositional age and distinctive non-Laurentian detrital zircon populations suggest that both the Belt-Purcell and southwestern successions record sedimentary and tectonic linkages between western Laurentia and one or more cratons including North Australia, South Australia, and (or) East Antarctica. At ca. 1.45 Ga, both the Belt-Purcell and southwest successions underwent major sedimentological changes, with a pronounced shift to Laurentian provenance and the disappearance of the 1.61–1.50 Ga detrital zircon. Upper Belt-Purcell strata contain strongly unimodal ca. 1.73 Ga detrital zircon age populations that match the detrital zircon signature of Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks of the Yavapai province to the south and southeast. We propose that the shift at ca. 1.45 Ga records the onset of orogenesis in southern Laurentia coeval with rifting along its northwestern margin. Bedrock uplift associated with orogenesis and widespread, coeval magmatism caused extensive exhumation and erosion of the Yavapai province ca. 1.45–1.36 Ga, providing a voluminous and areally extensive sediment source–with suitable zircon ages–during upper Belt deposition. This model provides a comprehensive and integrated view of the Mesoproterozoic tectonic evolution of western Laurentia and its position within the supercontinent Columbia as it evolved into Rodinia.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/L438.1","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.V., Dainel, C.G., and Doe, M., 2015, Tectonic and sedimentary linkages between the Belt-Purcell basin and southwestern Laurentia during the Mesoproterozoic ca. 1.60-1.40 Ga: Lithosphere, v. 7, no. 4, p. 465-472, https://doi.org/10.1130/L438.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"465","endPage":"472","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058162","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/l438.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfbde4b08400b1fe143f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, James V. III 0000-0002-6602-5935 jvjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-5935","contributorId":201245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jvjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dainel, Christohper G","contributorId":146260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dainel","given":"Christohper","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[{"id":16651,"text":"Bucknell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doe, Michael F","contributorId":146261,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doe","given":"Michael F","affiliations":[{"id":16652,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70150464,"text":"70150464 - 2015 - Methods used to parameterize the spatially-explicit components of a state-and-transition simulation model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T09:36:02","indexId":"70150464","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3893,"text":"AIMS Environmental Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methods used to parameterize the spatially-explicit components of a state-and-transition simulation model","docAbstract":"Spatially-explicit state-and-transition simulation models of land use and land cover (LULC) increase our ability to assess regional landscape characteristics and associated carbon dynamics across multiple scenarios. By characterizing appropriate spatial attributes such as forest age and land-use distribution, a state-and-transition model can more effectively simulate the pattern and spread of LULC changes. This manuscript describes the methods and input parameters of the Land Use and Carbon Scenario Simulator (LUCAS), a customized state-and-transition simulation model utilized to assess the relative impacts of LULC on carbon stocks for the conterminous U.S. The methods and input parameters are spatially explicit and describe initial conditions (strata, state classes and forest age), spatial multipliers, and carbon stock density. Initial conditions were derived from harmonization of multi-temporal data characterizing changes in land use as well as land cover. Harmonization combines numerous national-level datasets through a cell-based data fusion process to generate maps of primary LULC categories. Forest age was parameterized using data from the North American Carbon Program and spatially-explicit maps showing the locations of past disturbances (i.e. wildfire and harvest). Spatial multipliers were developed to spatially constrain the location of future LULC transitions. Based on distance-decay theory, maps were generated to guide the placement of changes related to forest harvest, agricultural intensification/extensification, and urbanization. We analyze the spatially-explicit input parameters with a sensitivity analysis, by showing how LUCAS responds to variations in the model input. This manuscript uses Mediterranean California as a regional subset to highlight local to regional aspects of land change, which demonstrates the utility of LUCAS at many scales and applications.
","language":"English","publisher":"AIMS Press","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2015.3.668","usgsCitation":"Sleeter, R., Acevedo, W., Soulard, C.E., and Sleeter, B.M., 2015, Methods used to parameterize the spatially-explicit components of a state-and-transition simulation model: AIMS Environmental Science, v. 2, no. 3, p. 668-693, https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.3.668.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"668","endPage":"693","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064560","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.3.668","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308154,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92c3e4b05d6c4e501aab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sleeter, Rachel 0000-0003-3477-0436 rsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3477-0436","contributorId":666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Rachel","email":"rsleeter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Acevedo, William wacevedo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acevedo","given":"William","email":"wacevedo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Soulard, Christopher E. 0000-0002-5777-9516 csoulard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-9516","contributorId":2642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"Christopher","email":"csoulard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70150316,"text":"70150316 - 2015 - Evaluating the relationship between biomass, percent groundcover and remote sensing indices across six winter cover crop fields in Maryland, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T13:17:52","indexId":"70150316","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2027,"text":"International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the relationship between biomass, percent groundcover and remote sensing indices across six winter cover crop fields in Maryland, United States","docAbstract":"Winter cover crops are an essential part of managing nutrient and sediment losses from agricultural lands. Cover crops lessen sedimentation by reducing erosion, and the accumulation of nitrogen in aboveground biomass results in reduced nutrient runoff. Winter cover crops are planted in the fall and are usually terminated in early spring, making them susceptible to senescence, frost burn, and leaf yellowing due to wintertime conditions. This study sought to determine to what extent remote sensing indices are capable of accurately estimating the percent groundcover and biomass of winter cover crops, and to analyze under what critical ranges these relationships are strong and under which conditions they break down. Cover crop growth on six fields planted to barley, rye, ryegrass, triticale or wheat was measured over the 2012–2013 winter growing season. Data collection included spectral reflectance measurements, aboveground biomass, and percent groundcover. Ten vegetation indices were evaluated using surface reflectance data from a 16-band CROPSCAN sensor. Restricting analysis to sampling dates before the onset of prolonged freezing temperatures and leaf yellowing resulted in increased estimation accuracy. There was a strong relationship between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and percent groundcover (r2 = 0.93) suggesting that date restrictions effectively eliminate yellowing vegetation from analysis. The triangular vegetation index (TVI) was most accurate in estimating high ranges of biomass (r2 = 0.86), while NDVI did not experience a clustering of values in the low and medium biomass ranges but saturated in the higher range (>1500 kg/ha). The results of this study show that accounting for index saturation, senescence, and frost burn on leaves can greatly increase the accuracy of estimates of percent groundcover and biomass for winter cover crops.
