Coastal regions of Alaska are regularly affected by intense storms of ocean origin, the frequency and intensity of which are expected to increase as a result of global climate change. The Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD), situated in western Alaska on the eastern edge of the Bering Sea, is one of the largest deltaic systems in North America. Its low relief makes it especially susceptible to storm-driven flood tides and increases in sea level. Little information exists on the extent of flooding caused by storm surges in western Alaska and its effects on salinization, shoreline erosion, permafrost thaw, vegetation, wildlife, and the subsistence-based economy. In this paper, we summarize storm flooding events in the Bering Sea region of western Alaska during 1913 – 2011 and map both the extent of inland flooding caused by autumn storms on the central YKD, using Radarsat-1 and MODIS satellite imagery, and the drift lines, using high-resolution IKONOS satellite imagery and field surveys. The largest storm surges occurred in autumn and were associated with high tides and strong (> 65 km hr-1) southwest winds. Maximum inland extent of flooding from storm surges was 30.3 km in 2005, 27.4 km in 2006, and 32.3 km in 2011, with total flood area covering 47.1%, 32.5%, and 39.4% of the 6730 km2 study area, respectively. Peak stages for the 2005 and 2011 storms were 3.1 m and 3.3 m above mean sea level, respectively—almost as high as the 3.5 m amsl elevation estimated for the largest storm observed (in November 1974). Several historically abandoned village sites lie within the area of inundation of the largest flood events. With projected sea level rise, large storms are expected to become more frequent and cover larger areas, with deleterious effects on freshwater ponds, non-saline habitats, permafrost, and landscapes used by nesting birds and local people.
","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic4403","usgsCitation":"Terenzi, J., Ely, C.R., and Jorgenson, M., 2014, Storm-surge flooding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska: Arctic, v. 67, no. 3, p. 360-374, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4403.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"360","endPage":"374","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049144","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472591,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4403","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.328125,\n 71.63599288330606\n ],\n [\n -141.6796875,\n 58.81374171570782\n ],\n [\n -178.2421875,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -165.76171875,\n 71.69129271863999\n ],\n [\n -141.328125,\n 71.63599288330606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5480261ce4b0ac64d148dce0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Terenzi, John jterenzi@usgs.gov","contributorId":5085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terenzi","given":"John","email":"jterenzi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jorgenson, M. Torre","contributorId":34848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M. Torre","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70134575,"text":"70134575 - 2014 - Occupancy of yellow-billed and Pacific loons: evidence for interspecific competition and habitat mediated co-occurrence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-03T16:16:55","indexId":"70134575","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occupancy of yellow-billed and Pacific loons: evidence for interspecific competition and habitat mediated co-occurrence","docAbstract":"Interspecific competition is an important process structuring ecological communities, however, it is difficult to observe in nature. We used an occupancy modelling approach to evaluate evidence of competition between yellow-billed (Gavia adamsii) and Pacific (G. pacifica) loons for nesting lakes on the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska. With multiple years of data and survey platforms, we estimated dynamic occupancy states (e.g. rates of colonization or extinction from individual lakes) and controlled for detection differences among aircraft platforms and ground survey crews. Results indicated that yellow-billed loons were strong competitors and negatively influenced the occupancy of Pacific loons by excluding them from potential breeding lakes. Pacific loon occupancy was conditional on the presence of yellow-billed loons, with Pacific loons having almost a tenfold decrease in occupancy probability when yellow-billed loons were present and a threefold decrease in colonization probability when yellow-billed loons were present in the current or previous year. Yellow-billed and Pacific loons co-occurred less than expected by chance except on very large lakes or lakes with convoluted shorelines; variables which may decrease the cost of maintaining a territory in the presence of the other species. These results imply the existence of interspecific competition between yellow-billed and Pacific loons for nesting lakes; however, habitat characteristics which facilitate visual and spatial separation of territories can reduce competitive interactions and promote species co-occurrence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jav.00394","usgsCitation":"Haynes, T.B., Schmutz, J.A., Lindberg, M., Wright, K., Uher-Koch, B.D., and Rosenberger, A.E., 2014, Occupancy of yellow-billed and Pacific loons: evidence for interspecific competition and habitat mediated co-occurrence: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 45, no. 3, p. 296-304, https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.00394.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"296","endPage":"304","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053023","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296412,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.328125,\n 71.63599288330606\n ],\n [\n -141.6796875,\n 58.81374171570782\n ],\n [\n -178.2421875,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -165.76171875,\n 71.69129271863999\n ],\n [\n -141.328125,\n 71.63599288330606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5480261be4b0ac64d148dcda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haynes, Trevor B.","contributorId":100302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haynes","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindberg, Mark S.","contributorId":89466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"Mark S.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, Kenneth G.","contributorId":127672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Kenneth G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Uher-Koch, Brian D. 0000-0002-1885-0260 buher-koch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1885-0260","contributorId":5117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uher-Koch","given":"Brian","email":"buher-koch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosenberger, Amanda E. 0000-0002-5520-8349 arosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-8349","contributorId":5581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Amanda","email":"arosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70134600,"text":"70134600 - 2014 - Size and retention of breeding territories of yellow-billed loons in Alaska and Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-03T12:01:33","indexId":"70134600","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Size and retention of breeding territories of yellow-billed loons in Alaska and Canada","docAbstract":"Yellow-billed Loons (Gavia adamsii) breed in lakes in the treeless Arctic and are globally rare. Like their sister taxa, the well-documented Common Loon (G. immer) of the boreal forest, Yellow-billed Loons exhibit strong territorial behavior during the breeding season. Little is known about what size territories are required, however, or how readily territories are retained from year to year. An understanding of territory dynamics and size is needed by management agencies as most of the U.S. breeding population of Yellow-billed Loons resides in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska where oil and gas development is expected to increase in the next few decades. Using locational data from a set of Yellow-billed Loons marked with satellite transmitters, we quantified an index of territory radius for each of three breeding populations: two in Alaska and one in Canada. The mean territory radius was 0.42 km for Yellow-billed Loons summering on lakes within the Seward Peninsula in northwest Alaska, 0.69 km for Yellow-billed Loons within the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska (encompasses the National Petroleum Reserve), and 0.96 km for Yellow-billed Loons within Daring Lake in mainland Canada. In this study, the mean territory radius on the Arctic Coastal Plain was about half the distance identified in stipulations for industrial development in the National Petroleum Reserve. The range in territory size among areas corresponded to a gradient in size of lakes used by Yellow-billed Loons with territories at the two Alaska sites on lakes averaging < 200 ha while territories in Canada were generally on much larger lakes. In the year after capture, 71% of Yellow-billed Loons retained territories that were held the previous year. Most Yellow-billed Loons that lost their territories wandered over a large area within 6 km of their prior territory. No Yellow-billed Loons occupied new territories, though one reacquired its prior territory after a 1-year hiatus. Retention of a territory in a subsequent year was positively related to early arrival dates at the breeding site. For Yellow-billed Loons on the Arctic Coastal Plain, this relationship was quite strong with a week lag in arrival decreasing the probability of retaining a territory by 80%. These collective observations, in combination with theoretical studies of population regulation by floaters (non-territorial birds), suggest that lake habitat suitable for breeding Yellow-billed Loons may currently limit population size in this species.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.037.sp108","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., Wright, K., DeSorbo, C.R., Fair, J., Evers, D.C., Uher-Koch, B.D., and Mulcahy, D.M., 2014, Size and retention of breeding territories of yellow-billed loons in Alaska and Canada: Waterbirds, v. 37, no. 1, p. 53-63, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.037.sp108.