{"pageNumber":"1265","pageRowStart":"31600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40904,"records":[{"id":25487,"text":"wri974219 - 1997 - Estimation of peak-discharge frequency of urban streams in Jefferson County, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:10","indexId":"wri974219","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4219","title":"Estimation of peak-discharge frequency of urban streams in Jefferson County, Kentucky","docAbstract":"An investigation of flood-hydrograph characteristics for streams in urban Jefferson County, Kentucky, was made to obtain hydrologic information needed for waterresources management. Equations for estimating peak-discharge frequencies for ungaged streams in the county were developed by combining (1) long-term annual peakdischarge data and rainfall-runoff data collected from 1991 to 1995 in 13 urban basins and (2) long-term annual peak-discharge data in four rural basins located in hydrologically similar areas of neighboring counties. The basins ranged in size from 1.36 to 64.0 square miles. The U.S. Geological Survey Rainfall- Runoff Model (RRM) was calibrated for each of the urban basins. The calibrated models were used with long-term, historical rainfall and pan-evaporation data to simulate 79 years of annual peak-discharge data. Peak-discharge frequencies were estimated by fitting the logarithms of the annual peak discharges to a Pearson-Type III frequency distribution. The simulated peak-discharge frequencies were adjusted for improved reliability by application of bias-correction factors derived from peakdischarge frequencies based on local, observed annual peak discharges. The three-parameter and the preferred seven-parameter nationwide urban-peak-discharge regression equations previously developed by USGS investigators provided biased (high) estimates for the urban basins studied. Generalized-least-square regression procedures were used to relate peakdischarge frequency to selected basin characteristics. Regression equations were developed to estimate peak-discharge frequency by adjusting peak-dischargefrequency estimates made by use of the threeparameter nationwide urban regression equations. The regression equations are presented in equivalent forms as functions of contributing drainage area, main-channel slope, and basin development factor, which is an index for measuring the efficiency of the basin drainage system. Estimates of peak discharges for streams in the county can be made for the 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year recurrence intervals by use of the regression equations. The average standard errors of prediction of the regression equations ranges from ? 34 to ? 45 percent. The regression equations are applicable to ungaged streams in the county having a specific range of basin characteristics.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974219","usgsCitation":"Martin, G.R., Ruhl, K.J., Moore, B.L., and Rose, M.F., 1997, Estimation of peak-discharge frequency of urban streams in Jefferson County, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4219, viii, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974219.","productDescription":"viii, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1853,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ky.water.usgs.gov/pubs/wrir_1997_4219.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124914,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4219/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54209,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4219/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa885","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Gary R. 0000-0002-3274-5846 grmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3274-5846","contributorId":3413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Gary","email":"grmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruhl, Kevin J.","contributorId":35769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruhl","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Brian L.","contributorId":100021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rose, Martin F.","contributorId":49826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":29679,"text":"wri974244 - 1997 - Water Budget for the Iao Area, Island of Maui, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:15","indexId":"wri974244","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4244","title":"Water Budget for the Iao Area, Island of Maui, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Ground-water recharge is estimated as the residual component of a monthly water budget calculated using soil characteristics and long-term average rainfall, streamflow, irrigation, and pan-evaporation data. The water-budget components of rainfall, direct runoff, evapotranspiration, and ground-water recharge are defined seasonally, through the use of monthly data, and spatially by land-use and geohydrologic areas, through the use of a geographic information system model.\r\n\r\nThe long-term average ground-water recharge for the Iao area was estimated for four scenarios using natural land-use, and using 1926-79, 1980-85, and 1986-95 land-use and irrigation data. The recharge rate for natural conditions is 34 million gallons per day, which is 34 percent of rainfall. The average annual ground-water recharge rate for 1926-79 conditions is 51 million gallons per day, which is 41 percent of the sum of rainfall and irrigation. The recharge rates for 1980-85 and 1986-95 conditions are 40 and 36 million gallons per day, which are 37 and 35 percent of rainfall plus irrigation, respectively.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri974244","usgsCitation":"Shade, P.J., 1997, Water Budget for the Iao Area, Island of Maui, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4244, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974244.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4244/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58507,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4244/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd414","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shade, Patricia J.","contributorId":30618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shade","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25775,"text":"wri974242 - 1997 - Sources of contamination in an urban basin in Marquette, Michigan and an analysis of concentrations, loads, and data quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-27T16:00:49","indexId":"wri974242","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4242","title":"Sources of contamination in an urban basin in Marquette, Michigan and an analysis of concentrations, loads, and data quality","docAbstract":"<p>The concentrations of contaminants generated from discrete source areas are critical to urban nonpoint Source Load and Management Model (SLAMM) loading calculations to Lake Superior. This study summarizes data-collection efforts during 12 storms in October 1993 and from May through August 1994, in which stormwater data were collected concurrently at 33 sites representing the eight major source areas in a 117-hectare urban basin in Marquette, Mich. For the 12 storms, commercial rooftops produced the highest geometric mean concentrations of dissolved metals such as lead (20 mg/L), zinc (263 mg/L), cadmium (0.71 mg/L), and copper (17.8 mg/L). Parking lots produced the highest concentration for all of the individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds (summation equal to 64 mg/L). Residential lawns generated the highest concentrations of total kjeldahl nitrogen (9.3 mg/L) and total phosphorus (2.3 mg/L). A mass-budget approach, in which summed source area loads are compared to those measured at the basin outlet for individual storms, provided the basis for an error analysis to identify unreliable concentration data. Of the 611 concentration samples used in the mass budgets, 59 were identified as unreliable. Seventy-six percent of the unreliable samples came from collection bottles that were filled prior to the end of runoff. These full bottles may have captured a first-flush effect or acted as a sediment trap. The relative importance of an individual source-area load to the overall basin-outlet load varied according to the individual constituent. Parking lots were a major contributor of total zinc (30 percent), total cadmium (25 percent), total copper (22 percent), and all the PAH compounds (=64 percent); whereas low-traffic streets were a major producer of total suspended solids (27 percent), nitrate plus nitrite (21 percent), and total cadmium (25 percent). Grass areas were a major producer of total kjeldahl nitrogen (31 percent) and total phosphorus (26 percent), even though the water volume generated from grass areas was low (5.8 percent of the total water volume generated).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974242","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Steuer, J., Selbig, W., Hornewer, N., and Prey, J., 1997, Sources of contamination in an urban basin in Marquette, Michigan and an analysis of concentrations, loads, and data quality: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4242, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974242.