{"pageNumber":"1258","pageRowStart":"31425","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184938,"records":[{"id":70146536,"text":"ofr20151072 - 2015 - Summary of oceanographic and water-quality measurements in Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge, Wells, Maine, in 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-06T14:44:48","indexId":"ofr20151072","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-06T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1072","title":"Summary of oceanographic and water-quality measurements in Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge, Wells, Maine, in 2013","docAbstract":"

Suspended-sediment transport is a critical element controlling the geomorphology of tidal wetland complexes. Wetlands rely on organic material and inorganic sediment deposition to maintain their elevation relative to sea level. The U.S. Geological Survey performed observational deployments to measure suspended-sediment concentration and water flow rates in the tidal channels of the wetlands in the Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge in Wells, Maine. The objective was to characterize the sediment-transport mechanisms that contribute to the net sediment budget of the wetland complex. We deployed a meteorological tower, optical turbidity sensors, and acoustic velocity meters at sites on Stephens Brook and the Ogunquit River between March 27 and December 9, 2013. This report presents the time-series oceanographic and atmospheric data collected during those field studies. The oceanographic parameters include water velocity, depth, turbidity, salinity, temperature, and pH. The atmospheric parameters include wind direction, speed, and gust; air temperature; air pressure; relative humidity; short wave radiation; and photosynthetically active radiation.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151072","usgsCitation":"Montgomery, E., Ganju, N., Dickhudt, P., Borden, J., Martini, M.A., and Brosnahan, S.M., 2015, Summary of oceanographic and water-quality measurements in Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge, Wells, Maine, in 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1072, Report: v, 17 p.; Appendixes 1-3; Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151072.","productDescription":"Report: v, 17 p.; Appendixes 1-3; Dataset","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2013-03-27","temporalEnd":"2013-12-09","ipdsId":"IP-059849","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300138,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151072.jpg"},{"id":300137,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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2013"},{"id":300142,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1072/attachments/ofr2015-1072-appendix03.xlsx","text":"Appendix 3","size":"25 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Appendix 3","linkHelpText":"Channel Geometry at the Furbish Road Site"},{"id":300143,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7ST7MWS","text":"Dataset","description":"Dataset","linkHelpText":"Oceanographic and Water-Quality Measurements, Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge, Maine, 2013"}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Maine","city":"Wells","otherGeospatial":"Ogunquit River, Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge, Stephens Brook","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.57522773742676,\n 43.28276655786751\n ],\n [\n 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martini, Marinna A. 0000-0002-7757-5158 mmartini@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7757-5158","contributorId":2456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martini","given":"Marinna","email":"mmartini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brosnahan, Sandra M. sbrosnahan@usgs.gov","contributorId":140607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brosnahan","given":"Sandra","email":"sbrosnahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70155878,"text":"70155878 - 2015 - Coupled interactions between volatile activity and Fe oxidation state during arc crustal processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-17T10:46:18","indexId":"70155878","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-06T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coupled interactions between volatile activity and Fe oxidation state during arc crustal processes","docAbstract":"

Arc magmas erupted at the Earth’s surface are commonly more oxidized than those produced at mid-ocean ridges. Possible explanations for this high oxidation state are that the transfer of fluids during the subduction process results in direct oxidation of the sub-arc mantle wedge, or that oxidation is caused by the effect of later crustal processes, including protracted fractionation and degassing of volatile-rich magmas. This study sets out to investigate the effect of disequilibrium crustal processes that may involve coupled changes in H2O content and Fe oxidation state, by examining the degassing and hydration of sulphur-free rhyolites. We show that experimentally hydrated melts record strong increases in Fe3+/∑Fe with increasing H2O concentration as a result of changes in water activity. This is relevant for the passage of H2O-undersaturated melts from the deep crust towards shallow crustal storage regions, and raises the possibility that vertical variations in fO2 might develop within arc crust. Conversely, degassing experiments produce an increase in Fe3+/∑Fe with decreasing H2O concentration. In this case the oxidation is explained by loss of H2 as well as H2O into bubbles during decompression, consistent with thermodynamic modelling, and is relevant for magmas undergoing shallow degassing en route to the surface. We discuss these results in the context of the possible controls on fO2 during the generation, storage and ascent of magmas in arc settings, in particular considering the timescales of equilibration relative to observation as this affects the quality of the petrological record of magmatic fO2.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egv017","usgsCitation":"Humphreys, M.C., Brooker, R., Fraser, D., Burgisser, A., Mangan, M.T., and McCammon, C., 2015, Coupled interactions between volatile activity and Fe oxidation state during arc crustal processes: Journal of Petrology, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egv017.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055270","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472101,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egv017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ef2ae4b0bc0bec09ef46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Humphreys, Madeleine C.S.","contributorId":103199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Humphreys","given":"Madeleine","email":"","middleInitial":"C.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooker, R","contributorId":146223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooker","given":"R","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16635,"text":"Bristol University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fraser, D.C.","contributorId":35732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fraser","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burgisser, A","contributorId":146224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burgisser","given":"A","affiliations":[{"id":16636,"text":"CNRS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mangan, Margaret T. 0000-0002-5273-8053 mmangan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-8053","contributorId":3343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangan","given":"Margaret","email":"mmangan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McCammon, C","contributorId":146225,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCammon","given":"C","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13489,"text":"Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70154770,"text":"70154770 - 2015 - A pheromone outweighs temperature in influencing migration of sea lamprey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-23T08:50:58","indexId":"70154770","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-06T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3908,"text":"Royal Society Open Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A pheromone outweighs temperature in influencing migration of sea lamprey","docAbstract":"

Organisms continuously acquire and process information from surrounding cues. While some cues complement one another in delivering more reliable information, others may provide conflicting information. How organisms extract and use reliable information from a multitude of cues is largely unknown. We examined movement decisions of sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus L.) exposed to a conspecific and an environmental cue during pre-spawning migration. Specifically, we predicted that the mature male-released sex pheromone 3-keto petromyzonol sulfate (3kPZS) will outweigh the locomotor inhibiting effects of cold stream temperature (less than 15°C). Using large-scale stream bioassays, we found that 3kPZS elicits an increase (more than 40%) in upstream movement of pre-spawning lampreys when the water temperatures were below 15°C. Both warming temperatures and conspecific cues increase upstream movement when the water temperature rose above 15°C. These patterns define an interaction between abiotic and conspecific cues in modulating animal decision-making, providing an example of the hierarchy of contradictory information.

","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1098/rsos.150009","usgsCitation":"Brant, C., Li, K., Johnson, N., and Li, W., 2015, A pheromone outweighs temperature in influencing migration of sea lamprey: Royal Society Open Science, v. 2, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150009.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064542","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308167,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92ace4b05d6c4e501a40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brant, Cory O.","contributorId":52872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brant","given":"Cory O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, Ke","contributorId":172267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Ke","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. njohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":145449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas S.","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, Weiming","contributorId":65440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Weiming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70147753,"text":"70147753 - 2015 - A field investigation of the basaltic ring structures of the Channeled Scabland and the relevance to Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-08T16:17:11","indexId":"70147753","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-06T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A field investigation of the basaltic ring structures of the Channeled Scabland and the relevance to Mars","docAbstract":"

The basaltic ring structure (BRS) is a class of peculiar features only reported in the Channeled Scabland of eastern Washington State. They have been suggested to be good analogs, however, for some circular features on Mars. BRSs are found where Pleistocene floods scoured the Columbia River Basin, stripping off the uppermost part of the Miocene Columbia River Basalt Group and exposing structures that were previously embedded in the lava. The “Odessa Craters,” near Odessa, WA, are 50–500-m-wide BRSs that are comprised of discontinuous, concentric outcrops of subvertically-jointed basalt and autointrusive dikes. Detailed field investigation of the Odessa Craters in planform and a cross-sectional exposure of a similar structure above Banks Lake, WA, lead us to propose that BRSs formed by concurrent phreatovolcanism and lava flow inflation. In this model, phreatovolcanic (a.k.a., “rootless”) cones formed on a relatively thin, active lava flow; the lava flow inflated around the cones, locally inverting topography; tensile stresses caused concentric fracturing of the lava crust; lava from within the molten interior of the flow exploited the fractures and buried the phreatovolcanic cones; and subsequent erosive floods excavated the structures. Another population of BRSs near Tokio Station, WA, consists of single-ringed, raised-rimmed structures that are smaller and more randomly distributed than the Odessa Craters. We find evidence for a phreatovolcanic component to the origin as well, and hypothesize that they are either flood-eroded phreatovolcanic cones or Odessa Crater-like BRSs. This work indicates that BRSs are not good analogs to the features on Mars because the martian features are found on the uneroded surfaces. Despite this, the now superseded concepts for BRS formation are useful for understanding the formation of the martian features.

