{"pageNumber":"1257","pageRowStart":"31400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165309,"records":[{"id":70107437,"text":"pp18019 - 2014 - A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70107437,"text":"pp18019 - 2014 - A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii","indexId":"pp18019","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"9","displayTitle":"A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawai'i","title":"A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T19:06:39.427436","indexId":"pp18019","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"9","displayTitle":"A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawai'i","title":"A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p>The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) was established as a natural laboratory to study volcanic processes. Since the most frequent form of volcanic activity in Hawai&lsquo;i is effusive, a major contribution of the past century of research at HVO has been to describe and quantify lava flow emplacement processes. Lava flow research has taken many forms; first and foremost it has been a collection of basic observational data on active lava flows from both Mauna Loa and Kīlauea volcanoes that have occurred over the past 100 years. Both the types and quantities of observational data have changed with changing technology; thus, another important contribution of HVO to lava flow studies has been the application of new observational techniques. Also important has been a long-term effort to measure the physical properties (temperature, viscosity, crystallinity, and so on) of flowing lava. Field measurements of these properties have both motivated laboratory experiments and presaged the results of those experiments, particularly with respect to understanding the rheology of complex fluids. Finally, studies of the dynamics of lava flow emplacement have combined detailed field measurements with theoretical models to build a framework for the interpretation of lava flows in numerous other terrestrial, submarine, and planetary environments. Here, we attempt to review all these aspects of lava flow studies and place them into a coherent framework that we hope will motivate future research.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18019","usgsCitation":"Cashman, K.V., and Mangan, M.T., 2014, A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18019.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"394","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042087","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299358,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18019.PNG"},{"id":296664,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"},{"id":299357,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap9_Cashman.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9ade4b027f0aee3baf6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543979,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543980,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543981,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Cashman, Katherine V.","contributorId":127856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cashman","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":7172,"text":"University of Bristol, U.K. and University of Oregon, Eugene","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":527131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mangan, Margaret T. 0000-0002-5273-8053 mmangan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-8053","contributorId":3343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangan","given":"Margaret","email":"mmangan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70074632,"text":"70074632 - 2014 - <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar geochronology, paleomagnetism, and evolution of the Boring volcanic field, Oregon and Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-06T07:50:09","indexId":"70074632","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"<sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar geochronology, paleomagnetism, and evolution of the Boring volcanic field, Oregon and Washington, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar investigations of a large suite of fine-grained basaltic rocks of the Boring volcanic field (BVF), Oregon and Washington (USA), yielded two primary results. (1) Using age control from paleomagnetic polarity, stratigraphy, and available plateau ages,&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar recoil model ages are defined that provide reliable age results in the absence of an age plateau, even in cases of significant Ar redistribution. (2) Grouping of eruptive ages either by period of activity or by composition defines a broadly northward progression of BVF volcanism during latest Pliocene and Pleistocene time that reflects rates consistent with regional plate movements. Based on the frequency distribution of measured ages, periods of greatest volcanic activity within the BVF occurred 2.7&ndash;2.2 Ma, 1.7&ndash;0.5 Ma, and 350&ndash;50 ka. Grouped by eruptive episode, geographic distributions of samples define a series of northeast-southwest&ndash;trending strips whose centers migrate from south-southeast to north-northwest at an average rate of 9.3 &plusmn; 1.6 mm/yr. Volcanic activity in the western part of the BVF migrated more rapidly than that to the east, causing trends of eruptive episodes to progress in an irregular, clockwise sense. The K</span><sub>2</sub><span>O and CaO values of dated samples exhibit well-defined temporal trends, decreasing and increasing, respectively, with age of eruption. Divided into two groups by K</span><sub>2</sub><span>O, the centers of these two distributions define a northward migration rate similar to that determined from eruptive age groups. This age and compositional migration rate of Boring volcanism is similar to the clockwise rotation rate of the Oregon Coast Range with respect to North America, and might reflect localized extension on the trailing edge of that rotating crustal block.</span></p>","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00985.1","usgsCitation":"Fleck, R.J., Hagstrum, J.T., Calvert, A.T., Evarts, R.C., and Conrey, R.M., 2014, <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar geochronology, paleomagnetism, and evolution of the Boring volcanic field, Oregon and Washington, USA: Geosphere, v. 10, no. 6, p. 1283-1314, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00985.1.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"1283","endPage":"1314","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051191","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00985.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":320037,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Boring volcanic field","volume":"10","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"570f6dabe4b0ef3b7ca35668","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleck, Robert J. 0000-0002-3149-8249 fleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3149-8249","contributorId":1048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Robert","email":"fleck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hagstrum, Jonathan T. 0000-0002-0689-280X jhag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-280X","contributorId":3474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagstrum","given":"Jonathan","email":"jhag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Calvert, Andrew T. 0000-0001-5237-2218 acalvert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2218","contributorId":2694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"Andrew","email":"acalvert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evarts, Russell C. revarts@usgs.gov","contributorId":1974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evarts","given":"Russell","email":"revarts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conrey, Richard M.","contributorId":41911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrey","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70171568,"text":"70171568 - 2014 - Component geochronology in the polyphase ca. 3920 Ma Acasta Gneiss","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-06T10:15:17","indexId":"70171568","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Component geochronology in the polyphase ca. 3920 Ma Acasta Gneiss","docAbstract":"<p><span>The oldest compiled U&ndash;Pb zircon ages for the Acasta Gneiss Complex in the Northwest Territories of Canada span about 4050&ndash;3850&nbsp;Ma; yet older ca. 4200&nbsp;Ma xenocrystic U&ndash;Pb zircon ages have also been reported for this terrane. The AGC expresses at least 25&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;of outcrop exposure, but only a small subset of this has been documented in the detail required to investigate a complex history and resolve disputes over emplacement ages. To better understand this history, we combined new ion microprobe</span><sup>235,238</sup><span>U&ndash;</span><sup>207,206</sup><span>Pb zircon geochronology with whole-rock and zircon rare earth element compositions ([REE]</span><sub>zirc</sub><span>), Ti-in-zircon thermometry (Ti</span><i><sup>xln</sup></i><span>) and&nbsp;</span><sup>147</sup><span>Sm&ndash;</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd geochronology for an individual subdivided &sim;60&nbsp;cm</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;slab of Acasta banded gneiss comprising five separate lithologic components. Results were compared to other variably deformed granitoid-gneisses and plagioclase-hornblende rocks from elsewhere in the AGC. We show that different gneissic components carry distinct [Th/U]</span><sub>zirc</sub><span>&nbsp;vs. Ti</span><i><sup>xln</sup></i><span>&nbsp;and [REE]</span><sub>zirc</sub><span>&nbsp;signatures correlative with different zircon U&ndash;Pb age populations and WR compositions, but not with&nbsp;</span><sup>147</sup><span>Sm&ndash;</span><sup>143</sup><span>Nd isotope systematics. Modeled&nbsp;</span><span id=\"mmlsi1\" class=\"mathmlsrc\"><a class=\"mathImg\" title=\"View the MathML source\" data-mathurl=\"/science?_ob=MathURL&amp;_method=retrieve&amp;_eid=1-s2.0-S0016703714001161&amp;_mathId=si1.gif&amp;_user=111111111&amp;_pii=S0016703714001161&amp;_rdoc=1&amp;_issn=00167037&amp;md5=952b6338d4f7e2bdedb943877a975334\"><img class=\"imgLazyJSB inlineImage\" title=\"View the MathML source\" src=\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0016703714001161-si1.gif\" alt=\"View the MathML source\" width=\"42\" height=\"20\" data-inlimgeid=\"1-s2.0-S0016703714001161-si1.gif\" data-loaded=\"true\" /></a></span><span>&nbsp;[REE] from lattice-strain theory reconciles only the ca. 3920&nbsp;Ma zircons with the oldest component that also preserves strong positive Eu</span><sup>&lowast;</sup><span>&nbsp;anomalies. Magmas which gave rise to the somewhat older (inherited) ca. 4020&nbsp;Ma AGC zircon age population formed at &sim;IW (iron&ndash;w&uuml;stite) to &lt;FMQ (fayalite&ndash;magnetite&ndash;quartz) oxygen fugacities. A ca. 3920&nbsp;Ma emplacement age for the AGC is contemporaneous with bombardment of the inner solar system. Analytical bombardment simulations show that crustal re-working from the impact epoch potentially affected the precursors to the Acasta gneisses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.019","usgsCitation":"Mojzsis, S.J., Cates, N.L., Caro, G., Trail, D., Abramov, O., Guitreau, M., Blichert-Toft, J., Hopkins, M.D., and Bleeker, W., 2014, Component geochronology in the polyphase ca. 3920 Ma Acasta Gneiss: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 133, p. 68-96, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.019.