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4242/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54527,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4242/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"Marquette","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.240966796875,\n              46.08847179577592\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.240966796875,\n              47.65058757118734\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.165771484375,\n              47.65058757118734\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.165771484375,\n              46.08847179577592\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.240966796875,\n              46.08847179577592\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7651","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steuer, Jeffrey","contributorId":97530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steuer","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":195020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selbig, William","contributorId":78365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selbig","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hornewer, Nancy J.","contributorId":57895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornewer","given":"Nancy J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Prey, Jeffrey","contributorId":81143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prey","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70019436,"text":"70019436 - 1997 - Physical modeling of the formation and evolution of seismically active fault zones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-14T16:42:30.659596","indexId":"70019436","displayToPublicDate":"1998-07-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physical modeling of the formation and evolution of seismically active fault zones","docAbstract":"<p><span>Acoustic emission (AE) in rocks is studied as a model of natural seismicity. A special technique for rock loading has been used to help study the processes that control the development of AE during brittle deformation. This technique allows us to extend to hours fault growth which would normally occur very rapidly. In this way, the period of most intense interaction of acoustic events can be studied in detail. Characteristics of the acoustic regime (AR) include the Gutenberg-Richter&nbsp;</span><i>b</i><span>-value, spatial distribution of hypocenters with characteristic fractal (correlation) dimension&nbsp;</span><i>d</i><span>, Hurst exponent&nbsp;</span><i>H</i><span>, and crack concentration parameter&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><sub>c</sub><span>.</span></p><p><span>The fractal structure of AR changes with the onset of the drop in differential stress during sample deformation. The change results from the active interaction of microcracks. This transition of the spatial distribution of AE hypocenters is accompanied by a corresponding change in the temporal correlation of events and in the distribution of event amplitudes as signified by a decrease of&nbsp;<i>b</i>-value. The characteristic structure that develops in the low-energy background AE is similar to the sequence of the strongest microfracture events. When the AR fractal structure develops, the variations of&nbsp;<i>d</i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>b</i>&nbsp;are synchronous and&nbsp;<i>d</i>&nbsp;= 3<i>b</i>. This relation which occurs once the fractal structure is formed only holds for average values of&nbsp;<i>d</i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>b</i>. Time variations of&nbsp;<i>d</i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>b</i>&nbsp;are anticorrelated. The degree of temporal correlation of AR has time variations that are similar to&nbsp;<i>d</i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>b</i>&nbsp;variations.</span></p><p><span>The observed variations in laboratory AE experiments are compared with natural seismicity parameters. The close correspondence between laboratory-scale observations and naturally occurring seismicity suggests a possible new approach for understanding the evolution of complex seismicity patterns in nature.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00078-4","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Ponomarev, A., Zavyalov, A., Smirnov, V., and Lockner, D., 1997, Physical modeling of the formation and evolution of seismically active fault zones: Tectonophysics, v. 277, no. 1-3, p. 57-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00078-4.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"81","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226701,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"277","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ab2e4b0c8380cd79051","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ponomarev, A.V.","contributorId":45465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponomarev","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zavyalov, A.D.","contributorId":30380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zavyalov","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smirnov, V.B.","contributorId":107440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smirnov","given":"V.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lockner, D.A. 0000-0001-8630-6833","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":85603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":23969,"text":"ofr97704 - 1997 - Gravity models of Abby Creek and Bion barite deposits, Howard Pass quadrangle, northwestern Brooks Range, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-27T22:21:15.228888","indexId":"ofr97704","displayToPublicDate":"1998-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-704","title":"Gravity models of Abby Creek and Bion barite deposits, Howard Pass quadrangle, northwestern Brooks Range, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97704","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Morin, R.L., 1997, Gravity models of Abby Creek and Bion barite deposits, Howard Pass quadrangle, northwestern Brooks Range, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-704, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97704.","productDescription":"15 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154988,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0704/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53162,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0704/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":465518,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19197.htm","text":"Abby Creek deposit","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465519,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19198.htm","text":"Bion deposit","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Abby Creek, Bion, Brooks Range","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.6,\n              68.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.6,\n              68.562\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.517,\n              68.562\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.517,\n              68.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.6,\n              68.625\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db67206a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morin, R. L.","contributorId":95484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28793,"text":"wri974195 - 1997 - Hydrogeology and water quality of a surficial aquifer underlying an urban area, Manchester, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-06T22:38:26.063223","indexId":"wri974195","displayToPublicDate":"1998-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4195","title":"Hydrogeology and water quality of a surficial aquifer underlying an urban area, Manchester, Connecticut","docAbstract":"The quality of water along flowpaths in a surficial aquifer system in Manchester, Connecticut, was studied during 1993-95 as part of the National Water Quality Assessment program. The flowpath study examined the relations among hydrogeology, land-use patterns, and the presence of contaminants in a surficial aquifer in an urban area, and evaluated ground water as a source of contamination to surface water. \r\n\r\nA two-dimensional, finite-difference groundwater- flow model was used to estimate travel distance, which ranged from about 50 to 11,000 feet, from the source areas to the sampled observation wells. Land use, land cover, and population density were determined in the source areas delineated by the ground-water-flow simulation. Source areas to the wells contained either high- or medium-density residential areas, and population density ranged from 629 to 8,895 people per square mile. \r\n\r\nConcentrations of selected inorganic constituents, including sodium, chloride, and nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, were higher in the flowpath study wells than in wells in undeveloped areas with similar aquifer materials. One or more of 9 volatile organic compounds were detected at 12 of 14 wells. The three most commonly detected volatile organic compounds were chloroform, methyl-tert-butyl ether, and trichloroethene. Trichloroethene was detected at concentrations greater than the maximum contaminant level for drinking water (5 micrograms per liter) in samples from one well. Four pesticides, including dichloro diphenyl dichloroethylene, dieldrin, dichloroprop, and simazine were detected at low concentrations. \r\n\r\nConcentrations of sodium and chloride were higher in samples collected from wells screened in the top of the saturated zone than in samples collected from deeper zones. Volatile organic compounds and elevated concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen were detected at depths of as much as 60 feet below the water table, indicating that the effects of human activities on the ground-water quality extends to the bottom of the surficial aquifer. \r\n\r\nThe age of ground water, as determined by tritium and 3helium concentrations, was 0.9 to 22.6 years. pH, alkalinity, and calcium were higher and concentrations of dissolved oxygen were lower in ground-water samples with ages of 10 years or more than in samples younger than 10 years. In addition, concentrations of sodium, chloride, and nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen were low in ground-water samples with ages of 10 years or more, indicating that concentrations of these compounds may be increasing with time or that the recharge areas to these wells may have had less intensive urban land use. Methyl-tert-butyl ether was detected only in wells with ground water ages of less than 11 years, which is consistent with the date of introduction of this compound as a gasoline additive in Connecticut. \r\n\r\nAnalysis of additional samples collected for analysis of stable nitrogen isotopes indicated that the most likely source of elevated concentrations of nitrate nitrogen was lawn and garden fertilizers, but other sources, including wastewater effluents, soil organic nitrogen, and atmospheric deposition, may contribute to the total. Population density was positively correlated (at the 97 percent confidence level) to concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen. \r\n\r\nWater quality in the Hockanum River aquifer has been degraded by human activities, and, after discharge to surface water, affects the water quality in the Hockanum River. On an annual basis, ground-water discharge from the study area to the river (as measured at a downstream continuous-record gaging station) contributes about 5 percent of the annual load of nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, but, during low flow, contributes 11 percent of the nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, 32 percent of the calcium, and 16 percent of the chloride to the river.