{"pageNumber":"1254","pageRowStart":"31325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":24922,"text":"ofr97233 - 1997 - Nitrogen and phosphorus data for surface water in the Upper Colorado River basin, Colorado, 1980-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-27T07:12:19","indexId":"ofr97233","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-233","title":"Nitrogen and phosphorus data for surface water in the Upper Colorado River basin, Colorado, 1980-94","docAbstract":"This report documents, summarizes, and provides on 3.5-in. diskette the surface-water data collected from January 1980 through August 1994 for nitrogen and phosphorus in the Upper Colorado River Basin from the Colorado-Utah State line to the Continental Divide. Ancillary data for parameters, such as water temperature, streamflow, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, pH, and alkalinity, also are compiled, if available. Data were retrieved from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency STORET (STOrage and RETrieval) system. The water-quality data are presented for sites having five or more nutrient analyses that reflect ambient stream conditions. The compiled data base contains 4,927 samples from 123 sites. The median sample period of record for individual sites is 2.5 years, and the seventy-fifth percentile is about 12 years. Sixteen sites have only five samples each. The median number of samples per site is 14 samples, whereas the seventy-fifth percentile is 65 samples. The compiled data set was used in the design of a basinwide sampling network that incorporates sites that lack historic surface-water-quality data.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97233","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Wynn, K.H., and Spahr, N., 1997, Nitrogen and phosphorus data for surface water in the Upper Colorado River basin, Colorado, 1980-94: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-233, v, 14 p. :ill., map ;28 cm. +1 computer disk (3 1/2 in.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97233.","productDescription":"v, 14 p. :ill., map ;28 cm. +1 computer disk (3 1/2 in.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1896,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr97233","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":157815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270249,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0233/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48ade4b07f02db52d520","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wynn, K. H.","contributorId":12076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wynn","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spahr, N.E.","contributorId":79476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spahr","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5739,"text":"pp1581 - 1997 - Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":22546,"text":"ofr96500 - 1996 - Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska","indexId":"ofr96500","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"title":"Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":5739,"text":"pp1581 - 1997 - Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska","indexId":"pp1581","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:57","indexId":"pp1581","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1581","title":"Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska","docAbstract":"The Copper River, located in southcentral Alaska, drains an area of more than 24,000 square miles. About 30 miles above its mouth, this large river enters Miles Lake, a proglacial lake formed by the retreat of Miles Glacier. Downstream from the outlet of Miles Lake, the Copper River flows past the face of Childs Glacier before it enters a large, broad, alluvial flood plain. The Copper River Highway traverses this flood plain and in 1995, 11 bridges were located along this section of the highway. These bridges cross parts of the Copper River and in recent years, some of these bridges have sustained serious damage due to the changing course of the Copper River. \r\n\r\nAlthough the annual mean discharge of the lower Copper River is 57,400 cubic feet per second, most of the flow occurs during the summer months from snowmelt, rainfall, and glacial melt. Approximately every six years, an outburst flood from Van Cleve Lake, a glacier-dammed lake formed by Miles Glacier, releases approximately 1 million acre-feet of water into the Copper River. When the outflow rate from Van Cleve Lake reaches it peak, the flow of the Copper River will increase between 150,000 to 190,000 cubic feet per second. \r\n\r\nData collected by bedload sampling and continuous seismic reflection indicated that Miles Lake traps virtually all the bedload being transported by the Copper River as it enters the lake from the north. The reservoir-like effect of Miles Lake results in the armoring of the channel of the Copper River downstream from Miles Lake, past Childs Glacier, until it reaches the alluvial flood plain. At this point, bedload transport begins again. The lower Copper River transports 69 million tons per year of suspended sediment, approximately the same quantity as the Yukon River, which drains an area of more than 300,000 square miles. \r\n\r\nBy correlating concurrent flows from a long-term streamflow-gaging station on the Copper River with a short-term streamflow-gaging station at the outlet of Miles Lake, long-term flow characteristics of the lower Copper River were synthesized. Historical discharge and cross-section data indicate that as late as 1970, most of the flow of the lower Copper River was through the first three bridges of the Copper River Highway as it begins to traverse the alluvial flood plain. In the mid 1980's, a percentage of the flow had shifted away from these three bridges and in 1995, only 51 percent of the flow of the Copper River passed through them. \r\n\r\nEight different years of aerial photography of the lower Copper River were analyzed using Geographical Information System techniques. This analysis indicated that no major channel changes were caused by the 1964 earthquake. However, a flood in 1981 that had a recurrence interval of more than 100 years caused significant channel changes in the lower Copper River. \r\n\r\nA probability analysis of the lower Copper River indicated stable areas and the long-term locations of channels. By knowing the number of times a particular area has been occupied by water and the last year an area was occupied by water, areas of instability can be located. A Markov analysis of the lower Copper River indicated that the tendency of the flood plain is to remain in its current state. Large floods of the magnitude of the 1981 event are believed to be the cause of major changes in the lower Copper River.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ;\r\nFor sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services,","doi":"10.3133/pp1581","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 1997, Geomorphology of the lower Copper River, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1581, 89 p.; 55 illus.; 16 plates; 16 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1581.","productDescription":"89 p.; 55 illus.; 16 plates; 16 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1581/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32318,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1581/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae276","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":151505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21831,"text":"ofr9759 - 1997 - Geology and structure of the Pine River, Florida River, Carbon Junction, and Basin Creek gas seeps, La Plata County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:49","indexId":"ofr9759","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-59","title":"Geology and structure of the Pine River, Florida River, Carbon Junction, and Basin Creek gas seeps, La Plata County, Colorado","docAbstract":"Introduction: This study was commissioned by a consortium consisting of the Bureau of Land Management, Durango Office; the Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission; La Plata County; and all of the major gas-producing companies operating in La Plata County, Colorado. The gas-seep study project consisted of four parts; 1) detailed surface mapping of Fruitland Formation coal outcrops in the above listed seep areas, 2) detailed measurement of joint and fracture patterns in the seep areas, 3) detailed coal-bed correlation of Fruitland coals in the subsurface adjacent to the seep areas, and 4) studies of deep-seated seismic patterns in those seep areas where seismic data was available. This report is divided into three chapters labeled 1, 2, and 3. Chapter 1 contains the results of the subsurface coal-bed correla-tion study, chapter 2 contains the results of the surface geologic mapping and joint measurement study, and chapter 3, contains the results of the deep-seismic study. \r\n\r\nA preliminary draft of this report was submitted to the La Plata County Group in September 1996. All of the members of the La Plata Group were given an opportunity to critically review the draft report and their comments were the basis for revising the first draft to create this final version of a geologic report on the major La Plata County gas seeps located north of the Southern Ute Indian Reservation.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9759","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Fassett, J.E., Condon, S.M., Huffman, A.C., and Taylor, D.J., 1997, Geology and structure of the Pine River, Florida River, Carbon Junction, and Basin Creek gas seeps, La Plata County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-59, 126 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9759.","productDescription":"126 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8095,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/59/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c767","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fassett, James E. jfassett@usgs.gov","contributorId":73590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fassett","given":"James","email":"jfassett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":185877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Condon, Steven M.","contributorId":95464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Condon","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huffman, A. Curtis Jr.","contributorId":50191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Curtis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taylor, David J.","contributorId":42924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":23723,"text":"ofr97484E - 1997 - Livengood GeoExplorer: An interactive geologic database on CD-ROM, Livengood quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-10T20:40:15.01838","indexId":"ofr97484E","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-484","chapter":"E","title":"Livengood GeoExplorer: An interactive geologic database on CD-ROM, Livengood quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97484E","usgsCitation":"Light, T., Barnwell, C.E., and Andrade, J., 1997, Livengood GeoExplorer: An interactive geologic database on CD-ROM, Livengood quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-484, 1 CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97484E.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402073,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13236.htm"},{"id":112020,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/12831","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Livengood quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150,\n 65\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 65\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 65\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a68e4b07f02db63b0d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Light, T.D.","contributorId":66249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Light","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnwell, C. E.","contributorId":14837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnwell","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrade, Julio","contributorId":92704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrade","given":"Julio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24131,"text":"ofr97558 - 1997 - Stream Stability and Scour Assessments at Bridges in Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:15","indexId":"ofr97558","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-558","title":"Stream Stability and Scour Assessments at Bridges in Massachusetts","docAbstract":"In 1989, the Federal Highway Administration mandated that every state establish a program to evaluate the vulnerability to floods of all bridges over water. The Massachusetts Highway Department entered into a cooperative effort with the U.S. Geological Survey to comply with this mandate. Geomorphic and hydraulic characteristics were collected and were used to assess the processes that affect stream stability and current scour problems and potential near 2,361 bridge sites in Massachusetts. As a result of these assessments, the Massachusetts Highway Department will prioritize the bridge inventory for action regarding scour safety. A data base was prepared that includes the geomorphic and hydraulic data collected during field assessments. In addition to the data base, this report includes the historical development of the bridge scour program, the methods used for data collection during assessments, the methods used for quality assurance and quality control, and how the data base was digitally formatted to be presented on a CD-ROM. A user's guide provides assistance in the use of this electronic data base and report.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr97558","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Massachusetts Highway Department.","usgsCitation":"Parker, G.W., Bratton, L., and Armstrong, D.S., 1997, Stream Stability and Scour Assessments at Bridges in Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-558, Report: 49 p.; Scour data base; 2 CD-ROMs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97558.","productDescription":"Report: 49 p.; Scour data base; 2 CD-ROMs","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157273,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9741,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/ofr97-558/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5252","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parker, Gene W. gwparker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Gene","email":"gwparker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":191373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bratton, Lisa lbratton@usgs.gov","contributorId":362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bratton","given":"Lisa","email":"lbratton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":191371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Armstrong, David S. 0000-0003-1695-1233 darmstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1695-1233","contributorId":1390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"David","email":"darmstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":191372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":6815,"text":"fs14897rev - 1997 - Natural and mining-related sources of dissolved minerals during low flow in the Upper Animas River Basin, southwestern Colorado","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":38162,"text":"fs14897 - 1997 - Natural and mining-related sources of dissolved minerals during low flow in the Upper Animas River Basin, southwestern Colorado","indexId":"fs14897","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Natural and mining-related sources of dissolved minerals during low flow in the Upper Animas River Basin, southwestern Colorado"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":6815,"text":"fs14897rev - 1997 - Natural and mining-related sources of dissolved minerals during low flow in the Upper Animas River Basin, southwestern Colorado","indexId":"fs14897rev","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Natural and mining-related sources of dissolved minerals during low flow in the Upper Animas River Basin, southwestern Colorado"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-05T12:41:29","indexId":"fs14897rev","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"148-97","title":"Natural and mining-related sources of dissolved minerals during low flow in the Upper Animas River Basin, southwestern Colorado","docAbstract":"

