{"pageNumber":"1257","pageRowStart":"31400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184938,"records":[{"id":70140149,"text":"ofr20151014 - 2015 - Near-surface stratigraphy and morphology, Mississippi Inner Shelf, northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-13T08:36:23","indexId":"ofr20151014","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-12T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1014","title":"Near-surface stratigraphy and morphology, Mississippi Inner Shelf, northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>Over the past decade, the Mississippi Barrier Islands have been the focus of a comprehensive geologic investigation by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in collaboration with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the National Park Service (NPS). The islands (Dauphin, Petite Bois, Horn, East Ship, West Ship, and Cat) are part of the Gulf Islands National Seashore (GUIS), and provide a diverse ecological habitat, protect the mainland from storm waves, and help maintain estuarine conditions within Mississippi Sound. Over the past century, the islands have been in a state of decline with respect to elevation and land-area loss. In 2005, the islands were severely impacted by Hurricane Katrina, which inundated them with a storm surge of 8 meters, causing severe shoreface erosion and widening breaches in Dauphin, West Ship, and Cat Islands. To evaluate the impact and fate of the islands, understanding their evolution and resiliency became a priority for the USGS under the Northern Gulf of Mexico Ecosystem Change and Hazard Susceptibility Project. The project formed the basis for collaboration with the USACE Mississippi Coastal Improvement Project, which is intended to restore portions of coastal Mississippi and GUIS affected by storm impact. Since then, many studies have contributed to our understanding of the islands&rsquo; morphology and nearshore stratigraphy. This report expands upon the nearshore component to provide a stratigraphic and morphologic assessment offshore of Petit Bois Island.</p>\n<p>In June 2013, as part of the MsCIP project, the USGS conducted a geophysical survey consisting of about 650 line-kilometers (km), encompassing an area of approximately 212 square kilometers (km<sup>2</sup>). The survey area extended from 1 to 13 km offshore of Petite Bois Island. The geophysical investigation included interferometric swath bathymetry, sidescan sonar, and chirp subbottom profiling. The intent of the survey was to provide geologic information that would assist the USACE in developing a sediment sampling strategy for identifying deposits suitable for shoreline restoration operations. The data from the geophysical survey would also further our understanding of the geologic framework along the inner shelf. Numerous seafloor and subbottom features were identified. At the surface, shoals and shelf sand sheets of various sizes and orientations are the predominant morphology. In the subsurface, Holocene- and Pleistocene-age features include marine transgressive deposits infilling older fluvia distributary systems. These interpretations from the geophysical research were integrated with sediment cores collected by the USGS and USACE to provide textural and volumetric information.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151014","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Flocks, J.G., Kindinger, J., Kelso, K.W., Bernier, J., DeWitt, N.T., and FitzHarris, M., 2015, Near-surface stratigraphy and morphology, Mississippi Inner Shelf, northern Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1014, vi, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151014.","productDescription":"vi, 19 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057521","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science 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,{"id":70148002,"text":"70148002 - 2015 - Temperature impacts on the water year 2014 drought in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T10:02:44","indexId":"70148002","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-12T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature impacts on the water year 2014 drought in California","docAbstract":"<p><span>California is experiencing one of the worst droughts on record. Here we use a hydrological model and risk assessment framework to understand the influence of temperature on the water year (WY) 2014 drought in California and examine the probability that this drought would have been less severe if temperatures resembled the historical climatology. Our results indicate that temperature played an important role in exacerbating the WY 2014 drought severity. We found that if WY 2014 temperatures resembled the 1916&ndash;2012 climatology, there would have been at least an 86% chance that winter snow water equivalent and spring-summer soil moisture and runoff deficits would have been less severe than the observed conditions. We also report that the temperature forecast skill in California for the important seasons of winter and spring is negligible, beyond a lead-time of one month, which we postulate might hinder skillful drought prediction in California.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2015GL063666","usgsCitation":"Shukla, S., Safeeq, M., AghaKouchak, A., Guan, K., and Funk, C.C., 2015, Temperature impacts on the water year 2014 drought in California: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 42, no. 11, p. 4384-4393, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063666.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"4384","endPage":"4393","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2013-10-01","temporalEnd":"2014-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-064133","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository 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,{"id":70145954,"text":"sir20155053 - 2015 - Analysis of regional rainfall-runoff parameters for the Lake Michigan Diversion hydrological modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-12T09:30:22","indexId":"sir20155053","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-12T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5053","title":"Analysis of regional rainfall-runoff parameters for the Lake Michigan Diversion hydrological modeling","docAbstract":"<p>The Lake Michigan Diversion Accounting (LMDA) system has been developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Chicago District (USACE-Chicago) and the State of Illinois as a part of the interstate Great Lakes water regulatory program. The diverted Lake Michigan watershed is a 673-square-mile watershed that is comprised of the Chicago River and Calumet River watersheds. They originally drained into Lake Michigan, but now flow to the Mississippi River watershed via three canals constructed in the Chicago area in the early twentieth century. Approximately 393 square miles of the diverted watershed is ungaged, and the runoff from the ungaged portion of the diverted watershed has been estimated by the USACE-Chicago using the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) program. The accuracy of simulated runoff depends on the accuracy of the parameter set used in the HSPF program. Nine parameter sets comprised of the North Branch, Little Calumet, Des Plaines, Hickory Creek, CSSC, NIPC, 1999, CTE, and 2008 have been developed at different time periods and used by the USACE-Chicago. In this study, the U.S. Geological Survey and the USACE-Chicago collaboratively analyzed the parameter sets using nine gaged watersheds in or adjacent to the diverted watershed to assess the predictive accuracies of selected parameter sets. Six of the parameter sets, comprising North Branch, Hickory Creek, NIPC, 1999, CTE, and 2008, were applied to the nine gaged watersheds for evaluating their simulation accuracy from water years 1996 to 2011. The nine gaged watersheds were modeled by using the three LMDA land-cover types (grass, forest, and hydraulically connected imperviousness) based on the 2006 National Land Cover Database, and the latest meteorological and precipitation data consistent with the current (2014) LMDA modeling framework.</p>\n<p>Results indicate that the North Branch and Hickory Creek parameter sets, which belong to the original calibration group, attained an overall &ldquo;satisfactory&rdquo; rating on monthly runoff volumes based on the three performance statistics selected, but the annual and over-the-period runoff volumes were generally underestimated. Parameter sets CTE and 2008 attained a similar satisfactory rating on monthly runoff volumes but the annual and over-the-period runoff volumes were overestimated in general. Although the percent bias was improved, the CTE and 2008 parameter sets also had increased residuals in monthly runoff volumes and decreased quality of the model fit to the measured streamflows relative to the North Branch and Hickory Creek parameter sets. The NIPC and 1999 parameter sets, on the other hand, had larger percent bias and residuals in monthly runoff volumes, and underestimated the annual and over-the-period runoff volumes.</p>\n<p>Recalibration of the HSPF parameters to the updated inputs and land covers was completed on two representative watershed models selected from the nine by using a manual method (HSPEXP) and an automatic method (PEST). The objective of the recalibration was to develop a regional parameter set that improves the accuracy in runoff volume prediction for the nine study watersheds. Knowledge about flow and watershed characteristics plays a vital role for validating the calibration in both manual and automatic methods. The best performing parameter set was determined by the automatic calibration method on a two-watershed model. Applying this newly determined parameter set to the nine watersheds for runoff volume simulation resulted in &ldquo;very good&rdquo; ratings in five watersheds, an improvement as compared to &ldquo;very good&rdquo; ratings achieved for three watersheds by the North Branch parameter set.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155053","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Chicago District","usgsCitation":"Soong, D.T., and Over, T.M., 2015, Analysis of regional rainfall-runoff parameters for the Lake Michigan Diversion hydrological modeling: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5053, vii, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155053.","productDescription":"vii, 55 p.","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044193","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science 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,{"id":70137964,"text":"70137964 - 2015 - Testing of candidate non-lethal sampling methods for detection of <i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i> in juvenile Chinook salmon <i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-14T10:24:30","indexId":"70137964","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-11T23:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing of candidate non-lethal sampling methods for detection of <i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i> in juvenile Chinook salmon <i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>","docAbstract":"<p><span>Non-lethal pathogen testing can be a useful tool for fish disease research and management. Our research objectives were to determine if (1) fin clips, gill snips, surface mucus scrapings, blood draws, or kidney biopsies could be obtained non-lethally from 3 to 15 g Chinook salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>, (2) non-lethal samples could accurately discriminate between fish exposed to the bacterial kidney disease agent&nbsp;</span><i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i><span>&nbsp;and non-exposed fish, and (3) non-lethal samples could serve as proxies for lethal kidney samples to assess infection intensity. Blood draws and kidney biopsies caused &ge;5% post-sampling mortality (Objective 1) and may be appropriate only for larger fish, but the other sample types were non-lethal. Sampling was performed over 21 wk following&nbsp;</span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span>&nbsp;immersion challenge of fish from 2 stocks (Objectives 2 and 3), and nested PCR (nPCR) and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) results from candidate non-lethal samples were compared with kidney tissue analysis by nPCR, qPCR, bacteriological culture, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and histopathology/immunohistochemistry.