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The objective of this report is to provide basic technical information regarding the CO2-EOR process, which is at the core of the assessment methodology, to estimate the technically recoverable oil within the fields of the identified sedimentary basins of the United States. Emphasis is on CO2-EOR because this is currently one technology being considered as an ultimate long-term geologic storage solution for CO2 owing to its economic profitability from incremental oil production offsetting the cost of carbon sequestration.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151071","usgsCitation":"Verma, M., 2015, Fundamentals of carbon dioxide-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR): a supporting document of the assessment methodology for hydrocarbon recovery using CO2-EOR associated with carbon sequestration: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1071, v, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151071.","productDescription":"v, 19 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058212","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300883,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151071.jpg"},{"id":300879,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1071/"},{"id":300882,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1071/pdf/ofr2015-1071.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.86 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55682e21e4b0d9246a9f60e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verma, Mahendra K. mverma@usgs.gov","contributorId":1027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verma","given":"Mahendra K.","email":"mverma@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70103075,"text":"70103075 - 2015 - Age, growth rates, and paleoclimate studies of deep sea corals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-26T09:29:06","indexId":"70103075","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-28T10:34:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Age, growth rates, and paleoclimate studies of deep sea corals","docAbstract":"

Deep-water corals are some of the slowest growing, longest-lived skeletal accreting marine organisms. These habitat-forming species support diverse faunal assemblages that include commercially and ecologically important organisms. Therefore, effective management and conservation strategies for deep-sea corals can be informed by precise and accurate age, growth rate, and lifespan characteristics for proper assessment of vulnerability and recovery from perturbations. This is especially true for the small number of commercially valuable, and potentially endangered, species that are part of the black and precious coral fisheries (Tsounis et al. 2010). In addition to evaluating time scales of recovery from disturbance or exploitation, accurate age and growth estimates are essential for understanding the life history and ecology of these habitat-forming corals. Given that longevity is a key factor for population maintenance and fishery sustainability, partly due to limited and complex genetic flow among coral populations separated by great distances, accurate age structure for these deep-sea coral communities is essential for proper, long-term resource management.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The state of deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems of the United States: 2015","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"NOAA","usgsCitation":"Prouty, N.G., Roark, E., Andrews, A., Robinson, L., Hill, T., Sherwood, O., Williams, B., Guilderson, T.P., and Fallon, S., 2015, Age, growth rates, and paleoclimate studies of deep sea corals, 22 p.","productDescription":"22 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044131","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314863,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://deepseacoraldata.noaa.gov/library/2015-state-of-dsc-report-folder/Ch10_Spotlight_Prouty.pdf"},{"id":314864,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.coris.noaa.gov/activities/deepsea_coral_2015/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a8a6bee4b0b28f1184dbdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prouty, Nancy G","contributorId":119449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roark, E. Brendan","contributorId":25464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roark","given":"E. Brendan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrews, Allen","contributorId":152569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andrews","given":"Allen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robinson, Laura","contributorId":152570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hill, Tessa","contributorId":152293,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Tessa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18898,"text":"University of California, Davis Bodega Marine Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sherwood, Owen","contributorId":152571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Owen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Williams, Branwen","contributorId":152572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Branwen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Guilderson, Thomas P.","contributorId":59121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guilderson","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fallon, Stewart 0000-0002-8064-5903","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8064-5903","contributorId":152573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fallon","given":"Stewart","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70148348,"text":"ofr20151038 - 2015 - Development of conceptual ecological models linking management of the Missouri River to pallid sturgeon population dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-28T10:23:39","indexId":"ofr20151038","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-28T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1038","title":"Development of conceptual ecological models linking management of the Missouri River to pallid sturgeon population dynamics","docAbstract":"

This report documents the process of developing and refining conceptual ecological models (CEMs) for linking river management to pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) population dynamics in the Missouri River. The refined CEMs are being used in the Missouri River Pallid Sturgeon Effects Analysis to organize, document, and formalize an understanding of pallid sturgeon population responses to past and future management alternatives. The general form of the CEMs, represented by a population-level model and component life-stage models, was determined in workshops held in the summer of 2013. Subsequently, the Missouri River Pallid Sturgeon Effects Analysis team designed a general hierarchical structure for the component models, refined the graphical structure, and reconciled variation among the components and between models developed for the upper river (Upper Missouri & Yellowstone Rivers) and the lower river (Missouri River downstream from Gavins Point Dam). Importance scores attributed to the relations between primary biotic characteristics and survival were used to define a candidate set of working dominant hypotheses about pallid sturgeon population dynamics. These CEMs are intended to guide research and adaptive-management actions to benefit pallid sturgeon populations in the Missouri River.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151038","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Missouri River Recovery Program","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., Parsley, M.J., Annis, M.L., Colvin, M., Welker, T.L., and James, D.A., 2015, Development of conceptual ecological models linking management of the Missouri River to pallid sturgeon population dynamics: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1038, vi, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151038.","productDescription":"vi, 47 p.","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056927","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research 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In managing fish populations, especially at-risk species, realistic mathematical models are needed to help predict population response to potential management actions in the context of environmental conditions and changing climate while effectively incorporating the stochastic nature of real world conditions. We provide a key component of such a model for the endangered pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) in the form of an individual-based bioenergetics model influenced not only by temperature but also by flow. This component is based on modification of a known individual-based bioenergetics model through incorporation of: the observed ontogenetic shift in pallid sturgeon diet from marcroinvertebrates to fish; the energetic costs of swimming under flowing-water conditions; and stochasticity. We provide an assessment of how differences in environmental conditions could potentially alter pallid sturgeon growth estimates, using observed temperature and velocity from channelized portions of the Lower Missouri River mainstem. We do this using separate relationships between the proportion of maximum consumption and fork length and swimming cost standard error estimates for fish captured above and below the Kansas River in the Lower Missouri River. Critical to our matching observed growth in the field with predicted growth based on observed environmental conditions was a two-step shift in diet from macroinvertebrates to fish.

","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/SP408.10","usgsCitation":"Wildhaber, M.L., Dey, R., Wikle, C.K., Moran, E.H., Anderson, C.J., and Franz, K.J., 2015, A stochastic bioenergetics model based approach to translating large river flow and temperature in to fish population responses: The pallid sturgeon example: Geological Society of London Special Publications, v. 408, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP408.10.","productDescription":"18 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-043433","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ge_at_pubs/289","text":"External Repository"},{"id":332114,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States ","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.02197265625,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -91.99951171875,\n 39.67337039176558\n ],\n [\n -92.8125,\n 40.97989806962013\n ],\n [\n -93.88916015625,\n 41.5579215778042\n ],\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 42.17968819665961\n ],\n [\n -94.98779296875,\n 43.004647127794435\n ],\n [\n -95.77880859375,\n 44.18220395771566\n ],\n [\n -96.61376953125,\n 44.98034238084973\n ],\n [\n -98.50341796875,\n 46.240651955001695\n ],\n [\n -99.16259765625,\n 47.264320080254805\n ],\n [\n -100.107421875,\n 47.88688085106901\n ],\n [\n -101.66748046874999,\n 48.1367666796927\n ],\n [\n -104.04052734375,\n 48.821332549646634\n ],\n [\n -105.6884765625,\n 49.42526716083716\n ],\n [\n -109.248046875,\n 49.51094351526262\n ],\n [\n -111.15966796875,\n 50.02185841773444\n ],\n [\n -113.3349609375,\n 49.32512199104001\n ],\n [\n -115.26855468749999,\n 49.167338606291075\n ],\n [\n -114.76318359375,\n 47.42808726171425\n ],\n [\n -113.99414062499999,\n 45.96642454131025\n ],\n [\n -109.31396484375,\n 43.35713822211053\n ],\n [\n -106.80908203125,\n 41.27780646738183\n ],\n [\n -105.908203125,\n 39.85915479295669\n ],\n [\n -105.5126953125,\n 38.95940879245423\n ],\n [\n -104.150390625,\n 38.58252615935333\n ],\n [\n -97.646484375,\n 37.89219554724437\n ],\n [\n -93.97705078125,\n 37.75334401310656\n ],\n [\n -92.52685546875,\n 37.405073750176925\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 37.94419750075404\n ],\n [\n -90.1318359375,\n 38.58252615935333\n ],\n [\n -90.02197265625,\n 38.788345355085625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"408","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585268e3e4b0e2663625ec8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wildhaber, Mark L. 0000-0002-6538-9083 mwildhaber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-9083","contributorId":1386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildhaber","given":"Mark","email":"mwildhaber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dey, Rima","contributorId":81210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dey","given":"Rima","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wikle, Christopher K.","contributorId":116632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wikle","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":577835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moran, Edward H. emoran@usgs.gov","contributorId":5445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Edward","email":"emoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Christopher J.","contributorId":11516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Franz, Kristie J.","contributorId":36061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franz","given":"Kristie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70148021,"text":"ofr20151096 - 2015 - Literature review of the potential effects of hydrogen peroxide on nitrogen oxidation efficiency of the biofilters of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) for freshwater finfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T16:09:30","indexId":"ofr20151096","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1096","title":"Literature review of the potential effects of hydrogen peroxide on nitrogen oxidation efficiency of the biofilters of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) for freshwater finfish","docAbstract":"

A comprehensive literature review was done for the effects of hydrogen peroxide (HP) on biofilter function in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) using these databases: ISI/Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Pubmed. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed as the literature review was conducted. The initial search produced 5,748 potential citations. Once the literature search was complete, these 5,748 titles were screened for applicable papers using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. If the title contained any of the inclusion terms, it was retained. Titles of the remaining papers were then screened for exclusion terms. If the title contained one or more of the exclusion terms, it was eliminated from further consideration. This refined search produced 1,405 papers.