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Three soil samples were collected, if possible, from each site; (1) a sample from a depth of 0 to 5 cm, (2) a composite of the soil A-horizon, and (3) a deeper sample from the soil C-horizon or, if the top of the C-horizon was at a depth greater than 100 cm, from a depth of approximately 80–100 cm. The < 2 mm fraction of each sample was analysed for a suite of 45 major and trace elements following near-total multi-acid digestion. The major mineralogical components in samples from the soil A- and C-horizons were determined by a quantitative X-ray diffraction method using Rietveld refinement. Sampling ended in 2010 and chemical and mineralogical analyses were completed in May 2013. Maps of the conterminous United States showing predicted element and mineral concentrations were interpolated from actual soil data for each soil sample type by an inverse distance weighted (IDW) technique using ArcGIS software. Regional- and national-scale map patterns for selected elements and minerals apparent in interpolated maps are described here in the context of soil-forming factors and possible human inputs. These patterns can be related to (1) soil parent materials, for example, in the distribution of quartz, (2) climate impacts, for example, in the distribution of feldspar and kaolinite, (3) soil age, for example, in the distribution of carbonate in young glacial deposits, and (4) possible anthropogenic loading of phosphorus (P) and lead (Pb) to surface soil. This new geochemical and mineralogical data set for the conterminous United States represents a major step forward from prior national-scale soil geochemistry data and provides a robust soil data framework for the United States now and into the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2015.01.006","usgsCitation":"Woodruff, L.G., Cannon, W.F., Smith, D.B., and Solano, F., 2015, The distribution of selected elements and minerals in soil of the conterminous United States: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 154, p. 49-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2015.01.006.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"60","ipdsId":"IP-054587","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346320,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"154","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59d35029e4b05fe04cc34d6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodruff, Laurel G. 0000-0002-2514-9923 woodruff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-9923","contributorId":2224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodruff","given":"Laurel","email":"woodruff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannon, William F. 0000-0002-2699-8118 wcannon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":1883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"William","email":"wcannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, David B. 0000-0001-8396-9105 dsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-9105","contributorId":138565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"dsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Solano, Federico 0000-0002-0308-5850 fsolanoc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0308-5850","contributorId":4302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solano","given":"Federico","email":"fsolanoc@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70154753,"text":"sim3315 - 2015 - Geologic map of the Simcoe Mountains Volcanic Field, main central segment, Yakama Nation, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-23T16:24:50","indexId":"sim3315","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-30T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3315","title":"Geologic map of the Simcoe Mountains Volcanic Field, main central segment, Yakama Nation, Washington","docAbstract":"Mountainous parts of the Yakama Nation lands in south-central Washington are mostly covered by basaltic lava flows and cinder cones that make up the Simcoe Mountains volcanic field. The accompanying geologic map of the central part of the volcanic field has been produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) on behalf of the Water Resources Program of the Yakama Nation. The volcanic terrain stretches continuously from Mount Adams eastward as far as Satus Pass and Mill Creek Guard Station. Most of the many hills and buttes are volcanic cones where cinders and spatter piled up around erupting vents while lava flows spread downslope. All of these small volcanoes are now extinct, and, even during their active lifetimes, most of them erupted for no more than a few years. On the Yakama Nation lands, the only large long-lived volcano capable of erupting again in the future is Mount Adams, on the western boundary.
\nThe geologic map presented here extends, east-west, from Satus Creek to the Klickitat River and, north-south, from Signal Peak to Indian Rock. In various colors, the map shows the areas covered by about 223 different eruptive units, mostly lava flows and cinder cones, while stars mark vents where many of them erupted. Shown in plain gray, the basement beneath the Simcoe Mountains volcanic field is the Columbia River Basalt Group, regional “flood basalts” of enormous volume and extent that erupted far to the east and long before the Simcoe volcanics.