&nbsp;</span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span>&nbsp;was detected by PCR in &gt;50% of fin, gill, and mucus samples from challenged fish. Mucus qPCR was the only non-lethal assay exhibiting both diagnostic sensitivity and specificity estimates &gt;90% for distinguishing between&nbsp;</span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span>-exposed and non-exposed fish and was the best candidate for use as an alternative to lethal kidney sample testing. Mucus qPCR&nbsp;</span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span>&nbsp;quantity estimates reflected changes in kidney bacterial load estimates, as evidenced by significant positive correlations with kidney&nbsp;</span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span>infection intensity scores at all sample times and in both fish stocks, and were not significantly impacted by environmental</span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span>&nbsp;concentrations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","publisherLocation":"Amelinghausen, Germany","doi":"10.3354/dao02846","issn":"0177-5103","usgsCitation":"Elliott, D.G., McKibben, C.L., Conway, C.M., Purcell, M., Chase, D.M., and Applegate, L.M., 2015, Testing of candidate non-lethal sampling methods for detection of <i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i> in juvenile Chinook salmon <i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 114, no. 1, p. 21-43, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02846.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060362","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472097,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02846","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306580,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cb1cafe4b08400b1fdd481","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKibben, Constance L. cmckibben@usgs.gov","contributorId":3831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKibben","given":"Constance","email":"cmckibben@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conway, Carla M. 0000-0002-3851-3616 cmconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-3616","contributorId":2946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Carla","email":"cmconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. mpurcell@usgs.gov","contributorId":138685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen K.","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chase, Dorothy M. dchase@usgs.gov","contributorId":4786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Dorothy","email":"dchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Applegate, Lynn M. capplegate@usgs.gov","contributorId":5647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Applegate","given":"Lynn","email":"capplegate@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70144694,"text":"ofr20151045 - 2015 - Potential demographic and genetic effects of a sterilant applied to wild horse mares","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T13:09:55","indexId":"ofr20151045","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-11T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1045","title":"Potential demographic and genetic effects of a sterilant applied to wild horse mares","docAbstract":"<p><span>Wild horse populations on western ranges can increase rapidly, resulting in the need for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to remove animals in order to protect the habitat that horses share with numerous other species. As an alternative to removals, BLM has sought to develop a long-term, perhaps even permanent, contraceptive to aid in reducing population growth rates. With long-term (perhaps even permanent) efficacy of contraception, however, comes increased concern about the genetic health of populations and about the potential for local extirpation. We used simulation modeling to examine the potential demographic and genetic consequences of applying a mare sterilant to wild horse populations. Using the VORTEX software package, we modeled the potential effects of a sterilant on 70 simulated populations having different initial sizes (7 values), growth rates (5 values), and genetic diversity (2 values). For each population, we varied the treatment rate of mares from 0 to 100 percent in increments of 10 percent. For each combination of these treatment levels, we ran 100 stochastic simulations, and we present the results in the form of tables and graphs showing mean population size after 20 years, mean number of removals after 20 years, mean probability of extirpation after 50 years, and mean heterozygosity after 50 years. By choosing one or two combinations of initial population size, population growth rate, and genetic diversity that best represent a herd of interest, a manager can assess the likely effects of a contraceptive program by examining the output tables and graphs representing the selected conditions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151045","collaboration":"Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Roelle, J.E., and Oyler-McCance, S.J., 2015, Potential demographic and genetic effects of a sterilant applied to wild horse mares: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1045, 153 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151045.","productDescription":"153 p.","numberOfPages":"159","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058694","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300306,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151045.jpg"},{"id":300304,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1045/"},{"id":300305,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1045/pdf/ofr2015-1045.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.79 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551c4aae4b0a92fa7e93b92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roelle, James E. roelleb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelle","given":"James","email":"roelleb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oyler-McCance, Sara J. 0000-0003-1599-8769 sara_oyler-mccance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1599-8769","contributorId":1973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oyler-McCance","given":"Sara","email":"sara_oyler-mccance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70147927,"text":"fs20153039 - 2015 - U.S. Geological Survey water-resources programs in New Mexico, FY 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T13:02:38","indexId":"fs20153039","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-11T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3039","title":"U.S. Geological Survey water-resources programs in New Mexico, FY 2015","docAbstract":"<p><span>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has collected hydrologic information in New Mexico since 1889, beginning with the first USGS streamflow-gaging station in the Nation, located on the Rio Grande near Embudo, New Mexico. Water-resources information provided by the USGS is used by many government agencies for issuing flood warnings to protect lives and reduce property damage,managing water rights and interstate water use, protecting water quality and regulating pollution discharges, designing highways and bridges, planning, designing, and operating reservoirs and watersupply facilities, monitoring the availability of groundwater resources and forecasting aquifer response to human and environmental stressors, and prioritizing areas where emergency erosion mitigation or other protective measures may be necessary after a wildfire. For more than 100 years, the Cooperative Water Program has been a highly successful cost-sharing partnership between the USGS and water-resources agencies at the State, local, and tribal levels. It would be difficult to effectively accomplish the mission of the USGS without the contributions of the Cooperative Water Program.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153039","usgsCitation":"Mau, D.P., 2015, U.S. Geological Survey water-resources programs in New Mexico, FY 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3039, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153039.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065455","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300283,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20153039.jpg"},{"id":300282,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3039/pdf/fs2015-3039.pdf","text":"Report","size":"439 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300281,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3039/"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.072265625,\n              31.31610138349565\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.226318359375,\n              31.3348710339506\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.21533203125,\n              31.77487761850741\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.490478515625,\n              31.77487761850741\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.622314453125,\n              31.98012335736804\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.07373046875,\n              31.99875937194732\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.996826171875,\n              37.00255267215955\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.072265625,\n              37.01132594307015\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.072265625,\n              31.31610138349565\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551c4abe4b0a92fa7e93b98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mau, David P. dpmau@usgs.gov","contributorId":457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mau","given":"David","email":"dpmau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":546408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70144853,"text":"ofr20151065 - 2015 - Results from laboratory and field testing of nitrate measuring spectrophotometers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-12T13:25:42","indexId":"ofr20151065","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-11T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1065","title":"Results from laboratory and field testing of nitrate measuring spectrophotometers","docAbstract":"<p>Five ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer nitrate analyzers were evaluated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility (HIF) during a two-phase evaluation. In Phase I, the TriOS ProPs (10-millimeter (mm) path length), Hach NITRATAX plus sc (5-mm path length), Satlantic Submersible UV Nitrate Analyzer (SUNA, 10-mm path length), and S::CAN Spectro::lyser (5-mm path length) were evaluated in the HIF Water-Quality Servicing Laboratory to determine the validity of the manufacturer's technical specifications for accuracy, limit of linearity (LOL), drift, and range of operating temperature. Accuracy specifications were met in the TriOS, Hach, and SUNA. The stock calibration of the S::CAN required two offset adjustments before the analyzer met the manufacturer's accuracy specification. Instrument drift was observed only in the S::CAN and was the result of leaching from the optical path insert seals. All tested models, except for the Hach, met their specified LOL in the laboratory testing. The Hach's range was found to be approximately 18 milligrams nitrogen per liter (mg-N/L) and not the manufacturer-specified 25 mg-N/L. Measurements by all of the tested analyzers showed signs of hysteresis in the operating temperature tests. Only the SUNA measurements demonstrated excessive noise and instability in temperatures above 20 degrees Celsius (&deg;C). The SUNA analyzer was returned to the manufacturer at the completion of the Phase II field deployment evaluation for repair and recalibration, and the performance of the sensor improved significantly.