{"pageNumber":"1273","pageRowStart":"31800","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165309,"records":[{"id":70139727,"text":"70139727 - 2014 - Last interglacial plant macrofossils and climates from Ziegler Reservoir, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-30T16:37:02","indexId":"70139727","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Last interglacial plant macrofossils and climates from Ziegler Reservoir, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"

Ninety plant macrofossil taxa from the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site near Snowmass Village, Colorado, record environmental changes at high elevation (2705 m asl) in the Rocky Mountains during the Last Interglacial Period. Present-day vegetation is aspen forest (Populus tremuloides) intermixed with species of higher (Picea, Abies) and lower (Artemisia, Quercus) elevations. Stratigraphic units 4–13 contain montane forest taxa found near the site today and several species that today generally live at lower elevations within (Abies concolor, Lycopus americanus) and outside Colorado (Najas flexilis). These data suggest near-modern climatic conditions, with slightly warmer summer and winter temperatures. This montane forest period was succeeded by a shorter treeless interval (Unit 14) representing colder and/or drier conditions. In units 15–16, conifer trees reoccur but deciduous and herb taxa are lacking, suggesting a return to warmer conditions, although cooler than during the earlier forest period. Comparison of these inferred paleoclimatic changes with the site's geochronologic framework indicates that the lower interval of sustained warmth correlates with late MIS 6–early 5b (~ 138–94 ka), the cold interval with MIS 5b (~ 94–87 ka), and the uppermost cool assemblages with MIS 5a (~ 87–77 ka).

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.008","usgsCitation":"Strickland, L.E., Baker, R.G., Thompson, R.S., and Miller, D.M., 2014, Last interglacial plant macrofossils and climates from Ziegler Reservoir, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA: Quaternary Research, v. 82, no. 3, p. 553-566, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.008.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"553","endPage":"566","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054428","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Snowmass Village","otherGeospatial":"Ziegler Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.98529243469238,\n 39.19467992738667\n ],\n [\n -106.98529243469238,\n 39.22447414445149\n ],\n [\n -106.94160461425781,\n 39.22447414445149\n ],\n [\n -106.94160461425781,\n 39.19467992738667\n ],\n [\n -106.98529243469238,\n 39.19467992738667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bdfe4b08de9379b3538","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strickland, Laura E. 0000-0002-1958-7273 lstrickland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1958-7273","contributorId":4682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strickland","given":"Laura","email":"lstrickland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Richard G.","contributorId":38042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Robert S. 0000-0001-9287-2954 rthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-2954","contributorId":891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Robert","email":"rthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Dane M.","contributorId":127416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Dane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7098,"text":"University of Wyoming, Department of Botany, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70142263,"text":"70142263 - 2014 - A sub-national scale geospatial analysis of diamond deposit lootability: the case of the Central African Republic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-19T10:35:39","indexId":"70142263","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3873,"text":"The Extractive Industries and Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A sub-national scale geospatial analysis of diamond deposit lootability: the case of the Central African Republic","docAbstract":"

The Central African Republic (CAR), a country with rich diamond deposits and a tumultuous political history, experienced a government takeover by the Seleka rebel coalition in 2013. It is within this context that we developed and implemented a geospatial approach for assessing the lootability of high value-to-weight resource deposits, using the case of diamonds in CAR as an example. According to current definitions of lootability, or the vulnerability of deposits to exploitation, CAR's two major diamond deposits are similarly lootable. However, using this geospatial approach, we demonstrate that the deposits experience differing political geographic, spatial location, and cultural geographic contexts, rendering the eastern deposits more lootable than the western deposits. The patterns identified through this detailed analysis highlight the geographic complexities surrounding the issue of conflict resources and lootability, and speak to the importance of examining these topics at the sub-national scale, rather than relying on national-scale statistics.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2014.07.009","usgsCitation":"Malpeli, K.C., and Chirico, P., 2014, A sub-national scale geospatial analysis of diamond deposit lootability: the case of the Central African Republic: The Extractive Industries and Society, v. 1, no. 2, p. 249-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2014.07.009.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"259","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058408","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Central African Republic","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 14.3701171875,\n 2.174770572211874\n ],\n [\n 14.3701171875,\n 11.027472194117946\n ],\n [\n 27.509765625,\n 11.027472194117946\n ],\n [\n 27.509765625,\n 2.174770572211874\n ],\n [\n 14.3701171875,\n 2.174770572211874\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550bf328e4b02e76d759cdd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malpeli, Katherine C. kmalpeli@usgs.gov","contributorId":4955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malpeli","given":"Katherine","email":"kmalpeli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chirico, Peter G. pchirico@usgs.gov","contributorId":2659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chirico","given":"Peter G.","email":"pchirico@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70135897,"text":"70135897 - 2014 - Prevalence of the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) at Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-19T15:23:04","indexId":"70135897","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prevalence of the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) at Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona, USA","docAbstract":"

Information on disease presence can be of use to natural resource managers, especially in areas supporting threatened and endangered species that occur coincidentally with species that are suspected vectors for disease. Ad hoc reports may be of limited utility (Muths et al. 2009), but a general sense of pathogen presence (or absence) can inform management directed at T&E species, especially in regions where disease is suspected to have caused population declines (Bradley et al. 2002). The Chiricahua Leopard Frog (Lithobates chiricahuensis), a species susceptible to infection by the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Bd) (Bradley et al. 2002), and the non-native, invasive American Bullfrog (L. catesbeianus), a suspected vector for chytridiomycosis (Schloegel et al. 2012, Gervasi et al. 2013), both occur at Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge (BANWR) and surrounding lands in southern Arizona. Efforts to eradicate the bullfrog from BANWR began in 1997 (Suhre, 2010). Eradication from the southern portion of BANWR was successful by 2008 but the bullfrog remains present at the Arivaca Cienega and in areas immediately adjacent to the refuge (Fig. 1). Curtailing the re-invasion of the bullfrog into BANWR will require vigilance as to ensure the health of Chiricahua Leopard Frog populations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Sigafus, B.H., Hossack, B.R., Muths, E.L., and Schwalbe, C.R., 2014, Prevalence of the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) at Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona, USA: Herpetological Review, v. 45, no. 1, p. 41-42.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045618","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296829,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296828,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.zenscientist.com/index.php/filedrawer/func-finishdown/2150/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.52496337890625,\n 31.367708915120826\n ],\n [\n -111.52496337890625,\n 31.828565514766165\n ],\n [\n -111.10061645507812,\n 31.828565514766165\n ],\n [\n -111.10061645507812,\n 31.367708915120826\n ],\n [\n -111.52496337890625,\n 31.367708915120826\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c2ce4b08de9379b3685","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sigafus, Brent H. 0000-0002-7422-8927 bsigafus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-8927","contributorId":4534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sigafus","given":"Brent","email":"bsigafus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132 muthse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":1260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","email":"muthse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwalbe, Cecil R. cschwalbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":3077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwalbe","given":"Cecil","email":"cschwalbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70133599,"text":"70133599 - 2014 - Feeding habits of an endemic fish, Oxygymnocypris stewartii, in the Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-11-18T10:26:37","indexId":"70133599","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feeding habits of an endemic fish, Oxygymnocypris stewartii, in the Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet, China","docAbstract":"

Feeding habits of Oxygymnocypris stewartii were investigated based on monthly sampling in the Yarlung Zangbo River from August 2008 to August 2009. The gut contents of 194 individuals were analysed and quantified with numerical and gravimetric methods. This species can be considered a generalized and opportunistic predator feeding both on teleosts and aquatic insects. A multivariate analysis revealed noticeable variation in O. stewartii diet composition with fish size and season. The smaller specimens fed primarily on Cobitidae and Hydropsychidae. As they grew, Cyprinidae and Chironomidae larvae became important prey. The preferred food items were teleosts in summer and autumn. For winter and spring, the predominant prey switched to chironomidae larvae. Diet composition did not significantly vary between the sexes. Finally, a significant and positive correlation between predator and prey length was found. These findings provide the fundamental information better understanding the role of this important endemic species in the Yarlung Zangbo River food web.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10641-013-0213-8","usgsCitation":"Huo, B., Xie, C.X., Madenjian, C.P., Ma, B.S., Yang, X.F., and Huang, H.P., 2014, Feeding habits of an endemic fish, Oxygymnocypris stewartii, in the Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet, China: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 97, no. 11, p. 1279-1293, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-013-0213-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1279","endPage":"1293","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051541","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296145,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","state":"Tibet","otherGeospatial":"Yarlung Zangbo River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 84.30908203125,\n 27.916766641249065\n ],\n [\n 84.30908203125,\n 30.240086360983426\n ],\n [\n 95.09765625,\n 30.240086360983426\n ],\n [\n 95.09765625,\n 27.916766641249065\n ],\n [\n 84.30908203125,\n 27.916766641249065\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546c760ae4b0f4a3478a6127","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huo, Bin","contributorId":127463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huo","given":"Bin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6955,"text":"College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xie, Cong Xin","contributorId":127464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xie","given":"Cong","email":"","middleInitial":"Xin","affiliations":[{"id":6955,"text":"College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ma, Bao Shan","contributorId":127465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Bao","email":"","middleInitial":"Shan","affiliations":[{"id":6955,"text":"College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yang, Xue Feng","contributorId":127466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Xue","email":"","middleInitial":"Feng","affiliations":[{"id":6955,"text":"College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Huang, Hai Ping","contributorId":127467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Hai","email":"","middleInitial":"Ping","affiliations":[{"id":6955,"text":"College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70136365,"text":"70136365 - 2014 - Effects of distributed and centralized stormwater best management practices and land cover on urban stream hydrology at the catchment scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-30T14:59:09","indexId":"70136365","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of distributed and centralized stormwater best management practices and land cover on urban stream hydrology at the catchment scale","docAbstract":"

