{"pageNumber":"1255","pageRowStart":"31350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165309,"records":[{"id":70173690,"text":"70173690 - 2014 - What predicts support for antler point restrictions?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T14:32:01","indexId":"70173690","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1910,"text":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What predicts support for antler point restrictions?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Although considerable research has focused on satisfaction with recreation experiences, limited work has examined factors related to regulatory support. In 2005, an antler point restriction (APR) regulation was introduced for hunting white-tailed deer (</span><i>Odocoileus virginianus</i><span>) in Minnesota&rsquo;s Itasca State Park. Hunter surveys were conducted following the 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2009 seasons. We modeled how (a) satisfaction with the deer seen, (b) type of deer pursued, (c) agency trust, and (d) years of deer-hunting experience, influenced support for the APR, and compared the model over the four survey years. Type of deer pursued and agency trust were the strongest predictors of APR support, followed by satisfaction with deer seen, and years of hunting experience. Hunters who targeted big bucks, had more trust in the agency, and expressed more satisfaction with deer seen in the field, were more supportive of the APR. Hunters who had more deer-hunting experience were less supportive.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/10871209.2014.915598","usgsCitation":"Schroeder, S., Cornicelli, L., Fulton, D.C., and Grund, M.D., 2014, What predicts support for antler point restrictions?: Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal, v. 19, no. 4, p. 301-318, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2014.915598.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"318","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052833","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f066e4b04f417c24dd4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroeder, Susan A.","contributorId":78235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Susan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cornicelli, Louis","contributorId":168400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cornicelli","given":"Louis","affiliations":[{"id":6964,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fulton, David C. 0000-0001-5763-7887 dcf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":2208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"dcf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grund, Marrett D.","contributorId":171467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grund","given":"Marrett","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70096755,"text":"70096755 - 2014 - 2014 update of the U.S. national seismic hazard maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-01T11:55:47","indexId":"70096755","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"2014 update of the U.S. national seismic hazard maps","docAbstract":"<p>We held 8 regional and topical workshops across the U.S. to gather information for these maps. The maps were available to the public for comment during a 60-day period. A Steering Committee (9 experts) was assembled to review the inputs and results and provide additional insights. The maps have been presented at several professional meetings.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>In this talk we discuss:</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>(1) CEUS, (2) WUS (outside California), (3) California, (4) Ground motion models</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>We discuss the hazard maps and hazard curves used in the building code. The maps in this presentation are for 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years on a uniform firm rock site condition (V<sup>S30</sup>=760 m/s). Maps are for <strong>0.2 s (5 Hz)</strong> spectral acceleration with 5% damping.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>We consider difference maps (2014-2008) and ratio maps (2014/2008).</p>","conferenceTitle":"Tenth U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering","conferenceDate":"July 21-25, 2014","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","publisher":"USGS National Seismic Hazard Mapping Project","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.D., Moschetti, M.P., Powers, P.M., Mueller, C.S., Haller, K., Frankel, A.D., Zeng, Y., Rezaeian, S., Harmsen, S., Boyd, O.S., Field, E., Chen, R., Rukstales, K.S., Luco, N., Wheeler, R.L., and Olsen, A.H., 2014, 2014 update of the U.S. national seismic hazard maps, 17 p.","productDescription":"17 p.","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055466","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324742,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://10ncee.org/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53dc9bade4b076157862d950","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Mark D. 0000-0001-8542-3990 mpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-3990","contributorId":1163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Mark","email":"mpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powers, Peter M. pmpowers@usgs.gov","contributorId":4434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Peter","email":"pmpowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mueller, Charles S. 0000-0002-1868-9710 cmueller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1868-9710","contributorId":955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Charles","email":"cmueller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haller, Kathleen M. haller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haller","given":"Kathleen M.","email":"haller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Frankel, Arthur D. 0000-0001-9119-6106 afrankel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":1363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","email":"afrankel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zeng, Yuehua zeng@usgs.gov","contributorId":1623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Yuehua","email":"zeng@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rezaeian, Sanaz 0000-0001-7589-7893 srezaeian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-7893","contributorId":4395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rezaeian","given":"Sanaz","email":"srezaeian@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Harmsen, Stephen C. harmsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmsen","given":"Stephen C.","email":"harmsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Boyd, Oliver S. olboyd@usgs.gov","contributorId":956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"Oliver","email":"olboyd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Field, Edward H. 0000-0001-8172-7882 field@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-7882","contributorId":1165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Edward H.","email":"field@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Chen, R","contributorId":117684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"R","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Rukstales, Kenneth S. 0000-0003-2818-078X rukstales@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2818-078X","contributorId":775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rukstales","given":"Kenneth","email":"rukstales@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Luco, Nicolas 0000-0002-5763-9847 nluco@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-9847","contributorId":1188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"Nicolas","email":"nluco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wheeler, Russell L. wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Olsen, Anna H. aolsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":4703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Anna","email":"aolsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}}
,{"id":70173691,"text":"70173691 - 2014 - Legitimization of regulatory norms: Waterfowl hunter acceptance of changing duck bag limits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T14:28:21","indexId":"70173691","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1910,"text":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Legitimization of regulatory norms: Waterfowl hunter acceptance of changing duck bag limits","docAbstract":"<p><span>Few studies have examined response to regulatory change over time, or addressed hunter attitudes about changes in hunting bag limits. This article explores Minnesota waterfowl hunters&rsquo; attitudes about duck bag limits, examining attitudes about two state duck bag limits that were initially more restrictive than the maximum set by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), but then increased to match federal limits. Results are from four mail surveys that examined attitudes about bag limits over time. Following two bag limit increases, a greater proportion of hunters rated the new bag limit &ldquo;too high&rdquo; and a smaller proportion rated it &ldquo;too low.&rdquo; Several years following the first bag limit increase, the proportion of hunters who indicated that the limit was &ldquo;too high&rdquo; had declined, suggesting hunter acceptance of the new regulation. Results suggest that waterfowl bag limits may represent legal norms that influence hunter attitudes and gain legitimacy over time.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/10871209.2014.883557","usgsCitation":"Schroeder, S., Fulton, D.C., Lawrence, J.S., and Cordts, S.D., 2014, Legitimization of regulatory norms: Waterfowl hunter acceptance of changing duck bag limits: Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal, v. 19, no. 3, p. 234-252, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2014.883557.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"234","endPage":"252","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044865","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323186,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f037e4b04f417c24dab3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroeder, Susan A.","contributorId":78235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Susan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fulton, David C. 0000-0001-5763-7887 dcf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":2208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"dcf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawrence, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":171470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cordts, Steven D.","contributorId":171471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cordts","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70173754,"text":"70173754 - 2014 - Effect of hunter selectivity on harvest rates of radio-collared white-tailed deer in Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T21:10:09","indexId":"70173754","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of hunter selectivity on harvest rates of radio-collared white-tailed deer in Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p><span>Radio transmitters are a commonly used tool for monitoring the fates of harvested species, although little research has been devoted to whether a visible radio transmitter changes a hunters' willingness to harvest that animal. We initially surveyed deer hunters to assess their willingness to harvest radio-collared deer and predicted radio collars were unlikely to affect the harvest of antlerless deer, but hunters may be less willing to harvest small-antlered males with radio collars compared to large-antlered males. We fitted white-tailed deer (</span><i>Odocoileus virginianus</i><span>) with radio collars that were visible to hunters or with ear-tag transmitters or ear-tags that were difficult to detect visually and estimated if harvest rates differed among marking methods. For females, the best model failed to detect an effect of radio collars on harvest rates. Also, we failed to detect a difference between male deer fitted with radio collars and ear-tag transmitters. When we compared males fitted with radio collars versus ear tags, we found harvest rate patterns were opposite to our predictions, with lower harvest rates for adult males fitted with radio collars and higher harvest rates for yearling males fitted with radio collars. Our study suggests that harvest rate estimates generated from a sample of deer fitted with visible radio collars can be representative of the population of inference.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.779","usgsCitation":"Buderman, F.E., Diefenbach, D.R., Rosenberry, C., Wallingford, B.D., and Long, E.S., 2014, Effect of hunter selectivity on harvest rates of radio-collared white-tailed deer in Pennsylvania: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 78, no. 8, p. 1456-1465, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.779.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1456","endPage":"1465","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052595","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-79.916171,39.720893],[-80.075947,39.72135],[-80.421388,39.721189],[-80.519342,39.721403],[-80.519423,39.806181],[-80.518891,39.890964],[-80.519248,39.936967],[-80.51896,40.078089],[-80.519039,40.342101],[-80.517991,40.367968],[-80.51769,40.462467],[-80.51899,40.473667],[-80.519002,40.877543],[-80.519891,40.906661],[-80.519091,40.921061],[-80.518928,41.070954],[-80.519144,41.171203],[-80.518693,41.248855],[-80.518993,41.268155],[-80.518794,41.305509],[-80.519129,41.312408],[-80.519345,41.340145],[-80.518993,41.435454],[-80.519339,41.539297],[-80.519425,41.977522],[-80.435451,42.005611],[-80.409776,42.011578],[-80.373066,42.024102],[-80.371869,42.023966],[-80.363251,42.027973],[-80.349169,42.030243],[-80.329976,42.036168],[-80.296758,42.049076],[-80.230486,42.077957],[-80.188085,42.094257],[-80.165884,42.105857],[-80.154084,42.114757],[-80.136213,42.149937],[-80.13043,42.156331],[-80.117368,42.166341],[-80.088512,42.173184],[-80.077388,42.171262],[-80.073381,42.168658],[-80.080028,42.163625],[-80.071981,42.155357],[-80.078781,42.151457],[-80.076281,42.147857],[-80.07198,42.146057],[-80.06108,42.144857],[-79.989186,42.177051],[-79.931324,42.206737],[-79.923924,42.207546],[-79.90105,42.216701],[-79.886187,42.224933],[-79.867979,42.230999],[-79.844661,42.235486],[-79.798447,42.255939],[-79.761951,42.26986],[-79.762152,42.243054],[-79.761759,42.162675],[-79.762122,42.131246],[-79.761709,42.11899],[-79.761798,42.019042],[-79.761374,41.999067],[-79.670128,41.999335],[-79.472472,41.998255],[-79.249772,41.998807],[-79.17857,41.999458],[-79.061265,41.999259],[-78.983065,41.998949],[-78.874759,41.997559],[-78.749754,41.998109],[-78.59665,41.999877],[-78.308128,41.999415],[-78.271204,41.998968],[-78.12473,42.000452],[-78.031177,41.999415],[-77.997508,41.998758],[-77.83203,41.998524],[-77.505308,42.00007],[-77.124693,41.999395],[-77.063676,42.000461],[-76.920784,42.001774],[-76.749675,42.001689],[-76.558118,42.000155],[-76.462155,41.998934],[-76.343722,41.998346],[-76.131201,41.998954],[-75.98025,41.999035],[-75.870677,41.998828],[-75.742217,41.997864],[-75.610316,41.99896],[-75.359579,41.999445],[-75.353504,41.99711],[-75.346568,41.995324],[-75.341125,41.992772],[-75.337602,41.9867],[-75.337791,41.984386],[-75.34246,41.974303],[-75.342204,41.972872],[-75.339488,41.970786],[-75.335771,41.970315],[-75.329318,41.968232],[-75.322384,41.961693],[-75.32004,41.960867],[-75.318168,41.954236],[-75.312817,41.950182],[-75.310358,41.949012],[-75.303966,41.948216],[-75.301664,41.94838],[-75.301233,41.9489],[-75.301593,41.952811],[-75.300409,41.953871],[-75.29858,41.954521],[-75.293713,41.954593],[-75.29143,41.952477],[-75.291762,41.947092],[-75.290966,41.945039],[-75.289383,41.942891],[-75.279094,41.938917],[-75.277243,41.933598],[-75.276501,41.926679],[-75.276552,41.922208],[-75.275368,41.919564],[-75.269736,41.911363],[-75.267562,41.907054],[-75.267773,41.901971],[-75.272778,41.897112],[-75.272581,41.893168],[-75.271292,41.88736],[-75.267789,41.885982],[-75.263005,41.885109],[-75.260623,41.883783],[-75.257564,41.877108],[-75.258439,41.875087],[-75.261488,41.873277],[-75.263815,41.870757],[-75.263673,41.868105],[-75.262802,41.866213],[-75.260527,41.8638],[-75.257825,41.862154],[-75.251197,41.86204],[-75.248045,41.8633],[-75.243345,41.866875],[-75.241134,41.867118],[-75.238743,41.865699],[-75.234565,41.861569],[-75.231612,41.859459],[-75.22