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"63","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045992","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296410,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.328125,\n 71.63599288330606\n ],\n [\n -141.6796875,\n 58.81374171570782\n ],\n [\n -178.2421875,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -165.76171875,\n 71.69129271863999\n ],\n [\n -141.328125,\n 71.63599288330606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.90625,\n 66.23145747862573\n ],\n [\n -109.6875,\n 66.26685631430843\n ],\n [\n -109.423828125,\n 63.97596090918338\n ],\n [\n -113.99414062499999,\n 64.24459476798192\n ],\n [\n -113.90625,\n 66.23145747862573\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5480261ce4b0ac64d148dcde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Kenneth G.","contributorId":127672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Kenneth G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeSorbo, Christopher R.","contributorId":127667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeSorbo","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fair, Jeff","contributorId":127668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fair","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Evers, David C.","contributorId":96160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evers","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Uher-Koch, Brian D. 0000-0002-1885-0260 buher-koch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1885-0260","contributorId":5117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uher-Koch","given":"Brian","email":"buher-koch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mulcahy, Daniel M. dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70133853,"text":"70133853 - 2014 - Crisis crowdsourcing framework: designing strategic configurations of crowdsourcing for the emergency management domain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-05T10:51:07","indexId":"70133853","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3827,"text":"Computer Supported Cooperative Work","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crisis crowdsourcing framework: designing strategic configurations of crowdsourcing for the emergency management domain","docAbstract":"Crowdsourcing is not a new practice but it is a concept that has gained significant attention during recent disasters. Drawing from previous work in the crisis informatics, disaster sociology, and computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) literature, the paper first explains recent conceptualizations of crowdsourcing and how crowdsourcing is a way of leveraging disaster convergence. The CSCW concept of “articulation work” is introduced as an interpretive frame for extracting the salient dimensions of “crisis crowdsourcing.” Then, a series of vignettes are presented to illustrate the evolution of crisis crowdsourcing that spontaneously emerged after the 2010 Haiti earthquake and evolved to more established forms of public engagement during crises. The best practices extracted from the vignettes clarified the efforts to formalize crisis crowdsourcing through the development of innovative interfaces designed to support the articulation work needed to facilitate spontaneous volunteer efforts. Extracting these best practices led to the development of a conceptual framework that unpacks the key dimensions of crisis crowdsourcing. The Crisis Crowdsourcing Framework is a systematic, problem-driven approach to determining the why, who, what, when, where, and how aspects of a crowdsourcing system. The framework also draws attention to the social, technological, organizational, and policy (STOP) interfaces that need to be designed to manage the articulation work involved with reducing the complexity of coordinating across these key dimensions. An example of how to apply the framework to design a crowdsourcing system is offered with with a discussion on the implications for applying this framework as well as the limitations of this framework. Innovation is occurring at the social, technological, organizational, and policy interfaces enabling crowdsourcing to be operationalized and integrated into official products and services.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10606-014-9204-3","usgsCitation":"Liu, S., 2014, Crisis crowdsourcing framework: designing strategic configurations of crowdsourcing for the emergency management domain: Computer Supported Cooperative Work, v. 23, no. 4-6, p. 389-443, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10606-014-9204-3.","productDescription":"55 p.","startPage":"389","endPage":"443","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052851","costCenters":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296460,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5482e543e4b0aa6d77852ffd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, Sophia B. sophialiu@usgs.gov","contributorId":4816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Sophia B.","email":"sophialiu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70134602,"text":"70134602 - 2014 - Historic and contemporary mercury exposure and potential risk to yellow-billed loons (Gavia adamsii) breeding in Alaska and Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T11:51:55","indexId":"70134602","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Historic and contemporary mercury exposure and potential risk to yellow-billed loons (Gavia adamsii) breeding in Alaska and Canada","docAbstract":"The Yellow-billed Loon (Gavia adamsii) is one of the rarest breeding birds in North America. Because of the small population size and patchy distribution, any stressor to its population is of concern. To determine risks posed by environmental mercury (Hg) loads, we captured 115 Yellow-billed Loons between 2002 and 2012 in the North American Arctic and sampled their blood and/or feather tissues and collected nine eggs. Museum samples from Yellow-billed Loons also were analyzed to examine potential changes in Hg exposure over time. An extensive database of published Hg concentrations and associated adverse effects in Common Loons (G. immer) is highly informative and representative for Yellow-billed Loons. Blood Hg concentrations reflect dietary uptake of methylmercury (MeHg) from breeding areas and are generally considered near background levels if less than 1.0 µg/g wet weight (ww). Feather (grown at wintering sites) and egg Hg concentrations can represent a mix of breeding and wintering dietary uptake of MeHg. Based on Common Loon studies, significant risk of reduced reproductive success generally occurs when adult Hg concentrations exceed 2.0 µg/g ww in blood, 20.0 µg/g fresh weight (fw) in flight feathers and 1.0 µg/g ww in eggs. Contemporary mercury concentrations for 176 total samples (across all study sites for 115 Yellow-billed Loons) ranged from 0.08 to 1.45 µg/g ww in blood, 3.0 to 24.9 µg/g fw in feathers and 0.21 to 1.23 µg/g ww in eggs. Mercury concentrations in blood, feather and egg tissues indicate that some individual Yellow-billed Loons in breeding populations across North America are at risk of lowered productivity resulting from Hg exposure. Most Yellow-billed Loons breeding in Alaska overwinter in marine waters of eastern Asia. Although blood Hg concentrations from most breeding loons in Alaska are within background levels, some individuals exhibit elevated feather and egg Hg concentrations, which likely indicate the uptake of MeHg originating from eastern Asia. Feather Hg concentrations tended to be highest in individuals overwintering farthest west (closer to Asia). A retrospective analysis of museum specimens (n = 25) found a two-fold increase in Yellow-billed Loon feather Hg concentrations from the pre-1920s (as early as 1845) to the present. The projected increase in Hg deposition (approximately four-fold by 2050) along with the uncertainty of Hg being released through the thawing of permafrost and Arctic sea ice suggest that Hg body burdens in Yellow-billed Loons may increase. These findings indicate that Hg is a current and potentially increasing environmental stressor for the Yellow-billed Loon and possibly other Nearctic-Palearctic migrant birds.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.037.sp117","usgsCitation":"Evers, D.C., Schmutz, J.A., Basu, N., DeSorbo, C.R., Fair, J., Gray, C., Paruk, J.D., Perkins, M., Regan, K., Uher-Koch, B.D., and Wright, K., 2014, Historic and contemporary mercury exposure and potential risk to yellow-billed loons (Gavia adamsii) breeding in Alaska and Canada: Waterbirds, v. 37, no. 1, p. 147-159, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.037.sp117.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"159","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052422","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472594,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1675/063.037.sp117","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54802619e4b0ac64d148dcd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evers, David C.","contributorId":96160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evers","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Basu, Niladri","contributorId":60085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Basu","given":"Niladri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeSorbo, Christopher R.","contributorId":127667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeSorbo","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fair, Jeff","contributorId":127668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fair","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gray, Carrie E.","contributorId":127669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Carrie E.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":25572,"text":"University of Maine, Orono","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Paruk, James D.","contributorId":127670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paruk","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Perkins, Marie","contributorId":22957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perkins","given":"Marie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Regan, Kevin","contributorId":127671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regan","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Uher-Koch, Brian D. 0000-0002-1885-0260 buher-koch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1885-0260","contributorId":5117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uher-Koch","given":"Brian","email":"buher-koch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wright, Kenneth G.","contributorId":127672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Kenneth G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70133701,"text":"70133701 - 2014 - A stage-structured, spatially explicit migration model for Myotis bats: mortality location affects system dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-12T13:40:21","indexId":"70133701","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3824,"text":"Letters in Biomathematics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A stage-structured, spatially explicit migration model for Myotis bats: mortality location affects system dynamics","title":"A stage-structured, spatially explicit migration model for Myotis bats: mortality location affects system dynamics","docAbstract":"","language":"English","publisher":"Illinois State University","doi":"10.1080/23737867.2014.11414477","usgsCitation":"Erickson, R.A., Thogmartin, W.E., Russell, R.E., Diffendorfer, J., and Szymanski, J.A., 2014, A stage-structured, spatially explicit migration model for Myotis bats: mortality location affects system dynamics: Letters in Biomathematics, v. 1, no. 2, p. 157-172, https://doi.org/10.1080/23737867.2014.11414477.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"172","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051683","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23737867.2014.11414477","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5482e53de4b0aa6d77852ff4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erickson, Richard A. 0000-0003-4649-482X rerickson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-482X","contributorId":5455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Richard","email":"rerickson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Russell, Robin E. 0000-0001-8726-7303 rerussell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-7303","contributorId":3998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Robin","email":"rerussell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diffendorfer, James E. 0000-0003-1093-6948 jediffendorfer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1093-6948","contributorId":3208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diffendorfer","given":"James E.","email":"jediffendorfer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Szymanski, Jennifer A.","contributorId":51593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szymanski","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70134479,"text":"70134479 - 2014 - Links between N deposition and nitrate export from a high-elevation watershed in the Colorado Front Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:55:44","indexId":"70134479","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Links between N deposition and nitrate export from a high-elevation watershed in the Colorado Front Range","docAbstract":"