Urban stormwater runoff remains an important issue that causes local and regional-scale water quantity and quality issues. Stormwater best management practices (BMPs) have been widely used to mitigate runoff issues, traditionally in a centralized manner; however, problems associated with urban hydrology have remained. An emerging trend is implementation of BMPs in a distributed manner (multi-BMP treatment trains located on the landscape and integrated with urban design), but little catchment-scale performance of these systems have been reported to date. Here, stream hydrologic data (March, 2011–September, 2012) are evaluated in four catchments located in the Chesapeake Bay watershed: one utilizing distributed stormwater BMPs, two utilizing centralized stormwater BMPs, and a forested catchment serving as a reference. Among urban catchments with similar land cover, geology and BMP design standards (i.e. 100-year event), but contrasting placement of stormwater BMPs, distributed BMPs resulted in: significantly greater estimated baseflow, a higher minimum precipitation threshold for stream response and maximum discharge increases, better maximum discharge control for small precipitation events, and reduced runoff volume during an extreme (1000-year) precipitation event compared to centralized BMPs. For all catchments, greater forest land cover and less impervious cover appeared to be more important drivers than stormwater BMP spatial pattern, and caused lower total, stormflow, and baseflow runoff volume; lower maximum discharge during typical precipitation events; and lower runoff volume during an extreme precipitation event. Analysis of hydrologic field data in this study suggests that both the spatial distribution of stormwater BMPs and land cover are important for management of urban stormwater runoff. In particular, catchment-wide application of distributed BMPs improved stream hydrology compared to centralized BMPs, but not enough to fully replicate forested catchment stream hydrology. Integrated planning of stormwater management, protected riparian buffers and forest land cover with suburban development in the distributed-BMP catchment enabled multi-purpose use of land that provided esthetic value and green-space, community gathering points, and wildlife habitat in addition to hydrologic stormwater treatment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.007","usgsCitation":"Loperfido, J.V., Noe, G., Jarnagin, S.T., and Hogan, D.M., 2014, Effects of distributed and centralized stormwater best management practices and land cover on urban stream hydrology at the catchment scale: Journal of Hydrology, v. 519, no. Part C, p. 2584-2595, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.007.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2584","endPage":"2595","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038949","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296947,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"519","issue":"Part C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b89e4b08de9379b33e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loperfido, John V. jloperfido@usgs.gov","contributorId":4324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loperfido","given":"John","email":"jloperfido@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noe, Gregory B. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":2332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jarnagin, S. Taylor","contributorId":131134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarnagin","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Taylor","affiliations":[{"id":7258,"text":"Landscape Ecology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hogan, Dianna M. 0000-0003-1492-4514 dhogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-4514","contributorId":2299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"Dianna","email":"dhogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70141388,"text":"70141388 - 2014 - Factors influencing nest survival and productivity of Red-throated Loons (Gavia stellata) in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-18T15:13:40","indexId":"70141388","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors influencing nest survival and productivity of Red-throated Loons (Gavia stellata) in Alaska","docAbstract":"

Red-throated Loon (Gavia stellata) numbers in Alaska have fluctuated dramatically over the past 3 decades; however, the demographic processes contributing to these population dynamics are poorly understood. To examine spatial and temporal variation in productivity, we estimated breeding parameters at 5 sites in Alaska: at Cape Espenberg and the Copper River Delta we estimated nest survival, and at 3 sites within the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta we estimated nest survival and productivity. Nest survival varied broadly among sites and years; annual estimates (lower, upper 95% confidence interval) ranged from 0.09 (0.03, 0.29) at Cape Espenberg in 2001 to 0.93 (0.76, 0.99) at the Copper River Delta in 2002. Annual variation among sites was not concordant, suggesting that site-scale factors had a strong influence on nest survival. Models of nest survival indicated that visits to monitor nests had a negative effect on nest daily survival probability, which if not accounted for biased nest survival strongly downward. The sensitivity of breeding Red-throated Loons to nest monitoring suggests other sources of disturbance that cause incubating birds to flush from their nests may also reduce nest survival. Nest daily survival probability at the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta was negatively associated with an annual index of fox occurrence. Survival through the incubation and chick-rearing periods on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta ranged from 0.09 (0.001, 0.493) to 0.50 (0.04, 0.77). Daily survival probability during the chick-rearing period was lower for chicks that had a sibling in 2 of 3 years, consistent with the hypothesis that food availability was limited. Estimates of annual productivity on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta ranged from 0.17 to 1.0 chicks per pair. Productivity was not sufficient to maintain population stability in 2 of 3 years, indicating that nest depredation by foxes and poor foraging conditions during chick rearing can have important effects on productivity.

","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-14-25.1","usgsCitation":"Rizzolo, D., Schmutz, J.A., McCloskey, S., and Fondell, T., 2014, Factors influencing nest survival and productivity of Red-throated Loons (Gavia stellata) in Alaska: The Condor, v. 116, no. 4, p. 574-587, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-14-25.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"574","endPage":"587","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054060","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-14-25.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":298042,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cape Espenberg, Copper River Delta, Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -163.9434814453125,\n 66.53733030908982\n ],\n [\n -163.9434814453125,\n 66.60612896127468\n ],\n [\n -163.5699462890625,\n 66.60612896127468\n ],\n [\n -163.5699462890625,\n 66.53733030908982\n ],\n [\n -163.9434814453125,\n 66.53733030908982\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -165.72601318359372,\n 60.81010189680678\n ],\n [\n -165.72601318359372,\n 61.346712530035774\n ],\n [\n -164.871826171875,\n 61.346712530035774\n ],\n [\n -164.871826171875,\n 60.81010189680678\n ],\n [\n -165.72601318359372,\n 60.81010189680678\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -145.53176879882812,\n 60.354130331374286\n ],\n [\n -145.53176879882812,\n 60.43621988470893\n ],\n [\n -145.272216796875,\n 60.43621988470893\n ],\n [\n -145.272216796875,\n 60.354130331374286\n ],\n [\n -145.53176879882812,\n 60.354130331374286\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"116","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54e5c5c1e4b02d776a669ebb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rizzolo, Daniel drizzolo@usgs.gov","contributorId":5631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rizzolo","given":"Daniel","email":"drizzolo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCloskey, Sarah E. smccloskey@usgs.gov","contributorId":4850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCloskey","given":"Sarah E.","email":"smccloskey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fondell, Thomas F. tfondell@usgs.gov","contributorId":139310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fondell","given":"Thomas F.","email":"tfondell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70120714,"text":"70120714 - 2014 - Holocene earthquakes and right-lateral slip on the left-lateral Darrington-Devils Mountain fault zone, northern Puget Sound, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-26T13:33:58","indexId":"70120714","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene earthquakes and right-lateral slip on the left-lateral Darrington-Devils Mountain fault zone, northern Puget Sound, Washington","docAbstract":"

