The U.S. Geological Survey's Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory (ASL) has several initiatives underway to enhance and track the quality of data produced from ASL seismic stations and to improve communication about data problems to the user community. The Data Quality Analyzer (DQA) is one such development and is designed to characterize seismic station data quality in a quantitative and automated manner.
\nThe DQA consists of a metric calculator, a PostgreSQL database, and a Web interface: The metric calculator, SEEDscan, is a Java application that reads and processes miniSEED data and generates metrics based on a configuration file. SEEDscan compares hashes of metadata and data to detect changes in either and performs subsequent recalculations as needed. This ensures that the metric values are up to date and accurate. SEEDscan can be run as a scheduled task or on demand. The PostgreSQL database acts as a central hub where metric values and limited station descriptions are stored at the channel level with one-day granularity. The Web interface dynamically loads station data from the database and allows the user to make requests for time periods of interest, review specific networks and stations, plot metrics as a function of time, and adjust the contribution of various metrics to the overall quality grade of the station.
\nThe quantification of data quality is based on the evaluation of various metrics (e.g., timing quality, daily noise levels relative to long-term noise models, and comparisons between broadband data and event synthetics). Users may select which metrics contribute to the assessment and those metrics are aggregated into a “grade” for each station. The DQA is being actively used for station diagnostics and evaluation based on the completed metrics (availability, gap count, timing quality, deviation from a global noise model, deviation from a station noise model, coherence between co-located sensors, and comparison between broadband data and synthetics for earthquakes) on stations in the Global Seismographic Network and Advanced National Seismic System.
","language":"English","publisher":"Computer Oriented Geological Society","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2014.12.006","usgsCitation":"Ringler, A.T., Hagerty, M., Holland, J., Gonzales, A., Gee, L.S., Edwards, J., Wilson, D.C., and Baker, A., 2015, The data quality analyzer: a quality control program for seismic data: Computers & Geosciences, v. 76, p. 96-111, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2014.12.006.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"111","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061275","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b361b6e4b09a3b01b5dabb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":145576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hagerty, M.T.","contributorId":145577,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hagerty","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13422,"text":"Boston College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holland, James F. jholland@usgs.gov","contributorId":5334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"James F.","email":"jholland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gonzales, A.","contributorId":145578,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzales","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16157,"text":"Honeywell Technology Solutions Incoporation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gee, Lind S. lgee@usgs.gov","contributorId":145579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"Lind","email":"lgee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Edwards, J.D.","contributorId":69622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilson, David C. 0000-0003-2582-5159 dwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-5159","contributorId":145580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"David","email":"dwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Baker, Adam ambaker@usgs.gov","contributorId":145581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Adam","email":"ambaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70155019,"text":"70155019 - 2015 - Evolution of pathogen virulence across space during an epidemic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-24T10:59:00","indexId":"70155019","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":740,"text":"American Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of pathogen virulence across space during an epidemic","docAbstract":"We explore pathogen virulence evolution during the spatial expansion of an infectious disease epidemic in the presence of a novel host movement trade-off, using a simple, spatially explicit mathematical model. This work is motivated by empirical observations of the Mycoplasma gallisepticum invasion into North American house finch (Haemorhous mexicanus) populations; however, our results likely have important applications to other emerging infectious diseases in mobile hosts. We assume that infection reduces host movement and survival and that across pathogen strains the severity of these reductions increases with pathogen infectiousness. Assuming these trade-offs between pathogen virulence (host mortality), pathogen transmission, and host movement, we find that pathogen virulence levels near the epidemic front (that maximize wave speed) are lower than those that have a short-term growth rate advantage or that ultimately prevail (i.e., are evolutionarily stable) near the epicenter and where infection becomes endemic (i.e., that maximize the pathogen basic reproductive ratio). We predict that, under these trade-offs, less virulent pathogen strains will dominate the periphery of an epidemic and that more virulent strains will increase in frequency after invasion where disease is endemic. These results have important implications for observing and interpreting spatiotemporal epidemic data and may help explain transient virulence dynamics of emerging infectious diseases.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Naturalists","publisherLocation":"Salem, MA","doi":"10.1086/679734","usgsCitation":"Osnas, E.E., Hurtado, P.J., and Dobson, A.P., 2015, Evolution of pathogen virulence across space during an epidemic: American Naturalist, v. 185, no. 3, p. 332-342, https://doi.org/10.1086/679734.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"332","endPage":"342","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059359","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472236,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/679734","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"185","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b361b0e4b09a3b01b5da9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osnas, Erik E. 0000-0001-9528-0866 eosnas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9528-0866","contributorId":5586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osnas","given":"Erik","email":"eosnas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hurtado, Paul J.","contributorId":145574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hurtado","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6714,"text":"Ohio State University, School of Earth Sciences, Columbus, Ohio, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dobson, Andrew P.","contributorId":63693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048750,"text":"70048750 - 2015 - Hawaiian fissure fountains: Quantifying vent and shallow conduit geometry, episode 1 of the 1969-1974 Mauna Ulu eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-29T15:39:25.607531","indexId":"70048750","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T11:43:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"17","title":"Hawaiian fissure fountains: Quantifying vent and shallow conduit geometry, episode 1 of the 1969-1974 Mauna Ulu eruption","docAbstract":"Geometries of shallow magmatic pathways feeding volcanic eruptions are poorly constrained, yet many key interpretations about eruption dynamics depend on knowledge of these geometries. Direct quantification is difficult because vents typically become blocked with lava at the end of eruptions. Indirect geophysical techniques have shed light on some volcanic conduit geometries, but the scales are too coarse to resolve narrow fissures (widths typically 1 m). Kīlauea's Mauna Ulu eruption, which started with <50 m high Hawaiian fountains along a 4.5 km fissure on 24 May 1969, provides a unique opportunity to measure the detailed geometry of a shallow magmatic pathway, as the western vents remain unobstructed to depths >30 m. Direct measurements at the ground surface were augmented by tripod-mounted lidar measurements to quantify the shallow conduit geometry for three vents at a resolution <4 cm. We define the form of the fissure in terms of aspect ratio, flaring ratio, irregularity, sinuosity, and segmentation and discuss the factors influencing these parameters. In the past, simplified first-order fissure geometries have been used in computational modeling. Our data can provide more accurate conduit shapes for better understanding of shallow fissure fluid dynamics and how it controls eruptive behavior, especially if incorporated into computer models.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hawaiian volcanoes: From source to surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"conferenceTitle":"AGU Chapman Conference","conferenceDate":"August 20-24, 2012","conferenceLocation":"Waikoloa, Hawai'i","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/9781118872079.ch17","usgsCitation":"Parcheta, C., Fagents, S., Swanson, D., Houghton, B.F., and Ericksen, T., 2015, Hawaiian fissure fountains: Quantifying vent and shallow conduit geometry, episode 1 of the 1969-1974 Mauna Ulu eruption, chap. 17 of Hawaiian volcanoes: From source to surface, v. 208, p. 369-391, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118872079.ch17.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"391","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050831","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311101,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Mauna Ulu Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.21106719970703,\n 19.37253100428563\n ],\n [\n -155.1870346069336,\n 19.3741504184188\n ],\n [\n -155.18394470214844,\n 19.35520226587889\n ],\n [\n -155.20832061767578,\n 19.355364225230744\n ],\n [\n -155.21106719970703,\n 19.37253100428563\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"208","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"563ddd41e4b0831b7d6271ed","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Carey, Rebecca","contributorId":121557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carey","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692144,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cayol, Valerie","contributorId":121509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayol","given":"Valerie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692145,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":127857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":692146,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weis, Dominique","contributorId":121531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weis","given":"Dominique","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692147,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Parcheta, Carolyn","contributorId":115234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parcheta","given":"Carolyn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fagents, Sarah","contributorId":116991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagents","given":"Sarah","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":3137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Houghton, Bruce F. 