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"96","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042683","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":322189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57569eafe4b023b96ec2841d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mojzsis, Stephen J.","contributorId":170043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mojzsis","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":25657,"text":"Univ. of Colo., Dept. of Geological Sciences, NASA Lunar Science Institute, Center for Lunar Origin and Evolution (CLOE), Boulder, Colo.; Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon & Universite Claude Bernard Lyon; Hungarian Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cates, Nicole L.","contributorId":170044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cates","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":25658,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, NASA Lunar Science Institute Center for Lunar Origin and Evolution (CLOE), University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caro, Guillaume","contributorId":170045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caro","given":"Guillaume","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25659,"text":"Centre de Recherches Petrographiques et Geochimiques (CRPG), CNRS and Université de Lorraine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trail, Dustin","contributorId":170047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trail","given":"Dustin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25660,"text":"Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences and New York Center for Astrobiology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Abramov, Oleg oabramov@usgs.gov","contributorId":604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abramov","given":"Oleg","email":"oabramov@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Guitreau, Martin","contributorId":170048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guitreau","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25661,"text":"Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon and Université Claude Bernard Lyon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Blichert-Toft, Janne","contributorId":170049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blichert-Toft","given":"Janne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25661,"text":"Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon and Université Claude Bernard Lyon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hopkins, Michelle D.","contributorId":170046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":25658,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, NASA Lunar Science Institute Center for Lunar Origin and Evolution (CLOE), University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bleeker, Wouter","contributorId":170050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bleeker","given":"Wouter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25662,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70162263,"text":"70162263 - 2014 - Aquatic invasive species: Lessons from cancer research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-20T13:35:08","indexId":"70162263","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":743,"text":"American Scientist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquatic invasive species: Lessons from cancer research","docAbstract":"<p><span>Aquatic invasive species are disrupting ecosystems with increasing frequency. Successful control of these invasions has been rare: Biologists and managers have few tools for fighting aquatic invaders. In contrast, the medical community has long worked to develop tools for preventing and fighting cancer. Its successes are marked by a coordinated research approach with multiple steps: prevention, early detection, diagnosis, treatment options and rehabilitation. The authors discuss how these steps can be applied to aquatic invasive species, such as the American bullfrog&nbsp;</span><i>(Lithobates catesbeianus),</i><span>&nbsp;in the Northern Rocky Mountain region of the United States, to expedite tool development and implementation along with achievement of biodiversity conservation goals.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society","doi":"10.1511/2012.96.234","usgsCitation":"Sepulveda, A.J., Ray, A., Al-Chokhachy, R.K., Muhlfeld, C.C., Gresswell, R.E., Gross, J.A., and Kershner, J.L., 2014, Aquatic invasive species: Lessons from cancer research: American Scientist, v. 100, no. 3, p. 234-242, https://doi.org/10.1511/2012.96.234.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"234","endPage":"242","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-031535","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314535,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a0bdc6e4b0961cf280dc0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepulveda, Adam J. 0000-0001-7621-7028 asepulveda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-7028","contributorId":150628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Adam","email":"asepulveda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ray, Andrew","contributorId":101972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert K. 0000-0002-2136-5098 ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":1674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","email":"ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gresswell, Robert E. 0000-0003-0063-855X bgresswell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0063-855X","contributorId":147914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"Robert","email":"bgresswell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":589019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gross, Jackson A.","contributorId":14273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"Jackson","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kershner, Jeffrey L. 0000-0002-7093-9860 jkershner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-9860","contributorId":310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kershner","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkershner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70175376,"text":"70175376 - 2014 - Status of whitebarkpine in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem: A step-trend analysis comparing 2004-2007 to 2008-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-13T13:44:24","indexId":"70175376","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":54,"text":"Natural Resource Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/GRYN/NRTR—2014/917","title":"Status of whitebarkpine in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem: A step-trend analysis comparing 2004-2007 to 2008-2011","docAbstract":"<p>Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is a foundation and keystone species in upper subalpine environments of the northern Rocky Mountains that strongly influences the biodiversity and productivity of high-elevation ecosystems (Tomback et al. 2001, Ellison et al. 2005). Throughout its historic range, whitebark pine has decreased significantly as a major component of high-elevation forests. As a result, it is critical to understand the challenges to whitebark pine—not only at the tree and stand level, but also as these factors influence the distribution of whitebark pine across the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE). </p><p>In 2003, the National Park Service (NPS) Greater Yellowstone Inventory &amp; Monitoring Network identified whitebark pine as one of twelve significant natural resource indicators or vital signs to monitor (Jean et al. 2005, Fancy et al. 2009) and initiated a long-term, collaborative monitoring program. Partners in this effort include the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Forest Service, and Montana State University with representatives from each comprising the Greater Yellowstone Whitebark Pine Monitoring Working Group. The objectives of the monitoring program are to assess trends in (1) the proportion of live, whitebark pine trees (&gt;1.4-m tall) infected with white pine blister rust (blister rust); (2) to document blister rust infection severity by the occurrence and location of persisting and new infections; (3) to determine mortality of whitebark pine trees and describe potential factors contributing to the death of trees; and (4) to assess the multiple components of the recruitment of understory whitebark pine into the reproductive population. In this report we summarize the past eight years (2004-2011) of whitebark pine status and trend monitoring in the GYE. </p><p>Our study area encompasses six national forests (NF), two national parks (NP), as well as state and private lands in portions of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho; this area is collectively described as the GYE here and in other studies. The sampling design is a probabilistic, twostage cluster design with stands of whitebark pine as the primary units and 10x50 m belt transects as the secondary units. Primary sampling units (stands) were selected randomly from a sample frame of approximately 10,770 mapped pure and mixed whitebark pine stands ≥2.0 hectares in the GYE (Dixon 1997, Landenburger 2012). From 2004 through 2007 (monitoring transect establishment or initial time-step), we established 176 permanent belt transects (secondary sampling units=176) in 150 whitebark pine stands and permanently marked approximately 4,740 individual trees &gt;1.4 m tall to monitor long-term changes in blister rust infection and survival rates. Between 2008 and 2011 (revisit time-step), these same 176 transects were surveyed and again all previously tagged trees were observed for changes in blister rust infection and survival status. </p><p>Objective 1. Using a combined ratio estimator, we estimated the proportion of live trees infected in the GYE in the initial time-step (2004-2007) to be 0.22 (0.031 SE). Following the completion of all surveys in the revisit time-step (2008-2011), we estimated the proportion of live trees infected with white pine blister rust as 0.23 (0.028 SE; Table 2). We detected no significant change in the proportion of trees infected in the GYE between the two time-steps. </p><p>Objective 2. We documented blister rust canker locations as occurring in the canopy or bole. We compared changes in canker position between the initial time-step (2004-2007) and the revisit time-step (2008-2011) in order to assess changes in infection severity. This analysis included the 3,795 trees tagged during the initial time-step that were located and documented as alive at the end of the revisit time-step. At the end of the revisit time-step, we found 1,217 trees infected with blister rust. This includes the 287 newly tagged trees in the revisit time step of which 14 had documented infections. Of these 1,217 trees, 780 trees were infected&nbsp;with blister rust in both time steps. Trees with only canopy cankers made up approximately 43% (519 trees) of the total number of trees infected with blister rust at the end of the revisit time-step, while trees with only bole cankers comprised 20% (252 trees), and those with both canopy and bole cankers included 37% (446 trees) of the infected sample. A bole infection is considered to be more consequential than a canopy canker, as it compromises not only the overall longevity of the tree, but its functional capacity for reproductive output as well (Kendall and Arno 1990, Campbell and Antos 2000, McDonald and Hoff 2001, Schwandt and Kegley 2004). In addition to infection location, we also documented infection transition between the canopy and bole. Of the 780 live trees that were infected with blister rust in both time-steps, approximately 31% (242) maintained canopy cankers and 36% (281) retained bole infections at the end of the revisit time-step. Infection transition from canopy to bole occurred in 30% (234) of the revisit time-step trees while 3% (23) transitioned from bole to canopy infections during this period. </p><p>Objective 3. To determine whitebark pine mortality, we resurveyed all belt transects to reassess the life status of permanently tagged trees &gt;1.4 m tall. We compared the total number of live tagged trees recorded during monitoring transect establishment to the total number of resurveyed dead