\nAlthough the number of past eruptions is large, few were great explosions that fed towering eruption plumes or spread ash over huge areas downwind. Most were localized basaltic lava fountains (like some in Hawaii) where showers of molten fragments reached heights of a few hundred feet. Most of them also poured out tongues of lava that were channelled along stream valleys for a few miles downstream or, occasionally, as far as 10 miles. Because the basalt so common here is one of the most fluid kinds of lava, it tends to flow farther and faster than most other types of lava before it cools and solidifies.
\nLava compositions other than various types of basalt are uncommon here. Andesite is abundant on and around Mount Adams but is very rare east of the Klickitat River. The only important nonbasaltic composition in the map area is rhyolite, which crops out in several patches around the central highland of the volcanic field, mainly in the upper canyons of Satus and Kusshi Creeks and Wilson Charley canyon. Because the rhyolites were some of the earliest lavas erupted here, they are widely concealed by later basalts and therefore crop out only in local windows eroded by canyons that cut through the overlying basalts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3315","usgsCitation":"Hildreth, W., and Fierstein, J., 2015, Geologic map of the Simcoe Mountains Volcanic Field, main central segment, Yakama Nation, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3315, Pamphlet: ii, 76 p.; 3 Sheets: 55.61 x 54.63 inches or smaller; Appendix A, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3315.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: ii, 76 p.; 3 Sheets: 55.61 x 54.63 inches or smaller; Appendix A","numberOfPages":"78","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-035925","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305485,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3315.gif"},{"id":305481,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3315/pdf/sim3315_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"4.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 1"},{"id":305479,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3315/"},{"id":305482,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3315/pdf/sim3315_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","size":"4.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 2"},{"id":305484,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3315/downloads/sim3315_appendixA.xlsx","text":"Appendix A","size":"624 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Appendix A","linkHelpText":"Chemical data for Simcoe Mountains volcanic field, main central segment."},{"id":305483,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3315/pdf/sim3315_sheet3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","size":"7.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 3"},{"id":305480,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3315/pdf/sim3315_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"6.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Pamphlet"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Simcoe Mountains Volcanic Field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.90179443359375,\n 45.79242458189578\n ],\n [\n -120.90179443359375,\n 46.2501492379416\n ],\n [\n -120.3277587890625,\n 46.2501492379416\n ],\n [\n -120.3277587890625,\n 45.79242458189578\n ],\n [\n -120.90179443359375,\n 45.79242458189578\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5593afaae4b0b6d21dd68222","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildreth, Wes 0000-0002-7925-4251 hildreth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":2221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"Wes","email":"hildreth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":563995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fierstein, Judy jfierstn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fierstein","given":"Judy","email":"jfierstn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":563996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70188820,"text":"70188820 - 2015 - Geochemical reanalysis of historical U.S. Geological Survey sediment samples from the Inmachuk, Kugruk, Kiwalik, and Koyuk River drainages, Granite Mountain, and the northern Darby Mountains, Bendeleben, Candle, Kotzebue, and Solomon quadrangles, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T13:33:22","indexId":"70188820","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Geochemical reanalysis of historical U.S. Geological Survey sediment samples from the Inmachuk, Kugruk, Kiwalik, and Koyuk River drainages, Granite Mountain, and the northern Darby Mountains, Bendeleben, Candle, Kotzebue, and Solomon quadrangles, Alaska","docAbstract":"The State of Alaska’s Strategic and Critical Minerals (SCM) Assessment project, a State-funded Capital Improvement Project (CIP), is designed to evaluate Alaska’s statewide potential for SCM resources. The SCM Assessment is being implemented by the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS), and involves obtaining new airborne-geophysical, geological, and geochemical data. As part of the SCM Assessment, thousands of historical geochemical samples from DGGS, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and U.S. Bureau of Mines archives are being reanalyzed by DGGS using modern, quantitative, geochemical-analytical methods. The objective is to update the statewide geochemical database to more clearly identify areas in Alaska with SCM potential.
The USGS is also undertaking SCM-related geologic studies in Alaska through the federally funded Alaska Critical Minerals cooperative project. DGGS and USGS share the goal of evaluating Alaska’s strategic and critical minerals potential and together created a Letter of Agreement (signed December 2012) and a supplementary Technical Assistance Agreement (#14CMTAA143458) to facilitate the two agencies’ cooperative work. Under these agreements, DGGS contracted the USGS in Denver to reanalyze historical USGS sediment samples from Alaska.
