Prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) suffer high rates of mortality from plague. An oral sylvatic plague vaccine using the raccoon poxvirus vector (designated RCN-F1/V307) has been developed for prairie dogs. This vaccine is incorporated into palatable bait along with rhodamine B as a biomarker. We conducted trials in August and September 2012 to demonstrate uptake and apparent safety of the RCN-F1/V307 vaccine in two prairie dog species under field conditions. Free-ranging prairie dogs and other associated small rodents readily consumed vaccine-laden baits during field trials with no apparent adverse effects; most sampled prairie dogs (90%) and associated small rodents (78%) had consumed baits. Visual counts of prairie dogs and their burrows revealed no evidence of prairie dog decline after vaccine exposure. No vaccine-related morbidity, mortality, or gross or microscopic lesions were observed. Poxviruses were not isolated from any animal sampled prior to bait distribution or on sites that received placebo baits. We isolated RCN-F1/V307 from 17 prairie dogs and two deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) captured on sites where vaccine-laden baits were distributed. Based on these findings, studies examining the utility and effectiveness of oral vaccination to prevent plague-induced mortality in prairie dogs and associated species are underway.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2014-02-051","usgsCitation":"Tripp, D.W., Rocke, T.E., Streich, S.P., Abbott, R.C., Osorio, J., and Miller, M.W., 2015, Apparent field safety of a raccoon poxvirus-vectored plague vaccine in free-ranging prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.), Colorado, USA: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 51, no. 2, p. 401-410, https://doi.org/10.7589/2014-02-051.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"401","endPage":"410","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059086","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472177,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/2014-02-051","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299760,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.05029296875,\n 41.00477542222949\n ],\n [\n -102.052001953125,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -109.05029296875,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -109.05029296875,\n 41.00477542222949\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55322ebbe4b0b22a158063cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tripp, Daniel W.","contributorId":17910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tripp","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13449,"text":"Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Streich, Sean P.","contributorId":99041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Streich","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":13449,"text":"Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Abbott, Rachel C. 0000-0003-4820-9295 rabbott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4820-9295","contributorId":1183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"Rachel","email":"rabbott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Osorio, Jorge E.","contributorId":50392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osorio","given":"Jorge E.","affiliations":[{"id":13052,"text":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Michael W.","contributorId":140308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13449,"text":"Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70147414,"text":"70147414 - 2015 - Peregrine falcon predation of endangered Laysan teal and Laysan Finches on remote Hawaiian atolls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:42:03","indexId":"70147414","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-065","title":"Peregrine falcon predation of endangered Laysan teal and Laysan Finches on remote Hawaiian atolls","docAbstract":"We report the first records of Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) predation on endangered Laysan teal (or duck; Anas laysanensis) and predation on endangered Laysan finches (Telespiza cantans). At Midway Atoll, vagrant Peregrine falcons killed ≥4% of a newly translocated Laysan teal population in 2006 and ≥2% in 2008. On Laysan Island during 2008–2009, remains of >76 Laysan finches (<1% of the population) were found at peregrine perches. On Midway Atoll, all depredated Laysan teal and other seabirds were recovered at kill sites on tarmac (runways). If the frequency or duration of vagrant raptors visitation increases at small atolls, this could pose a mortality risk to consider, especially during proposed translocations of endangered species. Vegetation restoration of abandoned runways near wetlands at Midway Atoll would provide cover and may help reduce mortality of endangered species due to vagrant raptors.
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Traditional studies of juvenile habitat use have emphasised the evolution of single optimal strategies that maximise recruitment to adulthood and eventual fitness. However, linking the distribution of individual behaviours that contribute to recruitment at the population level has been elusive, particularly for highly fecund aquatic organisms. We examined juvenile habitat use within a population of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) that spawn in a watershed consisting of two interconnected lakes and a marine lagoon. Otolith microchemical analysis revealed that the productive headwater lake accounted for about half of juvenile growth for those individuals surviving to spawn in a single river in the upper watershed. However, 47% of adults had achieved more than half of their juvenile growth in the downstream less productive lake, and 3% of individuals migrated to the estuarine environment during their first summer and returned to freshwater to overwinter before migrating back to sea. These results describe a diversity of viable habitat-use strategies by juvenile sockeye salmon that may buffer the population against poor conditions in any single rearing environment, reduce density-dependent mortality and have implications for the designation of critical habitat for conservation purposes. A network of accessible alternative habitats providing trade-offs in growth and survival may be important for long-term viability of populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12135","usgsCitation":"Walsworth, T.E., Schindler, D.E., Griffiths, J.R., and Zimmerman, C.E., 2015, Diverse juvenile life-history behaviours contribute to the spawning stock of an anadromous fish population: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 24, p. 204-213, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12135.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"204","endPage":"213","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051242","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310362,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chignik Lake system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -159.1094970703125,\n 56.22579478256016\n ],\n [\n -159.1094970703125,\n 56.49813356805866\n ],\n [\n -158.4132385253906,\n 56.49813356805866\n ],\n [\n -158.4132385253906,\n 56.22579478256016\n ],\n [\n -159.1094970703125,\n 56.22579478256016\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562a08bae4b011227bf1fd47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walsworth, Timothy E.","contributorId":149336,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walsworth","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13190,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schindler, Daniel E.","contributorId":83485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schindler","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffiths, Jennifer R.","contributorId":149337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffiths","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13190,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70154787,"text":"70154787 - 2015 - Understanding the Day Cent model: Calibration, sensitivity, and identifiability through inverse modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T12:57:58","indexId":"70154787","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding the Day Cent model: Calibration, sensitivity, and identifiability through inverse modeling","docAbstract":"The ability of biogeochemical ecosystem models to represent agro-ecosystems depends on their correct integration with field observations. We report simultaneous calibration of 67 DayCent model parameters using multiple observation types through inverse modeling using the PEST parameter estimation software. Parameter estimation reduced the total sum of weighted squared residuals by 56% and improved model fit to crop productivity, soil carbon, volumetric soil water content, soil temperature, N2O, and soil3NO− compared to the default simulation. Inverse modeling substantially reduced predictive model error relative to the default model for all model predictions, except for soil 3NO− and 4NH+. Post-processing analyses provided insights into parameter–observation relationships based on parameter correlations, sensitivity and identifiability. Inverse modeling tools are shown to be a powerful way to systematize and accelerate the process of biogeochemical model interrogation, improving our understanding of model function and the underlying ecosystem biogeochemical processes that they represent.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.011","usgsCitation":"Necpalova, M., Anex, R.P., Fienen, M., Del Grosso, S.J., Castellano, M.J., Sawyer, J.E., Iqbal, J., Pantoja, J.L., and Barker, D.W., 2015, Understanding the Day Cent model: Calibration, sensitivity, and identifiability through inverse modeling: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 66, p. 110-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.011.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"130","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061436","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305576,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ef48e4b0bc0bec09f011","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Necpalova, Magdalena","contributorId":145476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Necpalova","given":"Magdalena","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16128,"text":"Department of Biological System Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anex, Robert P.","contributorId":101198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anex","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Del Grosso, Stephen J.","contributorId":145477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Del Grosso","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16129,"text":"Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Castellano, Michael J.","contributorId":145478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castellano","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sawyer, John E.","contributorId":145479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Iqbal, Javed","contributorId":145480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iqbal","given":"Javed","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pantoja, Jose L.","contributorId":145481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pantoja","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barker, Daniel W.","contributorId":145482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barker","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70154949,"text":"70154949 - 2015 - Changes in distribution of Canada geese nesting in Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-30T15:54:03.669412","indexId":"70154949","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1914,"text":"Human-Wildlife Interactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in distribution of Canada geese nesting in Arkansas","docAbstract":"The reintroduced Canada goose (Branta canadensis) population in Arkansas has grown in range and abundance in recent decades. We determined the geographic range of Arkansas resident Canada geese from 2004 to 2012 using volume contour maps from citizen science observations using eBird, a citizen science website, and hunter recovery locations from the U.S. Geological Survey Bird Banding Laboratory. Resulting maps indicate an increase in Canada goose encounters toward northwestern and southwestern Arkansas from the original relocations in the Arkansas River valley. We examined movement of Canada geese banded and recovered in Arkansas by determining the distance and angle of movement between initial and final encounter locations; 25% moved east, and 17% went west. The average distance moved from banding to recovery was 50 km (SE = 1 km). Recoveries of Canada geese banded in Arkansas were greatest in the Mississippi Flyway (58% of all geese) followed by the Central Flyway (37%) with some representation in both the Atlantic (4%) and Pacific flyways (0.9%). Movement from Arkansas to other states and Canada was influenced by goose age and sex. Older individuals traveled longer distances than younger ones, and females traveled longer distances than males. Our findings suggest that recently established Canada geese in Arkansas have slowly expanded within the state to the northwest and southwest with the expansion to the east being important now. Movement of Arkansas resident Canada geese on molt-migration can contribute to management issues in other states and provinces.