</p>\n<p>In Phase II, the analyzers were deployed in field conditions at three diferent USGS sites. The measured nitrate concentrations were compared to discrete (reference) samples analyzed by the Direct UV method on a Shimadzu UV1800 bench top spectrophotometer, and by the National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI) method I-2548-11 at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory. The first deployment at USGS site 0249620 on the East Pearl River in Hancock County, Mississippi, tested the ability of the TriOs ProPs (10-mm path length), Hach NITRATAX (5 mm), Satlantic SUNA (10 mm), and the S::CAN Spectro::lyser (5 mm) to accurately measure low-level (less than 2 mg-N/L) nitrate concentrations while observing the effect turbidity and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) would have on the analyzers' measurements. The second deployment at USGS site 01389005 Passaic River below Pompton River at Two Bridges, New Jersey, tested the analyzer's accuracy in mid-level (2-8 mg-N/L) nitrate concentrations. This site provided the means to test the analyzers' performance in two distinct matrices&mdash;the Passaic and the Pompton Rivers. In this deployment, three instruments tested in Phase I (TriOS, Hach, and SUNA) were deployed with the S::CAN Spectro::lyser (35 mm) already placed by the New Jersey Water Science Center (WSC). The third deployment at USGS site 05579610 Kickapoo Creek at 2100E Road near Bloomington, Illinois, tested the ability of the analyzers to measure high nitrate concentrations (greater than 8 mg-N/L) in turbid waters. For Kickapoo Creek, the HIF provided the TriOS (10 mm) and S::CAN (5 mm) from Phase I, and a SUNA V2 (5 mm) to be deployed adjacent to the Illinois WSC-owned Hach (2 mm). A total of 40 discrete samples were collected from the three deployment sites and analyzed. The nitrate concentration of the samples ranged from 0.3&ndash;22.2 mg-N/L. The average absolute difference between the TriOS measurements and discrete samples was 0.46 mg-N/L. For the combined data from the Hach 5-mm and 2-mm analyzers, the average absolute difference between the Hach samples and the discrete samples was 0.13 mg-N/L. For the SUNA and SUNA V2 combined data, the average absolute difference between the SUNA samples and the discrete samples was 0.66 mg-N/L. The average absolute difference between the S::CAN samples and the discrete samples was 0.63 mg-N/L.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151065","usgsCitation":"Snazelle, T., 2015, Results from laboratory and field testing of nitrate measuring spectrophotometers: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1065, v, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151065.","productDescription":"v, 15 p.","numberOfPages":"39","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057525","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151065.jpg"},{"id":300294,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1065/pdf/ofr2015-1065.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300293,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1065/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551c4aae4b0a92fa7e93b94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snazelle, Teri T. tsnazelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":5663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snazelle","given":"Teri T.","email":"tsnazelle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70144854,"text":"ofr20151063 - 2015 - Evaluation of Xylem EXO water-quality sondes and sensors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T11:41:57","indexId":"ofr20151063","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-11T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1063","title":"Evaluation of Xylem EXO water-quality sondes and sensors","docAbstract":"<p><span>Two models of multiparameter sondes manufactured by Xylem, parent company of Yellow Springs Incorporated (YSI)&mdash;EXO1&nbsp;and EXO2&mdash;equipped with EXO conductivity/temperature (C/T), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and turbidity sensors, were evaluated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility. The sondes and sensors were evaluated in two phases for compliance with the manufacturer&rsquo;s specifications and the USGS acceptance criteria for continuous water-quality monitors. Phase one tested the accuracy of the water-quality sondes equipped: (a) with a C/T, pH, DO, and turbidity sensor by comparing the EXO sensors&rsquo; measured values to those of an equivalently configured YSI 6920 V2-2 sensor, and (b) with multiple sensors of the same parameter type (such as three pH sensors and a C/T sensor) on a single sonde at room temperature and at an extended temperature range. In addition to accuracy, the communication protocols and the manufacturing specifications for range of detection and operating temperature were also tested during this phase. Phase two evaluated the sondes&rsquo; performance in a surface-water environment by deploying an EXO1 and an EXO2 equipped with pH, C/T, DO, and turbidity sensors at USGS site 02492620 located at East Pearl River near Bay Saint Louis, Mississippi. The EXO sondes&rsquo; temperature deviations from a certified YSI 4600 digital thermometer were within the &plusmn;0.2 degree Celsius (&deg;C) USGS criteria, but were greater than the &plusmn;0.01 &deg;C manufacturing specification. The conductivity sensors met the &plusmn;3 percent USGS criteria for specific conductance greater than 100 microsiemens per centimeter. The sensors met the more stringent &plusmn;0.5 percent manufacturing specification only at room temperature in the 250 microsiemens per centimeter (&micro;S/cm) standard. The manufacturing and USGS criteria (&plusmn;0.2 pH unit) were met in pH standards 4, 9.2, 10, and 12.45, but were not met in pH 1.68 standard. The DO sensors met both the &plusmn;0.3 milligram per liter (mg/L) USGS criteria and the &plusmn;1 percent manufacturing specification. The &plusmn;5 percent USGS criteria for turbidity in waters not exceeding 2,000 formazin nephelometric units (FNU) were met by the five turbidity sensors tested; however, all five sensors failed to meet these requirements at turbidities exceeding 2,000 FNU. The more stringent &plusmn;2 percent manufacturing turbidity specification for water with less than 1,000 FNU was met by only one of the five sensors tested. The results from the field deployment indicated acceptable agreement in temperature, specific conductance, pH, and DO between the EXO sondes, the site sonde, and the reference sonde. The EXO1 and EXO2 turbidity measurements differed from the site sonde by approximately 23 and 25 percent, respectively.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151063","usgsCitation":"Snazelle, T., 2015, Evaluation of Xylem EXO water-quality sondes and sensors: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1063, vi, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151063.","productDescription":"vi, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057551","costCenters":[{"id":339,"text":"Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300291,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1063/pdf/ofr2015-1063.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.06 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300290,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1063/"},{"id":300292,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151063.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551c4a8e4b0a92fa7e93b90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snazelle, Teri T. tsnazelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":5663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snazelle","given":"Teri T.","email":"tsnazelle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70147964,"text":"sir20155027 - 2015 - The source, discharge, and chemical characteristics of selected springs, and the abundance and health of associated endemic anuran species in the Mojave network parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T14:51:12.751726","indexId":"sir20155027","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-11T08:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5027","title":"The source, discharge, and chemical characteristics of selected springs, and the abundance and health of associated endemic anuran species in the Mojave network parks","docAbstract":"<p>Hydrological and biological investigations were done during 2005 and 2006 in cooperation with the U.S. National Park Service to investigate the source, discharge, and chemical characteristics of selected springs and the abundance and health of endemic anuran (frog and toad) species at Darwin Falls in Death Valley National Park, Piute Spring in Mojave National Preserve, and Fortynine Palms Oasis in Joshua Tree National Park. Discharge from the springs at these sites sustains isolated riparian habitats in the normally dry Mojave Desert. Data were collected on water quantity (discharge) and quality, air and water temperature, and abundance and health of endemic anuran species. In addition, a single survey of the abundance and health of endemic anuran species was completed at Rattlesnake Canyon in Joshua Tree National Park. Results from this study were compared to limited historical data, where they exist, and can provide a baseline for future hydrological and biological investigations to evaluate the health and sustainability of the resource and its response to changing climate and increasing human use.</p>\n<p>Radiocarbon dating of the water yielded estimated ages of about 7,000 years at Piute Spring and about 3,000 years at Darwin Spring, and tritium-helium-3 dating indicated an age of less than 2 years at Fortynine Palms Oasis. Stable hydrogen-isotope ratios were used to interpret an average altitude of recharge of 2,348 meters for Darwin Spring (about 1,415 meters higher than the altitude of Darwin Spring), 1,668 meters for Piute Spring (about 766 meters higher than the altitude of Piute Spring), and 1,400 meters for the Upper Pool at Fortynine Palms Oasis (about 543 meters higher than the altitude of the Upper Pool). Water-quality data collected for this study did not appear to be sensitive to trends in precipitation or seasonality in the Darwin Falls and Piute Spring study areas; however, it was sensitive to trends in Fortynine Palms Oasis where salinity increased by more than 10 percent during the 2 years of this study. Such a rapid response is consistent with the comparatively short travel time of less than 2 years from recharge to discharge at Fortynine Palms Oasis. Of the 14 trace elements analyzed, only concentrations of uranium at Fortynine Palms Oasis and arsenic at Darwin Spring were above drinking water standards; both constituents are derived from natural sources in the drainage basin and, therefore, are likely to have accumulated as a result of natural processes.</p>\n<p>Endemic anuran species were surveyed at Darwin Falls for the western toad (<i>Anaxyrus boreas</i>) and the red-spotted toad (<i>Anaxyrus punctatus</i>), at Piute Spring for the red-spotted toad, and at Fortynine Palms Oasis for the red-spotted toad and California treefrog (<i>Pseudacris cadaverina</i>). Historically, red-spotted toads were at the edge of their range at Darwin Falls, but they were not detected during this study and have not been detected since the early 1980s. The 2006 western toad population at Darwin Falls was estimated at 381 adults (95-percent confidence interval [CI] of 314&ndash;482). The population of red-spotted toads at Piute Spring was estimated at 1,153 adults (95-percent CI of 935&ndash;1,503). However, an elevated rate of abnormalities (approximately 5 percent) was recorded in red-spotted toads as well as the presence of the chytrid fungus,<i>Bactrochochytrium dendrobatidis</i>, at Piute Spring. In Joshua Tree National Park, the California treefrog now occupies only three of the seven historically occupied drainages. Populations of California treefrogs at Fortynine Palms Oasis have declined more than 50 percent from 288 in 1969&ndash;71 to 109 in 2006. A similar decline was observed in the populations of red-spotted toads at Fortynine Palms Oasis from 300 adults in 1969&ndash;71 to 155 adults (95-percent CI of 90&ndash;139) in 2006. The red-spotted toads at Fortynine Palms Oasis also exhibited the presence of<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span><i>Bactrochochytrium dendrobatidis</i>.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155027","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Schroeder, R.A., Smith, G.A., Martin, P., Flint, A.L., Gallegos, E., and Fisher, R.N., 2015, The source, discharge, and chemical characteristics of selected springs, and the abundance and health of associated endemic anuran species in the Mojave network parks: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5027, xviii, 128 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155027.","productDescription":"xviii, 128 p.","numberOfPages":"150","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-002272","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300258,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5027/pdf/sir2015-5027.pdf","text":"Report","size":"54.