572,41.857481],[-75.223734,41.857456],[-75.220125,41.860534],[-75.21497,41.867449],[-75.209741,41.86925],[-75.204002,41.869867],[-75.197836,41.868807],[-75.194382,41.867287],[-75.191441,41.865063],[-75.190203,41.862454],[-75.188888,41.861264],[-75.186993,41.860109],[-75.185254,41.85993],[-75.183937,41.860515],[-75.182271,41.862198],[-75.180497,41.86568],[-75.179134,41.869935],[-75.176633,41.872371],[-75.174574,41.87266],[-75.170565,41.871608],[-75.169142,41.87029],[-75.168053,41.867043],[-75.168733,41.859258],[-75.166217,41.853862],[-75.164168,41.851586],[-75.161541,41.849836],[-75.156512,41.848327],[-75.152898,41.848564],[-75.143824,41.851737],[-75.140241,41.852078],[-75.130983,41.845145],[-75.127913,41.844903],[-75.118789,41.845819],[-75.115598,41.844638],[-75.114399,41.843583],[-75.113369,41.840698],[-75.113441,41.836298],[-75.114998,41.8303],[-75.115147,41.827285],[-75.114837,41.82567],[-75.113334,41.822782],[-75.100024,41.818347],[-75.093537,41.813375],[-75.089484,41.811576],[-75.085789,41.811626],[-75.079818,41.814815],[-75.078063,41.815112],[-75.074409,41.815088],[-75.072172,41.813732],[-75.071751,41.811901],[-75.072168,41.808327],[-75.074412,41.802191],[-75.076889,41.798509],[-75.07827,41.797467],[-75.081415,41.796483],[-75.088328,41.797534],[-75.092876,41.796386],[-75.101463,41.787941],[-75.102329,41.786503],[-75.103548,41.782008],[-75.10464,41.774203],[-75.104334,41.772693],[-75.103492,41.771238],[-75.10099,41.769121],[-75.095451,41.768366],[-75.09281,41.768361],[-75.079478,41.771205],[-75.075942,41.771518],[-75.074231,41.770518],[-75.072664,41.768807],[-75.068567,41.767298],[-75.064901,41.766686],[-75.060759,41.764638],[-75.053431,41.752538],[-75.052808,41.744725],[-75.054818,41.735168],[-75.053527,41.72715],[-75.049699,41.715093],[-75.049862,41.713309],[-75.050689,41.711969],[-75.052226,41.711396],[-75.061174,41.712935],[-75.06663,41.712588],[-75.068642,41.710146],[-75.06883,41.708161],[-75.067278,41.705434],[-75.059829,41.699716],[-75.056745,41.695703],[-75.052736,41.688393],[-75.051234,41.682439],[-75.051285,41.679961],[-75.052653,41.678436],[-75.058765,41.674412],[-75.059332,41.67232],[-75.05843,41.669653],[-75.057251,41.668933],[-75.053991,41.668194],[-75.04992,41.662556],[-75.048683,41.656317],[-75.049281,41.641862],[-75.048658,41.633781],[-75.048199,41.632011],[-75.043562,41.62364],[-75.044224,41.617978],[-75.045508,41.616203],[-75.047298,41.615791],[-75.048385,41.615986],[-75.051856,41.618157],[-75.05385,41.618655],[-75.060098,41.617482],[-75.06156,41.616429],[-75.061675,41.615468],[-75.059956,41.612306],[-75.059725,41.610801],[-75.062716,41.609639],[-75.067795,41.610143],[-75.071667,41.609501],[-75.074626,41.607905],[-75.074613,41.605711],[-75.066955,41.599428],[-75.063677,41.594739],[-75.060012,41.590813],[-75.052858,41.587772],[-75.04676,41.583258],[-75.043879,41.575094],[-75.04049,41.569688],[-75.036989,41.567049],[-75.033162,41.565092],[-75.029211,41.564637],[-75.027343,41.563541],[-75.018524,41.551802],[-75.016328,41.546501],[-75.016144,41.544246],[-75.017626,41.542734],[-75.022828,41.541456],[-75.024798,41.539801],[-75.024757,41.535099],[-75.024206,41.534018],[-75.023018,41.533147],[-75.016616,41.53211],[-75.014919,41.531399],[-75.009552,41.528461],[-75.00385,41.524052],[-75.001297,41.52065],[-75.000911,41.519292],[-75.000935,41.517638],[-75.002592,41.51456],[-75.003706,41.511118],[-75.003694,41.509295],[-75.003151,41.508101],[-74.999612,41.5074],[-74.993893,41.508754],[-74.987645,41.508738],[-74.985653,41.507926],[-74.984372,41.506611],[-74.982385,41.500981],[-74.982168,41.498486],[-74.982463,41.496467],[-74.985247,41.489113],[-74.985595,41.485863],[-74.985004,41.483703],[-74.983341,41.480894],[-74.981652,41.479945],[-74.969887,41.477438],[-74.95826,41.476396],[-74.956411,41.476735],[-74.94808,41.480625],[-74.945634,41.483213],[-74.941798,41.483542],[-74.932585,41.482323],[-74.926835,41.478327],[-74.924092,41.477138],[-74.917282,41.477041],[-74.912517,41.475605],[-74.909181,41.472436],[-74.908133,41.468117],[-74.908103,41.464639],[-74.906887,41.461131],[-74.9042,41.459806],[-74.895069,41.45819],[-74.892114,41.456959],[-74.890358,41.455324],[-74.889116,41.452534],[-74.889075,41.451245],[-74.894931,41.446099],[-74.896399,41.442179],[-74.896025,41.439987],[-74.893913,41.43893],[-74.888691,41.438259],[-74.876721,41.440338],[-74.864688,41.443993],[-74.858578,41.444427],[-74.8542,41.443166],[-74.848602,41.440179],[-74.845572,41.437577],[-74.836915,41.431625],[-74.834635,41.430796],[-74.830671,41.430503],[-74.828592,41.430698],[-74.826031,41.431736],[-74.82288,41.436792],[-74.817995,41.440505],[-74.812123,41.442982],[-74.807582,41.442847],[-74.805655,41.442101],[-74.801225,41.4381],[-74.80037,41.43606],[-74.800095,41.432661],[-74.799546,41.43129],[-74.795396,41.42398],[-74.793856,41.422671],[-74.790417,41.42166],[-74.784339,41.422397],[-74.778029,41.425104],[-74.773239,41.426352],[-74.77065,41.42623],[-74.763701,41.423612],[-74.758587,41.423287],[-74.754359,41.425147],[-74.75068,41.427984],[-74.743821,41.430635],[-74.740932,41.43116],[-74.738455,41.430641],[-74.736688,41.429228],[-74.735519,41.427465],[-74.734893,41.425818],[-74.734731,41.422699],[-74.738684,41.413463],[-74.741086,41.411413],[-74.741717,41.40788],[-74.740963,41.40512],[-74.738554,41.401191],[-74.736103,41.398398],[-74.73364,41.396975],[-74.730384,41.39566],[-74.720891,41.39469],[-74.715979,41.392584],[-74.713411,41.389814],[-74.710391,41.382102],[-74.708458,41.378901],[-74.703282,41.375093],[-74.694968,41.370431],[-74.691129,41.367324],[-74.689516,41.363843],[-74.689767,41.361558],[-74.691076,41.36034],[-74.696398,41.357339],[-74.694914,41.357423],[-74.700595,41.354553],[-74.704429,41.354043],[-74.708514,41.352734],[-74.720923,41.347384],[-74.730373,41.345983],[-74.735622,41.346518],[-74.753239,41.346122],[-74.755971,41.344953],[-74.760325,41.340325],[-74.763499,41.331568],[-74.766714,41.328558],[-74.771588,41.325079],[-74.774887,41.324326],[-74.781584,41.324229],[-74.789095,41.323281],[-74.792116,41.322465],[-74.79504,41.320407],[-74.795822,41.318516],[-74.792377,41.314088],[-74.791991,41.311639],[-74.792558,41.310628],[-74.806858,41.303155],[-74.812033,41.298157],[-74.815703,41.296151],[-74.821884,41.293838],[-74.830057,41.2872],[-74.834067,41.281111],[-74.838366,41.277286],[-74.841137,41.27098],[-74.846319,41.263077],[-74.846506,41.261576],[-74.845031,41.258055],[-74.845883,41.254945],[-74.846932,41.253318],[-74.848987,41.251192],[-74.854669,41.25051],[-74.856003,41.250094],[-74.857151,41.248975],[-74.861678,41.241575],[-74.862049,41.237609],[-74.866182,41.232132],[-74.867405,41.22777],[-74.866839,41.226865],[-74.860837,41.222317],[-74.859323,41.220507],[-74.859632,41.219077],[-74.860398,41.217454],[-74.867287,41.208754],[-74.874034,41.198543],[-74.878275,41.190489],[-74.878492,41.187504],[-74.882139,41.180836],[-74.889424,41.1736],[-74.899701,41.166181],[-74.901172,41.16387],[-74.90178,41.161394],[-74.905256,41.155668],[-74.923169,41.138146],[-74.931141,41.133387],[-74.945067,41.129052],[-74.947714,41.126292],[-74.947334,41.124439],[-74.947912,41.12356],[-74.964294,41.114237],[-74.966298,41.113669],[-74.969312,41.113869],[-74.972917,41.113327],[-74.979873,41.110423],[-74.982212,41.108245],[-74.991718,41.092284],[-74.991815,41.089132],[-74.991013,41.088578],[-74.988263,41.088222],[-74.984782,41.088545],[-74.981314,41.08986],[-74.975298,41.094073],[-74.972036,41.095562],[-74.969434,41.096074],[-74.967464,41.095327],[-74.966759,41.093425],[-74.968389,41.087797],[-74.970987,41.085293],[-74.98259,41.079172],[-74.989332,41.078319],[-74.994847,41.076556],[-74.999617,41.073943],[-75.006376,41.067546],[-75.011133,41.067521],[-75.01257,41.066281],[-75.015271,41.061215],[-75.015867,41.05821],[-75.017239,41.055491],[-75.019186,41.052968],[-75.025702,41.046482],[-75.026376,41.04444],[-75.02543,41.04071],[-75.025777,41.039806],[-75.030701,41.038416],[-75.034496,41.036755],[-75.040668,41.031755],[-75.070532,41.01862],[-75.074999,41.01713],[-75.081101,41.016838],[-75.089787,41.014549],[-75.090312,41.013302],[-75.095556,41.008874],[-75.100682,41.006716],[-75.109114,41.004102],[-75.110595,41.002174],[-75.123423,40.996129],[-75.127196,40.993954],[-75.130575,40.991093],[-75.131619,40.9889],[-75.13153,40.984914],[-75.132106,40.982566],[-75.133086,40.980179],[-75.135521,40.976865],[-75.135526,40.973807],[-75.13378,40.970973],[-75.131364,40.969277],[-75.129074,40.968976],[-75.122603,40.970152],[-75.120514,40.968369],[-75.11977,40.96651],[-75.12065,40.964028],[-75.119893,40.961646],[-75.118904,40.956361],[-75.117764,40.953023],[-75.111683,40.948111],[-75.106153,40.939671],[-75.105524,40.936294],[-75.095526,40.924152],[-75.079279,40.91389],[-75.076956,40.90988],[-75.076092,40.907042],[-75.075188,40.900154],[-75.075957,40.895694],[-75.07534,40.894162],[-75.07392,40.892176],[-75.065438,40.885682],[-75.062149,40.882289],[-75.058655,40.877654],[-75.053664,40.87366],[-75.051508,40.870224],[-75.050839,40.868067],[-75.051029,40.865662],[-75.053294,40.8599],[-75.060491,40.85302],[-75.064328,40.848338],[-75.066014,40.847591],[-75.07083,40.847392],[-75.073544,40.84894],[-75.076684,40.849875],[-75.090962,40.849187],[-75.095784,40.847082],[-75.097221,40.844672],[-75.097586,40.843042],[-75.097572,40.840967],[-75.097006,40.839336],[-75.09494,40.837103],[-75.085517,40.830085],[-75.083822,40.827805],[-75.083929,40.824471],[-75.085387,40.821972],[-75.090518,40.815913],[-75.096147,40.812211],[-75.098279,40.810286],[-75.100277,40.807578],[-75.100739,40.805488],[-75.100165,40.803],[-75.100277,40.801176],[-75.1008,40.799797],[-75.108505,40.791094],[-75.111343,40.789896],[-75.116842,40.78935],[-75.123088,40.786746],[-75.125867,40.784026],[-75.131465,40.77595],[-75.133303,40.774124],[-75.1344,40.773765],[-75.139106,40.773606],[-75.149378,40.774786],[-75.16365,40.778386],[-75.169523,40.778473],[-75.171587,40.777745],[-75.173349,40.776129],[-75.17562,40.772923],[-75.176855,40.768721],[-75.177477,40.764225],[-75.17904,40.761897],[-75.183037,40.759344],[-75.191796,40.75583],[-75.196533,40.751631],[-75.196861,40.750097],[-75.196325,40.747137],[-75.195349,40.745473],[-75.18578,40.737266],[-75.182804,40.73365],[-75.182084,40.731522],[-75.1825,40.729922],[-75.186372,40.72397],[-75.189412,40.71797],[-75.192612,40.715874],[-75.19442,40.714018],[-75.19872,40.705298],[-75.20392,40.691498],[-75.20092,40.685498],[-75.19692,40.681299],[-75.19058,40.679379],[-75.184516,40.679971],[-75.180564,40.679363],[-75.177587,40.677731],[-75.176803,40.675715],[-75.177491,40.672595],[-75.182756,40.665971],[-75.18794,40.663811],[-75.190852,40.661939],[-75.196676,40.655123],[-75.200452,40.649219],[-75.200468,40.646899],[-75.193492,40.642275],[-75.192276,40.640803],[-75.191059,40.637971],[-75.188579,40.624628],[-75.189283,40.621492],[-75.190691,40.619956],[-75.197891,40.619332],[-75.200708,40.618356],[-75.201812,40.617188],[-75.201348,40.614628],[-75.198499,40.611492],[-75.195923,40.606788],[-75.192291,40.602676],[-75.190146,40.590359],[-75.190796,40.586838],[-75.194656,40.58194],[-75.195114,40.579689],[-75.194046,40.576256],[-75.192352,40.574257],[-75.186737,40.569406],[-75.183151,40.567354],[-75.175307,40.564996],[-75.168609,40.564111],[-75.162871,40.564096],[-75.158446,40.565286],[-75.147368,40.573152],[-75.141906,40.575273],[-75.136748,40.575731],[-75.117292,40.573211],[-75.110903,40.570671],[-75.100325,40.567811],[-75.0957,40.564401],[-75.078503,40.548296],[-75.068615,40.542223],[-75.067257,40.539584],[-75.066426,40.536619],[-75.06509,40.526148],[-75.065853,40.519495],[-75.066001,40.510716],[-75.065275,40.504682],[-75.062373,40.491689],[-75.061937,40.486362],[-75.062227,40.481391],[-75.064327,40.476795],[-75.067776,40.472827],[-75.06805,40.468578],[-75.067302,40.464954],[-75.070568,40.456348],[-75.070568,40.455165],[-75.067425,40.448323],[-75.062923,40.433407],[-75.061489,40.422848],[-75.058848,40.418065],[-75.056102,40.416066],[-75.046473,40.413792],[-75.043071,40.411603],[-75.041651,40.409894],[-75.036616,40.406796],[-75.028315,40.403883],[-75.024775,40.403455],[-75.017221,40.404638],[-75.003351,40.40785],[-74.998651,40.410093],[-74.996378,40.410528],[-74.988901,40.408773],[-74.985467,40.405935],[-74.982735,40.404432],[-74.969597,40.39977],[-74.965508,40.397337],[-74.963997,40.395246],[-74.953697,40.376081],[-74.948722,40.364768],[-74.946006,40.357306],[-74.945088,40.347332],[-74.943776,40.342564],[-74.939711,40.338006],[-74.933111,40.333106],[-74.92681,40.329406],[-74.91741,40.322406],[-74.90831,40.316907],[-74.90331,40.315607],[-74.896409,40.315107],[-74.891609,40.313007],[-74.887109,40.310307],[-74.880609,40.305607],[-74.868209,40.295207],[-74.860492,40.284584],[-74.856508,40.277407],[-74.853108,40.269707],[-74.846608,40.258808],[-74.842308,40.250508],[-74.836307,40.246208],[-74.823907,40.241508],[-74.819507,40.238508],[-74.795306,40.229408],[-74.781206,40.221508],[-74.77136,40.215399],[-74.770406,40.214508],[-74.766905,40.207709],[-74.760605,40.198909],[-74.756905,40.189409],[-74.755605,40.186709],[-74.754305,40.185209],[-74.751705,40.183309],[-74.744105,40.181009],[-74.737205,40.177609],[-74.733804,40.174509],[-74.722304,40.160609],[-74.721504,40.158409],[-74.721604,40.15381],[-74.722604,40.15001],[-74.724304,40.14701],[-74.725663,40.145495],[-74.740605,40.13521],[-74.742905,40.13441],[-74.745905,40.13421],[-74.755305,40.13471],[-74.758882,40.134036],[-74.762864,40.132541],[-74.769488,40.129145],[-74.782106,40.12081],[-74.785106,40.12031],[-74.788706,40.12041],[-74.800607,40.12281],[-74.812807,40.12691],[-74.816307,40.12761],[-74.819007,40.12751],[-74.822307,40.12671],[-74.825907,40.12391],[-74.828408,40.12031],[-74.832808,40.11171],[-74.835108,40.10391],[-74.838008,40.10091],[-74.843408,40.09771],[-74.851108,40.09491],[-74.854409,40.09311],[-74.856509,40.09131],[-74.858209,40.08881],[-74.859809,40.08491],[-74.860909,40.08371],[-74.863809,40.08221],[-74.880209,40.07881],[-74.88781,40.07581],[-74.909011,40.07021],[-74.911911,40.06991],[-74.920811,40.07111],[-74.925311,40.07071],[-74.932211,40.068411],[-74.944412,40.063211],[-74.974713,40.048711],[-74.983913,40.042711],[-74.989914,40.037311],[-75.007914,40.023111],[-75.011115,40.021311],[-75.015515,40.019511],[-75.039316,40.013012],[-75.047016,40.008912],[-75.051217,40.004512],[-75.059017,39.992512],[-75.072017,39.980612],[-75.088618,39.975212],[-75.093718,39.974412],[-75.108119,39.970312],[-75.11922,39.965412],[-75.12692,39.961112],[-75.13012,39.958712],[-75.13352,39.954412],[-75.13572,39.947112],[-75.13612,39.933912],[-75.13502,39.927312],[-75.13282,39.921612],[-75.13012,39.917013],[-75.12792,39.911813],[-75.13082,39.900213],[-75.13342,39.896213],[-75.140221,39.888213],[-75.145421,39.884213],[-75.150721,39.882713],[-75.183023,39.882013],[-75.189323,39.880713],[-75.195324,39.877013],[-75.210425,39.865913],[-75.221025,39.861113],[-75.235026,39.856613],[-75.243431,39.854597],[-75.271159,39.84944],[-75.293376,39.848782],[-75.309674,39.850179],[-75.323232,39.849812],[-75.330433,39.849012],[-75.341765,39.846082],[-75.3544,39.839917],[-75.371835,39.827612],[-75.390536,39.815312],[-75.403737,39.807512],[-75.415041,39.801786],[-75.428038,39.809212],[-75.45374,39.820312],[-75.463341,39.823812],[-75.481242,39.829112],[-75.498843,39.833312],[-75.518444,39.836311],[-75.539346,39.838211],[-75.570464,39.839007],[-75.579849,39.838526],[-75.593666,39.837455],[-75.617251,39.833999],[-75.634706,39.830164],[-75.641518,39.828363],[-75.662822,39.82115],[-75.685991,39.811054],[-75.701208,39.802606],[-75.716969,39.791998],[-75.727049,39.784126],[-75.736489,39.775759],[-75.744394,39.767855],[-75.753066,39.757631],[-75.760346,39.747231],[-75.766058,39.737811],[-75.773558,39.722411],[-75.788359,39.721811],[-75.998649,39.721576],[-76.013067,39.72192],[-76.233259,39.721305],[-76.715594,39.721103],[-76.8901,39.720401],[-76.936601,39.720701],[-76.990903,39.7198],[-77.058204,39.7202],[-77.534758,39.720134],[-77.724115,39.720894],[-77.874719,39.722219],[-78.330715,39.722689],[-78.337111,39.722461],[-78.438839,39.722481],[-78.461422,39.722869],[-78.537702,39.72249],[-78.546415,39.722869],[-78.575893,39.722561],[-78.723529,39.723043],[-79.045548,39.722883],[-79.548465,39.720778],[-79.610623,39.721245],[-79.763774,39.720776],[-79.916171,39.720893]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Pennsylvania\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"78","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9331e4b04f417c27513b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buderman, Frances E.","contributorId":171634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buderman","given":"Frances","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147 drd11@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":5235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane","email":"drd11@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenberry, C.S.","contributorId":22884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wallingford, Bret D.","contributorId":171632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wallingford","given":"Bret","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Long, Eric S.","contributorId":171652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70171568,"text":"70171568 - 2014 - Component geochronology in the polyphase ca. 3920 Ma Acasta Gneiss","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-06T10:15:17","indexId":"70171568","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Component geochronology in the polyphase ca. 3920 Ma Acasta Gneiss","docAbstract":"<p><span>The oldest compiled U&ndash;Pb zircon ages for the Acasta Gneiss Complex in the Northwest Territories of Canada span about 4050&ndash;3850&nbsp;Ma; yet older ca. 4200&nbsp;Ma xenocrystic U&ndash;Pb zircon ages have also been reported for this terrane. The AGC expresses at least 25&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;of outcrop exposure, but only a small subset of this has been documented in the detail required to investigate a complex history and resolve disputes over emplacement ages. To better understand this history, we combined new ion microprobe</span><sup>235,238</sup><span>U&ndash;</span><sup>207,206</sup><span>Pb zircon geochronology with whole-rock and zircon rare earth element compositions ([REE]</span><sub>zirc</sub><span>), Ti-in-zircon thermometry (Ti</span><i><sup>xln</sup></i><span>) and&nbsp;</span><sup>147</sup><span>Sm&ndash;</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd geochronology for an individual subdivided &sim;60&nbsp;cm</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;slab of Acasta banded gneiss comprising five separate lithologic components. Results were compared to other variably deformed granitoid-gneisses and plagioclase-hornblende rocks from elsewhere in the AGC. We show that different gneissic components carry distinct [Th/U]</span><sub>zirc</sub><span>&nbsp;vs. Ti</span><i><sup>xln</sup></i><span>&nbsp;and [REE]</span><sub>zirc</sub><span>&nbsp;signatures correlative with different zircon U&ndash;Pb age populations and WR compositions, but not with&nbsp;</span><sup>147</sup><span>Sm&ndash;</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd isotope systematics. Modeled&nbsp;</span><span id=\"mmlsi1\" class=\"mathmlsrc\"><a class=\"mathImg\" title=\"View the MathML source\" data-mathurl=\"/science?