\n

After the initial screening, the remaining 1,405 papers underwent a second screening. Titles and abstracts (when available) were again read to verify that the topic of the paper was related to RAS. During the second screening, a second person verified that the papers proposed for elimination were not related to RAS. A combined reference list of the 512 remaining papers was created and submitted to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center (UMESC) librarian in order to obtain the actual papers; electronic copies of those citations were obtained and reviewed. The UMESC librarian also received weekly updates from Scopus (a bibliographic database containing abstracts and citations for academic journal articles) using the search terms. Any resulting papers from those updates were screened using the inclusion criteria and relevant papers were requested. From those, 86 were cited in the literature review. An additional 11 papers from other search methods (e.g., mining references lists) also were obtained.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151096","usgsCitation":"Fredricks, K., 2015, Literature review of the potential effects of hydrogen peroxide on nitrogen oxidation efficiency of the biofilters of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) for freshwater finfish: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1096, vii, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151096.","productDescription":"vii, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061724","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300873,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151096.jpg"},{"id":300871,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov//of/2015/1096/pdf/ofr2015-1096.pdf","text":"Report","size":"266 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300872,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1097","text":"Open-File Report 2015-1097","description":"Open-File Report 2015-1097","linkHelpText":"Companion Report - Literature Review of the Potential Effects of Formalin on Nitrogen Oxidation Efficiency of the Biofilters of Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) for Freshwater Finfish"},{"id":300870,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov//of/2015/1096/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dcb0e4b0d9246a9ec295","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fredricks, Kim T. 0000-0003-2363-7891 kfredricks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2363-7891","contributorId":5163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredricks","given":"Kim T.","email":"kfredricks@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70148022,"text":"ofr20151097 - 2015 - Literature review of the potential effects of formalin on nitrogen oxidation efficiency of the biofilters of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) for freshwater finfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-28T09:10:33","indexId":"ofr20151097","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1097","title":"Literature review of the potential effects of formalin on nitrogen oxidation efficiency of the biofilters of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) for freshwater finfish","docAbstract":"

A comprehensive literature review was done for the effects of formalin on biofilter function in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) using these databases: ISI/Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Pubmed. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed as the literature review was conducted. The initial search produced 5,682 potential citations. Once the literature search was complete, these 5,682 titles were screened for applicable papers using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. If the title contained any of the inclusion terms, it was retained. Titles of the remaining papers were then screened for exclusion terms. If the title contained one or more of the exclusion terms, it was eliminated from further consideration. This refined search produced 1,287 papers.

\n

After the initial screening, the remaining 1,287 papers underwent a second screening. Titles and abstracts (when available) were again read to verify that the topic of the paper was related to RAS. During the second screening, a second person verified that the papers proposed for elimination were not related to RAS. A combined reference list of the 443 remaining papers was created and submitted to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center (UMESC) librarian to obtain the actual papers; electronic copies of those citations were obtained and reviewed. The UMESC librarian also would receive weekly updates from Scopus (a bibliographic database containing abstracts and citations for academic journal articles) using the search terms. Any resulting papers from those updates also were screened using the inclusion criteria, and any relevant papers were requested. From those, 82 were cited in the literature review. An additional 10 references were obtained from weekly updates or reference mining other sources and were incorporated into the final literature review.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151097","usgsCitation":"Fredricks, K., 2015, Literature review of the potential effects of formalin on nitrogen oxidation efficiency of the biofilters of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) for freshwater finfish: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1097, vii, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151097.","productDescription":"vii, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061726","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300877,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151097.jpg"},{"id":300874,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1097/"},{"id":300875,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1097/pdf/ofr2015-1097.pdf","text":"Report","size":"405 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300876,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1096","text":"Open-File Report 2015-1096","description":"Open-File Report 2015-1096","linkHelpText":"Companion Report - Literature Review of the Potential Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Nitrogen Oxidation Efficiency of the Biofilters of Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) for Freshwater Finfish"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dcafe4b0d9246a9ec293","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fredricks, Kim T. 0000-0003-2363-7891 kfredricks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2363-7891","contributorId":5163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredricks","given":"Kim T.","email":"kfredricks@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70148146,"text":"70148146 - 2015 - Fall spawning of Atlantic sturgeon in the Roanoke River, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T13:31:55","indexId":"70148146","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fall spawning of Atlantic sturgeon in the Roanoke River, North Carolina","docAbstract":"

In 2012, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) declared Atlantic Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus to be threatened or endangered throughout its range in U.S. waters. Restoration of the subspecies will require much new information, particularly on the location and timing of spawning. We used a combination of acoustic telemetry and sampling with anchored artificial substrates (spawning pads) to detect fall (September–November) spawning in the Roanoke River in North Carolina. This population is included in the Carolina Distinct Population Segment, which was classified by NOAA as endangered. Sampling was done immediately below the first shoals encountered by anadromous fishes, near Weldon. Our collection of 38 eggs during the 21 d that spawning pads were deployed appears to be the first such collection (spring or fall) for wild-spawned Atlantic Sturgeon eggs. Based on egg development stages, estimated spawning dates were September 17–18 and 18–19 at water temperatures from 25.3°C to 24.3°C and river discharge from 55 to 297 m3/s. These observations about fall spawning and habitat use should aid in protecting critical habitats and planning research on Atlantic Sturgeon spawning in other rivers.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2014.965344","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.A., Hightower, J.E., and Flowers, H.J., 2015, Fall spawning of Atlantic sturgeon in the Roanoke River, North Carolina: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 144, no. 1, p. 48-54, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.965344.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"54","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055820","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300862,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Roanoke River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.59171485900879,\n 36.4214896403675\n ],\n [\n -77.59171485900879,\n 36.42967346850678\n ],\n [\n -77.57493495941162,\n 36.42967346850678\n ],\n [\n -77.57493495941162,\n 36.4214896403675\n ],\n [\n -77.59171485900879,\n 36.4214896403675\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"144","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dca4e4b0d9246a9ec289","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Joseph A.","contributorId":140973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hightower, Joseph E. jhightower@usgs.gov","contributorId":835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"Joseph","email":"jhightower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flowers, H. Jared","contributorId":140974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flowers","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jared","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148342,"text":"70148342 - 2015 - Sea level, paleogeography, and archeology on California's Northern Channel Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T11:24:40","indexId":"70148342","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea level, paleogeography, and archeology on California's Northern Channel Islands","docAbstract":"

