This report presents miscellaneous geologic, hydrologic, and ground-water-quality data collected in and near Belvidere, Ill. during May 2001–November 2002. The data were collected for two studies conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1990–2002, but subsequent to publication of the final interpretive reports for the studies. The cooperative studies with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Illinois Environmental Protection Agency evaluated the hydrogeology, ground-water-flow system, and distribution of contaminants in the glacial drift and bedrock (primarily Galena-Platteville) aquifers underlying the vicinity of Belvidere, including the Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund site. Data presented in the report include lithologic descriptions, geophysical logs, water levels, hydraulic characteristics, field-measured characteristics of water quality, and laboratory analyses of volatile organic compounds, major ions, trace elements, nutrients, and herbicides.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03206","usgsCitation":"Mills, P., and Kay, R., 2003, Hydrogeologic and ground-water-quality data for Belvidere, Illinois, and vicinity, 2001–02: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-206, v, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03206.","productDescription":"v, 45 p.","numberOfPages":"50","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":4889,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0206/ofr20030206.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":178130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0206/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":388607,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67760.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinios","city":"Belvidere","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.9508056640625,\n 42.21326229782065\n ],\n [\n -88.77639770507812,\n 42.21326229782065\n ],\n [\n -88.77639770507812,\n 42.34535034292539\n ],\n [\n -88.9508056640625,\n 42.34535034292539\n ],\n [\n -88.9508056640625,\n 42.21326229782065\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
The Great Salt Lake Basins (GRSL) study unit of the National Water-Quality Assessment program encompasses the Bear River, Weber River, and Utah Lake/Jordan River systems, all of which discharge to Great Salt Lake in Utah. Data were collected during each month at 10 sites in the GRSL study unit from October 1998 to September 2000 to define spatial and temporal distribution and variability in concentration of nutrients, major ions, trace elements, suspended sediments, and organic compounds.
Water samples collected from rangeland and forest sites in the GRSL study unit generally contained low concentrations of dissolved solids. Median dissolved-solids concentration in water samples was highest at sites with mixed land uses. Dissolved-solids concentration in some parts of the Bear River during low flow exceeded Utah State standards for agricultural use.
Total-nitrogen concentration in water samples from GRSL sites ranged from 0.06 to 11 milligrams per liter. Water samples from predominantly forest and rangeland sites generally had a low total-nitrogen concentration. Many samples from sites with a higher percentage of agricultural and urban land cover had higher concentrations of total nitrogen. Fifty percent of the samples collected at GRSL sites had total phosphorus concentrations that exceeded 0.1 milligram per liter, the recommended limit for the prevention of nuisance aquatic-plant growth in streams not discharging directly into lakes or impoundments.
Concentration of most trace elements in water samples from the fixed sites generally was low; however, arsenic concentrations, as high as 284 micrograms per liter, sometimes exceeded aquatic-life guidelines. Forty-three pesticides and 35 volatile organic compounds were detected in water samples from three GRSL sites; however, the concentration of most was low, less than 1 microgram per liter. The herbicides atrazine and prometon and the insecticides carbaryl and diazinon were the most frequently detected pesticides. Chloroform and toluene were detected in more than 90 percent of the samples and were the most frequently detected volatile organic compounds. The concentration of carbaryl, diazinon, malathion, and toluene in water samples from GRSL sites sometimes exceeded aquatic-life guidelines.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/wri034236","usgsCitation":"Gerner, S.J., 2003, Water quality at fixed sites in the Great Salt Lake basins, Utah, Idaho, and Wyoming, water years 1999-2000 (Online Only): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4236, x, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034236.","productDescription":"x, 56 p.","numberOfPages":"67","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4712,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034236/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":334632,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034236/pdf/wri034236.pdf","size":"10.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho,Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.236328125,\n 39.86758762451019\n ],\n [\n -111.87377929687499,\n 39.64799732373418\n ],\n [\n -111.324462890625,\n 40.019201307686785\n ],\n [\n -111.302490234375,\n 40.3130432088809\n ],\n [\n -110.753173828125,\n 40.98819156349393\n ],\n [\n -110.50048828124999,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -110.55541992187499,\n 42.601619944327965\n ],\n [\n -111.77490234375,\n 42.771211138625894\n ],\n [\n -112.412109375,\n 42.431565872579185\n ],\n [\n -112.510986328125,\n 41.566141964768384\n ],\n [\n -112.43408203124999,\n 41.15384235711447\n ],\n [\n -112.12646484375,\n 40.763901280945866\n ],\n [\n -112.236328125,\n 39.86758762451019\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online Only","publicComments":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e499fe4b07f02db5bcca0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerner, Steven J. 0000-0002-5701-1304 sjgerner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5701-1304","contributorId":972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerner","given":"Steven","email":"sjgerner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53119,"text":"wri034090 - 2003 - Simulation of net infiltration and potential recharge using a distributed-parameter watershed model of the Death Valley region, Nevada and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:46","indexId":"wri034090","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4090","title":"Simulation of net infiltration and potential recharge using a distributed-parameter watershed model of the Death Valley region, Nevada and California","docAbstract":"This report presents the development and application of the distributed-parameter watershed model, INFILv3, for estimating the temporal and spatial distribution of net infiltration and potential recharge in the Death Valley region, Nevada and California. The estimates of net infiltration quantify the downward drainage of water across the lower boundary of the root zone and are used to indicate potential recharge under variable climate conditions and drainage basin characteristics. Spatial variability in recharge in the Death Valley region likely is high owing to large differences in precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, bedrock permeability, soil thickness, vegetation characteristics, and contributions to recharge along active stream channels. The quantity and spatial distribution of recharge representing the effects of variable climatic conditions and drainage basin characteristics on recharge are needed to reduce uncertainty in modeling ground-water flow. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Department of Energy, developed a regional saturated-zone ground-water flow model of the Death Valley regional ground-water flow system to help evaluate the current hydrogeologic system and the potential effects of natural or human-induced changes. Although previous estimates of recharge have been made for most areas of the Death Valley region, including the area defined by the boundary of the Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, the uncertainty of these estimates is high, and the spatial and temporal variability of the recharge in these basins has not been quantified.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nTo estimate the magnitude and distribution of potential recharge in response to variable climate and spatially varying drainage basin characteristics, the INFILv3 model uses a daily water-balance model of the root zone with a primarily deterministic representation of the processes controlling net infiltration and potential recharge. The daily water balance includes precipitation (as either rain or snow), snow accumulation, sublimation, snowmelt, infiltration into the root zone, evapotranspiration, drainage, water content change throughout the root-zone profile (represented as a 6-layered system), runoff (defined as excess rainfall and snowmelt) and surface water run-on (defined as runoff that is routed downstream), and net infiltration (simulated as drainage from the bottom root-zone layer). Potential evapotranspiration is simulated using an hourly solar radiation model to simulate daily net radiation, and daily evapotranspiration is simulated as an empirical function of root zone water content and potential evapotranspiration. The model uses daily climate records of precipitation and air temperature from a regionally distributed network of 132 climate stations and a spatially distributed representation of drainage basin characteristics defined by topography, geology, soils, and vegetation to simulate daily net infiltration at all locations, including stream channels with intermittent streamflow in response to runoff from rain and snowmelt. The temporal distribution of daily, monthly, and annual net infiltration can be used to evaluate the potential effect of future climatic conditions on potential recharge. \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe INFILv3 model inputs representing drainage basin characteristics were developed using a geographic information system (GIS) to define a set of spatially distributed input parameters uniquely assigned to each grid cell of the INFILv3 model grid. The model grid, which was defined by a digital elevation model (DEM) of the Death Valley region, consists of 1,252,418 model grid cells with a uniform grid cell dimension of 278.5 meters in the north-south and east-west directions. The elevation values from the DEM were used with monthly regression models developed from the daily climate data to estimate the spatial distribution of daily precipitation and air temperature. The elevation values were also used to simulate atmosp","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034090","usgsCitation":"Hevesi, J.A., Flint, A.L., and Flint, L.E., 2003, Simulation of net infiltration and potential recharge using a distributed-parameter watershed model of the Death Valley region, Nevada and California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4090, 171 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034090.","productDescription":"171 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4677,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034090/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4930e4b07f02db58123e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hevesi, Joseph A. 0000-0003-2898-1800 jhevesi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1800","contributorId":1507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hevesi","given":"Joseph","email":"jhevesi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":53052,"text":"ofr03378 - 2003 - Hydrogeologic data from a shallow flooding demonstration project, Twitchell Island, California, 1997-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:39","indexId":"ofr03378","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-378","title":"Hydrogeologic data from a shallow flooding demonstration project, Twitchell Island, California, 1997-2001","docAbstract":"Data were collected during a study to determine the effects of continuous shallow flooding on ground-water discharge to an agricultural drainage ditch on Twitchell Island, California. The conceptual model of the hydrogeologic setting was detailed with soil coring and borehole-geophysical logs. Twenty-two monitoring wells were installed to observe hydraulic head. Ten aquifer slug tests were done in peat and mineral sediments. Ground-water and surface-water temperature was monitored at 14 locations. Flow to and from the pond was monitored through direct measurement of flows and through the calculation of a water budget. \r\n\r\n These data were gathered to support the development of a two-dimensional ground-water flow model. The model will be used to estimate subsurface discharge to the drainage ditch as a result of the pond. The estimated discharge will be used to estimate the concentrations of DOC that can be expected in the ditch.