This Open-File report is a digital geologic map database. This pamphlet serves to introduce and describe the digital data. There is no paper map included in the Open-File report.
\nThis digital map database is compiled from previously published sources combined with some new mapping and modifications in nomenclature. The geologic map database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U. S. Geological Survey. For detailed descriptions of the units, their stratigraphic relations, sources of geologic mapping, and data on exploratory wells consult Yerkes (1996), and Yerkes and Showalter (1990). More specific information about the units may be available in the original sources.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97164","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R., 1997, Preliminary geologic map of the Mint Canyon 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-164, Readme: TXT; Readme: PDF, 11 p.; Complete digital package; Geology; Structure; Wells; Composite base map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97164.","productDescription":"Readme: TXT; Readme: PDF, 11 p.; Complete digital package; Geology; Structure; Wells; Composite base map","numberOfPages":"11","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284229,"rank":7,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr97164.jpg"},{"id":1904,"rank":8,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156884,"rank":1,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/pdf/of97-164.pdf"},{"id":53903,"rank":9,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/mint.txt","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":284224,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/mint.tar.gz"},{"id":284225,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/mn-geol.e00.gz"},{"id":284226,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/mn-strc.e00.gz"},{"id":284227,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/mn-wells.e00.gz"},{"id":284228,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0164/mn-topo.e00.gz"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.5,34.375 ], [ -118.5,34.5 ], [ -118.375,34.5 ], [ -118.375,34.375 ], [ -118.5,34.375 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b052","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R.F.","contributorId":105752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23262,"text":"ofr9717 - 1997 - Dissolved nutrient data for the San Francisco Bay estuary, California, February through November 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:56","indexId":"ofr9717","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-17","title":"Dissolved nutrient data for the San Francisco Bay estuary, California, February through November 1994","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr9717","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hager, S., 1997, Dissolved nutrient data for the San Francisco Bay estuary, California, February through November 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-17, iv, 34 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9717.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0017/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52549,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0017/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a26f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hager, S.W.","contributorId":51746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24945,"text":"ofr97165 - 1997 - Preliminary geologic map of the Van Nuys 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-20T22:33:07.704157","indexId":"ofr97165","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-165","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Van Nuys 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97165","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R., 1997, Preliminary geologic map of the Van Nuys 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-165, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97165.","productDescription":"11 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1918,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/of97-165","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":157310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0165/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":393168,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22979.htm"},{"id":53911,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0165/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Van Nuys 7.5' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.5,\n 34.125\n ],\n [\n -118.375,\n 34.125\n ],\n [\n -118.375,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 34.125\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a9ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R.F.","contributorId":105752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23229,"text":"ofr9785 - 1997 - Principal facts for gravity profiles collected near the Osgood Mountains and the Slumbering Hills, north-central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:58","indexId":"ofr9785","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-85","title":"Principal facts for gravity profiles collected near the Osgood Mountains and the Slumbering Hills, north-central Nevada","docAbstract":"This report presents principal facts for gravity stations collected \r\nalong profiles near the Osgood Mountains and Slumbering Hills, north-\r\ncentral Nevada. These include (1) data collected near the Osgood \r\nMountains by U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) personnel in the years \r\n1989, 1990, and 1993; and (2) data released to the USGS by Battle \r\nMountain Gold (now Battle Mountain Exploration) that were collected in \r\n1989 near the Osgood Mountains and the Slumbering Hills. \r\n\r\nThe digital data, text of this report (figures in separate files) can be \r\ndownloaded via 'anonymous ftp' from a USGS system named \r\ngreenwood.cr.usgs.gov (136.177.21.122). The files are located in a \r\ndirectory named /pub/open-file-reports/ofr-97-0085 and are described in an \r\nASCII file named readme.txt. This information is also contained below in \r\nTable 1.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9785","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Grauch, V., and Kucks, R.P., 1997, Principal facts for gravity profiles collected near the Osgood Mountains and the Slumbering Hills, north-central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-85, i, 18 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9785.","productDescription":"i, 18 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155353,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0085/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":9131,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/ofr-97-0085/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52529,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0085/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db655b16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, V.J. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":70362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kucks, Robert P.","contributorId":11648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kucks","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30516,"text":"wri974058 - 1997 - Evaluation of quality assurance/quality control data collected by the US Geological Survey for water-quality activities at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1994 through 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri974058","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4058","title":"Evaluation of quality assurance/quality control data collected by the US Geological Survey for water-quality activities at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1994 through 1995","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974058","usgsCitation":"Williams, L.M., 1997, Evaluation of quality assurance/quality control data collected by the US Geological Survey for water-quality activities at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1994 through 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4058, vii, 87 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974058.","productDescription":"vii, 87 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4058/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59298,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4058/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fabf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, L. M.","contributorId":63045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30644,"text":"wri974051 - 1997 - Water-quality assessment of the Potomac River Basin: Analysis of available pesticide data, 1972-1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-23T22:19:10.665734","indexId":"wri974051","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4051","title":"Water-quality assessment of the Potomac River Basin: Analysis of available pesticide data, 1972-1990","docAbstract":"A study of available data for the period from 1972 to 1990 was conducted to characterize the occurrence and distribution of pesticides in sur-face water, bottom material, ground water, and fish tissue in the Potomac River Basin. The study was conducted by the Potomac River study unit of the U.S. Geological Survey?s National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program. Exist-ing data coverage was evaluated to guide future data-collection activities. Data from computer data bases and from published and unpublished reports were obtained from local, State, and Fed-eral agencies in the four Potomac River Basin states and the District of Columbia. Data are available for all environmental media, but geo-graphic and temporal coverage are limited. Clusters of data occur in the north-central parts of the basin, with numerous samples at discrete loca-tions in the Shenandoah and Monocacy River Basins, along the mainstem Potomac