Sea-level rise during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene inundated nearshore areas in many parts of the world, producing drastic changes in local ecosystems and obscuring significant portions of the archeological record. Although global forces are at play, the effects of sea-level rise are highly localized due to variability in glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) effects. Interpretations of coastal paleoecology and archeology require reliable estimates of ancient shorelines that account for GIA effects. Here we build on previous models for California's Northern Channel Islands, producing more accurate late Pleistocene and Holocene paleogeographic reconstructions adjusted for regional GIA variability. This region has contributed significantly to our understanding of early New World coastal foragers. Sea level that was about 80–85 m lower than present at the time of the first known human occupation brought about a landscape and ecology substantially different than today. During the late Pleistocene, large tracts of coastal lowlands were exposed, while a colder, wetter climate and fluctuating marine conditions interacted with rapidly evolving littoral environments. At the close of the Pleistocene and start of the Holocene, people in coastal California faced shrinking land, intertidal, and subtidal zones, with important implications for resource availability and distribution.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2015.01.002","usgsCitation":"Reeder-Myers, L., Erlandson, J.M., Muhs, D.R., and Rick, T.C., 2015, Sea level, paleogeography, and archeology on California's Northern Channel Islands: Quaternary Research, v. 83, p. 263-272, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2015.01.002.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"272","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059132","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Northern Channel Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.08056640625,\n 33.84532650276791\n ],\n [\n -119.9652099609375,\n 33.831638461142866\n ],\n [\n -119.9212646484375,\n 33.84760762988741\n ],\n [\n -119.90203857421875,\n 33.87725673930016\n ],\n [\n -119.91302490234374,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -119.91577148437499,\n 33.96158628979907\n ],\n [\n -119.84710693359375,\n 33.929687627576605\n ],\n [\n -119.718017578125,\n 33.897777013859475\n ],\n [\n -119.55871582031251,\n 33.93652406150093\n ],\n [\n -119.49005126953124,\n 33.970697997361626\n ],\n [\n -119.344482421875,\n 33.97753113740941\n ],\n [\n -119.30877685546876,\n 34.01168859910852\n ],\n [\n -119.3609619140625,\n 34.057210513510306\n ],\n [\n -119.454345703125,\n 34.091335914867344\n ],\n [\n -119.66308593749999,\n 34.11180455556899\n ],\n [\n -119.77294921874999,\n 34.11407854333859\n ],\n [\n -119.92675781249999,\n 34.129994745824746\n ],\n [\n -119.97619628906249,\n 34.116352469972746\n ],\n [\n -120.02288818359374,\n 34.11180455556899\n ],\n [\n -120.10253906249999,\n 34.11180455556899\n ],\n [\n -120.13549804687501,\n 34.125447565116126\n ],\n [\n -120.22613525390624,\n 34.125447565116126\n ],\n [\n -120.2783203125,\n 34.13226824445654\n ],\n [\n -120.3277587890625,\n 34.14818102254435\n ],\n [\n -120.3717041015625,\n 34.15499986715356\n ],\n [\n -120.37994384765624,\n 34.13226824445654\n ],\n [\n -120.421142578125,\n 34.13226824445654\n ],\n [\n -120.48980712890624,\n 34.14136162745489\n ],\n [\n -120.52276611328124,\n 34.120900139826965\n ],\n [\n -120.56671142578124,\n 34.125447565116126\n ],\n [\n -120.56945800781249,\n 34.10043369975712\n ],\n [\n -120.5419921875,\n 34.064036693555465\n ],\n [\n -120.5145263671875,\n 34.01396527491264\n ],\n [\n -120.46783447265625,\n 33.99347299511967\n ],\n [\n -120.41015624999999,\n 33.97525348507592\n ],\n [\n -120.33325195312499,\n 33.96386430820156\n ],\n [\n -120.32501220703125,\n 33.945638452963024\n ],\n [\n -120.28930664062499,\n 33.92740869431181\n ],\n [\n -120.20416259765625,\n 33.89093747081252\n ],\n [\n -120.08056640625,\n 33.84532650276791\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"83","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dcb2e4b0d9246a9ec299","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reeder-Myers, Leslie","contributorId":127483,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reeder-Myers","given":"Leslie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6997,"text":"Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History (NMNH)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erlandson, Jon M.","contributorId":68114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erlandson","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7025,"text":"Museum of Natural and Cultural History, University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":140288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rick, Torben C.","contributorId":127440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rick","given":"Torben","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6997,"text":"Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History (NMNH)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148271,"text":"70148271 - 2015 - Depositional conditions for the Kuna Formation, Red Dog Zn-PB-Ag-Barite District, Alaska, inferred from isotopic and chemical proxies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T11:29:28","indexId":"70148271","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depositional conditions for the Kuna Formation, Red Dog Zn-PB-Ag-Barite District, Alaska, inferred from isotopic and chemical proxies","docAbstract":"

Water column redox conditions, degree of restriction of the depositional basin, and other paleoenvironmental parameters have been determined for the Mississippian Kuna Formation of northwestern Alaska from stratigraphic profiles of Mo, Fe/Al, and S isotopes in pyrite, C isotopes in organic matter, and N isotopes in bulk rock. This unit is important because it hosts the Red Dog and Anarraaq Zn-Pb-Ag ± barite deposits, which together constitute one of the largest zinc resources in the world. The isotopic and chemical proxies record a deep basin environment that became isolated from the open ocean, became increasingly reducing, and ultimately became euxinic. The basin was ventilated briefly and then became isolated again just prior to its demise as a discrete depocenter with the transition to the overlying Siksikpuk Formation. Ventilation corresponded approximately to the initiation of bedded barite deposition in the district, whereas the demise of the basin corresponded approximately to the formation of the massive sulfide deposits. The changes in basin circulation during deposition of the upper Kuna Formation may have had multiple immediate causes, but the underlying driver was probably extensional tectonic activity that also facilitated fluid flow beneath the basin floor. Although the formation of sediment-hosted sulfide deposits is generally favored by highly reducing conditions, the Zn-Pb deposits of the Red Dog district are not found in the major euxinic facies of the Kuna basin, nor did they form during the main period of euxinia. Rather, the deposits occur where strata were permeable to migrating fluids and where excess H2S was available beyond what was produced in situ by decomposition of local sedimentary organic matter. The known deposits formed mainly by replacement of calcareous strata that gained H2S from nearby highly carbonaceous beds (Anarraaq deposit) or by fracturing and vein formation in strata that produced excess H2S by reductive dissolution of preexisting barite (Red Dog deposits).

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.110.5.1143","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.A., Dumoulin, J.A., Burruss, R.A., and Slack, J.F., 2015, Depositional conditions for the Kuna Formation, Red Dog Zn-PB-Ag-Barite District, Alaska, inferred from isotopic and chemical proxies: Economic Geology, v. 110, no. 5, p. 1143-1156, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.110.5.1143.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1143","endPage":"1156","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044384","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300846,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kuna Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -166.201171875,\n 68.60852084639889\n ],\n [\n -162.20214843749997,\n 68.57644086491786\n ],\n [\n -162.20214843749997,\n 67.75939813204413\n ],\n [\n -164.443359375,\n 67.7094454829218\n ],\n [\n -165.76171875,\n 68.10610151896537\n ],\n [\n -166.640625,\n 68.31814602144938\n ],\n [\n -166.201171875,\n 68.60852084639889\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dca1e4b0d9246a9ec285","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burruss, Robert A. 0000-0001-6827-804X burruss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-804X","contributorId":558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burruss","given":"Robert","email":"burruss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148340,"text":"70148340 - 2015 - Late Quaternary sea-level history and the antiquity of mammoths (Mammuthus exilis and Mammuthus columbi), Channel Islands NationalPark, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T10:48:48","indexId":"70148340","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Quaternary sea-level history and the antiquity of mammoths (Mammuthus exilis and Mammuthus columbi), Channel Islands NationalPark, California, USA","docAbstract":"

Fossils of Columbian mammoths (Mammuthus columbi) and pygmy mammoths (Mammuthus exilis) have been reported from Channel Islands National Park, California. Most date to the last glacial period (Marine Isotope Stage [MIS] 2), but a tusk of M. exilis (or immature M. columbi) was found in the lowest marine terrace of Santa Rosa Island. Uranium-series dating of corals yielded ages from 83.8 ± 0.6 ka to 78.6 ± 0.5 ka, correlating the terrace with MIS 5.1, a time of relatively high sea level. Mammoths likely immigrated to the islands by swimming during the glacial periods MIS 6 (~ 150 ka) or MIS 8 (~ 250 ka), when sea level was low and the island–mainland distance was minimal, as during MIS 2. Earliest mammoth immigration to the islands likely occurred late enough in the Quaternary that uplift of the islands and the mainland decreased the swimming distance to a range that could be accomplished by mammoths. Results challenge the hypothesis that climate change, vegetation change, and decreased land area from sea-level rise were the causes of mammoth extinction at the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary on the Channel Islands. Pre-MIS 2 mammoth populations would have experienced similar or even more dramatic changes at the MIS 6/5.5 transition.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2015.03.001","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D.R., Simmons, K., Groves, L., McGeehin, J.P., Schumann, R.R., and Agenbroad, L.D., 2015, Late Quaternary sea-level history and the antiquity of mammoths (Mammuthus exilis and Mammuthus columbi), Channel Islands NationalPark, California, USA: Quaternary Research, v. 83, no. 3, p. 502-521, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2015.03.001.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"502","endPage":"521","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062934","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300845,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Channel Islands National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.46646118164062,\n 33.889797493644444\n ],\n [\n -120.46646118164062,\n 34.081099738028236\n ],\n [\n -119.51889038085938,\n 34.081099738028236\n ],\n [\n -119.51889038085938,\n 33.889797493644444\n ],\n [\n -120.46646118164062,\n 33.889797493644444\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"83","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dcade4b0d9246a9ec291","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":140288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simmons, Kathleen R. ksimmons@usgs.gov","contributorId":140955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"Kathleen R.","email":"ksimmons@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Groves, Lindsey T.","contributorId":61678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groves","given":"Lindsey T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGeehin, John P. mcgeehin@usgs.gov","contributorId":140956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"John","email":"mcgeehin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schumann, R. Randall 0000-0001-8158-6960 rschumann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-6960","contributorId":1569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"R.","email":"rschumann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Agenbroad, Larry D.","contributorId":140957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Agenbroad","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13629,"text":"Mammoth Site of Hot Springs, South Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70148294,"text":"70148294 - 2015 - Bacterial dominance in subseafloor sediments characterized by methane hydrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T09:46:42","indexId":"70148294","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1619,"text":"FEMS Microbiology Ecology","onlineIssn":"1574-6941","printIssn":"0168-6496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bacterial dominance in subseafloor sediments characterized by methane hydrates","docAbstract":"