_ob=MathURL&amp;_method=retrieve&amp;_eid=1-s2.0-S0016703714001161&amp;_mathId=si1.gif&amp;_user=111111111&amp;_pii=S0016703714001161&amp;_rdoc=1&amp;_issn=00167037&amp;md5=952b6338d4f7e2bdedb943877a975334\"><img class=\"imgLazyJSB inlineImage\" title=\"View the MathML source\" src=\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0016703714001161-si1.gif\" alt=\"View the MathML source\" width=\"42\" height=\"20\" data-inlimgeid=\"1-s2.0-S0016703714001161-si1.gif\" data-loaded=\"true\" /></a></span><span>&nbsp;[REE] from lattice-strain theory reconciles only the ca. 3920&nbsp;Ma zircons with the oldest component that also preserves strong positive Eu</span><sup>&lowast;</sup><span>&nbsp;anomalies. Magmas which gave rise to the somewhat older (inherited) ca. 4020&nbsp;Ma AGC zircon age population formed at &sim;IW (iron&ndash;w&uuml;stite) to &lt;FMQ (fayalite&ndash;magnetite&ndash;quartz) oxygen fugacities. A ca. 3920&nbsp;Ma emplacement age for the AGC is contemporaneous with bombardment of the inner solar system. Analytical bombardment simulations show that crustal re-working from the impact epoch potentially affected the precursors to the Acasta gneisses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.019","usgsCitation":"Mojzsis, S.J., Cates, N.L., Caro, G., Trail, D., Abramov, O., Guitreau, M., Blichert-Toft, J., Hopkins, M.D., and Bleeker, W., 2014, Component geochronology in the polyphase ca. 3920 Ma Acasta Gneiss: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 133, p. 68-96, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.019.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"96","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042683","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":322189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57569eafe4b023b96ec2841d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mojzsis, Stephen J.","contributorId":170043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mojzsis","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":25657,"text":"Univ. of Colo., Dept. of Geological Sciences, NASA Lunar Science Institute, Center for Lunar Origin and Evolution (CLOE), Boulder, Colo.; Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon & Universite Claude Bernard Lyon; Hungarian Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cates, Nicole L.","contributorId":170044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cates","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":25658,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, NASA Lunar Science Institute Center for Lunar Origin and Evolution (CLOE), University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caro, Guillaume","contributorId":170045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caro","given":"Guillaume","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25659,"text":"Centre de Recherches Petrographiques et Geochimiques (CRPG), CNRS and Université de Lorraine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trail, Dustin","contributorId":170047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trail","given":"Dustin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25660,"text":"Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences and New York Center for Astrobiology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Abramov, Oleg oabramov@usgs.gov","contributorId":604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abramov","given":"Oleg","email":"oabramov@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Guitreau, Martin","contributorId":170048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guitreau","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25661,"text":"Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon and Université Claude Bernard Lyon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Blichert-Toft, Janne","contributorId":170049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blichert-Toft","given":"Janne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25661,"text":"Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon and Université Claude Bernard Lyon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hopkins, Michelle D.","contributorId":170046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":25658,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, NASA Lunar Science Institute Center for Lunar Origin and Evolution (CLOE), University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bleeker, Wouter","contributorId":170050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bleeker","given":"Wouter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25662,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70173558,"text":"70173558 - 2014 - Influence of habitat characteristics on shore-spawning kokanee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-13T15:51:38","indexId":"70173558","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of habitat characteristics on shore-spawning kokanee","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sockeye Salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus nerka</i><span>&nbsp;and kokanee (lacustrine Sockeye Salmon) commonly spawn in both lentic and lotic environments; however, the habitat requirements of shore spawners are virtually unknown relative to those of stream spawners. A laboratory experiment and an in situ incubation study were conducted to better understand the influence of habitat characteristics on the shoreline incubation success of kokanee. The laboratory experiment assessed kokanee intragravel survival, fry emergence, and fry condition in response to eight substrate treatments. The in situ study, conducted at three major shoreline spawning sites in Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho, evaluated the effect of depth, substrate composition, dissolved oxygen, shoreline slope, and groundwater on intragravel survival. Substrate size composition was generally a poor predictor of survival in both the laboratory experiment and in situ study; although, fry condition and counts of emerged fry in the laboratory were lowest for the substrate treatment that had the highest proportion of fine sediment. Results of the in situ study suggest that groundwater flow plays an important role in enhancing intragravel survival in habitats generally considered unsuitable for spawning.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2014.931302","usgsCitation":"Whitlock, S.L., Quist, M.C., and Dux, A., 2014, Influence of habitat characteristics on shore-spawning kokanee: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 143, no. 6, p. 1404-1418, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.931302.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1404","endPage":"1418","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051573","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323528,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"143","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575fd92ee4b04f417c2baa31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitlock, Steven L.","contributorId":171705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitlock","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839 mquist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":171392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dux, Andrew M.","contributorId":73491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dux","given":"Andrew M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173561,"text":"70173561 - 2014 - Characterizing lentic freshwater fish assemblages using multiple sampling methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-13T15:45:36","indexId":"70173561","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing lentic freshwater fish assemblages using multiple sampling methods","docAbstract":"<p><span>Characterizing fish assemblages in lentic ecosystems is difficult, and multiple sampling methods are almost always necessary to gain reliable estimates of indices such as species richness. However, most research focused on lentic fish sampling methodology has targeted recreationally important species, and little to no information is available regarding the influence of multiple methods and timing (i.e., temporal variation) on characterizing entire fish assemblages. Therefore, six lakes and impoundments (48&ndash;1,557&nbsp;ha surface area) were sampled seasonally with seven gear types to evaluate the combined influence of sampling methods and timing on the number of species and individuals sampled. Probabilities of detection for species indicated strong selectivities and seasonal trends that provide guidance on optimal seasons to use gears when targeting multiple species. The evaluation of species richness and number of individuals sampled using multiple gear combinations demonstrated that appreciable benefits over relatively few gears (e.g., to four) used in optimal seasons were not present. Specifically, over 90&nbsp;% of the species encountered with all gear types and season combinations (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">N</i><span>&thinsp;=&thinsp;19) from six lakes and reservoirs were sampled with nighttime boat electrofishing in the fall and benthic trawling, modified-fyke, and mini-fyke netting during the summer. Our results indicated that the characterization of lentic fish assemblages was highly influenced by the selection of sampling gears and seasons, but did not appear to be influenced by waterbody type (i.e., natural lake, impoundment). The standardization of data collected with multiple methods and seasons to account for bias is imperative to monitoring of lentic ecosystems and will provide researchers with increased reliability in their interpretations and decisions made using information on lentic fish assemblages.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-014-3711-z","usgsCitation":"Fischer, J., and Quist, M.C., 2014, Characterizing lentic freshwater fish assemblages using multiple sampling methods: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 186, no. 7, p. 4461-4474, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-3711-z.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"4461","endPage":"4474","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042076","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323526,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"186","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575fd92be4b04f417c2baa0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, Jesse R.","contributorId":86618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Jesse R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839 mquist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":171392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70168739,"text":"70168739 - 2014 - Nitrogen cycling processes and microbial community composition in bed sediments in the Yukon River at Pilot Station","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:57:47","indexId":"70168739","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2320,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen cycling processes and microbial community composition in bed sediments in the Yukon River at Pilot Station","docAbstract":"<p><span>Information on the contribution of nitrogen (N)-cycling processes in bed sediments to river nutrient fluxes in large northern latitude river systems is limited. This study examined the relationship between N-cycling processes in bed sediments and N speciation and loading in the Yukon River near its mouth at the Bering Sea. We conducted laboratory bioassays to measure N-cycling processes in sediment samples collected over distinct water cycle seasons. In conjunction, the microbial community composition in the bed sediments using genes involved in N-cycling (</span><i>narG</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>napA</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>nosZ</i><span>, and&nbsp;</span><i>amoA</i><span>) and 16S rRNA gene pyrosequences was examined. Temporal variation was observed in net N mineralization, nitrate uptake, and denitrification rate potentials and correlated strongly with sediment carbon (C) and extractable N content and microbial community composition rather than with river water nutrient concentrations. The C content of the bed sediment was notably impacted by the spring flood, ranging from 1.1% in the midst of an ice-jam to 0.1% immediately after ice-out, suggesting a buildup of organic material (OM) prior to scouring of the bed sediments during ice break up. The dominant members of the microbial community that explained differences in N-processing rates belonged to the genera&nbsp;</span><i>Crenothrix</i><span>,</span><i>Flavobacterium</i><span>, and the family of Comamonadaceae. Our results suggest that biogeochemical processing rates in the bed sediments appear to be more coupled to hydrology, nutrient availability in the sediments, and microbial community composition rather than river nutrient concentrations at Pilot Station.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2014JG002707","usgsCitation":"Repert, D.A., Underwood, J., Smith, R.L., and Song, B., 2014, Nitrogen cycling processes and microbial community composition in bed sediments in the Yukon River at Pilot Station: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 119, no. 12, p. 2328-2344, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JG002707.