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03378","usgsCitation":"Gamble, J.M., Burow, K.R., Wheeler, G.A., Hilditch, R., and Drexler, J.Z., 2003, Hydrogeologic data from a shallow flooding demonstration project, Twitchell Island, California, 1997-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-378, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03378.","productDescription":"42 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5194,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr03378/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6863ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gamble, James M.","contributorId":100061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gamble","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burow, Karen R. 0000-0001-6006-6667 krburow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-6667","contributorId":1504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burow","given":"Karen","email":"krburow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wheeler, Gail A.","contributorId":57141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hilditch, Robert","contributorId":70049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilditch","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Drexler, Judy Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":65155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judy","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":52711,"text":"wri034161 - 2003 - Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Blacks Run, Rockingham County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-19T19:29:10.423265","indexId":"wri034161","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4161","title":"Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Blacks Run, Rockingham County, Virginia","docAbstract":"Impairment of surface waters by fecal coliform bacteria is a water-quality issue of national scope and importance. Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act requires that each State identify surface waters that do not meet applicable water-quality standards. In Virginia, more than 175 stream segments are on the 1998 Section 303(d) list of impaired waters because of violations of the water-quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria. A total maximum daily load (TMDL) will need to be developed by 2006 for each of these impaired streams and rivers by the Virginia Departments of Environmental Quality and Conservation and Recreation. A TMDL is a quantitative representation of the maximum load of a given water-quality constituent, from all point and nonpoint sources, that a stream can assimilate without violating the designated water-quality standard. Blacks Run, in Rockingham County, Virginia, is one of the stream segments listed by the State of Virginia as impaired by fecal coliform bacteria. Watershed modeling and bacterial source tracking were used to develop the technical components of the fecal coliform bacteria TMDL for Accotink Creek. The Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) was used to simulate streamflow, fecal coliform concentrations, and source-specific fecal coliform loading in Blacks Run. Ribotyping, a bacterial source tracking technique, was used to identify the dominant sources of fecal coliform bacteria in the Blacks Run watershed. Ribotyping also was used to determine the relative contributions of specific sources to the observed fecal coliform load in Blacks Run. Data from the ribotyping analysis were incorporated into the calibration of the fecal coliform model. Study results provide information regarding the calibration of the streamflow and fecal coliform bacteria models and also identify the reductions in fecal coliform loads required to meet the TMDL for Blacks Run. The calibrated streamflow model simulated observed streamflow characteristics with respect to total annual runoff, seasonal runoff, average daily streamflow, and hourly stormflow. The calibrated fecal coliform model simulated the patterns and range of observed fecal coliform bacteria concentrations. Observed fecal coliform bacteria concentrations during low-flow periods ranged from 40 to 7,000 colonies per 100 milliliters, and peak concentrations during storm-flow periods ranged from 33,000 to 260,000 colonies per 100 milliliters. Simulated source-specific contributions of fecal coliform bacteria to instream load were matched to the observed contributions from the dominant sources, which were cats, cattle, deer, dogs, ducks, geese, horses, humans, muskrats, poultry, raccoons, and sheep. According to model results, a 95-percent reduction in the current fecal coliform load delivered from the watershed to Blacks Run would result in compliance with the designated water-quality goals and associated TMDL.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034161","usgsCitation":"Moyer, D., and Hyer, K., 2003, Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Blacks Run, Rockingham County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4161, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034161.","productDescription":"59 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410722,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_61973.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5245,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034161/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Rockingham County","otherGeospatial":"Blacks Run","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.76012948920716,\n 38.528863860443494\n ],\n [\n -78.93454236030807,\n 38.528863860443494\n ],\n [\n -78.93454236030807,\n 38.35346563294095\n ],\n [\n -78.76012948920716,\n 38.35346563294095\n ],\n [\n -78.76012948920716,\n 38.528863860443494\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698028","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyer, Douglas 0000-0001-6330-478X dlmoyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-478X","contributorId":2670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"Douglas","email":"dlmoyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":245889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hyer, Kenneth kenhyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyer","given":"Kenneth","email":"kenhyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":245890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":52710,"text":"wri034160 - 2003 - Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Accotink Creek, Fairfax County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-16T21:56:10.374308","indexId":"wri034160","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4160","title":"Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Accotink Creek, Fairfax County, Virginia","docAbstract":"Impairment of surface waters by fecal coliform bacteria is a water-quality issue of national scope and importance. Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act requires that each State identify surface waters that do not meet applicable water-quality standards. In Virginia, more than 175 stream segments are on the 1998 Section 303(d) list of impaired waters because of violations of the water-quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria. A total maximum daily load (TMDL) will need to be developed by 2006 for each of these impaired streams and rivers by the Virginia Departments of Environmental Quality and Conservation and Recreation. A TMDL is a quantitative representation of the maximum load of a given water-quality constituent, from all point and nonpoint sources, that a stream can assimilate without violating the designated water-quality standard. Accotink Creek, in Fairfax County, Virginia, is one of the stream segments listed by the State of Virginia as impaired by fecal coliform bacteria. Watershed modeling and bacterial source tracking were used to develop the technical components of the fecal coliform bacteria TMDL for Accotink Creek. The Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) was used to simulate streamflow, fecal coliform concentrations, and source-specific fecal coliform loading in Accotink Creek. Ribotyping, a bacterial source tracking technique, was used to identify the dominant sources of fecal coliform bacteria in the Accotink Creek watershed. Ribotyping also was used to determine the relative contributions of specific sources to the observed fecal coliform load in Accotink Creek. Data from the ribotyping analysis were incorporated into the calibration of the fecal coliform model. Study results provide information regarding the calibration of the streamflow and fecal coliform bacteria models and also identify the reductions in fecal coliform loads required to meet the TMDL for Accotink Creek. The calibrated streamflow model simulated observed streamflow characteristics with respect to total annual runoff, seasonal runoff, average daily streamflow, and hourly stormflow. The calibrated fecal coliform model simulated the patterns and range of observed fecal coliform bacteria concentrations. Observed fecal coliform bacteria concentrations during low-flow periods ranged from 25 to 800 colonies per 100 milliliters, and peak concentrations during storm-flow periods ranged from 19,000 to 340,000 colonies per 100 milliliters. Simulated source-specific contributions of fecal coliform bacteria to instream load were matched to the observed contributions from the dominant sources, which were cats, deer, dogs, ducks, geese, humans, muskrats, and raccoons. According to model results, an 89-percent reduction in the current fecal coliform load delivered from the watershed to Accotink Creek would result in compliance with the designated water-quality goals and associated TMDL.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034160","usgsCitation":"Moyer, D., and Hyer, K., 2003, Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Accotink Creek, Fairfax County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4160, vi, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034160.","productDescription":"vi, 67 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410655,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_61974.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5244,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034160/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Fairfax County","otherGeospatial":"Accotink Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.3333,\n 38.9\n ],\n [\n -77.3333,\n 38.7917\n ],\n [\n -77.1917,\n 38.7917\n ],\n [\n -77.1917,\n 38.9\n ],\n [\n -77.3333,\n 38.9\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db697fde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyer, Douglas 0000-0001-6330-478X dlmoyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-478X","contributorId":2670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"Douglas","email":"dlmoyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":245887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hyer, Kenneth kenhyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyer","given":"Kenneth","email":"kenhyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":245888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":52709,"text":"wri034220 - 2003 - Hydrology and water quality of Elkhead Creek and Elkhead Reservoir near Craig, Colorado, July 1995–September 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-20T19:48:36.148351","indexId":"wri034220","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4220","title":"Hydrology and water quality of Elkhead Creek and Elkhead Reservoir near Craig, Colorado, July 1995–September 2001","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Colorado River Water Conservation District, collected and analyzed baseline streamflow and water-quality information for Elkhead Creek and water-quality and trophic-state information for Elkhead Reservoir from July 1995 through September 2001.
In the study area, Elkhead Creek is a meandering, alluvial stream dominated by snowmelt in mountainous headwaters that produces most of the annual discharge volume and discharge peaks during late spring and early summer. During most of water year 1996 (a typical year), daily mean discharge at station 09246400 (downstream from the reservoir) was similar to daily mean discharge at station 09246200 (upstream from the reservoir). Flow-duration curves for stations 09246200 and 09246400 were nearly identical, except for discharges less than about 10 cubic feet per second.
Specific conductance generally had an inverse relation to discharge in Elkhead Creek. During late fall and winter when discharge was small and derived mostly from ground water, specific conductance was high, whereas during spring and early summer, when discharge was large and derived mostly from snowmelt, specific conductance was low. Water temperatures in Elkhead Creek were smallest during winter, about 0.0 degrees Celsius (oC), and largest during summer, about 20–25oC.
Concentrations of major ions, nutrients, trace elements, organic carbon, and suspended sediment in Elkhead Creek indicated no substantial within-year variability and no substantial differences in variability from one year to the next. A seasonal pattern in the concentration data was evident for most constituents. The seasonal concentration pattern for most of the dissolved constituents followed the seasonal pattern of specific conductance, whereas some nutrients, some trace elements, and suspended sediment followed the seasonal pattern of discharge.
Statistical differences between station 09246200 (upstream from the reservoir) and station 09246400 (downstream from the reservoir) were indicated for specific conductance, dissolved calcium, magnesium, sodium, and sulfate, acid-neutralizing capacity, and dissolved solids. Trend analysis indicated upward temporal trends for pH, dissolved ammonia plus organic nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus at station 09246200; upward temporal trends for dissolved and total ammonia plus organic nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were indicated at station 09246400. No downward trends were indicated for any constituents.
Annual loads for dissolved constituents during water years 1996–2001 were consistently larger at station 09246400 than at station 09246200, except for silica and sulfate. Mean monthly loads for dissolved constituents followed the seasonal pattern of discharge, indicating that most of the annual loads were transported during March–June. Annual dissolved nutrient loads at stations 09246400 and 09246200 were not substantially different, except for total phosphorus and total nitrogen loads, which were smaller at the downstream station than at the upstream station, most likely due to biological uptake and settling in the reservoir. Mean annual suspended-sediment load during water years 1996–2001 was about 87-percent smaller at the downstream station than at the upstream station.