Sources of seismic hazard in the Puget Sound region of northwestern Washington include deep earthquakes associated with the Cascadia subduction zone, and shallow earthquakes associated with some of the numerous crustal (upper-plate) faults that crisscross the region. Our paleoseismic investigations on one of the more prominent crustal faults, the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone, included trenching of fault scarps developed on latest Pleistocene glacial sediments and analysis of cores from an adjacent wetland near Lake Creek, 14 km southeast of Mount Vernon, Washington. Trench excavations revealed evidence of a single earthquake, radiocarbon dated to ca. 2 ka, but extensive burrowing and root mixing of sediments within 50–100 cm of the ground surface may have destroyed evidence of other earthquakes. Cores in a small wetland adjacent to our trench site provided stratigraphic evidence (formation of a laterally extensive, prograding wedge of hillslope colluvium) of an earthquake ca. 2 ka, which we interpret to be the same earthquake documented in the trenches. A similar colluvial wedge lower in the wetland section provides possible evidence for a second earthquake dated to ca. 8 ka. Three-dimensional trenching techniques revealed evidence for 2.2 ± 1.1 m of right-lateral offset of a glacial outwash channel margin, and 45–70 cm of north-side-up vertical separation across the fault zone. These offsets indicate a net slip vector of 2.3 ± 1.1 m, plunging 14° west on a 286°-striking, 90°-dipping fault plane. The dominant right-lateral sense of slip is supported by the presence of numerous Riedel R shears preserved in two of our trenches, and probable right-lateral offset of a distinctive bedrock fault zone in a third trench. Holocene north-side-up, right-lateral oblique slip is opposite the south-side-up, left-lateral oblique sense of slip inferred from geologic mapping of Eocene and older rocks along the fault zone. The cause of this slip reversal is unknown but may be related to clockwise rotation of the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone into a position more favorable to right-lateral slip in the modern N-S compressional stress field.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01067.1","usgsCitation":"Personius, S.F., Briggs, R.W., Nelson, A.R., Schermer, E.R., Maharrey, J.Z., Sherrod, B.L., Spaulding, S.A., and Bradley, L., 2014, Holocene earthquakes and right-lateral slip on the left-lateral Darrington-Devils Mountain fault zone, northern Puget Sound, Washington: Geosphere, v. 10, no. 6, p. 1482-1500, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01067.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1482","endPage":"1500","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059226","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01067.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297530,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.46435546875,\n 48.93693495409401\n ],\n [\n -122.10205078125,\n 48.90805939965008\n ],\n [\n -122.14599609375001,\n 47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -123.02490234375,\n 47.2195681123155\n ],\n [\n -123.46435546875,\n 48.93693495409401\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bc6e4b08de9379b34c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Personius, Stephen F. personius@usgs.gov","contributorId":1214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"Stephen","email":"personius@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":4136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schermer, Elizabeth R","contributorId":115146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schermer","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Maharrey, J. Zebulon","contributorId":116234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maharrey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Zebulon","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sherrod, Brian L. 0000-0002-4492-8631 bsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-8631","contributorId":2834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"Brian","email":"bsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Spaulding, Sarah A. 0000-0002-9787-7743 sspaulding@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9787-7743","contributorId":1157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spaulding","given":"Sarah","email":"sspaulding@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bradley, Lee-Ann bradley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Lee-Ann","email":"bradley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70192918,"text":"70192918 - 2014 - Demographics of piscivorous colonial waterbirds and management implications for ESA-listed salmonids on the Columbia Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-07T13:40:38","indexId":"70192918","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographics of piscivorous colonial waterbirds and management implications for ESA-listed salmonids on the Columbia Plateau","docAbstract":"

We investigated colony size, productivity, and limiting factors for five piscivorous waterbird species nesting at 18 locations on the Columbia Plateau (Washington) during 2004–2010 with emphasis on species with a history of salmonid (Oncorhynchus spp.) depredation. Numbers of nesting Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) and double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) were stable at about 700–1,000 breeding pairs at five colonies and about 1,200–1,500 breeding pairs at four colonies, respectively. Numbers of American white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) increased at Badger Island, the sole breeding colony for the species on the Columbia Plateau, from about 900 individuals in 2007 to over 2,000 individuals in 2010. Overall numbers of breeding California gulls (Larus californicus) and ring-billed gulls (L. delawarensis) declined during the study, mostly because of the abandonment of a large colony in the mid-Columbia River. Three gull colonies below the confluence of the Snake and Columbia rivers increased substantially, however. Factors that may limit colony size and productivity for piscivorous waterbirds nesting on the Columbia Plateau included availability of suitable nesting habitat, interspecific competition for nest sites, predation, gull kleptoparasitism, food availability, and human disturbance. Based on observed population trends alone, there is little reason to project increased impacts to juvenile salmonid survival from tern and cormorant populations. Additional monitoring and evaluation may be warranted to assess future impacts of the growing Badger Island American white pelican colony and those gull colonies located near mainstem dams or associated with Caspian tern colonies where kleptoparasitism is common.

","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","doi":"10.3955/046.088.0408","usgsCitation":"Adkins, J.Y., Lyons, D., Loschl, P.J., Roby, D.D., Collis, K., Evans, A.F., and Hostetter, N.J., 2014, Demographics of piscivorous colonial waterbirds and management implications for ESA-listed salmonids on the Columbia Plateau: Northwest Science, v. 88, no. 4, p. 344-359, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.088.0408.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"344","endPage":"359","ipdsId":"IP-043990","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348390,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Columbia Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.31103515625,\n 45.336701909968134\n ],\n [\n -116.91650390625,\n 45.336701909968134\n ],\n [\n -116.91650390625,\n 48.122101028190805\n ],\n [\n -121.31103515625,\n 48.122101028190805\n ],\n [\n -121.31103515625,\n 45.336701909968134\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ecf5e4b09af898c8cd38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adkins, Jessica Y.","contributorId":171820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adkins","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyons, Donald E.","contributorId":20119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"Donald E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loschl, Peter J.","contributorId":7195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loschl","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992 droby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":3702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel","email":"droby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Collis, Ken","contributorId":149991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collis","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17879,"text":"Real Time Research, Inc., 231 SW Scalehouse Loop, Suite 101, Bend, OR 97702","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Evans, Allen F.","contributorId":171691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hostetter, Nathan J.","contributorId":171690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hostetter","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70189369,"text":"70189369 - 2014 - Towards understanding the puzzling lack of acid geothermal springs in Tibet (China): Insight from a comparison with Yellowstone (USA) and some active volcanic hydrothermal systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T19:28:34","indexId":"70189369","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Towards understanding the puzzling lack of acid geothermal springs in Tibet (China): Insight from a comparison with Yellowstone (USA) and some active volcanic hydrothermal systems","docAbstract":"

Explanations for the lack of acid geothermal springs in Tibet are inferred from a comprehensive hydrochemical comparison of Tibetan geothermal waters with those discharged from Yellowstone (USA) and two active volcanic areas, Nevado del Ruiz (Colombia) and Miravalles (Costa Rica) where acid springs are widely distributed and diversified in terms of geochemical characteristic and origin. For the hydrothermal areas investigated in this study, there appears to be a relationship between the depths of magma chambers and the occurrence of acid, chloride-rich springs formed via direct magmatic fluid absorption. Nevado del Ruiz and Miravalles with magma at or very close to the surface (less than 1–2 km) exhibit very acidic waters containing HCl and H2SO4. In contrast, the Tibetan hydrothermal systems, represented by Yangbajain, usually have fairly deep-seated magma chambers so that the released acid fluids are much more likely to be fully neutralized during transport to the surface. The absence of steam-heated acid waters in Tibet, however, may be primarily due to the lack of a confining layer (like young impermeable lavas at Yellowstone) to separate geothermal steam from underlying neutral chloride waters and the possible scenario that the deep geothermal fluids below Tibet carry less H2S than those below Yellowstone.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.10.005","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., Guo, Q., and McCleskey, R.B., 2014, Towards understanding the puzzling lack of acid geothermal springs in Tibet (China): Insight from a comparison with Yellowstone (USA) and some active volcanic hydrothermal systems: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 288, p. 94-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.10.005.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"94","endPage":"104","ipdsId":"IP-055718","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343621,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China, United States","otherGeospatial":"Tibet, Yellowstone National Park","volume":"288","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5965b625e4b0d1f9f05b3848","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guo, Qinghai","contributorId":194511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guo","given":"Qinghai","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70191714,"text":"70191714 - 2014 - A cross comparison of spatiotemporally enhanced springtime phenological measurements from satellites and ground in a northern U.S. mixed forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T17:06:40","indexId":"70191714","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A cross comparison of spatiotemporally enhanced springtime phenological measurements from satellites and ground in a northern U.S. mixed forest","docAbstract":"

Cross comparison of satellite-derived land surface phenology (LSP) and ground measurements is useful to ensure the relevance of detected seasonal vegetation change to the underlying biophysical processes. While standard 16-day and 250-m Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) vegetation index (VI)-based springtime LSP has been evaluated in previous studies, it remains unclear whether LSP with enhanced temporal and spatial resolutions can capture additional details of ground phenology. In this paper, we compared LSP derived from 500-m daily MODIS and 30-m MODIS-Landsat fused VI data with landscape phenology (LP) in a northern U.S. mixed forest. LP was previously developed from intensively observed deciduous and coniferous tree phenology using an upscaling approach. Results showed that daily MODIS-based LSP consistently estimated greenup onset dates at the study area (625 m × 625 m) level with 4.48 days of mean absolute error (MAE), slightly better than that of using 16-day standard VI (4.63 days MAE). For the observed study areas, the time series with increased number of observations confirmed that post-bud burst deciduous tree phenology contributes the most to vegetation reflectance change. Moreover, fused VI time series demonstrated closer correspondences with LP at the community level (0.1-20 ha) than using MODIS alone at the study area level (390 ha). The fused LSP captured greenup onset dates for respective forest communities of varied sizes and compositions with four days of the overall MAE. This study supports further use of spatiotemporally enhanced LSP for more precise phenological monitoring.