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300252,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5027/"},{"id":300259,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155027.jpg"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, zone 11","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Darwin Falls, Death Valley National Park, Fortynine Palms Oasis, Joshua Tree National Park, Mojave National Preserve, Piute Spring","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n 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raschroe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Roy","email":"raschroe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":546512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Gregory A. 0000-0001-8170-9924 gasmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8170-9924","contributorId":1520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Gregory","email":"gasmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":546510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X 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,{"id":70186235,"text":"70186235 - 2015 - Monitoring Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem wetlands: Can long-term monitoring help us understand their future?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T12:04:34","indexId":"70186235","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3802,"text":"Yellowstone Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem wetlands: Can long-term monitoring help us understand their future?","docAbstract":"<p>In the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), changes in the drying cycles of wetlands have been documented. Wetlands are areas where the water table is at or near the land surface and standing shallow water is present for much or all of the growing season. We discuss how monitoring data can be used to document variation in annual flooding and drying patterns of wetlands monitored across Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks, investigate how these patterns are related to a changing climate, and explore how drying of wetlands may impact amphibians. The documented declines of some amphibian species are of growing concern to scientists and land managers alike, in part because disappearances have occurred in some of the most protected places. These disappearances are a recognized component of what is being described as Earth’s sixth mass extinction.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Yellowstone Association for Natural Science","publisherLocation":"Yellowstone National Park, WY","usgsCitation":"Ray, A.M., Sepulveda, A.J., Hossack, B.R., Patla, D., Thoma, D., Al-Chokhachy, R.K., and Litt, A., 2015, Monitoring Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem wetlands: Can long-term monitoring help us understand their future?: Yellowstone Science, v. 23, no. 1, p. 44-53.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"44","endPage":"53","ipdsId":"IP-054854","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339004,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/yellowstone-science.htm"},{"id":339027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Debra","contributorId":190257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patla","given":"Debra","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thoma, David","contributorId":190258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thoma","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert K. 0000-0002-2136-5098 ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":1674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","email":"ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":687967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Litt, Andrea R.","contributorId":22226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litt","given":"Andrea 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,{"id":70148406,"text":"70148406 - 2015 - Seismotectonic significance of the 2008–2010 Walloon Brabant seismic swarm in the Brabant Massif, Belgium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-20T13:26:51","indexId":"70148406","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismotectonic significance of the 2008–2010 Walloon Brabant seismic swarm in the Brabant Massif, Belgium","docAbstract":"<p><span>Between 12 July 2008 and 18 January 2010 a seismic swarm occurred close to the town of Court-Saint-Etienne, 20</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km SE of Brussels (Belgium). The Belgian network and a temporary seismic network covering the epicentral area established a seismic catalogue in which magnitude varies between M</span><sub>L</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>-0.7 and M</span><sub>L</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>3.2. Based on waveform cross-correlation of co-located earthquakes, the spatial distribution of the hypocentre locations was improved considerably and shows a dense cluster displaying a 200</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m-wide, 1.5-km long, NW-SE oriented fault structure at a depth range between 5 and 7</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km, located in the Cambrian basement rocks of the Lower Palaeozoic Anglo-Brabant Massif. Waveform comparison of the largest events of the 2008–2010 swarm with an M</span><sub>L</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>4.0 event that occurred during swarm activity between 1953 and 1957 in the same region shows similar P- and S-wave arrivals at the Belgian Uccle seismic station. The geometry depicted by the hypocentral distribution is consistent with a nearly vertical, left-lateral strike-slip fault taking place in a current local WNW–ESE oriented local maximum horizontal stress field. To determine a relevant tectonic structure, a systematic matched filtering approach of aeromagnetic data, which can approximately locate isolated anomalies associated with hypocentral depths, has been applied. Matched filtering shows that the 2008–2010 seismic swarm occurred along a limited-sized fault which is situated in slaty, low-magnetic rocks of the Mousty Formation. The fault is bordered at both ends with obliquely oriented magnetic gradients. Whereas the NW end of the fault is structurally controlled, its SE end is controlled by a magnetic gradient representing an early-orogenic detachment fault separating the low-magnetic slaty Mousty Formation from the high-magnetic Tubize Formation. The seismic swarm is therefore interpreted as a sinistral reactivation of an inherited NW–SE oriented isolated fault in a weakened crust within the Cambrian core of the Brabant Massif.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2015.05.026","usgsCitation":"Van Noten, K., Lecocq, T., Shah, A.K., and Camelbeeck, T., 2015, Seismotectonic significance of the 2008–2010 Walloon Brabant seismic swarm in the Brabant Massif, Belgium: Tectonophysics, v. 656, p. 20-38, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2015.05.026.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"20","endPage":"38","ipdsId":"IP-063684","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344132,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Belgium","otherGeospatial":"Brabant Massif","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              2.3,\n              50.35\n            ],\n            [\n              5.9,\n              50.35\n            ],\n            [\n              5.9,\n              51.65\n            ],\n            [\n              2.3,\n              51.65\n            ],\n            [\n              2.3,\n              50.35\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"656","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5971c1c5e4b0ec1a4885dae4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Noten, Koen","contributorId":141029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Noten","given":"Koen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13659,"text":"Royal Observatory of Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lecocq, Thomas","contributorId":141030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lecocq","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13659,"text":"Royal Observatory of Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shah, Anjana K. 0000-0002-3198-081X ashah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":2297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Anjana","email":"ashah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Camelbeeck, Thierry","contributorId":141031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camelbeeck","given":"Thierry","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13659,"text":"Royal Observatory of Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70176907,"text":"70176907 - 2015 - Conservation paleobiology: Leveraging knowledge of the past to inform conservation and restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-13T09:03:54","indexId":"70176907","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":806,"text":"Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation paleobiology: Leveraging knowledge of the past to inform conservation and restoration","docAbstract":"<p><span>Humans now play a major role in altering Earth and its biota. Finding ways to ameliorate human impacts on biodiversity and to sustain and restore the ecosystem services on which we depend is a grand scientific and societal challenge. Conservation paleobiology is an emerging discipline that uses geohistorical data to meet these challenges by developing and testing models of how biota respond to environmental stressors. Here we (</span><i>a</i><span>) describe how the discipline has already provided insights about biotic responses to key environmental stressors, (</span><i>b</i><span>) outline research aimed at disentangling the effects of multiple stressors, (</span><i>c</i><span>) provide examples of deliverables for managers and policy makers, and (</span><i>d</i><span>) identify methodological advances in geohistorical analysis that will foster the next major breakthroughs in conservation outcomes. We highlight cases for which exclusive reliance on observations of living biota may lead researchers to erroneous conclusions about the nature and magnitude of biotic change, vulnerability, and resilience.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Annual Reviews Inc.","publisherLocation":"Palo Alto, CA","doi":"10.1146/annurev-earth-040610-133349","usgsCitation":"Dietl, G.P., Kidwell, S.M., Brenner, M., Burney, D.A., Flessa, K.W., Jackson, S.T., and Koch, P.L., 2015, Conservation paleobiology: Leveraging knowledge of the past to inform conservation and restoration: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 43, p. 79-103, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-040610-133349.","startPage":"79","endPage":"103","numberOfPages":"25","ipdsId":"IP-056769","costCenters":[{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-040610-133349","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":329515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57ffdeffe4b0824b2d179cf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dietl, Gregory P.","contributorId":175306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dietl","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kidwell, Susan M.","contributorId":18003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kidwell","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":33013,"text":"Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":650747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brenner, Mark","contributorId":86380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brenner","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burney, David A.","contributorId":175307,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burney","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flessa, Karl W.","contributorId":175308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flessa","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jackson, Stephen T. 0000-0002-1487-4652 stjackson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1487-4652","contributorId":344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Stephen","email":"stjackson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":560,"text":"South Central Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Koch, Paul L.","contributorId":6742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70156024,"text":"70156024 - 2015 - Western juniper management: assessing strategies for improving greater sage-grouse habitat and rangeland productivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-13T14:31:57","indexId":"70156024","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-10T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Western juniper management: assessing strategies for improving greater sage-grouse habitat and rangeland productivity","docAbstract":"<p>Western juniper (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Juniperus occidentalis</i> subsp. <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">occidentalis</i>) range expansion into sagebrush steppe ecosystems has affected both native wildlife and economic livelihoods across western North America. The potential listing of the greater sage-grouse (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Centrocercus urophasianus</i>) under the U.S. Endangered Species Act has spurred a decade of juniper removal efforts, yet limited research has evaluated program effectiveness. We used a multi-objective spatially explicit model to identify optimal juniper removal sites in Northeastern California across weighted goals for ecological (sage-grouse habitat) and economic (cattle forage production) benefits. We also extended the analysis through alternative case scenarios that tested the effects of coordination among federal agencies, budgetary constraints, and the use of fire as a juniper treatment method. We found that sage-grouse conservation and forage production goals are somewhat complementary, but the extent of complementary benefits strongly depends on spatial factors and management approaches. Certain management actions substantially increase achievable benefits, including agency coordination and the use of prescribed burns to remove juniper. Critically, our results indicate that juniper management strategies designed to increase cattle forage do not necessarily achieve measurable sage-grouse benefits, underscoring the need for program evaluation and monitoring.