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri974195","usgsCitation":"Mullaney, J.R., and Grady, S.J., 1997, Hydrogeology and water quality of a surficial aquifer underlying an urban area, Manchester, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4195, vii, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974195.","productDescription":"vii, 40 p.","costCenters":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411536,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48806.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":57664,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4195/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124803,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4195/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","city":"Manchester","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.65670776367188,\n              41.61749568924243\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.36557006835938,\n              41.61749568924243\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.36557006835938,\n              41.9196507151163\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.65670776367188,\n              41.9196507151163\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.65670776367188,\n              41.61749568924243\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62540e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mullaney, John R. 0000-0003-4936-5046 jmullane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4936-5046","contributorId":1957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullaney","given":"John","email":"jmullane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":200401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grady, Stephen J.","contributorId":101636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grady","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30189,"text":"wri974187 - 1997 - Glacier ice-volume modeling and glacier volumes on Redoubt Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri974187","displayToPublicDate":"1998-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4187","title":"Glacier ice-volume modeling and glacier volumes on Redoubt Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"Assessment of ice volumes and hydrologic hazards on Redoubt Volcano began four months before the 1989-90 eruptions removed 0.29 cubic kilometer of perennial snow and ice from Drift glacier. A volume model was developed for evaluating glacier volumes on Redoubt Volcano. The volume model is based on third-order polynomial simulations of valley cross sections. The third-order polynomial is an interpolation from the valley walls exposed above glacier surfaces and takes advantage of ice-thickness measurements. The fortuitous 1989-90 eruptions removed the ice from a 4.5-kilometer length of Drift glacier, providing a unique opportunity for verification of the volume model. A 2.5-kilometer length was chosen in the denuded glacier valley and the ice volume was measured by digitally comparing two new maps: one derived from the most recent pre-eruption 1979 aerial photographs and the other from post-eruption 1990 aerial photographs. The measured volume in the reference reach was 99 x 106 cubic meters, about 1 percent less than was estimated by the volume model. The volume estimate produced by this volume model was much closer to the measured volume than was the volume estimated by other techniques. The verified volume model was used to evaluate the total volume of perennial snow and glacier ice on Redoubt Volcano, which was estimated to be 4.1?0.8 cubic kilometers. Substantial snow and ice covers on volcanoes exacerbate the hydrologic hazards associated with eruptions. The volume on Redoubt Volcano is about 23 times the volume that was present on Mount St. Helens before its 1980 eruption, which generated lahars and floods.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974187","usgsCitation":"Trabant, D.C., and Hawkins, D.B., 1997, Glacier ice-volume modeling and glacier volumes on Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4187, iv, 29 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974187.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124875,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4187/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58985,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4187/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679bcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trabant, Dennis C.","contributorId":13965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trabant","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hawkins, Daniel B.","contributorId":10842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawkins","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28937,"text":"wri974176 - 1997 - Geohydrology and Numerical Simulation of the Ground-Water Flow System of Molokai, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:15","indexId":"wri974176","displayToPublicDate":"1998-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4176","title":"Geohydrology and Numerical Simulation of the Ground-Water Flow System of Molokai, Hawaii","docAbstract":"A two-dimensional, steady-state, areal ground-water flow model was developed for the island of Molokai, Hawaii, to enhance the understanding of (1) the conceptual framework of the ground-water flow system, (2) the distribution of aquifer hydraulic properties, and (3) the regional effects of ground-water withdrawals on water levels and coastal discharge. The model uses the finite-element code AQUIFEM-SALT, which simulates flow of fresh ground water in systems that may have a freshwater lens floating on denser underlying saltwater.\r\n\r\nModel results are in agreement with the general conceptual model of the flow system on Molokai, where ground water flows from the interior, high-recharge areas to the coast. The model-calculated ground-water divide separating flow to the northern and southern coasts lies to either the north or the south of the topographic divide but is generally not coincident with the topographic divide.\r\n\r\nOn the basis of model results, the following horizontal hydraulic conductivities were estimated: (1) 1,000 feet per day for the dike-free volcanic rocks of East and West Molokai, (2) 100 feet per day for the marginal dike zone of the East Molokai Volcano, (3) 2 feet per day for the West Molokai dike complex, (4) 0.02 feet per day for the East Molokai dike complex, and (5) 500 feet per day for the Kalaupapa Volcanics. \r\n\r\nThree simulations to determine the effects of proposed ground-water withdrawals on water levels and coastal discharge, relative to model-calculated water levels and coastal discharge for 1992-96 withdrawal rates, show that the effects are widespread. For a withdrawal rate of 0.337 million gallons per day from a proposed well about 4 miles southeast of Kualapuu and 3 miles north of Kamiloloa, the model-calculated drawdown of 0.01 foot or more extends 4 miles southeast and 6 miles northwest from the well. For a withdrawal rate of 1.326 million gallons per day from the same well, the model-calculated drawdown of 0.01 foot or more extends 6 miles southeast and 9 miles northwest from the well. In a third scenario, the withdrawal rate from an existing well near Kualapuu was increased by 0.826 million gallons per day. The model-calculated drawdown of 0.01 foot or more extends 6 miles southeast and 8 miles northwest from the well. In all scenarios, coastal discharge is reduced by an amount equal to the additional withdrawal.\r\n\r\nAdditional data needed to improve the understanding of the ground-water flow system on Molokai include: (1) a wider spatial distribution and longer temporal distribution of water-levels, (2) independent estimates of hydraulic conductivity, (3) improved recharge estimates, (4) information about the vertical distribution of salinity in ground water, (5) streamflow data at additional sites, and (6) improved information about the subsurface geology.