As part of the Clean Water Act of 1972 (Public Law 92-500), all States are required to establish water-quality standards for every river basin in the State. During 1994, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment proposed to the Colorado Water Quality Control Commission (CWQCC) an aquatic-life standard of 225 µg/L (micrograms per liter) for the dissolved-zinc concentration in the Animas River downstream from Silverton (fig.1). The CWQCC delayed implementation of this water-quality standard until further information was collected and a plan for the cleanup of abandoned mines was developed. Dissolved-zinc concentrations in this section of the river ranged from about 270 µg/L during high flow, when rainfall and snowmelt runoff dilute the dissolved minerals in the river (U.S. Geological Survey, 1996, p. 431), to 960 µg/L (Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, written commun., 1996) during low flow (such as late summer and middle winter when natural springs and drainage from mines are the main sources for the streams).

\n
\n

Mining sites in the basin were developed between about 1872 and the 1940's, with only a few mines operated until the early 1990's. For local governments, mining sites represent part of the Nation's heritage, tourists are attracted to the historic mining sites, and governments are obligated to protect the historic mining sites according to the National Historic Preservation Act (Public Law 89-665).

\n
\n

In the context of this fact sheet, the term \"natural sources of dissolved minerals\" refers to springs and streams where no effect from mining were determined. \"Mining-related sources of dissolved minerals\" are assumed to be: (1 ) Water draining from mines , and (2) water seeping from mine-waste dump pile where the waste piles were saturated by water draining from mines. Although rainfall and snowmelt runoff from mine-waste piles might affect water quality in streams, work described in this fact sheet was done during low-flow conditions when springs and drainage from mine were the main sources of dissolved minerals affecting the streams. Data are being collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to determine the magnitude and sources of dissolved minerals during rainfall- and snowmelt-runoff periods.

\n
\n

This fact sheet presents results of studies done by the USGS in collaboration with the Animas River Stakeholders Group and was prepared in cooperation with the Southwestern Colorado Water Conservation District. The studies were done at selected sites in the Upper Animas River Basin to determine natural and mining-related sources of dissolved minerals and are continuing in the basin with the Animas River Stakeholders Group and as part of the Department of the Interior Abandoned Mine Lands Initiative. The results of these studies will provide useful information for determining water-quality standards in the basin.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs14897rev","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Southwestern Colorado Water Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Wright, W.G., 1997, Natural and mining-related sources of dissolved minerals during low flow in the Upper Animas River Basin, southwestern Colorado (Revised Edition, October 1997): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 148-97, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14897rev.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":34155,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0148/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":125299,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/0148/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Upper Animas River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.819996,37.748458 ], [ -107.819996,37.979928 ], [ -107.498474,37.979928 ], [ -107.498474,37.748458 ], [ -107.819996,37.748458 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Revised Edition, October 1997","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48afe4b07f02db52f2ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Winfield G.","contributorId":27044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Winfield","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25833,"text":"wri974106 - 1997 - Water-quality assessment of the Las Vegas Valley area and the Carson and Truckee River basins, Nevada and California: Nutrients, pesticides, and suspended sediment, October 1969-April 1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-08T19:28:26.137317","indexId":"wri974106","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4106","title":"Water-quality assessment of the Las Vegas Valley area and the Carson and Truckee River basins, Nevada and California: Nutrients, pesticides, and suspended sediment, October 1969-April 1990","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) is designed to provide long-term, consistent information on water quality that can be used to describe local, regional, and national conditions. The full-scale NAWQA Program, initiated in 1991, includes both study-unit and national synthesis activities. Study-unit investigations provide scientific data and interpretations that will be integrated by national synthesis studies to assess the quality of the Nation's water resources. The Nevada Basin and Range (NVBR) study unit is one of 60 proposed NAWQA study units in the United States. These riverbasin-scale areas were selected to represent large proportions of the Nation's water use and population served by public supplies, and the Nation's geographic diversity.