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-015-0521-1","usgsCitation":"Farzan, S., Young, D.J., Dedrick, A.G., Hamilton, M., Porse, E.C., Coates, P.S., and Sampson, G., 2015, Western juniper management: assessing strategies for improving greater sage-grouse habitat and rangeland productivity: Environmental Management, v. 56, no. 3, p. 675-683, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0521-1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"675","endPage":"683","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063191","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472099,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0521-1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306677,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.67358398437499,\n              39.07890809706475\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.67358398437499,\n              42.382894009614056\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.740478515625,\n              42.382894009614056\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.740478515625,\n              39.07890809706475\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.67358398437499,\n              39.07890809706475\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfc1e4b08400b1fe145b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farzan, Shahla","contributorId":146396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farzan","given":"Shahla","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, Derek J.N.","contributorId":146397,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"J.N.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dedrick, Allison G.","contributorId":146398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dedrick","given":"Allison","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamilton, Mattew","contributorId":146399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Mattew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Porse, Erik C.","contributorId":146400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Porse","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sampson, Gabriel","contributorId":146401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sampson","given":"Gabriel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70144994,"text":"sir20155051 - 2015 - Flood-inundation maps for the White River at Indianapolis, Indiana, 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-08T13:47:45","indexId":"sir20155051","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-08T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5051","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the White River at Indianapolis, Indiana, 2014","docAbstract":"<p>Digital flood-inundation maps for a 6.4-mile reach of the White River in Indianapolis, Indiana, from 0.3 miles upstream of Michigan Street to the Harding Street Generating Station dam (at the confluence with Lick Creek), were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs. The flood-inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span><a href=\"http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/\">http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/</a>, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage on the White River at Indianapolis, Ind. (station number 03353000). Near-real-time stages at this streamgage may be obtained on the Internet from the USGS National Water Information System at<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span><a href=\"http://waterdata.usgs.gov/\">http://waterdata.usgs.gov/</a>or the National Weather Service (NWS) Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service at<a href=\"http://water.weather.gov/ahps/\">http://water.weather.gov/ahps/</a>, which also forecasts flood hydrographs at this site.</p>\n<p>Flood profiles were computed for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The model was calibrated by using the current stage-discharge relations at three USGS streamgages: the White River at Indianapolis (station number 03353000), the White River at Michigan Street at Indianapolis (station number 03352953), and the White River at Stout Generating Station at Indianapolis (station number 03353611).</p>\n<p>The hydraulic model was then used to compute 11 water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot (ft) intervals referenced to the White River at Indianapolis streamgage datum and ranging from 10 ft, or the NWS &ldquo;action stage,&rdquo; to 20 ft, which is the highest stage in the stage-discharge relation for the streamgage and the NWS &ldquo;moderate flood stage.&rdquo;</p>\n<p>The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system digital elevation model (derived from light detection and ranging [lidar] data having a vertical 0.183-ft root mean squared error and 5.0-ft horizontal resolution) to delineate the area flooded at each water level.</p>\n<p>The availability of these maps, along with Internet information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage and forecasted high-flow stages from the NWS, will provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for postflood recovery efforts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155051","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs","usgsCitation":"Nystrom, E.A., 2015, Flood-inundation maps for the White River at Indianapolis, Indiana, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5051, Report: iv, 12 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155051.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 12 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-061280","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300238,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155051.jpg"},{"id":300235,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5051/"},{"id":300236,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5051/pdf/sir2015-5051.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.27 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300237,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5051/downloads","text":"Downloads Directory","description":"Downloads Directory","linkHelpText":"Contains: geospatial database."}],"projection":"Transverse Mercator Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Indianapolis","otherGeospatial":"White River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.20121955871582,\n              39.781036016645544\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.18001937866211,\n              39.77773791337689\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.1709213256836,\n              39.767116946991244\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.16508483886719,\n              39.742306320384046\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.16911888122559,\n              39.71484585272144\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.17641448974608,\n              39.70758284298595\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.18611335754395,\n              39.70698856289375\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.18568420410156,\n              39.69629064595011\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.18894577026367,\n              39.69596043694606\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.21769905090332,\n              39.717090628297655\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.21769905090332,\n              39.72342842379847\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.1990737915039,\n              39.735574237097275\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.1796760559082,\n              39.73735632314099\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.17401123046875,\n              39.74316428375111\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.20121955871582,\n              39.781036016645544\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"554dd01ae4b082ec54129ee9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nystrom, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-0886-3439 nystrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-3439","contributorId":1072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nystrom","given":"Elizabeth","email":"nystrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70142865,"text":"ds911 - 2015 - Database for the geologic map of Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-08T13:21:06","indexId":"ds911","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-08T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"911","title":"Database for the geologic map of Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p><span>This dataset contains contacts, geologic units, and map boundaries from Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-1371, \"The Geologic map of upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone, National Park, Wyoming\". This dataset was constructed to produce a digital geologic map as a basis for ongoing studies of hydrothermal processes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds911","usgsCitation":"Abendini, A.A., Robinson, J., Muffler, L.P., White, D., Beeson, M.H., and Truesdell, A.H., 2015, Database for the geologic map of Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 911, Geodatabase; FGDC Styles/Fonts; Shapefile; Readme; Metadata; Map: 35.99 x 40.49 inches; ArcMap, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds911.","productDescription":"Geodatabase; FGDC Styles/Fonts; Shapefile; Readme; Metadata; Map: 35.99 x 40.49 inches; ArcMap","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051097","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science 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,{"id":70146524,"text":"fs20153035 - 2015 - Scientific information in support of water resource management of the Big River area, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T13:17:37","indexId":"fs20153035","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-08T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3035","title":"Scientific information in support of water resource management of the Big River area, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"<p>The Rhode Island Water Resources Board (RIWRB) is concerned that the demand for water may exceed the available public water supply in central and southern Rhode Island. Although water is often assumed to be plentiful in Rhode Island because of abundant rainfall, an adequate supply of water is not always available everywhere in the state during dry periods. Concerns that water demand may exceed supply are greatest during the summer, when lower water levels and increased drought potential combine with seasonal increases in peak water demand (Rhode Island Water Resources Board, 2012). High summer water demands are due to increases in outdoor water use, such as lawn watering and agricultural irrigation, and to increased summer population in coastal areas. Water-supply concerns are particularly acute in central and southern Rhode Island, where groundwater is the primary source of drinking water.</p>\n<p>The Big River and Mishnock River Basins are subbasins of the South Branch of the Pawtuxet River Basin in central and southern Rhode Island. These basins&mdash;referred to together as &ldquo;the Big River area&rdquo; for the purposes of this report&mdash;are undeveloped relative to other nearby areas and provide a potential source of high-quality public drinking water for central and southern Rhode Island.