River, in the Washington, D.C., area, and in streams along the Potomac Estuary. Much of the available surface-water and bottom-material data are from the ear-lier years of the period of interest, the ground-water data are from the middle years, and the fish-tissue data are distributed over much of the period. Overall, temporal coverage is not sufficient for analysis of trends. Comparisons between different sample media are possible in some areas of the Potomac River Basin, particularly in the northern end of the Great Valley. Residual concentrations of some pesticides have been found in surface water, bottom mate-rial, ground water, and fish tissue. Samples have been analyzed for a total of at least 69 pesticides and related compounds in surface water, bottom material, ground water, and fish tissue. Most con-centrations of the pesticides analyzed during the period from 1972 to 1990 were less than or equal to reporting limits. For surface-water samples, 13 out of 41 pes-ticides and related compounds analyzed had concentrations equal to or greater than the report-ing limits. Compounds reported in surface water included 2,4-D, atrazine, aldrin, chlordane, DDT and related compounds, dieldrin, endrin, lindane, prometone, prometryne, and simazine. For bottom material samples, 19 of 31 pesticides and related compounds analyzed had concentrations equal to or greater than the reporting limits. Compounds reported in bottom material included aldrin, chlor-dane, DDT and related compounds, diazinon, dieldrin, endosulfan, endrin, ethion, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, lindane, parathion, and tox-aphene. In ground-water samples, 14 of 39 pesticides and related compounds analyzed had concentrations equal to or greater than the report-ing limits. Compounds reported in ground water included 2,4-D, atrazine, chlordane, cyanazine, DDT and related compounds, diazinon, dieldrin, endosulfan, endrin, heptachlor epoxide, malathion, methyl parathion, simazine. For fish- tissue sam-ples, 30 of the 37 pesticides and related compounds analyzed had concentrations equal to or greater than the reporting limits. Compounds reported included aldrin, chlorpyrifos, dacthal, dieldrin, endrin, HCB, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, methoxychlor, mirex, PCA, toxaphene, and those compounds related to chlordane, DDT, and lindane.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974051","usgsCitation":"Zappia, H., and Fisher, G.T., 1997, Water-quality assessment of the Potomac River Basin: Analysis of available pesticide data, 1972-1990: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4051, vi, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974051.","productDescription":"vi, 80 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":409622,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48680.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":2974,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri97-4051/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.40178823593888,\n 37.65794505005405\n ],\n [\n -76.37824625351843,\n 38.301229478300314\n ],\n [\n -76.8255439195046,\n 39.079107957312715\n ],\n [\n -77.89278045589265,\n 40.095072678584046\n ],\n [\n -79.038490267015,\n 40.05904500730813\n ],\n [\n -79.10911621427597,\n 39.613137977554885\n ],\n [\n -79.16404750659025,\n 39.17650773127431\n ],\n [\n -78.92862768238693,\n 39.01816471840888\n ],\n [\n -78.858001735126,\n 38.7493902362304\n ],\n [\n -78.92862768238693,\n 38.325858467103956\n ],\n [\n -78.66966589477695,\n 38.15327994514931\n ],\n [\n -78.37218020068697,\n 37.839014937917185\n ],\n [\n -77.90918787975411,\n 38.774977634304236\n ],\n [\n -77.30494366429888,\n 38.148229913151\n ],\n [\n -76.65361548400368,\n 37.7646095133546\n ],\n [\n -76.40178823593888,\n 37.65794505005405\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6e32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zappia, Humbert","contributorId":79093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zappia","given":"Humbert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Gary T. gtfisher@usgs.gov","contributorId":4931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Gary","email":"gtfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":203594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22465,"text":"ofr9724 - 1997 - Pesticides associated with suspended sediments in the San Francisco Bay Estuary, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-26T16:19:21","indexId":"ofr9724","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-24","title":"Pesticides associated with suspended sediments in the San Francisco Bay Estuary, California","docAbstract":"During the study of inputs of sediment-associated pesticides into the San Francisco Bay Estuary, suspended sediments were isolated from large-volume water samples collected over several years at various stations in Suisun Bay and also covering the principal inputs and outlet. The samples were analyzed for 21 pesticides and pesticide degradation products to provide information about the source and fate of pesticides associated with suspended sediments in the estuary. Where multiple samples were collected and analyzed, the data were averaged to provide a more general picture of pesticide transport.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9724","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Bergamaschi, B., Crepeau, K.L., and Kuivila, K., 1997, Pesticides associated with suspended sediments in the San Francisco Bay Estuary, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-24, iii, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9724.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0024/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51985,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0024/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.52365112304688,\n 37.41925395973696\n ],\n [\n -122.52365112304688,\n 38.15831665744203\n ],\n [\n -121.44012451171874,\n 38.15831665744203\n ],\n [\n -121.44012451171874,\n 37.41925395973696\n ],\n [\n -122.52365112304688,\n 37.41925395973696\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64961c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":73241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crepeau, Kathryn L. kcrepeau@usgs.gov","contributorId":3943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crepeau","given":"Kathryn","email":"kcrepeau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":188303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuivila, Kathryn 0000-0001-7940-489X kkuivila@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-489X","contributorId":1367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"Kathryn ","email":"kkuivila@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":188302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24403,"text":"ofr9750 - 1997 - Hydrogeologic data for the Blaine aquifer and associated units in southwestern Oklahoma and northwestern Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:16","indexId":"ofr9750","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-50","title":"Hydrogeologic data for the Blaine aquifer and associated units in southwestern Oklahoma and northwestern Texas","docAbstract":"This report is a compilation of hydrogeologic data collected for an areal ground-water investigation of the Blaine aquifer and associated units in southwestern Oklahoma and northwestern Texas. The study area includes parts of Greer, Harmon, and Jackson counties in Oklahoma and parts of Childress, Collingsworth, Hall, Hardeman, and Wilbarger counties in Texas. The Blaine aquifer consists of cavernous gypsum and dolomite beds. Water from the Blaine aquifer supports a local agriculture based mainly on irrigated cotton and wheat. The purpose of the study was to determine the availability, quantity, and quality of ground water from the Blaine aquifer and associated units. This report provides a reference for some of the data that was used as input into a computer ground-water flow model that simulates ground-water flow in the Blaine aquifer. The data in this report consists of: (1) Monthly or periodic water-level measurements in 134 wells; (2) daily mean water-level measurements for 11 wells equipped with water-level recorders; (3) daily total precipitation measurements from five precipitation gages; (4) low-flow stream-discharge measurements for 89 stream sites; (5) miscellaneous stream-discharge measurements at seven stream sites; (6) chemical analyses of surface water from 78 stream sites during low-flow periods; (7) chemical analyses of ground water from 41 wells; and (8) chemical analyses of runoff water collected at five sites.