","conferenceTitle":"45th Annual Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium","conferenceDate":"September 12-14, 2014","conferenceLocation":"Knoxville, TN","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.06.027","usgsCitation":"Keszthelyi, L.P., and Jaeger, W.L., 2015, A field investigation of the basaltic ring structures of the Channeled Scabland and the relevance to Mars: Geomorphology, v. 240, p. 34-43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.06.027.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"34","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050656","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Channeled Scabland, Mars, Odessa Craters","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.1302490234375,\n 47.92554522341879\n ],\n [\n -119.21539306640626,\n 47.88872266659918\n ],\n [\n -119.34722900390625,\n 47.635783590864854\n ],\n [\n -118.7677001953125,\n 47.29040793812928\n ],\n [\n -118.2843017578125,\n 47.12808212013255\n ],\n [\n -118.11126708984375,\n 47.21397145824759\n ],\n [\n -119.1302490234375,\n 47.92554522341879\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"240","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"554b2d17e4b082ec54127142","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keszthelyi, Laszlo P. 0000-0003-1879-4331 laz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-4331","contributorId":227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"Laszlo","email":"laz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaeger, Windy L.","contributorId":61679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaeger","given":"Windy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70145549,"text":"ds932 - 2015 - Geospatial compilation and digital map of centerpivot irrigated areas in the mid-Atlantic region, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-05T14:50:14","indexId":"ds932","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-05T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"932","title":"Geospatial compilation and digital map of centerpivot irrigated areas in the mid-Atlantic region, United States","docAbstract":"

To evaluate water availability within the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the University of Delaware Agricultural Extension, created a dataset that maps the number of acres under center-pivot irrigation in the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain study area. For this study, the extent of the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain falls within areas of the States of New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. The irrigation dataset maps about 271,900 acres operated primarily under center-pivot irrigation in 57 counties. Manual digitizing was performed against aerial imagery in a process where operators used observable center-pivot irrigation signatures—such as irrigation arms, concentric wheel paths through cropped areas, and differential colors—to identify and map irrigated areas. The aerial imagery used for digitizing came from a variety of sources and seasons. The imagery contained a variety of spatial resolutions and included online imagery from the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Imagery Program, Microsoft Bing Maps, and the Google Maps mapping service. The dates of the source images ranged from 2010 to 2012 for the U.S. Department of Agriculture imagery, whereas maps from the other mapping services were from 2013.

\n

Most of the irrigation in the study area is on the Delmarva Peninsula, where about 75 percent of the total acreage was delineated and where corn and soy bean are the main crops. The methods used to develop this dataset focused primarily on identifying center-pivot irrigation systems. In some instances (such as in in Suffolk County, New York), irrigated rectangular fields were observed through the aerial imagery, and these were included within the dataset. Other irrigation methods included subsurface drip and flood irrigation, which are commonly used on vegetable crops such as peppers and tomatoes and forage crops such as alfalfa in parts the western United States. Some fruit and nursery stock crops also use subsurface drip and flood irrigation. Drip irrigation is especially apparent in New Jersey where large plantings of truck crops are common. Subsurface drip and flood irrigation methods were not accounted for in this dataset. The U.S. Geological Survey collected these data to enhance the understanding of irrigation water demand and associated groundwater withdrawals for the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain.

\n

The digitized acreage totals were compared with the irrigation estimates provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture farm and ranch irrigation survey, which is the most comprehensive source of information on irrigation water use within the agricultural industry. This survey collects information on a wide range of topics, including the amount of water used, total acres irrigated, crop specific data, and even energy costs. The U.S. Department of Agriculture samples data for both entire States and individual counties.

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The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) requires accurate estimates of the numbers of wild horses (Equus ferus caballus) and burros (Equus asinus) living on the lands it manages. For over ten years, BLM in Arizona has used the simultaneous double-observer method of recording wild burros during aerial surveys and has reported population estimates for those surveys that come from two formulations of a Lincoln-Petersen type of analysis (Graham and Bell, 1989). In this report, I provide those same two types of burro population analysis for 2014 aerial survey data from six herd management areas (HMAs) in Arizona, California, Nevada, and Utah. I also provide burro population estimates based on a different form of simultaneous double-observer analysis, now in widespread use for wild horse surveys that takes into account the potential effects on detection probability of sighting covariates including group size, distance, vegetative cover, and other factors (Huggins, 1989, 1991). The true number of burros present in the six areas surveyed was not known, so population estimates made with these three types of analyses cannot be directly tested for accuracy in this report. I discuss theoretical reasons why the Huggins (1989, 1991) type of analysis should provide less biased estimates of population size than the Lincoln-Petersen analyses and why estimates from all forms of double-observer analyses are likely to be lower than the true number of animals present in the surveyed areas. I note reasons why I suggest using burro observations made at all available distances in analyses, not only those within 200 meters of the flight path. For all analytical methods, small sample sizes of observed groups can be problematic, but that sample size can be increased over time for Huggins (1989, 1991) analyses by pooling observations. I note ways by which burro population estimates could be tested for accuracy when there are radio-collared animals in the population or when there are simultaneous double-observer surveys before and after a burro gather and removal.

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1995-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-07T09:43:27","indexId":"sir20155023","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-05T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5023","title":"Water quality of the Little Arkansas River and Equus Beds Aquifer before and concurrent with large-scale artificial recharge, south-central Kansas, 1995-2012","docAbstract":"

The city of Wichita artificially recharged about 1 billion gallons of water into the Equus Beds aquifer during 2007–2012 as part of Phase I recharge of the Artificial Storage and Recovery project. This report, prepared in cooperation by the U.S. Geological Survey and the city of Wichita, Kansas, summarizes Little Arkansas River (source-water for artificial recharge) andEquus Beds aquifer water quality before (1995–2006) and during (2007–2012) Artificial Storage and Recovery Phase I recharge. Additionally, aquifer water-quality distribution maps are presented and water-quality changes associated with Phase I recharge timing are described.

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Computed chloride concentrations in the Little Arkansas River exceeded the Federal secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) about 20 percent of the time during 1999 through 2012, primarily during low-flow conditions. Groundwater chloride concentrations during 2001 through 2012 exceeded the SMCL in about 6 percent of shallow wells and 7 percent of deep wells, primarily near Burrton, Kansas and along the Arkansas River. Nearly all surface water nitrate plus nitrite concentrations during 1995 through 2012 were less than the Federal maximum contaminant level (MCL); groundwater nitrate plus nitrite concentrations exceeded the MCL in about 16 percent of shallow groundwater samples and were minimal in the deeper parts of the aquifer. Several trace elements frequently exceeded drinking water criteria, including arsenic, iron, and manganese.