The NVBR study unit includes the Las Vegas Valley area, approximately 1,640 mi in southern Nevada, and the Carson River Basin (3,970 mi2) and Truckee River Basin (3,230 mi2) in northwestern Nevada and northeastern California. The areas are typical of Basin and Range physiography. Snowfall in high mountains provides streamflow and ground-water recharge in adjacent basins. Unconsolidated basin-fill deposits commonly exceed 1,000 ft in thickness and are principal aquifers in the study unit. The study-unit climate varies from humid continental in the Sierra Nevada where the Carson and Truckee Rivers originate (annual precipitation exceeds 30 in.) to desert in terminal parts of the basins, including the Carson Desert and lower altitudes in Las Vegas Valley, where annual precipitation is less than 5 in.

In 1990, Nevada had the greatest population growth rate and the fourth greatest percentage of population residing in urban areas in the Nation. More than 90 percent of Nevada's population (about 1,090,000 in 1990) resided in the study unit; the Las Vegas Valley area (about 710,000) was the most populous area. In 1990, water use in the study unit was about 1,117,000 acre-ft. Water use in the Las Vegas Valley area was about 317,000 acre-ft; 91 percent was for public supplies. Las Vegas Valley was 79 percent range land, but the 5 percent urban land use has significantly affected water resources. Water use in the Carson River Basin was 538,000 acre-ft in 1990. About 95 percent of the water was used for irrigation, although only 5 percent of the land was used for irrigated agriculture. Water use in the Truckee River Basin was 262,000 acre-ft in 1990. Public supply used about 36 percent of the water, although only 3 percent of the land was urban.

Nutrients, pesticides, and suspended sediments are important water-quality issues in the study unit. Urban runoff and treated sewage effluent contribute these constituents to Las Vegas Wash and the Truckee River. Urban and agricultural activities in the Carson and Truckee River Basins are also sources of these constituents.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974106","collaboration":"A product of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program -- Nevada Basin and Range","usgsCitation":"Kilroy, K.C., Lawrence, S.J., Lico, M.S., Bevans, H.E., and Watkins, S.A., 1997, Water-quality assessment of the Las Vegas Valley area and the Carson and Truckee River basins, Nevada and California: Nutrients, pesticides, and suspended sediment, October 1969-April 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4106, Report: xi, 144 p.; 2 Plates: 21.00 x 24.30 inches and 37.00 x 47.70 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974106.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 144 p.; 2 Plates: 21.00 x 24.30 inches and 37.00 x 47.70 inches","costCenters":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158521,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4106/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54581,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4106/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":365698,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4106/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":365699,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4106/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":410069,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48728.htm","text":"Carson and Truckee River Basins]","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465896,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48729.htm","text":"Las Vegas Valley area","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Carson River Basin, Truckee River Basin, Las Vegas Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.75,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -114.5,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -114.5,\n 36.75\n ],\n [\n -115.75,\n 36.75\n ],\n [\n -115.75,\n 35.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.5,\n 38.25\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 38.25\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -120.5,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -120.5,\n 38.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6e61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kilroy, Kathryn C.","contributorId":102871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilroy","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lawrence, Stephen J. slawrenc@usgs.gov","contributorId":1885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Stephen","email":"slawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lico, Michael S.","contributorId":75897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lico","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bevans, Hugh E.","contributorId":11589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bevans","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Watkins, Sharon A.","contributorId":93880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watkins","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":24848,"text":"ofr9735 - 1997 - Pollen and geochronological data from South Florida; Taylor Creek Site 2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T17:46:38.891948","indexId":"ofr9735","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-31T21:55:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-35","displayTitle":"Pollen and Geochronological Data from South Florida: Taylor Creek Site 2","title":"Pollen and geochronological data from South Florida; Taylor Creek Site 2","docAbstract":"Many recent changes in plant and animal communities of the Everglades have been attributed to human alteration of the environment, such as changes in the hydrologic regime and increased agricultural activity, but cause-and-effect relationships between environmental and biotic changes have not been documented scientifically. This report on pollen and geochronological evidence from cores collected along Taylor Creek is the first of a series documenting the biotic history of a series of sites in southern Florida. \r\nPollen and geochronology were analyzed from two cores collected at site 2 along Taylor Creek, one short core (35 cm long) to provide high-resolution data and one long core (98 cm long) to provide a record of the last few millenia. Analysis of pollen assemblages from these cores indicate that marsh and slough vegetation, primarily sawgrass with some incursions by cattails, dominated the area for most of the last two millenia, until about 1950-1960. At that point, sawgrass pollen declined to lower abundances than recorded elsewhere in the core, and tree pollen became much more abundant in the cores. This change reflects the vegetational response to alterations in the hydrologic system throughout much of the last century.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr9735","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Willard, D., and Holmes, C.W., 1997, Pollen and geochronological data from South Florida; Taylor Creek Site 2: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-35, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9735.","productDescription":"29 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157140,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0035/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53847,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0035/ofr9735.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.60 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 97-35"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Taylor Creek Site 2","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.70693969726562,\n 25.19251511519153\n ],\n [\n -80.52703857421875,\n 25.19251511519153\n ],\n [\n -80.52703857421875,\n 25.30678678767568\n ],\n [\n -80.70693969726562,\n 25.30678678767568\n ],\n [\n -80.70693969726562,\n 25.19251511519153\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314

Contact Pubs Warehouse

","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db6845f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":85982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holmes, C. W.","contributorId":36076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70157208,"text":"70157208 - 1997 - Kandia: threatened forest, threatened livelihood - a study of human-environment interaction in the Department of Velingara, Senegal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:09:44","indexId":"70157208","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-31T18:30:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Kandia: threatened forest, threatened livelihood - a study of human-environment interaction in the Department of Velingara, Senegal","docAbstract":"