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr9750","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Runkle, D., Bergman, D.L., and Fabian, R., 1997, Hydrogeologic data for the Blaine aquifer and associated units in southwestern Oklahoma and northwestern Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-50, viii, 213 p. (1 folded) :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9750.","productDescription":"viii, 213 p. (1 folded) :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0050/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53494,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0050/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628b4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runkle, D. L.","contributorId":57081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkle","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergman, D. L.","contributorId":93038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fabian, R.S.","contributorId":70425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fabian","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":27693,"text":"wri974073 - 1997 - Estimates of bridge scour at two sites on the Virgin River, southeastern Nevada, using a sediment-transport model and historical geomorphic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:40","indexId":"wri974073","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4073","title":"Estimates of bridge scour at two sites on the Virgin River, southeastern Nevada, using a sediment-transport model and historical geomorphic data","docAbstract":"A bridge-scour study by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Nevada Department of Transportation, began in April 1996 to evaluate the Mesquite, Nevada, and Riverside, Nevada, bridges on the lower Virgin River using a sediment-transport model and historical geomorphic data. The BRIdge Stream Tube model for Alluvial River Simulation (BRI-STARS) was used to estimate bridge scour. The model was first calibrated using data for the Virgin River flood of March 12, 1995. Surveyed channel-geometry data were available at 11 cross sections for dates before and after the March 1995 flood to allow for evaluation of the model results. The model estimated the thalweg altitude within plus or minus 1 meter at 10 of the 11 cross sections. \r\nThe calibrated model then was used to estimate the contraction, channel, pier, and total scour for synthesized hydrographs for 100- and 500-year floods at the two bridge sites. The estimated maximum total scour at the Mesquite bridge was 1.30 meters for the 100-year flood and 1.32 meters for the 500-year flood. The maximum total scour at the Riverside bridge was 1.90 meters for the 100-year flood and 2.01 meters for the 500-year flood. \r\n\r\nGeneral scour was evaluated using stage-discharge relations at nearby streamflow-gaging stations, 1993-95 channel-geometry data, and channel-geometry data for the 100- and 500-year floods. On the basis of stage and discharge at the Littlefield, Arizona, gaging station, no long-term trend in aggradation or degradation was found. However, several cycles of aggradation and degradation had occurred during the period of record; the difference between the highest and lowest stage was 0.87 meter for a chosen low-flow discharge of 5.66 cubic meters per second for 1929-95. The value of 0.87 meter is probably the best estimate of general scour. The cross sections had an average scour depth of 0.07 meter between 1993 and 1994 and 0.16 meter between 1994 and 1995. The model simulated little general scour for the 100- and 500-year floods at the cross sections and did not give a good estimate of general scour, probably because the duration (days) of the floods used in the model was relatively short when compared with the duration (months or years) of geomorphic processes that influence long-term aggradation or degradation. \r\n\r\nHistorical geomorphic changes of the Virgin River at the bridge sites and the causes of those changes were documented using aerial photographs from 1938-95 and other historical information. The Virgin River has become narrower and more sinuous through time, the vegetation on the flood plain has increased, and the channel has shifted laterally many times. The processes associated with these channel changes were found to be long-term changes in precipitation and streamflow; the duration, magnitude, and timing of floods; sediment-transport characteristics; channel avulsion; changes in density of vegetation; and anthropogenic influences.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974073","usgsCitation":"Hilmes, M., and Vaill, J.E., 1997, Estimates of bridge scour at two sites on the Virgin River, southeastern Nevada, using a sediment-transport model and historical geomorphic data: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4073, iv, 72 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974073.","productDescription":"iv, 72 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2227,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri974073","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4073/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56543,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fcc97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hilmes, M.M.","contributorId":102919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilmes","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vaill, J. E.","contributorId":86362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaill","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28090,"text":"wri974048 - 1997 - Surface-water quality changes after 5 years of nutrient management in the Little Conestoga Creek headwaters, Pennsylvania, 1989-91","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-03T19:36:58.030038","indexId":"wri974048","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4048","title":"Surface-water quality changes after 5 years of nutrient management in the Little Conestoga Creek headwaters, Pennsylvania, 1989-91","docAbstract":"A 5.82-square-mile drainage basin in the headwaters of the Little Conestoga Creek in Lancaster County, Pa., was investigated from October 1989 through September 1991 as part of a longer-term effort to determine the effects of nutrient management on surface-water quality. A previous investigation found no statistical evidence that implementation of nutrient management from 1986 to 1989 affected water quality. Basin land use is 68 percent agriculture and includes all or part of 51 farms. Agricultural land under nutrient management ranged from 55 percent in 1989 to 80 percent in 1991. Nitrate nitrogen, the dominant nonpoint-source contaminant, averaged about 7.5 milligrams per liter in base flow.
Implementation of nutrient management on 90 percent of applicable land in a 1.42-square-mile subbasin resulted in a 7 percent decrease in nitrogen applications from before nutrient management. Recognizing that some uncertainty exists in the nutrient-application data, the decrease consisted of a 44-percent decrease in commercial fertilizer nitrogen combined with a 3-percent increase in manure nitrogen applications. Manure accounted for 83 percent of the applied nitrogen. Amounts of nitrate nitrogen in the top 4 feet of soil ranged from 43 to 315 pounds per acre in the subbasin and were not substantially reduced from before nutrient management.
Statistical analysis of nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations detected few significant step trends in water quality in a comparison with water quality before nutrient management. A decrease in base-flow concentrations of dissolved ammonium and suspended sediment was detected at a site draining a 1.43-square-mile subbasin with 40-percent implementation of nutrient-management plans. An increase in base-flow concentrations of suspended sediment was detected at a site draining the 1.42-square-mile subbasin with 90-percent implementation. A comparison of the dissolved nitrate plus nitrite in base-flow relations between paired subbasins detected no change from 1984-86 (before nutrient management) to 1989-91. Mean concentrations in stormflow were not reduced significantly from 1984-86 to
1989-91. Data collected during the entire 1986-91 nutrient-management period suggest a reduction in nitrogen input as large as the
30-percent reduction recorded from 1986-89 is needed to effect a 0.5-milligram-per-liter decrease in dissolved nitrate plus nitrite.
Director, Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97168","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., 1997, Alaska resource data file: Cold Bay quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-168, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97168.","productDescription":"17 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1290,"rank":4,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":154901,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0168/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51225,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0168/ofr97168.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":403946,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_37193.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cold Bay quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -164,\n 55\n ],\n [\n -162,\n 55\n ],\n [\n -162,\n 56\n ],\n [\n -164,\n 56\n ],\n [\n -164,\n 55\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688e2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21681,"text":"ofr97447B - 1997 - The COALPROD database; historical production data for the major coal-producing regions of the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:59","indexId":"ofr97447B","displayToPublicDate":"1997-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-447","chapter":"B","title":"The COALPROD database; historical production data for the major coal-producing regions of the conterminous United States","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr97447B","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Milici, R.C., 1997, The COALPROD database; historical production data for the major coal-producing regions of the conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-447, 1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97447B.","productDescription":"1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9129,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/of97-447/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad2e4b07f02db681c0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milici, Robert C. rmilici@usgs.gov","contributorId":563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milici","given":"Robert","email":"rmilici@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185281,"text":"70185281 - 1997 - Sequestration of hydrophobic organic contaminants by geosorbents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T14:45:19","indexId":"70185281","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sequestration of hydrophobic organic contaminants by geosorbents","docAbstract":"The chemical interactions of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) with soils and sediments (geosorbents) may result in strong binding and slow subsequent release rates that significantly affect remediation rates and endpoints. The underlying physical and chemical phenomena potentially responsible for this apparent sequestration of HOCs by