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri974176","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Hawaii and Department of Hawaiian Home Lands","usgsCitation":"Oki, D.S., 1997, Geohydrology and Numerical Simulation of the Ground-Water Flow System of Molokai, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4176, vi, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974176.","productDescription":"vi, 62 p.","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4176/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57808,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4176/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -157.33333333333334,21 ], [ -157.33333333333334,21.25 ], [ -156.66666666666666,21.25 ], [ -156.66666666666666,21 ], [ -157.33333333333334,21 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aedd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oki, Delwyn S. 0000-0002-6913-8804 dsoki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6913-8804","contributorId":1901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oki","given":"Delwyn","email":"dsoki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":200647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70019706,"text":"70019706 - 1997 - Deep structure of Medicine Lake volcano, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-14T16:30:52.918813","indexId":"70019706","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep structure of Medicine Lake volcano, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>Medicine Lake volcano (MLV) in northeastern California is the largest-volume volcano in the Cascade Range. The upper-crustal structure of this Quaternary shield volcano is well known from previous geological and geophysical investigations. In 1981, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a teleseismic tomography experiment on MLV to explore its deeper structure. The images we present, calculated using a modern form of the ACH-inversion method, reveal that there is presently no hint of a large (&gt; 100 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>), hot magma reservoir in the crust. The compressional-wave velocity perturbations show that directly beneath MLV's caldera there is a zone of increased seismic velocity. The perturbation amplitude is +10% in the upper crust, +5% in the lower crust, and +3% in the lithospheric mantle. This positive seismic velocity anomaly presumably is caused by mostly subsolidus gabbroic intrusive rocks in the crust. Heat and melt removal are suggested as the cause in the upper mantle beneath MLV, inferred from petro-physical modeling. The increased seismic velocity appears to be nearly continuous to 120 km depth and is a hint that the original melts come at least partly from the lower lithospheric mantle. Our second major finding is that the upper mantle southeast of MLV is characterized by relatively slow seismic velocities (−1%) compared to the northwest side. This anomaly is interpreted to result from the elevated temperatures under the northwest Basin and Range Province.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00022-X","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Ritter, J., and Evans, J., 1997, Deep structure of Medicine Lake volcano, California: Tectonophysics, v. 275, no. 1-3, p. 221-241, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00022-X.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"241","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228171,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Medicine Lake volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.6253989653446,\n              41.59366233777956\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.6253989653446,\n              41.57255366496153\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.57877644244559,\n              41.57255366496153\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.57877644244559,\n              41.59366233777956\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.6253989653446,\n              41.59366233777956\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"275","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe2ae4b0c8380cd4eb6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ritter, J.R.R.","contributorId":96848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritter","given":"J.R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, J.R.","contributorId":50526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23683,"text":"ofr97571 - 1997 - Documentation of computer program (FHB1) for assignment of transient specified-flow and specified-head boundaries in applications of the modular finite-diference ground-water flow model (MODFLOW)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:15","indexId":"ofr97571","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-571","title":"Documentation of computer program (FHB1) for assignment of transient specified-flow and specified-head boundaries in applications of the modular finite-diference ground-water flow model (MODFLOW)","docAbstract":"A computer program called the Flow and Head Boundary Package (FHB1) was developed for the U.S. Geological Survey three-dimensional finite-difference modular ground-water flow model, commonly referred to as MODFLOW. FHB1 allows MODFLOW users to specify flow or head boundary conditions that vary at times other than starting and ending times of stress periods and associated time steps. Values of flow and (or) head at each time step are calculated by linear interpolation of user- specified values. The ability to assign variable flow and head conditions defined at times not corresponding with the model stress periods allows greater flexibility in simulating natural geohydrologic systems and, at the same time, improves the efficiency of the methods used to represent these systems. The package also provides a way to apply specified-flow and specified-head boundaries in embedded, or nested, smaller-scale models using flow and (or) head values from larger-scale models. Using FHB1, the two models can have different simulation stress periods and time steps. Specification of variable-flow pumped wells in ground-water models is another example application.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr97571","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Leake, S.A., and Lilly, M.R., 1997, Documentation of computer program (FHB1) for assignment of transient specified-flow and specified-head boundaries in applications of the modular finite-diference ground-water flow model (MODFLOW): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-571, 50 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97571.","productDescription":"50 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156686,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0571/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52937,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0571/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db636231","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leake, Stanley A. 0000-0003-3568-2542 saleake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-2542","contributorId":1846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"Stanley","email":"saleake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":190541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lilly, Michael R.","contributorId":65494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lilly","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":6649,"text":"fs12197 - 1997 - Modeling Ground-Water Flow with MODFLOW and Related Programs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:52","indexId":"fs12197","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"121-97","title":"Modeling Ground-Water Flow with MODFLOW and Related Programs","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs12197","usgsCitation":"Leake, S.A., 1997, Modeling Ground-Water Flow with MODFLOW and Related Programs: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 121-97, [4] p. : col. ill. ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs12197.","productDescription":"[4] p. : col. ill. ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_121_97.bmp"},{"id":696,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/FS/FS-121-97","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699a53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leake, Stanley A. 0000-0003-3568-2542 saleake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-2542","contributorId":1846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"Stanley","email":"saleake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":153099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":22321,"text":"ofr97536A - 1997 - Karst topography; computer animations and paper model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:56","indexId":"ofr97536A","displayToPublicDate":"1998-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-536","chapter":"A","title":"Karst topography; computer animations and paper model","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS ESIC Open-File Report Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97536A","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Alpha, T.R., Galloway, J.P., and Tinsley, J.C., 1997, Karst topography; computer animations and paper model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-536, 36 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97536A.","productDescription":"36 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0536a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51732,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0536a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b486a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpha, T. R.","contributorId":20715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpha","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Galloway, John P. jgallway@usgs.gov","contributorId":3345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"John","email":"jgallway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":188032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tinsley, J. C. III","contributorId":39777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinsley","given":"J.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":24931,"text":"ofr97431 - 1997 - Preliminary geologic map of the Hollywood 7.5' quadrangle, Southern California: A digital database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-09T11:14:05.120351","indexId":"ofr97431","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-431","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Hollywood 7.5' quadrangle, Southern California: A digital database","docAbstract":"This Open-File report is a digital geologic map database. This pamphlet serves to introduce and describe the digital data. There is no paper map included in the Open-File report.