","language":"English","publisher":"Berryman Institute","doi":"10.26077/dyfh-rv60","usgsCitation":"Krementz, D.G., and Ronke, M.E., 2015, Changes in distribution of Canada geese nesting in Arkansas: Human-Wildlife Interactions, v. 9, no. 1, p. 101-109, https://doi.org/10.26077/dyfh-rv60.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056675","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.658203125,\n 36.527294814546245\n ],\n [\n -90.17578124999999,\n 36.54494944148322\n ],\n [\n -90.04394531249999,\n 36.43896124085945\n ],\n [\n -90.04394531249999,\n 36.33282808737919\n ],\n [\n -90.37353515625,\n 36.049098959065645\n ],\n [\n -89.67041015625,\n 36.01356058518153\n ],\n [\n -89.71435546875,\n 35.92464453144099\n ],\n [\n -89.69238281249999,\n 35.85343961959182\n ],\n [\n -89.8681640625,\n 35.71083783530009\n ],\n [\n -89.8681640625,\n 35.60371874069731\n ],\n [\n -89.9560546875,\n 35.496456056584165\n ],\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 35.371135022800985\n ],\n [\n -90.06591796875,\n 35.24561909420681\n ],\n [\n -90.19775390625,\n 35.06597313798418\n ],\n [\n -90.263671875,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -90.3955078125,\n 34.813803317113155\n ],\n [\n -90.46142578125,\n 34.651285198954156\n ],\n [\n -90.54931640625,\n 34.452218472826566\n ],\n [\n -90.703125,\n 34.32529192442733\n ],\n [\n -90.90087890624999,\n 34.17999758688084\n ],\n [\n -90.9228515625,\n 34.052659421375964\n ],\n [\n -91.03271484375,\n 33.8339199536547\n ],\n [\n -91.07666015625,\n 33.63291573870476\n ],\n [\n -91.07666015625,\n 33.486435450999885\n ],\n [\n -91.07666015625,\n 33.284619968887675\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 33.08233672856376\n ],\n [\n -94.04296874999999,\n 33.04550781490999\n ],\n [\n -94.0869140625,\n 33.578014746143985\n ],\n [\n -94.21875,\n 33.61461929233378\n ],\n [\n -94.50439453125,\n 33.669496972795535\n ],\n [\n -94.482421875,\n 35.38904996691167\n ],\n [\n -94.658203125,\n 36.527294814546245\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfade4b08400b1fe13d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krementz, David G. 0000-0002-5661-4541 dkrementz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5661-4541","contributorId":2827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krementz","given":"David","email":"dkrementz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ronke, M. Eliese","contributorId":146486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ronke","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Eliese","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70128553,"text":"sir20145147 - 2015 - Sources of fine-grained sediment in the Linganore Creek watershed, Frederick and Carroll Counties, Maryland, 2008-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-09T18:06:31.379062","indexId":"sir20145147","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-31T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5147","title":"Sources of fine-grained sediment in the Linganore Creek watershed, Frederick and Carroll Counties, Maryland, 2008-10","docAbstract":"Sediment fingerprinting quantifies the delivery of fine-grained sediment from a watershed and sediment-budget measurements quantify the erosion and deposition of fine-grained sediment. Both approaches were used in the agricultural and forested 147-square-kilometer (km2) Linganore Creek watershed in Maryland from August 1, 2008 through December 31, 2010, to determine the sources of fine-grained (less than 63 microns) sediment, and the amount of fine-grained sediment eroded from and deposited on streambanks, flood plains, channel beds, and agricultural and forested uplands. Sediment-weighted results of sediment fingerprinting for 194 suspended-sediment samples collected during 36 storms indicate that streambanks contributed 52 percent of the annual fine-grained suspended-sediment load, agriculture (cropland and pasture) contributed 45 percent, and forests contributed 3 percent. Fifty-four percent of the Linganore Creek watershed is agriculture and 27 percent is forest.
\nSediment-budget calculations were based on field measurements and photogrammetric analyses and indicated that the highest percentage of fine-grained sediment was eroded from agriculture (86 percent), followed by streambanks (10 percent), forests (3 percent), and the channel bed (less than 1 percent). Results of the sediment budget indicated that the highest percentage of fine-grained sediment was stored in ponds (57 percent), followed by flood plains (32 percent), streambanks (6 percent), and the channel bed (5 percent). Typical of most sediment budgets, the final sediment budget indicated erosion of 4.70 x 107kilograms per year (kg/yr), which is higher than the fine-grained suspended-sediment load leaving the watershed (5.45 x 106kg/yr). The differences in the sediment budget and the measured mass leaving the watershed could be due to an overestimation of erosion using the Cesium-137 method and (or) not adequately defining and measuring storage areas.