","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2014.2313558","usgsCitation":"Li, L., Schwartz, M., Wang, Z., Gao, F., Schaaf, C.B., Bin Tan, Morisette, J.T., and Zhang, X., 2014, A cross comparison of spatiotemporally enhanced springtime phenological measurements from satellites and ground in a northern U.S. mixed forest: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 52, no. 12, p. 7513-7526, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2014.2313558.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"7513","endPage":"7526","ipdsId":"IP-053376","costCenters":[{"id":477,"text":"North Central Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348521,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Chequamegon–Nicolet National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.35362243652344,\n 45.83501885571072\n ],\n [\n -90.10711669921875,\n 45.83501885571072\n ],\n [\n -90.10711669921875,\n 45.98217232489232\n ],\n [\n -90.35362243652344,\n 45.98217232489232\n ],\n [\n -90.35362243652344,\n 45.83501885571072\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a0425c6e4b0dc0b45b4541e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Li 0000-0002-1641-3710","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1641-3710","contributorId":197290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Li","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwartz, Mark D.","contributorId":11092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Mark D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Zhuosen","contributorId":197296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Zhuosen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gao, Feng 0000-0002-1865-2846","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1865-2846","contributorId":70671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gao","given":"Feng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":713154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schaaf, Crystal B.","contributorId":149538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schaaf","given":"Crystal","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bin Tan","contributorId":197299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bin Tan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Morisette, Jeffrey T. 0000-0002-0483-0082 morisettej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0483-0082","contributorId":307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morisette","given":"Jeffrey","email":"morisettej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":477,"text":"North Central Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zhang, Xiaoyang","contributorId":197726,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Xiaoyang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70150320,"text":"70150320 - 2014 - Predicting probability of occurrence and factors affecting distribution and abundance of three Ozark endemic crayfish species at multiple spatial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T13:04:04","indexId":"70150320","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting probability of occurrence and factors affecting distribution and abundance of three Ozark endemic crayfish species at multiple spatial scales","docAbstract":"
    \n
  1. Crayfishes and other freshwater aquatic fauna are particularly at risk globally due to anthropogenic demand, manipulation and exploitation of freshwater resources and yet are often understudied. The Ozark faunal region of Missouri and Arkansas harbours a high level of aquatic biological diversity, especially in regard to endemic crayfishes. Three such endemics, Orconectes eupunctus,Orconectes marchandi and Cambarus hubbsi, are threatened by limited natural distribution and the invasions of Orconectes neglectus.
    2. \n
  2. We examined how natural and anthropogenic abiotic factors influence these three species across multiple spatial scales. Local and landscape environmental variables were used as predictors in classification and regression tree models at stream segment and segmentshed scales to determine their relation to presence/absence and density of the three species.
    3. \n
  3. Orconectes eupunctus presence was positively associated with stream size, current velocity and spring flow volume. Orconectes marchandi presence was predicted primarily by dolomite geology and water chemistry variables. Cambarus hubbsi was associated with larger stream size, with highest densities occurring in deep waters. Stream segment and segmentshed scale models were similar, but there were important differences based on species and response variables (presence/absence versus density). Stream segment scale models consistently performed better than or equal to segmentshed scale models.
    4. \n
  4. Anthropogenic abiotic environmental variables were of minor importance in most models, with the exception of O. marchandi being negatively related to road density and human population density. Classification tree models predicting distribution performed well when compared to random assignment, but regression trees were generally poor in explaining variation in density.
    5. \n
  5. We found that a range of environmental variables were important in predicting crayfish distribution and abundance at multiple spatial scales and their importance was species-, response variable- and scale dependent. We would encourage others to examine the influence of spatial scale on species distribution and abundance patterns.
    6. \n
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fwb.12442","usgsCitation":"Nolen, M., Magoulick, D.D., DiStefano, R., Imhoff, E., and Wagner, B., 2014, Predicting probability of occurrence and factors affecting distribution and abundance of three Ozark endemic crayfish species at multiple spatial scales: Freshwater Biology, v. 59, no. 11, p. 2374-2389, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12442.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2374","endPage":"2389","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055875","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305539,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Eleven Point River, Spring River, Strawberry River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.08740234375,\n 35.62158189955968\n ],\n [\n -92.08740234375,\n 36.50963615733049\n ],\n [\n -91.01074218749999,\n 36.50963615733049\n ],\n [\n -91.01074218749999,\n 35.62158189955968\n ],\n [\n -92.08740234375,\n 35.62158189955968\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55950f36e4b0b6d21dd6cbff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nolen, Matthew S.","contributorId":145443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nolen","given":"Matthew S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magoulick, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9665-5957 danmag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-5957","contributorId":2513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoulick","given":"Daniel","email":"danmag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DiStefano, Robert J.","contributorId":28132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiStefano","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Imhoff, Emily M.","contributorId":145444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Imhoff","given":"Emily M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wagner, Brian K.","contributorId":145445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"Brian K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70146007,"text":"70146007 - 2014 - Efficacy of plastic mesh tubes in reducing herbivory damage by the invasive nutria (Myocastor coypus) in an urban restoration site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-07T17:02:29","indexId":"70146007","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficacy of plastic mesh tubes in reducing herbivory damage by the invasive nutria (Myocastor coypus) in an urban restoration site","docAbstract":"

The restoration of stream corridors is becoming an increasingly important component of urban landscape planning, and the high cost of these projects necessitates the need to understand and address potential ecological obstacles to project success. The nutria(Myocastor coypus) is an invasive, semi-aquatic rodent native to South America that causes detrimental ecological impacts in riparian and wetland habitats throughout its introduced range, and techniques are needed to reduce nutria herbivory damage to urban stream restoration projects. We assessed the efficacy of standard Vexar® plastic mesh tubes in reducing nutria herbivory damage to newly established woody plants. The study was conducted in winter-spring 2009 at Delta Ponds, a 60-ha urban waterway in Eugene, Oregon. Woody plants protected by Vexar® tubes demonstrated 100% survival over the 3-month initial establishment period, while only 17% of unprotected plantings survived. Nutria demonstrated a preference for black cottonwood (Populus balsamifera ssp trichocarpa) over red osier dogwood (Cornussericea) and willow (Salix spp). Camera surveillance showed that nutria were more active in unprotected rather than protected treatments. Our results suggest that Vexar® plastic mesh tubing can be an effective short-term herbivory mitigation tool when habitat use by nutria is low. Additionally, planting functionally equivalent woody plant species that are less preferred by nutria, and other herbivores, may be another method for reducing herbivory and improving revegetation success. This study highlights the need to address potential wildlife damage conflicts in the planning process for stream restoration in urban landscapes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","doi":"10.3955/046.088.0403","usgsCitation":"Sheffels, T.R., Systma, M.D., Carter, J., and Taylor, J.D., 2014, Efficacy of plastic mesh tubes in reducing herbivory damage by the invasive nutria (Myocastor coypus) in an urban restoration site: Northwest Science, v. 88, no. 4, p. 269-279, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.088.0403.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"279","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046381","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Eugene","otherGeospatial":"Delta Ponds","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.11124801635741,\n 44.07562367724454\n ],\n [\n -123.11124801635741,\n 44.080510242951746\n ],\n [\n -123.1089949607849,\n 44.080510242951746\n ],\n [\n -123.1089949607849,\n 44.07562367724454\n ],\n [\n -123.11124801635741,\n 44.07562367724454\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5528f42ee4b026915857cb10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheffels, Trevor R.","contributorId":140176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheffels","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Systma, Mark D.","contributorId":140177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Systma","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13401,"text":"Portland State University, Portland Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, Jacoby 0000-0003-0110-0284 carterj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-0284","contributorId":2399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Jacoby","email":"carterj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taylor, Jimmy D.","contributorId":140178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Jimmy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13402,"text":"USDA APHIS Wildlife Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70139387,"text":"70139387 - 2014 - A legacy of divergent fishery management regimes and the resilience of rainbow and cutthroat trout populations in Lake Crescent, Olympic National Park, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-19T11:50:01","indexId":"70139387","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A legacy of divergent fishery management regimes and the resilience of rainbow and cutthroat trout populations in Lake Crescent, Olympic National Park, Washington","docAbstract":"