Long-term patterns of stream nitrate export and atmospheric N deposition were evaluated over three decades in Loch Vale, a high-elevation watershed in the Colorado Front Range. Stream nitrate concentrations increased in the early 1990s, peaked in the mid-2000s, and have since declined by over 40%, coincident with trends in nitrogen oxide emissions over the past decade. Similarities in the timing and magnitude of N deposition provide evidence that stream chemistry is responding to changes in atmospheric deposition. The response to deposition was complicated by a drought in the early 2000s that enhanced N export for several years. Other possible explanations, including forest disturbance, snow depth, or permafrost melting, could not explain patterns in N export. Our results show that stream chemistry responds rapidly to changes in N deposition in high-elevation watersheds, similar to the response observed to changes in sulfur deposition.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es502461k","usgsCitation":"Mast, M.A., Clow, D.W., Baron, J., and Wetherbee, G.A., 2014, Links between N deposition and nitrate export from a high-elevation watershed in the Colorado Front Range: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 48, no. 24, p. 14258-14265, https://doi.org/10.1021/es502461k.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"14258","endPage":"14265","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057016","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296406,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Front Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.5289306640625,\n 40.43858586704331\n ],\n [\n -105.4522705078125,\n 40.41767833585551\n ],\n [\n -105.44128417968749,\n 39.76210275375137\n ],\n [\n -106.61132812499999,\n 39.74521015328692\n ],\n [\n -106.5289306640625,\n 40.43858586704331\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5480261ae4b0ac64d148dcd4","chorus":{"doi":"10.1021/es502461k","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es502461k","publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","authors":"Mast M. Alisa, Clow David W., Baron Jill S., Wetherbee Gregory A.","journalName":"Environmental Science & Technology","publicationDate":"12/16/2014","auditedOn":"12/29/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162 mamast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","email":"mamast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wetherbee, Gregory A. 0000-0002-6720-2294 wetherbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6720-2294","contributorId":1044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetherbee","given":"Gregory","email":"wetherbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70134551,"text":"70134551 - 2014 - Use of glacier river-fed estuary channels by juvenile coho salmon: transitional or rearing habitats?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-03T09:35:19","indexId":"70134551","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of glacier river-fed estuary channels by juvenile coho salmon: transitional or rearing habitats?","docAbstract":"Estuaries are among the most productive ecosystems in the world and provide important rearing environments for a variety of fish species. Though generally considered important transitional habitats for smolting salmon, little is known about the role that estuaries serve for rearing and the environmental conditions important for salmon. We illustrate how juvenile coho salmonOncorhynchus kisutch use a glacial river-fed estuary based on examination of spatial and seasonal variability in patterns of abundance, fish size, age structure, condition, and local habitat use. Fish abundance was greater in deeper channels with cooler and less variable temperatures, and these habitats were consistently occupied throughout the season. Variability in channel depth and water temperature was negatively associated with fish abundance. Fish size was negatively related to site distance from the upper extent of the tidal influence, while fish condition did not relate to channel location within the estuary ecotone. Our work demonstrates the potential this glacially-fed estuary serves as both transitional and rearing habitat for juvenile coho salmon during smolt emigration to the ocean, and patterns of fish distribution within the estuary correspond to environmental conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10641-013-0183-x","usgsCitation":"Hoem Neher, T.D., Rosenberger, A.E., Zimmerman, C.E., Walker, C.M., and Baird, S.J., 2014, Use of glacier river-fed estuary channels by juvenile coho salmon: transitional or rearing habitats?: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 97, no. 7, p. 839-850, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-013-0183-x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"839","endPage":"850","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049191","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296405,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kachemak Bay","volume":"97","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5480261ce4b0ac64d148dce4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoem Neher, Tammy D.","contributorId":48104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoem Neher","given":"Tammy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberger, Amanda E. 0000-0002-5520-8349 arosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-8349","contributorId":5581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Amanda","email":"arosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walker, Coowe M.","contributorId":96182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"Coowe","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baird, Steven J.","contributorId":12375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baird","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70134588,"text":"70134588 - 2014 - Factors influencing immediate post-release survival of spectacled eiders following surgical implantation of transmitters with percutaneous antennae","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-03T09:36:45","indexId":"70134588","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors influencing immediate post-release survival of spectacled eiders following surgical implantation of transmitters with percutaneous antennae","docAbstract":"Surgically implanted transmitters are a common method for tracking animal movements. Immediately following surgical implantation, animals pass through a critical recovery phase when behaviors may deviate from normal and the likelihood of individual survival may be reduced. Therefore, data collected during this period may be censored to minimize bias introduced by surgery-related behaviors or mortality. However, immediate post-release mortalities negate a sampling effort and reduce the amount of data potentially collected after the censoring period. Wildlife biologists should employ methods to support an animal’s survival through this period, but factors contributing to immediate post-release survival have not been formally assessed. We evaluated factors that potentially influenced the immediate post-release survival of 56 spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) marked with coelomically implanted satellite transmitters with percutaneous antennae in northern Alaska in 2010 and 2011. We modeled survival through the first 14 days following release and assessed the relative importance and effect of 15 covariates hypothesized to influence survival during this immediate post-release period. Estimated daily survival rate increased over the duration of the immediate post-release period; the probability of mortality was greatest within the first 5 days following release. Our top-ranking model included the effect of 2 blood analytes, pH and hematocrit, measured prior to surgical implantation of a transmitter. We found a positive response to pH; eiders exhibiting acidemia (low pH) prior to surgery were less likely to survive the immediate post-release period. We found a curvilinear response to hematocrit; eiders exhibiting extremely low or high pre-surgery hematocrit were also less likely to survive the immediate post-release period. In the interest of maximizing the survival of marked birds following release, hematological data obtained prior to surgical implantation of telemetry equipment may be useful when screening for optimal surgical candidates or informing appropriate response to mitigate potentially deleterious disorders such as acidemia.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.690","usgsCitation":"Sexson, M.G., Mulcahy, D.M., Spriggs, M., and Myers, G.E., 2014, Factors influencing immediate post-release survival of spectacled eiders following surgical implantation of transmitters with percutaneous antennae: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 78, no. 3, p. 550-560, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.690.