\nManagement implications of this study indicate that both agriculture and streambanks are important sources of sediment in Linganore Creek where the delivery of agriculture sediment was 4 percent and the delivery of streambank sediment was 44 percent. Fourth order streambanks, on average, had the highest rates of bank erosion. Combining the sediment fingerprinting and sediment budget results indicates that 96 percent of the eroded fine-grained sediment from agriculture went into storage. Flood plains and ponds are effective storage sites of sediment in the Linganore Creek watershed. Flood plains stored 8 percent of all eroded sediment with 4th and 5th order flood plains, on average, storing the most sediment. Small ponds in the Linganore Creek watershed, which drained 16 percent of the total watershed area, stored 15 percent of all eroded sediment. Channel beds were relatively stable with the greatest erosion generally occurring in 4th and 5th order streams.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145147","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Frederick County, Maryland","usgsCitation":"Gellis, A., Noe, G., Clune, J.W., Myers, M., Hupp, C.R., Schenk, E.R., and Schwarz, G., 2015, Sources of fine-grained sediment in the Linganore Creek watershed, Frederick and Carroll Counties, Maryland, 2008-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5147, Report: vii, 56 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145147.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 56 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-055863","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299230,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145147.jpg"},{"id":299229,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5147/appendix/sir2014-5147_appendices1-13-micron.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1-13","size":"295 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":299227,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5147/"},{"id":299228,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5147/pdf/sir2014-5147.pdf","size":"3.88 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Carroll County, Frederick County","otherGeospatial":"Linganore Creek Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.2998046875,\n 39.36668662525674\n ],\n [\n -77.2998046875,\n 39.534232843612585\n ],\n [\n -77.0529556274414,\n 39.534232843612585\n ],\n [\n -77.0529556274414,\n 39.36668662525674\n ],\n [\n -77.2998046875,\n 39.36668662525674\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bb71ce4b0323842783a30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gellis, Allen C. 0000-0002-3449-2889 agellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-2889","contributorId":1709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellis","given":"Allen C.","email":"agellis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noe, Gregory B. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":2332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clune, John W. 0000-0002-3563-1975 jclune@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-1975","contributorId":864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clune","given":"John","email":"jclune@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Myers, Michael K. mkmyers@usgs.gov","contributorId":5160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"Michael K.","email":"mkmyers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schenk, Edward R. 0000-0001-6886-5754 eschenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-5754","contributorId":2183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Edward","email":"eschenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schwarz, Gregory E. 0000-0002-9239-4566 gschwarz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-4566","contributorId":543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"Gregory E.","email":"gschwarz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5067,"text":"Northeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70144464,"text":"70144464 - 2015 - A comparison between boat-based and diver-based methods for quantifying coral bleaching","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T14:45:38","indexId":"70144464","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-31T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2277,"text":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison between boat-based and diver-based methods for quantifying coral bleaching","docAbstract":"Recent increases in both the frequency and severity of coral bleaching events have spurred numerous surveys to quantify the immediate impacts and monitor the subsequent community response. Most of these efforts utilize conventional diver-based methods, which are inherently time-consuming, expensive, and limited in spatial scope unless they deploy large teams of scientifically-trained divers. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the Along-Track Reef Imaging System (ATRIS), an automated image-acquisition technology, for assessing a moderate bleaching event that occurred in the summer of 2011 in the Florida Keys. More than 100,000 images were collected over 2.7 km of transects spanning four patch reefs in a 3-h period. In contrast, divers completed 18, 10-m long transects at nine patch reefs over a 5-day period. Corals were assigned to one of four categories: not bleached, pale, partially bleached, and bleached. The prevalence of bleaching estimated by ATRIS was comparable to the results obtained by divers, but only for corals > 41 cm in size. The coral size-threshold computed for ATRIS in this study was constrained by prevailing environmental conditions (turbidity and sea state) and, consequently, needs to be determined on a study-by-study basis. Both ATRIS and diver-based methods have innate strengths and weaknesses that must be weighed with respect to project goals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2015.02.017","usgsCitation":"Zawada, D., Ruzicka, R., and Colella, M.A., 2015, A comparison between boat-based and diver-based methods for quantifying coral bleaching: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 467, p. 39-44, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2015.02.017.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059720","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299225,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335271,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F73N21H0","text":"ATRIS Seafloor Images – West Turtle Shoal Patch Reef, Rawa Patch Reef, Dustan Rocks Patch Reef, and Thor Patch Reef, Florida, 2011"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Marathon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.15291595458984,\n 24.647017162630366\n ],\n [\n -81.15291595458984,\n 24.798890012311823\n ],\n [\n -80.8919906616211,\n 24.798890012311823\n ],\n [\n -80.8919906616211,\n 24.647017162630366\n ],\n [\n -81.15291595458984,\n 24.647017162630366\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"467","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bb719e4b0323842783a20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zawada, David G. 0000-0003-4547-4878 dzawada@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4547-4878","contributorId":1898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zawada","given":"David G.","email":"dzawada@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruzicka, Rob","contributorId":139978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruzicka","given":"Rob","affiliations":[{"id":13340,"text":"Fish & Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colella, Michael A.","contributorId":139979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colella","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13340,"text":"Fish & Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70144390,"text":"ofr20151032 - 2015 - U.S. Geological Survey Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Roadmap 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-31T15:59:00","indexId":"ofr20151032","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-31T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1032","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Roadmap 2014","docAbstract":"The U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) is responsible for protecting the natural resources and heritage contained on almost 20 percent of the land in the United States. This responsibility requires acquisition of remotely sensed data throughout vast lands, including areas that are remote and potentially dangerous to access. One promising new technology for data collection is unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), which may be better suited (achieving superior science, safety, and savings) than traditional methods. UAS, regardless of their size, have the same operational components: aircraft, payloads, communications unit, and operator control unit. The aircraft is the platform that flies and carries any required payloads. For Department of the Interior missions these payloads will be either a sensor or set of sensors that can acquire the specific type of remotely sensed data that is needed. The aircraft will also carry the payload that is responsible for transmitting live airborne video images, compass headings, and location information to the operator control unit. The communications unit, which transfers information between the aircraft and the operator control unit, consists of the hardware and software required to establish both uplink and downlink communications. Finally, the operator control unit both controls and monitors the aircraft and can be operated either by a pilot on the ground or autonomously.