The degradation of organic carbon in subseafloor sediments on continental margins contributes to the largest reservoir of methane on Earth. Sediments in the Andaman Sea are composed of ~ 1% marine-derived organic carbon and biogenic methane is present. Our objective was to determine microbial abundance and diversity in sediments that transition the gas hydrate occurrence zone (GHOZ) in the Andaman Sea. Microscopic cell enumeration revealed that most sediment layers harbored relatively low microbial abundance (103–105 cells cm−3). Archaea were never detected despite the use of both DNA- and lipid-based methods. Statistical analysis of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms revealed distinct microbial communities from above, within, and below the GHOZ, and GHOZ samples were correlated with a decrease in organic carbon. Primer-tagged pyrosequences of bacterial 16S rRNA genes showed that members of the phylum Firmicutes are predominant in all zones. Compared with other seafloor settings that contain biogenic methane, this deep subseafloor habitat has a unique microbial community and the low cell abundance detected can help to refine global subseafloor microbial abundance.

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Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morono, Yuki","contributorId":140944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morono","given":"Yuki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13623,"text":"Geomicrobiology Group, Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Futagami, Taiki","contributorId":140943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Futagami","given":"Taiki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13623,"text":"Geomicrobiology Group, Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huguet, Carme","contributorId":140941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huguet","given":"Carme","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13622,"text":"Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Edifici de Ciencies, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosell-Mele, Antoni","contributorId":140945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosell-Mele","given":"Antoni","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13622,"text":"Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Edifici de Ciencies, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lorenson, T.D. tlorenson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenson","given":"T.D.","email":"tlorenson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Colwell, Frederick S.","contributorId":140946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colwell","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70148304,"text":"70148304 - 2015 - Intersexual allometry differences and ontogenetic shifts of coloration patterns in two aquatic turtles, Graptemys oculifera and Graptemys flavimaculata","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-04T10:27:28","indexId":"70148304","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intersexual allometry differences and ontogenetic shifts of coloration patterns in two aquatic turtles, Graptemys oculifera and Graptemys flavimaculata","docAbstract":"

Coloration can play critical roles in a species' biology. The allometry of color patterns may be useful for elucidating the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for shaping the traits. We measured characteristics relating to eight aspects of color patterns from Graptemys oculifera and G. flavimaculata to investigate the allometric differences among male, female, and unsexed juvenile specimens. Additionally, we investigated ontogenetic shifts by incorporating the unsexed juveniles into the male and female datasets. In general, male color traits were isometric (i.e., color scaled with body size), while females and juvenile color traits were hypoallometric, growing in size more slowly than the increase in body size. When we included unsexed juveniles in our male and female datasets, our linear regression analyses found all relationships to be hypoallometric and our model selection analysis found support for nonlinear models describing the relationship between body size and color patterns, suggestive of an ontogenetic shift in coloration traits for both sexes at maturity. Although color is critical for many species' biology and therefore under strong selective pressure in many other species, our results are likely explained by an epiphenomenon related to the different selection pressures on body size and growth rates between juveniles and adults and less attributable to the evolution of color patterns themselves.

","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Pub. Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1002/ece3.1517","usgsCitation":"Ennen, J., Lindeman, P.V., and Lovich, J.E., 2015, Intersexual allometry differences and ontogenetic shifts of coloration patterns in two aquatic turtles, Graptemys oculifera and Graptemys flavimaculata: Ecology and Evolution, v. 5, no. 11, p. 2296-2305, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1517.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2296","endPage":"2305","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063446","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1517","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dcade4b0d9246a9ec28f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ennen, Joshua R.","contributorId":60368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ennen","given":"Joshua R.","affiliations":[{"id":13216,"text":"Tennessee Aquarium Conservation Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindeman, Peter V.","contributorId":140947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindeman","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":13624,"text":"Edinboro University, Department of Biology and Health Services, 230 Scotland Rd., Edinboro, Pennsylvania 16444, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148308,"text":"70148308 - 2015 - The central uplift of Ritchey crater, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T09:33:15","indexId":"70148308","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The central uplift of Ritchey crater, Mars","docAbstract":"

Ritchey crater is a ∼79 km diameter complex crater near the boundary between Hesperian ridged plains and Noachian highland terrain on Mars (28.8°S, 309.0°E) that formed after the Noachian. High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) images of the central peak reveal fractured massive bedrock and megabreccia with large clasts. Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) spectral analysis reveals low calcium pyroxene (LCP), olivine (OL), hydrated silicates (phyllosilicates) and a possible identification of plagioclase bedrock. We mapped the Ritchey crater central uplift into ten units, with 4 main groups from oldest and originally deepest to youngest: (1) megabreccia with large clasts rich in LCP and OL, and with alteration to phyllosilicates; (2) massive bedrock with bright and dark regions rich in LCP or OL, respectively; (3) LCP and OL-rich impactites draped over the central uplift; and (4) aeolian deposits. We interpret the primitive martian crust as igneous rocks rich in LCP, OL, and probably plagioclase, as previously observed in eastern Valles Marineris. We do not observe high-calcium pyroxene (HCP) rich bedrock as seen in Argyre or western Valles Marineris. The association of phyllosilicates with deep megabreccia could be from impact-induced alteration, either as a result of the Richey impact, or alteration of pre-existing impactites from Argyre basin and other large impacts that preceded the Ritchey impact, or both.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2014.11.001","usgsCitation":"Ding, N., Bray, V.J., McEwen, A.S., Mattson, S.S., Okubo, C.H., Chojnacki, M., and Tornabene, L., 2015, The central uplift of Ritchey crater, Mars: Icarus, v. 252, p. 255-270, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2014.11.001.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"270","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054841","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Ritchey crater, Mars","volume":"252","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dcb3e4b0d9246a9ec29d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ding, Ning","contributorId":140948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ding","given":"Ning","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bray, Veronica J.","contributorId":85487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bray","given":"Veronica","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McEwen, Alfred S.","contributorId":61657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEwen","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mattson, Sarah S.","contributorId":74235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattson","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Okubo, Chris H. 0000-0001-9776-8128 cokubo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9776-8128","contributorId":140482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"Chris","email":"cokubo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chojnacki, Matthew","contributorId":96576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chojnacki","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tornabene, Livio L.","contributorId":11915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tornabene","given":"Livio L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70148334,"text":"70148334 - 2015 - Performance of species occurrence estimators when basic assumptions are not met: a test using field data where true occupancy status is known","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T09:21:26","indexId":"70148334","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Performance of species occurrence estimators when basic assumptions are not met: a test using field data where true occupancy status is known","docAbstract":"
    \n
  1. Populations are rarely censused. Instead, observations are subject to incomplete detection, misclassification and detection heterogeneity that result from human and environmental constraints. Though numerous methods have been developed to deal with observational uncertainty, validation under field conditions is rare because truth is rarely known in these cases.
    2. \n
  2. We present the most comprehensive test of occupancy estimation methods to date, using more than 33 000 auditory call observations collected under standard field conditions and where the true occupancy status of sites was known. Basic occupancy estimation approaches were biased when two key assumptions were not met: that no false positives occur and that no unexplained heterogeneity in detection parameters occurs. The greatest bias occurred for dynamic parameters (i.e. local colonization and extinction), and in many cases, the degree of inaccuracy would render results largely useless.
    3. \n
  3. We examined three approaches to increase adherence or relax these assumptions: modifying the sampling design, employing estimators that account for false-positive detections and using covariates to account for site-level heterogeneity in both false-negative and false-positive detection probabilities. We demonstrate that bias can be substantially reduced by modifications to sampling methods and by using estimators that simultaneously account for false-positive detections and site-level covariates to explain heterogeneity.
    4. \n
  4. Our results demonstrate that even small probabilities of misidentification and among-site detection heterogeneity can have severe effects on estimator reliability if ignored. We challenge researchers to place greater attention on both heterogeneity and false positives when designing and analysing occupancy studies. We provide 9 specific recommendations for the design, implementation and analysis of occupancy studies to better meet this challenge.
    5. \n
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/2041-210X.12342","usgsCitation":"Miller, D.A., Bailey, L., Grant, E., McClintock, B.T., Weir, L.A., and Simons, T.R., 2015, Performance of species occurrence estimators when basic assumptions are not met: a test using field data where true occupancy status is known: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, v. 6, no. 5, p. 557-565, https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12342.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"557","endPage":"565","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058867","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.12342","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300833,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dcb1e4b0d9246a9ec297","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/2041-210x.12342","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.12342","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Miller David A. W., Bailey Larissa L., Grant Evan H. Campbell, McClintock Brett T., Weir Linda A., Simons Theodore R.","journalName":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","publicationDate":"3/27/2015","auditedOn":"2/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, David A. W.","contributorId":126732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A. W.","affiliations":[{"id":5039,"text":"Department of Environment, Land, and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, Larissa L.","contributorId":93183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Larissa L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grant, Evan H. Campbell","contributorId":14686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Evan H. Campbell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McClintock, Brett T. 0000-0001-6154-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6154-4376","contributorId":83785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClintock","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12448,"text":"U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weir, Linda A. lweir@usgs.gov","contributorId":140505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weir","given":"Linda","email":"lweir@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Simons, Theodore R. 0000-0002-1884-6229 tsimons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-6229","contributorId":2623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"Theodore","email":"tsimons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70148309,"text":"70148309 - 2015 - Evaluating rehabilitation efforts following the Milford Flat Fire: successes, failures, and controlling factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T09:34:07","indexId":"70148309","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating rehabilitation efforts following the Milford Flat Fire: successes, failures, and controlling factors","docAbstract":"