As a means to increase visitation, early fisheries management in the National Park Service (NPS) promoted sport harvest and hatchery supplementation. Today, NPS management objectives focus on the preservation of native fish. We summarized management regimes of Olympic National Park's Lake Crescent, which included decades of liberal sport harvest and hatchery releases of 14.3 million salmonids. Notably, nonnative species failed to persist in the lake. Complementary analyses of annual redd counts (1989–2012) and genetics data delineated three sympatric trout (one rainbow; two cutthroat) populations that exhibited distinct spatial and temporal spawning patterns, variable emergence timings, and genetic distinctiveness. Allacustrine rainbow trout spawned in the lake outlet from January to May. Cutthroat trout spawned in the major inlet tributary (Barnes Creek) from February to June and in the outlet river (Lyre) from September to March, an unusual timing for coastal cutthroat trout. Redd counts for each species were initially low (rainbow = mean 89; range 37–159; cutthroat = mean 93; range 18–180), and significantly increased for rainbow trout (mean 306; range 254–352) after implementation of catch-and-release regulations. Rainbow and cutthroat trout reached maximum sizes of 10.4 kg and 5.4 kg, respectively, and are among the largest throughout their native ranges. Morphometric analyses revealed interspecific differences but no intraspecific differences between the two cutthroat populations. Genetic analyses identified three distinct populations and low levels (9–17%) of interspecific hybridization. Lake Crescent rainbow trout were genetically divergent from 24 nearby Oncorhynchus mykiss populations, and represented a unique evolutionary legacy worthy of protection. The indigenous and geographically isolated Lake Crescent trout populations were resilient to overharvest and potential interactions with introduced fish species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","publisherLocation":"Cheney, WA","doi":"10.3955/046.088.0404","usgsCitation":"Brenkman, S.J., Duda, J., Kennedy, P.R., and Baker, B.M., 2014, A legacy of divergent fishery management regimes and the resilience of rainbow and cutthroat trout populations in Lake Crescent, Olympic National Park, Washington: Northwest Science, v. 88, no. 4, p. 280-304, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.088.0404.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"280","endPage":"304","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046220","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Crescent, Olympic National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.93264770507812,\n 48.00646264573117\n ],\n [\n -123.93264770507812,\n 48.167917284047974\n ],\n [\n -123.43963623046874,\n 48.167917284047974\n ],\n [\n -123.43963623046874,\n 48.00646264573117\n ],\n [\n -123.93264770507812,\n 48.00646264573117\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b1ae4b08de9379b3244","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brenkman, Samuel J.","contributorId":138941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brenkman","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12587,"text":"Olympic National Park, Port Angeles, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-7431-8634 jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":3323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey J.","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennedy, Philip R.","contributorId":63703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12587,"text":"Olympic National Park, Port Angeles, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baker, Bruce M. bakerb@usgs.gov","contributorId":138951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Bruce","email":"bakerb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12438,"text":"Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70156364,"text":"70156364 - 2014 - A systematic approach towards the identification and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T10:42:44","indexId":"70156364","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3916,"text":"Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A systematic approach towards the identification and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems","docAbstract":"

The United Nations General Assembly in 2006 and 2009 adopted resolutions that call for the identification and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs) from significant adverse impacts of bottom fishing. While general criteria have been produced, there are no guidelines or protocols that elaborate on the process from initial identification through to the protection of VMEs. Here, based upon an expert review of existing practices, a 10-step framework is proposed: (1) Comparatively assess potential VME indicator taxa and habitats in a region; (2) determine VME thresholds; (3) consider areas already known for their ecological importance; (4) compile information on the distributions of likely VME taxa and habitats, as well as related environmental data; (5) develop predictive distribution models for VME indicator taxa and habitats; (6) compile known or likely fishing impacts; (7) produce a predicted VME naturalness distribution (areas of low cumulative impacts); (8) identify areas of higher value to user groups; (9) conduct management strategy evaluations to produce trade-off scenarios; (10) review and re-iterate, until spatial management scenarios are developed that fulfil international obligations and regional conservation and management objectives. To date, regional progress has been piecemeal and incremental. The proposed 10-step framework combines these various experiences into a systematic approach.

","language":"English","publisher":"ScienceDirect","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2013.11.017","usgsCitation":"Ardron, J.A., Clark, M.R., Penney, A.J., Hourigan, T.F., Rowden, A.A., Dunstan, P.K., Watling, L., Shank, T., Tracey, D.M., Dunn, M.R., and Parker, S.J., 2014, A systematic approach towards the identification and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems: Marine Science, v. 49, p. 146-154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2013.11.017.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"154","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":472672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/6371","text":"External Repository"},{"id":308183,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92ade4b05d6c4e501a48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ardron, Jeff A.","contributorId":146751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ardron","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Malcolm R.","contributorId":146752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"Malcolm","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Penney, Andrew J.","contributorId":146753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Penney","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hourigan, Thomas F.","contributorId":146754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hourigan","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rowden, Ashley A.","contributorId":146755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rowden","given":"Ashley","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dunstan, Piers K.","contributorId":146756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunstan","given":"Piers","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Watling, Les","contributorId":54755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watling","given":"Les","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16143,"text":"University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Shank, Timothy M.","contributorId":100722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shank","given":"Timothy M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tracey, Di M.","contributorId":146757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tracey","given":"Di","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Dunn, Matthew R.","contributorId":146758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunn","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Parker, Steven J.","contributorId":68904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70159892,"text":"70159892 - 2014 - Evaluating the long-term management of introduced ungulates to protect the palila, an endangered bird, and its criticial habitat in subalpine forest of Mauna Kea, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:53:12","indexId":"70159892","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the long-term management of introduced ungulates to protect the palila, an endangered bird, and its criticial habitat in subalpine forest of Mauna Kea, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"

Under the multiple-use paradigm, conflicts may arise when protection of an endangered species must compete with other management objectives. To resolve such a conflict in the Critical Habitat of the endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper, palila (Loxioides bailleui), federal courts ordered the eradication of introduced ungulates responsible for damaging the māmane (Sophora chrysophylla) forest on which palila depend. During 1980–2011, a total of 18,130 sheep (Ovis aries and O. gmelini musimon) and 310 goats (Capra hircus) were removed from Palila Critical Habitat (PCH) primarily by public hunters (54%) and secondarily by aerial shooting. Nevertheless, our analysis indicates that ungulates have increased over time. Palila numbers have declined sharply since 2003 due to long-term habitat degradation by ungulates and drought. Although culling ungulate populations has allowed some habitat improvement, their complete removal is necessary for palila to recover, especially given the potential for continued drought. Introduced predators are being controlled to reduce palila mortality, māmane and other native trees are being planted to restore some areas, and fencing is being constructed to prevent ungulate immigration. Funds are recently available for more effective eradication efforts, which are urgently needed to eliminate browsing damage in PCH and protect the palila from extinction.

","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research","doi":"10.1657/1938-4246-46.4.871","usgsCitation":"Banko, P.C., Hess, S., Scowcroft, P.G., Farmer, C., Jacobi, J.D., Stephens, R.M., Camp, R.J., Leonard, D.L., Brinck, K., Juvik, J., and Juvik, S.P., 2014, Evaluating the long-term management of introduced ungulates to protect the palila, an endangered bird, and its criticial habitat in subalpine forest of Mauna Kea, Hawai'i: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 46, no. 4, p. 871-889, https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-46.4.871.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"871","endPage":"889","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045127","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-46.4.871","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Mauna Kea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.64056396484375,\n 19.720171331772967\n ],\n [\n -155.64056396484375,\n 19.936559838204793\n ],\n [\n -155.3638458251953,\n 19.936559838204793\n ],\n [\n -155.3638458251953,\n 19.720171331772967\n ],\n [\n -155.64056396484375,\n 19.720171331772967\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566175cbe4b06a3ea36c56a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banko, Paul C. 0000-0002-6035-9803 pbanko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-9803","contributorId":3179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"Paul","email":"pbanko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, Steven C. shess@usgs.gov","contributorId":150178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steven C.","email":"shess@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scowcroft, Paul G.","contributorId":150181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scowcroft","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":17931,"text":"US Forest Service, pscowcroft@fs.fed.us","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farmer, Chris cfarmer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"Chris","email":"cfarmer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":580919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jacobi, James D. 0000-0003-2313-7862 jjacobi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2313-7862","contributorId":3705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobi","given":"James","email":"jjacobi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stephens, Robert M.","contributorId":150182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stephens","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17932,"text":"PCSU, robertms@hawaii.edu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Camp, Richard J. 0000-0001-7008-923X rick_camp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-923X","contributorId":116175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camp","given":"Richard","email":"rick_camp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Leonard, David L. Jr.","contributorId":150180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonard","given":"David","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17930,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, david_leonard@fws.gov","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Brinck, Kevin W. 0000-0001-7581-2482 kbrinck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7581-2482","contributorId":3847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brinck","given":"Kevin W.","email":"kbrinck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Juvik, J.O.","contributorId":7806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juvik","given":"J.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Juvik, S. P.","contributorId":150197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Juvik","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70135356,"text":"70135356 - 2014 - Beyond reducing fire hazard: fuel treatment impacts on overstory tree survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-12T14:10:13","indexId":"70135356","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beyond reducing fire hazard: fuel treatment impacts on overstory tree survival","docAbstract":"