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"550","endPage":"560","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052757","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438737,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HBK6P0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data on Blood Analytes and Post-Release Survival in Spectacled Eiders (Somateria fischeri), Northern Alaska, 2010-2011"},{"id":296402,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"78","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54802617e4b0ac64d148dcce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sexson, Matthew G. 0000-0002-1078-0835 msexson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1078-0835","contributorId":5544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexson","given":"Matthew","email":"msexson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulcahy, Daniel M. dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spriggs, Maria","contributorId":127662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spriggs","given":"Maria","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Myers, Gwen E.","contributorId":89336,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Myers","given":"Gwen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70134538,"text":"70134538 - 2014 - Temporal patterns in the foraging behavior of sea otters in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-13T12:11:08","indexId":"70134538","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal patterns in the foraging behavior of sea otters in Alaska","docAbstract":"Activity time budgets in apex predators have been proposed as indicators of population status relative to resource limitation or carrying capacity. We used archival time-depth recorders implanted in 15 adult female and 4 male sea otters (Enhydra lutris) from the northernmost population of the species, Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA, to examine temporal patterns in their foraging behavior. Sea otters that we sampled spent less time foraging during summer (females 8.8 hr/day, males 7.9 hr/day) than other seasons (females 10.1–10.5 hr/day, males 9.2–9.5 hr/day). Both sexes showed strong preferences for diurnal foraging and adjusted their foraging effort in response to the amount of available daylight. One exception to this diurnal foraging mode occurred after females gave birth. For approximately 3 weeks post-partum, females switched to nocturnal foraging, possibly in an effort to reduce the risk of predation by eagles on newborn pups. We used multilevel mixed regression models to assess the contribution of several biological and environmental covariates to variation in the daily foraging effort of parous females. In the random effects only model, 87% of the total variation in foraging effort was within-otter variation. The relatively small among-otter variance component (13%) indicates substantial consistency in the foraging effort of sea otters in this northern population. In the top 3 models, 17% of the within-otter variation was explained by reproductive stage, day length, wind speed, air temperature and a wind speed × air temperature interaction. This study demonstrates the potential importance of environmental and reproductive effects when using activity budgets to assess population status relative to carrying capacity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.701","usgsCitation":"Esslinger, G.G., Bodkin, J.L., Breton, A., Burns, J.M., and Monson, D., 2014, Temporal patterns in the foraging behavior of sea otters in Alaska: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 78, no. 4, p. 689-700, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.701.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"689","endPage":"700","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046417","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296404,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.0625,\n 60.726943611101966\n ],\n [\n -146.8212890625,\n 61.39671887310411\n ],\n [\n -145.50292968749997,\n 60.44638185995603\n ],\n [\n -147.83203125,\n 59.84481485969105\n ],\n [\n -149.0625,\n 60.726943611101966\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5480261ce4b0ac64d148dce2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esslinger, George G. 0000-0002-3459-0083 gesslinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3459-0083","contributorId":131009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esslinger","given":"George","email":"gesslinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breton, André R.","contributorId":47682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breton","given":"André R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burns, Jennifer M.","contributorId":98569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burns","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Monson, Daniel H. 0000-0002-4593-5673 dmonson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5673","contributorId":140480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Daniel H.","email":"dmonson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70119848,"text":"sir20145145 - 2014 - Methods for estimating drought streamflow probabilities for Virginia streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-03T09:06:53","indexId":"sir20145145","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5145","title":"Methods for estimating drought streamflow probabilities for Virginia streams","docAbstract":"Maximum likelihood logistic regression model equations used to estimate drought flow probabilities for Virginia streams are presented for 259 hydrologic basins in Virginia. Winter streamflows were used to estimate the likelihood of streamflows during the subsequent drought-prone summer months. The maximum likelihood logistic regression models identify probable streamflows from 5 to 8 months in advance. More than 5 million streamflow daily values collected over the period of record (January 1, 1900 through May 16, 2012) were compiled and analyzed over a minimum 10-year (maximum 112-year) period of record. The analysis yielded the 46,704 equations with statistically significant fit statistics and parameter ranges published in two tables in this report. These model equations produce summer month (July, August, and September) drought flow threshold probabilities as a function of streamflows during the previous winter months (November, December, January, and February). Example calculations are provided, demonstrating how to use the equations to estimate probable streamflows as much as 8 months in advance.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145145","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.","usgsCitation":"Austin, S.H., 2014, Methods for estimating drought streamflow probabilities for Virginia streams: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5145, Report: vi, 20 p.; 2 Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145145.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 20 p.; 2 Tables","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046130","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296401,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145145.jpg"},{"id":296399,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5145/pdf/sir2014-5145.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.47 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":296398,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5145/"},{"id":296400,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5145/table","text":"Tables 1 and 2","size":"80 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.68408203124999,\n 39.50404070558415\n ],\n [\n -76.97021484375,\n 39.436192999314095\n ],\n [\n -75.8056640625,\n 36.4566360115962\n ],\n [\n -83.82568359375,\n 36.54494944148322\n ],\n [\n -78.68408203124999,\n 39.50404070558415\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5480261ae4b0ac64d148dcd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Austin, Samuel H. 0000-0001-5626-023X saustin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-023X","contributorId":153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Samuel","email":"saustin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70140326,"text":"70140326 - 2014 - Localized rejuvenation of a crystal mush recorded in zircon temporal and compositional variation at the Lassen Volcanic Center, northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T10:00:21","indexId":"70140326","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Localized rejuvenation of a crystal mush recorded in zircon temporal and compositional variation at the Lassen Volcanic Center, northern California","docAbstract":"Zircon ages and trace element compositions from recent silicic eruptions in the Lassen Volcanic Center (LVC) allow for an evaluation of the timing and conditions of rejuvenation (reheating and mobilization of crystals) within the LVC magmatic system. The LVC is the southernmost active Cascade volcano and, prior to the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, was the site of the only eruption in the Cascade arc during the last century. The three most recent silicic eruptions from the LVC were very small to moderate-sized lava flows and domes of dacite (1915 and 27 ka eruptions of Lassen Peak) and rhyodacite (1.1 ka eruption of Chaos Crags). These eruptions produced mixed and mingled lavas that contain a diverse crystal cargo, including zircon. 238U-230Th model ages from interior and surface analyses of zircon reveal ages from ~17 ka to secular equilibrium (>350 ka), with most zircon crystallizing during a period between ~60–200 ka. These data support a model for localized rejuvenation of crystal mush beneath the LVC. This crystal mush evidently is the remnant of magmatism that ended ~190 ka. Most zircon are thought to have been captured from “cold storage” in the crystal mush (670–725°C, Hf >10,000 ppm, Eu/Eu* 0.25–0.4) locally remobilized by intrusion of mafic magma. A smaller population of zircon (>730°C, Hf <10,000 ppm, Eu/Eu* >0.4) grew in, and are captured from, rejuvenation zones. These data suggest the dominant method to produce eruptible melt within the LVC is small-scale, local rejuvenation of the crystal mush accompanied by magma mixing and mingling. Based on zircon stability, the time required to heat, erupt and then cool to background conditions is relatively short, lasting a maximum of 10 s–1000 s years. Rejuvenation events in the LVC are ephemeral and permit eruption within an otherwise waning and cooling magmatic body.