Uncontrolled wildfire in arid and semiarid ecosystems has become an increasing concern in recent decades. Active rehabilitation of fire-affected areas is often quickly initiated to minimize long-term ecosystem damage. However, the complex soil-geomorphic-vegetation patterns and low and variable moisture conditions in these regions makes restoration challenging. To further inform these post-fire management decisions, we present results from 5 years of vegetation and sediment flux monitoring following the Milford Flat Fire in west-central Utah, USA. Our sampling design includes monitoring plots in areas not burned, areas burned but where no rehabilitation was attempted, and burned areas where various rehabilitation approaches were implemented. At each of the 25 plots, vegetation cover and composition data were collected annually, and wind-driven sediment flux was measured using passive dust traps. To evaluate effectiveness of post-fire rehabilitation treatments in establishing desired species and limiting dominance of undesired species, we analyzed the temporal response of individual species and functional groups as well as community-level multivariate responses. The warm and dry conditions that persisted for approximately 12 months post-treatment, coupled with the surface disturbing rehabilitation approaches used, resulted in near-surface dust fluxes several orders of magnitude higher in treated areas than in unburned or burned areas where no rehabilitation occurred. These dry conditions and high surface sediment flux limited the establishment of seeded species in rehabilitation areas for nearly 3 years. Post-fire rehabilitation did not limit dominance by invasive annual species of concern. Perennial species composition in the areas burned but not subject to post-fire rehabilitation was relatively similar to unburned throughout the study period. In contrast, the burned plots where rehabilitation was attempted were characterized by no (<3%) perennial cover or, in response to moister conditions, seeded forage species. These results suggest the post-fire rehabilitation efforts conducted in the lower elevation regions affected by the Milford Flat Fire were not generally successful. Though dry conditions are likely to blame for the lack of success, the low and variable precipitation characteristic of these regions suggest future post-fire rehabilitation decisions must assume that precipitation is going to be insufficient and plan rehabilitation efforts that are resilient to dry conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/ES14-00318.1","usgsCitation":"Duniway, M.C., Palmquist, E.C., and Miller, M.E., 2015, Evaluating rehabilitation efforts following the Milford Flat Fire: successes, failures, and controlling factors: Ecosphere, v. 6, no. 5, art80: 33 p., https://doi.org/10.1890/ES14-00318.1.","productDescription":"art80: 33 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059721","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472077,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es14-00318.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76W984Z","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Evaluating rehabilitation efforts following the Milford Flat Fire: Successes, failures, and controlling factorsData"},{"id":300834,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Milford Flat","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.115234375,\n 38.06539235133249\n ],\n [\n -113.115234375,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -112.236328125,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -112.236328125,\n 38.06539235133249\n ],\n [\n -113.115234375,\n 38.06539235133249\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dca3e4b0d9246a9ec287","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palmquist, Emily C. 0000-0003-1069-2154 epalmquist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1069-2154","contributorId":5669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmquist","given":"Emily","email":"epalmquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Mark E.","contributorId":91580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6959,"text":"National Park Service Southeast Utah Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148336,"text":"70148336 - 2015 - Functional skeletal morphology and its implications for locomotory behavior among three genera of myosoricine shrews (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T09:16:18","indexId":"70148336","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2394,"text":"Journal of Morphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Functional skeletal morphology and its implications for locomotory behavior among three genera of myosoricine shrews (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae)","docAbstract":"

Myosoricinae is a small clade of shrews (Mammalia, Eulipotyphla, Soricidae) that is currently restricted to the African continent. Individual species have limited distributions that are often associated with higher elevations. Although the majority of species in the subfamily are considered ambulatory in their locomotory behavior, species of the myosoricine genus Surdisorex are known to be semifossorial. To better characterize variation in locomotory behaviors among myosoricines, we calculated 32 morphological indices from skeletal measurements from nine species representing all three genera that comprise the subfamily (i.e., Congosorex, Myosorex, Surdisorex) and compared them to indices calculated for two species with well-documented locomotory behaviors: the ambulatory talpid Uropsilus soricipes and the semifossorial talpid Neurotrichus gibbsii. We summarized the 22 most complete morphological variables by 1) calculating a mean percentile rank for each species and 2) using the first principal component from principal component analysis of the indices. The two methods yielded similar results and indicate grades of adaptations reflecting a range of potential locomotory behaviors from ambulatory to semifossorial that exceeds the range represented by the two talpids. Morphological variation reflecting grades of increased semifossoriality among myosoricine shrews is similar in many respects to that seen for soricines, but some features are unique to the Myosoricinae.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jmor.20365","usgsCitation":"Woodman, N., and Stabile, F.A., 2015, Functional skeletal morphology and its implications for locomotory behavior among three genera of myosoricine shrews (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae): Journal of Morphology, v. 276, no. 5, p. 550-563, https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20365.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"550","endPage":"563","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060667","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"276","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dcaae4b0d9246a9ec28d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodman, Neal 0000-0003-2689-7373 nwoodman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":3547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"Neal","email":"nwoodman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stabile, Frank A.","contributorId":140860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stabile","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70148338,"text":"70148338 - 2015 - Slipstream: an early Holocene slump and turbidite record from the frontal ridge of the Cascadia accretionary wedge off western Canada and paleoseismic implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-28T09:26:18","indexId":"70148338","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slipstream: an early Holocene slump and turbidite record from the frontal ridge of the Cascadia accretionary wedge off western Canada and paleoseismic implications","docAbstract":"

