The endangered Ozark big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii ingens) is restricted to eastern Oklahoma and western and north-central Arkansas, where populations may be susceptible to losses of genetic variation due to patchy distribution of colonies and potentially small effective population sizes. We used mitochondrial D-loop DNA sequences and 15 nuclear microsatellite loci to determine population connectivity among Ozark big-eared bat caves. Assessment of 7 caves revealed a haplotype not detected in a previous study (2002–2003) and gene flow among colonies in eastern Oklahoma. Our data suggest genetic mixing of individuals, which may be occurring at nearby swarming sites in the autumn. Further evidence of limited gene flow between caves in Oklahoma with a cave in Arkansas highlights the importance of including samples from geographically widespread caves to fully understand gene flow in this subspecies. It appears autumn swarming sites and winter hibernacula play an important role in providing opportunities for mating; therefore, we suggest protection of these sites, maternity caves, and surrounding habitat to facilitate gene flow among populations of Ozark big-eared bats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyv057","usgsCitation":"Lee, D.N., Stark, R.C., Puckette, W.L., Hamilton, M.J., Leslie, D., and Van Den Bussche, R.A., 2015, Population connectivity of endangered Ozark big-eared bats (Corynorhinus townsendii ingens): Journal of Mammalogy, v. 96, no. 3, p. 522-530, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyv057.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"522","endPage":"530","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051288","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, 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\"}}]}","volume":"96","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d305b8e4b0518e35468d15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Dana N.","contributorId":146561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stark, Richard C.","contributorId":28425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stark","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puckette, William L.","contributorId":103058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puckette","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamilton, Meredith J.","contributorId":145766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Meredith","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. cleslie@usgs.gov","contributorId":145497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Van Den Bussche, Ronald A.","contributorId":41121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Den Bussche","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70195882,"text":"70195882 - 2015 - Comparing activated alumina with indigenous laterite and bauxite as potential sorbents for removing fluoride from drinking water in Ghana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-07T15:07:24","indexId":"70195882","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing activated alumina with indigenous laterite and bauxite as potential sorbents for removing fluoride from drinking water in Ghana","docAbstract":"Fluoride is considered beneficial to teeth and bones when consumed in low concentrations, but at elevated concentrations it can cause dental and skeletal fluorosis. Most fluoride-related health problems occur in poor, rural communities of the developing world where groundwater fluoride concentrations are high and the primary sources of drinking water are from community hand-pump borehole drilled wells. One solution to drinking high fluoride water is to attach a simple de-fluoridation filter to the hand-pump; and indigenous materials have been recommended as low-cost sorbents for use in these filters. In an effort to develop an effective, inexpensive, and low-maintenance de-fluoridation filter for a high fluoride region in rural northern Ghana, this study conducted batch fluoride adsorption experiments and potentiometric titrations to investigate the effectiveness of indigenous laterite and bauxite as sorbents for fluoride removal. It also determined the physical and chemical properties of each sorbent. Their properties and the experimental results, including fluoride adsorption capacity, were then compared to those of activated alumina, which has been identified as a good sorbent for removing fluoride from drinking water. The results indicate that, of the three sorbents, bauxite has the highest fluoride adsorption capacity per unit area, but is limited by a low specific surface area. When considering fluoride adsorption per unit weight, activated alumina has the highest fluoride adsorption capacity because of its high specific surface area. Activated alumina also adsorbs fluoride well in a wider pH range than bauxite, and particularly laterite. The differences in adsorption capacity are largely due to surface area, pore size, and mineralogy of the sorbent.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.02.004","usgsCitation":"Craig, L., Stillings, L.L., Decker, D.L., and Thomas, J.M., 2015, Comparing activated alumina with indigenous laterite and bauxite as potential sorbents for removing fluoride from drinking water in Ghana: Applied Geochemistry, v. 56, p. 50-66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.02.004.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"50","endPage":"66","ipdsId":"IP-081848","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ghana","volume":"56","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeebbee4b0da30c1bfc67d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Craig, Laura","contributorId":173675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craig","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":27270,"text":"American Rivers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stillings, Lisa L. 0000-0002-9011-8891 stilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-8891","contributorId":193548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stillings","given":"Lisa","email":"stilling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Decker, David L.","contributorId":193549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Decker","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomas, James M.","contributorId":195094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189102,"text":"70189102 - 2015 - What lies beneath: geophysical mapping of a concealed Precambrian intrusive complex along the Iowa–Minnesota border","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T16:05:51","indexId":"70189102","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What lies beneath: geophysical mapping of a concealed Precambrian intrusive complex along the Iowa–Minnesota border","docAbstract":"Large-amplitude gravity and magnetic highs over northeast Iowa are interpreted to reflect a buried intrusive complex composed of mafic–ultramafic rocks, the northeast Iowa intrusive complex (NEIIC), intruding Yavapai province (1.8–1.72 Ga) rocks. The age of the complex is unproven, although it has been considered to be Keweenawan (∼1.1 Ga). Because only four boreholes reach the complex, which is covered by 200–700 m of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, geophysical methods are critical to developing a better understanding of the nature and mineral resource potential of the NEIIC. Lithologic and cross-cutting relations interpreted from high-resolution aeromagnetic and airborne gravity gradient data are presented in the form of a preliminary geologic map of the basement Precambrian rocks. Numerous magnetic anomalies are coincident with airborne gravity gradient (AGG) highs, indicating widespread strongly magnetized and dense rocks of likely mafic–ultramafic composition. A Yavapai-age metagabbro unit is interpreted to be part of a layered intrusion with subvertical dip. Another presumed Yavapai unit has low density and weak magnetization, observations consistent with felsic plutons. Northeast-trending, linear magnetic lows are interpreted to reflect reversely magnetized diabase dikes and have properties consistent with Keweenawan rocks. The interpreted dikes are cut in places by normally magnetized mafic–ultramafic rocks, suggesting that the latter represent younger Keweenawan rocks. Distinctive horseshoe-shaped magnetic and AGG highs correspond with a known gabbro, and surround rocks with weaker magnetization and lower density. Here, informally called the Decorah complex, the source body has notable geophysical similarities to Keweenawan alkaline ring complexes, such as the Coldwell and Killala Lake complexes, and Mesoproterozoic anorogenic complexes, such as the Kiglapait, Hettasch, and Voisey’s Bay intrusions in Labrador. Results presented here suggest that much of the NEIIC is composed of such complexes, and broadly speaking, may be a discontinuous group of several intrusive bodies. Most units are cut by suspected northwest-trending faults imaged as magnetic lineaments, and one produces apparent sinistral fault separation of a dike in the eastern part of the survey area. The location, trend, and apparent sinistral sense of motion are consistent with the suspected faults being part of the Belle Plaine fault zone, a complex transform fault zone within the Midcontinent rift system that is here proposed to correspond with a major structural discontinuity.