0000-0002-7532-9770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9770","contributorId":140077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":518228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ericksen, Todd","contributorId":25484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ericksen","given":"Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70160708,"text":"70160708 - 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dschloesser@usgs.gov","contributorId":3579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloesser","given":"Donald","email":"dschloesser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Walsh, Mary C.","contributorId":150929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walsh","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":18144,"text":"Western Pennsylvania Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70143906,"text":"70143906 - 2015 - Endocrine disrupting alkylphenolic chemicals and other contaminants in wastewater treatment plant effluents, urban streams, and fish in the Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi River Regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:45:00","indexId":"70143906","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Endocrine disrupting alkylphenolic chemicals and other contaminants in wastewater treatment plant effluents, urban streams, and fish in the Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi River Regions","docAbstract":"Urban streams are an integral part of the municipal water cycle and provide a point of discharge for wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents, allowing additional attenuation through dilution and transformation processes, as well as a conduit for transporting contaminants to downstream water supplies. Domestic and commercial activities dispose of wastes down-the-drain, resulting in wastewater containing complex chemical mixtures that are only partially removed during treatment. A key issue associated with WWTP effluent discharge into streams is the potential to cause endocrine disruption in fish. This study provides a long-term (1999-2009) evaluation of the occurrence of alkylphenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and other contaminants discharged from WWTPs into streams in the Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi River Regions (Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, and Ohio). The Greater Metropolitan Chicago Area Waterways, Illinois, were evaluated to determine contaminant concentrations in the major WWTP effluents and receiving streams, and assess the behavior of EDCs from their sources within the sewer collection system, through the major treatment unit processes at a WWTP, to their persistence and transport in the receiving stream. Water samples were analyzed for alkylphenolic EDCs and other contaminants, including 4-nonylphenol (NP), 4-nonylphenolpolyethoxylates (NPEO), 4-nonylphenolethoxycarboxylic acids (NPEC), 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), 4-tert-octylphenolpolyethoxylates (OPEO), bisphenol A, triclosan, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and trace elements. All of the compounds were detected in all of the WWTP effluents, with EDTA and NPEC having the greatest concentrations. The compounds also were detected in the WWTP effluent dominated rivers. Multiple fish species were collected from river and lake sites and analyzed for NP, NPEO, NPEC, OP, and OPEO. Whole-body fish tissue analysis indicated widespread occurrence of alkylphenolic compounds, with the highest concentrations occurring in streams with the greatest WWTP effluent content. Biomarkers of endocrine disruption in the fish indicated long-term exposure to estrogenic chemicals in the wastewater impacted urban waterways.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.035","usgsCitation":"Barber, L.B., Loyo-Rosales, J.E., Rice, C.P., Minarik, T.A., and Oskouie, A.K., 2015, Endocrine disrupting alkylphenolic chemicals and other contaminants in wastewater treatment plant effluents, urban streams, and fish in the Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi River Regions: Science of the Total Environment, v. 517, p. 195-206, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.035.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"206","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063329","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298891,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"517","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55128aade4b02e76d75bd60b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loyo-Rosales, Jorge E.","contributorId":139815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loyo-Rosales","given":"Jorge","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13282,"text":"Ryerson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rice, Clifford P.","contributorId":56594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Clifford","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Minarik, Thomas A.","contributorId":139816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Minarik","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13283,"text":"Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oskouie, Ali K.","contributorId":139817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oskouie","given":"Ali","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":13284,"text":"Illinois Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70143924,"text":"70143924 - 2015 - Soil disturbance as a driver of increased stream salinity in a semiarid watershed undergoing energy development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:45:36","indexId":"70143924","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil disturbance as a driver of increased stream salinity in a semiarid watershed undergoing energy development","docAbstract":"Salinization is a global threat to the quality of streams and rivers, but it can have many causes. Oil and gas development were investigated as one of several potential causes of changes in the salinity of Muddy Creek, which drains 2470 km2 of mostly public land in Wyoming, U.S.A. Stream discharge and salinity vary with seasonal snowmelt and define a primary salinity-discharge relationship. Salinity, measured by specific conductance, increased substantially in 2009 and was 53-71% higher at low discharge and 33-34% higher at high discharge for the years 2009-2012 compared to 2005-2008. Short-term processes (e.g., flushing of efflorescent salts) cause within-year deviations from the primary relation but do not obscure the overall increase in salinity. Dissolved elements associated with increased salinity include calcium, magnesium, and sulfate, a composition that points to native soil salts derived from marine shales as a likely source. Potential causes of the salinity increase were evaluated for consistency by using measured patterns in stream chemistry, slope of the salinity-discharge relationship, and inter-annual timing of the salinity increase. Potential causes that were inconsistent with one or more of those criteria included effects from precipitation, evapotranspiration, reservoirs, grazing, irrigation return flow, groundwater discharge, discharge of energy co-produced waters, and stream habitat restoration. In contrast, surface disturbance of naturally salt-rich soil by oil and gas development activities, such as pipeline, road, and well pad construction, is a reasonable candidate for explaining the salinity increase. As development continues to expand in semiarid lands worldwide, the potential for soil disturbance to increase stream salinity should be considered, particularly where soils host substantial quantities of native salts.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geophysical Society","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.02.020","usgsCitation":"Bern, C., Clark, M.L., Schmidt, T., Holloway, J.M., and Mcdougal, R., 2015, Soil disturbance as a driver of increased stream salinity in a semiarid watershed undergoing energy development: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, v. 524, p. 123-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.02.020.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"136","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057757","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"524","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55128ab5e4b02e76d75bd621","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bern, Carleton R. cbern@usgs.gov","contributorId":139818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton R.","email":"cbern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Melanie L. mlclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Melanie","email":"mlclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, Travis S. 0000-0003-1400-0637 tschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-0637","contributorId":1300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Travis S.","email":"tschmidt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holloway, JoAnn M. 0000-0003-3603-7668 jholloway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3603-7668","contributorId":918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holloway","given":"JoAnn","email":"jholloway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mcdougal, Robert rmcdouga@usgs.gov","contributorId":139819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mcdougal","given":"Robert","email":"rmcdouga@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70169250,"text":"70169250 - 2015 - Record long-distance movement of a Deer Mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, in a New England montane boreal forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-17T21:33:55.292659","indexId":"70169250","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1163,"text":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Record long-distance movement of a Deer Mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, in a New England montane boreal forest","docAbstract":"We report a single-season, non-homing movement of 4287 ± 10 m by an adult male Deer Mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, in western Maine, United States, in summer 2014. The movement was achieved in two stages: 927 ± 3 m in four days and an additional 3360 ± 10 m in 44 days. This is approximately 40% greater than the previously documented maximum linear movement for an individual of this species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v129i2.1699","usgsCitation":"Wood, C.M., and McKinney, S.T., 2015, Record long-distance movement of a Deer Mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, in a New England montane boreal forest: Canadian Field-Naturalist, v. 129, no. 2, p. 181-182, https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v129i2.1699.