\n\nThis digital map database is compiled from previously published sources combined with some new mapping and modifications in nomenclature. The geologic map database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U. S. Geological Survey. For detailed descriptions of the units, their stratigraphic relations, sources of geologic mapping, and data on exploratory wells consult Yerkes (1997), and Yerkes and Showalter (1990). More specific information about the units may be available in the original sources.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97431","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R.F., and Graham, S.E., 1997, Preliminary geologic map of the Hollywood 7.5' quadrangle, Southern California: A digital database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-431, Readme: PDF, 11 p.; Complete digital package; Geology; Structure; Wells; Composite base map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97431.","productDescription":"Readme: PDF, 11 p.; Complete digital package; Geology; Structure; Wells; Composite base map","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":53900,"rank":8,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0431/pdf/holly.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":1901,"rank":7,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0431/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284277,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0431/ho-geol.e00.gz"},{"id":284276,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0431/holly.tar.gz"},{"id":284278,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0431/ho-strc.e00.gz"},{"id":284279,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0431/ho-pts.e00.gz"},{"id":284280,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0431/ho-topo.e00.gz"},{"id":156881,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0431/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Hollywood","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.375,34.625 ], [ -90.375,34.75 ], [ -90.25,34.75 ], [ -90.25,34.625 ], [ -90.375,34.625 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b243","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R. F.","contributorId":24754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graham, S. E.","contributorId":100025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29681,"text":"wri974155 - 1997 - Water Budget for the Island of Molokai, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:15","indexId":"wri974155","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4155","title":"Water Budget for the Island of Molokai, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Ground-water recharge is estimated from a monthly water budget calculated using long-term average rainfall and streamflow data, synthesized pan-evaporation data, and soil characteristics. The water-budget components are defined seasonally, through the use of monthly data, and spatially by geohydrologic areas, through the use of a geographic information system model.<\\p> \r\n\r\nThe long-term average ground-water recharge for Molokai was estimated for natural land-use conditions. The island-wide mean recharge rate for natural conditions is 189 million gallons per day, which is 34 percent of rainfall. The island-wide rainfall, direct runoff, and actual evapotranspiration are 552, 89, and 274 millions gallons per day, respectively.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri974155","usgsCitation":"Shade, P.J., 1997, Water Budget for the Island of Molokai, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4155, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974155.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4155/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58509,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4155/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd433","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shade, Patricia J.","contributorId":30618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shade","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":23303,"text":"ofr97382 - 1997 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Use of a modified ultrasonic nebulizer for the analysis of low ionic-strength water by inductively coupled optical emission spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T17:10:06.817278","indexId":"ofr97382","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-382","title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Use of a modified ultrasonic nebulizer for the analysis of low ionic-strength water by inductively coupled optical emission spectrometry","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory has developed a method for the determination of dissolved calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, silica, and sodium using a modified ultrasonic nebulizer sample-introduction system to an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer. The nebulizer's spray chamber has been modified to avoid carryover and memory effects common in some conventional ultrasonic designs. The modified ultrasonic nebulizer is equipped with a high-speed rinse cycle to remove previously analyzed samples from the spray chamber without excessive flush times. This new rinse cycle decreases sample washout times by reducing carryover and memory effects from salt or analytes in previously analyzed samples by as much as 45 percent. Plasma instability has been reduced by repositioning the argon carrier gas inlet on the spray chamber and by directly pumping waste from the chamber, instead of from open drain traps, thereby maintaining constant pressure to the plasma. The ultrasonic nebulizer improves signal intensities, which are 8 to 16 times greater than for a conventional cross-flow pneumatic nebulizer, without being sensitive to clogging from salt buildup as in cross-flow nebulizers. Detection limits for the ultrasonic nebulizer are 4 to 18 times less than detection limits achievable using a cross-flow pneumatic nebulizer, with equivalent sample analysis time.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97382","usgsCitation":"Harris, C.M., Litteral, C.J., and Damrau, D.L., 1997, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Use of a modified ultrasonic nebulizer for the analysis of low ionic-strength water by inductively coupled optical emission spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-382, vi, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97382.","productDescription":"vi, 34 p.","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1676,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nwql.usgs.gov/Public/pubs/OFR97-382/text.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":155098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0382/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52603,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0382/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bc36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Carl M.","contributorId":42991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Litteral, Charles J.","contributorId":65502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litteral","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Damrau, Donna L. dldamrau@usgs.gov","contributorId":734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damrau","given":"Donna","email":"dldamrau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":189859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":22319,"text":"ofr97442A - 1997 - Chicxulub impact event; computer animations and paper models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:56","indexId":"ofr97442A","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-442","chapter":"A","title":"Chicxulub impact event; computer animations and paper models","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr97442A","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Alpha, T.R., Galloway, J.P., and Starratt, S., 1997, Chicxulub impact event; computer animations and paper models: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-442, 36 leaves :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97442A.","productDescription":"36 leaves :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0442a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51731,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0442a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dee4b07f02db5e2802","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpha, T. R.","contributorId":20715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpha","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Galloway, John P. jgallway@usgs.gov","contributorId":3345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"John","email":"jgallway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":188026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Starratt, S. W.","contributorId":89145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starratt","given":"S. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":28466,"text":"wri974162 - 1997 - Evaluation of drawdown and sources of water in the Mississippi River alluvium caused by hypothetical pumping, Muscatine, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-21T15:25:47","indexId":"wri974162","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4162","title":"Evaluation of drawdown and sources of water in the Mississippi River alluvium caused by hypothetical pumping, Muscatine, Iowa","docAbstract":"<p>A study was conducted to evaluate drawdown and volumetric changes in sources of water in the Mississippi River alluvium caused by hypothetical pumping. A steady-state, ground-water flow model was constructed for a previous study to simulate February 1993 hydrologic conditions, which were assumed to be an acceptable estimate of the ground-water system at equilibrium. The flow model was modified for this study to simulate six hypothetical pumping scenarios: five pumping scenarios to simulate hypothetical pumping at five pumping scenario sites, and a total pumping scenario to simulate cumulative hypothetical pumping from the five pumping scenario sites.