\nThis Roadmap provides operational procedures and lessons learned from completed proof-of-concept UAS missions in areas such as wildlife management, resource monitoring, and public land inspections. This information provides not only an implementation framework but can also help increase the awareness by resource managers, scientists, and others of the ability of UAS technology to advance data quality, improve personnel safety, and reduce data acquisition costs.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151032","usgsCitation":"Cress, J.J., Hutt, M.E., Sloan, J.L., Bauer, M., Feller, M.R., and Goplen, S.E., 2015, U.S. Geological Survey Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Roadmap 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1032, vii, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151032.","productDescription":"vii, 60 p.","numberOfPages":"67","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2014-01-01","temporalEnd":"2014-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-056228","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151032.jpg"},{"id":299222,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1032/"},{"id":299223,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1032/pdf/ofr2015-1032.pdf","size":"9.88 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bb71de4b0323842783a32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cress, Jill J. jjcress@usgs.gov","contributorId":1600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cress","given":"Jill","email":"jjcress@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutt, Michael E. 0000-0002-3869-6096 mehutt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3869-6096","contributorId":5037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutt","given":"Michael","email":"mehutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sloan, Jeff L. jlsloan@usgs.gov","contributorId":3918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloan","given":"Jeff","email":"jlsloan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauer, Mark A. mabauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Mark A.","email":"mabauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Feller, Mark R. mrfeller@usgs.gov","contributorId":3904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feller","given":"Mark","email":"mrfeller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Goplen, Susan E. segoplen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goplen","given":"Susan","email":"segoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70169232,"text":"70169232 - 2015 - A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH4 and CO2 production from anoxic soil incubations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-24T13:36:03","indexId":"70169232","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-31T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH4 and CO2 production from anoxic soil incubations","docAbstract":"Permafrost thaw can alter the soil environment through changes in soil moisture, frequently resulting in soil saturation, a shift to anaerobic decomposition, and changes in the plant community. These changes, along with thawing of previously frozen organic material, can alter the form and magnitude of greenhouse gas production from permafrost ecosystems. We synthesized existing methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) production measurements from anaerobic incubations of boreal and tundra soils from the geographic permafrost region to evaluate large-scale controls of anaerobic CO2 and CH4 production and compare the relative importance of landscape-level factors (e.g., vegetation type and landscape position), soil properties (e.g., pH, depth, and soil type), and soil environmental conditions (e.g., temperature and relative water table position). We found fivefold higher maximum CH4 production per gram soil carbon from organic soils than mineral soils. Maximum CH4 production from soils in the active layer (ground that thaws and refreezes annually) was nearly four times that of permafrost per gram soil carbon, and CH4 production per gram soil carbon was two times greater from sites without permafrost than sites with permafrost. Maximum CH4 and median anaerobic CO2 production decreased with depth, while CO2:CH4 production increased with depth. Maximum CH4 production was highest in soils with herbaceous vegetation and soils that were either consistently or periodically inundated. This synthesis identifies the need to consider biome, landscape position, and vascular/moss vegetation types when modeling CH4 production in permafrost ecosystems and suggests the need for longer-term anaerobic incubations to fully capture CH4 dynamics. Our results demonstrate that as climate warms in arctic and boreal regions, rates of anaerobic CO2 and CH4 production will increase, not only as a result of increased temperature, but also from shifts in vegetation and increased ground saturation that will accompany permafrost thaw.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12875","usgsCitation":"Treat, C.C., Natali, S.M., Ernakovich, J., Iverson, C.M., Lupasco, M., McGuire, A.D., Norby, R.J., Roy Chowdhury, T., Richter, A., Santruckova, H., Schädel, C., Schuur, E.A., Sloan, V.L., Turetsky, M.R., and Waldrop, M.P., 2015, A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH4 and CO2 production from anoxic soil incubations: Global Change Biology, v. 21, no. 7, p. 2787-2803, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12875.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2787","endPage":"2803","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057724","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1401374","text":"External Repository"},{"id":319369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Pan-Arctic circle","volume":"21","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50face4b0f59b85e1ea62","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gcb.12875","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12875","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Treat Claire C., Natali Susan M., Ernakovich Jessica, Iversen Colleen M., Lupascu Massimo, McGuire Anthony David, Norby Richard J., Roy Chowdhury Taniya, Richter Andreas, Šantrůčková Hana, Schädel Christina, Schuur Edward A. 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Ecosystems subjected to novel fire regimes may experience profound changes that are difficult to predict, including persistent losses of vegetation cover and diversity (McLaughlin and Bowers, 1982; Brown and Minnich, 1986; Brooks, 2012), losses to seed banks (Esque and others, 2010a), changes in demographic processes (Esque and others, 2004; DeFalco and others, 2010), increased erosion (Soulard and others, 2013), changes in nutrient availability (Esque and others, 2010b), increased dominance of invasive species (Esque and others, 2002; Brooks and others, 2004), and transitions to alternative community states (Davies and others, 2012). In the deserts of the Southwestern United States, fire size and frequency have increased substantially over the last several decades because of an invasive grass/fire feedback cycle (Schmid and Rogers, 1988; D’Antonio and Vitousek, 1992; Swantek and others, 1999; Brooks and Matchett, 2006; Esque and others, 2010a), in which invasive annual species are able to establish fuel loads capable of sustaining large-scale wildfires following years of high rainfall (Esque and Schwalbe, 2002). Native perennial vegetation is not well-adapted to fire in these environments, and widespread, physiognomically dominant species such as creosote bush (Larrea tridentata), Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia), giant saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea), and paloverde (Parkinsonia spp.) may be reduced or eliminated (Brown and Minnich, 1986; Esque and others, 2006; DeFalco and others, 2010), potentially affecting wildlife populations including the Sonoran and federally threatened Mojave Desert Tortoises (Gopherus morafkai and Gopherus agassizii, respectively; Brooks and Esque, 2002; Esque and others, 2003; Drake and others, in press).
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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151033","usgsCitation":"Armstrong, B.N., Warner, J., List, J., Martini, M.A., Montgomery, E., Traykovski, P.A., and Voulgaris, G., 2015, Coastal Change Processes Project data report for oceanographic observations near Fire Island, New York, February through May 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1033, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151033.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2014-02-01","temporalEnd":"2014-05-31","ipdsId":"IP-058379","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299185,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151033.JPG"},{"id":299184,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1033/ofr2015-1033-title_page.html","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Report"},{"id":299183,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1033/"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Fire Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.25580596923828,\n 40.57367441074245\n ],\n [\n -73.25614929199219,\n 40.63141174632644\n ],\n [\n -73.06629180908203,\n 40.66918118282895\n ],\n [\n -73.06629180908203,\n 40.57367441074245\n ],\n [\n -73.25580596923828,\n 40.57367441074245\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bb71ae4b0323842783a24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armstrong, Brandy N. barmstrong@usgs.gov","contributorId":138581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Brandy","email":"barmstrong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"List, Jeffrey H. jlist@usgs.gov","contributorId":138582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"Jeffrey H.","email":"jlist@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martini, Marinna A. 0000-0002-7757-5158 mmartini@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7757-5158","contributorId":2456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martini","given":"Marinna","email":"mmartini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Montgomery, Ellyn T. emontgomery@usgs.gov","contributorId":138583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"Ellyn T.","email":"emontgomery@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Traykovski, Peter A. 0000-0002-8163-6857","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8163-6857","contributorId":69487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Traykovski","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Voulgaris, George","contributorId":26377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voulgaris","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27143,"text":"University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70168446,"text":"70168446 - 2015 - Cryovolcanism in the outer solar system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-07T14:05:28","indexId":"70168446","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Cryovolcanism in the outer solar system","docAbstract":"Cryovolcanism is defined as the extrusion of liquids and vapors of materials that would be frozen solid at the planetary surface temperatures of the icy bodies of the outer solar system. Active cryovolcanism is now known to occur on Saturn's moon Enceladus and on Neptune's moon Triton and is suspected on Jupiter's moon Europa, while evidence for past cryovolcanic activity is widespread throughout the outer solar system. This chapter examines the mechanisms and manifestations of cryovolcanism, beginning with a review of the materials that make up these unusual ‘‘magmas’’ and the means by which they might erupt and concluding with a volcanologist's tour of the farthest reaches of the solar system.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The encyclopedia of volcanoes","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","usgsCitation":"Geissler, P.E., 2015, Cryovolcanism in the outer solar system, chap. of The encyclopedia of volcanoes, p. 763-778.","productDescription":"16 p. 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This study was designed to evaluate impacts of projected stover harvest scenarios on budgets of soil nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) currently and in the future across the conterminous United States. The required and removed N, P, and K amounts under each scenario were estimated on the basis of both their average contents in grain and stover and from an empirical model. Our analyses indicate a small depletion of soil N (−4 ± 35 kg ha−1) and K (−6 ± 36 kg ha−1) and a moderate surplus of P (37 ± 21 kg ha−1) currently on the national average, but with a noticeable variation from state to state. After harvesting both grain and projected stover, the deficits of soil N, P, and K were estimated at 114–127, 26–27, and 36–53 kg ha−1 yr−1, respectively, in 2006–2010; 131–173, 29–32, and 41–96 kg ha−1 yr−1, respectively, in 2020; and 161–207, 35–39, and 51–111 kg ha−1 yr−1, respectively, in 2050. This study indicates that the harvestable stover amount derived from the minimum stover requirement for maintaining soil organic carbon level scenarios under current fertilization rates can be sustainable for soil nutrient supply and corn production at present, but the deficit of P and K at the national scale would become larger in the future.