\n

Recharge activities at Phase I recharge wells have not resulted in substantial effects on groundwater quality in the area, likely because the total amount of water recharged is relatively small (1 billion gallons) compared to aquifer storage volume (greater than 990 billion gallons in winter 2012). The eastward movement of the Burrton chloride plume is likely being slowed by a line of recharge locations associated with Phase I; however, chloride concentrations in deep groundwater still advanced to less than one half mile from the central part of the study area. Water-quality constituents of concern (major ions, nutrients, trace elements, triazine herbicides, and fecal indicator bacteria) have not increased substantially and are likely more affected by climatological (natural recharge by precipitation) and natural (geochemical oxidation/reduction, metabolic and decay rates) processes than artificial recharge. Arsenic remains a water-quality constituent of concern because of natural and continued persistence of concentrations exceeding the Federal maximum contaminant level of 10 micrograms per liter, especially in the deeper parts of theEquus Beds aquifer.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155023","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wichita, Kansas, as part of the Equus Beds Groundwater Recharge Project","usgsCitation":"Tappa, D.J., Lanning-Rush, J., Klager, B.J., Hansen, C.V., and Ziegler, A., 2015, Water quality of the Little Arkansas River and Equus Beds Aquifer before and concurrent with large-scale artificial recharge, south-central Kansas, 1995-2012 (Version 1: Originally posted May 5, 2015; Version 1.1: May 6, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5023, Report: ix, 67 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155023.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 67 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"82","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1995-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-057383","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300097,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155023.jpg"},{"id":300152,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5023/downloads","text":"Downloads Directory","description":"Downloads Directory","linkHelpText":"Contains: Figures1.1_1.2.xlsx and Table1-1.xlsx"},{"id":300095,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5023/pdf/sir2015-5023.pdf","size":"9.55 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":300096,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5023/"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Little Arkansas River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.47962951660156,\n 37.823887203271454\n ],\n [\n -97.39654541015625,\n 37.82605669492651\n ],\n [\n -97.3992919921875,\n 37.844494798834596\n ],\n [\n -97.40821838378906,\n 37.87105925304027\n ],\n [\n -97.42332458496094,\n 37.88948610493193\n ],\n [\n -97.437744140625,\n 37.91007536562636\n ],\n [\n -97.43980407714844,\n 37.9192844858339\n ],\n [\n -97.43911743164062,\n 37.92686760148135\n ],\n [\n -97.44941711425781,\n 37.957733641508185\n ],\n [\n -97.46726989746094,\n 37.980468742815034\n ],\n [\n -97.48031616210938,\n 38.003737861469666\n ],\n [\n -97.49336242675781,\n 38.02050869343087\n ],\n [\n -97.50984191894531,\n 38.03565324349137\n ],\n [\n -97.525634765625,\n 38.05025395161286\n ],\n [\n -97.54554748535156,\n 38.06485174812299\n ],\n [\n -97.55859375,\n 38.085391861792274\n ],\n [\n -97.56614685058594,\n 38.095119375806846\n ],\n [\n -97.57781982421875,\n 38.11349003681576\n ],\n [\n -97.58880615234375,\n 38.126994928671756\n ],\n [\n -97.59361267089844,\n 38.14265747385727\n ],\n [\n -97.6025390625,\n 38.16209595668556\n ],\n [\n -97.61009216308594,\n 38.17505206686869\n ],\n [\n -97.64854431152344,\n 38.17559185481662\n ],\n [\n -97.68150329589844,\n 38.17721119467082\n ],\n [\n -97.70210266113281,\n 38.17937025849983\n ],\n [\n -97.73780822753906,\n 38.17883049854014\n ],\n [\n -97.75703430175781,\n 38.16209595668556\n ],\n [\n -97.77694702148438,\n 38.129155479572624\n ],\n [\n -97.78106689453125,\n 38.095659755295614\n ],\n [\n -97.78312683105469,\n 38.06268929534033\n ],\n [\n -97.79342651367186,\n 38.034030762875844\n ],\n [\n -97.81059265136719,\n 38.00698412839117\n ],\n [\n -97.81402587890625,\n 37.97668004819228\n ],\n [\n -97.81402587890625,\n 37.95286091815649\n ],\n [\n -97.8009796142578,\n 37.91820111976663\n ],\n [\n -97.79411315917969,\n 37.90357411607749\n ],\n [\n -97.7728271484375,\n 37.883524980871336\n ],\n [\n -97.72956848144531,\n 37.860759886765194\n ],\n [\n -97.68562316894531,\n 37.84015683604134\n ],\n [\n -97.65678405761719,\n 37.83364941345968\n ],\n [\n -97.52906799316406,\n 37.82442958216432\n ],\n [\n -97.49061584472656,\n 37.823887203271454\n ],\n [\n -97.47962951660156,\n 37.823887203271454\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1: Originally posted May 5, 2015; 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This fact sheet describes baseline water quality of the Equus Beds aquifer and Little Arkansas River and water-quality effects of artificial recharge by the city of Wichita associated with Phase I (2007–present) of the Aquifer Storage and Recovery project. During 1995 through 2012, more than 8,800 surface water and groundwater water-quality samples were collected and analyzed for more than 400 compounds, including most of the compounds on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s primary drinking-water standards maximum contaminant level list and secondary drinkingwater regulations secondary maximum contaminant level list. Water-quality constituents of concern discussed in detail in this fact sheet are chloride, arsenic, total coliform bacteria, and atrazine. Sulfate, nitrate, iron, manganese, oxidation-reduction potential, and specific conductance also are constituents of concern and are discussed to a lesser extent.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153010","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wichita, Kansas, as part of the Equus Beds Groundwater Recharge Project","usgsCitation":"Tappa, D., Lanning-Rush, J., and Ziegler, A., 2015, Water quality of the Little Arkansas River and Equus Beds Aquifer before and concurrent with large-scale artificial recharge, south-central Kansas, 1995-2012 (Version 1: Originally posted May 5, 2015; Version 1.1: May 6, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3010, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153010.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1995-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-057439","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300099,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20153010.jpg"},{"id":300098,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3010/pdf/fs2015-3010.pdf","size":"1.34 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":300091,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3010/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Little Arkansas River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.47962951660156,\n 37.823887203271454\n ],\n [\n -97.39654541015625,\n 37.82605669492651\n ],\n [\n -97.3992919921875,\n 37.844494798834596\n ],\n [\n -97.40821838378906,\n 37.87105925304027\n ],\n [\n -97.42332458496094,\n 37.88948610493193\n ],\n [\n -97.437744140625,\n 37.91007536562636\n ],\n [\n -97.43980407714844,\n 37.9192844858339\n ],\n [\n -97.43911743164062,\n 37.92686760148135\n ],\n [\n -97.44941711425781,\n 37.957733641508185\n ],\n [\n -97.46726989746094,\n 37.980468742815034\n ],\n [\n -97.48031616210938,\n 38.003737861469666\n ],\n [\n -97.49336242675781,\n 38.02050869343087\n ],\n [\n -97.50984191894531,\n 38.03565324349137\n ],\n [\n -97.525634765625,\n 38.05025395161286\n ],\n [\n -97.54554748535156,\n 38.06485174812299\n ],\n [\n -97.55859375,\n 38.085391861792274\n ],\n [\n -97.56614685058594,\n 38.095119375806846\n ],\n [\n -97.57781982421875,\n 38.11349003681576\n ],\n [\n -97.58880615234375,\n 38.126994928671756\n ],\n [\n -97.59361267089844,\n 38.14265747385727\n ],\n [\n -97.6025390625,\n 38.16209595668556\n ],\n [\n -97.61009216308594,\n 38.17505206686869\n ],\n [\n -97.64854431152344,\n 38.17559185481662\n ],\n [\n -97.68150329589844,\n 38.17721119467082\n ],\n [\n -97.70210266113281,\n 38.17937025849983\n ],\n [\n -97.73780822753906,\n 38.17883049854014\n ],\n [\n -97.75703430175781,\n 38.16209595668556\n ],\n [\n -97.77694702148438,\n 38.129155479572624\n ],\n [\n -97.78106689453125,\n 38.095659755295614\n ],\n [\n -97.78312683105469,\n 38.06268929534033\n ],\n [\n -97.79342651367186,\n 38.034030762875844\n ],\n [\n -97.81059265136719,\n 38.00698412839117\n ],\n [\n -97.81402587890625,\n 37.97668004819228\n ],\n [\n -97.81402587890625,\n 37.95286091815649\n ],\n [\n -97.8009796142578,\n 37.91820111976663\n ],\n [\n -97.79411315917969,\n 37.90357411607749\n ],\n [\n -97.7728271484375,\n 37.883524980871336\n ],\n [\n -97.72956848144531,\n 37.860759886765194\n ],\n [\n -97.68562316894531,\n 37.84015683604134\n ],\n [\n -97.65678405761719,\n 37.83364941345968\n ],\n [\n -97.52906799316406,\n 37.82442958216432\n ],\n [\n -97.49061584472656,\n 37.823887203271454\n ],\n [\n -97.47962951660156,\n 37.823887203271454\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1: Originally posted May 5, 2015; Version 1.1: May 6, 2015","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5549dba3e4b064e4207ca3f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tappa, Daniel J. dtappa@usgs.gov","contributorId":140567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappa","given":"Daniel J.","email":"dtappa@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanning-Rush, Jennifer L. jlanning@usgs.gov","contributorId":5809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanning-Rush","given":"Jennifer L.","email":"jlanning@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ziegler, Andrew C. aziegler@usgs.gov","contributorId":433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziegler","given":"Andrew C.","email":"aziegler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70102607,"text":"sir20135040 - 2015 - Hydrology of the middle San Pedro area, southeastern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:20:22","indexId":"sir20135040","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-05T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5040","title":"Hydrology of the middle San Pedro area, southeastern Arizona","docAbstract":"

In the middle San Pedro Watershed in southeastern Arizona, groundwater is the primary source of water supply for municipal, domestic, industrial, and agricultural use. The watershed comprises two smaller subareas, the Benson subarea and the Narrows-Redington subarea. Early 21st century projections for heavy population growth in the watershed have not yet become a reality, but increased groundwater withdrawals could have undesired consequences - such as decreased base flow to the San Pedro River, and groundwater-level declines - that would lead to the need to deepen existing wells. This report describes the hydrology, hydrochemistry, water quality, and development of a groundwater budget for the middle San Pedro Watershed, focusing primarily on the elements of groundwater movement that could be most useful for the development of a groundwater model

Precipitation data from Tombstone, Arizona, and base flow at the stream-gaging station on the San Pedro River at Charleston both show relatively dry periods during the 1960s through the mid-1980s and in the mid-1990s to 2009, and wetter periods from the mid-1980s through the mid-1990s. Water levels in four out of five wells near the mountain fronts show cyclical patterns of recharge, with rates of recharge greatest in the early 1980s through the mid-1990s. Three wells near the San Pedro River recorded their lowest levels during the 1950s to the mid-1960s. The water-level record from one well, completed in the confined part of the coarse-grained lower basin fill, showed a decline of approximately 21 meters.