Fuel treatment implementation in dry forest types throughout the western United States is likely to increase in pace and scale in response to increasing incidence of large wildfires. While it is clear that properly implemented fuel treatments are effective at reducing hazardous fire potential, there are ancillary ecological effects that can impact forest resilience either positively or negatively depending on the specific elements examined, as well as treatment type, timing, and intensity. In this study, we use overstory tree growth responses, measured seven years after the most common fuel treatments, to estimate forest health. Across the five species analyzed, observed mortality and future vulnerability were consistently low in the mechanical-only treatment. Fire-only was similar to the control for all species except Douglas-fir, while mechanical-plus-fire had high observed mortality and future vulnerability for white fir and sugar pine. Given that overstory trees largely dictate the function of forests and services they provide (e.g., wildlife habitat, carbon sequestration, soil stability) these results have implications for understanding longer-term impacts of common fuel treatments on forest resilience.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/14-0971.1","usgsCitation":"Collins, B.M., Das, A., Battles, J.J., Fry, D.L., Krasnow, K., and Stephens, S.L., 2014, Beyond reducing fire hazard: fuel treatment impacts on overstory tree survival: Ecological Applications, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1879-1886, https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0971.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1879","endPage":"1886","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057141","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296658,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"548c1fc7e4b0ca8c43c3695a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Brandon M.","contributorId":127850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7169,"text":"USDA Forest Service, UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":527105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Das, Adrian J. 0000-0002-3937-2616 adas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3937-2616","contributorId":3842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Das","given":"Adrian J.","email":"adas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Battles, John J.","contributorId":102006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Battles","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":527107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fry, Danny L.","contributorId":127851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fry","given":"Danny","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":527108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krasnow, Kevin","contributorId":127852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krasnow","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7170,"text":"Teton Science Schools, Jackson, WY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":527109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stephens, Scott L.","contributorId":46022,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stephens","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":527110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70178372,"text":"70178372 - 2014 - Transcriptomic analysis of the mussel Elliptio complanata identifies candidate stress-response genes and an abundance of novel or noncoding transcripts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-24T10:35:24","indexId":"70178372","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transcriptomic analysis of the mussel Elliptio complanata identifies candidate stress-response genes and an abundance of novel or noncoding transcripts","docAbstract":"

Mussels are useful indicator species of environmental stress and degradation, and the global decline in freshwater mussel diversity and abundance is of conservation concern. Elliptio complanata is a common freshwater mussel of eastern North America that can serve both as an indicator and as an experimental model for understanding mussel physiology and genetics. To support genetic components of these research goals, we assembled transcriptome contigs from Illumina paired-end reads. Despite efforts to collapse similar contigs, the final assembly was in excess of 136,000 contigs with an N50 of 982 bp. Even so, comparisons to the CEGMA database of conserved eukaryotic genes indicated that ∼20% of genes remain unrepresented. However, numerous candidate stress-response genes were present, and we identified lineage-specific patterns of diversification among molluscs for cytochrome P450 detoxification genes and two saccharide-modifying enzymes: 1,3 beta-galactosyltransferase and fucosyltransferase. Less than a quarter of contigs had protein-level similarity based on modest BLAST and Hmmer3 statistical thresholds. These results add comparative genomic resources for molluscs and suggest a wealth of novel proteins and noncoding transcripts.

","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0112420","usgsCitation":"Cornman, R.S., Robertson, L.S., Galbraith, H.S., and Blakeslee, C.J., 2014, Transcriptomic analysis of the mussel Elliptio complanata identifies candidate stress-response genes and an abundance of novel or noncoding transcripts: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 11, e112420; 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112420.","productDescription":"e112420; 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-060559","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112420","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330996,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582c2ce6e4b0c253be072c0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cornman, Robert S. 0000-0001-9511-2192 rcornman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-2192","contributorId":5356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornman","given":"Robert","email":"rcornman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robertson, Laura S. lrobertson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Laura","email":"lrobertson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":653796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galbraith, Heather S. 0000-0003-3704-3517 hgalbraith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3704-3517","contributorId":4519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galbraith","given":"Heather","email":"hgalbraith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blakeslee, Carrie J. 0000-0002-0801-5325 cblakeslee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0801-5325","contributorId":5462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakeslee","given":"Carrie","email":"cblakeslee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70144593,"text":"70144593 - 2014 - Distribution and prevalence of knemidokoptic mange in Hawai`i `Amakihi on the island of Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T12:33:08","indexId":"70144593","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-055","title":"Distribution and prevalence of knemidokoptic mange in Hawai`i `Amakihi on the island of Hawaii","docAbstract":"

Knemidokoptic mange was first observed on two Hawai‘i ‘Amakihi (Hemignathus virens) mist netted in Manuka Natural Area Reserve (NAR) on the Island of Hawai‘i in June 2007. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings from lesions of the infested individuals revealed the scaley-leg mite, Knemidokoptes jamaicensis. Continued surveillance at Manuka NAR (2007-2009) documented a 24% (15/63) prevalence of mange among Hawai‘i ‘Amakihi distributed from coastal habitat to 1,500 m above sea level (asl). From 2012-2014, we conducted an island-wide survey of wild passerine birds from several leeward sites (Manuka NAR, Kahuku Unit of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park (HAVO), Pu‘u Wa‘awa‘a Forest Bird Sanctuary, and Kipahoehoe NAR) and windward sites (Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, ‘Ᾱinahou Ranch of HAVO, Malama Ki Forest Reserve, and Keauohana Forest Reserve) to determine the current distribution and host range of knemidokoptic mange. We also determined the prevalence of malaria in Hawai‘i ‘Amakihi populations where mange was present and treated a subset of infested Hawai‘i ‘Amakihi mange with a single, topical dose of moxidectin. We mist netted and examined a total of 1,734 passerines, including 738 Hawai‘i ‘Amakihi. Mange was present in Hawai‘i ‘Amakihi at Manuka NAR (595 and 305 m asl), Kahuku Ranch Unit of HAVO (Glover site: 1,201 m asl and Kipuka Akala site: 1,532 m asl), Malama Ki Forest Reserve and Keauohana Forest Reserve (293 m asl). No other passerine birds (n = 995) were infected. Mange prevalence ranged from a high of 69% (40/58) in Keauohana Forest Reserve to a low of 2% (1/65) in the Kahuku Ranch Unit of HAVO (Kipuka Akala). At Manuka NAR prevalence had decreased from 26% in 2010 to 10% (7/81) in 2012–2014. We found no significant relationship between the prevalence of mange and the prevalence of avian malaria in mesic habitats at Manuka NAR (P = 0.59 (FET, n = 81)), but there was a significant association between the prevalence of mange and the prevalence of malaria in lowland wet forests in Puna Forest Reserves (P < 0.01 (FET, n = 72)). This apparent association may be a reflection of the high prevalence of malaria (>80%) in these areas. There was no difference in the frequency of recapture of birds that were infested versus un-infested at first capture at our long-term sites (Manuka NAR and Puna sites) (χ2(1, n = 227) = 1.51, P = 0.22, but when all sites with mange present were pooled, there was a significant difference in the frequency of recaptures between infested and un-infested birds (χ2(1, n = 424) = 7.13, P = 0.01). There was a significant association between parasitemia level (per 10,000 RBCs) and the ranked stage of mange present in infested individuals. We treated 24 Hawai‘i ‘Amakihi with moxidectin and upon recapture (n = 2), found a reduction in both the size and stage of mange lesions, such that a single dose, topical treatment of moxidectin appears to be an effective treatment for knemidokoptic mange in wild populations. Our results suggest that knemidokoptic mange is currently limited to Hawai‘i ‘Amakihi and prevalent in low elevation sites on both the windward and leeward sides of the island.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, Hi","usgsCitation":"Gaudioso, J., LaPointe, D., Atkinson, C.T., and Apelgren, C., 2014, Distribution and prevalence of knemidokoptic mange in Hawai`i `Amakihi on the island of Hawaii: Technical Report HCSU-055, iv, 25 p.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060888","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312045,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Island of Hawai‘i","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.8685302734375,\n 19.29559031480427\n ],\n [\n -155.50872802734375,\n 19.20742852680121\n ],\n [\n -155.5828857421875,\n 19.0543297806049\n ],\n [\n -155.9234619140625,\n 19.098457525292385\n ],\n [\n -155.88775634765622,\n 19.290405639497994\n ],\n [\n -155.8685302734375,\n 19.29559031480427\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.9237060546875,\n 19.570142140282975\n ],\n [\n -155.291748046875,\n 19.409611549990895\n ],\n [\n -155.22857666015625,\n 19.2489223284628\n ],\n [\n -154.84954833984375,\n 19.46141299683289\n ],\n [\n -154.87426757812497,\n 19.552025697517507\n ],\n [\n -154.9237060546875,\n 19.570142140282975\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.89324951171875,\n 19.81063818250419\n ],\n [\n -155.88775634765622,\n 19.658107298721482\n ],\n [\n -155.643310546875,\n 19.696900138883947\n ],\n [\n -155.70098876953122,\n 19.906218644480848\n ],\n [\n -155.885009765625,\n 19.89588839936506\n ],\n [\n -155.89324951171875,\n 19.81063818250419\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.34942626953125,\n 19.986255155382313\n ],\n [\n -155.34942626953125,\n 19.733098308747795\n ],\n [\n -155.15167236328125,\n 19.735683578629445\n ],\n [\n -155.17364501953125,\n 19.947532877989353\n ],\n [\n -155.34942626953125,\n 19.986255155382313\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56680d47e4b06a3ea36c8e25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaudioso, Jacqueline jgaudioso@usgs.gov","contributorId":5637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaudioso","given":"Jacqueline","email":"jgaudioso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":524,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaPointe, Dennis dlapointe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPointe","given":"Dennis","email":"dlapointe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atkinson, Carter T. 0000-0002-4232-5335 catkinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-5335","contributorId":1124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Carter","email":"catkinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Apelgren, Chloe","contributorId":140012,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Apelgren","given":"Chloe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13356,"text":"University of Hawaii, Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70191813,"text":"70191813 - 2014 - Effects of prey abundance, distribution, visual contrast and morphology on selection by a pelagic piscivore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-18T11:08:22","indexId":"70191813","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of prey abundance, distribution, visual contrast and morphology on selection by a pelagic piscivore","docAbstract":"
  1. Most predators eat only a subset of possible prey. However, studies evaluating diet selection rarely measure prey availability in a manner that accounts for temporal–spatial overlap with predators, the sensory mechanisms employed to detect prey, and constraints on prey capture.
  2. We evaluated the diet selection of cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) feeding on a diverse planktivore assemblage in Lake Washington to test the hypothesis that the diet selection of piscivores would reflect random (opportunistic) as opposed to non-random (targeted) feeding, after accounting for predator–prey overlap, visual detection and capture constraints.
  3. Diets of cutthroat trout were sampled in autumn 2005, when the abundance of transparent, age-0 longfin smelt (Spirinchus thaleichthys) was low, and 2006, when the abundance of smelt was nearly seven times higher. Diet selection was evaluated separately using depth-integrated and depth-specific (accounted for predator–prey overlap) prey abundance. The abundance of different prey was then adjusted for differences in detectability and vulnerability to predation to see whether these factors could explain diet selection.
  4. In 2005, cutthroat trout fed non-randomly by selecting against the smaller, transparent age-0 longfin smelt, but for the larger age-1 longfin smelt. After adjusting prey abundance for visual detection and capture, cutthroat trout fed randomly. In 2006, depth-integrated and depth-specific abundance explained the diets of cutthroat trout well, indicating random feeding. Feeding became non-random after adjusting for visual detection and capture. Cutthroat trout selected strongly for age-0 longfin smelt, but against similar sized threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and larger age-1 longfin smelt in 2006. Overlap with juvenile sockeye salmon (O. nerka) was minimal in both years, and sockeye salmon were rare in the diets of cutthroat trout.
  5. The direction of the shift between random and non-random selection depended on the presence of a weak versus a strong year class of age-0 longfin smelt. These fish were easy to catch, but hard to see. When their density was low, poor detection could explain their rarity in the diet. When their density was high, poor detection was compensated by higher encounter rates with cutthroat trout, sufficient to elicit a targeted feeding response. The nature of the feeding selectivity of a predator can be highly dependent on fluctuations in the abundance and suitability of key prey.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fwb.12436","usgsCitation":"Hansen, A., and Beauchamp, D.A., 2014, Effects of prey abundance, distribution, visual contrast and morphology on selection by a pelagic piscivore: Freshwater Biology, v. 59, no. 11, p. 2328-2341, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12436.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2328","endPage":"2341","ipdsId":"IP-055039","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.33963012695312,\n 47.48194469821279\n ],\n [\n -122.14874267578125,\n 47.48194469821279\n ],\n [\n -122.14874267578125,\n 47.76702233051035\n ],\n [\n -122.33963012695312,\n 47.76702233051035\n ],\n [\n -122.33963012695312,\n 47.48194469821279\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e8683ee4b05fe04cd4d251","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Adam G.","contributorId":103947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Adam G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beauchamp, David A. 0000-0002-3592-8381 fadave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-8381","contributorId":4205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"David","email":"fadave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155250,"text":"70155250 - 2014 - A seasonal agricultural drought forecast system for food-insecure regions of East Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T11:29:02","indexId":"70155250","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A seasonal agricultural drought forecast system for food-insecure regions of East Africa","docAbstract":"