Temperature in Elkhead Reservoir varied seasonally, from about 0oC during winter when ice develops on the reservoir to about 20oC during summer. Specific conductance varied from minimums of 138 to 169 microsiemens per centimeter at 25oC (µS/cm) during snowmelt inflow to maximums of 424 to 610 µS/cm during early spring low flow (April). Median pH in the reservoir ranged from 7.2 to 8.0 at all sites near the surface. Median dissolved oxygen ranged from 7.1 to 7.2 milligrams per liter (mg/L) in near-surface samples and from 4.8 to 5.6 mg/L in near-bottom samples.
During reservoir stratification, specific conductance generally was largest in the epilimnion, resulting from warm and relatively concentrated water from Elkhead Creek that was routed through the reservoir in the relatively warm epilimnion. The pH in the epilimnion generally increased from May to September, probably a result of algal productivity. In the hypolimnion, pH decreased slightly with depth in the July and September, probably a result of biomass decay processes and a lack of circulation during stratification.
Concentrations of nutrients in both near-surface and near-bottom samples from Elkhead Reservoir were highest during snowmelt inflow (April–May). Total phosphorus concentrations in near-surface samples generally were largest during runoff, whereas total phosphorus concentrations in near-bottom samples generally were largest during July or September. Concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate in near-surface samples were substantially depleted by biological uptake during July, September, and October, compared to near-bottom samples. Variations in concentration of chlorophyll-a in near-surface samples were large during the growing season with peak seasonal concentrations during runoff or late summer and fall. Trophic state for Elkhead reservoir ranged from oligotrophic to eutrophic.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034220","usgsCitation":"Kuhn, G., Stevens, M.R., and Elliott, J.G., 2003, Hydrology and water quality of Elkhead Creek and Elkhead Reservoir near Craig, Colorado, July 1995–September 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4220, 63 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034220.","productDescription":"63 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5243,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034220","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":394607,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_61979.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Craig","otherGeospatial":"Elkhead Creek and Elkhead Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.5667,\n 40.4778\n ],\n [\n -107.2583,\n 40.4778\n ],\n [\n -107.2583,\n 40.6833\n ],\n [\n -107.5667,\n 40.6833\n ],\n [\n -107.5667,\n 40.4778\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a88db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuhn, Gerhard","contributorId":102080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuhn","given":"Gerhard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stevens, Michael R. 0000-0002-9476-6335 mrsteven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6335","contributorId":769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Michael","email":"mrsteven@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":245884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott, John G. jelliott@usgs.gov","contributorId":832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"John","email":"jelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":245885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":52663,"text":"wri034196 - 2003 - Peak-flow frequency estimates for U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations in Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T18:54:29","indexId":"wri034196","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4196","title":"Peak-flow frequency estimates for U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations in Connecticut","docAbstract":"Annual peak-flow data from 128 U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations in Connecticut with at least 10 consecutive years of record were used to estimate peak-flow magnitudes for 1.5-, 2-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100- and 500-year recurrence intervals (exceedance probabilities of 0.67, 0.50, 0.10, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01, and 0.002, respectively). Peak-flow frequency analyses of annual peak flows through the 2001 water year were performed using the procedures in the publication 'Guidelines for Determining Flood-Flow Frequency,' commonly referred to as Bulletin 17B, by the Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data (1982). A generalized skew coefficient of 0.34, with a standard error of prediction of 0.51, was developed to improve peak-flow frequency estimates in the state; this replaces the generalized skew coefficients for Connecticut shown in Bulletin 17B.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034196","usgsCitation":"Ahearn, E.A., 2003, Peak-flow frequency estimates for U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations in Connecticut (ONLINE ONLY): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4196, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034196.","productDescription":"29 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179356,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5161,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034196/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"ONLINE ONLY","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698a26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahearn, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-5633-2640 eaahearn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5633-2640","contributorId":194658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahearn","given":"Elizabeth","email":"eaahearn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":245742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":50885,"text":"fs04803 - 2003 - Real-time surface-water monitoring in New Jersey, 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T11:46:11","indexId":"fs04803","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"048-03","title":"Real-time surface-water monitoring in New Jersey, 2003","docAbstract":"A network of 93 gaging stations that provide surface-water stage, flow (discharge), and tide-level data on a “realtime” basis through satellite, radio, and telephone telemetry is operating (May 2003) in New Jersey through a cooperative effort of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and other agencies. The stream data from these stations are transmitted every 1 to 4 hours and then are immediately posted for viewing on the Internet. This fact sheet describes the “real-time” monitoring network, and the equipment used to measure stage and flow and to transmit the data for viewing on the Internet. Instructions for viewing the data are included.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs04803","usgsCitation":"Schopp, R.D., Stedfast, D.A., and Navoy, A.S., 2003, Real-time surface-water monitoring in New Jersey, 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 048-03, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs04803.