geosorbents are not well understood. This challenges our concepts for assessing exposure and toxicity and for setting environmental quality criteria. Currently there are no direct observational data revealing the molecular-scale locations in which nonpolar organic compounds accumulate when associated with natural soils or sediments. Hence macroscopic observations are used to make inferences about sorption mechanisms and the chemical factors affecting the sequestration of HOCs by geosorbents. Recent observations suggest that HOC interactions with geosorbents comprise different inorganic and organic surfaces and matrices, and distinctions may be drawn along these lines, particularly with regard to the roles of inorganic micropores, natural sorbent organic matter components, combustion residue particulate carbon, and spilled organic liquids. Certain manipulations of sorbates or sorbent media may help reveal sorption mechanisms, but mixed sorption phenomena complicate the interpretation of macroscopic data regarding diffusion of HOCs into and out of different matrices and the hysteretic sorption and aging effects commonly observed for geosorbents. Analytical characterizations at the microscale, and mechanistic models derived therefrom, are needed to advance scientific knowledge of HOC sequestration, release, and environmental risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es970512m","usgsCitation":"Luthy, R.G., Aiken, G.R., Brusseau, M.L., Cunningham, S.D., Gschwend, P.M., Pignatello, J.J., Reinhard, M., Traina, S.J., Weber, W.J., and Westall, J.C., 1997, Sequestration of hydrophobic organic contaminants by geosorbents: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 12, p. 3341-3347, https://doi.org/10.1021/es970512m.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"3341","endPage":"3347","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337818,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf5a0e4b0849ce97f0cfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luthy, Richard G.","contributorId":99280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luthy","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brusseau, Mark L.","contributorId":189434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brusseau","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cunningham, Scott D.","contributorId":189501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gschwend, Philip M.","contributorId":189502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gschwend","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pignatello, Joseph J.","contributorId":9143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pignatello","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reinhard, Martin","contributorId":187403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reinhard","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Traina, Samuel J.","contributorId":189503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Traina","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Weber, Walter J. Jr.","contributorId":189504,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weber","given":"Walter","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Westall, John C.","contributorId":189505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Westall","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70114635,"text":"70114635 - 1997 - 1993 annual status report: a summary of fish data in six reaches of the upper Mississippi River system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-15T14:01:55","indexId":"70114635","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T12:32:55","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":322,"text":"Long Term Resource Monitoring Program","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-P008","title":"1993 annual status report: a summary of fish data in six reaches of the upper Mississippi River system","docAbstract":"The Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) completed 1,994 collections of fishes from stratified random and permanently fixed sampling locations in six study reaches of the Upper Mississippi River System during 1993. Collection methods included day and night electrofishing, hoop netting, fyke netting (two net sizes), gill netting, seining, and trawling in select aquatic area classes. The six LTRMP study reaches are Pools 4 (excluding Lake Pepin), 8, 13, and 26 of the Upper Mississippi River, an unimpounded reach of the Mississippi River near Cape Girardeau, Missouri, and the La Grange Pool of the Illinois River. A total of 62-78 fish species were detected in each study reach. For each of the six LTRMP study reaches, this report contains summaries of: (1) sampling efforts in each combination of gear type and aquatic area class, (2) total catches of each species from each gear type, (3) mean catch-per-unit of gear effort statistics and standard errors for common species from each combination of aquatic area class and selected gear type, and (4) length distributions of common species from selected gear types.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70114635","usgsCitation":"Gutreuter, S., Burkhardt, R.W., Stopyro, M., Bartels, A., Kramer, E., Bowler, M.C., Cronin, F.A., Soergel, D.W., Petersen, M.D., Herzog, D.P., Raibley, P.T., Irons, K.S., and O’Hara, T.M., 1997, 1993 annual status report: a summary of fish data in six reaches of the upper Mississippi River system: U.S. Geological Survey Long Term Resource Monitoring Program 97-P008, v, 234 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70114635.","productDescription":"v, 234 p.","numberOfPages":"242","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290159,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290158,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70114635/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ad40e0e4b0729c154181af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gutreuter, Steve","contributorId":91437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutreuter","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burkhardt, Randy W.","contributorId":50493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkhardt","given":"Randy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stopyro, Mark","contributorId":76656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stopyro","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bartels, Andrew","contributorId":29314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartels","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kramer, Eric","contributorId":104405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bowler, Melvin C.","contributorId":23850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowler","given":"Melvin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cronin, Frederick A.","contributorId":44463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Soergel, Dirk W.","contributorId":12373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soergel","given":"Dirk","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Petersen, Michael D.","contributorId":21861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Herzog, David P.","contributorId":68654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Raibley, Paul T.","contributorId":106416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raibley","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Irons, Kevin S.","contributorId":65188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irons","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"O’Hara, Timothy M.","contributorId":12786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Hara","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":25596,"text":"wri964315 - 1997 - Hydrologic disturbance and response of aquatic biota in Big Darby Creek basin, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-09T01:02:14","indexId":"wri964315","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4315","title":"Hydrologic disturbance and response of aquatic biota in Big Darby Creek basin, Ohio","docAbstract":"Washout and recolonization of macroinvertebrates and algae associated with a spring and summer storm were measured at three sites in Ohio's Big Darby Creek Basin. Related factors, such as streamflow magnitude, shear stress, and streamed disturbance were considered when interpreting observed changes in densities and community structure of macroinvertebrates and algae.\r\n\r\nDuring the study, 184 macroinvertebrate taxa and 202 algal taxa were identified. The major taxonomic groups for macroinvertebrates were midges and other true flies (Diptera), caddisflies (Trichoptera), beetles (Coleoptera), mayflies (Ephemeroptera), and stoneflies (Plecoptera). Diatoms were the dominant algae (in terms of percentage of total taxa found) followed by green algae, blue-green algae, euglenoids, golden flagellates, and freshwater red algae.\r\n\r\nStreamflows associated with the storm events that occurred during April 6-16 and June 23-July 5, 1994, probably had little effect on streambed elevations, but streambed disturbance was documented in the form of shifts in the median particle-size diameters of the subsurface bed materials. The streamflow magnitudes did not correlate well with the magnitude of observed changes in macroinvertebrate and algal-cell densities, but reductions in macroinvertebrate and algal-cell densities generally did occur.\r\n\r\nLocal minima of macroinvertebrate density did not generally correspond to the first sample after the storms, but instead lagged by about 1 to 3 weeks. Other biotic factors, such as emergence of Diptera, probably affected the observed mid-July depression in macroinvertebrate densities.\r\n\r\nEvaluation of pre-event macroinvertebrate community structure in terms of functional feeding groups and flow-exposure groups showed that, on the basis of percentage of total taxa found, gatherers were the dominant feeding group and flow-facultative taxa were the dominant flow-exposure group. Densities of gatherers decreased from pre-event levels following all the storm events at all sites, whereas flow-facultative and flow-avoiding taxa were significantly reduced only after the summer event at Big and Little Darby Creeks.