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These airborne geophysical surveys provide high-resolution and spatially comprehensive datasets characterizing the resistivity structure of the shallow subsurface of each survey region, accompanied by magnetic-field information over matching areas. These data were collected to provide insight into the distribution of groundwater brine in the Paradox Valley, the extent of clay aquitards in the San Luis Valley, and to improve our understanding of the geologic framework for both regions. This report describes these contracted surveys and releases digital data supplied under contract to the USGS.
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J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489 tien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"tien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Bruce D. 0000-0002-1643-2997 bsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-2997","contributorId":845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Bruce","email":"bsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70139236,"text":"ds903 - 2015 - Archive of sediment data from vibracores collected in 2010 offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-30T13:48:16","indexId":"ds903","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"903","title":"Archive of sediment data from vibracores collected in 2010 offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands","docAbstract":"In 2010, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center collected sediment cores from coastal waters offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands. With funding support from the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) Ecosystem Change and Hazard Susceptibility project, 65 subaqueous sediment cores were collected over an area of 480 square kilometers (km2), from Ship Island to Petit Bois Island Pass, Mississippi, within the boundary of Gulf Islands National Seashore. This represents only a fraction of the total area encompassed by the NGOM project, which extends from Sabine Lake, Louisiana, to Perdido Bay, Alabama. The primary objectives of the NGOM project are to understand the evolution of coastal ecosystems on the northern gulf coast, the impact of human activities on these ecosystems, and the vulnerability of ecosystems and human communities to more frequent and intense hurricanes in the future.
\nSelection of the core site locations was based on geophysical surveys conducted around the islands from 2008 to 2010. The surveys, using acoustic systems to image and interpret the nearsurface stratigraphy, were conducted to investigate the geologic controls on island evolution. This data series serves as an archive of sediment data collected from August to September 2010, offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands. Data products, including descriptive core logs, core photographs, results of sediment grain-size analyses, sample location maps, and geographic information system (GIS) data files with accompanying formal Federal Geographic Data Committee (FDGC) metadata can be downloaded from the data products and downloads page.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds903","usgsCitation":"Kelso, K.W., and Flocks, J.G., 2015, Archive of sediment data from vibracores collected in 2010 offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 903, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds903.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","ipdsId":"IP-055663","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299140,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds903.jpg"},{"id":299139,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0903/html/ds903_abstract.html","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Report"},{"id":299130,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0903/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi barrier islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.20074462890625,\n 30.168875561169088\n ],\n [\n -89.20074462890625,\n 30.285159872426014\n ],\n [\n -88.36578369140625,\n 30.285159872426014\n ],\n [\n -88.36578369140625,\n 30.168875561169088\n ],\n [\n -89.20074462890625,\n 30.168875561169088\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551a65a0e4b03238427833ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelso, Kyle W. 0000-0003-0615-242X kkelso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0615-242X","contributorId":4307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelso","given":"Kyle","email":"kkelso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70144438,"text":"70144438 - 2015 - Variables and potential models for the bleaching of luminescence signals in fluvial environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-30T14:29:49","indexId":"70144438","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variables and potential models for the bleaching of luminescence signals in fluvial environments","docAbstract":"Luminescence dating of fluvial sediments rests on the assumption that sufficient sunlight is available to remove a previously obtained signal in a process deemed bleaching. However, luminescence signals obtained from sediment in the active channels of rivers often contain residual signals. This paper explores and attempts to build theoretical models for the bleaching of luminescence signals in fluvial settings. We present two models, one for sediment transported in an episodic manner, such as flood-driven washes in arid environments, and one for sediment transported in a continuous manner, such as in large continental scale rivers. The episodic flow model assumes that the majority of sediment is bleached while exposed to sunlight at the near surface between flood events and predicts a power-law decay in luminescence signal with downstream transport distance. The continuous flow model is developed by combining the Beer–Lambert law for the attenuation of light through a water column with a general-order kinetics equation to produce an equation with the form of a double negative exponential. The inflection point of this equation is compared with the sediment concentration from a Rouse profile to derive a non-dimensional number capable of assessing the likely extent of bleaching for a given set of luminescence and fluvial parameters. Although these models are theoretically based and not yet necessarily applicable to real-world fluvial systems, we introduce these ideas to stimulate discussion and encourage the development of comprehensive bleaching models with predictive power.
","conferenceTitle":"9th New World Luminescence Dating Workshop","conferenceDate":"August 16-18, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Logan, UT","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2014.11.007","usgsCitation":"Gray, H.J., and Mahan, S., 2015, Variables and potential models for the bleaching of luminescence signals in fluvial environments: Quaternary International, v. 362, p. 42-49, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.11.007.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"49","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054895","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299144,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"362","edition":"362","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551a65bbe4b032384278347a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, Harrison J. 0000-0002-4555-7473 hgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4555-7473","contributorId":4991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Harrison","email":"hgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":1215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70137943,"text":"ds910 - 2015 - Chemicals of emerging concern in water and bottom sediment in the Great Lakes Basin, 2012: collection methods, analytical methods, quality assurance, and study data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-14T10:19:07","indexId":"ds910","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"910","title":"Chemicals of emerging concern in water and bottom sediment in the Great Lakes Basin, 2012: collection methods, analytical methods, quality assurance, and study data","docAbstract":"In synoptic surveys of surface-water quality across the United States, a large group of organic chemicals associated with agricultural, household, and industrial waste have been detected. These chemicals are referred to collectively as chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) and include prescription drugs and antibiotics, over-the-counter medications, reproductive hormones, personal-care products, detergent metabolites, and flame retardants.