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2328","endPage":"2344","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054832","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472534,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jg002707","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318419,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Pilot Station","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -162.91454315185547,\n              61.91762456647703\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.91454315185547,\n              61.94960777635835\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.82733917236328,\n              61.94960777635835\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.82733917236328,\n              61.91762456647703\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.91454315185547,\n              61.91762456647703\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d579d7e4b015c306f1fc80","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2014jg002707","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014jg002707","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Repert Deborah A., Underwood Jennifer C., Smith Richard L., Song Bongkeun","journalName":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","publicationDate":"12/2014","auditedOn":"1/10/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Repert, Deborah A. 0000-0001-7284-1456 darepert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7284-1456","contributorId":2578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repert","given":"Deborah","email":"darepert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Underwood, Jennifer C. jcunder@usgs.gov","contributorId":4680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Underwood","given":"Jennifer C.","email":"jcunder@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Song, Bongkeun","contributorId":167262,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Song","given":"Bongkeun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24668,"text":"University of North Carolina, Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70171350,"text":"70171350 - 2014 - Anadromous sea lampreys (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) are ecosystem engineers in a spawning tributary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-30T13:03:20","indexId":"70171350","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anadromous sea lampreys (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) are ecosystem engineers in a spawning tributary","docAbstract":"<ol id=\"fwb12349-list-0001\" class=\"o-list--numbered o-list--paragraph\">\n<li>\n<p>Sea lampreys (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) disturb the substratum during nest construction and alter the physical habitat, potentially affecting other stream organisms. We quantified differences in depth, velocity, fine-sediment coverage, embeddedness, intragravel permeability and benthic invertebrate assemblages (density and diversity) among nest mounds, nest pits and undisturbed reference locations over a 4-month period after June spawning.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>In 2010 and 2011, immediate and persistent effects of nest construction were assessed in summer (July) and in autumn (late September to early October), respectively. Randomly selected nests were sampled annually (25 each in summer and autumn).</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Nest construction increased stream-bed complexity by creating and juxtaposing shallow, swift, rocky habitat patches with deep, slow, sandy habitat patches. Mounds had a 50&ndash;143% less cover of fine sediment, and a 30&ndash;62% reduction in embeddedness, compared to pits and reference locations. These physical changes persisted into the autumn (almost 4&nbsp;months).</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Five insect families contributed 74% of the benthic invertebrate abundance: Chironomidae (27%), Hydropsychidae (26%), Heptageniidae (8%), Philopotamidae (7%) and Ephemerellidae (6%). Densities of Hydropsychidae, Philopotamidae and Heptageniidae were up to 10 times greater in mounds than in pits and adjacent reference habitat. In summer, mounds had twice the density of Chironomidae than did pits, and 1.5 times more than reference habitats, but densities were similar among the habitats in autumn.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>These results suggest that spawning sea lampreys are ecosystem engineers. The physical disturbance caused by nest-building activity was significant and persistent, increasing habitat heterogeneity and favouring pollution-sensitive benthic invertebrates and, possibly, drift-feeding fish.</p>\n</li>\n</ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fwb.12349","usgsCitation":"Hogg, R.S., Coghlan, S.M., Zydlewski, J.D., and Simon, K.S., 2014, Anadromous sea lampreys (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) are ecosystem engineers in a spawning tributary: Freshwater Biology, v. 59, no. 6, p. 1294-1307, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12349.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1294","endPage":"1307","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044288","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321856,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d643de4b07e28b66834bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hogg, Robert S.","contributorId":169677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hogg","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coghlan, Stephen M. Jr.","contributorId":169678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coghlan","given":"Stephen","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simon, Kevin S.","contributorId":169713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simon","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70171454,"text":"70171454 - 2014 - Multiple plumage traits convey information about age and within-age-class qualities of a canopy-dwelling songbird, the Cerulean Warbler","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-24T15:15:38","indexId":"70171454","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple plumage traits convey information about age and within-age-class qualities of a canopy-dwelling songbird, the Cerulean Warbler","docAbstract":"<p><span>Colorful plumage traits in birds may convey multiple, redundant, or unreliable messages about an individual. Plumage may reliably convey information about disparate qualities such as age, condition, and parental ability because discrete tracts of feathers may cause individuals to incur different intrinsic or extrinsic costs. Few studies have examined the information content of plumage in a species that inhabits forest canopies, a habitat with unique light environments and selective pressures. We investigated the information content of four plumage patches (blue-green crown and rump, tail white, and black breast band) in a canopy-dwelling species, the Cerulean Warbler (</span><i>Setophaga cerulea</i><span>), in relation to age, condition, provisioning, and reproduction. We found that older males displayed wider breast bands, greater tail white, and crown and rump feathers with greater blue-green (435&ndash;534 nm) chroma and hue than males in their first potential breeding season. In turn, older birds were in better condition (short and long term) and were reproductively superior to younger birds. We propose that these age-related plumage differences (i.e. delayed plumage maturation) were not a consequence of a life history strategy but instead resulted from constraints during early feather molts. Within age classes, we found evidence to support the multiple messages hypothesis. Birds with greater tail white molted tails in faster, those with more exaggerated rump plumage (lower hue, greater blue-green chroma) provisioned more, and those with lower rump blue-green chroma were in better condition. Despite evidence of reliable signaling in this species, we found no strong relationships between plumage and reproductive performance, potentially because factors other than individual differences more strongly influenced fecundity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/AUK-13-191.1","usgsCitation":"Boves, T.J., Buehler, D.A., Wood, P.B., Rodewald, A.D., Larkin, J.L., Keyser, P.D., and Wigley, T., 2014, Multiple plumage traits convey information about age and within-age-class qualities of a canopy-dwelling songbird, the Cerulean Warbler: The Auk, v. 131, no. 1, p. 20-31, https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-13-191.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"20","endPage":"31","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038900","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472541,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/auk-13-191.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5750076be4b0ee97d51bb686","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boves, Than J.","contributorId":169750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boves","given":"Than","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buehler, David A.","contributorId":169746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buehler","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Petra Bohall pbwood@usgs.gov","contributorId":1791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Petra","email":"pbwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bohall","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":631061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rodewald, Amanda D.","contributorId":169748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodewald","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Larkin, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":169747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larkin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17929,"text":"American Bird Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":34542,"text":"Department of Biology. Indiana University of Pennsylvania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Keyser, Patrick D.","contributorId":146945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keyser","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wigley, T. Ben","contributorId":169824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wigley","given":"T. Ben","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70171354,"text":"70171354 - 2014 - A comparison of two sampling designs for fish assemblage assessment in a large river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-30T12:44:36","indexId":"70171354","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of two sampling designs for fish assemblage assessment in a large river","docAbstract":"<p><span>We compared the efficiency of stratified random and fixed-station sampling designs to characterize fish assemblages in anticipation of dam removal on the Penobscot River, the largest river in Maine. We used boat electrofishing methods in both sampling designs. Multiple 500-m transects were selected randomly and electrofished in each of nine strata within the stratified random sampling design. Within the fixed-station design, up to 11 transects (1,000&nbsp;m) were electrofished, all of which had been sampled previously. In total, 88&nbsp;km of shoreline were electrofished during summer and fall in 2010 and 2011, and 45,874 individuals of 34 fish species were captured. Species-accumulation and dissimilarity curve analyses indicated that all sampling effort, other than fall 2011 under the fixed-station design, provided repeatable estimates of total species richness and proportional abundances. Overall, our sampling designs were similar in precision and efficiency for sampling fish assemblages. The fixed-station design was negatively biased for estimating the abundance of species such as Common Shiner&nbsp;</span><i>Luxilus cornutus</i><span>&nbsp;and Fallfish&nbsp;</span><i>Semotilus corporalis</i><span>&nbsp;and was positively biased for estimating biomass for species such as White Sucker&nbsp;</span><i>Catostomus commersonii</i><span>&nbsp;and Atlantic Salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Salmo salar</i><span>. However, we found no significant differences between the designs for proportional catch and biomass per unit effort, except in fall 2011. The difference observed in fall 2011 was due to limitations on the number and location of fixed sites that could be sampled, rather than an inherent bias within the design. Given the results from sampling in the Penobscot River, application of the stratified random design is preferable to the fixed-station design due to less potential for bias caused by varying sampling effort, such as what occurred in the fall 2011 fixed-station sample or due to purposeful site selection.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2013.864706","usgsCitation":"Kiraly, I.A., Coghlan, S.M., Zydlewski, J.D., and Hayes, D., 2014, A comparison of two sampling designs for fish assemblage assessment in a large river: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 143, no. 2, p. 508-518, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2013.864706.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"508","endPage":"518","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-039056","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"143","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d6431e4b07e28b668340a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kiraly, Ian A.","contributorId":169709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kiraly","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coghlan, Stephen M. Jr.","contributorId":169678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coghlan","given":"Stephen","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayes, Daniel","contributorId":7830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70162263,"text":"70162263 - 2014 - Aquatic invasive species: Lessons from cancer research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-20T13:35:08","indexId":"70162263","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":743,"text":"American Scientist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquatic invasive species: Lessons from cancer research","docAbstract":"<p><span>Aquatic invasive species are disrupting ecosystems with increasing frequency. Successful control of these invasions has been rare: Biologists and managers have few tools for fighting aquatic invaders. In contrast, the medical community has long worked to develop tools for preventing and fighting cancer. Its successes are marked by a coordinated research approach with multiple steps: prevention, early detection, diagnosis, treatment options and rehabilitation. The authors discuss how these steps can be applied to aquatic invasive species, such as the American bullfrog&nbsp;</span><i>(Lithobates catesbeianus),</i><span>&nbsp;in the Northern Rocky Mountain region of the United States, to expedite tool development and implementation along with achievement of biodiversity conservation goals.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society","doi":"10.1511/2012.96.234","usgsCitation":"Sepulveda, A.J., Ray, A., Al-Chokhachy, R.K., Muhlfeld, C.C., Gresswell, R.E., Gross, J.A., and Kershner, J.L., 2014, Aquatic invasive species: Lessons from cancer research: American Scientist, v. 100, no. 3, p. 234-242, https://doi.org/10.1511/2012.96.234.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"234","endPage":"242","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-031535","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314535,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a0bdc6e4b0961cf280dc0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepulveda, Adam J. 0000-0001-7621-7028 asepulveda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-7028","contributorId":150628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Adam","email":"asepulveda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ray, Andrew","contributorId":101972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert K. 0000-0002-2136-5098 ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":1674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","email":"ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gresswell, Robert E. 0000-0003-0063-855X bgresswell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0063-855X","contributorId":147914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"Robert","email":"bgresswell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":589019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gross, Jackson A.","contributorId":14273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"Jackson","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kershner, Jeffrey L. 0000-0002-7093-9860 jkershner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-9860","contributorId":310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kershner","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkershner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70133624,"text":"pp18017 - 2014 - One hundred volatile years of volcanic gas studies at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70133624,"text":"pp18017 - 2014 - One hundred volatile years of volcanic gas studies at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","indexId":"pp18017","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"7","title":"One hundred volatile years of volcanic gas studies at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T19:05:14.657893","indexId":"pp18017","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"7","title":"One hundred volatile years of volcanic gas studies at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","docAbstract":"<p>The first volcanic gas studies in Hawai&lsquo;i, beginning in 1912, established that volatile emissions from Kīlauea Volcano contained mostly water vapor, in addition to carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. This straightforward discovery overturned a popular volatile theory of the day and, in the same action, helped affirm Thomas A. Jaggar, Jr.