Annual flow of the San Pedro River, measured at the Charleston and Redington gages, has decreased since the 1940s. The median annual streamflow and base flow at the gaging station on the river near Tombstone has decreased by 50 percent between the periods 1968–1986 and 1997–2009. Estimates of streamflow infiltration along the San Pedro River during 1914–2009 have decreased 44 percent, with the largest decreases in the months June–October in the Benson subarea. In the Narrows-Redington subarea, streamflow infiltration has decreased about 65 percent during 1914–2009.

The average annual outflow (27.6 hm3/year [cubic hectometers per year]) from the Benson subarea aquifer for water years 2001 through 2009 exceeded the inflows (20.0 hm3/ yr) by 7.60 hm3/yr. In the Narrows-Redington subarea for the same period, the average annual outflow (15.7 hm3/yr) from the aquifer system exceeded the inflows (13.8 hm3/yr) by nearly 2 hm3/yr. The largest withdrawals of groundwater in both subareas are for irrigation; these withdrawals peaked in 1973 and have been steadily decreasing since then. Recharge from streamflow infiltration exceeded recharge from the mountain-front and from ephemeral channels in the Benson subarea. In the Narrows-Redington subarea, however, recharge from mountain-front and ephemeral channel recharge exceeded recharge from streamflow infiltration. Evapotranspiration by phreatophytes accounts for the largest outflow of groundwater for both subareas—78 percent of the outflow in the Narrows-Redington subarea and 62 percent of the outflow in the Benson subarea.

Precipitation, surface-water, and groundwater chemistry and isotope data indicated the relative age and residence time of groundwater, the amount of interaction between geologic sources and groundwater, and how recharge elevation and season were related to the presence of modern water. The bedrock aquifer receives modern recharge (

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Director, Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
http://az.water.usgs.gov/

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-05-05","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5549dba1e4b064e4207ca3f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordova, Jeffrey T. jcordova@usgs.gov","contributorId":1845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordova","given":"Jeffrey T.","email":"jcordova@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dickinson, Jesse E. 0000-0002-0048-0839 jdickins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0048-0839","contributorId":152545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"Jesse","email":"jdickins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beisner, Kimberly R. 0000-0002-2077-6899 kbeisner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2077-6899","contributorId":2733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beisner","given":"Kimberly","email":"kbeisner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hopkins, Candice B. 0000-0003-3207-7267 chopkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-7267","contributorId":1379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Candice","email":"chopkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kennedy, Jeffrey R. 0000-0002-3365-6589 jkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-6589","contributorId":2172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pool, Donald R. drpool@usgs.gov","contributorId":1121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"Donald","email":"drpool@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Glenn, Edward P.","contributorId":19289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Thomas, Blakemore E.","contributorId":93871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Blakemore","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70137292,"text":"ofr20151002 - 2015 - Quantification of shoreline change along Hatteras Island, North Carolina: Oregon Inlet to Cape Hatteras, 1978-2002, and associated vector shoreline data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-05T08:22:49","indexId":"ofr20151002","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-05T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1002","title":"Quantification of shoreline change along Hatteras Island, North Carolina: Oregon Inlet to Cape Hatteras, 1978-2002, and associated vector shoreline data","docAbstract":"

Shoreline change spanning twenty-four years was assessed along the coastline of Cape Hatteras National Seashore, at Hatteras Island, North Carolina. The shorelines used in the analysis were generated from georeferenced historical aerial imagery and are used to develop shoreline change rates for Hatteras Island, from Oregon Inlet to Cape Hatteras. A total of 14 dates of aerial photographs ranging from 1978 through 2002 were obtained from the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers Field Research Facility in Duck, North Carolina, and scanned to generate digital imagery. The digital imagery was georeferenced and high water line shorelines (interpreted from the wet/dry line) were digitized from each date to produce a time series of shorelines for the study area. Rates of shoreline change were calculated for three periods: the full span of the time series, 1978 through 2002, and two approximately decadal subsets, 1978–89 and 1989–2002.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151002","usgsCitation":"Hapke, C.J., and Henderson, R., 2015, Quantification of shoreline change along Hatteras Island, North Carolina: Oregon Inlet to Cape Hatteras, 1978-2002, and associated vector shoreline data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1002, Report: v, 13 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151002.","productDescription":"Report: v, 13 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1978-01-01","temporalEnd":"2002-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-058211","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science 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Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155953,"text":"70155953 - 2015 - Wind River subbasin restoration: Annual report of U.S. Geological Survey activities January 2014 through December 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T13:55:18","indexId":"70155953","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-05T05:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Wind River subbasin restoration: Annual report of U.S. Geological Survey activities January 2014 through December 2014","docAbstract":"

Executive Summary

\n

The Wind River subbasin in southwest Washington State provides habitat for a population of wild Lower Columbia River steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss, which are listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. No hatchery steelhead have been planted in the Wind River subbasin since 1994, and hatchery adults are estimated to be less than one percent of adults in any year (Thomas Buehrens, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, personal communication). Numerous restoration actions have been implemented in the subbasin, including the removal of Hemlock Dam on Trout Creek in 2009. We used Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tagging and a series of instream PIT-tag interrogation systems (PTIS) to investigate life-histories, populations, and efficacy of habitat restoration actions for these steelhead. Data from our study, and companion work by Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW), will contribute to Bonneville Power Administration’s (BPA) Research Monitoring and Evaluation (RM&E) Program Strategy of Fish Population Status Monitoring (www.cbfish.org/ProgramStrategy.mvc/ViewProgramStrategySummary/1), specifically the sub-strategies of: 1) Assessing the Status and Trends of Diversity of Natural Origin Fish Populations and to Uncertainties Research regarding differing life histories of a wild steelhead population, 2) Assessing the Status and Trend of Adult Natural Origin Fish Populations, and 3) Monitoring and Evaluating the Effectiveness of Tributary Habitat Actions Relative to Environmental, Physical, or Biological Performance Objectives.

\n

During summer 2014, we PIT-tagged steelhead parr in headwater areas of the Wind River subbasin to investigate life-history diversity, specifically to compare fate of those juvenile steelhead that move downstream prior to smolting with those that remain in their natal areas until smolting. A series of instream PTISs monitored movement of these fish. We added a new multi-antenna PTIS on Trout Creek and made improvements to two of our smaller tributary PTISs during 2014. Detections at the instream PTISs showed trends of parr emigration during summer and fall, in addition to the expected movement of parr and smolts in spring. Long-term monitoring of PIT-tagged fish will provide information on contribution of various life-history strategies to smolt production and adult returns, as well as helping to identify factors influencing parr movement.

\n

Movements of PIT-tagged adult steelhead were tracked with our instream PTISs. These data will contribute to a better understanding of timing and distribution of spawning by this population of wild steelhead within the Wind River subbasin. Additionally, these data have provided information on timing of adult movements to various parts of the watershed, which is allowing us to assess adult use of tributary watersheds within the Wind River subbasin. These data are contributing to evaluating steelhead response to the removal of Hemlock Dam from Trout Creek. Hemlock Dam, which was located at rkm 2.0 of Trout Creek, was removed in summer 2009 and had contributed to hydrologic impairment of Trout Creek and potentially caused some deterrent to upstream adult steelhead migration.

\n

Evaluating restoration efforts is of interest to many managers and agencies so that funding and time are allocated for best results. The evaluation of various life-histories of Lower Columbia River steelhead within the Wind River subbasin provides information to better track populations, and more effectively direct habitat restoration and water allocation planning. Increasingly detailed Viable Salmonid Population information (Crawford and Rumsey 2009), such as that provided by PIT-tagging and instream PTISs networks like those we build and operate in the Wind River subbasin, provide data to better inform policy and management, as life-history strategies and production bottlenecks are identified and understood.