For this report, DGGS funded reanalysis of 653 historical USGS sediment samples from the statewide Alaska Geochemical Database Version 2.0 (AGDB2; Granitto and others, 2013). Samples were chosen from an area covering portions of the Inmachuk, Kugruk, Kiwalik, and Koyuk river drainages, Granite Mountain, and the northern Darby Mountains, located in the Bendeleben, Candle, Kotzebue, and Solomon quadrangles of eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska (fig. 1). The USGS was responsible for sample retrieval from the National Geochemical Sample Archive (NGSA) in Denver, Colorado through the final quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) of the geochemical analyses obtained through the USGS contract lab. The new geochemical data are published in this report as a coauthored DGGS report, and will be incorporated into the statewide geochemical databases of both agencies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys","doi":"10.14509/29448","collaboration":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys; Melanie B. Werdon, lead author","usgsCitation":"Werdon, M.B., Granitto, M., and Azain, J.S., 2015, Geochemical reanalysis of historical U.S. Geological Survey sediment samples from the Inmachuk, Kugruk, Kiwalik, and Koyuk River drainages, Granite Mountain, and the northern Darby Mountains, Bendeleben, Candle, Kotzebue, and Solomon quadrangles, Alaska, 5 p. , https://doi.org/10.14509/29448.","productDescription":"5 p. 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During 2014, water levels in the ESRP aquifer reached all-time lows for the period of record, prompting this study to assess the effect that future water-level declines may have on pumps and wells. Water-level data were compared with pump-setting depth to determine the hydraulic head above the current pump setting. Additionally, geophysical logs were examined to address changes in well productivity with water-level declines. Furthermore, hydrologic factors that affect water levels in different areas of the INL were evaluated to help understand why water-level changes occur.
\nReview of pump intake placement and 2014 water-level data indicates that 40 wells completed within the ESRP aquifer at the INL have 20 feet (ft) or less of head above the pump. Nine of the these wells are located in the northeastern and northwestern areas of the INL where recharge is predominantly affected by irrigation, wet and dry cycles of precipitation, and flow in the Big Lost River. Water levels in northeastern and northwestern wells generally show water-level fluctuations of as much as 4.5 ft seasonally and show declines as much as 25 ft during the past 14 years.
\nIn the southeastern area of the INL, seven wells were identified as having less than 20 ft of water remaining above the pump. Most of the wells in the southeast show less decline over the period of record compared with wells in the northeast; the smaller declines are probably attributable to less groundwater withdrawal from pumping of wells for irrigation. In addition, most of the southeastern wells show only about a 1–2 ft fluctuation seasonally because they are less influenced by groundwater withdrawals for irrigation.
\nIn the southwestern area of the INL, 24 wells were identified as having less than 20 ft of water remaining above the pump. Wells in the southwest also only show small 1–2 ft fluctuations seasonally because of a lack of irrigation influence. Wells show larger fluctuation in water levels closer to the Big Lost River and fluctuate in response to wet and dry cycles of recharge to the Big Lost River.
\nGeophysical logs indicate that most of the wells evaluated will maintain their current production until the water level declines to the depth of the pump. A few of the wells may become less productive once the water level gets to within about 5 ft from the top of the pump. Wells most susceptible to future drought cycles are those in the northeastern and northwestern areas of the INL.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155085","collaboration":"U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Bartholomay, R.C., and Twining, B.V., 2015, Hydrologic influences on water-level changes in the Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer at and near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 1949-2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5085, Report: v, 37 p.; 1 Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155085.","productDescription":"Report: v, 37 p.; 1 Appendix","numberOfPages":"47","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-060008","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":303220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155085.jpg"},{"id":303174,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5085/"},{"id":303175,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5085/pdf/sir2015-5085.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":303176,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5085/pdf/sir2015-5085_appendixa.pdf","text":"Appendix A","size":"1.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix A"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 43.08092540794885\n ],\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 43.97700467496408\n ],\n [\n -111.97265625,\n 43.97700467496408\n ],\n [\n -111.97265625,\n 43.08092540794885\n ],\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 43.08092540794885\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558e69abe4b0b6d21dd658fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomay, Roy C. 0000-0002-4809-9287 rcbarth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-9287","contributorId":1131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"Roy","email":"rcbarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Twining, Brian V. 0000-0003-1321-4721 btwining@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-4721","contributorId":2387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twining","given":"Brian","email":"btwining@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70173907,"text":"70173907 - 2015 - An empirical evaluation of landscape energetic models: Mallard and American black duck space use during the non-breeding period","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-15T11:16:51","indexId":"70173907","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An empirical evaluation of landscape energetic models: Mallard and American black duck space use during the non-breeding period","docAbstract":"Bird conservation Joint Ventures are collaborative partnerships between public agencies and private organizations that facilitate habitat management to support waterfowl and other bird populations. A subset of Joint Ventures has developed energetic carrying capacity models (ECCs) to translate regional waterfowl population goals into habitat objectives during the non-breeding period. Energetic carrying capacity models consider food biomass, metabolism, and available habitat to estimate waterfowl carrying capacity within an area. To evaluate Joint Venture ECCs in the context of waterfowl space use, we monitored 33 female mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and 55 female American black ducks (A. rubripes) using global positioning system satellite telemetry in the central and eastern United States. To quantify space use, we measured first-passage time (FPT: time required for an individual