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_048_03.jpg"},{"id":4650,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2003/0048/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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Jersey\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648661","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schopp, Robert D.","contributorId":10426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schopp","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stedfast, David A.","contributorId":53429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stedfast","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Navoy, Anthony S. anavoy@usgs.gov","contributorId":2464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Navoy","given":"Anthony","email":"anavoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":242549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70188358,"text":"70188358 - 2003 - Population genetic structure of Santa Ynez rainbow trout – 2001 based on microsatellite and mtDNA analyses ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T10:10:00","indexId":"70188358","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Population genetic structure of Santa Ynez rainbow trout – 2001 based on microsatellite and mtDNA analyses ","docAbstract":"Microsatellite allelic and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype diversity are analyzed in eight rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) collections: two from tributaries flowing into the upper Santa Ynez River watershed at Gibraltar Reservoir (Camuesa and Gidney creeks); three from tributaries between Gibraltar and Jameson reservoirs (Fox, Blue Canyon, and Alder creeks); one from a tributary above Jameson Reservoir (Juncal Creek); Jameson Reservoir; and one from the mainstem Santa Ynez River above the Jameson Reservoir. Both analyses reveal a high degree of population structure. Thirteen microsatellite loci are amplified from 376 fish. Population pairwise comparisons show significant differences in allelic frequency among all populations with the exception of Juncal Creek and Jameson Reservoir (p = 0.4). Pairwise Fst values range from 0.001 (Juncal Creek and Jameson Reservoir) to 0.17 (Camuesa and Juncal creeks) with an overall value of 0.021. Regression analyses (Slatkin 1993) supports an isolation-bydistance model in the five populations below Jameson Reservoir (intercept = 1.187, slope = -0.41, r2 = 0.67). A neighbor-joining bootstrap value of 100% (based on 2000 replicate trees) separates the populations sampled above and below Juncal Dam.
Composite haplotypes from 321 fish generated using mtDNA sequence data (Dloop) reveal four previously described haplotypes (MYS1, MYS3, MYS5 and MYS8; Nielsen et al. 1994a), and one (MYS5) was found in all populations. Mean haplotype diversity is 0.48. Pairwise Fst values from mtDNA range from -0.019 to 0.530 (0.177 over all populations) and are larger than those for microsatellites in 26 of 28 pairwise comparisons. In addition, the mtDNA and microsatellites provide contrasting evidence of the relationship of Fox and Alder creeks to the other six populations. Discrepancies between the two markers are likely due to the unique properties of the two marker types and their value in revealing historic (mtDNA) versus contemporary (microsatellites) genetic relationships. The contrasting results may indicate how relationships among the upper Santa Ynez River populations have changed since the installation of Juncal Dam.
Comparisons of mtDNA haplotype frequencies from fish collected for this study with samples analyzed previously in JLN’s laboratory (1993) reveal significant differences in mtDNA haplotypes for Fox and Alder creeks. In the 2001 samples from this study, there is a loss of three haplotypes despite larger sample sizes. AMOVA analysis of what we term “upper” (Alder, Fox, Blue Canyon, Camuesa, Gidney creeks and the upper Santa Ynez mainstem) and “lower” (Hilton, Salsipuedes and the lower mainstem Santa Ynez River) Santa Ynez River populations (1993-2001) reveal that 11% of the variance in haplotypes is found between the upper and lower drainage. A comparison of the mtDNA data from this study with those available for southern California coastal and California hatchery O. mykiss populations yields Fst values of 0.15 and 0.47, respectively. Differentiation of mtDNA haplotypes for population pairs of Santa Ynez River and hatchery fish show no significant differentiation between wild and at least one hatchery strain in Cachuma Reservoir, Hilton Creek, and the Lower Santa Ynez River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Nielsen, J.L., Zimmerman, C.E., Olsen, J.B., Wiacek, T., Kretschmer, E., Greenwald, G.M., and Wenburg, J.K., 2003, Population genetic structure of Santa Ynez rainbow trout – 2001 based on microsatellite and mtDNA analyses , 29 p.","productDescription":"29 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342199,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Ynes River drainage","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.91233825683592,\n 34.482788036293435\n ],\n [\n -119.90615844726562,\n 34.48052400815731\n ],\n [\n -119.88555908203126,\n 34.47712785074854\n ],\n [\n 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czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, Jeffrey B.","contributorId":174632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olsen","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5128,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiacek, Talia","contributorId":174037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiacek","given":"Talia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kretschmer, E.J.","contributorId":192687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kretschmer","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greenwald, Glenn M.","contributorId":192688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenwald","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wenburg, John K.","contributorId":174634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wenburg","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5128,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70187861,"text":"70187861 - 2003 - A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-11T16:04:27","indexId":"70187861","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"Genetic data are needed to aid in restoring several species of seabirds to the Gulf of Alaska. We analyzed sequence variation in mitochondrial DNA, microsatellite DNA and nuclear introns in samples of commom murres (Uria aalge), pigeon guillemots (Cepphus columba) and marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) from throughout the North Pacific. Data were analyzed using traditional approaches, nested clade analyses and assignment tests. No cryptic species were found, and there was no strong evidence for inbreeding, low genetic variation, or souce or sink regions in any them. Pacific common murres constitute a single genetic management unit (MU), but hybridization occurs between common and thick-billed murres (U. lomvia). In contrast, gene flow in pigeon guillemots is very restricted and population genetic structure is very strong; guillemots from the spill area are part of a MU that extends from the Alaska Peninsula to somewhere between Prince William Sound and Vancouver Island. Marbled murrelets in the spill area are part of a MU that extends from the Alaska Peninsula to at least British Columbia; tree- and ground-nesting murrelets are not genetically differentiated. Little if any hybridization occurs between marbled and Kittlitz's murrelets.