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjes-2014-0178","usgsCitation":"Drenth, B.J., Anderson, R.R., Schulz, K.J., Feinberg, J.M., Chandler, V.W., and Cannon, W.F., 2015, What lies beneath: geophysical mapping of a concealed Precambrian intrusive complex along the Iowa–Minnesota border: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 52, no. 5, p. 279-293, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2014-0178.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"293","ipdsId":"IP-060373","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343183,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota","volume":"52","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611bae4b0d1f9f0506774","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drenth, Benjamin J. 0000-0002-3954-8124 bdrenth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-8124","contributorId":1315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenth","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdrenth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Raymond R.","contributorId":194009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schulz, Klaus J. 0000-0003-2967-4765 kschulz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2967-4765","contributorId":2438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"Klaus","email":"kschulz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Feinberg, Joshua M.","contributorId":194010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feinberg","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chandler, Val W.","contributorId":194011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chandler","given":"Val","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cannon, William F. 0000-0002-2699-8118 wcannon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":1883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"William","email":"wcannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70195944,"text":"70195944 - 2015 - Evidence of bottom-up limitations in nearshore marine systems based on otolith proxies of fish growth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-09T10:12:14","indexId":"70195944","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2660,"text":"Marine Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of bottom-up limitations in nearshore marine systems based on otolith proxies of fish growth","docAbstract":"Fish otolith growth increments were used as indices of annual production at nine nearshore sites within the Alaska Coastal Current (downwelling region) and California Current (upwelling region) systems (~36–60°N). Black rockfish (Sebastes melanops) and kelp greenling (Hexagrammos decagrammus) were identified as useful indicators in pelagic and benthic nearshore food webs, respectively. To examine the support for bottom-up limitations, common oceanographic indices of production [sea surface temperature (SST), upwelling, and chlorophyll-a concentration] during summer (April–September) were compared to spatial and temporal differences in fish growth using linear mixed models. The relationship between pelagic black rockfish growth and SST was positive in the cooler Alaska Coastal Current and negative in the warmer California Current. These contrasting growth responses to SST among current systems are consistent with the optimal stability window hypothesis in which pelagic production is maximized at intermediate levels of water column stability. Increased growth rates of black rockfish were associated with higher chlorophyll concentrations in the California Current only, but black rockfish growth was unrelated to the upwelling index in either current system. Benthic kelp greenling growth rates were positively associated with warmer temperatures and relaxation of downwelling (upwelling index near zero) in the Alaska Coastal Current, while none of the oceanographic indices were related to their growth in the California Current. Overall, our results are consistent with bottom-up forcing of nearshore marine ecosystems—light and nutrients constrain primary production in pelagic food webs, and temperature constrains benthic food webs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00227-015-2645-5","usgsCitation":"von Biela, V.R., Kruse, G.H., Mueter, F.J., Black, B.A., Douglas, D.C., Helser, T.E., and Zimmerman, C.E., 2015, Evidence of bottom-up limitations in nearshore marine systems based on otolith proxies of fish growth: Marine Biology, v. 162, no. 5, p. 1019-1031, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-015-2645-5.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1019","endPage":"1031","ipdsId":"IP-057775","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352357,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"162","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeebbee4b0da30c1bfc67b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"von Biela, Vanessa R. 0000-0002-7139-5981 vvonbiela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7139-5981","contributorId":3104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Biela","given":"Vanessa","email":"vvonbiela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kruse, Gordon H.","contributorId":187450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kruse","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mueter, Franz J.","contributorId":131144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mueter","given":"Franz","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Black, Bryan A.","contributorId":68448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Black","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12430,"text":"University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Helser, Thomas E.","contributorId":203203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helser","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36580,"text":"Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70187294,"text":"70187294 - 2015 - Geolocators on Golden-winged Warblers do not affect migratory ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T15:39:25","indexId":"70187294","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geolocators on Golden-winged Warblers do not affect migratory ecology","docAbstract":"The use of light-level geolocators is increasingly common for connecting breeding and nonbreeding sites and identifying migration routes in birds. Until recently, the mass and size of geolocators precluded their use on songbird species weighing <12 g. Reducing the mass of geolocators, such as by shortening or eliminating the light stalk, may make their deployment on small birds feasible, but may also inhibit their ability to receive light reliably, because small geolocators can be shaded by feathers. Here we report geolocator effects on migratory ecology of Golden-winged Warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) in Minnesota and Tennessee. We also evaluated whether stalk length influenced precision of location data for birds on the breeding grounds. At 8–10 g, Golden-winged Warblers are the smallest birds to be outfitted with geolocators to date. We found no differences in return rates, inter-annual territory fidelity, or body mass between geolocator-marked individuals and a control group of color-banded individuals. We observed no difference in return rates or variation in estimated breeding locations between birds marked with stalked geolocators and those with stalkless geolocators. Our results suggest that some small songbirds can be safely marked with geolocators. Light stalks appear to be unnecessary for Golden-winged Warblers; the added mass and drag of stalks can probably be eliminated on other small songbirds.