This case study is one of several carried out as part the Long-term Environmental Monitoring in Senegal Project. Co-financed by USAID and the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center (EDC), and implemented by EDC and the Centre de Suivi Ecologique (CSE), this project has carried out extensive monitoring of natural resources and land use patterns in Senegal in order to better understand the complex dynamics of change in semi-arid tropics. The monitoring, as carried out by EROS staff and their Senegalese collaborators, has involved use of information collected by remote sensing (satellite and aerial photographs) as well as extensive field work including the collection of physical information about soils, vegetation, land use practices, and biodiversity at 2 over 600 sites in all parts of the country (Tappan and Wood, 1995). This information provides a remarkable record of changes in physical and land cover parameters over the last 30 years. Figure 2 presents a satellite image of the eastern Kolda Region covering the Department of Velingara.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70157208","usgsCitation":"Freudenberger, K.S., and Tappan, G., 1997, Kandia: threatened forest, threatened livelihood - a study of human-environment interaction in the Department of Velingara, Senegal, iii, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70157208.","productDescription":"iii, 43 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70157208.jpg"},{"id":309558,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70157208/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Senegal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -15,\n 12\n ],\n [\n -15,\n 15\n ],\n [\n -12,\n 15\n ],\n [\n -12,\n 12\n ],\n [\n -15,\n 12\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f7efb9e4b05d6c4e4fa97b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freudenberger, Karen Schoonmaker","contributorId":147661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freudenberger","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"Schoonmaker","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tappan, G. Gray 0000-0002-2240-6963","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2240-6963","contributorId":147662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappan","given":"G. Gray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70206922,"text":"70206922 - 1997 - Use of a spatial decision support system for analysis of habitat use by wintering northern pintails","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-27T16:03:05","indexId":"70206922","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-31T15:15:58","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of a spatial decision support system for analysis of habitat use by wintering northern pintails","docAbstract":"

A multi-functional spatial decision support system (SDSS) was,developed at the spatial analysis branch Of the National Wetlands Research Center, and the wildlife analysis module of the system was used to study habitat use by wintering pintail. We instrumented female pintails at Catahoula Lake, Louisiana, in October of 1992-94 and located the instrumented birds weekly through the following March. Using the SDSS developed in an ARC/INFO geographical information system (GIS) - environment. We were able to visualize movements of instrumented pintails over varied environmental conditions and landscape features to determine habitat use. Weather data were used to determine factors important in the timing of movements. The analyses indicated that female pintails dispersed from Catahoula Lake, Louisiana, in three general patterns, based upon wetland conditions. Timing of movements coincided with periods of precipitation or disturbance, primarily hunting. Pintails which arrived at Catahoula Lake in October and November remained in the agricultural areas of Louisiana and Arkansas, with very limited movements to the coastal marshes or westward into the agricultural areas of Texas. Northward movements into Arkansas occurred whenever there was substantial rainfall in the agricultural regions, and northward movements generally stopped at the frost-line. No differences in adult or juvenile female movement patterns were apparent.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Effect of habitat loss and change on waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"10th International Waterfowl Ecology Symposium","conferenceDate":"September 18-21, 1995","conferenceLocation":"Portugal","language":"English","publisher":"The Stationery Office","usgsCitation":"Jeske, C.W., Ji, W., Chadwick, P.C., Norling, W., and Finley, M., 1997, Use of a spatial decision support system for analysis of habitat use by wintering northern pintails, in Effect of habitat loss and change on waterbirds, Portugal, September 18-21, 1995, p. 83-85.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"85","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":369748,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/4132/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Catahoula Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.21992492675781,\n 31.43510788139414\n ],\n [\n -92.03590393066406,\n 31.43510788139414\n ],\n [\n -92.03590393066406,\n 31.573855555238104\n ],\n [\n -92.21992492675781,\n 31.573855555238104\n ],\n [\n -92.21992492675781,\n 31.43510788139414\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jeske, Clinton W. jeskec@usgs.gov","contributorId":2982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeske","given":"Clinton","email":"jeskec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":776264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ji, W.","contributorId":40381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chadwick, Paul C.","contributorId":34791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chadwick","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Norling, W.","contributorId":76684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norling","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finley, M. C.","contributorId":220944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finley","given":"M. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70216723,"text":"70216723 - 1997 - Initiation of debris flows in tributaries of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-02T17:19:20.531856","indexId":"70216723","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-31T11:14:33","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Initiation of debris flows in tributaries of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona","docAbstract":"

Debris flows are initiated in tributaries of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon when intense rainfall causes failures in colluvium and (or) bedrock. Most debris flows occur in the summer during localized convective thunderstorms with rainfall intensities as high as 40 mm/hr. Rarer and larger debris flows occur during unusually warm frontal storms in winter. Hourly precipitation data suggest that storms that cause debris flows terminate with a period of intense rainfall, a characteristic that complicates the use of daily rainfall records in assessing debris-flow hazard. Recurrence intervals for 1-day rainfall associated with 37 recent debris flows range from <1 to >50 years, with most <10 years. Recurrence intervals for the multi-day rainfall of storms associated with debris flows range from <1 to 158 years, but most were >10 years. The low recurrence intervals of debris-flow producing rainfalls, compared with the 10-50 yr recurrence intervals for most debris flows, underscores the co-dependence of debris-flow initiation on geologic factors, including bedrock type and antecedent soil-moisture conditions. The primary geologic factor influencing debris-flow initiation in Grand Canyon is the exposure of shale units at heights >100 m above the river. Exposed shale bedrock fails readily, either producing debris flows directly or contributing source material to wedges of colluvium that may fail later. Shales also provide silt- and clay-size particles that in part determine the rheological properties of debris flows.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 1st international conference on debris-flow hazards mitigation: Mechanics, prediction, and assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment","conferenceDate":"Aug 7-9, 1997","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","usgsCitation":"Griffiths, P.G., Webb, R., and Melis, T., 1997, Initiation of debris flows in tributaries of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, in Proceedings of the 1997 1st international conference on debris-flow hazards mitigation: Mechanics, prediction, and assessment, San Francisco, CA, Aug 7-9, 1997, p. 12-20.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"20","costCenters":[{"id":49157,"text":"Rocky Mountain Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380929,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.0380859375,\n 35.53222622770337\n ],\n [\n -110.45654296875,\n 35.53222622770337\n ],\n [\n -110.45654296875,\n 37.03763967977139\n ],\n [\n -114.0380859375,\n 37.03763967977139\n ],\n [\n -114.0380859375,\n 35.53222622770337\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffiths, Peter G. 0000-0002-8663-8907 pggriffi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-8907","contributorId":187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffiths","given":"Peter","email":"pggriffi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":805987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Robert rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":187755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":805988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Melis, Theodore S. 0000-0003-0473-3968 tmelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0473-3968","contributorId":1829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melis","given":"Theodore S.","email":"tmelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70206379,"text":"70206379 - 1997 - Cross‐hole radar attenuation tomography using a frequency centroid down‐shift method: Consideration of non‐linear frequency dependence of EM wave attenuation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-31T10:53:58","indexId":"70206379","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-31T10:45:46","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Cross‐hole radar attenuation tomography using a frequency centroid down‐shift method: Consideration of non‐linear frequency dependence of EM wave attenuation","docAbstract":"