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0113157","usgsCitation":"Klemetti, E.W., and Clynne, M.A., 2014, Localized rejuvenation of a crystal mush recorded in zircon temporal and compositional variation at the Lassen Volcanic Center, northern California: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 12, e113157; 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113157.","productDescription":"e113157; 22 p.","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057791","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113157","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297783,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lassen Volcanic Center","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.55548095703125,\n 40.46523354237969\n ],\n [\n -121.55548095703125,\n 40.513277131087484\n ],\n [\n -121.4528274536133,\n 40.513277131087484\n ],\n [\n -121.4528274536133,\n 40.46523354237969\n ],\n [\n -121.55548095703125,\n 40.46523354237969\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a92e4b08de9379b3102","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klemetti, Erik W.","contributorId":139092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klemetti","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12650,"text":"Denison University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clynne, Michael A. 0000-0002-4220-2968 mclynne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-2968","contributorId":2032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"Michael","email":"mclynne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70138030,"text":"70138030 - 2014 - Global land cover mapping: a review and uncertainty analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-16T08:51:51","indexId":"70138030","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global land cover mapping: a review and uncertainty analysis","docAbstract":"Given the advances in remotely sensed imagery and associated technologies, several global land cover maps have been produced in recent times including IGBP DISCover, UMD Land Cover, Global Land Cover 2000 and GlobCover 2009. However, the utility of these maps for specific applications has often been hampered due to considerable amounts of uncertainties and inconsistencies. A thorough review of these global land cover projects including evaluating the sources of error and uncertainty is prudent and enlightening. Therefore, this paper describes our work in which we compared, summarized and conducted an uncertainty analysis of the four global land cover mapping projects using an error budget approach. The results showed that the classification scheme and the validation methodology had the highest error contribution and implementation priority. A comparison of the classification schemes showed that there are many inconsistencies between the definitions of the map classes. This is especially true for the mixed type classes for which thresholds vary for the attributes/discriminators used in the classification process. Examination of these four global mapping projects provided quite a few important lessons for the future global mapping projects including the need for clear and uniform definitions of the classification scheme and an efficient, practical, and valid design of the accuracy assessment.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs61212070","usgsCitation":"Congalton, R.G., Gu, J., Yadav, K., Thenkabail, P.S., and Ozdogan, M., 2014, Global land cover mapping: a review and uncertainty analysis: Remote Sensing, v. 6, no. 12, p. 12070-12093, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs61212070.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"12070","endPage":"12093","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060653","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs61212070","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297314,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a83e4b08de9379b30ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Congalton, Russell G.","contributorId":138718,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Congalton","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12507,"text":"Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, 56 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gu, Jianyu","contributorId":138719,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gu","given":"Jianyu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12507,"text":"Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, 56 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yadav, Kamini","contributorId":138720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yadav","given":"Kamini","affiliations":[{"id":12507,"text":"Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, 56 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thenkabail, Prasad S. 0000-0002-2182-8822 pthenkabail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2182-8822","contributorId":570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thenkabail","given":"Prasad","email":"pthenkabail@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ozdogan, Mutlu","contributorId":138721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ozdogan","given":"Mutlu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12508,"text":"Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1710 University Ave., Room 285, Madison, WI 53726, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70134326,"text":"70134326 - 2014 - Estimation of potential evapotranspiration from extraterrestrial radiation, air temperature and humidity to assess future climate change effects on the vegetation of the Northern Great Plains, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-23T15:39:03.087774","indexId":"70134326","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-02T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of potential evapotranspiration from extraterrestrial radiation, air temperature and humidity to assess future climate change effects on the vegetation of the Northern Great Plains, USA","docAbstract":"The potential evapotranspiration (PET) that would occur with unlimited plant access to water is a central driver of simulated plant growth in many ecological models. PET is influenced by solar and longwave radiation, temperature, wind speed, and humidity, but it is often modeled as a function of temperature alone. This approach can cause biases in projections of future climate impacts in part because it confounds the effects of warming due to increased greenhouse gases with that which would be caused by increased radiation from the sun. We developed an algorithm for linking PET to extraterrestrial solar radiation (incoming top-of atmosphere solar radiation), as well as temperature and atmospheric water vapor pressure, and incorporated this algorithm into the dynamic global vegetation model MC1. We tested the new algorithm for the Northern Great Plains, USA, whose remaining grasslands are threatened by continuing woody encroachment. Both the new and the standard temperature-dependent MC1 algorithm adequately simulated current PET, as compared to the more rigorous PenPan model of Rotstayn et al. (2006). However, compared to the standard algorithm, the new algorithm projected a much more gradual increase in PET over the 21st century for three contrasting future climates. This difference led to lower simulated drought effects and hence greater woody encroachment with the new algorithm, illustrating the importance of more rigorous calculations of PET in ecological models dealing with climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.10.037","usgsCitation":"King, D.A., Bachelet, D.M., Symstad, A.J., Ferschweiler, K., and Hobbins, M., 2014, Estimation of potential evapotranspiration from extraterrestrial radiation, air temperature and humidity to assess future climate change effects on the vegetation of the Northern Great Plains, USA: Ecological Modelling, v. 297, p. 86-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.10.037.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"86","endPage":"97","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056289","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.86328125,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n -97.05322265625,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n -97.05322265625,\n 48.850258199721495\n ],\n [\n -109.86328125,\n 48.850258199721495\n ],\n [\n -109.86328125,\n 41.21172151054787\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"297","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ed4a2e4b09357f05f8a1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, David A.","contributorId":7160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bachelet, Dominique M.","contributorId":89042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachelet","given":"Dominique","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Symstad, Amy J. 0000-0003-4231-2873 asymstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4231-2873","contributorId":147543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Symstad","given":"Amy","email":"asymstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferschweiler, Ken","contributorId":127604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferschweiler","given":"Ken","affiliations":[{"id":7074,"text":"Conservation Biology Institute, Covallis OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hobbins, Michael","contributorId":127605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hobbins","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7075,"text":"National Integrated Drought Information System, Boulder, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70133479,"text":"ofr20131024H - 2014 - Gravity survey and interpretation of Fort Irwin and vicinity, Mojave Desert, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70133479,"text":"ofr20131024H - 2014 - Gravity survey and interpretation of Fort Irwin and vicinity, Mojave Desert, California","indexId":"ofr20131024H","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","displayTitle":"Gravity Survey and Interpretation of Fort Irwin and Vicinity, Mojave Desert, California","title":"Gravity survey and interpretation of Fort Irwin and vicinity, Mojave Desert, California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70201192,"text":"ofr20131024 - 2014 - Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","indexId":"ofr20131024","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70201192,"text":"ofr20131024 - 2014 - Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","indexId":"ofr20131024","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-14T12:13:19","indexId":"ofr20131024H","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-02T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1024","chapter":"H","displayTitle":"Gravity Survey and Interpretation of Fort Irwin and Vicinity, Mojave Desert, California","title":"Gravity survey and interpretation of Fort Irwin and vicinity, Mojave Desert, California","docAbstract":"In support of a hydrogeologic study of the groundwater resources on Fort Irwin, we have combined new gravity data with preexisting measurements to produce an isostatic residual gravity map, which we then separated into two components reflecting (1) the density distribution in the pre-Cenozoic basement complex and (2) the distribution of low-density Cenozoic volcanic and sedimentary deposits that lie on top of the basement complex. The second component was inverted to estimate the three-dimensional distribution of Cenozoic deposits by using constraints from geology, drillholes, and time-domain electromagnetic soundings. In most of the base, the Cenozoic deposits are no more than 300 m thick, except in the basins with more than 500 m of fill beneath Coyote Lake, Red Pass Lake, west of Nelson Lake, west of Superior Lake, Bicycle Lake, and in the vicinity of Nelson Lake.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131024H","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Jachens, R.C., and Langenheim, V.E., 2014, Gravity survey and interpretation of Fort Irwin and vicinity, Mojave Desert, California, chap. H of Buesch, D.C., ed., Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013–1024, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131024H.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042838","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296357,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/h/downloads/ofr2013-1024_h.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":296358,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/h/downloads/downloads.zip","text":"Supplemental Data","size":"2.6 MB"},{"id":296359,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/h/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":360263,"rank":4,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/h/readme.txt","size":"5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","city":"Fort Irwin","contact":"Contact Information,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