\r\n\r\nAlgal-cell densities in the first post-event samples always were lower than pre-event densities; however, the total number of taxa present generally were not statistically different. In four out of five of the first post-event samples, algal-cell densities were only 16 to 26 percent of the pre-event densities. The exception was at Little Darby Creek after the spring event, where only the density of stalked algal cells in the community were significantly reduced. The observed resistance to disturbance of the algal community at Little Darby Creek may have resulted from the relative abundance of the mat-forming blue-green algae Oscillatoria spp. The stalked cells were the most consistently reduced in the post-event-samples, whereas holdfast types (such as Audouinella hermannii) and prostrate epiphytes (such as Cocconeis spp) were the most resistant to washout.\r\n\r\nAlgal recolonization rates, measured as the change in algal-cell densities over a 7-day period after the summer storm event, ranged from 0.05 to 1.51 billion cells per square meter per day. These recolonization rates are expected to be affected by factors such as nutrients, temperature, amount of canopy, initial post-event algal density, and grazing by macroinvertebrates and fish. On the basis of canopy and nutrient data, one would expect the algal recolonization rates for the three sites in this study to sort in the order observed.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;Branch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964315","usgsCitation":"Hambrook, J., Koltun, G., Palcsak, B., and Tertuliani, J., 1997, Hydrologic disturbance and response of aquatic biota in Big Darby Creek basin, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4315, vi, 82 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (1 col.) ;28 cm. [PGS - 79 p.], https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964315.","productDescription":"vi, 82 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (1 col.) ;28 cm. [PGS - 79 p.]","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4315/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54340,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4315/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db6070b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hambrook, J.A.","contributorId":65888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hambrook","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koltun, G. F. 0000-0003-0255-2960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-2960","contributorId":49817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koltun","given":"G. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Palcsak, B.B.","contributorId":98766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palcsak","given":"B.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tertuliani, J.S.","contributorId":27490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tertuliani","given":"J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":28701,"text":"wri974033 - 1997 - Ground-water development and the effects on ground-water levels and water quality in the town of Atherton, San Mateo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri974033","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4033","title":"Ground-water development and the effects on ground-water levels and water quality in the town of Atherton, San Mateo County, California","docAbstract":"The installation of at least 100 residential wells in the town of Atherton, California, during the 198792 drought has raised concerns about the increased potential for land subsidence and salt water intrusion. Data were collected and monitor ing networks were established to assess current processes and to monitor future conditions affect ing these processes. Data include recorded pump age, recorded operation time, and measured pumpage rates from 38 wells; water levels from 49 wells; water chemistry samples from 20 wells, and land-surface elevation data from 22 survey sites, including one National Geodetic Survey estab lished bench mark. Geologic, lithologic, climato logic, well construction, well location, and historical information obtained from available reports and local, state, and Federal agencies were used in this assessment.\r\nEstimates of annual residential pumpage from 269 assumed active residential wells in the study area indicate that the average annual total pumping rate is between 395 and 570 acre-feet per year. The nine assumed active institutional wells are estimated to pump a total of about 200 acre- feet per year, or 35 to 50 percent of the total resi dential pumpage. Assuming that 510 acre-feet per year is the best estimate of annual residential pumpage, total pumpage of 710 acre-feet per year would represent about 19 percent of the study area's total water supply, as estimated.\r\nDepth-to-water-level measurements in wells during April 1993 through September 1995 typically ranged from less than 20 feet below land surface nearest to San Francisco Bay to more than 70 feet below land surface in upslope areas near exposed bedrock, depending on the season. This range, which is relatively high historically, is attributed to above normal rainfall between 1993 and 1995. Water levels expressed as hydraulic heads indicate the presence of three different hydrologic subareas on the basis of hydraulic-head contour configurations and flow direction. That all measured hydraulic heads in the study area from April 1993 through September 1995 were above sea level indicates that saltwater intrusion was unlikely during this period.\r\nThe chemistry of 20 well-water samples is characterized as a calcium magnesium carbonate bicarbonate type water. There is no evidence of saltwater intrusion from San Francisco Bay; how ever, water samples from wells nearest the bay and bedrock assemblages indicate a greater concentra tion of dissolved constituents and salinity. Dissolved-solids concentrations of water samples from wells in these areas exceeded 1,000 milli grams per liter, and several samples contained a substantial fraction of sodium and chloride. Water hardness for the 20 wells sampled averaged 471 milligrams per liter as calcium carbonate, which is classified as very hard. One well sample exceeded the primary maximum contaminant level for drinking water in nitrate, several wells exceeded the secondary maximum contaminant level for chloride and sulfate, and all wells sampled exceeded the secondary maximum contaminant level for total dissolved solids.\r\nLand-subsidence and the resultant damage because of excessive ground-water pumping, in combination with periodic drought, have a well- documented history in the south San Francisco Bay area. Land-elevation surveying data from 1934 to 1967 indicate that subsidence ranged from 0.1 to approximately 0.5 foot in the vicinity of the study area. It could not be determined from land- surface elevation surveying data from 1993 whether subsidence is currently occurring in the study area.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974033","usgsCitation":"Metzger, L.F., and Fio, J.L., 1997, Ground-water development and the effects on ground-water levels and water quality in the town of Atherton, San Mateo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4033, v, 31 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974033.","productDescription":"v, 31 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4033/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57541,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4033/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cec5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metzger, Loren F. 0000-0003-2454-2966 lmetzger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2454-2966","contributorId":1378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzger","given":"Loren","email":"lmetzger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":200255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fio, John L.","contributorId":77543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fio","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28704,"text":"wri974042 - 1997 - Results of the application of seismic-reflection and electromagnetic techniques for near-surface hydrogeologic and environmental investigations at Fort Bragg, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri974042","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4042","title":"Results of the application of seismic-reflection and electromagnetic techniques for near-surface hydrogeologic and environmental investigations at Fort Bragg, North Carolina","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Geological Survey's Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Facilities Investigations at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, selected geophysical techniques were evaluated for their usefulness as assessment tools for determining subsurface geology, delineating the areal extent of potentially contaminated landfill sites, and locating buried objects and debris of potential environmental concern. Two shallow seismic-reflection techniques (compression and shear wave) and two electromagnetic techniques (ground-penetrating radar and terrain conductivity) were evaluated at several sites at the U.S. Army Base. The electromagnetic techniques also were tested for tolerance to cultural noise, such as nearby fences, vehicles, and power lines. For the terrain conductivity tests, two instruments were used--the EM31 and EM34, which have variable depths of exploration. The shallowest reflection event was 70 feet below land surface observed in common-depth point, stacked compression-wave data from 24- and 12-fold shallow-seismic-reflection surveys. Several reflection events consistent with clay-sand interfaces between 70 and 120 feet below land surface, along with basement-saprolite surfaces, were imaged