tagged trees recorded during the revisit time-step and identified all potential mortality-influencing conditions (blister rust, mountain pine beetle, fire and other). By the end of the revisit time-step, we observed a total of 975 dead tagged whitebark pine trees; using a ratio estimator, this represents a loss of approximately 20% (SE=4.35%) of the original live tagged tree population (GYWPMWG 2012). </p><p>Objective 4. To investigate the proportion of live, reproducing tagged trees, we divided the total number of positively identified cone-bearing trees by the total number of live trees in the tagged tree sample at the end of the revisit time-step. To approximate the average density of recruitment trees per stand, trees ≤1.4 m tall were summed by stand (within the 500 m² transect area) and divided by the total number of stands. Reproducing trees made up approximately 24% (996 trees) of the total live tagged population at the end of the revisit time-step. Differentiating between whitebark pine and limber pine seedlings or saplings is problematic given the absence of cones or cone scars. Therefore, understory summaries as presented in this report may include individuals of both species when they are sympatric in a stand. The average density of small trees ≤1.4 m tall was 53 understory trees per 500 m². Raw counts of these understory individuals ranged from 0-635 small trees per belt transect. In addition, a total of 287 trees were added to the tagged tree population by the end of 2011. These newly tagged trees were individuals that upon subsequent revisits had reached a height of &gt;1.4 m tall and subsequently added to the sample. </p><p>Throughout the past decade in the GYE, monitoring has helped document shifts in whitebark pine forests; whitebark pine stands have been impacted by insect, pathogen, wildland fire, and other disturbance events. Blister rust infection is ubiquitous throughout the ecosystem and infection proportions are variable across the region. And while we have documented mortality of whitebark pine, we have also recorded considerable recruitment. We provide this first step-trend report as a quantifiable baseline for understanding the state of whitebark pine in the GYE. Many aspects of whitebark pine health are highly variable across the range of its distribution in the GYE. Through sustained implementation of the monitoring program, we will continue efforts to document and quantify whitebark pine forest dynamics as they arise under periodic upsurges in insect, pathogen, fire episodes, and climatic events in the GYE. Since its inception, this monitoring program perseveres as one of the only sustained longterm efforts conducted in the GYE with a singular purpose to track the health and status of this prominent keystone species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Shanahan, E., Irvine, K.M., Roberts, D., Litt, A., Legg, K., Daley, R., and Chambers, N., 2014, Status of whitebarkpine in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem: A step-trend analysis comparing 2004-2007 to 2008-2011: Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/GRYN/NRTR—2014/917, viii, 27 p.","productDescription":"viii, 27 p.","numberOfPages":"40","ipdsId":"IP-059333","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329537,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":329536,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/DownloadFile/546852","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.477783203125,\n              42.147114459220994\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.477783203125,\n              45.92822950933618\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.56689453125,\n              45.92822950933618\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.56689453125,\n              42.147114459220994\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.477783203125,\n              42.147114459220994\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57ffdf00e4b0824b2d179cfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanahan, Erin","contributorId":173524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shanahan","given":"Erin","affiliations":[{"id":27242,"text":"Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network, NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irvine, Kathryn M. 0000-0002-6426-940X kirvine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6426-940X","contributorId":2218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Kathryn","email":"kirvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roberts, Dave","contributorId":150673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13655,"text":"Montana State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Litt, Andrea R.","contributorId":22226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litt","given":"Andrea R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Legg, Kristin","contributorId":146451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Legg","given":"Kristin","affiliations":[{"id":16697,"text":"National Park Service, Greater Yellowstone Network, 2327 University Way, Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Daley, Rob","contributorId":173525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daley","given":"Rob","affiliations":[{"id":27242,"text":"Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network, NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chambers, Nina","contributorId":173526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chambers","given":"Nina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6761,"text":"Northern Rockies Conservation Cooperative, Jackson, Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70173649,"text":"70173649 - 2014 - Host heterogeneity influences the impact of a non-native disease invasion on populations of a foundation tree species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T11:28:34","indexId":"70173649","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Host heterogeneity influences the impact of a non-native disease invasion on populations of a foundation tree species","docAbstract":"<p><span>Invasive pathogens are becoming increasingly important in forested ecosystems, yet they are often difficult to study because of their rapid transmission. The rate and extent of pathogen spread are thought to be partially controlled by variation in host characteristics, such as when host size and location influence susceptibility. Few host-pathogen systems, however, have been used to test this prediction. We used Port Orford cedar (</span><i>Chamaecyparis lawsoniana</i><span>), a foundation tree species in riparian areas of California and Oregon (USA), and the invasive oomycete&nbsp;</span><i>Phytophthora lateralis</i><span>&nbsp;to assess pathogen impacts and the role of host characteristics on invasion. Across three streams that had been infected for 13&ndash;18 years by&nbsp;</span><i>P. lateralis</i><span>, we mapped 2241 trees and determined whether they had been infected using dendrochronology. The infection probability of trees was governed by host size (diameter at breast height [DBH]) and geomorphic position (e.g., active channel, stream bank, floodplain, etc.) similarly across streams. For instance, only 23% of trees &lt;20 cm DBH were infected, while 69% of trees &ge;20 cm DBH were infected. Presumably, because spores of&nbsp;</span><i>P. lateralis</i><span>&nbsp;are transported downstream in water, they are more likely to encounter well-developed root systems of larger trees. Also because of this water-transport of spores, differences in infection probability were found across the geomorphic positions: 59% of cedar in the active channel and the stream bank (combined) were infected, while 23% of trees found on higher geomorphic types were infected. Overall, 32% of cedar had been infected across the three streams. However, 63% of the total cedar basal area had been killed, because the greatest number of trees, and the largest trees, were found in the most susceptible positions. In the active channel and stream bank, 91% of the basal area was infected, while 46% was infected across higher geomorphic positions. The invasion of Port Orford cedar populations by&nbsp;</span><i>P. lateralis</i><span>&nbsp;causes profound impacts to population structure and the invasion outcome will be governed by the heterogeneity found in host size and location. Models of disease invasion will require an understanding of how heterogeneity influences spread dynamics to adequately predict the outcome for host populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/ES14-00043.1","usgsCitation":"Jules, E.S., Carroll, A.L., Garcia, A.M., Steenbock, C.M., and Kauffman, M., 2014, Host heterogeneity influences the impact of a non-native disease invasion on populations of a foundation tree species: Ecosphere, v. 5, no. 9, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1890/ES14-00043.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051236","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es14-00043.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575941fce4b04f417c256890","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jules, Erik S.","contributorId":13854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jules","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carroll, Allyson L.","contributorId":171539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carroll","given":"Allyson","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garcia, Andrea M.","contributorId":171540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steenbock, Christopher M.","contributorId":171541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steenbock","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew mkauffman@usgs.gov","contributorId":171443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew","email":"mkauffman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70171354,"text":"70171354 - 2014 - A comparison of two sampling designs for fish assemblage assessment in a large river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-30T12:44:36","indexId":"70171354","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of two sampling designs for fish assemblage assessment in a large river","docAbstract":"<p><span>We compared the efficiency of stratified random and fixed-station sampling designs to characterize fish assemblages in anticipation of dam removal on the Penobscot River, the largest river in Maine. We used boat electrofishing methods in both sampling designs. Multiple 500-m transects were selected randomly and electrofished in each of nine strata within the stratified random sampling design. Within the fixed-station design, up to 11 transects (1,000&nbsp;m) were electrofished, all of which had been sampled previously. In total, 88&nbsp;km of shoreline were electrofished during summer and fall in 2010 and 2011, and 45,874 individuals of 34 fish species were captured. Species-accumulation and dissimilarity curve analyses indicated that all sampling effort, other than fall 2011 under the fixed-station design, provided repeatable estimates of total species richness and proportional abundances. Overall, our sampling designs were similar in precision and efficiency for sampling fish assemblages. The fixed-station design was negatively biased for estimating the abundance of species such as Common Shiner&nbsp;</span><i>Luxilus cornutus</i><span>&nbsp;and Fallfish&nbsp;</span><i>Semotilus corporalis</i><span>&nbsp;and was positively biased for estimating biomass for species such as White Sucker&nbsp;</span><i>Catostomus commersonii</i><span>&nbsp;and Atlantic Salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Salmo salar</i><span>. However, we found no significant differences between the designs for proportional catch and biomass per unit effort, except in fall 2011. The difference observed in fall 2011 was due to limitations on the number and location of fixed sites that could be sampled, rather than an inherent bias within the design. Given the results from sampling in the Penobscot River, application of the stratified random design is preferable to the fixed-station design due to less potential for bias caused by varying sampling effort, such as what occurred in the fall 2011 fixed-station sample or due to purposeful site selection.