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"182","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060609","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472237,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v129i2.1699","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381472,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Bigelow Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n 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smckinney@usgs.gov","contributorId":5175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinney","given":"Shawn","email":"smckinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70147491,"text":"70147491 - 2015 - Quaternary tephrochronology and deposition in the subsurface Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, California, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-31T16:01:18.181621","indexId":"70147491","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quaternary tephrochronology and deposition in the subsurface Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, California, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"We document characteristics of tephra, including facies and geochemistry, from 27 subsurface sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, to obtain stratigraphic constraints in a complex setting. Analyzed discrete tephra deposits are correlative with: 1) an unnamed tephra from the Carlotta Formation near Ferndale, California, herein informally named the ash of Wildcat Grade (<~1.450 - >~0.780 Ma), 2) the Rockland ash bed (~0.575 Ma), 3) the Loleta ash bed (~0.390 Ma), and 4) a middle Pleistocene tephra resembling volcanic ash deposits at Tulelake, California, and Pringle Falls, Bend, and Summer Lake, Oregon, herein informally named the dacitic ash of Hood (<~0.211 to >~0.180 Ma, correlated age). All four tephra are derived from Cascades volcanic sources. The Rockland ash bed erupted from the southern Cascades near Lassen Peak, California, and occurs in deposits up to >7 m thick as observed in core samples taken from ~40 m depth below land surface. Tephra facies and tephra age constraints suggest rapid tephra deposition within fluvial channel and overbank settings, likely related to flood events shortly following the volcanic eruption. Such rapidly deposited tephra are important chronostratigraphic markers that suggest varying sediment accumulation rates (~0.07-0.29 m/1000 yr) in Quaternary deposits below the modern Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. This study provides the first steps in developing a subsurface Quaternary stratigraphic framework necessary for future hazard assessment.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Quaternary Association","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2014.12.007","usgsCitation":"Maier, K., Gatti, E., Wan, E., Ponti, D.J., Pagenkopp, M., Starratt, S.W., Olson, H.A., and Tinsley, J., 2015, Quaternary tephrochronology and deposition in the subsurface Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, California, U.S.A.: Quaternary Research, v. 83, no. 2, p. 378-393, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.12.007.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"378","endPage":"393","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052550","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300032,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.8771743774414,\n 38.012664749652494\n ],\n [\n -121.8771743774414,\n 38.078365629967145\n ],\n [\n -121.78070068359375,\n 38.078365629967145\n ],\n [\n -121.78070068359375,\n 38.012664749652494\n ],\n [\n -121.8771743774414,\n 38.012664749652494\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"83","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55489850e4b0a658d7960d7c","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2014.12.007","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.12.007","publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","authors":"Maier Katherine L., Gatti Emma, Wan Elmira, Ponti Daniel J., Pagenkopp Mark, Starratt Scott W., Olson Holly A., Tinsley John C.","journalName":"Quaternary Research","publicationDate":"3/2015","auditedOn":"3/9/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maier, Katherine L.","contributorId":91411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maier","given":"Katherine L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gatti, Emma egatti@usgs.gov","contributorId":5302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gatti","given":"Emma","email":"egatti@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wan, Elmira 0000-0002-9255-112X ewan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9255-112X","contributorId":3434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wan","given":"Elmira","email":"ewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ponti, Daniel J. 0000-0002-2437-5144 dponti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2437-5144","contributorId":1020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponti","given":"Daniel","email":"dponti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pagenkopp, Mark","contributorId":102802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pagenkopp","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Starratt, Scott W. 0000-0001-9405-1746 sstarrat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9405-1746","contributorId":2891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starratt","given":"Scott","email":"sstarrat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Olson, Holly A. holson@usgs.gov","contributorId":5305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Holly","email":"holson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tinsley, John jtinsley@usgs.gov","contributorId":140545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinsley","given":"John","email":"jtinsley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70147094,"text":"70147094 - 2015 - Long‐term time‐dependent probabilities for the third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-28T09:15:02","indexId":"70147094","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long‐term time‐dependent probabilities for the third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3)","docAbstract":"The 2014 Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP 2014) presents time-dependent earthquake probabilities for the third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3). Building on the UCERF3 time-independent model, published previously, renewal models are utilized to represent elastic-rebound-implied probabilities. A new methodology has been developed that solves applicability issues in the previous approach for un-segmented models. The new methodology also supports magnitude-dependent aperiodicity and accounts for the historic open interval on faults that lack a date-of-last-event constraint. Epistemic uncertainties are represented with a logic tree, producing 5,760 different forecasts. Results for a variety of evaluation metrics are presented, including logic-tree sensitivity analyses and comparisons to the previous model (UCERF2). For 30-year M≥6.7 probabilities, the most significant changes from UCERF2 are a threefold increase on the Calaveras fault and a threefold decrease on the San Jacinto fault. Such changes are due mostly to differences in the time-independent models (e.g., fault slip rates), with relaxation of segmentation and inclusion of multi-fault ruptures being particularly influential. In fact, some UCERF2 faults were simply too long to produce M 6.7 sized events given the segmentation assumptions in that study. Probability model differences are also influential, with the implied gains (relative to a Poisson model) being generally higher in UCERF3. Accounting for the historic open interval is one reason. Another is an effective 27% increase in the total elastic-rebound-model weight. The exact factors influencing differences between UCERF2 and UCERF3, as well as the relative importance of logic-tree branches, vary throughout the region, and depend on the evaluation metric of interest. For example, M≥6.7 probabilities may not be a good proxy for other hazard or loss measures. This sensitivity, coupled with the approximate nature of the model and known limitations, means the applicability of UCERF3 should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Stanford, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120140093","usgsCitation":"Field, E., Biasi, G.P., Bird, P., Dawson, T.E., Felzer, K.R., Jackson, D.A., Johnson, K.M., Jordan, T.H., Madden, C., Michael, A.J., Milner, K., Page, M.T., Parsons, T.E., Powers, P., Shaw, B., Thatcher, W.R., Weldon, R.J., and Zeng, Y., 2015, Long‐term time‐dependent probabilities for the third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3): Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 105, no. 2A, p. 511-543, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120140093.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"511","endPage":"543","numberOfPages":"33","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061354","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"2A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5540af2ce4b0a658d79392ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Field, Edward H. 0000-0001-8172-7882 field@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-7882","contributorId":1165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Edward H.","email":"field@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biasi, Glenn P.","contributorId":20436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biasi","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bird, Peter","contributorId":78643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dawson, Timothy E.","contributorId":24429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dawson","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. Geol. Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Felzer, Karen R. kfelzer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felzer","given":"Karen","email":"kfelzer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jackson, David A.","contributorId":40906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, Kaj M.","contributorId":92526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kaj","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jordan, Thomas H.","contributorId":75055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Madden, Christopher","contributorId":47280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Michael, Andrew J. 0000-0002-2403-5019 michael@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":1280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"Andrew","email":"michael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Milner, Kevin","contributorId":28886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milner","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Page, Morgan T. 0000-0001-9321-2990 mpage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9321-2990","contributorId":3762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"Morgan","email":"mpage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Parsons, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0582-4338 tparsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-4338","contributorId":2314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Thomas","email":"tparsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Powers, Peter","contributorId":92596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Shaw, Bruce E.","contributorId":93810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"Bruce E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Thatcher, Wayne R. 0000-0001-6324-545X thatcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6324-545X","contributorId":2599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Wayne","email":"thatcher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Weldon, Ray J. II","contributorId":47859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weldon","given":"Ray","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Zeng, Yuehua zeng@usgs.gov","contributorId":1623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Yuehua","email":"zeng@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70135275,"text":"70135275 - 2015 - Mineral resource of the month: silver","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-20T09:00:03","indexId":"70135275","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1419,"text":"Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral resource of the month: silver","docAbstract":"Silver, one of the eight precious or noble metals, has been used extensively throughout recorded history for various medical purposes, ornaments and utensils, and for its intrinsic value as the basis for trade and monetary systems. Silver has played a significant role in world history, financing a Greek victory over the Persians in 480 B.C., helping Spain become a world power in the 16th and 17th centuries, and helping fund the Union forces during the U.S. Civil War, to give a few examples.