&rsquo;s, vision of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) as a preeminent place to study volcanic processes. Decades later, the environmental movement produced a watershed of quantitative analytical tools that, after being tested at Kīlauea, became part of the regular monitoring effort at HVO. The resulting volatile emission and fumarole chemistry datasets are some of the most extensive on the planet. These data indicate that magma from the mantle enters the shallow magmatic system of Kīlauea sufficiently oversaturated in CO<sub>2</sub> to produce turbulent flow. Passive degassing at Kīlauea&rsquo;s summit that occurred from 1983 through 2007 yielded CO<sub>2</sub>-depleted, but SO<sub>2</sub>- and H<sub>2</sub>O-rich, rift eruptive gases. Beginning with the 2008 summit eruption, magma reaching the East Rift Zone eruption site became depleted of much of its volatile content at the summit eruptive vent before transport to Pu&lsquo;u &lsquo;Ō&lsquo;ō. The volatile emissions of Hawaiian volcanoes are halogen-poor, relative to those of other basaltic systems. Information gained regarding intrinsic gas solubilities at Kīlauea and Mauna Loa, as well as the pressure-controlled nature of gas release, have provided useful tools for tracking eruptive activity. Regular CO<sub>2</sub>-emission-rate measurements at Kīlauea&rsquo;s summit, together with surface-deformation and other data, detected an increase in deep magma supply more than a year before a corresponding surge in effusive activity. Correspondingly, HVO routinely uses SO<sub>2</sub> emissions to study shallow eruptive processes and effusion rates. HVO gas studies and Kīlauea&rsquo;s long-running East Rift Zone eruption also demonstrate that volatile emissions can be a substantial volcanic hazard in Hawai&lsquo;i. From its humble beginning, trying to determine the chemical composition of volcanic gases over a century ago, HVO has evolved to routinely use real-time gas chemistry to track eruptive processes, as well as hazards.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18017","usgsCitation":"Sutton, A., and Elias, T., 2014, One hundred volatile years of volcanic gas studies at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18017.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"295","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050886","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299354,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18017.PNG"},{"id":299353,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap7_Sutton.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296662,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9c0e4b027f0aee3bb23","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543968,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543969,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543970,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Sutton, A.J. ajsutton@usgs.gov","contributorId":3584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"A.J.","email":"ajsutton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elias, Tamar 0000-0002-9592-4518 telias@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9592-4518","contributorId":3916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Tamar","email":"telias@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70133621,"text":"pp18016 - 2014 - Petrologic insights into basaltic volcanism at historically active Hawaiian volcanoes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70133621,"text":"pp18016 - 2014 - Petrologic insights into basaltic volcanism at historically active Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp18016","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"6","title":"Petrologic insights into basaltic volcanism at historically active Hawaiian volcanoes"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T19:04:46.140914","indexId":"pp18016","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"6","title":"Petrologic insights into basaltic volcanism at historically active Hawaiian volcanoes","docAbstract":"<p>Study of the petrology of Hawaiian volcanoes, in particular the historically active volcanoes on the Island of Hawai&lsquo;i, has long been of worldwide scientific interest. When Dr. Thomas A. Jaggar, Jr., established the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) in 1912, detailed observations on basaltic activity at Kīlauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes increased dramatically. The period from 1912 to 1958 saw a gradual increase in the collection and analysis of samples from the historical eruptions of Kīlauea and Mauna Loa and development of the concepts needed to evaluate them. In a classic 1955 paper, Howard Powers introduced the concepts of magnesia variation diagrams, to display basaltic compositions, and olivine-control lines, to distinguish between possibly comagmatic and clearly distinct basaltic lineages. In particular, he and others recognized that Kīlauea and Mauna Loa basalts must have different sources.</p>\n<p>Subsequent years saw a great increase in petrologic data, as the development of the electron microprobe made it possible to routinely monitor glass and mineral compositions, in addition to bulk rock compositions. We now have 100 years&rsquo; worth of glass compositions for Kīlauea summit eruptions, which, together with expanding databases on prehistoric tephras, provide important constraints on the nature of Kīlauea&rsquo;s summit reservoir. A series of chemically distinctive eruptions in the 1950s and 1960s facilitated evaluation of magma mixing and transport processes at Kīlauea. At Mauna Loa, lava compositions are distinctive only at the trace element level, suggesting that its summit reservoir is better mixed than Kīlauea&rsquo;s. Most summit lavas at both volcanoes, however, lie on olivine control lines having the same olivine composition (Fo<sub>86&ndash;87</sub>). Study of the ongoing East Rift Zone eruption at Kīlauea has further illuminated the complexity of magma storage, resupply, and mixing along this very active rift zone.</p>\n<p>Studies of active and closed-system lava lakes have been part of HVO&rsquo;s efforts since Jaggar&rsquo;s unique descriptions of the Halema&lsquo;uma&lsquo;u lava lake that existed before 1924. Detailed study of closed-system bodies, including the 1959 Kīlauea Iki, 1963 &lsquo;Alae, and 1965 and prehistoric Makaopuhi lava lakes and the Uēkahuna laccolith, have allowed recognition and quantification of processes of basalt differentiation. Specific topics reviewed herein include the occurrence of segregation veins and related structures, overall cooling history, and patterns of crystallization and reequilibration of olivine in various lava lakes.</p>\n<p>In recent decades, study of the submarine slopes of the Island of Hawai&lsquo;i and of Lō&lsquo;ihi Seamount has revolutionized our understanding of the early history of Hawaiian volcanoes. Observations of Lō&lsquo;ihi lavas first established the existence of an early alkalic stage in the evolution of Hawaiian volcanoes. Stages of volcanic development from inception to tholeiitic shield building can be observed in Kīlauea&rsquo;s submarine and subaerial sections. One distinctive feature of submarine volcanics at Kīlauea, Mauna Loa, and Hualālai is that picritic lavas are more abundant than in subaerial eruptions. Also, olivine compositions of submarine lavas are more magnesian, ranging from Fo<sub>88</sub> at Kīlauea to Fo<sub>89</sub> at Hualālai. The most magnesian glasses known from Kīlauea (MgO=14.7&ndash;15.0 weight percent) were found along the submarine part of Kīlauea&rsquo;s East Rift Zone.</p>\n<p>Contributions to our knowledge of the nature of the mantle source(s) of Hawaiian basalts are reviewed briefly, although this is a topic where debate is ongoing. Finally, our accumulated petrologic observations impose constraints on the nature of the summit reservoirs at Kīlauea and Mauna Loa, specifically whether the summit chamber has been continuous or segmented during past decades.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18016","usgsCitation":"Helz, R.T., Clague, D.A., Sisson, T.W., and Thornber, C.R., 2014, Petrologic insights into basaltic volcanism at historically active Hawaiian volcanoes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18016.","productDescription":"56 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"292","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036755","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299352,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18016.PNG"},{"id":296661,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"},{"id":299351,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap6_Helz.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9c1e4b027f0aee3bb26","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543965,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543966,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543967,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Helz, Rosalind T. 0000-0003-1550-0684","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1550-0684","contributorId":218732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helz","given":"Rosalind","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clague, David A.","contributorId":77105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clague","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sisson, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3380-6425 tsisson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-6425","contributorId":2341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisson","given":"Thomas","email":"tsisson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thornber, Carl R. cthornber@usgs.gov","contributorId":2016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thornber","given":"Carl","email":"cthornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70133622,"text":"pp18011 - 2014 - The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70133622,"text":"pp18011 - 2014 - The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism","indexId":"pp18011","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"1","title":"The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-03T15:20:07.531376","indexId":"pp18011","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"1","title":"The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism","docAbstract":"<p>In the beginning of the 20th century, geologist Thomas A. Jaggar, Jr., argued that, to fully understand volcanic and associated hazards, the expeditionary mode of studying eruptions only after they occurred was inadequate. Instead, he fervently advocated the use of permanent observatories to record and measure volcanic phenomena&mdash;at and below the surface&mdash;before, during, and after eruptions to obtain the basic scientific information needed to protect people and property from volcanic hazards. With the crucial early help of American volcanologist Frank Alvord Perret and the Hawaiian business community, the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) was established in 1912, and Jaggar&rsquo;s vision became reality. From its inception, HVO&rsquo;s mission has centered on several goals: (1) measuring and documenting the seismic, eruptive, and geodetic processes of active Hawaiian volcanoes (principally Kīlauea and Mauna Loa); (2) geological mapping and dating of deposits to reconstruct volcanic histories, understand island evolution, and determine eruptive frequencies and volcanic hazards; (3) systematically collecting eruptive products, including gases, for laboratory analysis; and (4) widely disseminating observatory-acquired data and analysis, reports, and hazard warnings to the global scientific community, emergency-management authorities, news media, and the public. The long-term focus on these goals by HVO scientists, in collaboration with investigators from many other organizations, continues to fulfill Jaggar&rsquo;s career-long vision of reducing risks from volcanic and earthquake hazards across the globe.</p>\n<p>This chapter summarizes HVO&rsquo;s history and some of the scientific achievements made possible by this permanent observatory over the past century as it grew from a small wooden structure with only a small staff and few instruments to a modern, well-staffed, world-class facility with state-of-the-art monitoring networks that constantly track volcanic and earthquake activity. The many successes of HVO, from improving basic knowledge about basaltic volcanism to providing hands-on experience and training for hundreds of scientists and students and serving as the testing ground for new instruments and technologies, stem directly from the acquisition, integration, and analysis of multiple datasets that span many decades of observations of frequent eruptive activity. HVO&rsquo;s history of the compilation, interpretation, and communication of long-term volcano monitoring and eruption data (for instance, seismic, geodetic, and petrologic-geochemical data and detailed eruption chronologies) is perhaps unparalleled in the world community of volcano observatories. The discussion and conclusions drawn in this chapter, which emphasize developments since the 75th anniversary of HVO in 1987, are general and retrospective and are intended to provide context for the more detailed, topically focused chapters of this volume.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18011","usgsCitation":"Tilling, R.I., Kauahikaua, J.P., Brantley, S., and Neal, C.A., 2014, The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18011.","productDescription":"64 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036927","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299339,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18011.PNG"},{"id":296666,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"},{"id":299337,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap1_Tilling.pdf","text":"Report","size":"21 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9c2e4b027f0aee3bb2e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543946,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543947,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543948,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Tilling, Robert I. 0000-0003-4263-7221 rtilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7221","contributorId":2567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilling","given":"Robert","email":"rtilling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":527135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauahikaua, James P. 0000-0003-3777-503X jimk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3777-503X","contributorId":2146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauahikaua","given":"James","email":"jimk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brantley, Steven R. srbrant@usgs.gov","contributorId":4182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brantley","given":"Steven R.","email":"srbrant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70134559,"text":"ofr20141249 - 2014 - Key recovery factors for the August 24, 2014, South Napa Earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T10:08:09","indexId":"ofr20141249","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1249","title":"Key recovery factors for the August 24, 2014, South Napa Earthquake","docAbstract":"Through discussions between the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) following the South Napa earthquake, it was determined that several key decision points would be faced by FEMA for which additional information should be sought and provided by USGS and its partners. This report addresses the four tasks that were agreed to. These tasks are (1) assessment of ongoing fault movement (called afterslip) especially in the Browns Valley residential neighborhood, (2) assessment of the shaking pattern in the downtown area of the City of Napa, (3) improvement of information on the fault hazards posed by the West Napa Fault System (record of past earthquakes and slip rate, for example), and (4) imagery acquisition and data processing to provide overall geospatial information support to FEMA.