</p>\n<p>The evaluation of drawdown for the six hypothetical pumping scenarios indicates that hypothetical pumping causes simulated drawdown that varies from about 10 ft to greater than 50 ft relative to February 1993 conditions at the five hypothetical pumping scenario sites. The simulated drawdown is less than half of the estimated saturated thickness of the alluvium during February 1993 at these sites.</p>\n<p>The primary sources of water (inflows) to the alluvium needed to balance the increased ground-water withdrawals (outflows) caused by hypothetical pumping are a combination of increased river leakage and decreased leakage to Muscatine Slough. Compared to February 1993 conditions, larger inflow rates occur as river leakage from the Mississippi River for the six hypothetical pumping scenarios. However, smaller outflow rates to Muscatine Slough compared to February 1993 conditions indicate that an important source of water for hypothetical pumping is ground-water discharge that would have become streamflow in the slough.</p>\n<p>Increased pumping at the hypothetical pumping scenario sites could affect long-term water quality and hydrology in the study area. The greater amounts of river leakage might affect overall ground-water quality in the alluvium. The lesser amounts of ground water being discharged to streamflow could have a long-term impact on the hydrology of the slough and adjacent wetland areas.</p>\n<p>The simplified steady-state flow model does not account for dynamic (transient) conditions (natural or development-related). The steady-state model does not indicate time needed to reach new equilibrium conditions. Attaining equilibrium might take many years and is complicated by varying climatic and hydrologic conditions; noncontinuous pumping and pumping that is cycled among well fields; and changing and seasonally varying irrigation pumpage.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City, IA","doi":"10.3133/wri974162","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Muscatine Power and Water, Muscatine, Iowa","usgsCitation":"Lucey, K., 1997, Evaluation of drawdown and sources of water in the Mississippi River alluvium caused by hypothetical pumping, Muscatine, Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4162, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974162.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119673,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4162/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57268,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4162/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.2083333333333333,\n              41.43333333333333\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.2083333333333333,\n              41.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -91,\n              41.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -91,\n              41.43333333333333\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.2083333333333333,\n              41.43333333333333\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fae3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucey, K.J.","contributorId":70002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucey","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24936,"text":"ofr97459 - 1997 - Preliminary geologic map of the Newbury Park 7.5' quadrangle, Southern California: A digital database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-13T14:20:05","indexId":"ofr97459","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-459","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Newbury Park 7.5' quadrangle, Southern California: A digital database","docAbstract":"This Open-File report is a digital geologic map database. This pamphlet serves to introduce and describe the digital data. There is no paper map included in the Open-File report. This digital map database is compiled from previously published sources combined with some new mapping and modifications in nomenclature. The geologic map database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U. S. Geological Survey. For detailed descriptions of the units, their stratigraphic relations, sources of geologic mapping, and data on exploratory wells consult Yerkes and Campbell (1997), and Yerkes and Showalter (1990). More specific information about the units may be available in the original sources.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr97459","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R.F., and Campbell, R.H., 1997, Preliminary geologic map of the Newbury Park 7.5' quadrangle, Southern California: A digital database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-459, Report: 11 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97459.","productDescription":"Report: 11 p.; Downloads Directory","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280301,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/"},{"id":280302,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/pdf/of1997-0459.pdf"},{"id":280303,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/import.aml"},{"id":280304,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/nb-topo.e00.gz"},{"id":280305,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/nb-foss.e00.gz"},{"id":280306,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/nb-wells.e00.gz"},{"id":280307,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/nb-strc.e00.gz"},{"id":280308,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/nb-geol.e00.gz"},{"id":280309,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0459/newbry.tar.gz"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67af80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R. F.","contributorId":24754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, R. H.","contributorId":52160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30580,"text":"wri974145 - 1997 - Eutrophication potential of Payette Lake, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-22T14:51:31","indexId":"wri974145","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4145","title":"Eutrophication potential of Payette Lake, Idaho","docAbstract":"<p>Payette Lake was studied during water years \n1995-96 to determine the 20.5-square-kilometer \nlake's assimilative capacity for nutrients and, thus, \nits eutrophication potential. The study included \nquantification of hydrologic and nutrient budgets, \ncharacterization of water quality in the limnetic \nand littoral zones, development of an empirical nutrient load/lake response model, and estimation of \nthe limnological effects of a large-scale forest fire \nin the lake's 373-square-kilometer watershed during the autumn of 1994.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Streamflow from the North Fork Payette \nRiver, the lake's primary tributary, delivered about \n73 percent of the lake's inflow over the 2 years. \nOutflow from the lake, measured since 1908, was \n128 and 148 percent of the long-term average in \n1995 and 1996, respectively. The larger volumes \nof outflow reduced the long-term average water-\nresidence time of 2.35 years to 1.84 and 1.42 years \nfor 1995 and 1996, respectively. The lake retained \n54 percent of its 1995-96 influent load of nitrogen \nand 79 percent of its influent load of phosphorus. \nThe North Fork Payette River contributed an average of 69.4 percent of the lake's nitrogen load and \n28.2 percent of its phosphorus load. The 1994 forest fires substantially increased the loads of nitrogen and phosphorus delivered to the lake; however, only nitrogen concentrations were noticeably increased in the lake.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Payette Lake was classified as oligotrophic \non the basis of annual geometric mean concentrations, in micrograms per liter, of total phosphorus \n(4.7), total nitrogen (225), and chlorophyll-<i>a</i> (1.3)\nduring 1995-96. Secchi-disc transparencies ranged \nfrom 2.3 to 8.0 meters, indicative of mesotrophic \nconditions. Median ratios of dissolved inorganic \nnitrogen to dissolved orthophosphorus ranged from \n38 to 254, thereby indicating phosphorus limitation \nof phytoplankton growth. Phytoplankton populations were taxonomically dominated by diatoms; \nblue-green algae were rare. One diatom, <i>Tabellaria \nfenestrata</i>, contributed 52 percent of the biovolume. Within the littoral zone, median periphyton \nproduction, normalized to photosynthetically active \nradiation input, ranged from 0.0007 to 0.02 milligrams of chlorophyll-<i>a</i> per square meter per Einstein, a difference of 28.6 times. Multiple linear regression analysis failed to detect any significant relation between periphyton production and various \nindices of nearshore development. Nine genera of \naquatic macrophytes were identified, including \nEurasian milfoil (<i>Myriophyllum spicatum</i> var. <i>spicatum</i>), which is considered a nuisance aquatic \nplant.