Slipstream Slump, a well-preserved 3 km wide sedimentary failure from the frontal ridge of the Cascadia accretionary wedge 85 km off Vancouver Island, Canada, was sampled during Canadian Coast Guard Ship (CCGS) John P. Tully cruise 2008007PGC along a transect of five piston cores. Shipboard sediment analysis and physical property logging revealed 12 turbidites interbedded with thick hemipelagic sediments overlying the slumped glacial diamict. Despite the different sedimentary setting, atop the abyssal plain fan, this record is similar in number and age to the sequence of turbidites sampled farther to the south from channel systems along the Cascadia Subduction Zone, with no extra turbidites present in this local record. Given the regional physiographic and tectonic setting, megathrust earthquake shaking is the most likely trigger for both the initial slumping and subsequent turbidity currents, with sediments sourced exclusively from the exposed slump face of the frontal ridge. Planktonic foraminifera picked from the resedimented diamict of the underlying main slump have a disordered cluster of 14C ages between 12.8 and 14.5 ka BP. For the post-slump stratigraphy, an event-free depth scale is defined by removing the turbidite sediment intervals and using the hemipelagic sediments. Nine14C dates from the most foraminifera-rich intervals define a nearly constant hemipelagic sedimentation rate of 0.021 cm/year. The combined age model is defined using only planktonic foraminiferal dates and Bayesian analysis with a Poisson-process sedimentation model. The age model of ongoing hemipelagic sedimentation is strengthened by physical property correlations from Slipstream events to the turbidites for the Barkley Canyon site 40 km south. Additional modelling addressed the possibilities of seabed erosion or loss and basal erosion beneath turbidites. Neither of these approaches achieves a modern seabed age when applying the commonly used regional marine 14C reservoir age of 800 years (marine reservoir correction ΔR= 400 years). Rather, the top of the core appears to be 400 years in the future. A younger marine reservoir age of 400 years (ΔR = 0 years) brings the top to the present and produces better correlations with the nearby Effingham Inlet paleo-earthquake chronology based only on terrestrial carbon requiring no reservoir correction. The high-resolution dating and facies analysis of Slipstream Slump in this isolated slope basin setting demonstrates that this is also a useful type of sedimentary target for sampling the paleoseismic record in addition to the more studied turbidites from submarine canyon and channel systems. The first 10 turbidites at Slipstream Slump were deposited between 10.8 and 6.6 ka BP, after which the system became sediment starved and only two more turbidites were deposited. The recurrence interval for the inferred frequent early Holocene megathrust earthquakes is 460 ± 140 years, compatible with other estimates of paleoseismic megathrust earthquake occurrence rates along the subduction zone.

","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjes-2014-0131","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, T., Enkin, R.J., Riedel, M., Rogers, G., Pohlman, J.W., and Benway, H.M., 2015, Slipstream: an early Holocene slump and turbidite record from the frontal ridge of the Cascadia accretionary wedge off western Canada and paleoseismic implications: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 52, p. 1-26, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2014-0131.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065348","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00496/60803/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":300831,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"Slipstream Slump","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -128.836669921875,\n 45.4524242413431\n ],\n [\n -128.836669921875,\n 45.4524242413431\n ],\n [\n -128.836669921875,\n 45.4524242413431\n ],\n [\n -128.836669921875,\n 45.4524242413431\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.035400390625,\n 49.10983779052439\n ],\n [\n -124.815673828125,\n 48.922499263758255\n ],\n [\n -126.02416992187499,\n 48.268569112964336\n ],\n [\n -126.529541015625,\n 48.61838518688487\n ],\n [\n -125.035400390625,\n 49.10983779052439\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dcb2e4b0d9246a9ec29b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, T.S.","contributorId":140949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13625,"text":"Dept. of Chemistry and Geoscience Camosun College, Victoria, B.C.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Enkin, Randolph J.","contributorId":75373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enkin","given":"Randolph","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riedel, Michael","contributorId":7518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rogers, Gary C.","contributorId":41980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Gary C.","affiliations":[{"id":13092,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pohlman, John W. jpohlman@usgs.gov","contributorId":139874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pohlman","given":"John","email":"jpohlman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Benway, Heather M.","contributorId":140951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benway","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13627,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70136357,"text":"sir20145236 - 2015 - Flood-inundation maps for the Hoosic River, North Adams and Williamstown, Massachusetts, from the confluence with the North Branch Hoosic River to the Vermont State line","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-04T12:07:21","indexId":"sir20145236","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5236","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the Hoosic River, North Adams and Williamstown, Massachusetts, from the confluence with the North Branch Hoosic River to the Vermont State line","docAbstract":"

A series of nine digital flood-inundation maps were developed for an 8-mile reach of the Hoosic River in North Adams and Williamstown, Massachusetts, by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency. The coverage of the maps extends from the confluence with the North Branch Hoosic River to the Vermont State line. Peak flows with 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities were computed for the reach from updated flood-frequency analyses. These peak flows were routed through a one-dimensional step-backwater hydraulic model to obtain the corresponding peak water-surface elevations, and to place the tropical storm Irene flood of August 28, 2011 into historical context. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using the current (2014) stage-discharge relation at the USGS streamgage Hoosic River near Williamstown, Massachusetts (01332500), and from documented high-water marks from the tropical storm Irene flood, which had approximately a 1-percent annual exceedance probability.

\n

The hydraulic model was used to compute water-surface profiles for flood stages referenced to the streamgage and ranging from 9 feet (ft; 624.45 ft North American Vertical Datum of 1988 [NAVD 1988]), which is near bankfull, to 16.1 ft (631.59 ft NAVD 1988), which exceeds the maximum recorded water level at the streamgage and the National Weather Service major flood stage of 13.0 ft. The mapped stages, 10.9 to 16.1 ft, were selected to match the stages of flows with annual exceedance probabilities between 20 and 0.2 percent, and thus do not fall at exact 1-ft increments. The simulated water-surface profiles were combined with a geographic information system digital elevation model derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) data having a 0.5-ft vertical accuracy to create a set of flood-inundation maps.

\n

The availability of the flood-inundation maps, combined with information regarding current (near real-time) stage from USGS streamgage Hoosic River near Williamstown, and forecasted flood stages from the National Weather Service Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service will provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, and post-flood recovery efforts. The flood-inundation maps are nonregulatory, but provide Federal, State, and local agencies and the public with estimates of the potential extent of flooding during selected peak-flow events.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145236","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Lombard, P., and Bent, G.C., 2015, Flood-inundation maps for the Hoosic River, North Adams and Williamstown, Massachusetts, from the confluence with the North Branch Hoosic River to the Vermont State line: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5236, Report: vi, 15 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145236.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 15 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-059673","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science 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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dca7e4b0d9246a9ec28b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lombard, Pamela J. plombard@usgs.gov","contributorId":140923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lombard","given":"Pamela J.","email":"plombard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bent, Gardner C. 0000-0002-5085-3146 gbent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5085-3146","contributorId":1864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bent","given":"Gardner","email":"gbent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70173890,"text":"70173890 - 2015 - Effectiveness of two commercial rotenone formulations in the eradication of virile crayfish Orconectes virillis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T13:39:50","indexId":"70173890","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T06:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effectiveness of two commercial rotenone formulations in the eradication of virile crayfish Orconectes virillis","docAbstract":"

The virile or northern crayfish Orconectes virilis is an invasive species throughout much of the USA, damaging aquatic communities where it is introduced. Therefore, identification of effective methods for its eradication from areas in which it is unwanted is important. We studied the effectiveness of two commercial formulations of rotenone, Chem Fish Regular and CFT Legumine, for virile crayfish control. Although both formulations were effective for fish eradication, earlier observations by fisheries managers suggested that the relative effectiveness of the two formulations differs for crayfish. The only noteworthy difference between the formulations is that the former contains a synergist. In our first experiment, we tested each toxicant at the maximum labeled dosage (5 ppm) and found CFT Legumine to be 100% ineffective (0% mortality), while the Chem Fish Regular treatment resulted in 12.5% mortality. After we deemed Chem Fish Regular to be the only toxicant with any effectiveness against virile crayfish, we tested concentrations from 5 to 50 ppm and found 10 times the maximum labeled dosage (50 ppm rotenone) was needed to kill all virile crayfish. Because crayfish burrow and can leave water, and because 100% eradication is usually desired, rotenone applied at the labeled rates will not be effective for crayfish control. However, treating a body of water with CFT Legumine to eradicate invasive fish while leaving desirable crayfish unharmed is possible.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2015.1017127","usgsCitation":"Recsetar, M.S., and Bonar, S.A., 2015, Effectiveness of two commercial rotenone formulations in the eradication of virile crayfish Orconectes virillis: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 3, p. 616-620, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2015.1017127.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"616","endPage":"620","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057198","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324228,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576bb6b2e4b07657d1a22896","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Recsetar, Matthew S.","contributorId":67395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Recsetar","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189617,"text":"70189617 - 2015 - Unusual downhole and surface free-field records near the Carquinez Strait bridges during the 24 August 2014 Mw6.0 South Napa, California earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T11:12:18","indexId":"70189617","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unusual downhole and surface free-field records near the Carquinez Strait bridges during the 24 August 2014 Mw6.0 South Napa, California earthquake","docAbstract":"This paper reports the results of Part A of a study of the recorded strong-motion accelerations at the well-instrumented network of the two side-by-side parallel bridges over the Carquinez Strait during the 24 August 2014 (Mw6.0 ) South Napa, Calif. earthquake that occurred at 03:20:44 PDT with epicentral coordinates 38.22N, 122.31W. (http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqarchives/poster/2014/20140824.php, last accessed on October 17, 2014). Both bridges and two boreholes were instrumented by the California Strong motion Instrumentation Program (CSMIP) of California Geological Survey (CGS) (Shakal et al., 2014). A comprehensive comparison of several ground motion prediction equations as they relate to recorded ground motions of the earthquake is provided by Baltay and Boatright (2015).","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220150041","usgsCitation":"Çelebi, M., Ghahari, S.F., and Taciroglu, E., 2015, Unusual downhole and surface free-field records near the Carquinez Strait bridges during the 24 August 2014 Mw6.0 South Napa, California earthquake: Seismological Research Letters, v. 86, no. 4, p. 1128-1134, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220150041.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"1128","endPage":"1134","ipdsId":"IP-063251","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Carquinez Strait","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.2364616394043,\n 38.05113260504745\n ],\n [\n -122.21405982971191,\n 38.05113260504745\n ],\n [\n -122.21405982971191,\n 38.0732982168587\n ],\n [\n -122.2364616394043,\n 38.0732982168587\n ],\n [\n -122.2364616394043,\n 38.05113260504745\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"86","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fbae4b0d1f9f065a8cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Çelebi, Mehmet 0000-0002-4769-7357 celebi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-7357","contributorId":3205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Çelebi","given":"Mehmet","email":"celebi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ghahari, S. Farid","contributorId":194837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ghahari","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Farid","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taciroglu, Ertugrul","contributorId":176616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taciroglu","given":"Ertugrul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148054,"text":"sim3321 - 2015 - Geologic map of the southern White Ledge Peak and Matilija quadrangles, Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T20:35:32.779584","indexId":"sim3321","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-26T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3321","title":"Geologic map of the southern White Ledge Peak and Matilija quadrangles, Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties, California","docAbstract":"