\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collaborated with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on a study to identify the presence of CECs in water and bottom-sediment samples collected during 2012 at 66 sites throughout the Great Lakes Basin. The 2012 effort is part of a long-term study that was initiated in 2010.
\nThe purposes of this report are to document the collection and analytical methods, provide the quality-assurance data and analyses, and provide the water and bottom-sediment data for this study of CECs in the Great Lakes Basin for 2012. A previous report documents data collected during 2010 and 2011. The methods used for chemical analyses were identical between the 2010–11 and 2012 studies, with the exception that a method to determine nontarget chemicals was used during 2010–11. The data from this study are published as a USGS Data Series Report to ensure adequate documentation of the original methods and provide a citable source for study data. This report contains no interpretations of the study data. The chemical data are as reported by the laboratory and have not been censored or adjusted unless otherwise noted.
\nField measurements were recorded and samples were collected in April and May and in September 2012, by U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency personnel. Study sites included tributaries to the Great Lakes located near Duluth, Minnesota; King, Wisconsin; Green Bay, Wis.; Detroit, Michigan; Monroe, Mich.; Toledo, Ohio, and Rochester, New York. Water and bottom-sediment samples were analyzed at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory in Denver, Colorado, for a broad suite of CECs.
\nDuring this 2012 study, 140 environmental and 8 field duplicate samples of surface water and wastewater effluent, 1 field blank water sample, and 5 field spike water samples were collected or prepared. Water samples were analyzed at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory using laboratory schedule 4433 for wastewater indicators, research method 8244 for pharmaceuticals, and laboratory schedule 4434 for steroid hormones, sterols, and bisphenol A. For wastewater indicators in unfiltered water, 61 of the 68 chemicals analyzed using laboratory schedule 4433 had detectable concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 64.4 micrograms per liter. Thirty-eight of the 48 chemicals analyzed using research method 8244 for pharmaceuticals in unfiltered water had detectable concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 3.32 micrograms per liter. Twelve of the 20 chemicals analyzed using laboratory schedule 4434 for steroid hormones, sterols, and bisphenol A in unfiltered water had detectable concentrations ranging from 0.43 to 120,000 nanograms per liter.
\nDuring this study, 53 environmental samples, 4 field duplicate samples, and 8 field spike samples of bottom sediment and laboratory matrix-spike samples were analyzed for a wide variety of CECs at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory using laboratory schedule 5433 for wastewater indicators; research method 6434 for steroid hormones, sterols, and bisphenol A; and research method 9008 for human-use pharmaceuticals and antidepressants. Forty of the 57 chemicals analyzed using laboratory schedule 5433 had detectable concentrations ranging from 1 to 49,000 micrograms per kilogram. Fourteen of the 20 chemicals analyzed using research method 6434 had detectable concentrations ranging from 0.04 to 24,940 nanograms per gram. Ten of the 20 chemicals analyzed using research method 9008 had detectable concentrations ranging from 0.59 to 197.5 micrograms per kilogram. Five of the 11 chemicals analyzed using research method 9008 had detectable concentrations ranging from 1.16 to 25.0 micrograms per kilogram.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds910","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Lee, K., Langer, S., Menheer, M.A., Hansen, D.S., Foreman, W., Furlong, E.T., Jorgenson, Z.G., Choy, S.J., Moore, J.N., Banda, J., and Gefell, D.J., 2015, Chemicals of emerging concern in water and bottom sediment in the Great Lakes Basin, 2012: collection methods, analytical methods, quality assurance, and study data: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 910, Report:vi, 14 p.; 2 Appendices; 6 Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds910.","productDescription":"Report:vi, 14 p.; 2 Appendices; 6 Tables","startPage":"14","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2012-04-01","temporalEnd":"2012-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-043757","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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J.","contributorId":138668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Choy","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Moore, Jeremy N.","contributorId":138669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Banda, JoAnn","contributorId":138670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banda","given":"JoAnn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Gefell, Daniel J.","contributorId":138671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gefell","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70144439,"text":"70144439 - 2015 - Impacts of climate change on the formation and stability of late Quaternary sand sheets and falling dunes, Black Mesa region, southern Colorado Plateau, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-30T14:26:25","indexId":"70144439","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of climate change on the formation and stability of late Quaternary sand sheets and falling dunes, Black Mesa region, southern Colorado Plateau, USA","docAbstract":"Detailed geomorphic mapping and analysis of soil-stratigraphy and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of eolian sand dunes on Black Mesa, Arizona, reveal eolian sediment deposition occurred from 30 to 16 ka, followed by a period of widespread dune stabilization from 12 to 8 ka. Localized reactivation of the previously stabilized dune forms or local changes in sediment supply have occurred in the middle to late Holocene in this region. Cooler, wetter, and more variable climatic conditions during MIS 3 and 2 led to increased channel and floodplain sediment supply. Eolian sediment derived from these sources was transported up to 60 km. Deposition of this material has reduced regional topographic roughness by filling tributary canyon ‘traps’ oriented perpendicular to the dominant wind and sediment transport direction. Topographically controlled falling dunes and sand ramps in this region are preserved because of their geomorphic position and provide evidence of the paleoenvironmental state of the fluvial and eolian systems before, during, and immediately after the last glacial maximum on the southern Colorado Plateau.
\nWidely used predictive models of eolian system dynamics are typically based entirely on climatic variables and do not account for landscape complexity and geomorphic history. Climate-only assumptions fail to give accurate predictions of the dynamics of this and many other dune fields. A growing body of work suggests that eolian deposits in wind-driven semiarid climates may be more strongly related to increases in sediment supply than to increases in aridity.
","conferenceTitle":"9th New World Luminescence Dating Workshop","conferenceDate":"August 16-18, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Logan, UT","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2014.10.015","usgsCitation":"Ellwein, A.L., Mahan, S., and McFadden, L.D., 2015, Impacts of climate change on the formation and stability of late Quaternary sand sheets and falling dunes, Black Mesa region, southern Colorado Plateau, USA: Quaternary International, v. 362, p. 87-107, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.10.015.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"107","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053887","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299143,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Black Mesa, Colorado Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.269775390625,\n 36.79169061907076\n ],\n [\n -109.522705078125,\n 36.27085020723905\n ],\n [\n -110.9344482421875,\n 35.15135442846945\n ],\n [\n -111.741943359375,\n 35.88905007936091\n ],\n [\n -110.5609130859375,\n 36.79169061907076\n ],\n [\n -110.269775390625,\n 36.79169061907076\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"362","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551a65aee4b032384278342d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellwein, Amy L.","contributorId":35916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellwein","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":1215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McFadden, Leslie D.","contributorId":139971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McFadden","given":"Leslie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13339,"text":"University of New Mexico, Albuquerque","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70144437,"text":"70144437 - 2015 - Luminescence dating of anthropogenic features of the San Luis Valley, Colorado: from stone huts to stone walls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-30T11:31:46","indexId":"70144437","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Luminescence dating of anthropogenic features of the San Luis Valley, Colorado: from stone huts to stone walls","docAbstract":"The Snake Nest Wall site and the Crestone Stone Huts are in the northern San Luis Valley, Colorado, and provide a unique opportunity to date high-altitude archeological sites of unknown age and origin using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). We sampled sediment underlying foundation stones of these structures to establish a chronological framework for each site's construction. OSL dating of the quartz grains directly under the Snake Nest Wall suggest that the stones and, therefore, the structure was most recently emplaced between 1855 and 1890 A.D. Dating of the sediment beneath the Crestone Stone Huts suggests the construction time of these huts is between 1860 and 1890 A.D. Analysis of the equivalent dose (DE) dispersion of the OSL samples at Snake Nest Wall and the Crestone Huts shows that the majority of sediments were fully bleached prior to deposition and the low scatter suggests that short-term or shallow alluvial processes were the dominant transport for sediments. In both cases, the OSL ages show that the construction was during very recent historical times, although it is likely that the Snake Nest Wall was rebuilt in the late 19th century. Further study is warranted at the Snake Nest Wall since it shows signs of greater antiquity and a continued presence of human use. The Crestone Huts are shown to be a product of railroad building during the boomtown days of Lucky and Crestone.