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2013.864706","usgsCitation":"Kiraly, I.A., Coghlan, S.M., Zydlewski, J.D., and Hayes, D., 2014, A comparison of two sampling designs for fish assemblage assessment in a large river: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 143, no. 2, p. 508-518, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2013.864706.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"508","endPage":"518","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-039056","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"143","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d6431e4b07e28b668340a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kiraly, Ian A.","contributorId":169709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kiraly","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coghlan, Stephen M. Jr.","contributorId":169678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coghlan","given":"Stephen","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayes, Daniel","contributorId":7830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70171350,"text":"70171350 - 2014 - Anadromous sea lampreys (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) are ecosystem engineers in a spawning tributary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-30T13:03:20","indexId":"70171350","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anadromous sea lampreys (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) are ecosystem engineers in a spawning tributary","docAbstract":"<ol id=\"fwb12349-list-0001\" class=\"o-list--numbered o-list--paragraph\">\n<li>\n<p>Sea lampreys (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) disturb the substratum during nest construction and alter the physical habitat, potentially affecting other stream organisms. We quantified differences in depth, velocity, fine-sediment coverage, embeddedness, intragravel permeability and benthic invertebrate assemblages (density and diversity) among nest mounds, nest pits and undisturbed reference locations over a 4-month period after June spawning.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>In 2010 and 2011, immediate and persistent effects of nest construction were assessed in summer (July) and in autumn (late September to early October), respectively. Randomly selected nests were sampled annually (25 each in summer and autumn).</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Nest construction increased stream-bed complexity by creating and juxtaposing shallow, swift, rocky habitat patches with deep, slow, sandy habitat patches. Mounds had a 50&ndash;143% less cover of fine sediment, and a 30&ndash;62% reduction in embeddedness, compared to pits and reference locations. These physical changes persisted into the autumn (almost 4&nbsp;months).</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Five insect families contributed 74% of the benthic invertebrate abundance: Chironomidae (27%), Hydropsychidae (26%), Heptageniidae (8%), Philopotamidae (7%) and Ephemerellidae (6%). Densities of Hydropsychidae, Philopotamidae and Heptageniidae were up to 10 times greater in mounds than in pits and adjacent reference habitat. In summer, mounds had twice the density of Chironomidae than did pits, and 1.5 times more than reference habitats, but densities were similar among the habitats in autumn.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>These results suggest that spawning sea lampreys are ecosystem engineers. The physical disturbance caused by nest-building activity was significant and persistent, increasing habitat heterogeneity and favouring pollution-sensitive benthic invertebrates and, possibly, drift-feeding fish.</p>\n</li>\n</ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fwb.12349","usgsCitation":"Hogg, R.S., Coghlan, S.M., Zydlewski, J.D., and Simon, K.S., 2014, Anadromous sea lampreys (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) are ecosystem engineers in a spawning tributary: Freshwater Biology, v. 59, no. 6, p. 1294-1307, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12349.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1294","endPage":"1307","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044288","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321856,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d643de4b07e28b66834bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hogg, Robert S.","contributorId":169677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hogg","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coghlan, Stephen M. Jr.","contributorId":169678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coghlan","given":"Stephen","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simon, Kevin S.","contributorId":169713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simon","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70171454,"text":"70171454 - 2014 - Multiple plumage traits convey information about age and within-age-class qualities of a canopy-dwelling songbird, the Cerulean Warbler","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-24T15:15:38","indexId":"70171454","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple plumage traits convey information about age and within-age-class qualities of a canopy-dwelling songbird, the Cerulean Warbler","docAbstract":"<p><span>Colorful plumage traits in birds may convey multiple, redundant, or unreliable messages about an individual. Plumage may reliably convey information about disparate qualities such as age, condition, and parental ability because discrete tracts of feathers may cause individuals to incur different intrinsic or extrinsic costs. Few studies have examined the information content of plumage in a species that inhabits forest canopies, a habitat with unique light environments and selective pressures. We investigated the information content of four plumage patches (blue-green crown and rump, tail white, and black breast band) in a canopy-dwelling species, the Cerulean Warbler (</span><i>Setophaga cerulea</i><span>), in relation to age, condition, provisioning, and reproduction. We found that older males displayed wider breast bands, greater tail white, and crown and rump feathers with greater blue-green (435&ndash;534 nm) chroma and hue than males in their first potential breeding season. In turn, older birds were in better condition (short and long term) and were reproductively superior to younger birds. We propose that these age-related plumage differences (i.e. delayed plumage maturation) were not a consequence of a life history strategy but instead resulted from constraints during early feather molts. Within age classes, we found evidence to support the multiple messages hypothesis. Birds with greater tail white molted tails in faster, those with more exaggerated rump plumage (lower hue, greater blue-green chroma) provisioned more, and those with lower rump blue-green chroma were in better condition. Despite evidence of reliable signaling in this species, we found no strong relationships between plumage and reproductive performance, potentially because factors other than individual differences more strongly influenced fecundity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/AUK-13-191.1","usgsCitation":"Boves, T.J., Buehler, D.A., Wood, P.B., Rodewald, A.D., Larkin, J.L., Keyser, P.D., and Wigley, T., 2014, Multiple plumage traits convey information about age and within-age-class qualities of a canopy-dwelling songbird, the Cerulean Warbler: The Auk, v. 131, no. 1, p. 20-31, https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-13-191.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"20","endPage":"31","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038900","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472541,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/auk-13-191.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5750076be4b0ee97d51bb686","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boves, Than J.","contributorId":169750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boves","given":"Than","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buehler, David A.","contributorId":169746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buehler","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Petra Bohall pbwood@usgs.gov","contributorId":1791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Petra","email":"pbwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bohall","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":631061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rodewald, Amanda D.","contributorId":169748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodewald","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Larkin, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":169747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larkin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17929,"text":"American Bird Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":34542,"text":"Department of Biology. Indiana University of Pennsylvania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Keyser, Patrick D.","contributorId":146945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keyser","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wigley, T. Ben","contributorId":169824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wigley","given":"T. Ben","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70135449,"text":"pp18015 - 2014 - Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70135449,"text":"pp18015 - 2014 - Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp18015","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"5","title":"Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T18:52:33.520536","indexId":"pp18015","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"5","title":"Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes","docAbstract":"<p>The characteristics of magma supply, storage, and transport are among the most critical parameters governing volcanic activity, yet they remain largely unconstrained because all three processes are hidden beneath the surface. Hawaiian volcanoes, particularly Kīlauea and Mauna Loa, offer excellent prospects for studying subsurface magmatic processes, owing to their accessibility and frequent eruptive and intrusive activity. In addition, the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, founded in 1912, maintains long records of geological, geophysical, and geochemical data. As a result, Hawaiian volcanoes have served as both a model for basaltic volcanism in general and a starting point for many studies of volcanic processes.</p>\n<p>Magma supply to Hawaiian volcanoes has varied over millions of years but is presently at a high level. Supply to Kīlauea&rsquo;s shallow magmatic system averages about 0.1 km<sup>3</sup>/yr and fluctuates on timescales of months to years due to changes in pressure within the summit reservoir system, as well as in the volume of melt supplied by the source hot spot. Magma plumbing systems beneath Kīlauea and Mauna Loa are complex and are best constrained at Kīlauea. Multiple regions of magma storage characterize Kīlauea&rsquo;s summit, and two pairs of rift zones, one providing a shallow magma pathway and the other forming a structural boundary within the volcano, radiate from the summit to carry magma to intrusion/eruption sites located nearby or tens of kilometers from the caldera. Whether or not magma is present within the deep rift zone, which extends beneath the structural rift zones at ~3-km depth to the base of the volcano at ~9-km depth, remains an open question, but we suggest that most magma entering Kīlauea must pass through the summit reservoir system before entering the rift zones. Mauna Loa&rsquo;s summit magma storage system includes at least two interconnected reservoirs, with one centered beneath the south margin of the caldera and the other elongated along the axis of the caldera. Transport of magma within shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes occurs through dikes that can evolve into long-lived pipe-like pathways. The ratio of eruptive to noneruptive dikes is large in Hawai&lsquo;i, compared to other basaltic volcanoes (in Iceland, for example), because Hawaiian dikes tend to be intruded with high driving pressures. Passive dike intrusions also occur, motivated at Kīlauea by rift opening in response to seaward slip of the volcano&rsquo;s south flank.