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-14-200.1","usgsCitation":"Peterson, S.M., Streby, H.M., Kramer, G.R., Lehman, J.A., Buehler, D.A., and Andersen, D., 2015, Geolocators on Golden-winged Warblers do not affect migratory ecology: The Condor, v. 117, no. 2, p. 256-261, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-14-200.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"256","endPage":"261","ipdsId":"IP-060944","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472111,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-14-200.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340539,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59030327e4b0e862d230f743","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Sean M.","contributorId":9354,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":34539,"text":"Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13013,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Streby, Henry M.","contributorId":11024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Streby","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12455,"text":"University of Toledo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kramer, Gunnar R.","contributorId":94184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kramer","given":"Gunnar","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":34539,"text":"Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lehman, Justin A.","contributorId":166944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehman","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buehler, David A.","contributorId":169746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buehler","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Andersen, David E. 0000-0001-9535-3404 dea@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9535-3404","contributorId":2168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"David E.","email":"dea@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":34539,"text":"Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70157064,"text":"70157064 - 2015 - Comparison of three preservation techniques for slowing dissolution of calcareous nannofossils in organic rich sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T10:59:46","indexId":"70157064","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of three preservation techniques for slowing dissolution of calcareous nannofossils in organic rich sediments","docAbstract":"In an attempt to halt or reduce dissolution of calcareous nannofossils in organic and/or pyrite-rich sediments, three different methods of short-term storage preservation were tested for efficacy: vacuum packing, argon gas replacement, and buffered water. Abundance counts of calcareous nannofossil assemblages over a six month period showed that none of the three preservation methods were consistently effective in reducing assemblage loss due to dissolution. In most cases, the control slides made at the drill site had more abundant calcareous nannofossil assemblages than those slides made from sediments stored via vacuum packing, argon gas replacement, or buffered water. Thin section and XRD analyses showed that in most cases, <1% pyrite was needed to drive the oxidation-reduction reaction that resulted in dissolution, even in carbonate-rich sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","usgsCitation":"Seefelt, E., Self-Trail, J., and Schultz, A.P., 2015, Comparison of three preservation techniques for slowing dissolution of calcareous nannofossils in organic rich sediments: Micropaleontology, v. 61, no. 3, p. 149-164.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"164","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063641","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308498,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":308497,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.micropress.org/microaccess/micropaleontology/issue-315/article-1920"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.47558593749999,\n 34.52918706954935\n ],\n [\n -77.47558593749999,\n 34.68291096793206\n ],\n [\n -77.266845703125,\n 34.68291096793206\n ],\n [\n -77.266845703125,\n 34.52918706954935\n ],\n [\n -77.47558593749999,\n 34.52918706954935\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.5240478515625,\n 32.17096283641326\n ],\n [\n -81.5240478515625,\n 32.2801666335657\n ],\n [\n -81.37847900390625,\n 32.2801666335657\n ],\n [\n -81.37847900390625,\n 32.17096283641326\n ],\n [\n -81.5240478515625,\n 32.17096283641326\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.11328125,\n 38.856820134743636\n ],\n [\n -76.11328125,\n 39.06184913429154\n ],\n [\n -75.8056640625,\n 39.06184913429154\n ],\n [\n -75.8056640625,\n 38.856820134743636\n ],\n [\n -76.11328125,\n 38.856820134743636\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56051ebae4b058f706e512b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seefelt, Ellen 0000-0001-6822-7402 eseefelt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6822-7402","contributorId":2953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seefelt","given":"Ellen","email":"eseefelt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean 0000-0002-3018-4985 jstrail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-4985","contributorId":147370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schultz, Arthur P. aschultz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Arthur","email":"aschultz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70191815,"text":"70191815 - 2015 - Life-stage-specific physiology defines invasion extent of a riverine fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-18T10:54:22","indexId":"70191815","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life-stage-specific physiology defines invasion extent of a riverine fish","docAbstract":"A Sandwich Tern (Thalasseus sandvicensis sandvicensis) banded as a chick in 2002 at Coquet Island off the northeast coast of Great Britain was observed at two locations on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA, in August and September 2013. This is the first record of a banded Sandwich Tern from the United Kingdom being observed in the United States.
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The area is extensively faulted, with water-level differences exceeding 60 m across parts of the Rialto-Colton Fault separating the Rialto-Colton and Chino groundwater subbasins. Coupled well-bore flow and depth-dependent water-quality data show decreases in well yield and changes in water chemistry and isotopic composition, reflecting changing aquifer properties and groundwater recharge sources with depth. Perchlorate movement through some wells under unpumped conditions from shallower to deeper layers underlying mapped plumes was as high as 13 kg/year. Water-level maps suggest potential groundwater movement across the Rialto-Colton Fault through an overlying perched aquifer. Upward flow through a well in the Chino subbasin near the Rialto-Colton Fault suggests potential groundwater movement across the fault through permeable layers within partly consolidated deposits at depth. Although potentially important locally, movement of groundwater from the Rialto-Colton subbasin has not resulted in widespread occurrence of perchlorate within the Chino subbasin. Nitrate and perchlorate concentrations at the water table, associated with legacy agricultural fertilizer use, may be underestimated by data from long-screened wells that mix water from different depths within the aquifer.