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Despite its oligotrophy, Payette Lake had \nsubstantial dissolved-oxygen deficits in 1995-96, \nwhich led to 4-month periods of anoxia in the near-bottom waters of its southwest basin. The hypolimnetic dissolved-oxygen deficit was much larger than \nthat predicted by the nutrient load/lake response \nmodel. The southwest basin's propensity for developing anoxia was related to the lengthy water-residence time and incomplete water-column circulation and reaeration during the spring and autumn, \ncoupled with a long-term accumulation of oxygen-\ndemanding organic matter produced within the \nlake or delivered by its watershed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Boise, ID","doi":"10.3133/wri974145","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Idaho Division of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Woods, P.F., 1997, Eutrophication potential of Payette Lake, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4145, v, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974145.","productDescription":"v, 39 p.","numberOfPages":"44","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4145/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59339,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4145/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area projection","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Payette River;Payette Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.141529,44.903939 ], [ -116.141529,45.199354 ], [ -115.911589,45.199354 ], [ -115.911589,44.903939 ], [ -116.141529,44.903939 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fb104","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woods, Paul F.","contributorId":82273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28105,"text":"wri974156 - 1997 - Hydrogeology and water chemistry of Montezuma Well in Montezuma Castle National Monument and surrounding area, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:41","indexId":"wri974156","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4156","title":"Hydrogeology and water chemistry of Montezuma Well in Montezuma Castle National Monument and surrounding area, Arizona","docAbstract":"Increasing population and associated residential and commercial development have greatly increased water use and consumption in the Verde Valley near Montezuma Well, a unit of Montezuma Castle National Monument in central Arizona. Flow from Montezuma Well and water levels in eight wells that are measured annually do not indicate that the ground-water system has been affected by development. Additional data are needed to develop an adequate ground-water monitoring program so that future effects of development can be detected. Monitoring the ground-water system would detect changes in discharge from the Montezuma Well or changes in the ground-water system that might indicate a potential change of flow to the well.\r\nWater samples were collected, and field measurements of specific conductance, pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen were made throughout the pond at Montezuma Well during an exploration in May 1991. The exploration included two fissures in the bottom of the pond that were filled with sand. The sand in the fissures was kept in suspension by water entering the pond. Water chemistry indicates that the ground water from the area is a mixed combination of calcium, magnesium, sodium, and bicarbonate type water. The analyses for 18O/16O and 2H/1H show that the water from the wells and springs in the area, including Montezuma Well, has been exposed to similar environmental conditions and could have had similar flow paths. The MODFLOW finite-difference ground-water model was used to develop an uncalibrated interpretive model to study possible mechanisms for discharge of water at Montezuma Well. The study presents the hypothesis that ground water in the Supai Formation is the source of discharge to Montezuma Well because of the differences between the surface elevation of the pond at Montezuma Well and the stage in the adjacent Wet Beaver Creek. A series of simulations shows that upward flow from the Supai Formation is a possible mechanism for discharge to Montezuma Well, and that a geologic structure in the Supai Formation could play a role in the upward movement of water to Montezuma Well.\r\nThe mechanism for inflow from the Verde Formation is not understood; however, this study concludes that the Verde Formation, Supai Formation, and other underlying rock units are probably the sources of water to Montezuma Well.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974156","usgsCitation":"Konieczki, A.D., and Leake, S.A., 1997, Hydrogeology and water chemistry of Montezuma Well in Montezuma Castle National Monument and surrounding area, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4156, v, 49 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974156.","productDescription":"v, 49 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124806,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4156/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56930,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4156/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6854f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konieczki, Alice D.","contributorId":69594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konieczki","given":"Alice","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leake, Stanley A. 0000-0003-3568-2542 saleake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-2542","contributorId":1846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"Stanley","email":"saleake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":199226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23904,"text":"ofr97330 - 1997 - Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-275-0-5639 crossing the Ohio River in Dearborn County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-21T10:37:22","indexId":"ofr97330","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-330","title":"Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-275-0-5639 crossing the Ohio River in Dearborn County, Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>Level II scour evaluations follow a process in which hydrologic, hydraulic, and sedient-transport data are evaluated to calculate the depth of scour that may result when given discharge is routed through a bridge opening. the results of the modified Levell II analysis for structure I-275-0-5639 on Interstate 275 crossing the Ohio River in Dearborn County, Indiana, are presented. The site is near the town of Lawrenceburg in the southeastern part of Dearborn County. Scour depths were computed with the Water Surface PROfile model, version V050196, which incorporates the scour-calculation procedures outlined in Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 18. Total scour depths at the piers were approximately 35.6 feet for the modeled discharge of 760,000 cubic feet per second and approximately 35.7 feet for the modeled discharge of 890,000 cubic feet per second.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/ofr97330","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Miller, R.L., Robinson, B., and Voelker, D.C., 1997, Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-275-0-5639 crossing the Ohio River in Dearborn County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-330, iv, 23 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97330.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p. ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0330/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53108,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0330/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Dearborn","city":"Lawrenceburg","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-84.8191,39.3056],[-84.8199,39.2262],[-84.8197,39.1907],[-84.8191,39.1069],[-84.8195,39.1067],[-84.8205,39.1062],[-84.8342,39.0983],[-84.8569,39.0807],[-84.8675,39.0755],[-84.8884,39.065],[-84.8903,39.0634],[-84.8917,39.0617],[-84.8922,39.0604],[-84.893,39.0556],[-84.8931,39.054],[-84.888,39.046],[-84.8825,39.0406],[-84.8759,39.0341],[-84.8752,39.0334],[-84.8987,39.0133],[-84.911,39.0189],[-84.9134,39.0189],[-84.9194,39.0149],[-84.9224,39.0136],[-84.9253,39.0155],[-84.9302,39.0092],[-84.9374,39.0052],[-84.9391,39.0079],[-84.9426,39.0089],[-84.9468,39.0067],[-84.9446,38.9998],[-84.947,38.9981],[-84.9523,38.9963],[-84.9542,38.9945],[-84.9601,38.9941],[-84.9648,38.9974],[-84.9696,38.9924],[-84.9831,38.9962],[-84.9855,38.9949],[-84.9915,38.9945],[-84.9938,38.9959],[-84.995,38.9973],[-84.9985,38.996],[-85.0023,38.9869],[-85.0012,38.9829],[-85.0066,38.9779],[-85.0137,38.9807],[-85.0207,38.9822],[-85.025,38.9741],[-85.0339,38.976],[-85.0404,38.9761],[-85.047,38.9689],[-85.0512,38.9676],[-85.0513,38.9631],[-85.0549,38.9595],[-85.0591,38.9577],[-85.058,38.9514],[-85.0593,38.9482],[-85.0669,38.9501],[-85.0717,38.9483],[-85.0741,38.9479],[-85.077,38.9484],[-85.0823,38.9525],[-85.0847,38.9512],[-85.0896,38.9426],[-85.0926,38.9413],[-85.0962,38.9355],[-85.0992,38.9369],[-85.1032,38.9405],[-85.1086,38.9392],[-85.1128,38.9361],[-85.1175,38.9362],[-85.1198,38.938],[-85.1215,38.9444],[-85.1136,38.9529],[-85.1142,38.9561],[-85.1213,38.9557],[-85.1291,38.9481],[-85.135,38.9481],[-85.1324,38.9617],[-85.1305,38.9707],[-85.1222,39.0006],[-85.1057,39.0906],[-85.0983,39.1327],[-85.0903,39.1788],[-85.0824,39.2195],[-85.0732,39.2675],[-85.0652,39.3082],[-85.0385,39.3079],[-84.9273,39.3065],[-84.8191,39.3056]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Dearborn\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a93e4b07f02db6582b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, B.A.","contributorId":63035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voelker, D. C.","contributorId":36572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voelker","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":23910,"text":"ofr97321 - 1997 - Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-74-32-4946 crossing Sugar Creek in Montgomery County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-21T10:53:49","indexId":"ofr97321","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-321","title":"Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-74-32-4946 crossing Sugar Creek in Montgomery County, Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>Level II scour evaluations follow a process in which hydrologic, hydraulic, and sedient-transport data are evaluated to calculate the depth of scour that may result when given discharge is routed through a bridge opening. The results of the modified Levell II analysis for structure I-74-32-4946 on Interstate 74 crossing Sugar Creek in Montgomery County, Indiana are presented. The site is near the town of Crawfordsville in the central part of Montgomery County. Scour depths were computed with the Water Surface PROfile model, version V050196, which incorporates the scour-calculation procedures outlined in Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 18. Total scour depths at the piers were approximately 13.0 feet for the modeled discharge of 3,000&nbsp; cubic feet per second and approximately 15.1 feet for the modeled discharge of 41,900 cubic feet per second.