</p>\n<p>After the severe drought of the 1960s, the State of Rhode Island acquired land in the Big River area with the intention of building a water-supply reservoir. The reservoir was not built because of concerns over potential environmental impacts and projected statewide water-supply needs (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1989). The land acquired for the reservoir (13.4 mi<sup>2</sup>), called the Big River Management Area (BRMA), is currently managed by the RIWRB as a future source for public water supply and as open space. In the 1980s, the RIWRB began to consider whether the BRMA could supply water from its aquifers (groundwater). Groundwater withdrawals for public or other water-supply needs can alter the hydrologic conditions and ecologic communities of surrounding rivers, lakes, and wetlands by removing water from these systems. Consequently, the RIWRB was interested in determining optimal amounts of groundwater that could be withdrawn from the BRMA for public supply while minimizing the effects on rivers, lakes, streams, and wetlands that also rely on this water.</p>\n<p>For nearly two decades, the RIWRB has conducted a series of cooperative studies with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The goals of these studies have been to (1) evaluate and characterize the water resources of the BRMA and the greater Big River area, and (2) identify sustainable levels of groundwater use that would minimize effects on water resources. This fact sheet describes the major findings of those studies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153035","usgsCitation":"Armstrong, D.S., Masterson, J., Robinson, K.W., and Crawley, K.M., 2015, Scientific information in support of water resource management of the Big River area, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3035, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153035.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-013379","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science 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kwrobins@usgs.gov","contributorId":2969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Keith","email":"kwrobins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":545041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crawley, Kathleen M.","contributorId":140295,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crawley","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13446,"text":"Rhode Island Water Resources Board","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70147544,"text":"ofr20151086 - 2015 - Gravity data from the Sierra Vista Subwatershed, Upper San Pedro Basin, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T14:27:38","indexId":"ofr20151086","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-08T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1086","title":"Gravity data from the Sierra Vista Subwatershed, Upper San Pedro Basin, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>Observations of very small changes of Earth&rsquo;s gravitational field (time-lapse gravity) provide a direct, non-invasive method for measuring changes in aquifer storage change. An existing network of gravity stations in the Sierra Vista Subwatershed was revised in 2014 to better understand the spatial distribution of changes in aquifer storage, especially with relation to ephemeral channel recharge and a groundwater cone of depression associated with pumping in the greater Sierra Vista area. In addition, the network was extended to provide baseline data for possible future enhanced-recharge projects.</p>\n<p>This report (1) summarizes changes to the Sierra Vista Subwatershed regional time-lapse gravity network with respect to station locations and (2) presents 2014 and 2015 gravity measurements and gravity values at each station. A prior gravity network, established between 2000 and 2005, was revised in 2014 to cover a larger number of stations over a smaller geographic area in order to decrease measurement and interpolation uncertainty. The network currently consists of 59 gravity stations, including 14 absolute-gravity stations. Following above-average rainfall during summer 2014, gravity increased at all but one of the absolute-gravity stations that were observed in both June 2014 and January 2015. This increase in gravity indicates increased groundwater storage in the aquifer and (or) unsaturated zone as a result of rainfall and infiltration.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151086","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with The Nature Conservancy","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, J.R., 2015, Gravity data from the Sierra Vista Subwatershed, Upper San Pedro Basin, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1086, iv, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151086.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063495","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300169,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151086.JPG"},{"id":337238,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7SQ8XHX","text":"Gravity change from 2014 to 2015, Sierra Vista Subwatershed, Upper San Pedro Basin, Arizona"},{"id":300166,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1086/"},{"id":300168,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1086/pdf/ofr2015-1086.pdf","size":"4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Upper San Pedro Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.37483215332031,\n              31.357741484720663\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.37483215332031,\n              31.65221239429719\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.0830078125,\n              31.65221239429719\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.0830078125,\n              31.357741484720663\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.37483215332031,\n              31.357741484720663\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"554dd01be4b082ec54129eeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, Jeffrey R. 0000-0002-3365-6589 jkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-6589","contributorId":2172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70147833,"text":"70147833 - 2015 - Habitat use patterns of the invasive red lionfish <i>Pterois volitans</i>: a comparison between mangrove and reef systems in San Salvador, Bahamas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-22T18:36:22","indexId":"70147833","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-07T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat use patterns of the invasive red lionfish <i>Pterois volitans</i>: a comparison between mangrove and reef systems in San Salvador, Bahamas","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Indo-Pacific red lionfish&nbsp;</span><i>Pterois volitans</i><span>&nbsp;is widespread both in its native and its non-native habitats. The rapid invasion of this top predator has had a marked negative effect on fish populations in the Western Atlantic and the Caribbean. It is now well documented that lionfish are invading many tropical and sub-tropical habitats. However, there are fewer data available on the change in lionfish abundance over time and the variation of body size and diet across habitats. A recent study in San Salvador, Bahamas, found body size differences between individuals from mangrove and reef systems. That study further suggested that ontogenetic investigation of habitat use patterns could help clarify whether lionfish are using the mangrove areas of San Salvador as nurseries. The aim of the present study is to determine temporal trends in lionfish relative abundance in mangrove and reef systems in San Salvador, and to further assess whether there is evidence suggesting an ontogenetic shift from mangroves to reef areas. Accordingly, we collected lionfish from mangrove and reef habitats and calculated catch per unit effort (a proxy for relative abundance), compared body size distributions across these two systems, and employed a combination of stable isotope, stomach content, and genetic analyses of prey, to evaluate differences in lionfish trophic interactions and habitat use patterns. Our results show that populations may have increased in San Salvador during the last 4&nbsp;years, and that there is a strong similarity in body size between habitats, stark differences in prey items, and no apparent overlap in the use of habitat and/or food resources. These results suggest that there is not evidence an for ontogenetic shift from mangroves to reefs, and support other studies that propose lionfish are opportunistic forages with little movement across habitats.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/maec.12114","usgsCitation":"Pimiento, C., Nifong, J.C., Hunter, M.E., Monaco, E., and Silliman, B.R., 2015, Habitat use patterns of the invasive red lionfish <i>Pterois volitans</i>: a comparison between mangrove and reef systems in San Salvador, Bahamas: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 36, no. 1, p. 28-37, https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.12114.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"37","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044197","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Bahamas","state":"San Salvador","otherGeospatial":"Graham's Harbor, Pigeon Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.47494506835938,\n              24.119181784645278\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.47494506835938,\n              24.12826860596954\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.4594955444336,\n              24.12826860596954\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.4594955444336,\n              24.119181784645278\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.47494506835938,\n              24.119181784645278\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.49348449707031,\n              23.958018806761356\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.49348449707031,\n              23.966175871265044\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.4824981689453,\n              23.966175871265044\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.4824981689453,\n              23.958018806761356\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.49348449707031,\n              23.958018806761356\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"554c7ea9e4b082ec54128481","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pimiento, Catalina","contributorId":140625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pimiento","given":"Catalina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13453,"text":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nifong, James C.","contributorId":140624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nifong","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13453,"text":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunter, Margaret E. 0000-0002-4760-9302 mhunter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-9302","contributorId":140622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Margaret","email":"mhunter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monaco, Eric","contributorId":140623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monaco","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13453,"text":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Silliman, Brian R.","contributorId":53659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silliman","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70147793,"text":"70147793 - 2015 - The natural sediment regime in rivers: broadening the foundation for ecosystem management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-07T11:03:59","indexId":"70147793","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-07T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The natural sediment regime in rivers: broadening the foundation for ecosystem management","docAbstract":"<p><span>Water and sediment inputs are fundamental drivers of river ecosystems, but river management tends to emphasize flow regime at the expense of sediment regime. In an effort to frame a more inclusive paradigm for river management, we discuss sediment inputs, transport, and storage within river systems; interactions among water, sediment, and valley context; and the need to broaden the natural flow regime concept. Explicitly incorporating sediment is challenging, because sediment is supplied, transported, and stored by nonlinear and episodic processes operating at different temporal and spatial scales than water and because sediment regimes have been highly altered by humans. Nevertheless, managing for a desired balance between sediment supply and transport capacity is not only tractable, given current geomorphic process knowledge, but also essential because of the importance of sediment regimes to aquatic and riparian ecosystems, the physical template of which depends on sediment-driven river structure and function.