to transit across a circle of a given radius) at biologically relevant spatial scales for mallards (3.46 km) and American black ducks (2.30 km) during the non-breeding period, which included autumn migration, winter, and spring migration. We developed a series of models to predict FPT using Joint Venture ECCs and compared them to a biological null model that quantified habitat composition and a statistical null model, which included intercept and random terms. Energetic carrying capacity models predicted mallard space use more efficiently during autumn and spring migrations, but the statistical null was the top model for winter. For American black ducks, ECCs did not improve predictions of space use; the biological null was top ranked for winter and the statistical null was top ranked for spring migration. Thus, ECCs provided limited insight into predicting waterfowl space use during the non-breeding season. Refined estimates of spatial and temporal variation in food abundance, habitat conditions, and anthropogenic disturbance will likely improve ECCs and benefit conservation planners in linking non-breeding waterfowl habitat objectives with distribution and population parameters. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
","language":"English","publisher":"Washington Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.920","usgsCitation":"Beatty, W.S., Webb, E.B., Kesler, D.C., Naylor, L.W., Raedeke, A.H., Humburg, D.D., Coluccy, J.M., and Soulliere, G., 2015, An empirical evaluation of landscape energetic models: Mallard and American black duck space use during the non-breeding period: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 7, p. 1141-1151, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.920.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1141","endPage":"1151","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058474","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323669,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Arkansas, Delaware, Louisiana, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Saskatchewan, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.251953125,\n 31.914867503276223\n ],\n [\n -94.39453125,\n 36.20882309283712\n ],\n [\n -107.0068359375,\n 49.95121990866206\n ],\n [\n -84.55078125,\n 44.653024159812\n ],\n [\n -80.9912109375,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -74.091796875,\n 44.84029065139799\n ],\n [\n -75.5419921875,\n 38.92522904714054\n ],\n [\n -77.95898437499999,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -93.251953125,\n 31.914867503276223\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57627c2de4b07657d19a69c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beatty, William S. 0000-0003-0013-3113","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0013-3113","contributorId":146301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beatty","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kesler, Dylan C.","contributorId":14358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kesler","given":"Dylan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6769,"text":"University of Missouri, Columbia, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Naylor, Luke W.","contributorId":145840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naylor","given":"Luke","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Raedeke, Andrew H.","contributorId":94083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raedeke","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Humburg, Dale D.","contributorId":79357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Humburg","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13073,"text":"Ducks Unlimited, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Coluccy, John M.","contributorId":111382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coluccy","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Soulliere, G.","contributorId":31107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulliere","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70159797,"text":"70159797 - 2015 - Detection of snake fungal disease due to Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola in Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T15:06:26","indexId":"70159797","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detection of snake fungal disease due to Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola in Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"Snake fungal disease (SFD) is an emerging disease of wildlife believed to be caused by Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola. Although geographic and host ranges have yet to be determined, this disease is characterized by crusty scales, superficial pustules, and subcutaneous nodules, with subsequent morbidity and mortality in some snake species. To confirm the presence of SFD and O. ophiodiicola in snakes of eastern Virginia, USA, we clinically examined 30 free-ranging snakes on public lands from April to October 2014. Skin biopsy samples were collected from nine snakes that had gross lesions suggestive of SFD; seven of these biopsies were suitable for histologic interpretation, and eight were suitable for culture and PCR detection of O. ophiodiicola. Seven snakes had histologic features consistent with SFD and were positive for O. ophiodiicola by PCR or fungal culture.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2015-04-093.1","usgsCitation":"Guthrie, A.L., Knowles, S., Ballmann, A., and Lorch, J.M., 2015, Detection of snake fungal disease due to Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola in Virginia, USA: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 52, no. 1, p. 143-149, https://doi.org/10.7589/2015-04-093.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"149","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064847","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311660,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.13456726074219,\n 36.910372213522535\n ],\n [\n -76.13182067871094,\n 36.84226271217676\n ],\n [\n -75.97869873046874,\n 36.852702785393014\n ],\n [\n -75.99929809570312,\n 36.92629228365366\n ],\n [\n -76.0645294189453,\n 36.91641125204138\n ],\n [\n -76.11740112304688,\n 36.91147025609033\n ],\n [\n -76.12907409667969,\n 36.915313280602795\n ],\n [\n -76.13456726074219,\n 36.910372213522535\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.94024658203124,\n 36.71026542647845\n ],\n [\n -75.92445373535155,\n 36.662360301266546\n ],\n [\n -75.90248107910156,\n 36.558187766360675\n ],\n [\n -75.86265563964844,\n 36.559842397523944\n ],\n [\n -75.92445373535155,\n 36.71026542647845\n ],\n [\n -75.92857360839844,\n 36.71301768775457\n ],\n [\n -75.94024658203124,\n 36.71026542647845\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.30828857421875,\n 36.90103821354626\n ],\n [\n -76.17851257324219,\n 36.90103821354626\n ],\n [\n -76.1627197265625,\n 36.76584198280488\n ],\n [\n -76.27532958984374,\n 36.767492156196745\n ],\n [\n -76.30966186523438,\n 36.89170307169378\n ],\n [\n -76.30828857421875,\n 36.90103821354626\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446bde4b071e7ea53d4a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guthrie, Amanda L.","contributorId":70271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guthrie","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knowles, Susan 