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Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":578175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sturchio, Neil C.","contributorId":149375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sturchio","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":15289,"text":"University of Illinois, Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70157207,"text":"70157207 - 2015 - Towards a global terrestrial species monitoring program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-14T12:47:07","indexId":"70157207","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2142,"text":"Journal for Nature Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Towards a global terrestrial species monitoring program","docAbstract":"Introduction: The Convention for Biological Diversity’s (CBD) Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 envisions that “By 2050, biodiversity is valued, conserved, restored and wisely used, maintaining ecosystem services, sustaining a healthy planet and delivering benefits essential for all people.” Although 193 parties have adopted these goals, there is little infrastructure in place to monitor global biodiversity trends. Recent international conservation policy requires such data to be up-to-date, reliable, comparable among sites, relevant, and understandable; as is becoming obvious from the work plan adopted by the Intergovernmental Panel for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES: www.ipbes.net/; http://tinyurl.com/ohdnknq). In order to meet the five strategic goals of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 and its 20 accompanying Aichi Targets for 2020 (www.cbd.int/sp/targets/), advances need to be made in coordinating large-scale biodiversity monitoring and linking these with environmental data to develop a comprehensive Global Observation Network, as is the main idea behind GEOSS the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (Christian 2005)...Here we identify ten requirements important for the successful implementation of a global biodiversity monitoring network under the flag of GEO BON and especially a global terrestrial species monitoring program.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2015.03.003","usgsCitation":"Schmeller, D.S., Julliard, R., Bellingham, P.J., Böhm, M., Brummitt, N., Chiarucci, A., Couvet, D., Elmendorf, S., Forsyth, D.M., Moreno, J.G., Gregory, R., Magnusson, W.E., Martin, L.J., McGeoch, M.A., Mihoub, J., Pereira, H.M., Proença, V., van Swaay, C., Yahara, T., and Belnap, J., 2015, Towards a global terrestrial species monitoring program: Journal for Nature Conservation, v. 25, p. 51-57, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2015.03.003.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"57","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058289","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308105,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":308102,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1617138115000278"}],"volume":"25","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f7efcce4b05d6c4e4fa9a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmeller, Dirk S.","contributorId":147645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmeller","given":"Dirk","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":16875,"text":"(1)Dept of Conservation Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany;","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Julliard, Romain","contributorId":147647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Julliard","given":"Romain","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16877,"text":"Museum national Histoire Naturelle, Université Pierre-et-Marie Curie, CNRS, Cesco cp 51, 55 rue buffon 75005 Paris","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bellingham, Peter J.","contributorId":147658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bellingham","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16887,"text":"Landcare Research, PO Box 69040, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Böhm, Monika","contributorId":11095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhm","given":"Monika","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brummitt, Neil","contributorId":147648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brummitt","given":"Neil","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16878,"text":"Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London SW7 5BD, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chiarucci, Alessandro","contributorId":147649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chiarucci","given":"Alessandro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16879,"text":"BIOCONNET, BIOdiversity and CONservation NETwork, Department of Life Science, University of Siena, Via P.A. 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For the State of South Carolina, elevation data are critical for flood risk management, natural resources conservation, agriculture and precision farming, infrastructure and construction management, forest resources management, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.
\nThe National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ifsar) data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Office of Management and Budget Circular A–16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation’s natural and constructed features.
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About 2,000 feet (ft) of flat-lying to gently dipping lower Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, mostly dolomite, chert, sandstone, and orthoquartzite, overlie Mesoproterozoic igneous basement rocks. Unconsolidated residuum, colluvium, terrace deposits, and alluvium overlie the sedimentary rocks. Numerous karst features, such as caves, springs, and sinkholes, have formed in the carbonate rocks. Many streams are spring fed. The topography is a dissected karst plain with elevations ranging from approximately 830 ft where the Current River exits the middle-eastern edge of the quadrangle to about 1,320 ft in sec. 16, T. 31 N., R. 7 W., in the southwestern part of the quadrangle. The most prominent physiographic features within the quadrangle are the deeply incised valleys of the Current River and its major tributaries located in the center of the map area. The Montauk quadrangle is named for Montauk Springs, a cluster of several springs that resurge in sec. 22, T. 32 N., R. 7 W. These springs supply clean, cold water for the Montauk Fish Hatchery, and the addition of their flow to that of Pigeon Creek produces the headwaters of the Current River, the centerpiece of the Ozark National Scenic Riverways park. Most of the land in the quadrangle is privately owned and used primarily for grazing cattle and horses and growing timber. A smaller portion of the land within the quadrangle is publicly owned by either Montauk State Park or the Ozark National Scenic Riverways (National Park Service). Geologic mapping for this investigation was conducted in 2007 and 2009.
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The present study evaluated the risk of 12-h exposures of the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) to multiple life stages of the federally endangered snuffbox (Epioblasma triquetra) and its primary host fish the common logperch (Percina caprodes) as well as a surrogate to the snuffbox, the ellipse (Venustaconcha ellipsiformis). Life stages examined included free glochidia, 1-wk juveniles, and adults of the ellipse; free glochidia, glochidia on host fish, and 1-wk juveniles of the snuffbox; and adult logperch. Larval sea lampreys were also tested alongside adult ellipse and logperch for direct comparison. Survival exceeded 82% among all life stages in both mussel species at levels up to 1.8 times what would be applied during treatments, suggesting that routine sea lamprey control operations would not adversely affect mussels. However, substantial mortality of adult logperch was observed at TFM concentrations typically applied to streams, and loss of host fish could adversely affect snuffbox reproduction. In addition, TFM had no significant effect on the number of glochidia that metamorphosed on adult logperch. Although the snuffbox is not likely to be acutely affected from sea lamprey control operations, mitigation efforts to minimize impacts to the host fish should be considered.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1002/etc.2959","collaboration":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marquette Biological Station; Missouri State University","usgsCitation":"Boogaard, M.A., Newton, T., Hubert, T.D., Kaye, C., and Barnhart, M.C., 2015, Evaluation of the short term 12 hour toxicity of 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) to multiple life stages of Venustaconcha ellipsiformis and Epioblasma triquetra and its host fish (Percina caprodes): Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 34, no. 7, p. 1634-1641, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2959.