in the 24-fold, common- depth-point stacked data. 12-fold, common-depth-point stacked data set contained considerably more noise than the 24-fold, common-depth-point data, due to reduced shot-to-receiver redundancy. Coherent stacked reflection events were not observed in the 24-fold, common-depth-point stacked shear-wave data because of the partial decoupling of the shear- wave generator from the ground. At one site, ground-penetrating radar effectively delineated a shallow, 2- to 5-foot thick sand unit bounded by thin (less than 1 foot) clay layers. The radar signal was completely attenuated where the overlying and underlying clay units thickened and the sand unit thinned. The pene- tration depth of the radar signal was less than 10 feet below land surface. A slight increase in electromagnetic conductivity across shallow sampling EM31 and EM34 profiles provided corroborative evidence of the shallow, thickening clay units. Plots of raw EM31 and EM34 data provided no direct interpretable information to delineate sand and clay units in the shallow subsurface. At two sites, the ground-penetrating radar effectively delineated the lateral continuity of surficial sand units 5 to 25 feet in thickness and the tops of their underlying clay units. The effective exploration depth of the ground-penetrating radar was limited by the proximity of clay units to the subsurface and their thickness. The ground-penetrating radar delineated the areal extent and depth of cover at a previously unrecognized extension of a trench-like landfill underlying a vehicle salvage yard. Attenuation of the radar signal beneath the landfill cover and the adjacent subsurface clays made these two mediums indistinguishable by ground-penetrating radar; however, EM31 data indicated that the electrical conductivity of the landfill was higher than the subsurface material adjacent to the landfill. The EM31 and EM34 conductivity surveys defined the areal extent of a landfill whose boundaries were inaccurately mapped, and also identified the locations of an old dumpsite and waste incinerator site at another landfill. A follow-up ground-penetrating radar survey of the abandoned dumpsite showed incongruities in some of the shallow radar reflections interpreted as buried refuse dispersed throughout the landfill. The ground-penetrating radar and EM31 effectively delineated a shallow buried fuel-oil tank. Of the three electromagnetic instruments, the ground-penetrating radar with the shielded 100-megahertz antenna was the least affected by cultural noise followed, in order, by the EM31 and EM34. The combination of terrain- conductivity and ground-penetrating radar for the site assessment of the landfill provided a powerful means to identify the areal extent of the landfill, potenti","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974042","usgsCitation":"Meyer, M.T., and Fine, J., 1997, Results of the application of seismic-reflection and electromagnetic techniques for near-surface hydrogeologic and environmental investigations at Fort Bragg, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4042, iv, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974042.","productDescription":"iv, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159170,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4042/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57543,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4042/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db605577","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, M. T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fine, J.M.","contributorId":53001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fine","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30593,"text":"wri974012 - 1997 - Geohydrology and water chemistry in the Rialto-Colton Basin, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:12","indexId":"wri974012","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4012","title":"Geohydrology and water chemistry in the Rialto-Colton Basin, San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"The 40-square-mile Rialto-Colton ground- water basin is in western San Bernardino County, California, about 60 miles east of Los Angeles.This basin was chosen for storage of imported water because of the good quality of native ground water, the known capacity for additional ground-water storage in the basin, and the availability of imported water. Because the movement and mixing of imported water needed to be determined, the San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District entered into a cooperative program with the U.S.Geological Survey in 1991 to study the geohydrology and water chemistry in the Rialto- Colton basin. Ground-water flow and chemistry were investigated using existing data, borehole- geophysical and lithologic logs from newly drilled test holes, measurement of water levels, and chemical analyses of water samples. The Rialto-Colton basin is bounded on the northwest and southeast by the San Gabriel Mountains and the Badlands, respectively. The San Jacinto Fault and Barrier E form the northeastern boundary, and the Rialto-Colton Fault forms the southwestern boundary. Except in the southeastern part of the basin, the San Jacinto and Rialto-Colton Faults act as groundwater barriers that impede ground- water flow into and out of the basin.Barrier E generally does not impede ground- water flow into the basin. The ground-water system consists primarily of gravel, sand, silt, and clay. The maximum thickness is greater than 1,000 feet. The ground- water system is divided into four water-bearing units: river-channel deposits, and upper, middle, and lower water-bearing units. Relatively impermeable consolidated deposits underlie the lower water- bearing unit and form the lower boundary of the ground- water system. Ground water moves from east to west in the river-channel deposits and upper water-bearing unit in the southeastern part of the basin, and from northwest to southeast in the middle and lower water-bearing units. Two major internal faults, Barrier J and an unnamed fault, affect ground-water movement. Ground water moves across Barrier J in the unfaulted part of the ground-water system. The unnamed fault is a partial barrier to ground-water movement in the middle water- bearing unit and an effective barrier in the lower water-bearing unit.Imported water flows laterally across the unnamed fault above the saturated zone. Major sources of recharge to the ground- water system are underflow; precipitation that collects in small streams that drain the San Gabriel Mountains and the Badlands or runs off the mountain front as sheet flow, and sub-surface inflow; imported water; seepage loss from the Santa Ana River and Warm Creek; infiltration of rainfall; and irrigation return flow. The main component of discharge is pumpage. Long-term water levels in production wells reflect precipitation cycles. During a 194777 dry period, water levels in three wells declined almost continuously?as much as 100 feet in one well.Water levels in a well north of Barrier J are not affected by stresses on the groundwater system south of the barrier, indicating that these two parts of the ground-water system are not well connected. Water levels in cluster wells east of the unnamed fault north and south of the Linden Ponds artificial-recharge site rose as much as 70 feet during 1992-95. The rise in water levels in wells near the recharge ponds was observed within 2 months after the beginning of recharge. Water levels in most wells west of the unnamed fault changed very little during 1992-95. Water-chemistry data indicate that chemical characteristics vary within the groundwater system, and that dissolvedsolids concentrations are generally higher in the river-channel deposits, upper water- bearing unit, and the consolidated deposits than in the middle and lower water-bearing units. The chemical characteristics in water from the middle water-bearing unit were similar for most wells sampled west of the unnamed fault. In water from well","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974012","usgsCitation":"Woolfenden, L.R., and Kadhim, D., 1997, Geohydrology and water chemistry in the Rialto-Colton Basin, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4012, vi, 101 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974012.","productDescription":"vi, 101 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122487,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4012/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59351,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4012/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8be6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woolfenden, Linda R. 0000-0003-3500-4709 lrwoolfe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3500-4709","contributorId":1476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woolfenden","given":"Linda","email":"lrwoolfe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":203508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kadhim, Dina","contributorId":16876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kadhim","given":"Dina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27921,"text":"wri974027 - 1997 - Effects of highway deicing chemicals on shallow unconsolidated aquifers in Ohio, interim report, 1988-93","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-10T21:46:25.961313","indexId":"wri974027","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4027","title":"Effects of highway deicing chemicals on shallow unconsolidated aquifers in Ohio, interim report, 1988-93","docAbstract":"Effects of the application of highway deicing chemicals during winter months on ground- water quality are being studied by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Ohio Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration. Eight sites throughout the State were selected along major undivided highways where drainage is by open ditches and ground-water flow is approximately perpendicular to the highway. At these sites, records of deicer application rates are being kept and apparent movement of deicing chemicals through shallow, unconsolidated aquifers is being monitored by means of periodic measurements of specific con ductance and concentrations of dissolved sodium, calcium, and chloride. The counties and corre sponding sections of state routes being monitored are the following: State Route (SR) 3 in Ashland County, SR 84 in Ashtabula County, SR 29 in Champaign County, SR 4 in Clark County, SR 2 in Lucas County, SR 104 in Pickaway County, SR 14 in Portage County, and SR 97 in Richland County.