\nSilver occurs as a native metal; in sulfide ores of copper, lead and zinc; and sometimes with bismuth and antimony. Silver is always present in ores containing gold. The Silver Institute estimated that, in 2013, about 29 percent of global mined silver came from silver ores, 38 percent came from lead-zinc ores, 20 percent came from copper ores and 13 percent came from gold ores.
\nSilver's properties include its ability to endure extreme temperatures, its high reflectance of light, its thermal and electrical conductivity (the highest of all metals), and its strength, malleability and ductility. Demand for silver arises from three areas: industrial applications (in electronics, brazing alloys and solders, photography and other uses), investment (including coins and bars), and silver jewelry and decor (including silverware).
\nSilver-halide X-rays were long the standard, but are now being replaced by digital imaging technology. Since 2000, demand for silver in photographic applications has also declined owing to the use of digital photography. In 2013, uses in electronics accounted for 42 percent of U.S. silver consumption; coins and metals for 35 percent; photography for 13 percent; jewelry and silverware for 7 percent; and other uses for 3 percent.
\nSilver is also used in solar power generation: 90 percent of crystalline silicon photovoltaic solar cells use silver paste. On windows, a transparent layer of silver reflects up to 95 percent of sunlight, saving energy. In water purification, use of silver eliminates the need for corrosive chlorine.
\nFor more information on silver and other mineral resources, visit: http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geological Institute","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","usgsCitation":"Katrivanos, F.C., 2015, Mineral resource of the month: silver: Earth, v. 60, no. 3, p. 53-53.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"53","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061694","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300596,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.earthmagazine.org/article/mineral-resource-month-silver"},{"id":300597,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555db054e4b0a92fa7eb831a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katrivanos, Florence C. fkatrivanos@usgs.gov","contributorId":2109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katrivanos","given":"Florence","email":"fkatrivanos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70148074,"text":"70148074 - 2015 - Small mammal use of native warm-season and non-native cool-season grass forage fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-19T08:55:50","indexId":"70148074","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Small mammal use of native warm-season and non-native cool-season grass forage fields","docAbstract":"Recent emphasis has been put on establishing native warm-season grasses for forage production because it is thought native warm-season grasses provide higher quality wildlife habitat than do non-native cool-season grasses. However, it is not clear whether native warm-season grass fields provide better resources for small mammals than currently are available in non-native cool-season grass forage production fields. We developed a hierarchical spatially explicit capture-recapture model to compare abundance of hispid cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus), white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus), and house mice (Mus musculus) among 4 hayed non-native cool-season grass fields, 4 hayed native warm-season grass fields, and 4 native warm-season grass-forb (\"wildlife\") fields managed for wildlife during 2 summer trapping periods in 2009 and 2010 of the western piedmont of North Carolina, USA. Cotton rat abundance estimates were greater in wildlife fields than in native warm-season grass and non-native cool-season grass fields and greater in native warm-season grass fields than in non-native cool-season grass fields. Abundances of white-footed mouse and house mouse populations were lower in wildlife fields than in native warm-season grass and non-native cool-season grass fields, but the abundances were not different between the native warm-season grass and non-native cool-season grass fields. Lack of cover following haying in non-native cool-season grass and native warm-season grass fields likely was the key factor limiting small mammal abundance, especially cotton rats, in forage fields. Retention of vegetation structure in managed forage production systems, either by alternately resting cool-season and warm-season grass forage fields or by leaving unharvested field borders, should provide refugia for small mammals during haying events.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/wsb.507","usgsCitation":"Klimstra, R.L., Moorman, C.E., Converse, S.J., Royle, J.A., and Harper, C.A., 2015, Small mammal use of native warm-season and non-native cool-season grass forage fields: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 39, no. 1, p. 49-55, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.507.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"55","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056857","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/3aba7bcedd5e4df68ec830015a2dc12a","text":"External Repository"},{"id":300527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555c5eb9e4b0a92fa7eacc0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klimstra, Ryan L","contributorId":140840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klimstra","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moorman, Christopher E.","contributorId":140839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moorman","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":3513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167 aroyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":139626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J.","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harper, Craig A","contributorId":140841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harper","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70147405,"text":"70147405 - 2015 - Revisions to some parameters used in stochastic-method simulations of ground motion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-01T10:46:17","indexId":"70147405","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Revisions to some parameters used in stochastic-method simulations of ground motion","docAbstract":"The stochastic method of ground‐motion simulation specifies the amplitude spectrum as a function of magnitude (M) and distance (R). The manner in which the amplitude spectrum varies with M and R depends on physical‐based parameters that are often constrained by recorded motions for a particular region (e.g., stress parameter, geometrical spreading, quality factor, and crustal amplifications), which we refer to as the seismological model. The remaining ingredient for the stochastic method is the ground‐motion duration. Although the duration obviously affects the character of the ground motion in the time domain, it also significantly affects the response of a single‐degree‐of‐freedom oscillator. Recently published updates to the stochastic method include a new generalized double‐corner‐frequency source model, a new finite‐fault correction, a new parameterization of duration, and a new duration model for active crustal regions. In this article, we augment these updates with a new crustal amplification model and a new duration model for stable continental regions. Random‐vibration theory (RVT) provides a computationally efficient method to compute the peak oscillator response directly from the ground‐motion amplitude spectrum and duration. Because the correction factor used to account for the nonstationarity of the ground motion depends on the ground‐motion amplitude spectrum and duration, we also present new RVT correction factors for both active and stable regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120140281","usgsCitation":"Boore, D., and Thompson, E., 2015, Revisions to some parameters used in stochastic-method simulations of ground motion: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 105, no. 2A, p. 1029-1041, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120140281.