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141249","usgsCitation":"Hudnut, K.W., Brocher, T.M., Prentice, C.S., Boatwright, J., Brooks, B.A., Aagaard, B.T., Blair, J.L., Fletcher, J.P., Erdem, J., Wicks, C.W., Murray, J.R., Pollitz, F., Langbein, J.O., Svarc, J.L., Schwartz, D.P., Ponti, D.J., Hecker, S., DeLong, S.B., Rosa, C.M., Jones, B., Lamb, R.M., Rosinski, A.M., McCrink, T.P., Dawson, T.E., Seitz, G., Glennie, C., Hauser, D., Ericksen, T., Mardock, D., Hoirup, D.F., Bray, J.D., and Rubin, R.S., 2014, Key recovery factors for the August 24, 2014, South Napa Earthquake: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1249, xii, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141249.","productDescription":"xii, 51 p.","ipdsId":"IP-061399","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296454,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1249/","text":"Index Page"},{"id":340088,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1249/pdf/ofr2014-1249.pdf","text":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Napa","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.65686035156249,\n              37.96368875328558\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.805419921875,\n              37.96368875328558\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.805419921875,\n              38.603993275591684\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.65686035156249,\n              38.603993275591684\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.65686035156249,\n              37.96368875328558\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"548185b0e4b0aa6d778520da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudnut, Kenneth W. 0000-0002-3168-4797 hudnut@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3168-4797","contributorId":2550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudnut","given":"Kenneth","email":"hudnut@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brocher, Thomas M. 0000-0002-9740-839X brocher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"Thomas","email":"brocher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prentice, Carol S. 0000-0003-3732-3551 cprentice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-3551","contributorId":2676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"Carol","email":"cprentice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boatwright, John 0000-0002-6931-5241 boat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6931-5241","contributorId":1938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boatwright","given":"John","email":"boat@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brooks, Benjamin A. 0000-0001-7954-6281 bbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7954-6281","contributorId":5237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Aagaard, Brad T. 0000-0002-8795-9833 baagaard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-9833","contributorId":192869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aagaard","given":"Brad","email":"baagaard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Blair, J. Luke 0000-0002-6980-6446 lblair@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6980-6446","contributorId":4146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blair","given":"J.","email":"lblair@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Luke","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fletcher, Jon Peter B. 0000-0001-8885-6177 jfletcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8885-6177","contributorId":1216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Jon","email":"jfletcher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Peter B.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Erdem, Jemile 0000-0003-2353-9431 jerdem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-9431","contributorId":127700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erdem","given":"Jemile","email":"jerdem@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wicks, Charles W. Jr. 0000-0002-0809-1328 cwicks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-1328","contributorId":127701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicks","given":"Charles","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cwicks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Murray, Jessica R. 0000-0002-6144-1681 jrmurray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6144-1681","contributorId":2759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"Jessica","email":"jrmurray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Pollitz, Fred F. fpollitz@usgs.gov","contributorId":127702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"Fred F.","email":"fpollitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Langbein, John O. 0000-0002-7821-8101 langbein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7821-8101","contributorId":3293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"John","email":"langbein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Svarc, Jerry L. 0000-0002-2802-4528 jsvarc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2802-4528","contributorId":2413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"Jerry","email":"jsvarc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Schwartz, David P. 0000-0001-5193-9200 dschwartz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9200","contributorId":1940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"David","email":"dschwartz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Ponti, Daniel J. 0000-0002-2437-5144 dponti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2437-5144","contributorId":1020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponti","given":"Daniel","email":"dponti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Hecker, Suzanne 0000-0002-5054-372X shecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-372X","contributorId":3553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hecker","given":"Suzanne","email":"shecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"DeLong, Stephen B. 0000-0002-0945-2172 sdelong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0945-2172","contributorId":5240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLong","given":"Stephen","email":"sdelong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Rosa, Carla M. crosa@usgs.gov","contributorId":5306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosa","given":"Carla","email":"crosa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Jones, Brenda 0000-0003-4941-5349 bkjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-5349","contributorId":2994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Brenda","email":"bkjones@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Lamb, Rynn M. 0000-0001-6054-4139 lamb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6054-4139","contributorId":4038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"Rynn","email":"lamb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Rosinski, Anne M.","contributorId":127655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosinski","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. Geol. Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"McCrink, Timothy P.","contributorId":92408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCrink","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. Geol. Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Dawson, Timothy E.","contributorId":24429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dawson","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. Geol. Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Seitz, Gordon G.","contributorId":17303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"Gordon G.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. Geol. Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Glennie, Craig","contributorId":100761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glennie","given":"Craig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Hauser, Darren","contributorId":34061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauser","given":"Darren","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Ericksen, Todd","contributorId":127703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ericksen","given":"Todd","affiliations":[{"id":7100,"text":"University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Inst. of Geophysics & Planetology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Mardock, Dan","contributorId":127657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mardock","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7101,"text":"California Department of Water Resources, Geodetic Branch","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Hoirup, Don F.","contributorId":100748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoirup","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Bray, Jonathan D. 0000-0001-9368-4365","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9368-4365","contributorId":127658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bray","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7102,"text":"University of California, Berkeley, Dept. of Civil & Envir. Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Rubin, Ron S.","contributorId":127696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rubin","given":"Ron","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. Geol. Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32}]}}
,{"id":70133052,"text":"pp180110 - 2014 - Natural hazards and risk reduction in Hawaii","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70133052,"text":"pp180110 - 2014 - Natural hazards and risk reduction in Hawaii","indexId":"pp180110","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"10","displayTitle":"Natural hazards and risk reduction in Hawai'i","title":"Natural hazards and risk reduction in Hawaii"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T19:07:19.094817","indexId":"pp180110","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"10","displayTitle":"Natural hazards and risk reduction in Hawai'i","title":"Natural hazards and risk reduction in Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p>Significant progress has been made over the past century in understanding, characterizing, and communicating the societal risks posed by volcanic, earthquake, and tsunami hazards in Hawai&lsquo;i. The work of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO), with a century-long commitment to serving the public with credible hazards information, contributed substantially to this global progress. Thomas A. Jaggar, Jr., HVO&rsquo;s founder, advocated that a scientific approach to understanding these hazards would result in strategies to mitigate their damaging effects. The resultant hazard-reduction methods range from prediction of eruptions and tsunamis, thereby providing early warnings for timely evacuation (if needed), to diversion of lava flows away from high-value infrastructure, such as hospitals. In addition to long-term volcano monitoring and multifaceted studies to better understand eruptive and seismic phenomena, HVO has continually and effectively communicated&mdash;through its publications, Web site, and public education/outreach programs&mdash;hazards information to emergency-management authorities, news media, and the public.</p>\n<p>Although HVO has been an important global player in advancing natural hazards studies during the past 100 years, it faces major challenges in the future, among which the following command special attention: (1) the preparation of an updated volcano hazards assessment and map for the Island of Hawai&lsquo;i, taking into account not only high-probability lava flow hazards, but also hazards posed by low-probability, high-risk events (for instance, pyroclastic flows, regional ashfalls, volcano flank collapse and associated megatsunamis), and (2) the continuation of timely and effective communications of hazards information to all stakeholders and the general public, using all available means (conventional print media, enhanced Web presence, public-education/outreach programs, and social-media approaches).</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp180110","usgsCitation":"Kauahikaua, J.P., and Tilling, R.I., 2014, Natural hazards and risk reduction in Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp180110.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"397","endPage":"427","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045276","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp180110.PNG"},{"id":299359,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap10_Tilling.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296665,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9c0e4b027f0aee3bb21","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543987,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543988,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543989,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Kauahikaua, James P. 0000-0003-3777-503X jimk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3777-503X","contributorId":2146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauahikaua","given":"James","email":"jimk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tilling, Robert I. 0000-0003-4263-7221 rtilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7221","contributorId":2567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilling","given":"Robert","email":"rtilling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":527133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70135449,"text":"pp18015 - 2014 - Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70135449,"text":"pp18015 - 2014 - Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp18015","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"5","title":"Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T18:52:33.520536","indexId":"pp18015","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"5","title":"Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes","docAbstract":"<p>The characteristics of magma supply, storage, and transport are among the most critical parameters governing volcanic activity, yet they remain largely unconstrained because all three processes are hidden beneath the surface. Hawaiian volcanoes, particularly Kīlauea and Mauna Loa, offer excellent prospects for studying subsurface magmatic processes, owing to their accessibility and frequent eruptive and intrusive activity. In addition, the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, founded in 1912, maintains long records of geological, geophysical, and geochemical data. As a result, Hawaiian volcanoes have served as both a model for basaltic volcanism in general and a starting point for many studies of volcanic processes.</p>\n<p>Magma supply to Hawaiian volcanoes has varied over millions of years but is presently at a high level. Supply to Kīlauea&rsquo;s shallow magmatic system averages about 0.1 km<sup>3</sup>/yr and fluctuates on timescales of months to years due to changes in pressure within the summit reservoir system, as well as in the volume of melt supplied by the source hot spot. Magma plumbing systems beneath Kīlauea and Mauna Loa are complex and are best constrained at Kīlauea. Multiple regions of magma storage characterize Kīlauea&rsquo;s summit, and two pairs of rift zones, one providing a shallow magma pathway and the other forming a structural boundary within the volcano, radiate from the summit to carry magma to intrusion/eruption sites located nearby or tens of kilometers from the caldera. Whether or not magma is present within the deep rift zone, which extends beneath the structural rift zones at ~3-km depth to the base of the volcano at ~9-km depth, remains an open question, but we suggest that most magma entering Kīlauea must pass through the summit reservoir system before entering the rift zones. Mauna Loa&rsquo;s summit magma storage system includes at least two interconnected reservoirs, with one centered beneath the south margin of the caldera and the other elongated along the axis of the caldera. Transport of magma within shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes occurs through dikes that can evolve into long-lived pipe-like pathways. The ratio of eruptive to noneruptive dikes is large in Hawai&lsquo;i, compared to other basaltic volcanoes (in Iceland, for example), because Hawaiian dikes tend to be intruded with high driving pressures. Passive dike intrusions also occur, motivated at Kīlauea by rift opening in response to seaward slip of the volcano&rsquo;s south flank.