","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","collaboration":"Report covers work performed under Bonneville Power Administration contract #(s) 63276, 66668","usgsCitation":"Jezorek, I.G., and Connolly, P., 2015, Wind River subbasin restoration: Annual report of U.S. Geological Survey activities January 2014 through December 2014, 58 p.","productDescription":"58 p.","startPage":"58 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064417","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":320576,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pisces.bpa.gov/release/documents/DocumentViewer.aspx?doc=P144015","text":"Report","size":"763.04 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.04540252685548,\n 45.7964939814375\n ],\n [\n -122.04540252685548,\n 45.96952673162373\n ],\n [\n -121.89571380615234,\n 45.96952673162373\n ],\n [\n -121.89571380615234,\n 45.7964939814375\n ],\n [\n -122.04540252685548,\n 45.7964939814375\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5720913ae4b071321fe656bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jezorek, Ian G. 0000-0002-3842-3485 ijezorek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3842-3485","contributorId":3572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jezorek","given":"Ian","email":"ijezorek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connolly, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7365-7618 pconnolly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7365-7618","contributorId":2920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pconnolly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155809,"text":"70155809 - 2015 - A Systems Thinking approach to post-disaster restoration of maritime transportation systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-30T10:23:59","indexId":"70155809","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A Systems Thinking approach to post-disaster restoration of maritime transportation systems","docAbstract":"

A Systems Thinking approach is used to examine elements of a maritime transportation system that are most likely to be impacted by an extreme event. The majority of the literature uses a high-level view that can fail to capture the damage at the sub-system elements. This work uses a system dynamics simulation for a better view and understanding of the Port of San Juan, Puerto Rico, as a whole system and uses Hurricane Georges (1998), as a representative disruptive event. The model focuses on the impacts of natural disasters at the sub-system level with a final goal of determining the sequence needed to restore an ocean-going port to its pre-event state. This work in progress details model development and outlines steps for using real-world information to assist maritime port manager planning and recommendations for best practices to mitigate disaster damage.

","conferenceTitle":"IIE Annual Conference","conferenceDate":"May 30 - June 2, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Nashville, TN","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Industrial Engineers","usgsCitation":"Lespier, L.P., Long, S., and Shoberg, T.G., 2015, A Systems Thinking approach to post-disaster restoration of maritime transportation systems, IIE Annual Conference, Nashville, TN, May 30 - June 2, 2015, p. 2262-2272.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2262","endPage":"2272","ipdsId":"IP-064391","costCenters":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341824,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Port of San Juan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.16241455078125,\n 18.41447273166262\n ],\n [\n -66.04602813720703,\n 18.41447273166262\n ],\n [\n -66.04602813720703,\n 18.487098148509038\n ],\n [\n -66.16241455078125,\n 18.487098148509038\n ],\n [\n -66.16241455078125,\n 18.41447273166262\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592d8edee4b08f9d15be7b89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lespier, Lizzette Perez","contributorId":146117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lespier","given":"Lizzette","email":"","middleInitial":"Perez","affiliations":[{"id":16291,"text":"Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, Suzanna K.","contributorId":42139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Suzanna K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shoberg, Thomas G. 0000-0003-0173-1246 tshoberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0173-1246","contributorId":3764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoberg","given":"Thomas","email":"tshoberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148380,"text":"70148380 - 2015 - Potential metal recovery from waste streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-05T14:00:28","indexId":"70148380","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Potential metal recovery from waste streams","docAbstract":"

‘Waste stream’ is a general term that describes the total flow of waste from homes, businesses, industrial facilities, and institutions that are recycled, burned or isolated from the environment in landfills or other types of storage, or dissipated into the environment. The recovery and reuse of chemical elements from waste streams have the potential to decrease U.S. reliance on primary resources and imports, and to lessen unwanted dispersion of some potentially harmful elements into the environment. Additional benefits might include reducing disposal or treatment costs and decreasing the risk of future environmental liabilities for waste generators. Elemental chemistry and mineralogical residences of the elements are poorly documented for many types of waste streams.

","conferenceTitle":"27th International Applied Geochemistry Symposium","conferenceDate":"April 20-24, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Tucson, AZ","language":"English","publisher":"The Association of Applied Geochemists","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.S., Hageman, P.L., Plumlee, G.S., Budahn, J.R., and Bleiwas, D.I., 2015, Potential metal recovery from waste streams, 27th International Applied Geochemistry Symposium, Tucson, AZ, April 20-24, 2015, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-061833","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342112,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59366dabe4b0f6c2d0d7d63a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kathleen S. 0000-0001-8547-9804 ksmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-9804","contributorId":182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kathleen","email":"ksmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hageman, Philip L. 0000-0002-3440-2150 phageman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-2150","contributorId":811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hageman","given":"Philip","email":"phageman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Budahn, James R. 0000-0001-9794-8882 jbudahn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-8882","contributorId":1175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budahn","given":"James","email":"jbudahn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bleiwas, Donald I. bleiwas@usgs.gov","contributorId":1434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleiwas","given":"Donald","email":"bleiwas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70147158,"text":"ofr20151081 - 2015 - Storm tide monitoring during the blizzard of January 26-28, 2015, in eastern Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-01T14:55:29","indexId":"ofr20151081","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1081","title":"Storm tide monitoring during the blizzard of January 26-28, 2015, in eastern Massachusetts","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) deployed a temporary monitoring network of six storm surge sensors and four barometric pressure sensors along the Atlantic coast in eastern Massachusetts, from Plymouth to Newburyport, before the blizzard of January 26–28, 2015 (Blizzard of January 2015), to record the timing and magnitude of storm tide at select locations where forecasters had predicted the potential for coastal flooding. Additionally, water-level data were recorded and transmitted in near real-time from four permanent USGS tidal stations—three on Cape Cod and one near the mouth of the Merrimack River in Newburyport. The storm surge sensors were deployed at previously established fixed sites outfitted with presurveyed mounting brackets. The mounting brackets were installed in 2014 as part of the USGS Surge, Wave, and Tide Hydrodynamic (SWaTH) Network (https://water.usgs.gov/floods/STN/), which was funded through congressional supplemental appropriations for the U.S. Department of the Interior after the devastating landfall of Hurricane Sandy on October 29, 2012 (Simmons and others, 2014). The USGS received this funding to enable better understanding of coastal flooding hazards in the region, to improve preparedness for future coastal storms, and to increase the resilience of coastal cities, infrastructure, and natural systems in the region (Buxton and others, 2013). The USGS established 163 monitoring locations along the New England coast for the SWaTH Network, including 70 sites in Massachusetts.

\n

The Blizzard of January 2015 was a powerful and destructive storm that threatened public safety and led to widespread cancellations and delays at transportation hubs, schools, and businesses in Massachusetts, including, for example, the closure of General Edward Lawrence Logan (Boston-Logan) International Airport and cancellation of all flights on January 27 and a statewide travel ban issued for January 28. A total of 24.6 inches of snowfall and winds up to 45 miles per hour (mi/hr) were recorded at the airport. Several coastal communities were affected and experienced flooding, overwash, and damage to seawalls, dwellings, and other infrastructure. In Scituate, the National Guard was sent to rescue people from flooding, and power was cut to some areas of the town to prevent electrical fires.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151081","usgsCitation":"Massey, A.J., and Verdi, R.J., 2015, Storm tide monitoring during the blizzard of January 26-28, 2015, in eastern Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1081, iv, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151081.","productDescription":"iv, 7 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2015-01-26","temporalEnd":"2015-01-28","ipdsId":"IP-064196","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300031,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151081.jpg"},{"id":300030,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1081/pdf/ofr20150-1081.pdf","size":"6.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299931,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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rverdi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-9203","contributorId":1098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdi","given":"Richard","email":"rverdi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70175997,"text":"70175997 - 2015 - Moment tensors and other source parameters of mining‐induced earthquakes in TauTona Mine, South Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T14:08:47","indexId":"70175997","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T14:08:40","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Moment tensors and other source parameters of mining‐induced earthquakes in TauTona Mine, South Africa","docAbstract":"

Induced seismicity exhibits diverse source mechanisms that are often difficult to constrain for small events. Here, we use data from the in‐mine seismic network, the Natural Earthquake Laboratory in South African Mines network, and a temporary Program for the Array Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere deployment in TauTona Mine, South Africa, to determine full moment tensors of 100 mining‐induced earthquakes in the magnitude range −2.7<Mw<2.5. Ground displacement derived from velocity and acceleration data show clear near‐field effects, indicating that the lowest frequencies are well resolved. Phase amplitudes of between 11 and 77 picks per event were inverted to obtain the six independent moment tensor components. The quality of each moment tensor solution is quantified using (1) the misfit between observed and synthetic waveforms, (2) bootstrap resampling to estimate uncertainties, and (3) the F‐test to determine the need for including an isotropic component with an extra degree of freedom in the solution. The results indicate 82% of the events have well‐constrained solutions, and 45% of the well‐constrained events require an isotropic source term. Throughout the magnitude range, both deviatoric and implosive mechanisms are observed, with implosive ratios of volume change to shear deformation (ΔV/Στ) of −1.03 to −0.15. Two explosive events are observed at Mw−0.5 and −0.2, withΔV/Στ=0.15 and 0.51, respectively. For the largest events, we determine maximum slip and apparent stress (τa) and find values consistent with those of natural tectonic earthquakes, with 0.1≤τa≤9.2  MPa. Our results support previous speculation on the nature of isotropic components of mining‐induced earthquakes, in which events of all sizes begin as shear failure that may intersect a void (tunnel or stope) and cause collapse, whereas only small events result in explosive sources.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120140300","usgsCitation":"Boettcher, M.S., Kane, D.L., McGarr, A.F., Johnston, M.J., and Reches, Z., 2015, Moment tensors and other source parameters of mining‐induced earthquakes in TauTona Mine, South Africa: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 105, no. 3, p. 1576-1593, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120140300.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1576","endPage":"1593","ipdsId":"IP-060517","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"South Africa","otherGeospatial":"TauTona Mine","volume":"105","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fcc10e4b0f5d57878ecca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boettcher, Margaret S.","contributorId":53263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boettcher","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kane, Deborah L.","contributorId":173977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kane","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12667,"text":"University of New Hampshire","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":646774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGarr, Arthur F. 0000-0001-9769-4093 mcgarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-4093","contributorId":3178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGarr","given":"Arthur","email":"mcgarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnston, Malcolm J. S. 0000-0003-4326-8368 mal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Malcolm","email":"mal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":646775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reches, Ze’ev","contributorId":173978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reches","given":"Ze’ev","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7062,"text":"University of Oklahoma","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":646776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70148072,"text":"70148072 - 2015 - Toxicity reference values for chlorophacinone and their application for assessing anticoagulant rodenticide risk to raptors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:34:54","indexId":"70148072","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity reference values for chlorophacinone and their application for assessing anticoagulant rodenticide risk to raptors","docAbstract":"