The geology and landscape of the Fort Irwin area, typical of many parts of the Mojave Desert, consist of rugged mountains separated by broad alluviated valleys that form the main coarse-resolution features of the geologic map. Crystalline and sedimentary rocks, Mesozoic and older in age, form most of the mountains with lesser accumulations of Miocene sedimentary and volcanic rocks. In detail, the area exhibits a fairly complex distribution of surficial deposits resulting from diverse rock sources and geomorphology that has been driven by topographic changes caused by recent and active faulting. Depositional environments span those typical of the Mojave Desert: alluvial fans on broad piedmonts, major intermittent streams along valley floors, eolian sand dunes and sheets, and playas in closed valleys that lack through-going washes. Erosional environments include rocky mountains, smooth gently sloping pediments, and badlands in readily eroded sediment. All parts of the landscape, from regional distribution of mountains, valleys, and faults to details of degree of soil development in surface materials, are portrayed by the surficial geologic map. Many of these attributes govern infiltration and recharge, and the surface distribution of permeable rock units such as Miocene sedimentary and volcanic rocks provides a basis for evaluating potential groundwater storage. Quaternary faults are widespread in the Fort Irwin area and include sinistral, east-striking faults that characterize the central swath of the area and the contrasting dextral, northwest-striking faults that border the east and west margins. Bedrock distribution and thickness of valley-fill deposits are controlled by modern and past faulting, and faults on the map help to identify targets for groundwater exploration.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131024B","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Miller, D.M., Menges, C.M., and Lidke, D.J., 2014, Generalized surficial geologic map of the Fort Irwin area, San Bernardino County, California, chap. B of Buesch, D.C., ed., Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013–1024, 11 p., scale 1:100,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131024B.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 11 p.; 1 Plate: 50.91 x 35.84 inches; Database","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-041811","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":398994,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_103355.htm"},{"id":296354,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/b/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":296352,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/b/downloads/ofr2013-1024_b_map.pdf","text":"Map","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":296351,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/b/downloads/ofr2013_1024_b_report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":296353,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/b/downloads/OF2013-1024-b.zip","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","otherGeospatial":"Fort Irwin area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.1767,\n 35.0222\n ],\n [\n -116.1122,\n 35.0222\n ],\n [\n -116.1122,\n 35.6944\n ],\n [\n -117.1767,\n 35.6944\n ],\n [\n -117.1767,\n 35.0222\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Contact Information,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
Geologic and geophysical investigations in the vicinity of Fort Irwin National Training Center, California, have been completed in support of groundwater investigations, and are presented in eight chapters of this report. A generalized surficial geologic map along with field and borehole investigations conducted during 2010–11 provide a lithostratigraphic and structural framework for the area during the Cenozoic. Electromagnetic properties of resistivity were measured in the laboratory on hand and core samples, and compared to borehole geophysical resistivity data. These data were used in conjunction with ground-based time-domain and airborne data and interpretations to provide a framework for the shallow lithologic units and structure. Gravity and aeromagnetic maps cover areas ~4 to 5 times that of Fort Irwin. Each chapter includes hydrogeologic applications of the data or model results.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131024A","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Buesch, D.C., 2014, Introduction to the geologic and geophysical studies of Fort Irwin, California, chap. A of Buesch, D.C., ed., Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013–1024, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131024A.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 8 p.","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059381","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296356,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/a/downloads/ofr2013-1024-a.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":296346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/a/images/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","city":"Fort Irwin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.70870780944823,\n 35.26944846740116\n ],\n [\n -116.7092227935791,\n 35.23966065628306\n ],\n [\n -116.66810989379881,\n 35.25276864179296\n ],\n [\n -116.66939735412596,\n 35.27575506983386\n ],\n [\n -116.70690536499022,\n 35.27470400352624\n ],\n [\n -116.70870780944823,\n 35.26944846740116\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Contact Information,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
This document provides the detailed requirements for producing, archiving, and disseminating a comprehensive digital collection of topographic maps for the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Historical Topographic Map Collection (HTMC). The HTMC is a digital archive of about 190,000 printed topographic maps published by the USGS from the inception of the topographic mapping program in 1884 until the last paper topographic map using lithographic printing technology was published in 2006. The HTMC provides a comprehensive digital repository of all scales and all editions of USGS printed topographic maps that is easily discovered, browsed, and downloaded by the public at no cost. The HTMC provides ready access to maps that are no longer available for distribution in print. A digital file representing the original paper historical topographic map is produced for each historical map in the HTMC in georeferenced PDF (GeoPDF) format (a portable document format [PDF] with a geospatial extension).
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section B: U.S. Geological Survey Standards in Book 11 Collection and Delineation of Spatial Data","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm11B6","collaboration":"National Geospatial Program. This report is Chapter 6 of Section B: U.S. Geological Survey Standards in Book 11 Collection and Delineation of Spatial Data","usgsCitation":"Allord, G.J., Walter, J.L., Fishburn, K.A., and Shea, G.A., 2014, Specification for the U.S. Geological Survey Historical Topographic Map Collection: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 11-B6, ix, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm11B6.","productDescription":"ix, 65 p.","numberOfPages":"78","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055231","costCenters":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296355,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm11b6.jpg"},{"id":296350,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11b6/pdf/tm11-b6.pdf","size":"13.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":296329,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11b6/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ed4a5e4b09357f05f8a2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allord, Gregory J. gjallord@usgs.gov","contributorId":2714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allord","given":"Gregory","email":"gjallord@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walter, Jennifer L. 0000-0001-8183-5015 jlwalter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8183-5015","contributorId":5217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlwalter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fishburn, Kristin A. 0000-0002-7825-556X kafishburn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7825-556X","contributorId":4654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishburn","given":"Kristin","email":"kafishburn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shea, Gale A.","contributorId":127643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shea","given":"Gale","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70129172,"text":"ds894 - 2014 - Sediment data collected in 2013 from the northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-08T08:28:51","indexId":"ds894","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-02T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"894","title":"Sediment data collected in 2013 from the northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana","docAbstract":"As part of the Barrier Island Evolution Research project, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center collected sediment samples from the northern Chandeleur Islands in July 2013. The overall objective of this project, which integrates geophysical (bathymetric, seismic, and topographic) and sedimentologic data, is to better understand the depositional and erosional processes that drive the morphologic evolution of barrier islands over annual to interannual timescales (1 to 5 years). Between June 2010 and April 2011, in response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the State of Louisiana constructed a sand berm extending more than 14 kilometers along the northern Chandeleur Islands platform. The construction of the berm provided a unique opportunity to investigate how this new sediment source will interact with and affect the morphologic evolution of the barrier-island system. Data collected from this study will be used to describe differences in the physical characteristics and spatial distribution of sediments both along the axis of the berm and also along transects across the berm and onto the adjacent barrier island. Comparison of these data with data from previous sampling efforts will provide information about sediment interactions and movement between the berm and the natural island platform, improving our understanding of short-term morphologic change and processes in this barrier-island system.