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18015","usgsCitation":"Poland, M.P., Miklius, A., and Montgomery-Brown, E.K., 2014, Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18015.","productDescription":"56 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036759","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299350,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18015.PNG"},{"id":299349,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap5_Poland.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296671,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9bfe4b027f0aee3bb1e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543962,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543963,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543964,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":127857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miklius, Asta 0000-0002-2286-1886 asta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-1886","contributorId":2060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miklius","given":"Asta","email":"asta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery-Brown, Emily K. emontgomery-brown@usgs.gov","contributorId":5300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery-Brown","given":"Emily","email":"emontgomery-brown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70173700,"text":"70173700 - 2014 - Trap configuration and spacing influences parameter estimates in spatial capture-recapture models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T13:55:38","indexId":"70173700","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trap configuration and spacing influences parameter estimates in spatial capture-recapture models","docAbstract":"<p><span>An increasing number of studies employ spatial capture-recapture models to estimate population size, but there has been limited research on how different spatial sampling designs and trap configurations influence parameter estimators. Spatial capture-recapture models provide an advantage over non-spatial models by explicitly accounting for heterogeneous detection probabilities among individuals that arise due to the spatial organization of individuals relative to sampling devices. We simulated black bear (</span><i>Ursus americanus)</i><span>&nbsp;populations and spatial capture-recapture data to evaluate the influence of trap configuration and trap spacing on estimates of population size and a spatial scale parameter, sigma, that relates to home range size. We varied detection probability and home range size, and considered three trap configurations common to large-mammal mark-recapture studies: regular spacing, clustered, and a temporal sequence of different cluster configurations (i.e., trap relocation). We explored trap spacing and number of traps per cluster by varying the number of traps. The clustered arrangement performed well when detection rates were low, and provides for easier field implementation than the sequential trap arrangement. However, performance differences between trap configurations diminished as home range size increased. Our simulations suggest it is important to consider trap spacing relative to home range sizes, with traps ideally spaced no more than twice the spatial scale parameter. While spatial capture-recapture models can accommodate different sampling designs and still estimate parameters with accuracy and precision, our simulations demonstrate that aspects of sampling design, namely trap configuration and spacing, must consider study area size, ranges of individual movement, and home range sizes in the study population.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0088025","usgsCitation":"Sun, C.C., Fuller, A.K., and Royle, J., 2014, Trap configuration and spacing influences parameter estimates in spatial capture-recapture models: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 2, e88025; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088025.","productDescription":"e88025; 9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049687","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472537,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323113,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":323105,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141634","text":"Correction: October 23, 2015"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f065e4b04f417c24dd36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sun, Catherine C.","contributorId":70274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sun","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Angela K. 0000-0002-9247-7468 afuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-7468","contributorId":3984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Angela","email":"afuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167 aroyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":138865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173734,"text":"70173734 - 2014 - Space use and resource selection by foraging Indiana bats at the northern edge of their distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T14:59:50","indexId":"70173734","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1497,"text":"Endangered Species Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Space use and resource selection by foraging Indiana bats at the northern edge of their distribution","docAbstract":"<p><span>Despite 4 decades of conservation concern, managing endangered Indiana bat (</span><i>Myotis sodalis</i><span>) populations remains a difficult wildlife resource issue facing natural resource managers in the eastern United States. After small signs of population recovery, the recent emergence of white-nose syndrome has led to concerns of local and/or regional extirpation of the species. Where Indiana bats persist, retaining high-quality foraging areas will be critical to meet physiological needs and ensure successful recruitment and overwinter survival. However, insight into foraging behavior has been lacking in the Northeast of the USA. We radio-tracked 12 Indiana bats over 2 summers at Fort Drum, New York, to evaluate factors influencing Indiana bat resource selection during night-time foraging. We found that foraging space use decreased 2% for every 100 m increase in distance to water and 6% for every 100 m away from the forest edge. This suggests high use of riparian areas in close proximity to forest and is somewhat consistent with the species&rsquo; foraging ecology in the Midwest and upper South. Given the importance of providing access to high-quality foraging areas during the summer maternity season, Indiana bat conservation at the northern extent of the species&rsquo; range will be linked to retention of forested habitat in close proximity to riparian zones.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/esr00594","usgsCitation":"Jachowski, D.S., Johnson, J.B., Dobony, C.A., Edwards, J.W., and Ford, W.M., 2014, Space use and resource selection by foraging Indiana bats at the northern edge of their distribution: Endangered Species Research, v. 24, no. 2, p. 149-157, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00594.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"157","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053072","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472550,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00594","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323407,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9336e4b04f417c275185","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jachowski, David S.","contributorId":82966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachowski","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Joshua B.","contributorId":171598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dobony, Christopher A.","contributorId":171455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dobony","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, John W.","contributorId":169827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edwards","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark wford@usgs.gov","contributorId":3858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.","email":"wford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":638026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70148011,"text":"70148011 - 2014 - Satellite tracking of the migration of Whooper Swans <i>Cygnus cygnus</i> wintering in Japan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T13:51:06","indexId":"70148011","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3889,"text":"Ornithological Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite tracking of the migration of Whooper Swans <i>Cygnus cygnus</i> wintering in Japan","docAbstract":"<p>We satellite-tracked Whooper Swans Cygnus cygnus wintering in northern Japan to document their migration routes and timing, and to identify breeding areas. From 47 swans that we marked at Lake Izunuma-Uchinuma, Miyagi Prefecture, northeast Honshu, and at Lake Kussharo, east Hokkaido, we observed 57 spring and 33 autumn migrations from 2009-2012. In spring, swans migrated north along Sakhalin Island from eastern Hokkaido using stopovers in Sakhalin, at the mouth of the Amur River and in northern coastal areas of the Sea of Okhotsk. They ultimately reached molting/breedmg areas along the Indigirka River and the lower Kolyma River in northern Russia. In autumn, the swans basically reversed the spring migration routes. We identified northern Honshu, eastern Hokkaido, coastal areas in Sakhalin, the lower Amur River and northern coastal areas of the Sea of Okhotsk as the most frequent stopover sites, and the middle reaches of the Indigirka and the lower Kolyma River as presumed breeding sites. Our results are helpful in understanding the distribution of the breeding and stopover sites of Whooper Swans wintering in Japan and in identifying their major migration habitats. Our findings contribute to understanding the potential transmission process of avian influenza viruses potentially carried by swans, and provide information necessary to conserve Whooper Swans in East Asia.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ornithological Society of Japan","publisherLocation":"Tokyo, Japan","doi":"10.2326/osj.13.67","usgsCitation":"Shimada, T., Yamaguchi, N.M., Hijikata, N., Hiraoka, E.N., Hupp, J.W., Flint, P.L., Tokita, K., Fujita, G., Uchida, K., Sato, F., Kurechi, M., Pearce, J.M., Ramey, A.M., and Higuchi, H., 2014, Satellite tracking of the migration of Whooper Swans <i>Cygnus cygnus</i> wintering in Japan: Ornithological Science, v. 13, no. 2, p. 67-75, https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.13.67.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"75","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057076","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495024,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.13.67","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ELFTSV","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Tracking Data for Whooper Swans (Cygnus cygnus)"},{"id":308151,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              140.18554687499997,\n              41.27780646738183\n            ],\n            [\n              140.888671875,\n              41.541477666790286\n            ],\n            [\n              141.5478515625,\n              41.409775832009565\n            ],\n            [\n              141.416015625,\n              40.613952441166596\n            ],\n            [\n              141.9873046875,\n              39.80853604144591\n            ],\n            [\n              142.11914062499997,\n              38.95940879245423\n            ],\n            [\n              141.5478515625,\n              38.16911413556086\n            ],\n            [\n              141.064453125,\n              37.92686760148135\n            ],\n            [\n              141.1962890625,\n              37.09023980307208\n            ],\n            [\n              140.66894531249997,\n              36.421282443649496\n            ],\n            [\n              140.9765625,\n              35.71083783530009\n            ],\n            [\n              140.80078125,\n              34.92197103616377\n            ],\n            [\n              138.1640625,\n              34.488447837809304\n            ],\n            [\n              137.109375,\n              34.52466147177172\n            ],\n            [\n              136.8896484375,\n              34.125447565116126\n            ],\n            [\n              135.6591796875,\n              33.284619968887704\n            ],\n            [\n              134.9560546875,\n              33.8339199536547\n            ],\n            [\n              135.0439453125,\n              34.19817309627726\n            ],\n            [\n              135.35156249999997,\n              34.63320791137959\n            ],\n            [\n              135.791015625,\n              36.06686213257888\n            ],\n            [\n              136.58203125,\n              37.26530995561875\n            ],\n            [\n              137.1533203125,\n              37.71859032558816\n            ],\n            [\n              137.548828125,\n              37.50972584293751\n            ],\n            [\n              137.1533203125,\n              37.125286284966805\n            ],\n            [\n              137.2412109375,\n              36.87962060502676\n            ],\n            [\n              138.2080078125,\n              37.405073750176946\n            ],\n            [\n              139.306640625,\n              38.20365531807149\n            ],\n            [\n              139.3505859375,\n              39.57182223734374\n            ],\n            [\n              139.70214843749997,\n              40.111688665595956\n            ],\n            [\n              139.70214843749997,\n              40.68063802521456\n            ],\n            [\n              140.18554687499997,\n              41.27780646738183\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92d3e4b05d6c4e501acd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shimada, Tetsuo","contributorId":52065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shimada","given":"Tetsuo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yamaguchi, Noriyuki M.","contributorId":55308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yamaguchi","given":"Noriyuki","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hijikata, N.","contributorId":140881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hijikata","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hiraoka, Emiko N.","contributorId":75043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiraoka","given":"Emiko","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tokita, Ken-ichi","contributorId":9150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tokita","given":"Ken-ichi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fujita, Go","contributorId":139714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujita","given":"Go","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7267,"text":"University of Tokyo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Uchida, Kiyoshi","contributorId":140519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Uchida","given":"Kiyoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sato, F.","contributorId":34718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sato","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kurechi, Masayuki","contributorId":98678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurechi","given":"Masayuki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Higuchi, Hiroyoshi","contributorId":69850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higuchi","given":"Hiroyoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70104798,"text":"pp18014 - 2014 - Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70104798,"text":"pp18014 - 2014 - Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp18014","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"4","title":"Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T18:51:31.716552","indexId":"pp18014","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"4","title":"Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes","docAbstract":"<p>Hawaiian volcanoes build long rift zones and some of the largest volcanic edifices on Earth. For the active volcanoes on the Island of Hawai&lsquo;i, the growth of these rift zones is upward and seaward and occurs through a repetitive process of decades-long buildup of a magma-system head along the rift zones, followed by rapid large-scale displacement of the seaward flank in seconds to minutes. This large-scale flank movement, which may be rapid enough to generate a large earthquake and tsunami, always causes subsidence along the coast, opening of the rift zone, and collapse of the magma-system head. If magma continues to flow into the conduit and out into the rift system, then the cycle of growth and collapse begins again. This pattern characterizes currently active Kīlauea Volcano, where periods of upward and seaward growth along rift zones were punctuated by large (&gt;10 m) and rapid flank displacements in 1823, 1868, 1924, and 1975. At the much larger Mauna Loa volcano, rapid flank movements have occurred only twice in the past 200 years, in 1868 and 1951.