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1029","endPage":"1041","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061693","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300018,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"2A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5544a3b6e4b0a658d79478ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boore, David 0000-0002-8605-9673 boore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-9673","contributorId":140502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Eric M.","contributorId":79193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Eric M.","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70148611,"text":"70148611 - 2015 - In situ effects of pesticides on amphibians in the Sierra Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-26T13:13:13","indexId":"70148611","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ effects of pesticides on amphibians in the Sierra Nevada","docAbstract":"For more than 20 years, conservationists have agreed that amphibian populations around the world are declining. Results obtained through laboratory or mesocosm studies and measurement of contaminant concentrations in areas experiencing declines have supported a role of contaminants in these declines. The current study examines the effects of contaminant exposure to amphibians in situ in areas actually experiencing declines. Early larval Pseudacris regilla were translocated among Lassen Volcanic, Yosemite and Sequoia National Parks, California, USA and caged in wetlands in 2001 and 2002 until metamorphosis. Twenty contaminants were identified in tadpoles with an average of 1.3–5.9 (maximum = 10) contaminants per animal. Sequoia National Park, which had the greatest variety and concentrations of contaminants in 2001, also had tadpoles that experienced the greatest mortality, slowest developmental rates and lowest cholinesterase activities. Yosemite and Sequoia tadpoles and metamorphs had greater genotoxicity than those in Lassen during 2001, as determined by flow cytometry. In 2001 tadpoles at Yosemite had a significantly higher rate of malformations, characterized as hemimelia (shortened femurs), than those at the other two parks but no significant differences were observed in 2002. Fewer differences in contaminant types and concentrations existed among parks during 2002 compared to 2001. In 2002 Sequoia tadpoles had higher mortality and slower developmental rates but there was no difference among parks in cholinesterase activities. Although concentrations of most contaminants were below known lethal concentrations, simultaneous exposure to multiple chemicals and other stressors may have resulted in lethal and sublethal effects.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-014-1375-7","usgsCitation":"Sparling, D.W., Bickham, J.W., Cowman, D., Fellers, G.M., Lacher, T., Matson, C., and McConnell, L., 2015, In situ effects of pesticides on amphibians in the Sierra Nevada: Ecotoxicology, v. 24, no. 2, p. 262-278, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-014-1375-7.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"262","endPage":"278","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-031394","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":302569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lassen Volcanic, Yosemite, and Sequoia National Parks","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.6351318359375,\n 40.347590756726525\n ],\n [\n -121.6351318359375,\n 40.60769725157612\n ],\n [\n -121.18881225585938,\n 40.60769725157612\n ],\n [\n -121.18881225585938,\n 40.347590756726525\n ],\n [\n -121.6351318359375,\n 40.347590756726525\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.91577148437499,\n 37.461778479617465\n ],\n [\n -119.91577148437499,\n 38.14751758025121\n ],\n [\n -119.11926269531249,\n 38.14751758025121\n ],\n [\n -119.11926269531249,\n 37.461778479617465\n ],\n [\n -119.91577148437499,\n 37.461778479617465\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.1412353515625,\n 36.17779108329074\n ],\n [\n -119.1412353515625,\n 36.760891249565624\n ],\n [\n -118.14697265625,\n 36.760891249565624\n ],\n [\n -118.14697265625,\n 36.17779108329074\n ],\n [\n -119.1412353515625,\n 36.17779108329074\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558e77b7e4b0b6d21dd6595f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sparling, Donald W.","contributorId":7220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparling","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bickham, John W.","contributorId":56184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bickham","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cowman, Deborah","contributorId":141221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cowman","given":"Deborah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13715,"text":"Brazos Natural History Museum; U.S. Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285 gary_fellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":3150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","email":"gary_fellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lacher, Thomas E. Jr.","contributorId":28540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacher","given":"Thomas E.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Matson, Cole W.","contributorId":141222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matson","given":"Cole W.","affiliations":[{"id":13716,"text":"Baylor University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McConnell, Laura","contributorId":57411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConnell","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70148113,"text":"70148113 - 2015 - Response of crayfish to hyporheic water availability and excess sedimentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-02T14:01:18","indexId":"70148113","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of crayfish to hyporheic water availability and excess sedimentation","docAbstract":"Crayfish in many headwater streams regularly cope with seasonal drought. However, it is unclear how landscape changes affect the long-term persistence of crayfish populations. We designed two laboratory experiments to investigate the acute effects of common landscape stressors on crayfish: water withdrawal and sedimentation. The first experiment tested the interaction among water withdrawals (four 24-h water reductions of 0, 15, 30, or 45 cm) and two substrate treatments (pebble and cobble) on the burrowing depth of crayfish. The second experiment evaluated the effects of excess fine sediment (three treatments of 0, 45, and 90% sediment) and substrate type (cobble and pebble) on crayfish burrowing depth. Crayfish were able to burrow deeper into the simulated hyporheic zone in cobble substrate when compared to pebble. Crayfish subjected to greater water withdrawals in the pebble treatment were not able to reach the simulated hyporheic zone. Excess fine sediment reduced the depth that crayfish burrowed, regardless of substrate type. Results from this study suggest excess fine sediment may reduce crayfish persistence, particularly when seeking refuge during prolonged dry conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","doi":"10.1007/s10750-014-2126-8","usgsCitation":"Dyer, J.J., Worthington, T.A., and Brewer, S.K., 2015, Response of crayfish to hyporheic water availability and excess sedimentation: Hydrobiologia, v. 747, no. 1, p. 147-157, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-014-2126-8.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"157","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057495","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300981,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"747","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"556ed3d3e4b0d9246a9fa7f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dyer, Joseph J.","contributorId":140681,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyer","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Worthington, Thomas A.","contributorId":140662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Worthington","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921 skbrewer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":2252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon","email":"skbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70147468,"text":"70147468 - 2015 - Revision of Tympanopleura Eigenmann (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae) with description of two new species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-01T13:34:31","indexId":"70147468","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2852,"text":"Neotropical Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Revision of Tympanopleura Eigenmann (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae) with description of two new species","docAbstract":"The Neotropical catfish genus Tympanopleura, previously synonymized within Ageneiosus, is revalidated and included species are reviewed. Six species are recognized, two of which are described as new. Tympanopleura is distinguished from Ageneiosus by having an enlarged gas bladder not strongly encapsulated in bone; a prominent pseudotympanum consisting of an area on the side of the body devoid of epaxial musculature where the gas bladder contacts the internal coelomic wall; short, blunt head without greatly elongated jaws; and smaller adult body size. Species of Tympanopleura are distinguished from each other on the basis of unique meristic, morphometric, and pigmentation differences. Ageneiosus melanopogon and Tympanopleura nigricollis are junior synonyms ofTympanopleura atronasus. Tympanopleura alta is a junior synonym of Tympanopleura brevis. A lectotype is designated for T. brevis. Ageneiosus madeirensis is a junior synonym of Tympanopleura rondoni. Tympanopleura atronasus, T. brevis, T. longipinna, and T. rondoni are relatively widespread in the middle and upper Amazon River basin. Tympanopleura cryptica is described from relatively few specimens collected in the upper portion of the Amazon River basin in Peru and the middle portion of that basin in Brazil. Tympanopleura piperata is distributed in the upper and middle Amazon River basin, as well as in the Essequibo River drainage of Guyana.