 The increasing food and water demands of East Africa's growing population are stressing the region's inconsistent water resources and rain-fed agriculture. More accurate seasonal agricultural drought forecasts for this region can inform better water and agricultural management decisions, support optimal allocation of the region's water resources, and mitigate socio-economic losses incurred by droughts and floods. Here we describe the development and implementation of a seasonal agricultural drought forecast system for East Africa (EA) that provides decision support for the Famine Early Warning Systems Network's science team. We evaluate this forecast system for a region of equatorial EA (2° S to 8° N, and 36° to 46° E) for the March-April-May growing season. This domain encompasses one of the most food insecure, climatically variable and socio-economically vulnerable regions in EA, and potentially the world: this region has experienced famine as recently as 2011. 

To assess the agricultural outlook for the upcoming season our forecast system simulates soil moisture (SM) scenarios using the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrologic model forced with climate scenarios for the upcoming season. First, to show that the VIC model is appropriate for this application we forced the model with high quality atmospheric observations and found that the resulting SM values were consistent with the Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO's) Water Requirement Satisfaction Index (WRSI), an index used by FEWS NET to estimate crop yields. Next we tested our forecasting system with hindcast runs (1993–2012). We found that initializing SM forecasts with start-of-season (5 March) SM conditions resulted in useful SM forecast skill (> 0.5 correlation) at 1-month, and in some cases at 3 month lead times. Similarly, when the forecast was initialized with mid-season (i.e. 5 April) SM conditions the skill until the end-of-season improved. This shows that early-season rainfall is critical for end-of-season outcomes. Finally we show that, in terms of forecasting spatial patterns of SM anomalies, the skill of this agricultural drought forecast system is generally greater (> 0.8 correlation) during drought years. This means that this system might be particularity useful for identifying the events that present the greatest risk to the region.

","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/hessd-11-3049-2014","usgsCitation":"Shukla, S., McNally, A., Husak, G., and Funk, C.C., 2014, A seasonal agricultural drought forecast system for food-insecure regions of East Africa: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 11, p. 3049-3081, https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-3049-2014.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"3049","endPage":"3081","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055486","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-3049-2014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306851,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d4572be4b0518e3546949c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shukla, Shraddhanand","contributorId":145802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shukla","given":"Shraddhanand","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McNally, Amy","contributorId":145810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNally","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Husak, Gregory","contributorId":145811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Husak","given":"Gregory","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70144592,"text":"70144592 - 2014 - Productivity of forest birds at Hakalau Forest NWR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T12:33:34","indexId":"70144592","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-056","title":"Productivity of forest birds at Hakalau Forest NWR","docAbstract":"

Hawai‘i has some of the most endangered avian species in the world, which face numerous threats from habitat loss, disease, climate change, and introduced species. This report details the results of a two-year productivity study of all forest bird species at Hakalau National Wildlife Refuge, Hawai‘i Island. We found and monitored nests from seven native species and three common non-native species of forest birds at three sites across the refuge. In addition to gathering important baseline information on productivity of forest birds, we examined differences in productivity between years, sites, and as a function of nest height. The weather differed greatly between the two years, with much more rain occurring in 2014. The daily survival rate (DSR) of nests was found to have an inverse relationship with the amount of rainfall, and accordingly was much lower in 2014 compared to 2013. Nest success was lower at a regenerating forest site compared with mature rainforest, indicating negative environmental factors affecting nest success may be exacerbated in reforested areas which have lower canopies. Nest success was also impacted by nest height, with a positive relationship in the drier 2013, and a negative relationship in 2014 for the canopy nesting honeycreepers. The large difference in weather and DSR between years illustrates the need for long term demographic studies that can capture the vital rates of this community of birds.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","usgsCitation":"Paxton, E., Cummins, G.C., and Kendall, S.J., 2014, Productivity of forest birds at Hakalau Forest NWR: Technical Report HCSU-056, iii., 21 p.","productDescription":"iii., 21 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060862","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312049,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299177,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hilo.hawaii.edu/hcsu/documents/HCSU_TR56_Paxton_Hakalau_Productivity.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.34393310546875,\n 19.93720533223859\n ],\n [\n -155.34942626953125,\n 19.68138413000096\n ],\n [\n -155.13519287109375,\n 19.696900138883947\n ],\n [\n -155.17089843749997,\n 19.944951054874952\n ],\n [\n -155.29449462890622,\n 19.973348786110602\n ],\n [\n -155.335693359375,\n 19.970767385432207\n ],\n [\n -155.34393310546875,\n 19.95527809397557\n ],\n [\n -155.34393310546875,\n 19.93720533223859\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56680d4fe4b06a3ea36c8e33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689 epaxton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben H.","email":"epaxton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cummins, George C","contributorId":140011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cummins","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":13355,"text":"Volunteer, USGS Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, Steven J.","contributorId":30911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kendall","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70145116,"text":"70145116 - 2014 - MTpy: A Python toolbox for magnetotellurics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-08T09:37:05","indexId":"70145116","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"MTpy: A Python toolbox for magnetotellurics","title":"MTpy: A Python toolbox for magnetotellurics","docAbstract":"

We present the software package MTpy that allows handling, processing, and imaging of magnetotelluric (MT) data sets. Written in Python, the code is open source, containing sub-packages and modules for various tasks within the standard MT data processing and handling scheme. Besides the independent definition of classes and functions, MTpy provides wrappers and convenience scripts to call standard external data processing and modelling software.