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18015","usgsCitation":"Poland, M.P., Miklius, A., and Montgomery-Brown, E.K., 2014, Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18015.","productDescription":"56 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036759","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299350,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18015.PNG"},{"id":299349,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap5_Poland.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296671,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9bfe4b027f0aee3bb1e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543962,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543963,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543964,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":127857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miklius, Asta 0000-0002-2286-1886 asta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-1886","contributorId":2060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miklius","given":"Asta","email":"asta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery-Brown, Emily K. emontgomery-brown@usgs.gov","contributorId":5300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery-Brown","given":"Emily","email":"emontgomery-brown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70161749,"text":"70161749 - 2014 - A V<sub>S30</sub> map for California with geologic and topographic constraints","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-05T15:45:50","indexId":"70161749","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A V<sub>S30</sub> map for California with geologic and topographic constraints","docAbstract":"<p><span>For many earthquake engineering applications, site response is estimated through empirical correlations with the time‐averaged shear‐wave velocity to 30&nbsp;m depth (</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>). These applications therefore depend on the availability of either site‐specific&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;measurements or&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;maps at local, regional, and global scales. Because&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;measurements are sparse, a proxy frequently is needed to estimate&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;at unsampled locations. We present a new&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;map for California, which accounts for observational constraints from multiple sources and spatial scales, such as geology, topography, and site‐specific&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>measurements. We apply the geostatistical approach of regression kriging (RK) to combine these constraints for predicting&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>. For the&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;trend, we start with geology‐based&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;values and identify two distinct trends between topographic gradient and the residuals from the geology&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;model. One trend applies to deep and fine Quaternary alluvium, whereas the second trend is slightly stronger and applies to Pleistocene sedimentary units. The RK framework ensures that the resulting map of California is locally refined to reflect the rapidly expanding database of&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;measurements throughout California. We compare the accuracy of the new mapping method to a previously developed map of&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;for California. We also illustrate the sensitivity of ground motions to the new&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;map by comparing real and scenario ShakeMaps with&nbsp;</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;values from our new map to those for existing</span><i>V</i><sub><i>S</i>30</sub><span>&nbsp;maps.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120130312","usgsCitation":"Thompson, E., Wald, D.J., and Worden, C., 2014, A V<sub>S30</sub> map for California with geologic and topographic constraints: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 104, no. 5, p. 2313-2321, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120130312.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2313","endPage":"2321","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056135","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313848,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70148011,"text":"70148011 - 2014 - Satellite tracking of the migration of Whooper Swans <i>Cygnus cygnus</i> wintering in Japan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T13:51:06","indexId":"70148011","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3889,"text":"Ornithological Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite tracking of the migration of Whooper Swans <i>Cygnus cygnus</i> wintering in Japan","docAbstract":"<p>We satellite-tracked Whooper Swans Cygnus cygnus wintering in northern Japan to document their migration routes and timing, and to identify breeding areas. From 47 swans that we marked at Lake Izunuma-Uchinuma, Miyagi Prefecture, northeast Honshu, and at Lake Kussharo, east Hokkaido, we observed 57 spring and 33 autumn migrations from 2009-2012. In spring, swans migrated north along Sakhalin Island from eastern Hokkaido using stopovers in Sakhalin, at the mouth of the Amur River and in northern coastal areas of the Sea of Okhotsk. They ultimately reached molting/breedmg areas along the Indigirka River and the lower Kolyma River in northern Russia. In autumn, the swans basically reversed the spring migration routes. We identified northern Honshu, eastern Hokkaido, coastal areas in Sakhalin, the lower Amur River and northern coastal areas of the Sea of Okhotsk as the most frequent stopover sites, and the middle reaches of the Indigirka and the lower Kolyma River as presumed breeding sites. Our results are helpful in understanding the distribution of the breeding and stopover sites of Whooper Swans wintering in Japan and in identifying their major migration habitats. Our findings contribute to understanding the potential transmission process of avian influenza viruses potentially carried by swans, and provide information necessary to conserve Whooper Swans in East Asia.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ornithological Society of Japan","publisherLocation":"Tokyo, Japan","doi":"10.2326/osj.13.67","usgsCitation":"Shimada, T., Yamaguchi, N.M., Hijikata, N., Hiraoka, E.N., Hupp, J.W., Flint, P.L., Tokita, K., Fujita, G., Uchida, K., Sato, F., Kurechi, M., Pearce, J.M., Ramey, A.M., and Higuchi, H., 2014, Satellite tracking of the migration of Whooper Swans <i>Cygnus cygnus</i> wintering in Japan: Ornithological Science, v. 13, no. 2, p. 67-75, https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.13.67.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"75","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057076","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology 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jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tokita, 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Masayuki","contributorId":98678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurechi","given":"Masayuki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Higuchi, Hiroyoshi","contributorId":69850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higuchi","given":"Hiroyoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70161750,"text":"70161750 - 2014 - Development of a globally applicable model for near real-time prediction of seismically induced landslides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-05T15:42:36","indexId":"70161750","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a globally applicable model for near real-time prediction of seismically induced landslides","docAbstract":"<p><span>Substantial effort has been invested to understand where seismically induced landslides may occur in the future, as they are a costly and frequently fatal threat in mountainous regions. The goal of this work is to develop a statistical model for estimating the spatial distribution of landslides in near real-time around the globe for use in conjunction with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)&nbsp;</span><i>Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response</i><span>&nbsp;(</span><i>PAGER</i><span>) system. This model uses standardized outputs of ground shaking from the USGS&nbsp;</span><i>ShakeMap</i><span>&nbsp;Atlas 2.0 to develop an empirical landslide probability model, combining shaking estimates with broadly available landslide susceptibility proxies, i.e., topographic slope, surface geology, and climate parameters. We focus on four earthquakes for which digitally mapped landslide inventories and well-constrained</span><i>ShakeMaps</i><span>&nbsp;are available. The resulting database is used to build a predictive model of the probability of landslide occurrence. The landslide database includes the Guatemala (1976), Northridge (1994), Chi-Chi (1999), and Wenchuan (2008) earthquakes. Performance of the regression model is assessed using statistical goodness-of-fit metrics and a qualitative review to determine which combination of the proxies provides both the optimum prediction of landslide-affected areas and minimizes the false alarms in non-landslide zones. Combined with near real-time&nbsp;</span><i>ShakeMaps</i><span>, these models can be used to make generalized predictions of whether or not landslides are likely to occur (and if so, where) for earthquakes around the globe, and eventually to inform loss estimates within the framework of the&nbsp;</span><i>PAGER</i><span>&nbsp;system.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.02.002","usgsCitation":"Nowicki, M.A., Wald, D.J., Hamburger, M., Hearne, M., and Thompson, E., 2014, Development of a globally applicable model for near real-time prediction of seismically induced landslides: Engineering Geology, v. 173, p. 54-65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.02.002.