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1634","endPage":"1641","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059475","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318513,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d81cc6e4b015c306f62bfa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boogaard, Michael A. 0000-0002-5192-8437 mboogaard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-8437","contributorId":865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boogaard","given":"Michael","email":"mboogaard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newton, Teresa 0000-0001-9351-5852 tnewton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-5852","contributorId":150098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Teresa","email":"tnewton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hubert, Terrance D. 0000-0001-9712-1738 thubert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9712-1738","contributorId":3036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"Terrance","email":"thubert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kaye, Cheryl","contributorId":167292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaye","given":"Cheryl","affiliations":[{"id":6599,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marquette Biological Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barnhart, M. Christopher","contributorId":167293,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnhart","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":16806,"text":"Missouri State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70147398,"text":"70147398 - 2015 - Icefield-to-ocean linkages across the northern Pacific coastal temperate rainforest ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-07T18:04:47","indexId":"70147398","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Icefield-to-ocean linkages across the northern Pacific coastal temperate rainforest ecosystem","docAbstract":"Rates of glacier mass loss in the northern Pacific coastal temperate rainforest (PCTR) are among the highest on Earth, and changes in glacier volume and extent will affect the flow regime and chemistry of coastal rivers, as well as the nearshore marine ecosystem of the Gulf of Alaska. Here we synthesize physical, chemical and biological linkages that characterize the northern PCTR ecosystem, with particular emphasis on the potential impacts of glacier change in the coastal mountain ranges on the surface–water hydrology, biogeochemistry, coastal oceanography and aquatic ecology. We also evaluate the relative importance and interplay between interannual variability and long-term trends in key physical drivers and ecological responses. To advance our knowledge of the northern PCTR, we advocate for cross-disciplinary research bridging the icefield-to-ocean ecosystem that can be paired with long-term scientific records and designed to inform decisionmakers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Biological Sciences","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biv027","usgsCitation":"O’Neel, S., Hood, E., Bidlack, A.L., Fleming, S.W., Arimitsu, M.L., Arendt, A., Burgess, E.W., Sergeant, C.J., Beaudreau, A., Timm, K., Hayward, G., Reynolds, J.H., and Pyare, S., 2015, Icefield-to-ocean linkages across the northern Pacific coastal temperate rainforest ecosystem: BioScience, v. 65, no. 5, p. 499-512, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biv027.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"499","endPage":"512","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056781","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biv027","text":"Publisher Index 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It has been steadily advancing since it was first mapped in 1895; occasionally, the advance creates an ice or sediment dam that blocks a tributary fjord (Russell Fiord). The sustained advance raises the probability of long-term closure in the near-future, which will strongly impact the ecosystem of Russell Fiord and the nearby community of Yakutat. Here, we examine a 43-year record of flow speeds and terminus position to understand the large-scale dynamics of Hubbard Glacier. Our long-term record shows that the rate of terminus advance has increased slightly since 1895, with the exception of a slowed advance between approximately 1972 and 1984. The short-lived closure events in 1986 and 2002 were not initiated by perturbations in ice velocity or environmental forcings, but were likely due to fluctuations in sedimentation patterns at the terminus. This study points to the significance of a coupled system where short-term velocity fluctuations and morainal shoal development control tidewater glacier terminus position.
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Because drinking water can be a major source of arsenic to pregnant women, the effect of arsenic exposure through drinking water on human birth may be revealed by a geospatial association between arsenic concentration in groundwater and birth problems, particularly in a region where private wells substantially account for water supply, like New Hampshire, USA. We calculated town-level rates of preterm birth and term low birth weight (term LBW) for New Hampshire, by using data for 1997–2009 stratified by maternal age. We smoothed the rates by using a locally weighted averaging method to increase the statistical stability. The town-level groundwater arsenic probability values are from three GIS data layers generated by the US Geological Survey: probability of local groundwater arsenic concentration >1 µg/L, probability >5 µg/L, and probability >10 µg/L. We calculated Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) between the reproductive outcomes (preterm birth and term LBW) and the arsenic probability values, at both state and county levels. For preterm birth, younger mothers (maternal age <20) have a statewider = 0.70 between the rates smoothed with a threshold = 2,000 births and the town mean arsenic level based on the data of probability >10 µg/L; for older mothers, r = 0.19 when the smoothing threshold = 3,500; a majority of county level r values are positive based on the arsenic data of probability >10 µg/L. For term LBW, younger mothers (maternal age <25) have a statewide r = 0.44 between the rates smoothed with a threshold = 3,500 and town minimum arsenic concentration based on the data of probability >1 µg/L; for older mothers, r = 0.14 when the rates are smoothed with a threshold = 1,000 births and also adjusted by town median household income in 1999, and the arsenic values are the town minimum based on probability >10 µg/L. At the county level for younger mothers, positive r values prevail, but for older mothers, it is a mix. For both birth problems, the several most populous counties—with 60–80% of the state’s population and clustering at the southwest corner of the state—are largely consistent in having a positive r across different smoothing thresholds. We found evident spatial associations between the two adverse human reproductive outcomes and groundwater arsenic in New Hampshire, USA. However, the degree of associations and their sensitivity to different representations of arsenic level are variable. Generally, preterm birth has a stronger spatial association with groundwater arsenic than term LBW, suggesting an inconsistency in the impact of arsenic on the two reproductive outcomes. For both outcomes, younger maternal age has stronger spatial associations with groundwater arsenic.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1007/s10653-014-9651-2","usgsCitation":"Shi, X., Ayotte, J.D., Onda, A., Miller, S., Rees, J., Gilbert-Diamond, D., Onega, T.L., Gui, J., Karagas, M.R., and Moeschler, J.B., 2015, Geospatial association between adverse birth outcomes and arsenic in groundwater in New Hampshire, USA: Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 37, no. 2, p. 333-351, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-014-9651-2.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"351","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045872","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4425200","text":"External 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appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-13T12:40:21","indexId":"70146133","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid growth and genetic diversity retention in an isolated reintroduced black bear population in the central appalachians","docAbstract":"Animal reintroductions are important tools of wildlife management to restore species to their historical range, and they can also create unique opportunities to study population dynamics and genetics from founder events. We used non-invasive hair sampling in a systematic, closed-population capture-mark-recapture (CMR) study design at the Big South Fork (BSF) area in Kentucky during 2010 and Tennessee during 2012 to estimate the demographic and genetic characteristics of the black bear (Ursus americanus) population that resulted from a reintroduced founding population of 18 bears in 1998. We estimated 38 (95% CI: 31–66) and 190 (95% CI: 170–219) bears on the Kentucky and Tennessee study areas, respectively. Based on the Tennessee abundance estimate alone, the mean annual growth rate was 18.3% (95% CI: 17.4–19.5%) from 1998 to 2012. We also compared the genetic characteristics of bears sampled during 2010–2012 to bears in the population during 2000–2002, 2–4 years following reintroduction, and to the source population. We found that the level of genetic diversity since reintroduction as indicated by expected heterozygosity (HE) remained relatively constant (HE(source, 2004) = 0.763, HE(BSF, 2000–2002) = 0.729, HE(BSF, 2010–2012) = 0.712) and the effective number of breeders (NB) remained low but had increased since reintroduction in the absence of sufficient immigration (NB(BSF, 2000–2002) = 12, NB(BSF, 2010–2012) = 35). This bear population appears to be genetically isolated, but contrary to our expectations, we did not find evidence of genetic diversity loss or other deleterious genetic effects typically observed from small founder groups. We attribute that to high initial genetic diversity in the founder group combined with overlapping generations and rapid population growth. Although the population remains relatively small, the reintroduction using a small founder group appears to be demographically and genetically sustainable.