This paper presents a cross-hole radar attenuation tomography method based on analysis of the down-shift in the spectrum centroid frequency, and spectral broadening of the received radar signals. The method uses a parameter that combines centroid frequency down shift and variance increase for the projection function to construct the tomography algorithm. In comparison with other methods for estimating attenuation, the frequency down shift method is relatively insensitive to the effects of geometric spreading, antenna coupling, antenna radiation pattern,and instrument response, but the method requires the data to be broad-band so the frequency shift is easily measured. This method is well suited for difference tomography when electrically conductive tracers are used. The method was tested using cross-hole radar data acquired before and during a saline tracer injection experiment at the U.S.Geological Survey’s Fractured Rock Research Site at Mirror Lake, in Grafton County, New Hampshire. The attenuation-difference tomogram clearly outlines the location of the saline tracer within the tomography plane.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"SEG technical program expanded abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists International Exposition and Sixty-Seventh Annual Meeting,","conferenceDate":"November 2-7, 1997","conferenceLocation":"Dallas, TX","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","usgsCitation":"Liu, L., Zhou, C., Lane, J., and Haeni, F., 1997, Cross‐hole radar attenuation tomography using a frequency centroid down‐shift method: Consideration of non‐linear frequency dependence of EM wave attenuation, in SEG technical program expanded abstracts, Dallas, TX, November 2-7, 1997, p. 442-445.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"442","endPage":"445","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368814,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","county":"Grafton County","otherGeospatial":"Mirror Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.7026138305664,\n 43.9407373431014\n ],\n [\n -71.68905258178711,\n 43.9407373431014\n ],\n [\n -71.68905258178711,\n 43.94629935894505\n ],\n [\n -71.7026138305664,\n 43.94629935894505\n ],\n [\n -71.7026138305664,\n 43.9407373431014\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, Lanbo","contributorId":199850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Lanbo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6619,"text":"University of Connecticutt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhou, Chaoguang","contributorId":220151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhou","given":"Chaoguang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":210076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haeni, F.P.","contributorId":87105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeni","given":"F.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185699,"text":"70185699 - 1997 - Comparing nocturnal eddy covariance measurements to estimates of ecosystem respiration made by scaling chamber measurements at six coniferous boreal sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T19:32:47","indexId":"70185699","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing nocturnal eddy covariance measurements to estimates of ecosystem respiration made by scaling chamber measurements at six coniferous boreal sites","docAbstract":"

During the growing season, nighttime ecosystem respiration emits 30–100% of the daytime net photosynthetic uptake of carbon, and therefore measurements of rates and understanding of its control by the environment are important for understanding net ecosystem exchange. Ecosystem respiration can be measured at night by eddy covariance methods, but the data may not be reliable because of low turbulence or other methodological problems. We used relationships between woody tissue, foliage, and soil respiration rates and temperature, with temperature records collected on site to estimate ecosystem respiration rates at six coniferous BOREAS sites at half-hour or 1-hour intervals, and then compared these estimates to nocturnal measurements of CO2 exchange by eddy covariance. Soil surface respiration was the largest source of CO2 at all sites (48–71%), and foliar respiration made a large contribution to ecosystem respiration at all sites (25–43%). Woody tissue respiration contributed only 5–15% to ecosystem respiration. We estimated error for the scaled chamber predictions of ecosystem respiration by using the uncertainty associated with each respiration parameter and respiring biomass value. There was substantial uncertainty in estimates of foliar and soil respiration because of the spatial variability of specific respiration rates. In addition, more attention needs to be paid to estimating foliar respiration during the early part of the growing season, when new foliage is growing, and to determining seasonal trends of soil surface respiration. Nocturnal eddy covariance measurements were poorly correlated to scaled chamber estimates of ecosystem respiration (r2=0.06–0.27) and were consistently lower than scaled chamber predictions (by 27% on average for the six sites). The bias in eddy covariance estimates of ecosystem respiration will alter estimates of gross assimilation in the light and of net ecosystem exchange rates over extended periods.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/97JD01173","usgsCitation":"Lavigne, M., Ryan, M.G., Anderson, D., Baldocchi, D.D., Crill, P., Fitzjarrald, D., Goulden, M.L., Gower, S., Massheder, J., McCaughey, J., Rayment, M., and Striegl, R.G., 1997, Comparing nocturnal eddy covariance measurements to estimates of ecosystem respiration made by scaling chamber measurements at six coniferous boreal sites: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 102, no. D24, p. 28977-28985, https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD01173.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"28977","endPage":"28985","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/97jd01173","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":338429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"102","issue":"D24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58da253be4b0543bf7fda873","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lavigne, M.B.","contributorId":189900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lavigne","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryan, M. G.","contributorId":189901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, D.E.","contributorId":47320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baldocchi, D. D.","contributorId":99709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baldocchi","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crill, P.M.","contributorId":42723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crill","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fitzjarrald, D.R.","contributorId":189902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzjarrald","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Goulden, M. L.","contributorId":35095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goulden","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gower, S.T.","contributorId":28382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gower","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Massheder, J.M.","contributorId":18545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massheder","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McCaughey, J.H.","contributorId":189903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCaughey","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rayment, M.","contributorId":62762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rayment","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":686440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":5223328,"text":"5223328 - 1997 - New approaches to the analysis of population trends in land birds: Comment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T16:43:54.251679","indexId":"5223328","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T12:17:41","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New approaches to the analysis of population trends in land birds: Comment","docAbstract":"James et al. (1996, Ecology 77:13-27) used data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) to examine geographic variability in patterns of population change for 26 species of wood warblers. They emphasized the importance of evaluating nonlinear patterns of change in bird populations, proposed LOESS-based non-parametric and semi-parametric analyses of BBS data, and contrasted their results with other analyses, including those of Robbins et al. (1989, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 86: 7658-7662) and Peterjohn et al. (1995, Pages 3-39 in T. E. Martin and D. M. Finch, eds. Ecology and management of Neotropical migratory birds: a synthesis and review of critical issues. Oxford University Press, New York.). In this note, we briefly comment on some of the issues that arose from their analysis of BBS data, suggest a few aspects of the survey that should inspire caution in analysts, and review the differences between the LOESS-based procedures and other procedures (e.g., Link and Sauer 1994). We strongly discourage the use of James et al.'s completely non-parametric procedure, which fails to account for observer effects. Our comparisons of estimators adds to the evidence already present in the literature of the bias associated with omitting observer information in analyses of BBS data. Bias resulting from change in observer abilities should be a consideration in any analysis of BBS data.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[2632:NATTAO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Link, W.A., and Sauer, J.R., 1997, New approaches to the analysis of population trends in land birds: Comment: Ecology, v. 78, no. 8, p. 2632-2634, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[2632:NATTAO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"2632","endPage":"2634","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199772,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"78","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697793","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, William A. 0000-0002-9913-0256 wlink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":146920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"William","email":"wlink@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":338435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, John R. 0000-0002-4557-3019 jrsauer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":146917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":338436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29374,"text":"wri974071 - 1997 - Relations of Tualatin River water temperatures to natural and human-caused factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-17T20:31:22.26354","indexId":"wri974071","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4071","title":"Relations of Tualatin River water temperatures to natural and human-caused factors","docAbstract":"