\r\n\r\nThe study began in January 1988 with background data collection, extensive literature review, and site selection. This process, including drilling of wells at the eight selected sites, lasted 3 years. Routine ground-water sampling at 4- to 6-week intervals began in January 1991. A relatively new type of multilevel, passive flow ground-water sampling device was constructed and used. Other conditions monitored on a regular basis included ground-water level (monitored con tinuously), specific conductance, air and soil temperature, precipitation, chloride concentration in soil samples, ground conductivity, and deicing chemical application times and rates.\r\n\r\nFor the interim reporting period, water samples were collected from January 1991 through September 1993. Evidence from water analysis, specific conductance measurements, and surface geophysical measurements indicates that four of the eight sites (Ashtabula County, Lucas County, Portage County, and Richland County sites) are potentially affected by direct application of deic ing chemicals. Climatic data from the period January 1991 through September 1993 show that cold weather, and therefore deicing chemical application rates, varied widely across the State. As a consequence, only minor traces of dissolved chloride above background concentrations (mean, 12-25 mg/L) were determined in ground-water samples from the Pickaway County, Clark County, and Champaign County sites. At the Ashland and Richland County sites, dissolved chlo ride concentrations increased above background concentrations (from the upgradient well, pre sumably unaffected by road salt) only intermittently (mean background concentrations of 3-25 mg/L, rising to a mean of 49-77 mg/L). For the interim reporting period, the mean dissolved chloride concentration for all downgradient wells was about 2 times the background concentra tion (25mg/L) at the Ashland County site (50 mg/L) and 14 times the background concentration (3 mg/L) at the Richland County site (40 mg/L). At the Lucas County, Portage County, and Ash tabula County sites, deicing-chemical application was consistent throughout the winter, and downgradient dissolved chloride concentrations rarely returned to background concentrations (mean 6-32 mg/L) throughout the period. For the interim reporting period, the mean dissolved chloride concentration for all downgradient wells was about 3 times the background concentra tion at the Lucas County site (92 mg/L), 72 times the background concentration at the Portage County site (432 mg/L, 2 downgradient wells), and 21 times the background concentration at the Ashtabula County site (279 mg/L).\r\n\r\nOther factors that may affect the movement of deicing chemicals through the aquifer were examined, such as precipitation amounts; the types of subsurface materials; ground-water velocity and gradient; hydraulic conductivity; soil type; land use; and ODOT deicing priority. A final report is planned for 2001 afte","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974027","usgsCitation":"Jones, A., and Sroka, B., 1997, Effects of highway deicing chemicals on shallow unconsolidated aquifers in Ohio, interim report, 1988-93: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4027, vii, 139 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974027.","productDescription":"vii, 139 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":56735,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4027/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121662,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4027/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":466087,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48656.htm","text":"Ashland County site","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":466088,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db614db4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, A.L.","contributorId":63049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sroka, B.N.","contributorId":72392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sroka","given":"B.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":6130,"text":"pp1546 - 1997 - Geophysical interpretations of the Libby thrust belt, northwestern Montana, with a section on deep folds and faults interpreted from seismic data and a section on interpretation of magnetotelluric soundings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-25T21:22:31.409142","indexId":"pp1546","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1546","title":"Geophysical interpretations of the Libby thrust belt, northwestern Montana, with a section on deep folds and faults interpreted from seismic data and a section on interpretation of magnetotelluric soundings","docAbstract":"Interpretations of gravity and aeromagnetic anomaly data, supplemented by results from two seismic reflection profiles and five magnetotelluric soundings, were used to study buried structure and lithology of the Libby thrust belt of northwestern Montana. The gravity anomaly data show a marked correlation with major structures. The Purcell anticlinorium and the Sylvanite anticline are very likely cored by stacks of thrust slices of dense crystalline basement rocks that account for the large gravity highs across these two structures. Gravity anomaly data for the Cabinet Mountains Wilderness show a string of four broad highs. The principal magnetic anomaly sources are igneous intrusive rocks, major fault zones, and magnetite-bearing sedimentary rocks of the Ravalli Group. The most important magnetic anomalies in the principal study area are five distinct positive anomalies associated with Cretaceous or younger cupolas and stocks.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1546","usgsCitation":"Kleinkopf, M.D., Harrison, J.E., and Stanley, W.D., 1997, Geophysical interpretations of the Libby thrust belt, northwestern Montana, with a section on deep folds and faults interpreted from seismic data and a section on interpretation of magnetotelluric soundings: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1546, Report: iii, 22 p.; 2 Plates: 22.50 20.50 inches and 29.00 x 33.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1546.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 22 p.; 2 Plates: 22.50 20.50 inches and 29.00 x 33.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108380,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13146.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"13146"},{"id":33199,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1546/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33198,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1546/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":843,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1546/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":117751,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1546.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Libby thrust belt","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 47.25\n ],\n [\n -114.5,\n 47.25\n ],\n [\n -114.5,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 49\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c0f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kleinkopf, M. Dean","contributorId":37723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleinkopf","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Dean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, Jack Edward","contributorId":51736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanley, W. D.","contributorId":86756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26444,"text":"wri974008 - 1997 - Field screening of water, soil, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Dolores Project and the Mancos River Basin, southwestern Colorado, 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T22:01:14.997139","indexId":"wri974008","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4008","title":"Field screening of water, soil, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Dolores Project and the Mancos River Basin, southwestern Colorado, 1994","docAbstract":"A reconnaissance investigation for the National Irrigation Water Quality Program in 1990 indicated elevated selenium concentrations in some water and biota samples collected in the Dolores Project in southwestern Colorado. High selenium concentrations also were indicated in bird samples collected in the Mancos Project in 1989. In 1994, field screenings were done in parts of the Dolores Project and Mancos River Basin to collect additional selenium data associated with irrigation inthose areas. Selenium is mobilized from soils in newly irrigated areas of the Dolores Project called the Dove Creek area, which includes newly (since 1987) irrigated land north of Cortez and south of Dove Creek.Selenium was detected in 18 of 20stream samples, and the maximum concentration was 12micrograms per liter. The Dove Creek area is unique compared to other study areas of the National Irrigation Water Quality Program becauseselenium concentrations probably are indicative of initial leaching conditions in a newly irrigated area.Selenium concentrations in nine shallow soil samples from the Dove Creek area ranged from 0.13 to 0.20 micrograms per gram. Selenium concentrations in bottom sediment from six ponds were less than the level of concern for fish and wildlife of 4 micrograms per gram. Many biota samples collected in the Dove Creek area had elevated selenium concentrations when compared