","conferenceTitle":"9th New World Luminescence Dating Workshop","conferenceDate":"August 16-18, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Logan, UT","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.067","usgsCitation":"Mahan, S., Donlan, R.A., and Kardos, B.M., 2015, Luminescence dating of anthropogenic features of the San Luis Valley, Colorado: from stone huts to stone walls: Quaternary International, v. 362, p. 50-62, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.067.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"50","endPage":"62","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053889","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299128,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Luis Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.0675048828125,\n 37.8813571797486\n ],\n [\n -106.0675048828125,\n 38.16371559639459\n ],\n [\n -105.6170654296875,\n 38.16371559639459\n ],\n [\n -105.6170654296875,\n 37.8813571797486\n ],\n [\n -106.0675048828125,\n 37.8813571797486\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"362","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551a65b0e4b032384278343b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahan, Shannon 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":1215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donlan, Rebecca A.","contributorId":139969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donlan","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13338,"text":"Native American Research and Preservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kardos, Barbara Maat","contributorId":139970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kardos","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"Maat","affiliations":[{"id":5119,"text":"Retired from U.S. Geological Survey, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, 2327 University Way, suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70144376,"text":"70144376 - 2015 - Integrating gene transcription-based biomarkers to understand desert tortoise and ecosystem health","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-09T10:28:22","indexId":"70144376","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1443,"text":"EcoHealth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating gene transcription-based biomarkers to understand desert tortoise and ecosystem health","docAbstract":"Tortoises are susceptible to a wide variety of environmental stressors, and the influence of human disturbances on health and survival of tortoises is difficult to detect. As an addition to current diagnostic methods for desert tortoises, we have developed the first leukocyte gene transcription biomarker panel for the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii), enhancing the ability to identify specific environmental conditions potentially linked to declining animal health. Blood leukocyte transcript profiles have the potential to identify physiologically stressed animals in lieu of clinical signs. For desert tortoises, the gene transcript profile included a combination of immune or detoxification response genes with the potential to be modified by biological or physical injury and consequently provide information on the type and magnitude of stressors present in the animal’s habitat. Blood from 64 wild adult tortoises at three sites in Clark County, NV, and San Bernardino, CA, and from 19 captive tortoises in Clark County, NV, was collected and evaluated for genes indicative of physiological status. Statistical analysis using a priori groupings indicated significant differences among groups for several genes, while multidimensional scaling and cluster analyses of transcriptionC T values indicated strong differentiation of a large cluster and multiple outlying individual tortoises or small clusters in multidimensional space. These analyses highlight the effectiveness of the gene panel at detecting environmental perturbations as well as providing guidance in determining the health of the desert tortoise.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10393-014-0998-8","usgsCitation":"Bowen, L., Miles, A.K., Drake, K.K., Waters-Dynes, S.C., Esque, T., and Nussear, K.E., 2015, Integrating gene transcription-based biomarkers to understand desert tortoise and ecosystem health: EcoHealth, v. 12, no. 3, p. 501-512, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-014-0998-8.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"501","endPage":"512","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061776","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","county":"Clark County, San Bernardino County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.7137451171875,\n 35.07046911981966\n ],\n [\n -115.27954101562499,\n 35.516578738902936\n ],\n [\n -115.24658203125,\n 35.831174956246535\n ],\n [\n -115.17791748046875,\n 35.92464453144099\n ],\n [\n -115.059814453125,\n 35.79553849799263\n ],\n [\n -114.97192382812499,\n 35.69187929931617\n ],\n [\n -114.71923828124999,\n 35.68184060244453\n ],\n [\n -114.7137451171875,\n 35.07046911981966\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.08541870117188,\n 35.12777117397315\n ],\n [\n -117.08541870117188,\n 35.62716331859532\n ],\n [\n -116.1639404296875,\n 35.62716331859532\n ],\n [\n -116.1639404296875,\n 35.12777117397315\n ],\n [\n -117.08541870117188,\n 35.12777117397315\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551a65afe4b0323842783432","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Lizabeth 0000-0001-9115-4336 lbowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9115-4336","contributorId":4539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Lizabeth","email":"lbowen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miles, A. 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Kristina 0000-0003-0711-7634 kdrake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0711-7634","contributorId":3799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"K.","email":"kdrake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kristina","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waters-Dynes, Shannon C. 0000-0002-9707-4684 swaters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9707-4684","contributorId":5826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waters-Dynes","given":"Shannon","email":"swaters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":139953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E. knussear@usgs.gov","contributorId":2695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"knussear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70144383,"text":"70144383 - 2015 - Ecological drivers of variation in tool-use frequency across sea otter populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-30T10:54:05","indexId":"70144383","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":981,"text":"Behavioral Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological drivers of variation in tool-use frequency across sea otter populations","docAbstract":"Sea otters are well-known tool users, employing objects such as rocks or shells to break open hard-shelled invertebrate prey. However, little is known about how the frequency of tool use varies among sea otter populations and the factors that drive these differences. We examined 17 years of observational data on prey capture and tool use from 8 sea otter populations ranging from southern California to the Aleutian Islands in Alaska. There were significant differences in the diets of these populations as well as variation in the frequency of tool use. Sea otters at Amchitka Island, Alaska, used tools on less than 1% of dives that resulted in the capture of prey compared with approximately 16% in Monterey, California. The percentage of individuals in the population that used tools ranged from 10% to 93%. In all populations, marine snails and thick-shelled bivalves were most likely to be associated with tool use, whereas soft-bodied prey items such as worms and sea stars were the least likely. The probability that a tool would be used on a given prey type varied across populations. The morphology of the prey item being handled and the prevalence of various types of prey in local diets were major ecological drivers of tool use: together they accounted for about 64% of the variation in tool-use frequency among populations. The remaining variation may be related to changes in the relative costs and benefits to an individual otter of learning to use tools effectively under differing ecological circumstances.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/beheco/aru220","usgsCitation":"Fujii, J., Ralls, K., and Tinker, M.T., 2015, Ecological drivers of variation in tool-use frequency across sea otter populations: Behavioral Ecology, v. 26, no. 2, p. 519-526, https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/aru220.