Aquatic research has long shown that the survival of cold-water fish, such as salmon and trout, decreases markedly as water temperatures increase above a critical threshold, particularly during sensitive life stages of the fish. In an effort to improve the overall health of aquatic ecosystems, the State of Oregon in 1996 adopted a maximum water-temperature standard of 17.8 degrees Celsius (68 degrees Fahrenheit), based on a 7-day moving average of daily maximum temperatures, for most water bodies in the State. Anthropogenic activities are not permitted to raise the temperature of a water body above this level. In the Tualatin River, a tributary of the Willamette River located in northwestern Oregon, water temperatures periodically surpass this threshold during the low-flow summer and fall months.An investigation by the U.S. Geological Survey quantified existing seasonal, diel, and spatial patterns of water temperatures in the main stem of the river, assessed the relation of water temperatures to natural climatic conditions and anthropogenic factors (such as wastewater-treatment-plant effluent and modification of riparian shading), and assessed the impact of various flow management practices on stream temperatures. Half-hourly temperature measurements were recorded at 13 monitoring sites from river mile (RM) 63.9 to RM 3.4 from May to November of 1994. Four synoptic water- temperature surveys also were conducted in the upstream and downstream vicinities of two wastewater-treatment-plant outfalls. Temperature and streamflow time-series data were used to calibrate two dynamic-flow heat-transfer models, DAFLOW-BLTM (RM 63.9-38.4) and CE-QUAL-W2 (RM 38.4-3.4). Simulations from the models provided a basis for approximating 'natural' historical temperature patterns, performing effluent and riparian-shading sensitivity analyses, and evaluating mitigation management scenarios under 1994 climatic conditions. Findings from the investigation included (1) under 'natural' conditions the temperature of the river would exceed the State standard of 17.8 degrees Celsius at many locations during the low-flow season, (2) current operation of wastewater-treatment plants increases the temperature of the river downstream of the plants under low-flow conditions, (3) river temperature is significantly affected by riparian shade variations along both the tributaries and the main stem, (4) flow releases during the low-flow season from the Henry Hagg Lake reservoir decrease the river temperature in the upper section, and (5) removal of a low diversion dam at RM 3.4 would slightly decrease temperatures below RM 10.0.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","doi":"10.3133/wri974071","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Unified Sewerage Agency of Washington County, Oregon","usgsCitation":"Risley, J.C., 1997, Relations of Tualatin River water temperatures to natural and human-caused factors: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4071, ix, 143 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974071.","productDescription":"ix, 143 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":58220,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4071/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":159840,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4071/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Tualatin River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.35861206054686,\n 45.3386325573467\n ],\n [\n -123.35861206054686,\n 45.64188792039229\n ],\n [\n -122.61291503906249,\n 45.64188792039229\n ],\n [\n -122.61291503906249,\n 45.3386325573467\n ],\n [\n -123.35861206054686,\n 45.3386325573467\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c1dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risley, John C. 0000-0002-8206-5443 jrisley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-5443","contributorId":2698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risley","given":"John","email":"jrisley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24300,"text":"ofr97574 - 1997 - Digital-map grids of mean-annual precipitation for 1961-90, and generalized skew coefficients of annual maximum streamflow for Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:01","indexId":"ofr97574","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-574","title":"Digital-map grids of mean-annual precipitation for 1961-90, and generalized skew coefficients of annual maximum streamflow for Oklahoma","docAbstract":"This digital report contains two digital-map grids of data that were used to develop peak-flow regression equations in Tortorelli, 1997, 'Techniques for estimating peak-streamflow frequency for unregulated streams and streams regulated by small floodwater retarding structures in Oklahoma,' U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4202. One data set is a grid of mean annual precipitation, in inches, based on the period 1961-90, for Oklahoma. The data set was derived from the PRISM (Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model) mean annual precipitation grid for the United States, developed by Daly, Neilson, and Phillips (1994, 'A statistical-topographic model for mapping climatological precipitation over mountainous terrain:' Journal of Applied Meteorology, v. 33, no. 2, p. 140-158).\r\nThe second data set is a grid of generalized skew coefficients of logarithms of annual maximum streamflow for Oklahoma streams less than or equal to 2,510 square miles in drainage area. This grid of skew coefficients is taken from figure 11 of Tortorelli and Bergman, 1985, 'Techniques for estimating flood peak discharges for unregulated streams and streams regulated by small floodwater retarding structures in Oklahoma,' U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4358. To save disk space, the skew coefficient values have been multiplied by 100 and rounded to integers with two significant digits. The data sets are provided in an ASCII grid format.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr97574","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Rea, A.H., and Tortorelli, R.L., 1997, Digital-map grids of mean-annual precipitation for 1961-90, and generalized skew coefficients of annual maximum streamflow for Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-574, 1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97574.","productDescription":"1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1675,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr97-574","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ae08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rea, A. H.","contributorId":58301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rea","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tortorelli, R. L.","contributorId":105755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tortorelli","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24275,"text":"ofr97112 - 1997 - Precipitation-chemistry data at selected sites in northwestern Colorado, 1980-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:00","indexId":"ofr97112","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-112","title":"Precipitation-chemistry data at selected sites in northwestern Colorado, 1980-94","docAbstract":"The chemical content of precipitation was monitored during the period 1980-94 at three sites at altitudes above 2,400 meters near the Piceance Basin in northwestern Colorado. Daily precipitation volumes, specific conductance, pH (in this report pH is expressed as hydrogen-ion concentration), concentrations of major cations and anions, calculated charge balance between cations and anions, and summary statistics of chemical concentrations are tabulated. Sampling sites are plotted on a map of the area. Seasonal variabilities of major cation and anion concentrations are presented graphically.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97112","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Ranalli, A., 1997, Precipitation-chemistry data at selected sites in northwestern Colorado, 1980-94: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-112, iii, 83 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97112.","productDescription":"iii, 83 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0112/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53397,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0112/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b08e4b07f02db69ba5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ranalli, A.J.","contributorId":25189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ranalli","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22731,"text":"ofr9713 - 1997 - Hydraulic analysis of U.S. Highway 75 crossing of the Fall River at Neodesha, Southeast Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:07","indexId":"ofr9713","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-13","title":"Hydraulic analysis of U.S. Highway 75 crossing of the Fall River at Neodesha, Southeast Kansas","docAbstract":"A hydraulic analysis of the Fall River inthe vicinity of the existing U.S. Highway 75 crossing at Neodesha, southeast Kansas, was conducted using a combination of step-backwater (WSPRO) and culvert (CAP) analysis program. Hydraulic data for these programs were determined fromonsite inspections and surveys, and from previously conducted Flood Insurance Studies (FIS).Discharge values with their appropriate recurrence intervals also were obtained fromthe previous FIS. The computation of water-surface elevations using step-backwater and culvert analyses indicate that free flow occurs through all drainage structures for all discharges equal to or less than those having a 100-year recurrence interval (400,000 cubic feet per second_ an the water-surface elevations are lower than the lowest point on the roadway. The total capacity of the three drainage-structure openings is sufficient at the 500-year recurrence- interval discharge (55,000 cubic feet per second) to prevent flow over the roadway. Flow over the roadway begins when total discharge exceeds about 58,000 cubic feet per second.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr9713","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Clement, R., and Perry, C.A., 1997, Hydraulic analysis of U.S. Highway 75 crossing of the Fall River at Neodesha, Southeast Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-13, iv, 15 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9713.