to various guidelines and effect levels,although selenium concentrations in water, soil, and bottom sediment were relatively low. Selenium concentrations in 12 of 14 aquatic-invertebratesamples from ponds exceeded 3 micrograms per gram dry weight, a dietary guideline for protection of fish and wildlife. The mean seleniumconcentration of 10.3 micrograms per gram dry weight in aquatic bird eggs exceeded the guideline for reduced hatchability of 8 micrograms per gramdry weight. Two ponds in the Dove Creek area had a high selenium hazard rating based on a new protocol for assessing selenium hazard in theenvironment; however, waterfowl were reproducing at the two ponds. Three tributary streams of Mc Elmo Creek that drain irrigated areas of the Montezuma Valley south of the creek were sampled in 1994. Mud Creek probably is the largest source of selenium to Mc Elmo Creek. Most biota samples from Mud Creek had elevated selenium concentrations when compared to guidelines for dietary items and freshwater fish. Selenium concentrations in water samples collected in the Mancos River Basin upstream from Navajo Wash, which includes the Mancos Project, ranged from less than 1 to 10 micrograms per liter. Mud Creek contributed about 74 percent of the selenium load to the upper Mancos River in March 1994.Selenium concentrations were much higher in Navajo Wash; a sample collected in March had 97 micrograms per liter of selenium. Bottom-sediment samples from two ponds in the Mancos Projectexceeded the concentration of concern of 4 micrograms per gram. The highest selenium concentrations in biota samples from streams in the Mancos River Basin were for samples from Navajo Wash. Mostconcentrations in biota in the upper Mancos River Basin were less than guidelines. Mean selenium concentrations in eggs from aquatic birds collected at three ponds in the Mancos Project slightly exceed the guideline associated with reduced hatchability.Five bird livers had a mean selenium concentration of 32.6 micrograms per gram dry weight, whichslightly exceeded the mean concentration of 30 micrograms per gram dry weight that is associated with reproductive impairment. Two of the pondshad a high selenium hazard rating; however, mallard reproduction was observed in 1994 at one of the ponds that had a high selenium-hazard rating.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974008","usgsCitation":"Butler, D.L., Osmundson, B.C., and Krueger, R.P., 1997, Field screening of water, soil, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Dolores Project and the Mancos River Basin, southwestern Colorado, 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4008, iv, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974008.","productDescription":"iv, 43 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":55266,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4008/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":394072,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48642.htm"},{"id":125069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4008/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Dolores Project and the Mancos River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -108.2242,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -108.2242,\n 37.7556\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 37.7556\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b1e4b07f02db53078a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, D. L.","contributorId":36967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osmundson, B. C.","contributorId":15655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osmundson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krueger, R. P.","contributorId":8890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krueger","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29203,"text":"wri964273 - 1997 - Study of nonpoint source nutrient loading in the Patuxent River basin, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-21T18:40:34.691868","indexId":"wri964273","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4273","title":"Study of nonpoint source nutrient loading in the Patuxent River basin, Maryland","docAbstract":"Study of nonpoint-source (NPS) nutrient loading in Maryland has focused on the Patuxent watershed because of its importance and representativeness of conditions in the State. Evaluation of NPS nutrient loading has been comprehensive and has included long-term monitoring, detailed watershed modeling, and synoptic sampling studies. A large amount of information has been compiled for the watershed and that information is being used to identify primary controls and efficient management strategies for NPS nutrient loading. Results of the Patuxent NPS study have identified spatial trends in water quality that appear to be related to basin charcteristics such as land use, physiography, andgeology. Evaluation of the data compiled by the study components is continuing and is expected to provide more detailed assessments of the reasons for spatial trends. In particular, ongoing evaluation of the watershed model output is expected to provide detailed information on the relative importance of nutrient sources and transport pathways across the entire watershed. Planned future directions of NPS evaluation in the State of Maryland include continued study of water quality in the Patuxent watershed and a shift in emphasis to a statewide approach. Eventually, the statewide approach will become the primary approach usedby the State to evaluate NPS loading. The information gained in the Patuxent study and the tools developed will represent valuable assets indeveloping the statewide NPS assessment program.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964273","usgsCitation":"Preston, S.D., 1997, Study of nonpoint source nutrient loading in the Patuxent River basin, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4273, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964273.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407153,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48599.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":58062,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4273/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4273/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Patuxent River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.15,\n 38.2833\n ],\n [\n -76.4,\n 38.2833\n ],\n [\n -76.4,\n 39.3389\n ],\n [\n -77.15,\n 39.3389\n ],\n [\n -77.15,\n 38.2833\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699cf1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Preston, S. D.","contributorId":105770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preston","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27860,"text":"wri974035 - 1997 - Use of isotopic data to evaluate recharge and geologic controls on the movement of ground water in Las Posas Valley, Ventura County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:44","indexId":"wri974035","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4035","title":"Use of isotopic data to evaluate recharge and geologic controls on the movement of ground water in Las Posas Valley, Ventura County, California","docAbstract":"Injection, storage, and recovery of imported water is planned for aquifers underlying Las Posas Valley. To evaluate sources of ground-water recharge and the age of the water (time since recharge), and to identify barriers to ground-water flow prior to the injection of imported water, samples from wells and surface sources were collected and analyzed for chemical and isotopic composition. The delta oxygen- 18 and delta deuterium composition in almost 50 samples from 32 wells ranged from -6.0 to -7.9 per mil, and -40 to -60 per mil, respectively; and in 13 samples of surface water at 6 sites the composition ranged from -6.2 to -9.4 per mil, and -42 to -71 per mil, respectively. Water from wells in the upper aquifer system near Arroyo Simi and Arroyo Las Posas (different reaches of the same stream) was isotopi cally lighter than water from other wells sampled and was similar in isotopic composition to water in the stream. Water in the stream is a mixture of local water and imported water from northern California that was discharged to the stream as treated municipal wastewater. Water from wells near the stream contained tritium and, therefore, was recharged less than 50 years ago. Water from wells in other parts of the valley was isotopically heavier, did not contain tritium, and, therefore, was recharged more than 50 years ago. Interpreted carbon-14 ages for water from wells along a flow path through the valley ranged from at least 800 to more than 8,000 years before present. There were large differences in the chemistry, isotopic composition, and interpreted age of water from wells between the eastern and western parts of Las Posas Valley. These changes are consistent with geologic and hydrologic data that suggest the presence of a barrier to ground-water flow between east and west Las Posas Valley.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974035","usgsCitation":"Izbicki, J., and Martin, P., 1997, Use of isotopic data to evaluate recharge and geologic controls on the movement of ground water in Las Posas Valley, Ventura County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4035, iv, 12 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974035.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4035/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56683,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4035/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49cbe4b07f02db5d8589","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Izbicki, John A. 0000-0003-0816-4408 jaizbick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":1375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"John A.","email":"jaizbick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":198800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":198799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}