0000-0002-0254-6491 sknowles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0254-6491","contributorId":5254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"Susan","email":"sknowles@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ballmann, Anne 0000-0002-0380-056X aballmann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0380-056X","contributorId":140319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballmann","given":"Anne","email":"aballmann@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lorch, Jeffrey M. 0000-0003-2239-1252 jlorch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-1252","contributorId":5565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorch","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlorch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148397,"text":"sim3331 - 2015 - Geologic map of the Orchard 7.5' quadrangle, Morgan County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-28T12:25:56","indexId":"sim3331","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-22T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3331","title":"Geologic map of the Orchard 7.5' quadrangle, Morgan County, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Orchard 7.5' quadrangle is located along the South Platte River corridor on the semi-arid plains of eastern Colorado, and contains surficial deposits that record alluvial, eolian, and hillslope processes that have operated through environmental changes from the Pleistocene to the present. The South Platte River, originating high in the Colorado Front Range, has played a major role in shaping the geology of the quadrangle, which is situated downstream of where the last of the major headwater tributaries (St. Vrain, Big Thompson, and Cache la Poudre) join the river. Recurrent glaciation (and deglaciation) of basin headwaters affected river discharge and sediment supply far downstream, influencing alluvium deposition and terrace formation in the Orchard quadrangle. Kiowa and Bijou Creeks, unglaciated tributaries originating east of the Front Range also have played a major role by periodically delivering large volumes of sediment to the river during flood events, which may have temporarily dammed the river. Eolian sand deposits of the Greeley (north of river) and Fort Morgan (south of river) dune fields cover much of the quadrangle and record past episodes of sand mobilization during times of drought. With the onset of irrigation during historic times, the South Platte River has changed from a broad, shallow, and sandy braided river with highly seasonal discharge to a much narrower, deeper river with braided-meandering transition morphology and more uniform discharge. Along this reach, the river has incised into Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale, which, although buried by alluvial deposits in Orchard quadrangle, is locally exposed downstream along the South Platte River bluff near the Bijou Creek confluence, in some of the larger draws, and along Wildcat Creek.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3331","usgsCitation":"Berry, M.E., Slate, J.L., Hanson, P.R., and Brandt, T.R., 2015, Geologic map of the Orchard 7.5' quadrangle, Morgan County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3331, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 54.41 x 34.02 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3331.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 54.41 x 34.02 inches","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-056624","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354903,"rank":7,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3396","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3396 —","linkHelpText":"Geologic map of the Weldona 7.5' quadrangle, Morgan County, Colorado"},{"id":301694,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3331.jpg"},{"id":301629,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3331/pdf/SIM3331_map_geo.pdf","text":"Map Georeferenced","size":"179 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3331 Map_Geo","linkHelpText":"Contains: Georeferenced pdf for users' convenience."},{"id":354902,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3344","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3344 —","linkHelpText":"Geologic map of the Masters 7.5' quadrangle, Weld and Morgan Counties, Colorado"},{"id":301630,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3331/downloads/","text":"Downloads Directory","description":"SIM 3331 Downloads Directory","linkHelpText":"Contains: geospatial database. Refer to the Readme and Metadata files for more information."},{"id":301627,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3331/","text":"Index page"},{"id":301628,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3331/pdf/SIM3331_map.pdf","text":"Map","size":"73.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3331 Map"},{"id":354904,"rank":8,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3408","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3408 —","linkHelpText":"Geologic map of the Fort Morgan 7.5' quadrangle, Morgan County, Colorado"},{"id":363168,"rank":9,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195020","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5020 —","linkHelpText":"Pleistocene and Holocene Landscape Development of the South Platte River Corridor, Northeastern Colorado"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Morgan County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.09423828125,\n 36.96744946416934\n ],\n [\n -109.09423828125,\n 40.99648401437787\n ],\n [\n -102.01904296874999,\n 40.99648401437787\n ],\n [\n -102.01904296874999,\n 36.96744946416934\n ],\n [\n -109.09423828125,\n 36.96744946416934\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558923a0e4b0b6d21dd61a43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, Margaret E. 0000-0002-4113-8212 meberry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4113-8212","contributorId":1544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Margaret","email":"meberry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slate, Janet L. 0000-0002-2870-9068 jslate@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2870-9068","contributorId":252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slate","given":"Janet","email":"jslate@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanson, Paul R.","contributorId":35214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brandt, Theodore R. 0000-0002-7862-9082 tbrandt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7862-9082","contributorId":1267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"Theodore","email":"tbrandt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148593,"text":"70148593 - 2015 - Weathering and transport of chromium and nickel from serpentinite in the Coast Range ophiolite to the Sacramento Valley, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-17T11:06:53","indexId":"70148593","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-17T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Weathering and transport of chromium and nickel from serpentinite in the Coast Range ophiolite to the Sacramento Valley, California, USA","docAbstract":"A soil geochemical study in northern California was done to investigate the role that weathering and transport play in the regional distribution and mobility of geogenic Cr and Ni, which are both potentially toxic and carcinogenic. These elements are enriched in ultramafic rocks (primarily serpentinite) and the soils derived from them (1700–10,000 mg Cr per kg soil and 1300–3900 mg Ni per kg soil) in the Coast Range ophiolite. Chromium and Ni have been transported eastward from the Coast Range into the western Sacramento Valley and as a result, valley soil is enriched in Cr (80–1420 mg kg−1) and Ni (65–224 mg kg−1) compared to median values of U.S. soils of 50 and 15 mg kg−1, respectively. Nickel in ultramafic source rocks and soils is present in serpentine minerals (lizardite, antigorite, and chrysotile) and is more easily weathered compared to Cr, which primarily resides in highly refractory chromite ([Mg,Fe2+][Cr3+,Al,Fe3+]2O4). Although the majority of Cr and Ni in soils are in refractory chromite and serpentine minerals, the etching and dissolution of these minerals, presence of Cr- and Ni-enriched clay minerals and development of nanocrystalline Fe (hydr)oxides is evidence that a significant fractions of these elements have been transferred to potentially more labile phases.