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0013/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52179,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0013/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a494","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clement, R.W.","contributorId":11247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clement","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perry, C. A.","contributorId":106149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24940,"text":"ofr97163 - 1997 - Preliminary geologic map of the San Fernando 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-05T21:36:44.11685","indexId":"ofr97163","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-163","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the San Fernando 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database","docAbstract":"The city of San Fernando sits atop a structurally complex, sedimentologically diverse, and tectonically evolving late Tertiary-Quaternary basin situated within the Transverse Ranges of southern California. The surrounding San Fernando Valley (SFV) contains the headwaters of the Los Angeles River and its tributaries. Prior to the advent of flood control, the valley floor was composed of active alluvial fans and floodplains. Seasonal streams emanating from Pacoima and Big Tujunga Canyons drain the complex western San Gabriel Mountains and deposit coarse, highly permeable alluvium that contains generally high-quality ground water. The more shallow western part derives mainly from Tertiary and pre-Tertiary sedimentary rocks, and is underlain by less permeable, fine-grained deposits containing persistent shallow ground water and poorer water quality. Home of the 1971 San Fernando and the 1994 Northridge earthquakes, the SFV experienced near-record levels of strong ground motion in 1994 that caused widespread damage from strong shaking and ground failure. \r\n\r\nA new map of late Quaternary deposits of the San Fernando area shows that the SFV is a structural trough that has been filled from the sides, with the major source of sediment being large drainages in the San Gabriel Mountains. Deposition on the major alluvial fan of Tujunga Wash and Pacoima Wash, which issues from the San Gabriel Mountains, and on smaller fans, has been influenced by ongoing compressional tectonics in the valley. Late Pleistocene deposits have been cut by active faults and warped over growing folds. Holocene alluvial fans are locally ponded behind active uplifts. The resulting complex pattern of deposits has a major effect on liquefaction hazards. Young sandy sediments generally are highly susceptible to liquefaction where they are saturated, but the distribution of young deposits, their grain size characteristics, and the level of ground water all are complexly dependent on the tectonics of the valley. \r\n\r\nThe San Fernando area lies on the southern slopes of the San Gabriel Mountains. The basement rocks here include high-grade metamorphic rocks of Precambrian age. The mountains are largely composed of crystalline basement that includes the Pelona Scist of probable Mesozoic age that has been overthrust by Precambrian gneisses; the gneisses were subsequently intruded by Mesozoic plutons prior to overthrusting along the latest Cretaceous Vincent thrust. Gneisses of somewhat variable composition and possibly varying ages are found in four terranes, but not all are in contact with Pelona Schist. Large tracts of Precambrian (1.2 billion years old) andesine anorthosite are intrusive into 1.7 billion year-old Mendenhall gneiss, and are found in the western part of the San Gabriels. Mixed with these are younger marble, limestone, and schist of possible Paleozoic age found in association with plutons along the southern margin of the range. The older rocks are intruded by diorite, quartz diorite, and granodiorite of Jurassic age. Also present are siliceous sedimentary rocks of Jurassic age. \r\n\r\nA thick section of Tertiary sedimentary and volcanic rocks overlie these units. The sediments located south of the San Gabriel Fault are totally different in character from those on the northern range flank, and mostly resemble the western Transverse Ranges due to their deposition in the southeastern Ventura basin; approximately 3,000 m of these sediments are exposed north and west of the city of San Fernando in the Tujunga syncline. Some of the Tertiary rocks are Paleocene and Eocene in age, but the bulk of these rocks are Oligocene and Miocene in age. The Vasquez and Sespe Formations of basal basaltic volcanic and sandstone are Oligocene and lower Miocene in age. These are overlain by clastic rocks of Tick Canyon and Mint Canyon Formations of middle to late Miocene age. Above these rocks are the Castaic, Modelo, and Santa Margarita Formations of fossiliferous marine shale, sand","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97163","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R., 1997, Preliminary geologic map of the San Fernando 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-163, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97163.","productDescription":"HTML Document","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":53907,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0163/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":13132,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/of97-163/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":403021,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22977.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":157557,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0163/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Fernando 7.5' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.5,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -118.375,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -118.375,\n 34.375\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 34.375\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 34.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e6c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R.F.","contributorId":105752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23708,"text":"ofr97118 - 1997 - Comparison of two methods for estimating discharge and nutrient loads from Tidally affected reaches of the Myakka and Peace Rivers, West-Central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:10","indexId":"ofr97118","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-118","title":"Comparison of two methods for estimating discharge and nutrient loads from Tidally affected reaches of the Myakka and Peace Rivers, West-Central Florida","docAbstract":"The Myakka and Peace River Basins constitute more than 60 percent of the total inflow area and contribute more than half the total tributary inflow to the Charlotte Harbor estuarine system. Water discharge and nutrient enrichment have been identified as significant concerns in the estuary, and consequently, it is important to accurately estimate the magnitude of discharges and nutrient loads transported by inflows from both rivers. \rTwo methods for estimating discharge and nutrient loads from tidally affected reaches of the Myakka and Peace Rivers were compared. The first method was a tidal-estimation method, in which discharge and nutrient loads were estimated based on stage, water-velocity, discharge, and water-quality data collected near the mouths of the rivers. The second method was a traditional basin-ratio method in which discharge and nutrient loads at the mouths were estimated from discharge and loads measured at upstream stations. \rStage and water-velocity data were collected near the river mouths by submersible instruments, deployed in situ, and discharge measurements were made with an acoustic Doppler current profiler. The data collected near the mouths of the Myakka River and Peace River were filtered, using a low-pass filter, to remove daily mixed-tide effects with periods less than about 2 days. The filtered data from near the river mouths were used to calculate daily mean discharge and nutrient loads. These tidal-estimation-method values were then compared to the basin-ratio-method values. Four separate 30-day periods of differing streamflow conditions were chosen for monitoring and comparison. \rDischarge and nutrient load estimates computed from the tidal-estimation and basin-ratio methods were most similar during high-flow periods. However, during high flow, the values computed from the tidal-estimation method for the Myakka and Peace Rivers were consistently lower than the values computed from the basin-ratio method. There were substantial differences between discharges and nutrient loads computed from the tidal-estimation and basin-ratio methods during low-flow periods. Furthermore, the differences between the methods were not consistent. Discharges and nutrient loads computed from the tidal-estimation method for the Myakka River were higher than those computed from the basin-ratio method, whereas discharges and nutrients loads computed by the tidal-estimation method for the Peace River were not only lower than those computed from the basin-ratio method, but they actually reflected a negative, or upstream, net movement. Short-term tidal measurement results should be used with caution, because antecedent conditions can influence the discharge and nutrient loads. Continuous tidal data collected over a 1- or 2-year period would be necessary to more accurately estimate the tidally affected discharge and nutrient loads for the Myakka and Peace River Basins. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97118","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Levesque, V., and Hammett, K., 1997, Comparison of two methods for estimating discharge and nutrient loads from Tidally affected reaches of the Myakka and Peace Rivers, West-Central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-118, iv, 26 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97118.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1715,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr97-118/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6ab643","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levesque, V.A.","contributorId":56268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levesque","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammett, K.M.","contributorId":59006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammett","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24929,"text":"ofr97166 - 1997 - Preliminary geologic map of the Burbank 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-09T11:12:25.315793","indexId":"ofr97166","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-166","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Burbank 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database","docAbstract":"