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/ofr97321","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Miller, R.L., Robinson, B., and Voelker, D.C., 1997, Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-74-32-4946 crossing Sugar Creek in Montgomery County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-321, iv, 23 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97321.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p. ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0321/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53114,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0321/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Montgomery","city":"Crawfordsville","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-86.6957,40.2144],[-86.6962,40.1785],[-86.6961,40.1282],[-86.6946,40.0402],[-86.6938,39.9528],[-86.6937,39.9228],[-86.6929,39.8643],[-86.7918,39.8651],[-86.8056,39.865],[-86.8967,39.8666],[-86.9182,39.8674],[-87.0087,39.8685],[-87.0333,39.8683],[-87.0914,39.8685],[-87.0909,39.9538],[-87.0919,40.2172],[-87.0353,40.2165],[-86.9221,40.2161],[-86.8095,40.2146],[-86.6957,40.2144]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Montgomery\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687fad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, B.A.","contributorId":63035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voelker, D. C.","contributorId":36572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voelker","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":23909,"text":"ofr97313 - 1997 - Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-70-148-4528 crossing West Fork of East Fork Whitewater River in Wayne County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-21T10:59:25","indexId":"ofr97313","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-313","title":"Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-70-148-4528 crossing West Fork of East Fork Whitewater River in Wayne County, Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>Level II scour evaluations follow a process in which hydrologic, hydraulic, and sedient-transport data are evaluated to calculate the depth of scour that may result when given discharge is routed through a bridge opening. the results of the modified Levell II analysis for structure I-70-148-4528 on Interstate 70 crossing West Fork of East Fork Whitewater River in Wayne County, Indiana, are presented. The site is near the city of Richmond in the eastern part of Wayne County. Scour depths were computed with the Water Surface PROfile model, version V050196, which incorporates the scour-calculation procedures outlined in Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 18. Total scour depths at the piers were approximately 19.8 feet for the modeled discharge of 6,000 cubic feet per second and approximately 26.5 feet for the modeled discharge of 7,900 cubic feet per second.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/ofr97313","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Miller, R.L., Robinson, B., and Voelker, D.C., 1997, Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-70-148-4528 crossing West Fork of East Fork Whitewater River in Wayne County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-313, iv, 18 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97313.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p. ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0313/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53113,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0313/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Wayne","city":"Richmond","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-84.8131,40.006],[-84.8136,39.9502],[-84.8138,39.9169],[-84.8146,39.7267],[-84.9708,39.7269],[-84.9701,39.7291],[-85.0347,39.729],[-85.0344,39.7145],[-85.1851,39.7152],[-85.1837,39.7891],[-85.2214,39.7895],[-85.2205,39.8748],[-85.2133,39.8751],[-85.2013,39.875],[-85.2014,40.0042],[-84.8952,40.0061],[-84.8603,40.0066],[-84.8131,40.006]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Wayne\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6993b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, B.A.","contributorId":63035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voelker, D. C.","contributorId":36572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voelker","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":4249,"text":"cir1152 - 1997 - Catalogue of U.S. Geological Survey strong-motion records, 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-25T18:23:15","indexId":"cir1152","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1152","title":"Catalogue of U.S. Geological Survey strong-motion records, 1994","docAbstract":"This report presents accelerogram data of strong ground motion and the response of representative engineered structures during moderate to large earthquakes recorded during 1994.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/cir1152","usgsCitation":"Jungblut, W., and Porcella, R.L., 1997, Catalogue of U.S. Geological Survey strong-motion records, 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1152, iv, 34 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1152.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":31363,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1997/1152/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":139350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1997/1152/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6faf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Switzer, J.C.","contributorId":99965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Switzer","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749882,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Jungblut, W.L.","contributorId":7693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jungblut","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Porcella, R. L.","contributorId":102869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porcella","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":2223,"text":"wsp2447 - 1997 - Effects of simulated ground-water pumping and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":19995,"text":"ofr94316 - 1994 - Simulation of the effects of ground-water withdrawals and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts","indexId":"ofr94316","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Simulation of the effects of ground-water withdrawals and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2223,"text":"wsp2447 - 1997 - Effects of simulated ground-water pumping and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts","indexId":"wsp2447","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of simulated ground-water pumping and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T14:12:38","indexId":"wsp2447","displayToPublicDate":"1998-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2447","title":"Effects of simulated ground-water pumping and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Three-dimensional transient ground-water-flow models that simulate both freshwater and saltwater flow were developed for the flow cells of the Cape Cod Basin to determine the effects of long-term pumping and recharge, seasonal fluctuations in pumping and recharge, and prolonged reductions of natural recharge, on the position of the freshwater-saltwater interface, water-table and pond altitudes, and streamflow and discharge to coastal marshes and embayments. Two-dimensional, finite-difference change models were developed for Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket Island basins to determine anticipated drawdowns in response to projected summer season pumping rates for 180 days of no recharge.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.] :\r\nU.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nFor sale by the U.S. Geological Survey, Branch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wsp2447","isbn":"0607866330","usgsCitation":"Masterson, J., and Barlow, P.M., 1997, Effects of simulated ground-water pumping and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2447, vi, 79 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 1 plate in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2447.","productDescription":"vi, 79 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 1 plate in pocket","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":137694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2447/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27972,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2447/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247190,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2447/plate-1.pdf","size":"3491","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db610d45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413 jpmaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":1865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","email":"jpmaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":144845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":144844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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