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"65","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055123","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313843,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"173","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568cf73fe4b0e7a44bc0f14b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nowicki, M. Anna mnowicki@usgs.gov","contributorId":5349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowicki","given":"M.","email":"mnowicki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Anna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wald, David J. 0000-0002-1454-4514 wald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"David","email":"wald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamburger, Michael W.","contributorId":77012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamburger","given":"Michael W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hearne, Mike 0000-0002-8225-2396 mhearne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8225-2396","contributorId":4659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearne","given":"Mike","email":"mhearne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, Eric M.","contributorId":48501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Eric M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70111959,"text":"70111959 - 2014 - The effects of harvest on waterfowl populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-11T11:44:22","indexId":"70111959","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T23:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3764,"text":"Wildfowl","onlineIssn":"2052-6458","printIssn":"0954-6324","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of harvest on waterfowl populations","docAbstract":"<p>Change in the size of populations over space and time is, arguably, the motivation for&nbsp;much of pure and applied ecological research. The fundamental model for the&nbsp;dynamics of any population is straightforward: the net change in the abundance is the&nbsp;simple difference between the number of individuals entering the population and the&nbsp;number leaving the population, either or both of which may change in response to&nbsp;factors intrinsic and extrinsic to the population. While harvest of individuals from a&nbsp;population constitutes a clear extrinsic source of removal of individuals, the response&nbsp;of populations to harvest is frequently complex, reflecting an interaction of harvest&nbsp;with one or more population processes. Here we consider the role of these interactions,&nbsp;and factors influencing them, on the effective harvest management of waterfowl&nbsp;populations. We review historical ideas concerning harvest and discuss the&nbsp;relationship(s) between waterfowl life histories and the development and application of&nbsp;population models to inform harvest management. The influence of population&nbsp;structure (age, spatial) on derivation of optimal harvest strategies (with and without&nbsp;explicit consideration of various sources of uncertainty) is considered. In addition to&nbsp;population structure, we discuss how the optimal harvest strategy may be influenced by:&nbsp;1) patterns of density-dependence in one or more vital rates, and 2) heterogeneity in&nbsp;vital rates among individuals within an age-sex-size class. Although derivation of the&nbsp;optimal harvest strategy for simple population models (with or without structure) is&nbsp;generally straightforward, there are several potential difficulties in application. In&nbsp;particular, uncertainty concerning the population structure at the time of harvest, and&nbsp;the ability to regulate the structure of the harvest itself, are significant complications.&nbsp;We therefore review the evidence of effects of harvest on waterfowl populations. Some of this evidence has focussed on correspondence of data with more phenomenological&nbsp;models and other evidence relates to specific mechanisms, including densitydependence&nbsp;and heterogeneity. An important part of this evidence is found in the&nbsp;evolution of model weights under various adaptive harvest management programmes&nbsp;of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for North American waterfowl.</p>\n<p>Overall, there is substantial uncertainty about system dynamics, about the impacts&nbsp;of potential management and conservation decisions on those dynamics, and how to&nbsp;optimise management decisions in the presence of such uncertainties. Such&nbsp;relationships are unlikely to be stationary over space or time, and selective harvest of&nbsp;some individuals can potentially alter life history allocation of resources over time &ndash;&nbsp;both of which will potentially influence optimal harvest strategies. These sources of&nbsp;variation and uncertainty argue for the use of adaptive approaches to waterfowl&nbsp;harvest management.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildfowl and Wetland Trust","usgsCitation":"Cooch, E.G., Guillemain, M., Boomer, G., Lebreton, J., and Nichols, J., 2014, The effects of harvest on waterfowl populations: Wildfowl, v. Special Issue 4, p. 220-276.","productDescription":"57 p.","startPage":"220","endPage":"276","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055408","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325007,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325006,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildfowl.wwt.org.uk/index.php/wildfowl/article/view/2608"}],"volume":"Special Issue 4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784c345e4b0e02680be59ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooch, Evan G.","contributorId":100673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooch","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guillemain, Matthieu","contributorId":141131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guillemain","given":"Matthieu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13683,"text":"French National Hunting and Wildlife Agency (ONCFS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boomer, G Scott","contributorId":172150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boomer","given":"G Scott","affiliations":[{"id":26994,"text":"Div. of Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, MD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lebreton, Jean-Dominique","contributorId":172792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lebreton","given":"Jean-Dominique","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173598,"text":"70173598 - 2014 - A multi-scaled approach to evaluating the fish assemblage structure within southern Appalachian streams USA.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T15:48:04","indexId":"70173598","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T23:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multi-scaled approach to evaluating the fish assemblage structure within southern Appalachian streams USA.","docAbstract":"<p><span>There is considerable uncertainty about the relative roles of stream habitat and landscape characteristics in structuring stream-fish assemblages. We evaluated the relative importance of environmental characteristics on fish occupancy at the local and landscape scales within the upper Little Tennessee River basin of Georgia and North Carolina. Fishes were sampled using a quadrat sample design at 525 channel units within 48 study reaches during two consecutive years. We evaluated species&ndash;habitat relationships (local and landscape factors) by developing hierarchical, multispecies occupancy models. Modeling results suggested that fish occupancy within the Little Tennessee River basin was primarily influenced by stream topology and topography, urban land coverage, and channel unit types. Landscape scale factors (e.g., urban land coverage and elevation) largely controlled the fish assemblage structure at a stream-reach level, and local-scale factors (i.e., channel unit types) influenced fish distribution within stream reaches. Our study demonstrates the utility of a multi-scaled approach and the need to account for hierarchy and the interscale interactions of factors influencing assemblage structure prior to monitoring fish assemblages, developing biological management plans, or allocating management resources throughout a stream system.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2014.935478","usgsCitation":"Kirsch, J., and Peterson, J., 2014, A multi-scaled approach to evaluating the fish assemblage structure within southern Appalachian streams USA.: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 143, no. 5, p. 1358-1371, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.935478.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1358","endPage":"1371","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054180","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323428,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Little Tennessee River Basin","volume":"143","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a932fe4b04f417c27511a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirsch, Joseph","contributorId":41354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirsch","given":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70215787,"text":"70215787 - 2014 - Assessing the importance of terrain parameters on glide avalanche release","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-02T13:04:03.137086","indexId":"70215787","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T15:02:21","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Assessing the importance of terrain parameters on glide avalanche release","docAbstract":"<p>Glide snow avalanches are dangerous and difficult to predict. Despite recent research there is still a lack of understanding regarding the controls of glide avalanche release. Glide avalanches often occur in similar terrain or the same locations annually and observations suggest that topography may be critical. Thus, to gain an understanding of the terrain component of these types of avalanches we examined terrain parameters associated with glide avalanche release as well as areas of consistent glide crack formation but no subsequent avalanches. Glide avalanche occurrences visible from the Going-to-the-Sun Road corridor in Glacier National Park, Montana from 2003-2013 were investigated using an avalanche database derived of daily observations each year from April 1 to June 15. This yielded 192 glide avalanches in 53 distinct avalanche paths. Each avalanche occurrence was digitized in a GIS using satellite, oblique, and aerial imagery as reference. Topographical parameters such as area, slope, aspect, elevation and elevation were then derived for the entire dataset utilizing GIS tools and a 10m DEM. Land surface substrate and surface geology were derived from National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring maps and U.S. Geological Survey surface geology maps, respectively. Surface roughness and glide factor were calculated using a four level classification index. . Then, each avalanche occurrence was aggregated to general avalanche release zones and the frequencies were compared. For this study, glide avalanches released in elevations ranging from 1300 to 2700 m with a mean aspect of 98 degrees (east) and a mean slope angle of 38 degrees. The mean profile curvature for all glide avalanches was 0.15 and a plan curvature of -0.01, suggesting a fairly linear surface (i.e. neither convex nor concave). The glide avalanches occurred in mostly bedrock made up of dolomite and limestone slabs and talus deposits with very few occurring in alpine meadows. However, not all glide avalanches failed as cohesive slabs on this bedrock surface. Consequently, surface roughness proved to be a useful descriptive variable to discriminate between slopes that avalanched and those that did not. Annual 'repeat offender' glide avalanche paths were characterized by smooth outcropping rock plates with stratification planes parallel to the slope. Combined with aspect these repeat offenders were also members of the highest glide category. Using this understanding of the role of topographic parameters on glide avalanche activity, a spatial terrain based model was developed to identify other areas with high glide avalanche potential outside of our immediate observation area.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the International Snow Science Workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Snow Science Workshop","conferenceDate":"September 28-October 3, 2014","conferenceLocation":"Banff, Alberta, Canada","language":"English","publisher":"International Snow Science Workshop Canada Inc.","usgsCitation":"Peitzsch, E.H., Hendrikx, J., and Fagre, D.B., 2014, Assessing the importance of terrain parameters on glide avalanche release, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the International Snow Science Workshop, Banff, Alberta, Canada, September 28-October 3, 2014, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-053178","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379966,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.345703125,\n              48.23016176791893\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.15093994140625,\n              48.23016176791893\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.15093994140625,\n              48.980216985374994\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.345703125,\n              48.980216985374994\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.345703125,\n              48.23016176791893\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peitzsch, Erich H. 0000-0001-7624-0455 epeitzsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0455","contributorId":3786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peitzsch","given":"Erich","email":"epeitzsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hendrikx, Jordy 0000-0001-6194-3596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6194-3596","contributorId":140954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hendrikx","given":"Jordy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13628,"text":"Department of Earth Sciences, P.O. Box 173480, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA. 59717.