This Open-File report is a digital geologic map database. This pamphlet serves to introduce and describe the digital data. There is no paper map included in the Open-File report.

\n
\n

This digital map database is compiled from previously published sources combined with some new mapping and modifications in nomenclature. The geologic map database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U. S. Geological Survey. For detailed descriptions of the units, their stratigraphic relations, sources of geologic mapping, and data on exploratory wells consult Yerkes (1996), and Yerkes and Showalter (1990). More specific information about the units may be available in the original sources.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97166","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R., 1997, Preliminary geologic map of the Burbank 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-166, Readme: TXT; Readme: PDF, 11p.; Complete digital package; Geology; Structure; Wells; Composite base map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97166.","productDescription":"Readme: TXT; Readme: PDF, 11p.; Complete digital package; Geology; Structure; Wells; Composite base map","numberOfPages":"11","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284243,"rank":7,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr97166.jpg"},{"id":1900,"rank":8,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0166/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156880,"rank":1,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0166/pdf/of97-166.pdf"},{"id":53899,"rank":9,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0166/burbnk.txt","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":284238,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0166/burbnk.tar.gz"},{"id":284239,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0166/bu-geol.e00.gz"},{"id":284240,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0166/bu-strc.e00.gz"},{"id":284241,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0166/bu-pts.e00.gz"},{"id":284242,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0166/bu-topo.e00.gz"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.375,34.125 ], [ -118.375,34.25 ], [ -118.25,34.25 ], [ -118.25,34.125 ], [ -118.375,34.125 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bc96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R.F.","contributorId":105752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24934,"text":"ofr97164 - 1997 - Preliminary geologic map of the Mint Canyon 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-09T11:14:54.341105","indexId":"ofr97164","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-164","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Mint Canyon 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database","docAbstract":"

This Open-File report is a digital geologic map database. This pamphlet serves to introduce and describe the digital data. There is no paper map included in the Open-File report.

\n
\n

This digital map database is compiled from previously published sources combined with some new mapping and modifications in nomenclature. The geologic map database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U. S. Geological Survey. For detailed descriptions of the units, their stratigraphic relations, sources of geologic mapping, and data on exploratory wells consult Yerkes (1996), and Yerkes and Showalter (1990). More specific information about the units may be available in the original sources.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97164","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R., 1997, Preliminary geologic map of the Mint Canyon 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-164, Readme: TXT; Readme: PDF, 11 p.; Complete digital package; Geology; Structure; Wells; Composite base map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97164.","productDescription":"Readme: TXT; Readme: PDF, 11 p.; Complete digital package; Geology; Structure; Wells; Composite base map","numberOfPages":"11","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284229,"rank":7,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr97164.jpg"},{"id":1904,"rank":8,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156884,"rank":1,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/pdf/of97-164.pdf"},{"id":53903,"rank":9,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/mint.txt","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":284224,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/mint.tar.gz"},{"id":284225,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/mn-geol.e00.gz"},{"id":284226,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/mn-strc.e00.gz"},{"id":284227,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/mn-wells.e00.gz"},{"id":284228,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/mn-topo.e00.gz"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.5,34.375 ], [ -118.5,34.5 ], [ -118.375,34.5 ], [ -118.375,34.375 ], [ -118.5,34.375 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b052","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R.F.","contributorId":105752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24873,"text":"ofr97173 - 1997 - Whole-rock and mineral chemical compositional data for lower crustal and upper mantle xenoliths from the Cima volcanic field, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:24","indexId":"ofr97173","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-173","title":"Whole-rock and mineral chemical compositional data for lower crustal and upper mantle xenoliths from the Cima volcanic field, San Bernardino County, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr97173","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Wilshire, H.G., and Mukasa, S., 1997, Whole-rock and mineral chemical compositional data for lower crustal and upper mantle xenoliths from the Cima volcanic field, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-173, 15 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97173.","productDescription":"15 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0173/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53865,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0173/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f03d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilshire, H. 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The study area includes parts of Greer, Harmon, and Jackson counties in Oklahoma and parts of Childress, Collingsworth, Hall, Hardeman, and Wilbarger counties in Texas. The Blaine aquifer consists of cavernous gypsum and dolomite beds. Water from the Blaine aquifer supports a local agriculture based mainly on irrigated cotton and wheat. The purpose of the study was to determine the availability, quantity, and quality of ground water from the Blaine aquifer and associated units. This report provides a reference for some of the data that was used as input into a computer ground-water flow model that simulates ground-water flow in the Blaine aquifer. The data in this report consists of: (1) Monthly or periodic water-level measurements in 134 wells; (2) daily mean water-level measurements for 11 wells equipped with water-level recorders; (3) daily total precipitation measurements from five precipitation gages; (4) low-flow stream-discharge measurements for 89 stream sites; (5) miscellaneous stream-discharge measurements at seven stream sites; (6) chemical analyses of surface water from 78 stream sites during low-flow periods; (7) chemical analyses of ground water from 41 wells; and (8) chemical analyses of runoff water collected at five sites.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr9750","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Runkle, D., Bergman, D.L., and Fabian, R., 1997, Hydrogeologic data for the Blaine aquifer and associated units in southwestern Oklahoma and northwestern Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-50, viii, 213 p. 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L.","contributorId":93038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fabian, R.S.","contributorId":70425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fabian","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":21682,"text":"ofr97168 - 1997 - Alaska resource data file: Cold Bay quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-19T20:52:38.737107","indexId":"ofr97168","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-168","title":"Alaska resource data file: Cold Bay quadrangle","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97168","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., 1997, Alaska resource data file: Cold Bay quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-168, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97168.","productDescription":"17 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1290,"rank":4,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":154901,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0168/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51225,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0168/ofr97168.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":403946,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_37193.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cold Bay quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -164,\n 55\n ],\n [\n -162,\n 55\n ],\n [\n -162,\n 56\n ],\n [\n -164,\n 56\n ],\n [\n -164,\n 55\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688e2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}