Despite widespread use and benefit, there are growing concerns regarding hazards of second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides to non-target wildlife which may result in expanded use of first-generation compounds, including chlorophacinone (CPN). The toxicity of CPN over a 7-day exposure period was investigated in American kestrels (Falco sparverius) fed either rat tissue mechanically-amended with CPN, tissue from rats fed Rozol® bait (biologically-incorporated CPN), or control diets (tissue from untreated rats or commercial bird of prey diet) ad libitum. Nominal CPN concentrations in the formulated diets were 0.15, 0.75 and 1.5 µg/g food wet weight, and measured concentrations averaged 94 % of target values. Kestrel food consumption was similar among groups and body weight varied by less than 6 %. Overt signs of intoxication, liver CPN residues, and changes in prothrombin time (PT), Russell’s viper venom time (RVVT) and hematocrit, were generally dose-dependent. Histological evidence of hemorrhage was present at all CPN dose levels, and most frequently observed in pectoral muscle and heart. There were no apparent differences in toxicity between mechanically-amended and biologically-incorporated CPN diet formulations. Dietary-based toxicity reference values at which clotting times were prolonged in 50 % of the kestrels were 79.2 µg CPN consumed/kg body weight-day for PT and 39.1 µg/kg body weight-day for RVVT. Based upon daily food consumption of kestrels and previously reported CPN concentrations found in small mammals following field baiting trials, these toxicity reference values might be exceeded by free-ranging raptors consuming such exposed prey. Tissue-based toxicity reference values for coagulopathy in 50 % of exposed birds were 0.107 µg CPN/g liver wet weight for PT and 0.076 µg/g liver for RVVT, and are below the range of residue levels reported in raptor mortality incidents attributed to CPN exposure. Sublethal responses associated with exposure to environmentally realistic concentrations of CPN could compromise survival of free-ranging raptors, and should be considered in weighing the costs and benefits of anticoagulant rodenticide use in pest control and eradication programs.

\n

 

","language":"English","publisher":"Chapman & Hall","doi":"10.1007/s10646-015-1418-8","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B.A., Horak, K., Lazarus, R.S., Schultz, S.L., Knowles, S., Abbo, B.G., and Volker, S.F., 2015, Toxicity reference values for chlorophacinone and their application for assessing anticoagulant rodenticide risk to raptors: Ecotoxicology, v. 24, no. 4, p. 720-734, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-015-1418-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"720","endPage":"734","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059253","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555c5ec3e4b0a92fa7eacc15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horak, Katherine E.","contributorId":58760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horak","given":"Katherine E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lazarus, Rebecca S. 0000-0003-1731-6469 rlazarus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-6469","contributorId":5594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lazarus","given":"Rebecca","email":"rlazarus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schultz, Sandra L. 0000-0003-3394-2857 sschultz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3394-2857","contributorId":5966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Sandra","email":"sschultz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knowles, Susan 0000-0002-0254-6491 sknowles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0254-6491","contributorId":5254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"Susan","email":"sknowles@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Abbo, Benjamin G.","contributorId":140861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abbo","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12749,"text":"USDA APHIS National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Volker, Steven F.","contributorId":19012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Volker","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70155516,"text":"70155516 - 2015 - Temporal patterns in adult salmon migration timing across southeast Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-10T10:49:46","indexId":"70155516","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal patterns in adult salmon migration timing across southeast Alaska","docAbstract":"

Pacific salmon migration timing can drive population productivity, ecosystem dynamics, and human harvest. Nevertheless, little is known about long-term variation in salmon migration timing for multiple species across broad regions. We used long-term data for five Pacific salmon species throughout rapidly warming southeast Alaska to describe long-term changes in salmon migration timing, interannual phenological synchrony, relationships between climatic variation and migratory timing, and to test whether long-term changes in migration timing are related to glaciation in headwater streams. Temporal changes in the median date of salmon migration timing varied widely across species. Most sockeye populations are migrating later over time (11 of 14), but pink, chum, and especially coho populations are migrating earlier than they did historically (16 of 19 combined). Temporal trends in duration and interannual variation in migration timing were highly variable across species and populations. The greatest temporal shifts in the median date of migration timing were correlated with decreases in the duration of migration timing, suggestive of a loss of phenotypic variation due to natural selection. Pairwise interannual correlations in migration timing varied widely but were generally positive, providing evidence for weak region-wide phenological synchrony. This synchrony is likely a function of climatic variation, as interannual variation in migration timing was related to climatic phenomenon operating at large- (Pacific decadal oscillation), moderate- (sea surface temperature), and local-scales (precipitation). Surprisingly, the presence or the absence of glaciers within a watershed was unrelated to long-term shifts in phenology. Overall, there was extensive heterogeneity in long-term patterns of migration timing throughout this climatically and geographically complex region, highlighting that future climatic change will likely have widely divergent impacts on salmon migration timing. Although salmon phenological diversity will complicate future predictions of migration timing, this variation likely acts as a major contributor to population and ecosystem resiliency in southeast Alaska.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12829","usgsCitation":"Kovach, R., Ellison, S., Pyare, S., and Tallmon, D., 2015, Temporal patterns in adult salmon migration timing across southeast Alaska: Global Change Biology, v. 21, no. 5, p. 1821-1833, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12829.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1821","endPage":"1833","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061254","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472105,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12829","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306531,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Southeast Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.35009765625,\n 59.60109549032134\n ],\n [\n -134.80224609375,\n 60.941106295036136\n ],\n [\n -130.693359375,\n 60.27251459483244\n ],\n [\n -128.64990234375,\n 58.90464570302001\n ],\n [\n -128.38623046875,\n 56.48676175249086\n ],\n [\n -127.77099609374999,\n 55.29162848682989\n ],\n [\n -129.9462890625,\n 54.23955053156179\n ],\n [\n -132.91259765625,\n 53.46189043285914\n ],\n [\n -141.35009765625,\n 59.60109549032134\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c9cb39e4b08400b1fdb72e","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gcb.12829","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12829","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Kovach Ryan P., Ellison Stephen C., Pyare Sanjay, Tallmon David A.","journalName":"Global Change Biology","publicationDate":"2/6/2015","auditedOn":"6/11/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kovach, Ryan P.","contributorId":126724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kovach","given":"Ryan P.","affiliations":[{"id":6580,"text":"University of Montana, Flathead Lake Biological Station, Polson, Montana 59860, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellison, Stephen","contributorId":145919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellison","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16298,"text":"University of Alaska Southeast","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pyare, Sanjay","contributorId":47135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyare","given":"Sanjay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tallmon, David","contributorId":145920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tallmon","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":16298,"text":"University of Alaska Southeast","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70147580,"text":"70147580 - 2015 - Thiaminase activity in native freshwater mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-02T11:34:16","indexId":"70147580","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thiaminase activity in native freshwater mussels","docAbstract":"

Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency in the Great Lakes has been attributed to elevated levels of thiaminase I enzyme activity in invasive prey species; however, few studies have investigated thiaminase activity in native prey species. Some of the highest levels of thiaminase activity have been measured in invasive dreissenid mussels with little understanding of background levels contributed by native freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae). In this study, thiaminase activity was measured in two freshwater mussel species, Elliptio complanata and Strophitus undulatus, from the Delaware and Susquehanna River drainage basins located in north eastern United States. Thiaminase activity was also measured in gravid and non-gravid S. undulatus. Average thiaminase activity differed significantly between species (7.2 and 42.4 μmol/g/min, for E. complanata and S. undulatus respectively) with no differences observed between drainage basins. Gravid S. undulatus had significantly lower thiaminase activity (28.0 μmol/g/min) than non-gravid mussels (42.4 μmol/g/min). Our results suggest that a suite of factors may regulate thiaminase activity in freshwater mussels and that native freshwater mussel thiaminase activity is within the range observed for invasive dreissenids. These results add to our understanding of the complexities in identifying the ecological conditions that set the stage for thiamine deficiency.