</p>\n<p>All seaward flank movement occurs along a detachment fault, or d&eacute;collement, that forms within the mixture of pelagic clays and volcaniclastic deposits on the old seafloor and pushes up a bench of debris along the distal margin of the flank. The offshore uplift that builds this bench is generated by d&eacute;collement slip that terminates upward into the overburden along thrust faults. Finite strain and finite strength models for volcano growth on a low-friction d&eacute;collement reproduce this bench structure, as well as much of the morphology and patterns of faulting observed on the actively growing volcanoes of Mauna Loa and Kīlauea. These models show how stress is stored within growing volcano flanks, but not how rapid, potentially seismic slip is triggered along their d&eacute;collements. The imbalance of forces that triggers large, rapid seaward displacement of the flank after decades of creep may result either from driving forces that change rapidly, such as magma pressure gradients; from resisting forces that rapidly diminish with slip, such as those arising from coupling of pore pressure and dilatancy within d&eacute;collement sediment; or, from some interplay between driving and resisting forces that produces flank motion. Our understanding of the processes of flank motion is limited by available data, though recent studies have increased our ability to quantitatively address flank instability and associated hazards.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18014","usgsCitation":"Denlinger, R.P., and Morgan, J.K., 2014, Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18014.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"176","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042086","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18014.PNG"},{"id":299346,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap4_Denlinger.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296670,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9bde4b027f0aee3bb18","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543957,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543958,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543959,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Denlinger, Roger P. 0000-0003-0930-0635 roger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-0635","contributorId":2679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denlinger","given":"Roger","email":"roger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, Julia K.","contributorId":127859,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morgan","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7173,"text":"Rice University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":527145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70106955,"text":"pp18018 - 2014 - The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70106955,"text":"pp18018 - 2014 - The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study","indexId":"pp18018","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"8","title":"The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T19:06:09.708523","indexId":"pp18018","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"8","title":"The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study","docAbstract":"<p>This chapter, prepared in celebration of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatoryʼs centennial, provides a historical lens through which to view modern paradigms of Hawaiian-style eruption dynamics. The models presented here draw heavily from observations, monitoring, and experiments conducted on Kīlauea Volcano, which, as the site of frequent and accessible eruptions, has attracted scientists from around the globe. Long-lived eruptions in particular&mdash;Halema&lsquo;uma&lsquo;u 1907&ndash;24, Kīlauea Iki 1959, Mauna Ulu 1969&ndash;74, Pu&lsquo;u &lsquo;Ō&lsquo;ō-Kupaianaha 1983&ndash;present, and Halema&lsquo;uma&lsquo;u 2008&ndash;present&mdash;have offered incomparable opportunities to conceptualize and constrain theoretical models with multidisciplinary data and to field-test model results. The central theme in our retrospective is the interplay of magmatic gas and near-liquidus basaltic melt. A century of study has shown that gas exsolution facilitates basaltic dike propagation; volatile solubility and vesiculation kinetics influence magma-rise rates and fragmentation depths; bubble interactions and gas-melt decoupling modulate magma rheology, eruption intensity, and plume dynamics; and pyroclast outgassing controls characteristics of eruption deposits. Looking to the future, we anticipate research leading to a better understanding of how eruptive activity is influenced by volatiles, including the physics of mixed CO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O degassing, gas segregation in nonuniform conduits, and vaporization of external H<sub>2</sub>O during magma ascent.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18018","usgsCitation":"Mangan, M.T., Cashman, K., and Swanson, D., 2014, The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18018.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"354","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045277","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299356,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18018.PNG"},{"id":299355,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap8_Mangan.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296663,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9c3e4b027f0aee3bb31","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543971,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543972,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543973,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Mangan, Margaret T. 0000-0002-5273-8053 mmangan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-8053","contributorId":3343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangan","given":"Margaret","email":"mmangan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cashman, Katharine V.","contributorId":40097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cashman","given":"Katharine V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":3137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70174179,"text":"70174179 - 2014 - Contaminants of legacy and emerging concern in largescale suckers (Catostomus macrocheilus) and the foodweb in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T16:07:58","indexId":"70174179","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminants of legacy and emerging concern in largescale suckers (Catostomus macrocheilus) and the foodweb in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>We investigated occurrence, transport pathways, and effects of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants and other endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in aquatic media and the foodweb in the lower Columbia River. In 2009 and 2010, foodweb sampling at three sites along a gradient of contaminant exposure near Skamania (Washington), Columbia City (Oregon) and Longview (Washington) included water (via passive samplers), bed sediment, invertebrate biomass residing in sediment, a resident fish species (largescale suckers [</span><i>Catostomus macrocheilus</i><span>]), and eggs from osprey (</span><i>Pandion haliaetus</i><span>). This paper primarily reports fish tissue concentrations. In 2009, composites of fish brain, fillet, liver, stomach, and gonad tissues revealed that overall contaminant concentrations were highest in livers, followed by brain, stomach, gonad, and fillet. Concentrations of halogenated compounds in tissue samples from all three sites ranged from &lt;&nbsp;1 to 400&nbsp;nanograms per gram of wet tissue. Several chemical classes, including PBDEs, organochlorine pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), were detected at all sites and in nearly all fish tissues sampled. In 2010, only fish livers were sampled and inter-site concentration differences were not as pronounced as in 2009. Chemical concentrations in sediments, fish tissues, and osprey eggs increased moving downstream from Skamania to the urbanized sites near Columbia City and Longview. Numerous organochlorine (OC) pesticides, both banned and currently used, and PBDEs, were present at each site in multiple media and concentrations exceeded environmental quality benchmarks in some cases. Frequently detected OC compounds included hexachlorobenzene, pentachloroanisole, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its degradates, chlorpyrifos, and oxyfluorofen. Biomagnification of BDE47, 100, 153, and 154 occurred in largescale suckers and osprey eggs. Results support the hypothesis that contaminants in the environment lead to bioaccumulation and potential negative effects in multiple levels of the foodweb.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.012","usgsCitation":"Nilsen, E.B., Zaugg, S.D., Alvarez, D.A., Morace, J.L., Waite, I.R., Counihan, T.D., Hardiman, J.M., Torres, L., Patino, R., Mesa, M.G., and Grove, R., 2014, Contaminants of legacy and emerging concern in largescale suckers (Catostomus macrocheilus) and the foodweb in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, USA: Science of the Total Environment, v. 484, p. 344-352, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.012.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"344","endPage":"352","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044063","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7g9936pw","text":"External Repository"},{"id":324543,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.15673828124999,\n              44.91813929958515\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.15673828124999,\n              46.46813299215554\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.11328124999999,\n              46.46813299215554\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.11328124999999,\n              44.91813929958515\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.15673828124999,\n              44.91813929958515\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"484","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739faee4b07657d1a90cb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nilsen, Elena B. 0000-0002-0104-6321 enilsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-6321","contributorId":923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilsen","given":"Elena","email":"enilsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zaugg, Steven D. sdzaugg@usgs.gov","contributorId":768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"Steven","email":"sdzaugg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":641085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alvarez, David A. 0000-0002-6918-2709 dalvarez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-2709","contributorId":1369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"David","email":"dalvarez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morace, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-8132-4044 jlmorace@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8132-4044","contributorId":945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morace","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlmorace@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Waite, Ian R. 0000-0003-1681-6955 iwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-6955","contributorId":616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"Ian","email":"iwaite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Counihan, Timothy D. 0000-0003-4967-6514 tcounihan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4967-6514","contributorId":4211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counihan","given":"Timothy","email":"tcounihan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hardiman, Jill M. 0000-0002-3661-9695 jhardiman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3661-9695","contributorId":2672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardiman","given":"Jill","email":"jhardiman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Torres, Leticia","contributorId":143738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Torres","given":"Leticia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mesa, Matthew G. mmesa@usgs.gov","contributorId":3423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"Matthew","email":"mmesa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Grove, Robert","contributorId":172512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70159494,"text":"70159494 - 2014 - Implications of Web Mercator and its Use in Online Mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-10T12:52:57","indexId":"70159494","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1189,"text":"Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of Web Mercator and its Use in Online Mapping","docAbstract":"<p><span>Online interactive maps have become a popular means of communicating with spatial data. In most online mapping systems, Web Mercator has become the dominant projection. While the Mercator projection has a long history of discussion about its inappropriateness for general-purpose mapping, particularly at the global scale, and seems to have been virtually phased out for general-purpose global-scale print maps, it has seen a resurgence in popularity in Web Mercator form. This article theorizes on how Web Mercator came to be widely used for online maps and what this might mean in terms of data display, technical aspects of map generation and distribution, design, and cognition of spatial patterns. The authors emphasize details of where the projection excels and where it does not, as well as some of its advantages and disadvantages for cartographic communication, and conclude with some research directions that may help to develop better solutions to the problem of projections for general-purpose, multi-scale Web mapping.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Toronto Press","doi":"10.3138/carto.49.2.2313","usgsCitation":"Battersby, S.E., Finn, M.P., Usery, E.L., and Yamamoto, K.H., 2014, Implications of Web Mercator and its Use in Online Mapping: Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization, v. 49, no. 2, p. 85-101, https://doi.org/10.3138/carto.49.2.2313.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"101","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053234","costCenters":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311160,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5643234de4b0aafbcd018018","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Battersby, Sarah E.","contributorId":138943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Battersby","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12589,"text":"University of South Carolina/ Department of Geography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finn, Michael P. 0000-0003-0415-2194 mfinn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-2194","contributorId":2657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Michael","email":"mfinn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Usery, E. Lynn 0000-0002-2766-2173 usery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-2173","contributorId":231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"E.","email":"usery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yamamoto, Kristina H. khyamamoto@usgs.gov","contributorId":4490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yamamoto","given":"Kristina","email":"khyamamoto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}