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"519","endPage":"526","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061103","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska, California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -182.61474609375,\n 50.65294336725709\n ],\n [\n -182.61474609375,\n 52.281601868071434\n ],\n [\n -175.14404296874997,\n 52.281601868071434\n ],\n [\n -175.14404296874997,\n 50.65294336725709\n ],\n [\n -182.61474609375,\n 50.65294336725709\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -136.5655517578125,\n 58.09820267068277\n ],\n [\n -136.5655517578125,\n 58.819430209826066\n ],\n [\n -135.85693359375,\n 58.819430209826066\n ],\n [\n -135.85693359375,\n 58.09820267068277\n ],\n [\n -136.5655517578125,\n 58.09820267068277\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.89331054687499,\n 36.70365959719456\n ],\n [\n -121.89331054687499,\n 36.38591277287651\n ],\n [\n -120.640869140625,\n 35.110921809704756\n ],\n [\n -120.640869140625,\n 34.56990638085636\n ],\n [\n -120.36621093749999,\n 34.42503613021332\n ],\n [\n -119.17968749999999,\n 33.27543541298162\n ],\n [\n -119.520263671875,\n 32.95336814579932\n ],\n [\n -121.31103515625,\n 34.31621838080741\n ],\n [\n -122.73925781250001,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -121.89331054687499,\n 36.70365959719456\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551a65a8e4b032384278340e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fujii, Jessica 0000-0003-4794-479X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4794-479X","contributorId":139956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujii","given":"Jessica","affiliations":[{"id":6953,"text":"Monterey Bay Aquarium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ralls, Katherine","contributorId":37900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ralls","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7035,"text":"Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70146703,"text":"70146703 - 2015 - Embryonic and larval development and early behavior in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella: implications for recruitment in rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-21T09:09:03","indexId":"70146703","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Embryonic and larval development and early behavior in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella: implications for recruitment in rivers","docAbstract":"With recent findings of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella in tributaries of the Great Lakes, information on developmental rate and larval behavior is critical to efforts to assess the potential for establishment within the tributaries of that region. In laboratory experiments, grass carp were spawned and eggs and larvae reared at two temperature treatments, one \"cold\" and one \"warm\", and tracked for developmental rate, egg size, and behavior. Developmental rate was quantified using Yi's (1988) developmental stages and the cumulative thermal units method. Grass carp had a thermal minimum of 13.5°C for embryonic stages and 13.3°C for larval stages. Egg size was related to temperature and maternal size, with the largest eggs coming from the largest females, and eggs were generally larger in warmer treatments. Young grass carp larvae exhibited upward and downward swimming interspersed with long periods of lying on the bottom. Swimming capacity increased with ontogeny, and larvae were capable of horizontal swimming and position holding with gas bladder emergence. Developmental rates, behavior, and egg attributes can be used in combination with physical parameters of a river to assess the risk that grass carp are capable of reproduction and recruitment in rivers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0119023","usgsCitation":"George, A.E., and Chapman, D., 2015, Embryonic and larval development and early behavior in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella: implications for recruitment in rivers: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 3, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119023.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056158","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119023","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"553774ade4b0b22a1580850d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"George, Amy E. 0000-0003-1150-8646 ageorge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-8646","contributorId":3950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Amy","email":"ageorge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70146016,"text":"70146016 - 2015 - Pairing call-response surveys and distance sampling for a mammalian carnivore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-27T16:08:32","indexId":"70146016","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pairing call-response surveys and distance sampling for a mammalian carnivore","docAbstract":"Density estimates accounting for differential animal detectability are difficult to acquire for wide-ranging and elusive species such as mammalian carnivores. Pairing distance sampling with call-response surveys may provide an efficient means of tracking changes in populations of coyotes (Canis latrans), a species of particular interest in the eastern United States. Blind field trials in rural New York State indicated 119-m linear error for triangulated coyote calls, and a 1.8-km distance threshold for call detectability, which was sufficient to estimate a detection function with precision using distance sampling. We conducted statewide road-based surveys with sampling locations spaced ≥6 km apart from June to August 2010. Each detected call (be it a single or group) counted as a single object, representing 1 territorial pair, because of uncertainty in the number of vocalizing animals. From 524 survey points and 75 detections, we estimated the probability of detecting a calling coyote to be 0.17 ± 0.02 SE, yielding a detection-corrected index of 0.75 pairs/10 km2 (95% CI: 0.52–1.1, 18.5% CV) for a minimum of 8,133 pairs across rural New York State. Importantly, we consider this an index rather than true estimate of abundance given the unknown probability of coyote availability for detection during our surveys. Even so, pairing distance sampling with call-response surveys provided a novel, efficient, and noninvasive means of monitoring populations of wide-ranging and elusive, albeit reliably vocal, mammalian carnivores. Our approach offers an effective new means of tracking species like coyotes, one that is readily extendable to other species and geographic extents, provided key assumptions of distance sampling are met.
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K.","affiliations":[{"id":13404,"text":"SUNY College of Environmental Science & Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frair, Jacqueline L.","contributorId":140184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frair","given":"Jacqueline","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13404,"text":"SUNY College of Environmental Science & Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Underwood, Harold B. hbunderw@usgs.gov","contributorId":140182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Underwood","given":"Harold","email":"hbunderw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":544624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gibbs, James P.","contributorId":102418,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbs","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12623,"text":"State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70155853,"text":"70155853 - 2015 - Hydrologic remediation for the Deepwater Horizon incident drove ancillary primary production increase in coastal swamps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T09:34:58","indexId":"70155853","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic remediation for the Deepwater Horizon incident drove ancillary primary production increase in coastal swamps","docAbstract":"As coastal wetlands subside worldwide, there is an urgency to understand the hydrologic drivers and dynamics of plant production and peat accretion. One incidental test of the effects of high rates of discharge on forested wetland production occurred in response to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon incident, in which all diversions in Louisiana were operated at or near their maximum discharge level for an extended period to keep offshore oil from threatened coastal wetlands. Davis Pond Diversion was operated at six times the normal discharge levels for almost 4 months, so that Taxodium distichum swamps downstream of the diversion experienced greater inundation and lower salinity. After this remediation event in 2010, above-ground litter production increased by 2.7 times of production levels in 2007–2011. Biomass of the leaf and reproductive tissues of several species increased; wood litter was minimal and did not change during this period. Root production decreased in 2010 but subsequently returned to pre-remediation values in 2011. Both litter and root production remained high in the second growing season after hydrologic remediation. Annual tree growth (circumference increment) was not significantly altered by the remediation. The potential of freshwater pulses for regulating tidal swamp production is further supported by observations of higher T. distichum growth in lower salinity and/or pulsed environments across the U.S. Gulf Coast. Usage of freshwater pulses to manage altered estuaries deserves further consideration, particularly because the timing and duration of such pulses could influence both primary production and peat accretion.
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