","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","publisherLocation":"Toronto","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.024","usgsCitation":"Blakeslee, C.J., Sweet, S., Galbraith, H.S., and Honeyfield, D.C., 2015, Thiaminase activity in native freshwater mussels: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 41, no. 2, p. 516-519, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.024.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"516","endPage":"519","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062481","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5549e9c1e4b064e4207ca450","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blakeslee, Carrie J. 0000-0002-0801-5325 cblakeslee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0801-5325","contributorId":5462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakeslee","given":"Carrie","email":"cblakeslee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sweet, Stephanie ssweet@usgs.gov","contributorId":140568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweet","given":"Stephanie","email":"ssweet@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galbraith, Heather S. 0000-0003-3704-3517 hgalbraith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3704-3517","contributorId":4519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galbraith","given":"Heather","email":"hgalbraith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Honeyfield, Dale C. 0000-0003-3034-2047 honeyfie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-2047","contributorId":2774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honeyfield","given":"Dale","email":"honeyfie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70147358,"text":"70147358 - 2015 - Atypical pit craters on Mars: new insights from THEMIS, CTX and HiRISE observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-17T12:42:43","indexId":"70147358","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atypical pit craters on Mars: new insights from THEMIS, CTX and HiRISE observations","docAbstract":"

More than 100 pit craters in the Tharsis region of Mars exhibit morphologies, diameters and thermal behaviors that diverge from the much larger bowl-shaped pit craters that occur in most regions across Mars. These Atypical Pit Craters (APCs) generally have sharp and distinct rims, vertical or overhanging walls that extend down to their floors, surface diameters of ~50-350 m, and high depth-to-diameter (d/D) ratios that are usually greater than 0.3 (which is an upper-range value for impacts and bowl-shaped pit craters), and can exceed values of 1.8. Observations by the Mars Odyssey THermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) show that APC floor temperatures are warmer at night, and fluctuate with much lower diurnal amplitudes than nearby surfaces or adjacent bowl-shaped pit craters. Kīlauea volcano, Hawai'i, hosts pit craters that formed through subsurface collapse into active volcanic dikes, resulting in pits that can appear morphologically analogous to either APCs or bowl-shaped pit craters. Partially-drained dikes are sometimes exposed within the lower walls and floors of these terrestrial APC analogs and can form extensive cave systems with unique microclimates. Similar caves in martian pit craters are of great interest for astrobiology. This study uses new observations by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) and Context Camera (CTX) to refine previous work where seven APCs were described from lower-resolution THEMIS visible-wavelength (VIS) observations. Here, we identify locations of 115 APCs, map their distribution across the Tharsis region, characterize their internal morphologies with high-resolution observations, and discuss possible formation mechanisms.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014JE004735","usgsCitation":"Cushing, G., Okubo, C.H., and Titus, T.N., 2015, Atypical pit craters on Mars: new insights from THEMIS, CTX and HiRISE observations: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 120, no. 6, p. 1023-1043, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JE004735.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1023","endPage":"1043","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-039697","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014je004735","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"120","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"554495a9e4b0a658d7947885","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cushing, Glen gcushing@usgs.gov","contributorId":138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cushing","given":"Glen","email":"gcushing@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Okubo, Chris H. 0000-0001-9776-8128 cokubo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9776-8128","contributorId":140482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"Chris","email":"cokubo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Titus, Timothy N. 0000-0003-0700-4875 ttitus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-4875","contributorId":146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"Timothy","email":"ttitus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148076,"text":"70148076 - 2015 - AMDTreat 5.0+ with PHREEQC titration module to compute caustic chemical quantity, effluent quality, and sludge volume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-25T15:43:38","indexId":"70148076","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2745,"text":"Mine Water and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"AMDTreat 5.0+ with PHREEQC titration module to compute caustic chemical quantity, effluent quality, and sludge volume","docAbstract":"

Alkaline chemicals are commonly added to discharges from coal mines to increase pH and decrease concentrations of acidity and dissolved aluminum, iron, manganese, and associated metals. The annual cost of chemical treatment depends on the type and quantities of chemicals added and sludge produced. The AMDTreat computer program, initially developed in 2003, is widely used to compute such costs on the basis of the user-specified flow rate and water quality data for the untreated AMD. Although AMDTreat can use results of empirical titration of net-acidic or net-alkaline effluent with caustic chemicals to accurately estimate costs for treatment, such empirical data are rarely available. A titration simulation module using the geochemical program PHREEQC has been incorporated with AMDTreat 5.0+ to improve the capability of AMDTreat to estimate: (1) the quantity and cost of caustic chemicals to attain a target pH, (2) the chemical composition of the treated effluent, and (3) the volume of sludge produced by the treatment. The simulated titration results for selected caustic chemicals (NaOH, CaO, Ca(OH)2, Na2CO3, or NH3) without aeration or with pre-aeration can be compared with or used in place of empirical titration data to estimate chemical quantities, treated effluent composition, sludge volume (precipitated metals plus unreacted chemical), and associated treatment costs. This paper describes the development, evaluation, and potential utilization of the PHREEQC titration module with the new AMDTreat 5.0+ computer program available at http://www.amd.osmre.gov/.

","language":"English","publisher":"International Mine Water Association","publisherLocation":"Berlin","doi":"10.1007/s10230-014-0292-6","usgsCitation":"Cravotta, C., Means, B.P., Arthur, W., McKenzie, R.M., and Parkhurst, D.L., 2015, AMDTreat 5.0+ with PHREEQC titration module to compute caustic chemical quantity, effluent quality, and sludge volume: Mine Water and the Environment, v. 34, no. 2, p. 136-152, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-014-0292-6.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"136","endPage":"152","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043936","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300543,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555c5eafe4b0a92fa7eacbf0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":138829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles A.","suffix":"III","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Means, Brent P","contributorId":140842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Means","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[{"id":13592,"text":"US Office of Surface Mining","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arthur, Willam","contributorId":140844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arthur","given":"Willam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13592,"text":"US Office of Surface Mining","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKenzie, Robert M","contributorId":140843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKenzie","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":13592,"text":"US Office of Surface Mining","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parkhurst, David L. 0000-0003-3348-1544 dlpark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3348-1544","contributorId":1088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhurst","given":"David","email":"dlpark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70147959,"text":"70147959 - 2015 - The interaction of intraspecific competition and habitat on individual diet specialization: a near range-wide examination of sea otters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T10:03:24","indexId":"70147959","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The interaction of intraspecific competition and habitat on individual diet specialization: a near range-wide examination of sea otters","docAbstract":"

The quantification of individuality is a common research theme in the fields of population, community, and evolutionary ecology. The potential for individuality to arise is likely context-dependent, and the influence of habitat characteristics on its prevalence has received less attention than intraspecific competition. We examined individual diet specialization in 16 sea otter (Enhydra lutris) populations from southern California to the Aleutian Islands in Alaska. Because population histories, relative densities, and habitat characteristics vary widely among sites, we could examine the effects of intraspecific competition and habitat on the prevalence of individual diet specialization. Using observed diet data, we classified half of our sites as rocky substrate habitats and the other half containing a mixture of rocky and unconsolidated (soft) sediment substrates. We used stable isotope data to quantify population- and individual-level diet variation. Among rocky substrate sites, the slope [±standard error (SE)] of the positive significant relationship between the within-individual component (WIC) and total isotopic niche width (TINW) was shallow (0.23 ± 0.07) and negatively correlated with sea otter density. In contrast, the slope of the positive WIC/TINW relationship for populations inhabiting mixed substrate habitats was much higher (0.53 ± 0.14), suggesting a low degree of individuality, irrespective of intraspecific competition. Our results show that the potential for individuality to occur as a result of increasing intraspecific competition is context-dependent and that habitat characteristics, which ultimately influence prey diversity, relative abundance, and the range of skillsets required for efficient prey procurement, are important in determining when and where individual diet specialization occurs in nature.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"Berlin","doi":"10.1007/s00442-015-3223-8","collaboration":"USFWS, Alaska DFG","usgsCitation":"Newsome, S.D., Tinker, M.T., Gill, V., Hoyt, Z.N., Doroff, A.M., Nichol, L., and Bodkin, J.L., 2015, The interaction of intraspecific competition and habitat on individual diet specialization: a near range-wide examination of sea otters: Oecologia, v. 178, no. 1, p. 45-59, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-015-3223-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060511","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300271,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"178","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551d2bce4b0a92fa7e93c17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newsome, Seth D.","contributorId":81640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newsome","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gill, Verena A.","contributorId":140658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"Verena A.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoyt, Zachary N.","contributorId":140659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoyt","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doroff, Angela M.","contributorId":140660,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doroff","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nichol, Linda","contributorId":140661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nichol","given":"Linda","affiliations":[{"id":13015,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70148402,"text":"70148402 - 2015 - Experimental dosing of wetlands with coagulants removes mercury from surface water and decreases mercury bioaccumulation in fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:40:13","indexId":"70148402","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental dosing of wetlands with coagulants removes mercury from surface water and decreases mercury bioaccumulation in fish","docAbstract":"