\n

In its current state, modules and functions of MTpy work on raw and pre-processed MT data. However, opposite to providing a static compilation of software, we prefer to introduce MTpy as a flexible software toolbox, whose contents can be combined and utilised according to the respective needs of the user. Just as the overall functionality of a mechanical toolbox can be extended by adding new tools, MTpy is a flexible framework, which will be dynamically extended in the future. Furthermore, it can help to unify and extend existing codes and algorithms within the (academic) MT community.

\n

In this paper, we introduce the structure and concept of MTpy  . Additionally, we show some examples from an everyday work-flow of MT data processing: the generation of standard EDI data files from raw electric (E-) and magnetic flux density (B-) field time series as input, the conversion into MiniSEED data format, as well as the generation of a graphical data representation in the form of a Phase Tensor pseudosection.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2014.07.013","usgsCitation":"Krieger, L., and Peacock, J.R., 2014, MTpy: A Python toolbox for magnetotellurics: Computers & Geosciences, v. 72, p. 167-175, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2014.07.013.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"175","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051294","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299334,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9abe4b027f0aee3baf2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krieger, Lars","contributorId":140053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krieger","given":"Lars","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13368,"text":"University of Adelaide, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peacock, Jared R. 0000-0002-0439-0224 jpeacock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0439-0224","contributorId":4996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Jared","email":"jpeacock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70146957,"text":"70146957 - 2014 - Technical Note: Linking climate change and downed woody debris decomposition across forests of the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-24T10:45:15","indexId":"70146957","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Technical Note: Linking climate change and downed woody debris decomposition across forests of the eastern United States","docAbstract":"

Forest ecosystems play a critical role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Forest carbon (C) is stored through photosynthesis and released via decomposition and combustion. Relative to C fixation in biomass, much less is known about C depletion through decomposition of woody debris, particularly under a changing climate. It is assumed that the increased temperatures and longer growing seasons associated with projected climate change will increase the decomposition rates (i.e., more rapid C cycling) of downed woody debris (DWD); however, the magnitude of this increase has not been previously addressed. Using DWD measurements collected from a national forest inventory of the eastern United States, we show that the residence time of DWD may decrease (i.e., more rapid decomposition) by as much as 13% over the next 200 years, depending on various future climate change scenarios and forest types. Although existing dynamic global vegetation models account for the decomposition process, they typically do not include the effect of a changing climate on DWD decomposition rates. We expect that an increased understanding of decomposition rates, as presented in this current work, will be needed to adequately quantify the fate of woody detritus in future forests. Furthermore, we hope these results will lead to improved models that incorporate climate change scenarios for depicting future dead wood dynamics in addition to a traditional emphasis on live-tree demographics.

","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/bg-11-6417-2014","usgsCitation":"Russell, M.B., Woodall, C.W., D’Amato, A.W., Fraver, S., and Bradford, J.B., 2014, Technical Note: Linking climate change and downed woody debris decomposition across forests of the eastern United States: Biogeosciences, v. 11, p. 6417-6425, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6417-2014.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"6417","endPage":"6425","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056891","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6417-2014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 49.61070993807422\n ],\n [\n -66.796875,\n 49.61070993807422\n ],\n [\n -66.796875,\n 28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 28.613459424004414\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"553b6960e4b0a658d79371d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell, Matthew B.","contributorId":140407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":13478,"text":"Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota (Correspondence to: russellm@umn.edu)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodall, Christopher W.","contributorId":53696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodall","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7264,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Beltsville, MD 20705","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"D’Amato, Anthony W.","contributorId":28140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Amato","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6735,"text":"University of Vermont, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13478,"text":"Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota (Correspondence to: russellm@umn.edu)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fraver, Shawn","contributorId":91379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraver","given":"Shawn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188050,"text":"70188050 - 2014 - Understanding the hydrologic sources and sinks in the Nile Basin using multisource climate and remote sensing data sets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-30T15:10:08","indexId":"70188050","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding the hydrologic sources and sinks in the Nile Basin using multisource climate and remote sensing data sets","docAbstract":"

In this study, we integrated satellite-drived precipitation and modeled evapotranspiration data (2000–2012) to describe spatial variability of hydrologic sources and sinks in the Nile Basin. Over 2000–2012 period, 4 out of 11 countries (Ethiopia, Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda) in the Nile Basin showed a positive water balance while three downstream countries (South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt) showed a negative balance. Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mass deviation in storage data analysis showed that at annual timescales, the Nile Basin storage change is substantial while over longer time periods, it is minimal (<1% of basin precipitation). We also used long-term gridded runoff and river discharge data (1869–1984) to understand the discrepancy in the observed and expected flow along the Nile River. The top three countries that contribute most to the flow are Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Kenya. The study revealed that ∼85% of the runoff generated in the equatorial region is lost in an interstation basin that includes the Sudd wetlands in South Sudan; this proportion is higher than the literature reported loss of 50% at the Sudd wetlands alone. The loss in runoff and flow volume at different sections of the river tend to be more than what can be explained by evaporation losses, suggesting a potential recharge to deeper aquifers that are not connected to the Nile channel systems. On the other hand, we also found that the expected average annual Nile flow at Aswan is greater (97 km3) than the reported amount (84 km3). Due to the large variations of the reported Nile flow at different locations and time periods, the study results indicate the need for increased hydrometeorological instrumentation of the basin. The study also helped improve our understanding of the spatial dynamics of water sources and sinks in the Nile Basin and identified emerging hydrologic questions that require further attention.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2013WR015231","usgsCitation":"Senay, G., Velpuri, N.M., Bohms, S., Demissie, Y., and Gebremichael, M., 2014, Understanding the hydrologic sources and sinks in the Nile Basin using multisource climate and remote sensing data sets: Water Resources Research, v. 50, no. 11, p. 8625-8650, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR015231.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"8625","endPage":"8650","ipdsId":"IP-054002","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013wr015231","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341873,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Nile Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 23.818359375,\n -3.688855143147035\n ],\n [\n 37.6171875,\n -3.688855143147035\n ],\n [\n 37.6171875,\n 31.57853542647338\n ],\n [\n 23.818359375,\n 31.57853542647338\n ],\n [\n 23.818359375,\n -3.688855143147035\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592e84c0e4b092b266f10d6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":166812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Velpuri, Naga Manohar 0000-0002-6370-1926 nvelpuri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-1926","contributorId":166813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velpuri","given":"Naga","email":"nvelpuri@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Manohar","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohms, Stefanie 0000-0002-2979-4655 sbohms@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-4655","contributorId":3148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohms","given":"Stefanie","email":"sbohms@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Demissie, Yonas","contributorId":192369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Demissie","given":"Yonas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gebremichael, Mekonnen","contributorId":147882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gebremichael","given":"Mekonnen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188041,"text":"70188041 - 2014 - A suggestion for computing objective function in model calibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-30T15:57:15","indexId":"70188041","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1457,"text":"Ecological Informatics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A suggestion for computing objective function in model calibration","docAbstract":"

A parameter-optimization process (model calibration) is usually required for numerical model applications, which involves the use of an objective function to determine the model cost (model-data errors). The sum of square errors (SSR) has been widely adopted as the objective function in various optimization procedures. However, ‘square error’ calculation was found to be more sensitive to extreme or high values. Thus, we proposed that the sum of absolute errors (SAR) may be a better option than SSR for model calibration. To test this hypothesis, we used two case studies—a hydrological model calibration and a biogeochemical model calibration—to investigate the behavior of a group of potential objective functions: SSR, SAR, sum of squared relative deviation (SSRD), and sum of absolute relative deviation (SARD). Mathematical evaluation of model performance demonstrates that ‘absolute error’ (SAR and SARD) are superior to ‘square error’ (SSR and SSRD) in calculating objective function for model calibration, and SAR behaved the best (with the least error and highest efficiency). This study suggests that SSR might be overly used in real applications, and SAR may be a reasonable choice in common optimization implementations without emphasizing either high or low values (e.g., modeling for supporting resources management).

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