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.886","usgsCitation":"Murphy, S.M., Cox, J., Clark, J.D., Augustine, B.J., Hast, J.T., Gibbs, D., Strunk, M., and Dobey, S., 2015, Rapid growth and genetic diversity retention in an isolated reintroduced black bear population in the central appalachians: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 5, p. 807-818, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.886.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"807","endPage":"818","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064422","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.7705078125,\n 36.10237644873644\n ],\n [\n -84.7705078125,\n 36.94440418245903\n ],\n [\n -84.04678344726562,\n 36.94440418245903\n ],\n [\n -84.04678344726562,\n 36.10237644873644\n ],\n [\n -84.7705078125,\n 36.10237644873644\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a32e4b00162522207e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, Sean M.","contributorId":140195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cox, John J.","contributorId":140196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cox","given":"John J.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, Joseph D. 0000-0002-8547-8112 jclark1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8547-8112","contributorId":2265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Joseph","email":"jclark1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Augustine, Benjamin J.","contributorId":140198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augustine","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hast, John T.","contributorId":140197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hast","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gibbs, Dan","contributorId":140199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13408,"text":"Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Strunk, Michael","contributorId":140200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strunk","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13409,"text":"Kentucky Department of Fish & Wildlife Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dobey, Steven","contributorId":140201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dobey","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13409,"text":"Kentucky Department of Fish & Wildlife Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70147328,"text":"70147328 - 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We tested stream water and sediment over 25 days and downstream for 7.6 km for: fecal indicator bacteria (FIB); the fecal indicator chemicals cholesterol and coprostanol; 20 genes for zoonotic and swine-specific bacterial pathogens by presence/absence polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for viable cells; one swine-specific Escherichia coli toxin gene (STII) by quantitative PCR (qPCR); and nine human and animal viruses by qPCR, or reverse-transcriptase qPCR. Twelve days post-spill, and 4.2 km downstream, water concentrations of FIB, cholesterol, and coprostanol were 1-2 orders of magnitude greater than those detected before, or above, the spill, and genes indicating viable zoonotic or swine-infectious Escherichia coli, were detected in water or sediment. STII increased from undetectable before, or above the spill, to 105 copies/100 mL water 12 days post-spill. Thirteen of 14 water (8/9 sediment) samples had viable STII-carrying cells post-spill. Eighteen days post-spill porcine adenovirus and teschovirus were detected 5.6 km downstream. Sediment FIB concentrations (per gram wet weight) were greater than in water, and sediment was a continuous reservoir of genes and chemicals post-spill. Constituent concentrations were much lower, and detections less frequent, in a runoff event (200 days post-spill) following manure application, although the swine-associated STII and stx2e genes were detected. Manure spills are an underappreciated pathway for livestock-derived contaminants to enter streams, with persistent environmental outcomes, and the potential for human and veterinary health consequences.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.04195-14","usgsCitation":"Haack, S.K., Duris, J.W., Kolpin, D.W., Fogarty, L.R., Johnson, H., Gibson, K.E., Focazio, M.J., Schwab, K.J., Hubbard, L.E., and Foreman, W., 2015, Genes indicative of zoonotic and swine pathogens are persistent in stream water and sediment following a swine manure spill: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 81, no. 10, p. 3430-3441, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.04195-14.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"3430","endPage":"3441","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059122","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.04195-14","text":"External 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The purpose of the implicit numerical method presented here is to allow large time steps without sacrificing model stability compared to explicit approaches, and thereby improve computational efficiency. The model uses a Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov solver to compute the solution to the governing equations, i.e. the shoreline position. The model is validated against an analytical solution for alongshore shoreline diffusion. The model is applied to simulate a decade of observed shoreline change at Ocean Beach (2004-2014). When wave transformation is included (implemented via SWAN and a look-up table) there is a 100% increase in the number of profiles where erosion or accretion is correctly predicted.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The proceedings of the coastal sediments 2015","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Coastal Sediments 2015","conferenceDate":"May 11-15, 2015","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"World Scientific","doi":"10.1142/9789814689977_0215","usgsCitation":"Vitousek, S., and Barnard, P., 2015, A nonlinear, implicit one-line model to predict long-term shoreline change, in The proceedings of the coastal sediments 2015, San Diego, CA, May 11-15, 2015, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814689977_0215.","productDescription":"12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-064826","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382177,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vitousek, Sean 0000-0002-3369-4673 svitousek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3369-4673","contributorId":149065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vitousek","given":"Sean","email":"svitousek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":147147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70147340,"text":"70147340 - 2015 - Precise interpolar phasing of abrupt climate change during the last ice age","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T13:00:59","indexId":"70147340","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precise interpolar phasing of abrupt climate change during the last ice age","docAbstract":"The last glacial period exhibited abrupt Dansgaard–Oeschger climatic oscillations, evidence of which is preserved in a variety of Northern Hemisphere palaeoclimate archives1. Ice cores show that Antarctica cooled during the warm phases of the Greenland Dansgaard–Oeschger cycle and vice versa2, 3, suggesting an interhemispheric redistribution of heat through a mechanism called the bipolar seesaw4, 5, 6. Variations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) strength are thought to have been important, but much uncertainty remains regarding the dynamics and trigger of these abrupt events7, 8, 9. Key information is contained in the relative phasing of hemispheric climate variations, yet the large, poorly constrained difference between gas age and ice age and the relatively low resolution of methane records from Antarctic ice cores have so far precluded methane-based synchronization at the required sub-centennial precision2, 3,10. Here we use a recently drilled high-accumulation Antarctic ice core to show that, on average, abrupt Greenland warming leads the corresponding Antarctic cooling onset by 218 ± 92 years (2σ) for Dansgaard–Oeschger events, including the Bølling event; Greenland cooling leads the corresponding onset of Antarctic warming by 208 ± 96 years. Our results demonstrate a north-to-south directionality of the abrupt climatic signal, which is propagated to the Southern Hemisphere high latitudes by oceanic rather than atmospheric processes. The similar interpolar phasing of warming and cooling transitions suggests that the transfer time of the climatic signal is independent of the AMOC background state. Our findings confirm a central role for ocean circulation in the bipolar seesaw and provide clear criteria for assessing hypotheses and model simulations of Dansgaard–Oeschger dynamics.