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.05.018","usgsCitation":"Morrison, J.M., Goldhaber, M.B., Mills, C., Breit, G.N., Hooper, R.L., Holloway, J.M., Diehl, S.F., and Ranville, J.F., 2015, Weathering and transport of chromium and nickel from serpentinite in the Coast Range ophiolite to the Sacramento Valley, California, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 62, p. 72-86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.05.018.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"86","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033273","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301274,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.48657226562499,\n 37.68382032669382\n ],\n [\n -119.5751953125,\n 38.71980474264239\n ],\n [\n -119.981689453125,\n 38.93377552819722\n ],\n [\n -120.0146484375,\n 39.64799732373418\n ],\n [\n -123.71704101562499,\n 38.882481197550774\n ],\n [\n -122.48657226562499,\n 37.68382032669382\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55828c25e4b023124e8f3fb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrison, Jean M. 0000-0002-6614-8783 jmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6614-8783","contributorId":994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Jean","email":"jmorrison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldhaber, Martin B. 0000-0002-1785-4243 mgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":1339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Martin","email":"mgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mills, Christopher T. cmills@usgs.gov","contributorId":141191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"Christopher T.","email":"cmills@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science 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F.","contributorId":141192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ranville","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13709,"text":"Colorrado School of Mines, Golden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70148016,"text":"ofr20151098 - 2015 - California State Waters Map Series — Offshore of Salt Point, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T20:29:14.829189","indexId":"ofr20151098","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-17T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1098","title":"California State Waters Map Series — Offshore of Salt Point, California","docAbstract":"In 2007, the California Ocean Protection Council initiated the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP), designed to create a comprehensive seafloor map of high-resolution bathymetry, marine benthic habitats, and geology within the 3-nautical-mile limit of California’s State Waters. The CSMP approach is to create highly detailed seafloor maps through collection, integration, interpretation, and visualization of swath sonar data, acoustic backscatter, seafloor video, seafloor photography, high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom-sediment sampling data. The map products display seafloor morphology and character, identify potential marine benthic habitats, and illustrate both the surficial seafloor geology and shallow (to about 100 m) subsurface geology.
\nThe Offshore of Salt Point map area is located in northern California, about 110 km north of San Francisco and 50 km south of Point Arena. The map area includes three California Marine Protected Areas: the southern portion of the Stewarts Point State Marine Reserve, the Salt Point State Marine Conservation Area, and the Gerstle Cove State Marine Reserve. The coast and shoreline are rugged and scenic, characterized by rocky promontories, steep bluffs capped by bare to forested marine terraces, kelp-rich coves, and nearshore rocks and pinnacles. The largely undeveloped onshore part of the map area is used primarily for grazing and recreation. U.S. Highway 1 extends along the coast through the map area, passing through Salt Point State Park, Kruse Rhododendron State Natural Reserve, and Stillwater Cove Regional Park. Sandy beaches are uncommon, present only in relatively protected coves.
\nThe seafloor in the map area extends from the shoreline to water depths of about 90 to 100 m. The nearshore to inner shelf area (to water depths of about 50 to 60 m) typically dips seaward about 1.0° to 1.5° and is underlain by bedrock and sand-sized to coarser grained sediment. The midshelf, underlain predominantly by muddy sediments, slopes more gently (less than 0.5°). Surficial and shallow sediments were deposited in the last about 21,000 years during the approximately 125-m sea-level rise that followed the last major lowstand associated with the Last Glacial Maximum, at which time the entire Offshore of Salt Point map area was emergent and the shoreline was about 20 km west of the present-day shoreline.
\nTectonic influences that impact the shelf morphology and geology in the map area are related to local faulting, folding, uplift, and subsidence. The onshore part of the map area is cut by the northwest-striking San Andreas Fault—the right-lateral transform boundary between the North American and Pacific tectonic plates with an estimated slip rate of about 17 to 25 mm/yr in this area. The region between Fort Ross and Point Arena, west of the San Andreas Fault, is the known as the “Gualala Block” on the basis of its distinctive geology. The Gualala Block consists of a thick, discontinuous Upper Cretaceous to Miocene stratigraphic section, however, only the submarine fan deposits of the Paleocene and Eocene German Rancho Formation are exposed along the coast in the Offshore of Salt Point map area. The German Rancho Formation also forms all of the rugged seafloor bedrock outcrops in the map area. The western boundary of the Gualala Block lies 3 to 5 km offshore, perhaps at the shore-parallel Gualala Fault. High-resolution seismic-reflection data reveal shallow folding and faulting in inferred upper Pleistocene strata along the Gualala Fault trend, suggesting this structure is now or has been recently active. The last ground rupture in the map area occurred during the devastating great 1906 California earthquake (M7.8, 4/18/1906), thought to have nucleated on the San Andreas Fault about 100 kilometers to the south offshore of San Francisco.