Mercury pollution is widespread globally, and strategies for managing mercury contamination in aquatic environments are necessary. We tested whether coagulation with metal-based salts could remove mercury from wetland surface waters and decrease mercury bioaccumulation in fish. In a complete randomized block design, we constructed nine experimental wetlands in California’s Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, stocked them with mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), and then continuously applied agricultural drainage water that was either untreated (control), or treated with polyaluminum chloride or ferric sulfate coagulants. Total mercury and methylmercury concentrations in surface waters were decreased by 62% and 63% in polyaluminum chloride treated wetlands and 50% and 76% in ferric sulfate treated wetlands compared to control wetlands. Specifically, following coagulation, mercury was transferred from the filtered fraction of water into the particulate fraction of water which then settled within the wetland. Mosquitofish mercury concentrations were decreased by 35% in ferric sulfate treated wetlands compared to control wetlands. There was no reduction in mosquitofish mercury concentrations within the polyaluminum chloride treated wetlands, which may have been caused by production of bioavailable methylmercury within those wetlands. Coagulation may be an effective management strategy for reducing mercury contamination within wetlands, but further studies should explore potential effects on wetland ecosystems.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b00655","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., Kraus, T.E., Fleck, J., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Horwarth, W.R., Bachand, S., Herzog, M.P., Hartman, C.A., and Bachand, P., 2015, Experimental dosing of wetlands with coagulants removes mercury from surface water and decreases mercury bioaccumulation in fish: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 10, p. 6304-6311, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b00655.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"6304","endPage":"6311","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061945","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300962,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","volume":"49","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"556ed3bbe4b0d9246a9fa7d7","chorus":{"doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b00655","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b00655","publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","authors":"Ackerman Joshua T., Kraus Tamara E. C., Fleck Jacob A., Krabbenhoft David P., Horwath William R., Bachand Sandra M., Herzog Mark P., Hartman C. Alex, Bachand Philip A. M.","journalName":"Environmental Science & Technology","publicationDate":"5/19/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kraus, Tamara E.C. 0000-0002-5187-8644 tkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8644","contributorId":1452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Tamara","email":"tkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.C.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleck, Jacob A. 0000-0002-3217-3972 jafleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-3972","contributorId":141024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Jacob A.","email":"jafleck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Horwarth, William R.","contributorId":141025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horwarth","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bachand, Sandra M.","contributorId":45542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bachand","given":"Sandra M.","affiliations":[{"id":12526,"text":"Bachand & Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Herzog, Mark P. 0000-0002-5203-2835 mherzog@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-2835","contributorId":131158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Mark","email":"mherzog@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hartman, C. Alex 0000-0002-7222-1633 chartman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-1633","contributorId":131157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"C.","email":"chartman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alex","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bachand, Philip","contributorId":81013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bachand","given":"Philip","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12526,"text":"Bachand & Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70142755,"text":"70142755 - 2015 - Mineral resource of the month: graphite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-20T09:18:42","indexId":"70142755","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1419,"text":"Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral resource of the month: graphite","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geological Institute","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","usgsCitation":"Olson, D.W., 2015, Mineral resource of the month: graphite: Earth, v. 60, no. 5, p. 51-51.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"51","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064165","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300601,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":300600,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.earthmagazine.org/issues/may-2015"}],"volume":"60","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555db054e4b0a92fa7eb8318","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, Donald W. dolson@usgs.gov","contributorId":526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Donald","email":"dolson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70148553,"text":"70148553 - 2015 - From patterns to causal understanding: Structural equation modeling (SEM) in soil ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-12T09:27:45","indexId":"70148553","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3024,"text":"Pedobiologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From patterns to causal understanding: Structural equation modeling (SEM) in soil ecology","docAbstract":"

In this perspectives paper we highlight a heretofore underused statistical method in soil ecological research, structural equation modeling (SEM). SEM is commonly used in the general ecological literature to develop causal understanding from observational data, but has been more slowly adopted by soil ecologists. We provide some basic information on the many advantages and possibilities associated with using SEM and provide some examples of how SEM can be used by soil ecologists to shift focus from describing patterns to developing causal understanding and inspiring new types of experimental tests. SEM is a promising tool to aid the growth of soil ecology as a discipline, particularly by supporting research that is increasingly hypothesis-driven and interdisciplinary, thus shining light into the black box of interactions belowground.

","language":"English","publisher":"ScienceDirect","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2015.03.002","usgsCitation":"Eisenhauer, N., Powell, J.R., Grace, J.B., and Bowker, M.A., 2015, From patterns to causal understanding: Structural equation modeling (SEM) in soil ecology: Pedobiologia, v. 58, no. 2-3, p. 65-72, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2015.03.002.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"72","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064082","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2015.03.002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":301181,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"2-3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"557c02cee4b023124e8edf17","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2015.03.002","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2015.03.002","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Eisenhauer Nico, Bowker Matthew A., Grace James B., Powell Jeff R.","journalName":"Pedobiologia","publicationDate":"3/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eisenhauer, Nico","contributorId":141161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eisenhauer","given":"Nico","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13699,"text":"German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, Jeff R","contributorId":141162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powell","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[{"id":13700,"text":"University of Western Sydney, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowker, Matthew A. mbowker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"Matthew","email":"mbowker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":548611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148061,"text":"70148061 - 2015 - Inter-laboratory variation in the chemical analysis of acidic forest soil reference samples from eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-18T09:22:41","indexId":"70148061","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inter-laboratory variation in the chemical analysis of acidic forest soil reference samples from eastern North America","docAbstract":"

Long-term forest soil monitoring and research often requires a comparison of laboratory data generated at different times and in different laboratories. Quantifying the uncertainty associated with these analyses is necessary to assess temporal changes in soil properties. Forest soil chemical properties, and methods to measure these properties, often differ from agronomic and horticultural soils. Soil proficiency programs do not generally include forest soil samples that are highly acidic, high in extractable Al, low in extractable Ca and often high in carbon. To determine the uncertainty associated with specific analytical methods for forest soils, we collected and distributed samples from two soil horizons (Oa and Bs) to 15 laboratories in the eastern United States and Canada. Soil properties measured included total organic carbon and nitrogen, pH and exchangeable cations. Overall, results were consistent despite some differences in methodology. We calculated the median absolute deviation (MAD) for each measurement and considered the acceptable range to be the median 6 2.5 3 MAD. Variability among laboratories was usually as low as the typical variability within a laboratory. A few areas of concern include a lack of consistency in the measurement and expression of results on a dry weight basis, relatively high variability in the C/N ratio in the Bs horizon, challenges associated with determining exchangeable cations at concentrations near the lower reporting range of some laboratories and the operationally defined nature of aluminum extractability. Recommendations include a continuation of reference forest soil exchange programs to quantify the uncertainty associated with these analyses in conjunction with ongoing efforts to review and standardize laboratory methods.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1890/ES14-00209.1","collaboration":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; USGS","usgsCitation":"Ross, D., Bailiey, S.W., Briggs, R., Curry, J., Fernandez, I.J., Fredriksen, G., Goodale, C.L., Hazlett, P.W., Heine, P.R., Johnson, C.E., Larson, J.T., Lawrence, G.B., Kolka, R.K., , O., Pare, D., Richter, D.D., Shirmer, C.D., and Warby, R.A., 2015, Inter-laboratory variation in the chemical analysis of acidic forest soil reference samples from eastern North America: Ecosphere, v. 6, no. 5, p. 1-22, https://doi.org/10.1890/ES14-00209.1.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060718","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es14-00209.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555b0d50e4b0a92fa7eac62b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Donald S.","contributorId":9565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Donald S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailiey, Scott W","contributorId":140803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bailiey","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":13575,"text":"Research Geologist, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, USDA Forest Service, North Woodstock, NH","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Russell D","contributorId":140804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Briggs","given":"Russell D","affiliations":[{"id":13576,"text":"Professor, Div of Environmental Science, SUNY College of ESF, Syracuse NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Curry, Johanna","contributorId":140805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Curry","given":"Johanna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13577,"text":"Supervisor, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. 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