This report presents a digital geologic strip map of the southern parts of the contiguous White Ledge Peak and Matilija 7.5’ quadrangles in coastal southern California. With a compilation scale of 1:24,000 (one inch on the map to 2,000 feet on the ground), the map depicts the distribution of bedrock units, surficial deposits, and associated deformation adjacent to and south of the Arroyo Parida fault and in the southern Ojai Valley east of the Ventura River. This new compilation, combined with a recently published geologic map of the Santa Barbara coastal plain (U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3001), completes a 69-km-long east-west mapping transect from Goleta to Ojai by the U.S. Geological Survey. These two contiguous geologic maps provide new insights and constraints on Neogene-through-Quaternary tectonic deformation and consequent landscape change, including geohazards in the urbanized southern flank of the Santa Ynez Mountains.

\n

A principal aim of the new mapping and associated fault-kinematic measurements is to document and constrain the nature of transpressional strain transfer between various regional, potentially seismogenic faults. In the accompanying pamphlet, surficial and bedrock map units are described in detail as well as a summary of the structural and fault-kinematic framework of the map area. New biostratigraphic and biochronologic data based on microfossil identifications are presented in expanded unit descriptions of the marine Neogene Monterey and Sisquoc Formations. Site-specific fault kinematic observations are embedded in the digital map database. This compilation provides a uniform geologic digital geodatabase and map plot files that can be used for visualization, analysis, and interpretation of the area’s geology, geologic hazards, and natural resources.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3321","usgsCitation":"Minor, S.A., and Brandt, T.R., 2015, Geologic map of the southern White Ledge Peak and Matilija quadrangles, Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3321, Pamphlet: iv, 34 p.; 1 Plate: 56 x 32 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3321.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 34 p.; 1 Plate: 56 x 32 inches; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-046251","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300814,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3321.jpg"},{"id":399002,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_101922.htm"},{"id":300812,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3321/downloads/","text":"Downloads Directory","description":"Downloads Directory","linkHelpText":"Contains: Associated database files. Refer to the ReadMe and Metadata files for more information."},{"id":300811,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3321/pdf/sim3321_map_geo.pdf","text":"Map georeferenced","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Map georeferenced","linkHelpText":"Contains: Georeferenced pdf for users' convenience; no hillshade included."},{"id":300810,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3321/pdf/sim3321_map.pdf","text":"Map","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Map"},{"id":300813,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3001/","text":"Related report: SIM 3001","linkHelpText":"Geologic Map of the Santa Barbara Coastal Plain Area, Santa Barbara County, California"},{"id":300809,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3321/pdf/sim3321_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Pamphlet"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Barbara County, Ventura County","otherGeospatial":"White Ledge Peak and Matilija quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.5,\n 34.375\n ],\n [\n -119.5,\n 34.4561\n ],\n [\n -119.25,\n 34.4561\n ],\n [\n -119.25,\n 34.375\n ],\n [\n -119.5,\n 34.375\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55658b1ae4b0d9246a9eb5e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minor, Scott A. 0000-0002-6976-9235 sminor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6976-9235","contributorId":765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"Scott","email":"sminor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandt, Theodore R. 0000-0002-7862-9082 tbrandt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7862-9082","contributorId":1267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"Theodore","email":"tbrandt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70142283,"text":"70142283 - 2015 - Evaluating turbidity and suspended-sediment concentration relations from the North Fork Toutle River basin near Mount St. Helens, Washington; annual, seasonal, event, and particle size variations - a preliminary analysis.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-09T16:39:17","indexId":"70142283","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Evaluating turbidity and suspended-sediment concentration relations from the North Fork Toutle River basin near Mount St. Helens, Washington; annual, seasonal, event, and particle size variations - a preliminary analysis.","docAbstract":"

Regression of in-stream turbidity with concurrent sample-based suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) has become an accepted method for producing unit-value time series of inferred SSC (Rasmussen et al., 2009). Turbidity-SSC regression models are increasingly used to generate suspended-sediment records for Pacific Northwest rivers (e.g., Curran et al., 2014; Schenk and Bragg, 2014; Uhrich and Bragg, 2003). Recent work developing turbidity-SSC models for the North Fork Toutle River in Southwest Washington (Uhrich et al., 2014), as well as other studies (Landers and Sturm, 2013, Merten et al., 2014), suggests that models derived from annual or greater datasets may not adequately reflect shorter term changes in turbidity-SSC relations, warranting closer inspection of such relations. In-stream turbidity measurements and suspended-sediment samples have been collected from the North Fork Toutle River since 2010. The study site, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgage 14240525 near Kid Valley, Washington, is 13 river km downstream of the debris avalanche emplaced by the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens (Lipman and Mullineaux, 1981), and 2 river km downstream of the large sediment retention structure (SRS) built from 1987–1989 to mitigate the associated sediment hazard. The debris avalanche extends roughly 25 km down valley from the edifice of the volcano and is the primary source of suspended sediment moving past the streamgage (NF Toutle-SRS). Other significant sources are debris flow events and sand deposits upstream of the SRS, which are periodically remobilized and transported downstream. Also, finer material often is derived from the clay-rich original debris avalanche deposit, while coarser material can derive from areas such as fluvially reworked terraces.

","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the joint federal interagency conference 2015","conferenceTitle":"5th Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference and the 10th Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference","conferenceDate":"April 19-23, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Reno, Nevada","language":"English","collaboration":"US Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Uhrich, M.A., Spicer, K.R., Mosbrucker, A.R., and Christianson, T.S., 2015, Evaluating turbidity and suspended-sediment concentration relations from the North Fork Toutle River basin near Mount St. Helens, Washington; annual, seasonal, event, and particle size variations - a preliminary analysis., in Proceedings of the joint federal interagency conference 2015, Reno, Nevada, April 19-23, 2015, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061916","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Toutle River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.50408172607422,\n 46.30140615437332\n ],\n [\n -122.53498077392578,\n 46.210962348068314\n ],\n [\n -122.46322631835938,\n 46.18244521829928\n ],\n [\n -122.37361907958984,\n 46.17959269136383\n ],\n [\n -122.27611541748045,\n 46.18006812279714\n ],\n [\n -122.24006652832033,\n 46.17079646832833\n ],\n [\n -122.19680786132812,\n 46.216188883247405\n ],\n [\n -122.19715118408202,\n 46.258458011742235\n ],\n [\n -122.32864379882811,\n 46.27103747280261\n ],\n [\n -122.3650360107422,\n 46.27578368908797\n ],\n [\n -122.4367904663086,\n 46.30662407603325\n ],\n [\n -122.47936248779295,\n 46.31089291474789\n ],\n [\n -122.49927520751953,\n 46.30875853700599\n ],\n [\n -122.50545501708984,\n 46.302829273239325\n ],\n [\n -122.50408172607422,\n 46.30140615437332\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5641d1bee4b0831b7d62e73c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Uhrich, Mark A. 0000-0002-5202-8086 mauhrich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5202-8086","contributorId":1149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uhrich","given":"Mark","email":"mauhrich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spicer, Kurt R. 0000-0001-5030-3198 krspicer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-3198","contributorId":2684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spicer","given":"Kurt","email":"krspicer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mosbrucker, Adam R. 0000-0003-0298-0324 amosbrucker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0298-0324","contributorId":4968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosbrucker","given":"Adam","email":"amosbrucker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Christianson, Tami S. 0000-0002-6873-9229 tchristianson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6873-9229","contributorId":5986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christianson","given":"Tami","email":"tchristianson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70135042,"text":"70135042 - 2015 - Estimates of hydraulic fracturing (Frac) sand production, consumption, and reserves in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-09T11:59:32","indexId":"70135042","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5225,"text":"Rock Products","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimates of hydraulic fracturing (Frac) sand production, consumption, and reserves in the United States","docAbstract":"