\nCirculation over the continental shelf in the map area is dominated by the southward-flowing California Current, the eastern limb of the North Pacific Gyre. Associated upwelling brings cool, nutrient-rich waters to the surface, resulting in high biological productivity. The current flow generally is southeastward during the spring and summer; however, during the fall and winter, the otherwise persistent northwest winds are sometimes weak or absent, causing the California Current to move farther offshore and the Davidson Current, a weaker, northward-flowing countercurrent, to become active.
\nThroughout the year, this part of the central California coast is exposed to four wave climate regimes: the north Pacific swell, the southern swell, northwest wind waves, and local wind waves. The north Pacific swell dominates in winter months, with wave heights at offshore buoys ranging from 2 to 10 m and wave periods ranging from 10 to 25 s. During summer months, the largest waves come from the southern swell, generated by storms in the south Pacific and offshore Central America. Characteristically, these swells have smaller wave heights (0.3 to 3 m) and similarly long periods (range 10 to 25 s). Northwest wind waves affect the coast throughout the year, while local wind waves are most common from October to April. These two wind-wave regimes typically have wave heights of 1 to 4 m and short periods (3 to 10 s).
\nPotential marine benthic habitats in the Offshore of Salt Point map area include unconsolidated continental shelf sediments, mixed continental shelf substrate, and hard continental shelf substrate. Rocky-shelf outcrops and rubble are considered to be promising potential habitats for rockfish and lingcod, both of which are recreationally and commercially important species.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151098","usgsCitation":"Johnson, S.Y., Dartnell, P., Golden, N., Hartwell, S., Erdey, M.D., Greene, H., Cochrane, G.R., Kvitek, R.G., Manson, M., Endris, C.A., Dieter, B.E., Watt, J., Krigsman, L.M., Sliter, R.W., Lowe, E.N., and Chinn, J.L., 2015, California State Waters Map Series — Offshore of Salt Point, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1098, Pamphlet: iv, 37 p.; 10 Sheets: 52 x 36 inches or smaller; Metadata, Data Catalog, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151098.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 37 p.; 10 Sheets: 52 x 36 inches or smaller; Metadata, Data Catalog","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-057589","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301257,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151098.jpg"},{"id":399001,"rank":16,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_102031.htm"},{"id":301255,"rank":11,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1098/pdf/ofr20151098_sheet9.pdf","text":"Sheet 9","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 9","linkHelpText":"Local (Offshore of Salt Point Map Area) and Regional (Offshore from Salt Point to Drakes Bay) Shallow-Subsurface Geology and Structure, California By Samuel Y. Johnson, Stephen R. Hartwell, and Janet T. Watt (45.5\" x 36\", 6.8 MB)"},{"id":301256,"rank":12,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1098/pdf/ofr20151098_sheet10.pdf","text":"Sheet 10","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 10","linkHelpText":"Offshore and Onshore Geology and Geomorphology, Offshore of Salt Point Map Area, California By Stephen R. Hartwell, Samuel Y. Johnson, and Michael W. Manson (47\" x 36\", 12.8 MB)"},{"id":301261,"rank":14,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreSaltPoint/data_catalog_OffshoreSaltPoint.html","text":"Data Catalog - Offshore Salt Point and Vicinity, California","description":"Data Catalog - Offshore Salt Point and Vicinity, California","linkHelpText":"Each GIS data file is listed with a brief description, a small image, and links to the metadata files and the downloadable data files."},{"id":301249,"rank":5,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1098/pdf/ofr20151098_sheet3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 3","linkHelpText":"Acoustic Backscatter, Offshore of Salt Point Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell, Mercedes D. Erdey, and Rikk G. Kvitek (39\" x 36\", 19.4 MB)"},{"id":301253,"rank":9,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1098/pdf/ofr20151098_sheet7.pdf","text":"Sheet 7","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 7","linkHelpText":"Potential Marine Benthic Habitats, Offshore of Salt Point Map Area, California By Charles A. Endris, H. Gary Greene, Bryan E. Dieter, Mercedes D. Erdey, and Erik N. Lowe (46\" x 36\", 6.2 MB)"},{"id":301254,"rank":10,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1098/pdf/ofr20151098_sheet8.pdf","text":"Sheet 8","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 8","linkHelpText":"Seismic-Reflection Profiles, Offshore of Salt Point Map Area, California By Samuel Y. Johnson, Ray W. Sliter, Stephen R. Hartwell, and John L. Chin (52\" x 36\", 21.1 MB)"},{"id":301250,"rank":6,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1098/pdf/ofr20151098_sheet4.pdf","text":"Sheet 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 4","linkHelpText":"Data Integration and Visualization, Offshore of Salt Point Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell (46\" x 36\", 12.8 MB)"},{"id":301251,"rank":7,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1098/pdf/ofr20151098_sheet5.pdf","text":"Sheet 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 5","linkHelpText":"Seafloor Character, Offshore of Salt Point Map Area, California By Mercedes D. Erdey and Guy R. 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