","language":"English","publisher":"Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"Friesen, V.L., and Piatt, J.F., 2003, A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska, 119 p.","productDescription":"119 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342361,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.evostc.state.ak.us/index.cfm?FA=searchresults.projectInfo&Project_ID=610"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","publicComments":"Final Report: Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Restoration Project 00169","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59254a6fe4b0b7ff9fb361bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friesen, Vicki L.","contributorId":59407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friesen","given":"Vicki","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70263734,"text":"70263734 - 2003 - Studies of Alaskan volcanoes using synthetic aperature radar and Landsat imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-20T17:09:03.925353","indexId":"70263734","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T11:05:37","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Studies of Alaskan volcanoes using synthetic aperature radar and Landsat imagery","docAbstract":"Approximately 10 percent of the world’s active volcanoes are located in the Alaskan Aleutian arc and produce about 3-4 explosive eruptions per year. Even with this high amount of volcanic activity, the remote locations and harsh environments of the Aleutian volcanoes conspire to keep them among some of the most poorly studied volcanoes in the world. Space-borne remote sensed imagery can play a significant role in improving our understanding of activity at these volcanoes. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), Landsat imagery, and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) derived from SRTM and the National Elevation Database (NED) are used to study several Alaskan volcanoes. Interferometric SAR (InSAR) techniques with ERS-1 and ERS-2 SAR imagery are used to measure ground-surface deformation, which enables the construction of detailed mechanical models that enhance the study of magmatic and tectonic processes. The 30-year historical archive of Landsat data is used to study land cover change, visualize the ash plumes of Aleutian volcanic eruptions, and to map the extent of lava flows. Differencing two DEMs that represent volcano topography before and after an eruption makes it possible to calculate the volume of extruded materials. This paper provides a progress report on how InSAR, Landsat imagery and digital elevation data can be used to better understand the volcanic processes at three Aleutian volcanoes.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Technology- Converging at the top of the world","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Rykhus, R.P., and Lu, Z., 2003, Studies of Alaskan volcanoes using synthetic aperature radar and Landsat imagery, in Technology- Converging at the top of the world, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482286,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.33036874483844,\n 59.70347743188694\n ],\n [\n -169.1695521105382,\n 59.70347743188694\n ],\n [\n -169.1695521105382,\n 52.600812738063496\n ],\n [\n -152.33036874483844,\n 52.600812738063496\n ],\n [\n -152.33036874483844,\n 59.70347743188694\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rykhus, Russell P.","contributorId":27337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rykhus","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":928003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":928004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":52893,"text":"wri034133 - 2003 - Diffusion and drive-point sampling to detect ordnance-related compounds in shallow ground water beneath Snake Pond, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2001-02","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-09T17:46:08","indexId":"wri034133","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4133","title":"Diffusion and drive-point sampling to detect ordnance-related compounds in shallow ground water beneath Snake Pond, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2001-02","docAbstract":"Diffusion samplers and temporary drive points were used to test for ordnance-related compounds in ground water discharging to Snake Pond near Camp Edwards at the Massachusetts Military Reservation, Cape Cod, MA. The contamination resulted from artillery use and weapons testing at various ranges upgradient of the pond.The diffusion samplers were constructed with a high-grade cellulose membrane that allowed diffusion of explosive compounds, such as RDX (Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) and HMX (Octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine), into deionized water inside the samplers. Laboratory tests confirmed that the cellulose membrane was permeable to RDX and HMX. One transect of 22 diffusion samplers was installed and retrieved in August-September 2001, and 12 transects with a total of 108 samplers were installed and retrieved in September-October 2001. \r\n\r\nThe diffusion samplers were buried about 0.5 feet into the pond-bottom sediments by scuba divers and allowed to equilibrate with the ground water beneath the pond bottom for 13 to 27 days before retrieval. Water samples were collected from temporary well points driven about 2-4 feet into the pond bottom at 21 sites in December 2001 and March 2002 for analysis of explosives and perchlorate to confirm the diffusion-sampling results. \r\n\r\nThe water samples from the diffusion samplers exhibited numerous chromatographic peaks, but evaluation of the photo-diode-array spectra indicated that most of the peaks did not represent the target compounds. The peaks probably are associated with natural organic compounds present in the soft, organically