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biv002","usgsCitation":"Wohl, E.E., Bledsoe, B.P., Jacobson, R.B., Poff, N.L., Rathburn, S.L., Walters, D., and Wilcox, A., 2015, The natural sediment regime in rivers: broadening the foundation for ecosystem management: BioScience, v. 65, p. 358-371, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biv002.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"358","endPage":"371","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057453","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300160,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","edition":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"554c7ea9e4b082ec54128487","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wohl, Ellen E.","contributorId":16969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wohl","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bledsoe, Brian P.","contributorId":140605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bledsoe","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":13538,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Poff, N. LeRoy","contributorId":90843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poff","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"LeRoy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rathburn, Sara L.","contributorId":140606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rathburn","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13539,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Walters, David M. 0000-0002-4237-2158 waltersd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4237-2158","contributorId":4444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"David M.","email":"waltersd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilcox, Andrew C.","contributorId":25064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"Andrew C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70144506,"text":"ofr20151061 - 2015 - Geochemical and mineralogical sampling of the Devonian shales in the Broadtop synclinorium, Appalachian basin, in Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-08T09:47:57","indexId":"ofr20151061","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-07T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1061","title":"Geochemical and mineralogical sampling of the Devonian shales in the Broadtop synclinorium, Appalachian basin, in Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>Reconnaissance field mapping and outcrop sampling for geochemical and mineralogical analyses indicate that the Middle Devonian Marcellus Shale in the Broadtop synclinorium and nearby areas from southeastern West Virginia to south-central Pennsylvania has an organic content sufficiently high and a thermal maturity sufficiently moderate to be considered for a shale gas play. The organic matter-rich Marcellus Shale is present throughout most of the synclinorium, being absent only where it has been eroded from the crest of anticlines. Geochemical analyses of outcrop and well drill-cuttings samples indicate that variable levels of hydrocarbons have been generated and expelled from the kerogen originally in place in the mudstone. The mineralogical characteristics of the Marcellus Shale samples from the study area are conducive to a continuous resource play, but the Middle Devonian strata are folded, faulted, and moderately to heavily sheared in the Broadtop synclinorium.</p>\n<p>The presence of conventional anticlinal gas fields in the study area that are productive from the underlying Lower Devonian Oriskany Sandstone suggests that an unconventional (or continuous) shale gas system may be in place within the Marcellus Shale in the study area. Results of this study indicate that the Marcellus Shale in the Broadtop synclinorium generally is similar in organic geochemical nature throughout its extent, and based on the sample analyses, there are no clearly identifiable high potential areas (or &ldquo;sweet spots&rdquo;) in the study area. This report contains analyses of 132 outcrop and well drill-cuttings samples.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151061","usgsCitation":"Enomoto, C.B., Coleman, J.L., Swezey, C.S., Niemeyer, P.W., and Dulong, F.T., 2015, Geochemical and mineralogical sampling of the Devonian shales in the Broadtop synclinorium, Appalachian basin, in Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1061, Report: v, 32 p.; 5 plates: 42 x 50 inches or smaller ; Appendix; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151061.","productDescription":"Report: v, 32 p.; 5 plates: 42 x 50 inches or smaller ; Appendix; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052347","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300157,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151061.jpg"},{"id":300153,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1061/"},{"id":300154,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1061/pdf/ofr2015-1061.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.04 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300155,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1061/downloads","text":"Downloads Directory","description":"Downloads Directory","linkHelpText":"Contains: Plates 1-5 files in PDF format and Appendix file in Excel format."}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.35498046875,\n              40.38002840251183\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.4208984375,\n              39.8928799002948\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.10205078124999,\n              39.470125122358176\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.080078125,\n              39.232253141714885\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.36572265625,\n              38.90813299596705\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.51953125,\n              38.89103282648846\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.11279296875,\n              38.35888785866677\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.42041015625,\n              37.90953361677018\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.27734374999999,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.35400390625,\n              37.07271048132946\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.2001953125,\n              37.735969208590504\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.26611328125,\n              38.048091067457236\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.87060546875,\n              38.634036452919226\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.453125,\n              38.90813299596705\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.2666015625,\n              40.41349604970198\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.82714843749999,\n              40.54720023441049\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.904296875,\n              40.49709237269567\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.35498046875,\n              40.38002840251183\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"554c7ea8e4b082ec5412847f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Enomoto, Catherine B. 0000-0002-4119-1953 cenomoto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-1953","contributorId":2126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enomoto","given":"Catherine","email":"cenomoto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coleman, James L. 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,{"id":70147795,"text":"sir20125054 - 2015 - Indian National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 01 report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-07T09:36:21","indexId":"sir20125054","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-07T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5054","title":"Indian National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 01 report","docAbstract":"<p>Gas hydrate is a naturally occurring &ldquo;ice-like&rdquo; combination of natural gas and water that has the potential to serve as an immense resource of natural gas from the world&rsquo;s oceans and polar regions. However, gas-hydrate recovery is both a scientific and a technical challenge and much remains to be learned about the geologic, engineering, and economic factors controlling the ultimate energy resource potential of gas hydrate. The amount of natural gas contained in the world&rsquo;s gas-hydrate accumulations is enormous, but these estimates are speculative and range over three orders of magnitude from about 2,800 to 8,000,000 trillion cubic meters of gas. By comparison, conventional natural gas accumulations (reserves and undiscovered, technically recoverable resources) for the world are estimated at approximately 440 trillion cubic meters. Gas recovery from gas hydrate is hindered because the gas is in a solid form and because gas hydrate commonly occurs in remote Arctic and deep marine environments. Proposed methods of gas recovery from gas hydrate generally deal with disassociating or &ldquo;melting&rdquo; in situ gas hydrate by heating the reservoir beyond the temperature of gas-hydrate formation, or decreasing the reservoir pressure below hydrate equilibrium. The pace of energy-related gas hydrate assessment projects has accelerated over the past several years.</p>\n<p>The Indian National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 01 was designed to study the gas-hydrate occurrences off the Indian Peninsula and along the Andaman convergent margin with special emphasis on understanding the geologic and geochemical controls on the occurrence of gas hydrate in these two diverse settings. During Indian National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 01, dedicated gas-hydrate coring, drilling, and downhole logging operations were conducted from 28 April 2006 to 19 August 2006.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125054","usgsCitation":"Collett, T.S., Riedel, M., Boswell, R., Presley, J., Kumar, P., Sathe, A., Sethi, A., Lall, M., and NGHP Expedition Scientists, 2015, Indian National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 01 report: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5054, Report: xv, 1442 p.; 4 Appendices; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125054.","productDescription":"Report: xv, 1442 p.; 4 Appendices; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-04-28","temporalEnd":"2006-08-19","ipdsId":"IP-016709","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science 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,{"id":70129171,"text":"ofr20141125 - 2015 - Historic and forecasted population and land-cover change in eastern North Carolina, 1992-2030","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T15:40:40","indexId":"ofr20141125","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-07T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1125","title":"Historic and forecasted population and land-cover change in eastern North Carolina, 1992-2030","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Southeast Regional Partnership for Planning and Sustainability (SERPPAS) was formed in 2005 as a partnership between the Department of Defense (DOD) and State and Federal agencies to promote better collaboration in making resource-use decisions. In support of this goal, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted a study to evaluate historic population growth and land-cover change, and to model future change, for the 13-county SERPPAS study area in southeastern North Carolina (fig. 1). Improved understanding of trends in land-cover change and the ability to forecast land-cover change that is consistent with these trends will be a key component of efforts to accommodate local military-mission imperatives while also promoting sustainable economic growth throughout the 13-county study area. The study had three principal objectives:</span><br /><br /><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.&nbsp;&nbsp;Evaluate historic changes in population and land cover for the period 1992&ndash;2006 using both previously existing as well as newly generated land-cover data.</span><br /><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.