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The U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center processed these data, and this report provides the data in a number of different formats in addition to a set of map sheets. The data catalog provides the new bathymetry and acoustic-backscatter data, collected mainly in the Gulf of Santa Catalina and San Diego Trough, as well as this new bathymetry data merged with other publicly available bathymetry data from the region. Sheet 1 displays a colored shaded-relief bathymetry map of the Inner Continental Borderland generated from the merged bathymetry data. Sheet 2 displays the new acoustic-backscatter data along with other available backscatter data in the region. Sheet 3 displays selected perspective views of the bathymetry data highlighting submarine canyon and channel systems, knolls, and tectonic features.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3324","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Scripps Institution of Oceanography","usgsCitation":"Dartnell, P., Driscoll, N.W., Brothers, D., Conrad, J.E., Kluesner, J., Kent, G., and Andrews, B., 2015, Colored shaded-relief bathymetry, acoustic backscatter, and selected perspective views of the Inner Continental Borderland, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3324, 3 Sheets: 29.74 x 34.17 inches or smaller; Data Catalog, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3324.","productDescription":"3 Sheets: 29.74 x 34.17 inches or smaller; Data Catalog","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058299","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science 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2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-04T09:24:56","indexId":"ofr20151074","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1074","title":"U.S. Geological Survey quality-assurance plan for surface-water activities in Kansas, 2015","docAbstract":"This Surface Water Quality-Assurance Plan documents the standards, policies, and procedures used by the Kansas Water Science Center (KSWSC) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for activities related to the collection, processing, storage, analysis, and publication of surface-water data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151074","usgsCitation":"Painter, C.C., and Loving, B.L., 2015, U.S. Geological Survey quality-assurance plan for surface-water activities in Kansas, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1074, vii, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151074.","productDescription":"vii, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2015-01-01","ipdsId":"IP-062879","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151074.jpg"},{"id":299974,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1074/pdf/ofr2015-1074.pdf","text":"Report","size":"420 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":299969,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1074/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.052001953125,\n 40.002371935876475\n ],\n [\n -102.0465087890625,\n 36.98939086733937\n ],\n [\n -94.61975097656249,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -94.6087646484375,\n 39.11301365149975\n ],\n [\n -94.5867919921875,\n 39.15988184949157\n ],\n [\n -94.82574462890625,\n 39.232253141714885\n ],\n [\n -94.888916015625,\n 39.39375459224348\n ],\n [\n -95.11138916015624,\n 39.54005788576377\n ],\n [\n -94.85733032226562,\n 39.75365697136308\n ],\n [\n -94.93148803710936,\n 39.89393354266699\n ],\n [\n -95.152587890625,\n 39.905522539728544\n ],\n [\n -95.31463623046875,\n 40.002371935876475\n ],\n [\n -102.052001953125,\n 40.002371935876475\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55434424e4b0a658d7941472","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Painter, Colin C. 0000-0002-9469-5987 cpainter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9469-5987","contributorId":5597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Painter","given":"Colin","email":"cpainter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loving, Brian L. bloving@usgs.gov","contributorId":4565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loving","given":"Brian","email":"bloving@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":545859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189143,"text":"70189143 - 2015 - Focused exhumation along megathrust splay faults in Prince William Sound, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-03T21:52:48.299759","indexId":"70189143","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Focused exhumation along megathrust splay faults in Prince William Sound, Alaska","docAbstract":"Megathrust splay faults are a common feature of accretionary prisms and can be important for generating tsunamis during some subduction zone earthquakes. Here we provide new evidence from Alaska that megathrust splay faults have been conduits for focused exhumation in the last 5 Ma. In most of central Prince William Sound, published and new low-temperature thermochronology data indicate little to no permanent rock uplift over tens of thousands of earthquake cycles. However, in southern Prince William Sound on Montague Island, apatite (U–Th)/He ages are as young as 1.1 Ma indicating focused and rapid rock uplift. Montague Island lies in the hanging wall of the Patton Bay megathrust splay fault system, which ruptured during the 1964 M9.2 earthquake and produced ∼9 m of vertical uplift. Recent geochronology and thermochronology studies show rapid exhumation within the last 5 Ma in a pattern similar to the coseismic uplift in the 1964 earthquake, demonstrating that splay fault slip is a long term (3–5 my) phenomena. The region of slower exhumation correlates with rocks that are older and metamorphosed and constitute a mechanically strong backstop. The region of rapid exhumation consists of much younger and weakly metamorphosed rocks, which we infer are mechanically weak. The region of rapid exhumation is separated from the region of slow exhumation by the newly identified Montague Strait Fault. New sparker high-resolution bathymetry, seismic reflection profiles, and a 2012 Mw4.8 earthquake show this feature as a 75-km-long high-angle active normal fault. There are numerous smaller active normal(?) faults in the region between the Montague Strait Fault and the splay faults. We interpret this hanging wall extension as developing between the rapidly uplifting sliver of younger and weaker rocks on Montague Island from the essentially fixed region to the north. Deep seismic reflection profiles show the splay faults root into the subduction megathrust where there is probable underplating. Thus the exhumation and extension in the hanging wall are likely driven by underplating along the megathrust décollement, thickening in the overriding plate and a change in rheology at the Montague Strait Fault to form a structural backstop. A comparison with other megathrust splay faults around the world shows they have significant variability in their characteristics, and the conditions for their formation are not particularly unique.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.013","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., Armstrong, P., Liberty, L.M., Ferguson, K.M., Finn, S., Arkle, J.C., and Pratt, T.L., 2015, Focused exhumation along megathrust splay faults in Prince William Sound, Alaska: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 113, p. 8-22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.013.