The practice of fracturing reservoir rock in the United States as a method to increase the flow of oil and gas from wells has a relatively long history and can be traced back to 1858 in Fredonia, New York, when a gas well situated in shale of the Marcellus Formation was successfully fractured using black powder as a blasting agent. Nearly all domestic hydraulic fracturing, often referred to as hydrofracking or fracking, is a process where fluids are injected under high pressure through perforations in the horizontal portion of a well casing in order to generate fractures in reservoir rock with low permeability (“tight”). Because the fractures are in contact with the well bore they can serve as pathways for the recovery of gas and oil. To prevent the fractures generated by the fracking process from closing or becoming obstructed with debris, material termed “proppant,” most commonly high-silica sand, is injected along with water-rich fluids to maintain or “prop” open the fractures. The first commercial application of fracking in the oil and gas industry took place in Oklahoma and Texas during the 1940s. In 1949, over 300 wells, mostly vertical, were fracked (ALL Consulting, LLC, 2012; McGee, 2012; Veil, 2012) and used silica sand as a proppant (Fracline, 2011). The resulting increase in well productivity demonstrated the significant potential that fracking might have for the oil and gas industry.

","language":"English","publisher":"Rock Products","usgsCitation":"Bleiwas, D.I., 2015, Estimates of hydraulic fracturing (Frac) sand production, consumption, and reserves in the United States: Rock Products, v. 118, no. 5, p. 60-60.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"60","ipdsId":"IP-061248","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330887,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":330886,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/103170641/estimates-hydraulic-fracturing-frac-sand-production-consumption-reserves-united-states"}],"volume":"118","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582443f6e4b09065cdf30542","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bleiwas, Donald I. bleiwas@usgs.gov","contributorId":1434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleiwas","given":"Donald","email":"bleiwas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171170,"text":"70171170 - 2015 - Initiation of migration and movement rates of Atlantic salmon smolts in fresh water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T16:18:28","indexId":"70171170","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-25T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Initiation of migration and movement rates of Atlantic salmon smolts in fresh water","docAbstract":"

Timing of ocean entry is critical for marine survival of both hatchery and wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts. Management practices and barriers to migration such as dams may constrain timing of smolt migrations resulting in suboptimal performance at saltwater entry. We modeled influences of stocking location, smolt development, and environmental conditions on (i) initiation of migration by hatchery-reared smolts and (ii) movement rate of hatchery- and wild-reared Atlantic salmon smolts in the Penobscot River, Maine, USA, from 2005 through 2014 using acoustic telemetry data. We also compared movement rates in free-flowing reaches with rates in reaches with hydropower dams and head ponds. We compared movement rates before and after (1) removal of two mainstem dams and (2) construction of new powerhouses. Initiation of movement by hatchery fish was influenced by smolt development, stocking location, and environmental conditions. Smolts with the greatest gill Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) activity initiated migration 24 h sooner than fish with the lowest gill NKA activity. Fish with the greatest cumulative thermal experience initiated migration 5 days earlier than those with lowest cumulative thermal experience. Smolts released furthest from the ocean initiated migration earlier than those released downstream, but movement rate increased by fivefold closer to the ocean, indicating behavioral trade-offs between initiation and movement rate. Dams had a strong effect on movement rate. Movement rate increased from 2.8 to 5.4 km·h−1 in reaches where dams were removed, but decreased from 2.1 to 0.1 km·h−1 in reaches where new powerhouses were constructed. Movement rate varied throughout the migratory period and was inversely related to temperature. Fish moved slower at extreme high or low discharge. Responses in fish movement rates to dam removal indicate the potential scope of recovery for these activities.

","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2014-0570","usgsCitation":"Stich, D.S., Kinnison, M.T., Kocik, J.F., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2015, Initiation of migration and movement rates of Atlantic salmon smolts in fresh water: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 72, no. 9, p. 1339-1351, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0570.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1339","endPage":"1351","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060916","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321685,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.5,\n 44.7\n ],\n [\n -68.5,\n 45.1\n ],\n [\n -68.8,\n 45.1\n ],\n [\n -68.8,\n 44.7\n ],\n [\n -68.5,\n 44.7\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"72","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5746ccbde4b07e28b662dce6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stich, Daniel S.","contributorId":139212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stich","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12606,"text":"University of Maine, Dept of Plant, Soil, & Envir Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinnison, Michael T.","contributorId":169617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kinnison","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kocik, John F.","contributorId":103162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocik","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148195,"text":"ofr20151106 - 2015 - Estimating exposure of piscivorous birds and sport fish to mercury in California lakes using prey fish monitoring: a predictive tool for managers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-27T14:27:39","indexId":"ofr20151106","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-25T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1106","title":"Estimating exposure of piscivorous birds and sport fish to mercury in California lakes using prey fish monitoring: a predictive tool for managers","docAbstract":"

Numerous water bodies in California are listed under the Clean Water Act as being impaired due to mercury (Hg) contamination. The Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program (SWAMP), via the Bioaccumulation Oversight Group (BOG), has recently completed statewide surveys of contaminants in sport fish tissue from more than 250 lakes and rivers in California and throughout coastal waters. This effort focused on human health issues but did not include beneficial uses by wildlife. Many piscivorous birds such as grebes, terns, cormorants, and mergansers eat fish smaller than those that were sampled by BOG, and sport fish Hg concentrations are not always indicative of wildlife exposure to Hg; therefore, the BOG surveys could not address whether wildlife were at risk due to Hg-induced reproductive impairment in these lakes.

\n

We used western grebes (Aechmophorus occidentalis) and Clark’s grebes (Aechmophorus clarkii) as our index of wildlife exposure to Hg in California lakes. Grebes are widely distributed in lakes throughout California and, as piscivorous waterbirds, are near the top of the food chain in lakes. Additionally, grebes become flightless after they arrive at their summer locations. Thus, grebes are useful representatives for wildlife risk from local, lake-specific contaminant exposure. Grebes also breed at many lakes throughout California, making them susceptible to impaired reproduction due to local Hg contamination.

\n

We developed a tool for estimating wildlife and sport fish risk from Hg exposure based on Hg concentrations in prey fish. This quantitative tool can be used to predict Hg concentrations in grebe blood, grebe eggs, and sport fish, thus facilitating a feasible alternative for adequately estimating wildlife exposure when more comprehensive wildlife sampling is not possible. Specifically, we sampled grebes, prey fish, and sport fish simultaneously at 25 lakes throughout California during the spring and summer of 2012 and 2013 when breeding birds are particularly vulnerable to Hg-induced reproductive impairment. We selected lakes based on a combination of factors, including lakes

\n
    \n
  1. from southern and northern California,
    2. \n
  2. of various sizes, shapes, and elevations,
    3. \n
  3. with a range of sport fish Hg exposure levels ,
    4. \n
  4. where largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) was the primary sport fish, and
    5. \n
  5. with a history of use by grebes.
    6. \n
\n

Using these factors ensured that our results are representative of a broad range of lakes and reservoirs in California and are comparable to prior BOG studies.

\n

Specifically, we addressed three management questions:

\n
    \n
  1. Does methylmercury pose significant risks to aquatic life in a representative sample of California lakes and reservoirs?
    2. \n
  2. Can a correlational approach be applied on a statewide basis to estimate risks to birds?
    3. \n
  3. What are appropriate water-quality monitoring requirements to address methylmercury exposure in wildlife?
    4. \n
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151106","collaboration":"USFWS, CA State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., Hartman, C.A., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Herzog, M., Davison, J., Ichikawa, G., and Bonnema, A., 2015, Estimating exposure of piscivorous birds and sport fish to mercury in California lakes using prey fish monitoring: a predictive tool for managers: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1106, Report: vii, 48 p.; Risk Estimator Tool, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151106.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 48 p.; Risk Estimator Tool","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-065497","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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