&nbsp;&nbsp;Develop models to forecast future change in land cover using the data gathered in objective 1 in conjunction with ancillary data on the suitability of the various sub-areas within the study area for low- and high-intensity urban development.</span><br /><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3.&nbsp;&nbsp;Deliver these results&mdash;including an executive-level briefing and a USGS technical report&mdash;to DOD, other project cooperators, and local counties in hard-copy and digital formats and via the Web through a map-based data viewer.&nbsp;</span><br /><br /><span>This report provides a general overview of the study and is intended for general distribution to non-technical audiences.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141125","collaboration":"Prepared for the Southeast Regional Partnership for Planning and Sustainability (SERPPAS)","usgsCitation":"Claggett, P.R., Hearn, and Donato, D.I., 2015, Historic and forecasted population and land-cover change in eastern North Carolina, 1992-2030: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1125, v, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141125.","productDescription":"v, 23 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-049106","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science 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phearn@usgs.gov","contributorId":1950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","suffix":"Jr.","email":"phearn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donato, David I. 0000-0002-5412-0249 didonato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5412-0249","contributorId":2234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donato","given":"David","email":"didonato@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156190,"text":"70156190 - 2015 - Temporal and basin-specific population trends of quagga mussels on soft sediment of a multi-basin reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-08T15:31:10","indexId":"70156190","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Temporal and basin-specific population trends of quagga mussels on soft sediment of a multi-basin reservoir","docAbstract":"Invasive quagga (Dreissena bugnesis) and zebra (Dreissena ploymorpha) mussels have rapidly spread throughout North America. Understanding the relationships between environmental variables and quagga mussels during the early stages of invasion will help management strategies and allow researchers to predict patterns of future invasions. Quagga mussels were detected in Lake Mead, NV/AZ in 2007, we monitored early invasion dynamics in 3 basins (Boulder Basin, Las Vegas Bay, Overton Arm) bi-annually from 2008-2011. Mean quagga density increased over time during the first year of monitoring and stabilized for the subsequent two years at the whole-lake scale (8 to 132 individuals·m-2, geometric mean), in Boulder Basin (73 to 875 individuals·m-2), and in Overton Arm(2 to 126 individuals·m-2). In Las Vegas Bay, quagga mussel density was low (9 to 44 individuals·m-2), which was correlated with high sediment metal concentrations and warmer (> 30°C) water temperatures associated with that basin. Carbon content in the sediment increased with depth in Lake Mead and during some sampling periods quagga density was also positively correlated with depth, but more research is required to determine the significance of this interaction. Laboratory growth experiments suggested that food quantity may limit quagga growth in Boulder Basin, indicating an opportunity for population expansion in this basin if primary productivity were to increase, but was not the case in Overton Arm. Overall quagga mussel density in Lake Mead is highly variable and patchy, suggesting that temperature, sediment size, and sediment metal concentrations, and sediment carbon content all contribute to mussel distribution patterns. Quagga mussel density in the soft sediment of Lake Mead expanded during initial colonization, and began to stabilize approximately 3 years after the initial invasion.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biology and management of invasive Quagga and Zebra Mussels in the western United States","language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","collaboration":"University of Nevada-Reno; Desert Research Institute; National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Caldwell, T.J., Rosen, M.R., Chandra, S., Acharya, K., Caires, A.M., Davis, C.J., Thaw, M., and Webster, D.M., 2015, Temporal and basin-specific population trends of quagga mussels on soft sediment of a multi-basin reservoir, chap. <i>of</i> Biology and management of invasive Quagga and Zebra Mussels in the western United States, p. 33-52.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"52","ipdsId":"IP-052767","costCenters":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":306642,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.crcpress.com/Biology-and-Management-of-Invasive-Quagga-and-Zebra-Mussels-in-the-Western/Wong-Gerstenberger/9781466595613"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d28bafe4b0571647d0f94a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caldwell, Timothy J","contributorId":146463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":16704,"text":"University of Nevada - Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosen, Michael R. 0000-0003-3991-0522 mrosen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-0522","contributorId":495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"mrosen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chandra, Sudeep","contributorId":33195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chandra","given":"Sudeep","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Acharya, Kumud","contributorId":146464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Acharya","given":"Kumud","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16138,"text":"Desert Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Caires, Andrea M","contributorId":146465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caires","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":16704,"text":"University of Nevada - Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Davis, Clinton J.","contributorId":146466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Clinton","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16704,"text":"University of Nevada - Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thaw, Melissa","contributorId":146467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thaw","given":"Melissa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16138,"text":"Desert Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Webster, Daniel M. webster@usgs.gov","contributorId":3529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webster","given":"Daniel","email":"webster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70147535,"text":"70147535 - 2015 - Size distribution of rare earth elements in coal ash","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-01T20:20:55.509053","indexId":"70147535","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Size distribution of rare earth elements in coal ash","docAbstract":"<p>Rare earth elements (REEs) are utilized in various applications that are vital to the automotive, petrochemical, medical, and information technology industries. As world demand for REEs increases, critical shortages are expected. Due to the retention of REEs during coal combustion, coal fly ash is increasingly considered a potential resource. Previous studies have demonstrated that coal fly ash is variably enriched in REEs relative to feed coal (e.g, Seredin and Dai, 2012) and that enrichment increases with decreasing size fractions (Blissett et al., 2014). In order to further explore the REE resource potential of coal ash, and determine the partitioning behavior of REE as a function of grain size, we studied whole coal and fly ash size-fractions collected from three U.S commercial-scale coal-fired generating stations burning Appalachian or Powder River Basin coal. Whole fly ash was separated into , 5 um, to 5 to 10 um and 10 to 100 um particle size fractions by mechanical shaking using trace-metal clean procedures. In these samples REE enrichments in whole fly ash ranges 5.6 to 18.5 times that of feedcoals. Partitioning results for size separates relative to whole coal and whole fly ash will also be reported.&nbsp;</p>","conferenceTitle":"World of Coal Ash","conferenceDate":"May 5-7, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Nashville, TN","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Scott, C., Deonarine, A., Kolker, A., Adams, M., and Holland, J., 2015, Size distribution of rare earth elements in coal ash, World of Coal Ash, Nashville, TN, May 5-7, 2015, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065352","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313254,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568ba5e1e4b0e7594ee776c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, Clint 0000-0003-2778-2711 clintonscott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2778-2711","contributorId":5332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Clint","email":"clintonscott@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deonarine, Amrika adeonarine@usgs.gov","contributorId":5072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deonarine","given":"Amrika","email":"adeonarine@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolker, Allan 0000-0002-5768-4533 akolker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-4533","contributorId":643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolker","given":"Allan","email":"akolker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, Monique madams@usgs.gov","contributorId":1231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Monique","email":"madams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holland, James","contributorId":354037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":935014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70144868,"text":"sir20155049 - 2015 - Peak flow regression equations For small, ungaged streams in Maine: Comparing map-based to field-based variables","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-29T10:13:53","indexId":"sir20155049","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-06T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5049","title":"Peak flow regression equations For small, ungaged streams in Maine: Comparing map-based to field-based variables","docAbstract":"<p><span>Regression equations to estimate peak streamflows with 1- to 500-year recurrence intervals (annual exceedance probabilities from 99 to 0.2 percent, respectively) were developed for small, ungaged streams in Maine. Equations presented here are the best available equations for estimating peak flows at ungaged basins in Maine with drainage areas from 0.3 to 12 square miles (mi</span><sup>2</sup><span>). Previously developed equations continue to be the best available equations for estimating peak flows for basin areas greater than 12 mi</span><sup>2</sup><span>. New equations presented here are based on streamflow records at 40 U.S. Geological Survey streamgages with a minimum of 10 years of recorded peak flows between 1963 and 2012. Ordinary least-squares regression techniques were used to determine the best explanatory variables for the regression equations. Traditional map-based explanatory variables were compared to variables requiring field measurements. Two field-based variables&mdash;culvert rust lines and bankfull channel widths&mdash;either were not commonly found or did not explain enough of the variability in the peak flows to warrant inclusion in the equations. The best explanatory variables were drainage area and percent basin wetlands; values for these variables were determined with a geographic information system. Generalized least-squares regression was used with these two variables to determine the equation coefficients and estimates of accuracy for the final equations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155049","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Maine Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Lombard, P., and Hodgkins, G.A., 2015, Peak flow regression equations For small, ungaged streams in Maine: Comparing map-based to field-based variables: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5049, vi, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155049.","productDescription":"vi, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063561","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science 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