","language":"English","publisher":"Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia","doi":"10.1590/1982-0224-20130220","usgsCitation":"Walsh, S.J., Ribeiro, F., and Rapp Py-Daniel, L.H., 2015, Revision of Tympanopleura Eigenmann (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae) with description of two new species: Neotropical Ichthyology, v. 13, no. 1, p. 1-46, https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20130220.","productDescription":"46 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051951","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20130220","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300029,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5544a3b5e4b0a658d79478cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walsh, Stephen J. 0000-0002-1009-8537 swalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-8537","contributorId":1456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Stephen","email":"swalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ribeiro, Frank","contributorId":140535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13526,"text":"Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarem, Para, Brazil","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rapp Py-Daniel, Lucia H.","contributorId":140536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rapp Py-Daniel","given":"Lucia","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13527,"text":"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70143551,"text":"70143551 - 2015 - Hydroclimatic conditions preceding the March 2014 Oso landslide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-02T11:24:40","indexId":"70143551","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydroclimatic conditions preceding the March 2014 Oso landslide","docAbstract":"The 22 March 2014 Oso landslide was one of the deadliest in U.S. history, resulting in 43 fatalities and the destruction of more than 40 structures. We examine synoptic conditions, precipitation records and soil moisture reconstructions in the days, months, and years preceding the landslide. Atmospheric reanalysis shows a period of enhanced moisture transport to the Pacific Northwest beginning on 11 February 2014. The 21- to 42-day periods prior to the landslide had anomalously high precipitation; we estimate that 300-400 mm of precipitation fell at Oso in the 21 days prior to the landslide. Relative only to historical periods ending on 22 March, the return periods of these precipitation accumulations are large (25-88 years). However, relative to the largest accumulations from any time of the year (annual maxima), return periods are more modest (2-6 years). In addition to the 21-42 days prior to the landslide, there is a secondary maximum in the precipitation return periods for the 4 years preceding the landslide. Reconstructed soil moisture was anomalously high prior to the landslide, with a return period that exceeded 40 years about a week before the event.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JHM-D-15-0008.1","usgsCitation":"Henn, B., Cao, Q., Lettenmaier, D.P., Magirl, C.S., Mass, C., Bower, J.B., St. Laurent, M., Mao, Y., and Perica, S., 2015, Hydroclimatic conditions preceding the March 2014 Oso landslide: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 16, no. 3, p. 1243-1249, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-15-0008.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1243","endPage":"1249","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061638","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-15-0008.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":298832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.167724609375,\n 47.27177506640826\n ],\n [\n -123.167724609375,\n 48.94415123418794\n ],\n [\n -119.388427734375,\n 48.94415123418794\n ],\n [\n -119.388427734375,\n 47.27177506640826\n ],\n [\n -123.167724609375,\n 47.27177506640826\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550d44c0e4b02e76d759d87f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henn, Brian","contributorId":139777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henn","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cao, Qian","contributorId":139778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cao","given":"Qian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12763,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lettenmaier, Dennis P.","contributorId":139779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lettenmaier","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12763,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mass, Clifford","contributorId":139780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mass","given":"Clifford","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bower, J. Brent","contributorId":138697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bower","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brent","affiliations":[{"id":12498,"text":"NOAA National Weather Service, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"St. Laurent, Michael","contributorId":139782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"St. Laurent","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12907,"text":"NOAA/Hydrometeorological Design Studies Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mao, Yixin","contributorId":139783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mao","given":"Yixin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Perica, Sanja","contributorId":139784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perica","given":"Sanja","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12907,"text":"NOAA/Hydrometeorological Design Studies Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70154774,"text":"70154774 - 2015 - Turbidity, light, temperature, and hydropeaking control primary productivity in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-14T17:37:39.358873","indexId":"70154774","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Turbidity, light, temperature, and hydropeaking control primary productivity in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon","docAbstract":"Dams and river regulation greatly alter the downstream environment for gross primary production (GPP) because of changes in water clarity, flow, and temperature regimes. We estimated reach-scale GPP in five locations of the regulated Colorado River in Grand Canyon using an open channel model of dissolved oxygen. Benthic GPP dominates in Grand Canyon due to fast transport times and low pelagic algal biomass. In one location, we used a 738 days time series of GPP to identify the relative contribution of different physical controls of GPP. We developed both linear and semimechanistic time series models that account for unmeasured temporal covariance due to factors such as algal biomass dynamics. GPP varied from 0 g O2 m−2 d−1 to 3.0 g O2 m−2 d−1 with a relatively low annual average of 0.8 g O2 m−2 d−1. Semimechanistic models fit the data better than linear models and demonstrated that variation in turbidity primarily controlled GPP. Lower solar insolation during winter and from cloud cover lowered GPP much further. Hydropeaking lowered GPP but only during turbid conditions. Using the best model and parameter values, the model accurately predicted seasonal estimates of GPP at 3 of 4 upriver sites and outperformed the linear model at all sites; discrepancies were likely from higher algal biomass at upstream sites. This modeling approach can predict how changes in physical controls will affect relative rates of GPP throughout the 385 km segment of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon and can be easily applied to other streams and rivers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/lno.10031","usgsCitation":"Hall, R., Yackulic, C.B., Kennedy, T., Yard, M., Rosi-Marshall, E.J., Voichick, N., and Behn, K.E., 2015, Turbidity, light, temperature, and hydropeaking control primary productivity in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 60, no. 2, p. 512-516, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10031.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"512","endPage":"516","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056074","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10031","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306634,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.97690643788997,\n 35.96223553892966\n ],\n [\n -111.95607071326728,\n 36.15089215745617\n ],\n [\n -112.47488025637692,\n 36.439732993660684\n ],\n [\n -113.00202408933613,\n 36.35587791388548\n ],\n [\n -113.62917940048527,\n 35.88968479994075\n ],\n [\n -113.53125149475788,\n 35.705479139380046\n ],\n [\n -113.28747351666969,\n 35.724088071319485\n ],\n [\n -113.16870988631914,\n 35.9959573825395\n ],\n [\n -112.61031246642614,\n 36.256812611305506\n ],\n [\n -111.97690643788997,\n 35.96223553892966\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfc0e4b08400b1fe1456","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/lno.10031","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lno.10031","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Hall Robert O., Yackulic Charles B., Kennedy Theodore A., Yard Michael D., Rosi-Marshall Emma J., Voichick Nicholas, Behn Kathrine E.","journalName":"Limnology and Oceanography","publicationDate":"1/30/2015","auditedOn":"1/29/2017","publiclyAccessibleDate":"1/30/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, Robert O. 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The study design consisted of equal numbers (two) of control, ceased-stock, and stocked treatments that were sampled one year before and two years after stocking. Relative abundance, growth, size structure, and average weight significantly changed over time based on samples collected with hoop nets. Catch rates decreased at both ceased-stock lakes and increased for one stocked lake, while growth rates changed for at least one ceased-stock and stocked lake. The average weight of channel catfish in the ceased-stock treatment increased by 6% and 25%, whereas weight decreased by 28% and 78% in both stocked lakes. The variability in observed responses between lakes in both ceased-stock and stocked treatments indicates that a one-size-fits-all stocking agenda is impractical, suggesting lake specific and density-dependent mechanisms affect channel catfish population dynamics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02705060.2015.1021715","usgsCitation":"Stewart, D., and Long, J.M., 2015, Using an experimental manipulation to determine the effectiveness of a stock enhancement program: Freshwater Ecology, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2015.1021715.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056629","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472256,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2015.1021715","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308165,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92d6e4b05d6c4e501ae6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, David R.","contributorId":141323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155113,"text":"70155113 - 2015 - Identifying the location and population served by domestic wells in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-05T13:10:48","indexId":"70155113","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying the location and population served by domestic wells in California","docAbstract":"California, USA.
\nIdentification of groundwater use is an important step in the regional-scale assessment of groundwater quality. In California, 1990 US Census data indicate that domestic wells provide drinking-water to about 1.2 million people. However, the location of these domestic well users of groundwater is poorly identified because the census tracts can be quite large (up to 20,000 km2). The purposes of this paper are to present methods used for (1) estimating the location of domestic wells, (2) estimating the location of households using domestic well water; and (3) identifying where in California groundwater is an important source of domestic drinking supply.