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70136286,"text":"ofr20141263 - 2014 - The critical role of islands for waterbird breeding and foraging habitat in managed ponds of the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project, South San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-09T12:11:02","indexId":"ofr20141263","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1263","title":"The critical role of islands for waterbird breeding and foraging habitat in managed ponds of the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project, South San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>The South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project aims to restore 50&ndash;90 percent of former salt evaporation ponds into tidal marsh in South San Francisco Bay, California. However, large numbers of waterbirds use these ponds annually as nesting and foraging habitat. Islands within ponds are particularly important habitat for nesting, foraging, and roosting waterbirds. To maintain current waterbird populations, the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project plans to create new islands within former salt ponds in South San Francisco Bay. In a series of studies, we investigated pond and individual island attributes that are most beneficial to nesting, foraging, and roosting waterbirds.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141263","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., Hartman, C.A., Herzog, M.P., Smith, L.M., Moskal, S.M., De La Cruz, S.E., Yee, J.L., and Takekawa, J.Y., 2014, The critical role of islands for waterbird breeding and foraging habitat in managed ponds of the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project, South San Francisco Bay, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1263, vi, 108 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141263.","productDescription":"vi, 108 p.","numberOfPages":"118","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061341","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37273,"text":"Advanced Research Computing (ARC)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296965,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141263.jpg"},{"id":296964,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1263/pdf/ofr2014-1263.pdf","size":"3.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":296963,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1263/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.66510009765625,\n              37.45959832290546\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.66510009765625,\n              37.98750437106374\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.90979003906249,\n              37.98750437106374\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.90979003906249,\n              37.45959832290546\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.66510009765625,\n              37.45959832290546\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2abee4b08de9379b31c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartman, C. Alex 0000-0002-7222-1633 chartman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-1633","contributorId":131109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"C.","email":"chartman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alex","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herzog, Mark P. 0000-0002-5203-2835 mherzog@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-2835","contributorId":131110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Mark","email":"mherzog@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Lacy M. 0000-0001-6733-1080 lmsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6733-1080","contributorId":4772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Lacy","email":"lmsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moskal, Stacy M. smoskal@usgs.gov","contributorId":4189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moskal","given":"Stacy","email":"smoskal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"De La Cruz, Susan E.W. 0000-0001-6315-0864 sdelacruz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-0864","contributorId":3248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De La Cruz","given":"Susan","email":"sdelacruz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.W.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yee, Julie L. 0000-0003-1782-157X julie_yee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-157X","contributorId":3246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"Julie","email":"julie_yee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70191909,"text":"70191909 - 2014 - Maximizing the social and ecological value of Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge, South Carolina as the effects of global change processes increase.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-08T19:05:04.613428","indexId":"70191909","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T13:04:52","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Maximizing the social and ecological value of Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge, South Carolina as the effects of global change processes increase.","docAbstract":"Coastal ecosystems in the eastern U.S. have been severely altered by processes associated with human development, including drainage of coastal wetlands, changes in hydrology that alter sediment and freshwater delivery to the coast, land clearing, agricultural and forestry activity, and the construction of seawalls and other structures that “harden” the coast. Sea-level rise and the changing frequency of extreme events associated with climate change are now further degrading the capacity of those ecological and social systems to remain resilient in the face of disturbance, largely through the degradation and loss of land and habitat.  The goal was to develop a problem framing that would broadly reflect the type, scale and scope of SLR-adaptation decisions faced by refuges in general, and that could be used by individual refuges to help understand how their specific problems fit into a larger context of SLR planning and implementation. We worked with refuge managers in developing a common frame of reference for some shared SLR-related management problems, while also facilitating communication about these problems with other refuges and with surrounding jurisdictions.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Structured decision making workshop - Report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"USFWS, National Conservation Training Center","usgsCitation":"Nilius, R., Dawsey, S., Eaton, M.J., Martin, J., Romanach, S.S., Baird, S., Bryant, M., Case, D.J., Johnson, F.A., McMahon, G., Pau, N., Pienaar, E., Ratnaswamy, M., Seibert, S., Wingrove, P., and Wood, N.J., 2014, Maximizing the social and ecological value of Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge, South Carolina as the effects of global change processes increase., <i>in</i> Structured decision making workshop - Report, 20 p.","productDescription":"20 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,{"id":70136100,"text":"70136100 - 2014 - Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-08T18:46:09.759346","indexId":"70136100","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T12:41:48","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"21","title":"Northwest","docAbstract":"<p>Key Messages </p><p>1. Changes in the timing of streamflow related to changing snowmelt are already observed and will continue, reducing the supply of water for many competing demands and causing far-reaching ecological and socioeconomic consequences. </p><p>2. In the coastal zone, the effects of sea level rise, erosion, inundation, threats to infrastructure and habitat, and increasing ocean acidity collectively pose a major threat to the region. </p><p>3. The combined impacts of increasing wildfire, insect outbreaks, and tree diseases are already causing widespread tree die-off and are virtually certain to cause additional forest mortality by the 2040s and long-term transformation of forest landscapes. Under higher emissions scenarios, extensive conversion of subalpine forests to other forest types is projected by the 2080s. </p><p>4. While the agriculture sector’s technical ability to adapt to changing conditions can offset some adverse impacts of a changing climate, there remain critical concerns for agriculture with respect to costs of adaptation, development of more climate resilient technologies and management, and availability and timing of water.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"National Climate Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Global Change Research Program","usgsCitation":"Mote, P.W., Snover, A.K., Capalbo, S.M., Eigenbrode, S.D., Glick, P., Littell, J.S., Raymondi, R., and Reeder, S., 2014, Northwest, chap. 21 <i>of</i> National Climate Assessment, p. 487-513.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"487","endPage":"513","ipdsId":"IP-051986","costCenters":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49028,"text":"Alaska Climate Adaptation Science 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,{"id":70210770,"text":"70210770 - 2014 - Yellowstone River Compact Commission sixty-third annual report, 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-29T15:08:13.958542","indexId":"70210770","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T10:26:04","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5883,"text":"Cooperator Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"displayTitle":"Yellowstone River Compact Commission Sixty-Third Annual Report, 2014","title":"Yellowstone River Compact Commission sixty-third annual report, 2014","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Yellowstone River Compact Commission","usgsCitation":"Berkas, W.R., 2014, Yellowstone River Compact Commission sixty-third annual report, 2014: Cooperator Report, xvi, 39 p.","productDescription":"xvi, 39 p.","ipdsId":"IP-069782","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":375832,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/water-resources/YRCC-docs/YRCCAnnualReport2014.