\nThis data series serves as an archive of sediment data collected in July 2013 from the Chandeleur Islands sand berm and adjacent barrier-island environments. Data products include descriptive core logs, core photographs and x-radiographs, results of sediment grain-size analyses, sample location maps, and Geographic Information System data files with accompanying formal Federal Geographic Data Committee metadata.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds894","usgsCitation":"Buster, N.A., Kelso, K.W., Bernier, J., Flocks, J.G., Miselis, J.L., and DeWitt, N.T., 2014, Sediment data collected in 2013 from the northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana (Originally posted December 1, 2014; Version 1.1: February 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 894, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds894.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2013-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-057602","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds894.jpg"},{"id":296333,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0894/"},{"id":316586,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0894/versionHist.txt","size":"1 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":296343,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0894/ds894_abstract.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Chandeleur Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.9013671875,\n 29.84481304803599\n ],\n [\n -88.9013671875,\n 30.01440897324891\n ],\n [\n -88.75373840332031,\n 30.01440897324891\n ],\n [\n -88.75373840332031,\n 29.84481304803599\n ],\n [\n -88.9013671875,\n 29.84481304803599\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Originally posted December 1, 2014; Version 1.1: February 2016","contact":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
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Aeromagnetic data help provide the underpinnings of a hydrogeologic framework for Fort Irwin by locating inferred structural features or grain that influence groundwater flow. Magnetization boundaries defined by horizontal-gradient analyses coincide locally with Cenozoic faults and can be used to extend these faults beneath cover. These boundaries also highlight the structural grain within the crystalline rocks and may serve as a proxy for fracturing, an important source of permeability within the generally impermeable basement rocks, thus mapping potential groundwater pathways through and along the mountain ranges in the study area.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131024I","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Langenheim, V.E., and Jachens, R.C., 2014, Aeromagnetic data, processing, and maps of Fort Irwin and vicinity, California, chap. I of Buesch, D.C., ed., Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013–1024, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131024I.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 18 p,; Supplemental Data","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-039182","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296363,"rank":1,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/i/downloads/downloads.zip","text":"Supplemental Data","size":"42 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":296364,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/i/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":296362,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/i/downloads/ofr2013-1024_i.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","city":"Fort Irwin","contact":"Contact Information,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed a database containing information about wells, surface-water intakes, and distribution systems that are part of public water systems across the United States, its territories, and possessions. Programs of the USGS such as the National Water Census, the National Water Use Information Program, and the National Water-Quality Assessment Program all require a complete and current inventory of public water systems, the sources of water used by those systems, and the size of populations served by the systems across the Nation. Although the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) database already exists as the primary national Federal database for information on public water systems, the Public-Supply Database (PSDB) was developed to add value to SDWIS data with enhanced location and ancillary information, and to provide links to other databases, including the USGS’s National Water Information System (NWIS) database.
\nThe purpose of this report is to document the PSDB and explain the methods used to populate and update the data from the SDWIS, State datasets, and map and geospatial imagery. This report describes 3 data tables and 11 domain tables, including field contents, data sources, and relations between tables. Although the PSDB database is not available to the general public, this information should be useful for others who are developing other database systems to store and analyze public-supply system and facility data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141212","usgsCitation":"Price, C.V., and Maupin, M.A., 2014, Documentation for the U.S. Geological Survey Public-Supply Database (PSDB): A database of permitted public-supply wells, surface-water intakes, and systems in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1212, v, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141212.","productDescription":"v, 22 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054109","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141212.jpg"},{"id":296332,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1212/"},{"id":296348,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1212/pdf/of2014-1212.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ed4a1e4b09357f05f8a1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, Curtis V. 0000-0002-4315-3539 cprice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4315-3539","contributorId":983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Curtis","email":"cprice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maupin, Molly A. 0000-0002-2695-5505 mamaupin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-5505","contributorId":951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maupin","given":"Molly","email":"mamaupin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70128630,"text":"fs20143080 - 2014 - Water resources of Vermilion Parish, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-02T09:20:07","indexId":"fs20143080","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-02T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3080","title":"Water resources of Vermilion Parish, Louisiana","docAbstract":"Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of water in Vermilion Parish, Louisiana, is critical for proper water-supply management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, parish residents, and others for stewardship of this vital resource. Information on the availability, past and current use, use trends, and water quality from groundwater and surface-water sources in the parish is presented. Previously published reports and data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Information System (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis) are the primary sources of the information presented here.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143080","collaboration":"Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"Prakken, L.B., and White, V.E., 2014, Water resources of Vermilion Parish, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3080, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143080.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057861","costCenters":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296342,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143080.jpg"},{"id":296341,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3080/pdf/fs2014-3080.pdf"},{"id":296327,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3080/"}],"projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","city":"Vermilion Parish","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.61337280273438,\n 29.513720234908057\n ],\n [\n -92.61337280273438,\n 30.20567424070585\n ],\n [\n -91.91986083984375,\n 30.20567424070585\n ],\n [\n -91.91986083984375,\n 29.513720234908057\n ],\n [\n -92.61337280273438,\n 29.513720234908057\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ed4a9e4b09357f05f8a2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prakken, Lawrence B. lprakken@usgs.gov","contributorId":2319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prakken","given":"Lawrence","email":"lprakken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Vincent E. 0000-0002-1660-0102 vwhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-0102","contributorId":5388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Vincent","email":"vwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70125305,"text":"sir20145181 - 2014 - Estimates of groundwater recharge rates and sources in the East Mountain area, Eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2005-12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-02T09:29:33","indexId":"sir20145181","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-02T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5181","title":"Estimates of groundwater recharge rates and sources in the East Mountain area, Eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2005-12","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bernalillo County Public Works Division, has conducted a monitoring program in the East Mountain area of eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, since 2000 to better define the hydrogeologic characteristics of the East Mountain area and to provide scientific information that will assist in the sustainable management of water resources. This report presents estimates of groundwater recharge to the aquifers that supply water to a network of springs that discharged within the East Mountain area of eastern Bernalillo County during 2005–12. Chloride concentration, the mass ratio of chloride to bromide, and the stable isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen were used to estimate annual groundwater recharge rates and to identify the sources and timing of recharge to the aquifers in the East Mountain area. Groundwater recharge rates were estimated by using a chloride mass-balance (CMB) method applied to data from selected springs located in the study area.
\nEleven springs and four downgradient monitoring wells were sampled for this study. On the basis of chloride concentrations and the mass ratio of chloride to bromide, eight of the eleven sampled springs are considered representative of dilute groundwater recharged by meteoric water in the Sandia Mountains. Eight of the eleven springs sampled as part of this investigation are considered representative of dilute groundwater not influenced by nonmeteoric chloride sources on the basis of analysis of chloride concentrations and the mass ratio of chloride to bromide. Chloride concentrations at three of the sampled springs were likely affected by nonmeteoric chloride sources.
\nResults of CMB calculations for the eight springs with Cl:Br ratios and chloride concentrations within the range of dilute groundwater (not influenced by nonmeteoric chloride sources) indicated that between about 5.5 and 23 percent of annual precipitation recharges the groundwater system. The variation in estimated recharge rates indicated that the mechanisms for recharge and groundwater movement in the East Mountain area are complex and that factors such as climate variability, the extent and interconnection of structural features such as faults and fractures, and potential solution enhancement of the aquifers all play important roles in the rates and timing of recharge.