\nAggregating the results indicates that three hydrogeologic provinces contain nearly 80% of all domestic wells and also have the highest density of domestic well users: Central Valley (31.6%), Sierra Nevada (31.5%), and Northern Coast Ranges (16.6%). Results were also aggregated into groundwater basins and highland areas, collectively called Groundwater Units (GUs). Twenty-eight of the 938 GUs contain more than 50% of the total population served by domestic wells, 70 GUs contain more than 75%, and 150 GUs contain 90%. The 28 GUs are mostly located in the eastern and southern San Joaquin Valley (11), the Sacramento Valley (7), and the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada province (5). Using the information presented in this research along with other information about domestic-well use, the US Geological Survey has begun sampling high-use GUs for the Shallow Aquifer Assessment component of the Groundwater Ambient Assessment (GAMA) program.
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","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12320","usgsCitation":"Fienen, M., and Hunt, R.J., 2015, High-throughput computing vs. high-performance computing for groundwater applications: Groundwater, v. 53, no. 2, p. 180-184, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12320.","startPage":"180","endPage":"184","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061023","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5597b22be4b021e11ea672e3","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gwat.12320","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12320","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Fienen Michael N., Hunt Randall J.","journalName":"Groundwater","publicationDate":"1/28/2015","auditedOn":"2/28/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70174829,"text":"70174829 - 2015 - Quantifying suspended sediment loads delivered to Cheney Reservoir, Kansas: Temporal patterns and management implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T11:37:50","indexId":"70174829","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2456,"text":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying suspended sediment loads delivered to Cheney Reservoir, Kansas: Temporal patterns and management implications","docAbstract":"Cheney Reservoir, constructed during 1962 to 1965, is the primary water supply for the city of Wichita, the largest city in Kansas. Sediment is an important concern for the reservoir as it degrades water quality and progressively decreases water storage capacity. Long-term data collection provided a unique opportunity to estimate the annual suspended sediment loads for the entire history of the reservoir. To quantify and characterize sediment loading to Cheney Reservoir, discrete suspended sediment samples and continuously measured streamflow data were collected from the North Fork Ninnescah River, the primary inflow to Cheney Reservoir, over a 48-year period. Continuous turbidity data also were collected over a 15-year period. These data were used together to develop simple linear regression models to compute continuous suspended sediment concentrations and loads from 1966 to 2013. The inclusion of turbidity as an additional explanatory variable with streamflow improved regression model diagnostics and increased the amount of variability in suspended sediment concentration explained by 14%. Using suspended sediment concentration from the streamflow-only model, the average annual suspended sediment load was 102,517 t (113,006 tn) and ranged from 4,826 t (5,320 tn) in 1966 to 967,569 t (1,066,562 tn) in 1979. The sediment load in 1979 accounted for about 20% of the total load over the 48-year history of the reservoir and 92% of the 1979 sediment load occurred in one 24-hour period during a 1% annual exceedance probability flow event (104-year flood). Nearly 60% of the reservoir sediment load during the 48-year study period occurred in 5 years with extreme flow events (9% to 1% annual exceedance probability, or 11- to 104-year flood events). A substantial portion (41%) of sediment was transported to the reservoir during five storm events spanning only eight 24-hour periods during 1966 to 2013. Annual suspended sediment load estimates based on streamflow were, on average, within ±20% of estimates based on streamflow and turbidity combined. Results demonstrate that large suspended sediment loads are delivered to Cheney Reservoir in very short time periods, indicating that sediment management plans eventually must address large, infrequent inflow events to be effective.
","language":"English","publisher":"Soil and Water Conservation Society","doi":"10.2489/jswc.70.2.91","usgsCitation":"Stone, M.L., Juracek, K.E., Graham, J., and Foster, G.M., 2015, Quantifying suspended sediment loads delivered to Cheney Reservoir, Kansas: Temporal patterns and management implications: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, v. 70, no. 2, p. 91-100, https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.70.2.91.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"100","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058102","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.70.2.91","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325358,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Cheney Reservoir Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.0692138671875,\n 37.67077737288316\n ],\n [\n -99.0692138671875,\n 38.01564013749379\n ],\n [\n -97.77145385742188,\n 38.01564013749379\n ],\n [\n -97.77145385742188,\n 37.67077737288316\n ],\n [\n -99.0692138671875,\n 37.67077737288316\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"70","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdb8e4b0f1bea0e0f8e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Mandy L. 0000-0002-6711-1536 mstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6711-1536","contributorId":4409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Mandy","email":"mstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Juracek, Kyle E. 0000-0002-2102-8980 kjuracek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-8980","contributorId":2022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juracek","given":"Kyle","email":"kjuracek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6420-9335 jlgraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-9335","contributorId":150737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer L.","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":642669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foster, Guy M. 0000-0002-9581-057X gfoster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9581-057X","contributorId":149145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Guy","email":"gfoster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70156703,"text":"70156703 - 2015 - Bidirectional recovery patterns of Mojave Desert vegetation in an aqueduct pipeline corridor after 36 years: I. Perennial shrubs and grasses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-19T12:25:14","indexId":"70156703","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bidirectional recovery patterns of Mojave Desert vegetation in an aqueduct pipeline corridor after 36 years: I. Perennial shrubs and grasses","docAbstract":"We studied recovery of 21 perennial plant species along a severely disturbed aqueduct corridor in a Larrea tridentata-Ambrosia dumosa plant alliance in the Mojave Desert 36 years after construction. The 97-m wide corridor contained a central dirt road and buried aqueduct pipeline. We established transects at 0 m (road verge), 20 m and 40 m into the disturbance corridor, and at 100 m in undisturbed habitat (the control). Although total numbers of shrubs per transect did not vary significantly with distance from the verge, canopy cover of shrubs, species richness, and species diversity were higher in the control than at the verge and other distances. Canopy cover of common shrubs (Ericameria nauseosa, Ambrosia salsola, A. dumosa, L. tridentata, Grayia spinosa) and perennial grasses (Elymus elymoides, Poa secunda) also varied significantly by location. Discriminant analysis clearly separated the four distances based on plant composition. Patterns of recovery were bidirectional: secondary succession from the control into the disturbance corridor and inhibition from the verge in the direction of the control. Time estimated for species composition to resemble the control is dependent on location within the disturbance corridor and could be centuries at the road verge. Our findings have applications to other deserts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.03.004","usgsCitation":"Berry, K.H., Weigand, J.F., Gowan, T.A., and Mack, J.S., 2015, Bidirectional recovery patterns of Mojave Desert vegetation in an aqueduct pipeline corridor after 36 years: I. Perennial shrubs and grasses: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 124, p. 413-425, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.03.004.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"413","endPage":"425","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024999","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.03.