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"22","ipdsId":"IP-060463","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472128,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343271,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148,\n 60.75\n ],\n [\n -148,\n 59.8750\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 59.8750\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 60.75\n ],\n [\n -148,\n 60.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"113","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595b579ae4b0d1f9f0536dce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Armstrong, Phillip A","contributorId":169931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Phillip A","affiliations":[{"id":25628,"text":"Geological Sciences, California State University Fullerton","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liberty, Lee M","contributorId":194078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liberty","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferguson, Kelly M","contributorId":169930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferguson","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":25628,"text":"Geological Sciences, California State University Fullerton","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finn, Shaun P","contributorId":194079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finn","given":"Shaun P","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arkle, Jeannette C","contributorId":194080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arkle","given":"Jeannette","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pratt, Thomas L. 0000-0003-3131-3141 tpratt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-3141","contributorId":3279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thomas","email":"tpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70144354,"text":"sir20155047 - 2015 - Simulating hydrologic response to climate change scenarios in four selected watersheds of New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-29T15:24:04","indexId":"sir20155047","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-29T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5047","title":"Simulating hydrologic response to climate change scenarios in four selected watersheds of New Hampshire","docAbstract":"The State of New Hampshire has initiated a coordinated effort to proactively prepare for the effects of climate change on the natural and human resources of New Hampshire. An important aspect of this effort is to develop a vulnerability assessment of hydrologic response to climate change. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, is developing tools to predict how projected changes in temperature and precipitation will affect change in the hydrology of watersheds in the State. This study is a test case to assemble the information and create the tools to assess the hydrologic vulnerabilities in four specific watersheds.
\nThe study uses output from general circulation models to drive hydrologic simulations of streamflow, groundwater base flow (hereafter referred to as base flow), and snowfall in four representative watersheds in New Hampshire during the 21st century, including the watersheds of the Ashuelot, Oyster, Pemigewasset, and Souhegan Rivers. Simulations show that on average, relative to current conditions, streamflow is likely to increase and base flow is likely to decrease, although this change is highly variable by geographic location and season. Streamflow variability will likely increase, with more high streamflows and more low streamflows. The largest increases in streamflow are in the winter, with small decreases in summer. Change in base flow varies across the State with the largest change in the northern Pemigewasset River watershed. Changes in snowfall are consistently decreasing for all watersheds on average, with the largest change also in the Pemigewasset. However, monthly snowfall totals during any given winter could be higher in the future than expected under current conditions.
\nIncreasing frequency of floods (the largest seven floods expected to occur in 20 years) could be more significant than the size of the floods, except in the northern high altitude watersheds. In other words, the projections indicate a pattern of multiple floods that might not breach the riverbanks, yet the increased frequency could put additional strain on the existing river banks, infrastructure, and nearby human settlements. There is also likely to be an increase in high flows during the winter and spring months, which could result in more uncertainty in planning for the design, operation, and maintenance of infrastructure, including roads and utilities. Similarly, it is expected that, on average, there will be less base flow available and a wider range of seasonal fluctuation in base flow than experienced historically. These issues could necessitate more attention to planning and management of the resource. Based on past experience, the most important effects of climate change could be less certain planning options and a greater need for planning that accounts for the effects of larger streamflows than are currently available.
\nThe effects of hydrologic change on human health and well-being could be most readily apparent with respect to changes in streamflow and the subsequent increase in the frequency of minor flooding and the frequency of summer and fall low streamflows. These changes could require the development of plans to adapt, protect, and upgrade infrastructure, such as bridges, culverts, roads, and other structures. The precipitation runoff modeling shows that rivers and watersheds in New Hampshire will likely change in response to climate change, and that this response varies with season and latitude. Although four representative areas were simulated in this study, additional models could be used to predict the response over the entire State.
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\nStudies on the spatial ecology of invasive species provide critical information for conservation managers such as habitat preferences and identification of native species at risk of predation. To understand the spatial ecology of non-native Burmese pythons (Python molurus bivittatus), now well-established in Everglades National Park and much of South Florida USA, we radio-tracked 19 wild-caught adult pythons, 16 with VHF tags during 2006 through 2009 and 3 by GPS tags between 2010 and 2011. Our goal was to identify individual core-use areas and quantify home ranges, as well as to explore correlations of python movements with environmental parameters such as the presence of surface water.
\nResults
\nRadio-tracking periods ranged from 87 to 697 days for snakes with VHF tags, with a total of 5,119 tracking days (mean ± 1 SD = 319.9 ± 184.3 days); GPS tracking periods ranged from 12 to 93 days, with a total of 146 tracking days (mean ± 1 SD = 48.7 ± 40.7 days). We observed mean individual radio-tracked python home ranges of 22.5 km2 (2250 ha) with overall low site fidelity; all home ranges were within the park boundary. Python core-use areas included slough and coastal habitat types, and we delineated 18 common-use areas (that is, areas where individual core-use areas spatially overlapped). Tree islands were a principal feature of common-use areas, even if they were not the predominant habitat type. Multiple common-use areas were in proximity to roads. The longest movements of individual pythons correlated well with presence of surface water, and occurred during both wet and dry seasons.
\nConclusions
\nHigh-use areas determined from python habitat-use and movement data may be optimal locations for targeted control efforts and further studies on impacts to native fauna.
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