\nStable isotope data from springs and snowpacks sampled in the East Mountain area were compared with local, regional, and global meteoric water lines and were analyzed along with values representing the stable isotope composition of winter precipitation and summer monsoonal rains. Results of the stable isotope analysis from springs in this study suggested that winter precipitation is the primary source of groundwater recharge to the aquifers supplying the springs, but there is a component of more isotopically enriched precipitation being recharged as well, likely from summer monsoonal rains. Specific conductance, groundwater-level hydrographs, snowpack chemistry, and snow-water equivalent data were used to inform the analyses and corroborate the findings of the CMB and stable isotope results.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145181","collaboration":"Bernalillo County Public Works Natural Resource Services","usgsCitation":"Rice, S.E., and Crilley, D.M., 2014, Estimates of groundwater recharge rates and sources in the East Mountain area, Eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2005-12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5181, vii, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145181.","productDescription":"vii, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056751","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145181.jpg"},{"id":296344,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5181/pdf/sir2014-5181.pdf"},{"id":296331,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5181/"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Bernalillo County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.48199462890625,\n 34.57442951865274\n ],\n [\n -107.48199462890625,\n 36.049098959065645\n ],\n [\n -105.8917236328125,\n 36.049098959065645\n ],\n [\n -105.8917236328125,\n 34.57442951865274\n ],\n [\n -107.48199462890625,\n 34.57442951865274\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ed4a1e4b09357f05f8a1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, Steven E. srice@usgs.gov","contributorId":5438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Steven","email":"srice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crilley, Dianna M. 0000-0003-0432-5948 dcrilley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0432-5948","contributorId":3896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crilley","given":"Dianna","email":"dcrilley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70128631,"text":"fs20143074 - 2014 - Water resources of Jefferson Davis Parish, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-02T09:11:27","indexId":"fs20143074","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-02T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3074","title":"Water resources of Jefferson Davis Parish, Louisiana","docAbstract":"Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of water in Jefferson Davis Parish, Louisiana, is critical for proper water-supply management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, parish residents, and others for stewardship of this vital resource. Information on the availability, past and current use, use trends, and water quality from groundwater and surface-water sources in the parish is presented. Previously published reports and data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Information System (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis) are the primary sources of the information presented here.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143074","collaboration":"Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"White, V.E., and Prakken, L.B., 2014, Water resources of Jefferson Davis Parish, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3074, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143074.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057862","costCenters":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296340,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143074.jpg"},{"id":296339,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3074/pdf/fs2014-3074.pdf"},{"id":296328,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3074/"}],"projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","county":"Jefferson Davis Parish","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.06655883789062,\n 30.002516938570686\n ],\n [\n -93.06655883789062,\n 30.497201140169295\n ],\n [\n -92.46368408203125,\n 30.497201140169295\n ],\n [\n -92.46368408203125,\n 30.002516938570686\n ],\n [\n -93.06655883789062,\n 30.002516938570686\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ed4a8e4b09357f05f8a2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Vincent E. 0000-0002-1660-0102 vwhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-0102","contributorId":5388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Vincent","email":"vwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prakken, Lawrence B. lprakken@usgs.gov","contributorId":2319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prakken","given":"Lawrence","email":"lprakken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70124986,"text":"sir20145176 - 2014 - Evaluation of a mass-balance approach to determine consumptive water use in northeastern Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-02T08:59:49","indexId":"sir20145176","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-02T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5176","title":"Evaluation of a mass-balance approach to determine consumptive water use in northeastern Illinois","docAbstract":"A principal component of evaluating and managing water use is consumptive use. This is the portion of water withdrawn for a particular use, such as residential, which is evaporated, transpired, incorporated into products or crops, consumed by humans or livestock, or otherwise removed from the immediate water environment. The amount of consumptive use may be estimated by a water (mass)-balance approach; however, because of the difficulty of obtaining necessary data, its application typically is restricted to the facility scale. The general governing mass-balance equation is: Consumptive use = Water supplied - Return flows.
\nThis study explored a mass-balance field-based computation of consumptive use in a residential setting at the scale of a sanitary sewer service area (sewershed). In addition, the feasibility (cost and difficulty) and relative uncertainties (accuracies) associated with applying the approach at this scale were evaluated. The study was conducted during 2011–13 within a 3.5-square mile (mi2) sewershed confined to a predominantly residential area of Elk Grove Village, Illinois. Following background evaluation of the geohydrologic setting, sewershed infrastructure, and possible components of supplied and returned water, the identified primary components were
\n1. public water deliveries by the Elk Grove Village Department of Public Works,
\n2. self-served groundwater withdrawals in an included unincorporated neighborhood with public sanitary sewer service,
\n3. return flows to the sanitary sewer system, and
\n4. direct return of water discharged from swimming pools to Salt Creek. Water volumes principally were reported for deliveries, measured for sanitary sewer returns by using an acoustic Doppler current-velocity meter, and estimated for domestic withdrawals and swimming pool discharges to storm sewers. All water volumes required some degree of estimation. Observation wells were installed adjacent to sewer pipelines (lines) to determine the depth of the water table relative to that of the sewer lines and to collect water samples for detection of optical brighteners, as they are routinely discharged as clotheswashing waste to sanitary sewers. These data provided qualitative information on gains (inflow and infiltration) and losses (exfiltration) of sewer flow by pipe leakage, which might otherwise not be considered in the sewer flow return measurements. Hydrographs of sewer flow also were evaluated to identify and estimate storm-associated inputs to sewer flow.
\nThe volume of sanitary sewer return flow (778 million gallons per year [Mgal/yr]) was determined to substantially exceed the volume of supplied water (566 Mgal/yr), thus, for this study setting, voiding the utility of the applied mass-balance approach for estimating consumptive water use. Mass-balance components, including sanitary sewer flow and supplied-water use, were estimated within reasonable limits of uncertainty. Evidence of a water table that is typically shallower than the area’s sewer lines, yet is sometimes depressed near more deeply buried sewer lines, suggests groundwater infiltration into the sewers contributes to the excess volume of return flow. Technical obstacles and project resources precluded accurate quantification of infiltration volumes and other gains and losses to sanitary sewer flow. As estimated from various simplified methods, a minimum of 26 percent of return flow measured in the sanitary sewer represented groundwater infiltration and stormwater inflow; separately, about 2 percent of return flow was estimated as inflow. On the basis of the alternative winter base-rate method, consumptive use in the sewershed was estimated as 13 percent, which compares favorably with that used by the State of Illinois for Lake Michigan allocation accounting (10 percent) and other States and Canadian Provinces in the Great Lakes region (generally 10-15 percent).
\nThe study also provided other findings considered useful to studies of water use and to performance evaluation of sanitary sewer infrastructure. In urban residential settings, the comparatively small volumes of nonpublic sources of water (self-supplied) and direct (nonsanitary) return flow potentially can be ignored in the estimation of consumptive use. An acoustic Doppler current-velocity meter can be used in sanitary sewers to accurately measure discharge and reasonably estimate storm-associated inflows. Hourly to daily patterns of water use can be readily identified and quantified in the return flow record for the sanitary sewers. Relative volumes of infiltration gains (and exfiltration losses) can be substantial, even in sewer systems of communities making significant investments in system upgrades to limit sewer line leakage. Monitoring of optical brighteners in groundwater (and potentially in sanitary sewer flow) can provide a useful means of identifying probable leakage from (and to) sewer lines. Accurate quantification of gains and losses to sanitary sewer flow at the sewershed scale will require additional research effort and technical advances.
\nUnder ideal conditions, accurate quantification of consumptive use at the sewershed scale by the described mass-balance approach might be possible. Under most prevailing conditions, quantification likely would be more costly and time consuming than that of the present study, given the freely contributed technical support of the host community and relatively appropriate conditions of the study area. Essentials to quantification of consumptive use are a fully cooperative community, storm and sanitary sewers that are separate, and newer sewer infrastructure and (or) a robust program for limiting infiltration, exfiltration, and inflow.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145176","collaboration":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers- Chicago District","usgsCitation":"Mills, P., Duncker, J.J., Over, T.M., Marian Domanski, Marian Domanski, and Engel, F.L., 2014, Evaluation of a mass-balance approach to determine consumptive water use in northeastern Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5176, viii, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145176.","productDescription":"viii, 90 p.","numberOfPages":"102","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045730","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145176.jpg"},{"id":296317,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5176/"},{"id":296337,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5176/pdf/sir2014-5176.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ed4a3e4b09357f05f8a21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, P.C. pcmills@usgs.gov","contributorId":3810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"P.C.","email":"pcmills@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duncker, James J. 0000-0001-5464-7991 jduncker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5464-7991","contributorId":4316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncker","given":"James","email":"jduncker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Over, Thomas M. 0000-0001-8280-4368 tmover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-4368","contributorId":1819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Over","given":"Thomas","email":"tmover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marian Domanski","contributorId":128046,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Marian Domanski","id":535671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marian Domanski","contributorId":127611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marian Domanski","affiliations":[{"id":7078,"text":"USGS IL WSC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Engel, Frank L. 0000-0002-4253-2625 fengel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4253-2625","contributorId":5463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engel","given":"Frank","email":"fengel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}