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307720,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Los Angeles aqueduct, Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.88305664062499,\n 33.47727218776036\n ],\n [\n -118.88305664062499,\n 34.49750272138159\n ],\n [\n -117.158203125,\n 34.49750272138159\n ],\n [\n -117.158203125,\n 33.47727218776036\n ],\n [\n -118.88305664062499,\n 33.47727218776036\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"124","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e57aabe4b05561fa208681","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.03.004","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.03.004","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Berry Kristin H., Weigand James F., Gowan Timothy A., Mack Jeremy S.","journalName":"Journal of Arid Environments","publicationDate":"1/2016","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weigand, James F.","contributorId":145871,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weigand","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":16275,"text":"BLM, Sacramento, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gowan, Timothy A.","contributorId":138595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gowan","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12456,"text":"former USGS scientist","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mack, Jeremy S. jmack@usgs.gov","contributorId":3851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Jeremy","email":"jmack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70184222,"text":"70184222 - 2015 - Lapland longspur mortality at an oil well drilling rig site, Laramie County, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:50:20","indexId":"70184222","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lapland longspur mortality at an oil well drilling rig site, Laramie County, Wyoming","docAbstract":"Two hundred fifty-one Lapland longspur (Calcarius lapponicus) carcasses were recovered around an oil well drilling rig in Laramie County, Wyoming, USA, on December 13–14, 2010, apparent victims of a winter storm and “light entrapment” from the lights on the drilling rig during foggy conditions. We found Lapland longspur carcasses distributed around the drilling rig from 33 m to 171 m. Investigators did not find evidence of bird carcasses on the drilling rig deck or equipment immediately adjacent to the drilling rig. We ruled out chemical toxins and disease as a cause of mortality. Weather conditions, the circular depositional pattern of carcasses around the drilling rig, and bird necropsy results led investigators to conclude that the Lapland longspur mortality was the result of the migrating birds entering the area illuminated by the drilling rig lights in freezing fog and the birds repeatedly circling the drilling rig until they fell to the ground in exhaustion and dying from subsequent trauma. Further research is needed to understand how to most effectively adjust lighting of onshore drilling rigs to reduce the potential for avian light entrapment. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.495","usgsCitation":"Ramirez, P., Dickerson, K.K., Lindstrom, J., Meteyer, C.U., and Darrah, S., 2015, Lapland longspur mortality at an oil well drilling rig site, Laramie County, Wyoming: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 39, no. 1, p. 165-168, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.495.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"165","endPage":"168","ipdsId":"IP-055019","costCenters":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/071370fc3a124551bf09a5d0d8df6720","text":"External Repository"},{"id":336866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Laramie County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-104.6506,41.651],[-104.6491,41.5656],[-104.0521,41.5654],[-104.052,41.3949],[-104.0526,41.0236],[-104.0528,41.0017],[-104.1399,41.0019],[-104.4725,41.0027],[-104.4875,41.0027],[-104.5606,41.0028],[-104.5679,41.0028],[-104.6087,41.0046],[-104.6134,41.0048],[-104.6337,41.0056],[-104.6648,41.0047],[-104.6837,41.0041],[-104.7013,41.0035],[-104.83,40.9996],[-104.8341,40.9996],[-104.9385,40.9995],[-104.9425,40.9995],[-105.1109,40.9993],[-105.2763,40.9998],[-105.2774,41.6567],[-105.1706,41.6535],[-105.0575,41.6537],[-104.9419,41.6537],[-104.6506,41.651]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Laramie\",\"state\":\"WY\"}}]}","volume":"39","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833de4b014cc3a3a9a01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramirez, Pedro Jr.","contributorId":99575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramirez","given":"Pedro","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dickerson, Kimberly K.","contributorId":51824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickerson","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindstrom, Jim","contributorId":187538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindstrom","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meteyer, Carol U. 0000-0002-4007-3410 cmeteyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-3410","contributorId":111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meteyer","given":"Carol","email":"cmeteyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":680609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Darrah, Scott","contributorId":187539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Darrah","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70192863,"text":"70192863 - 2015 - Reservoir area of influence and implications for fisheries management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T11:34:50","indexId":"70192863","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reservoir area of influence and implications for fisheries management","docAbstract":"Understanding the spatial area that a reservoir draws anglers from, defined as the reservoir's area of influence, and the potential overlap of that area of influence between reservoirs is important for fishery managers. Our objective was to define the area of influence for reservoirs of the Salt Valley regional fishery in southeastern Nebraska using kernel density estimation. We used angler survey data obtained from in-person interviews at 17 reservoirs during 2009–2012. The area of influence, defined by the 95% kernel density, for reservoirs within the Salt Valley regional fishery varied, indicating that anglers use reservoirs differently across the regional fishery. Areas of influence reveal angler preferences in a regional context, indicating preferred reservoirs with a greater area of influence. Further, differences in areas of influences across time and among reservoirs can be used as an assessment following management changes on an individual reservoir or within a regional fishery. Kernel density estimation provided a clear method for creating spatial maps of areas of influence and provided a two-dimensional view of angler travel, as opposed to the traditional mean travel distance assessment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2014.975299","usgsCitation":"Martin, D., Chizinski, C.J., and Pope, K.L., 2015, Reservoir area of influence and implications for fisheries management: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 2, p. 185-190, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2014.975299.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"190","ipdsId":"IP-053254","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348433,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.04635620117188,\n 40.561807971278185\n ],\n [\n -96.54510498046875,\n 40.561807971278185\n ],\n [\n -96.54510498046875,\n 41.19932314127607\n ],\n [\n -97.04635620117188,\n 41.19932314127607\n ],\n [\n -97.04635620117188,\n 40.561807971278185\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a0425c3e4b0dc0b45b4540d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Dustin R.","contributorId":43482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Dustin R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chizinski, Christopher J.","contributorId":7178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chizinski","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159362,"text":"70159362 - 2015 - Behavioral responses of freshwater mussels to experimental dewatering","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T15:52:22","indexId":"70159362","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavioral responses of freshwater mussels to experimental dewatering","docAbstract":"Understanding the effects of flow alteration on freshwater ecosystems is critical for predicting species responses and restoring appropriate flow regimes. We experimentally evaluated the effects of 3 dewatering rates on behavior of 6 freshwater mussel species in the context of water-removal rates observed in 21 Atlantic Coast rivers. Horizontal movement differed significantly among species and dewatering rates, but a significant species × dewatering interaction suggested that these factors influence movement in complex ways. Species differences in movement were evident only in controls and under slow dewatering rates, but these differences disappeared at moderate and fast dewatering rates. Burrowing behavior did not differ with respect to species identity or dewatering rate. The proportion of individuals that became stranded did not differ among species, but most individuals became stranded under low and moderate dewatering, and all individuals became stranded under fast dewatering. Mortality after stranding differed strongly among species along a gradient from 25% inPyganodon cataracta to 92% in Alasmidonta marginata. Together, these results suggest that species behavior may differ under gradual dewatering, but all species in our study are poorly adapted for rapid dewatering. Most of the 21 rivers we assessed experienced dewatering events comparable to our moderate rate, and several experienced events comparable to our fast rate. Dewatering events that exceed the movement or survival capability of most mussel species can be expected to result in assemblage-wide impacts. Consequently, the rate of water level change may be important in refining target flow conditions for restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Freshwater Science","doi":"10.1086/679446","usgsCitation":"Galbraith, H.S., Blakeslee, C.J., and Lellis, W.A., 2015, Behavioral responses of freshwater mussels to experimental dewatering: Freshwater Science, v. 34, no. 1, p. 42-52, https://doi.org/10.1086/679446.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"52","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060817","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310770,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Lake Nessmuk, North Branch Susquehanna River, Paulins Kill River, Pine Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.266357421875,\n 40.38002840251183\n ],\n [\n -75.35522460937499,\n 40.38002840251183\n ],\n [\n -75.35522460937499,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -79.266357421875,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -79.266357421875,\n 40.38002840251183\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5633432ee4b048076347eeb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galbraith, Heather S. 0000-0003-3704-3517 hgalbraith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3704-3517","contributorId":4519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galbraith","given":"Heather","email":"hgalbraith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blakeslee, Carrie J. 0000-0002-0801-5325 cblakeslee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0801-5325","contributorId":5462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakeslee","given":"Carrie","email":"cblakeslee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lellis, William A. 0000-0001-7806-2904 wlellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7806-2904","contributorId":2369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lellis","given":"William","email":"wlellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}