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, North Dakota, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.6669921875,\n              48.03401915864286\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.86474609375,\n              48.48748647988415\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.56787109374999,\n              48.531157010976706\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.9189453125,\n              47.15984001304432\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.61035156249999,\n              46.63435070293566\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.51123046875,\n              46.118941506107056\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.15966796875,\n              45.1510532655634\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.36865234374999,\n              44.19795903948531\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.96240234375,\n              42.73087427928485\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.75390625,\n              42.48830197960227\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.45751953125,\n              43.16512263158296\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.18310546875,\n              44.574817404670306\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.6669921875,\n              48.03401915864286\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berkas, Wayne R. wrberkas@usgs.gov","contributorId":425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkas","given":"Wayne","email":"wrberkas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70137863,"text":"70137863 - 2014 - Sharp increase in central Oklahoma seismicity 2009-2014 induced by massive wastewater injection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T14:55:16","indexId":"70137863","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sharp increase in central Oklahoma seismicity 2009-2014 induced by massive wastewater injection","docAbstract":"<p>Unconventional oil and gas production provides a rapidly growing energy source; however high-producing states in the United States, such as Oklahoma, face sharply rising numbers of earthquakes. Subsurface pressure data required to unequivocally link earthquakes to injection are rarely accessible. Here we use seismicity and hydrogeological models to show that distant fluid migration from high-rate disposal wells in Oklahoma is likely responsible for the largest swarm. Earthquake hypocenters occur within disposal formations and upper-basement, between 2-5 km depth. The modeled fluid pressure perturbation propagates throughout the same depth range and tracks earthquakes to distances of 35 km, with a triggering threshold of ~0.07 MPa. Although thousands of disposal wells may operate aseismically, four of the highest-rate wells likely induced 20% of 2008-2013 central US seismicity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1126/science.1255802","usgsCitation":"Keranen, K.M., Abers, G.A., Weingarten, M., Bekins, B.A., and Ge, S., 2014, Sharp increase in central Oklahoma seismicity 2009-2014 induced by massive wastewater injection: Science, v. 345, no. 6195, p. 448-451, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1255802.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"448","endPage":"451","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057212","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297215,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -99.49218749999999,\n              34.470335121217495\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.49218749999999,\n              36.58024660149866\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.8779296875,\n              36.58024660149866\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.8779296875,\n              34.470335121217495\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.49218749999999,\n              34.470335121217495\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"345","issue":"6195","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2ab2e4b08de9379b3186","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keranen, Kathleen M.","contributorId":138655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keranen","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12480,"text":"Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abers, Geoffrey A.","contributorId":90195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abers","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weingarten, Matthew","contributorId":138656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weingarten","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12481,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ge, Shemin","contributorId":37366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ge","given":"Shemin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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,{"id":70189603,"text":"70189603 - 2014 - A large mantle water source for the northern San Andreas Fault System: A ghost of subduction past","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T10:34:27","indexId":"70189603","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1430,"text":"Earth, Planets and Space","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A large mantle water source for the northern San Andreas Fault System: A ghost of subduction past","docAbstract":"Recent research indicates that the shallow mantle of the Cascadia subduction margin under near-coastal Pacific Northwest U.S. is cold and partially serpentinized, storing large quantities of water in this wedge-shaped region. Such a wedge probably formed to the south in California during an earlier period of subduction. We show by numerical modeling that after subduction ceased with the creation of the San Andreas Fault System (SAFS), the mantle wedge warmed, slowly releasing its water over a period of more than 25 Ma by serpentine dehydration into the crust above. This deep, long-term water source could facilitate fault slip in San Andreas System at low shear stresses by raising pore pressures in a broad region above the wedge. Moreover, the location and breadth of the water release from this model gives insights into the position and breadth of the SAFS. Such a mantle source of water also likely plays a role in the occurrence of Non-Volcanic Tremor (NVT) that has been reported along the SAFS in central California. This process of water release from mantle depths could also mobilize mantle serpentinite from the wedge above the dehydration front, permitting upward emplacement of serpentinite bodies by faulting or by diapiric ascent. Specimens of serpentinite collected from tectonically emplaced serpentinite blocks along the SAFS show mineralogical and structural evidence of high fluid pressures during ascent from depth. Serpentinite dehydration may also lead to tectonic mobility along other plate boundaries that succeed subduction, such as other continental transforms, collision zones, or along present-day subduction zones where spreading centers are subducting.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/1880-5981-66-67","usgsCitation":"Kirby, S.H., Wang, K., and Brocher, T.M., 2014, A large mantle water source for the northern San Andreas Fault System: A ghost of subduction past: Earth, Planets and Space, v. 66-67, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/1880-5981-66-67.","productDescription":"18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-056085","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1880-5981-66-67","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344033,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -125.98022460937499,\n              35\n            ],\n            [\n              -120,\n              35\n            ],\n            [\n              -120,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.98022460937499,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.98022460937499,\n              35\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"66-67","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fbbe4b0d1f9f065a8ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirby, Stephen H. 0000-0003-1636-4688 skirby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-4688","contributorId":2752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Stephen","email":"skirby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Kelin","contributorId":194791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Kelin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brocher, Thomas M. 0000-0002-9740-839X brocher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"Thomas","email":"brocher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70137287,"text":"70137287 - 2014 - A review of pipe and bamboo artificial refugia as sampling tools in anuran studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-26T09:26:14","indexId":"70137287","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1894,"text":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","onlineIssn":"2151-0733","printIssn":"1931-7603","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of pipe and bamboo artificial refugia as sampling tools in anuran studies","docAbstract":"<p>Artificial pipe-like refugia have been used for more than 40 years in anuran studies, and have captured 28 species, primarily (82%) hylid treefrogs. Early pipe-like refugia were made using cut pieces of bamboo in the tropical forests of Puerto Rico, but most recent studies have used synthetic pipes and have occurred primarily in the southeastern United States. Characteristics of artificial refugia (e.g., color, length, and diameter), and their placement in the environment have varied greatly among studies, making comparisons difficult. Here, we summarize and evaluate different pipe designs and placement, address potential concerns when using artificial pipe-like refugia, and suggest studies necessary to better interpret the data gained from this technique in anuran studies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","usgsCitation":"Glorioso, B.M., and Waddle, J., 2014, A review of pipe and bamboo artificial refugia as sampling tools in anuran studies: Herpetological Conservation and Biology, v. 9, no. 3, p. 609-625.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"609","endPage":"625","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050722","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297504,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297022,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.herpconbio.org/contents_vol9_issue3.html"}],"volume":"9","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a4ee4b08de9379b2fcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glorioso, Brad M. 0000-0002-5400-7414 gloriosob@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5400-7414","contributorId":4241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glorioso","given":"Brad","email":"gloriosob@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waddle, J. Hardin 0000-0003-1940-2133 waddleh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133","contributorId":138516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"J. Hardin","email":"waddleh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70194467,"text":"70194467 - 2014 - The USGS-National Park Service Water Quality Partnership","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T10:39:28","indexId":"70194467","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3561,"text":"The George Wright Forum","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The USGS-National Park Service Water Quality Partnership","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"George Wright Society","usgsCitation":"Ellsworth, A.C., Nilles, M.A., and Rosenlieb, G., 2014, The USGS-National Park Service Water Quality Partnership: The George Wright Forum, v. 31, no. 2, p. 191-197.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"197","ipdsId":"IP-057456","costCenters":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349507,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349492,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/43598340"}],"country":"United States","volume":"31","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a61003fe4b06e28e9c253ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellsworth, Alan C.","contributorId":172403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5106,"text":"National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, Mammoth, Wyoming 82190","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nilles, Mark A. manilles@usgs.gov","contributorId":3171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilles","given":"Mark","email":"manilles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenlieb, Gary","contributorId":200967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenlieb","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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