enriched pond-bottom sediments. The presence of four explosive compounds at five widely spaced sites was confirmed by the photo-diode-array analysis, but the compounds are not generally found in contaminated ground water near the ranges. No explosives were detected in water samples obtained from the drive points. Perchlorate was detected at less than 1 microgram per liter in two drive-point samples collected at the same site on two dates about 3 months apart. The source of the perchlorate in the samples could not be related directly to other contamination from Camp Edwards with the available information. \r\n\r\nThe results from the diffusion and drive-point sampling do not indicate an area of ground-water discharge with concentrations of the ordnance-related compounds that are sufficiently elevated to be detected by these sampling methods. The diffusion and drive-point sampling data cannot be interpreted further without additional information concerning the pattern of ground-water flow at Snake Pond and the distributions of RDX, HMX, and perchlorate in ground water in the aquifer near the pond.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034133","usgsCitation":"LeBlanc, D.R., 2003, Diffusion and drive-point sampling to detect ordnance-related compounds in shallow ground water beneath Snake Pond, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2001-02: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4133, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034133.","productDescription":"25 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":4957,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034133/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":177139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts ","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.7958984375,\n 41.582579601430346\n ],\n [\n -69.85107421874999,\n 41.582579601430346\n ],\n [\n -69.85107421874999,\n 42.21224516288584\n ],\n [\n -70.7958984375,\n 42.21224516288584\n ],\n [\n -70.7958984375,\n 41.582579601430346\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d69f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53112,"text":"wri034174 - 2003 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Evaluation of alkaline persulfate digestion as an alternative to Kjeldahl digestion for determination of total and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T18:31:32.758926","indexId":"wri034174","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4174","title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Evaluation of alkaline persulfate digestion as an alternative to Kjeldahl digestion for determination of total and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in water","docAbstract":"Alkaline persulfate digestion was evaluated and validated as a more sensitive, accurate, and less toxic alternative to Kjeldahl digestion for routine determination of nitrogen and phosphorus in surface- and ground-water samples in a large-scale and geographically diverse study conducted by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) between October 1, 2001, and September 30, 2002. Data for this study were obtained from about 2,100 surface- and ground-water samples that were analyzed for Kjeldahl nitrogen and Kjeldahl phosphorus in the course of routine operations at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL). These samples were analyzed independently for total nitrogen and total phosphorus using an alkaline persulfate digestion method developed by the NWQL Methods Research and Development Program. About half of these samples were collected during nominally high-flow (April-June) conditions and the other half were collected during nominally low-flow (August-September) conditions. The number of filtered and whole-water samples analyzed from each flow regime was about equal.By operational definition, Kjeldahl nitrogen (ammonium + organic nitrogen) and alkaline persulfate digestion total nitrogen (ammonium + nitrite + nitrate + organic nitrogen) are not equivalent. It was necessary, therefore, to reconcile this operational difference by subtracting nitrate + nitrite concentra-tions from alkaline persulfate dissolved and total nitrogen concentrations prior to graphical and statistical comparisons with dissolved and total Kjeldahl nitrogen concentrations. On the basis of two-population paired t-test statistics, the means of all nitrate-corrected alkaline persulfate nitrogen and Kjeldahl nitrogen concentrations (2,066 paired results) were significantly different from zero at the p = 0.05 level. Statistically, the means of Kjeldahl nitrogen concentrations were greater than those of nitrate-corrected alkaline persulfate nitrogen concentrations. Experimental evidence strongly suggests, however, that this apparent low bias resulted from nitrate interference in the Kjeldahl digestion method rather than low nitrogen recovery by the alkaline persulfate digestion method. Typically, differences between means of Kjeldahl nitrogen and nitrate-corrected alkaline persulfate nitrogen in low-nitrate concentration (< 0.1 milligram nitrate nitrogen per liter) subsets of filtered surface- and ground-water samples were statistically equivalent to zero at the\r\np =level.Paired analytical results for dissolved and total phosphorus in Kjeldahl and alkaline persulfate digests were directly comparable because both digestion methods convert all forms of phosphorus in water samples to orthophosphate. On the basis of two-population paired t-test statistics, the means of all Kjeldahl phosphorus and alkaline persulfate phosphorus concentrations (2,093 paired results) were not significantly different from zero at the p = 0.05 level. For some subsets of these data, which were grouped according to water type and flow conditions at the time of sample collection, differences between means of Kjeldahl phosphorus and alkaline persulfate phosphorus concentrations were not equivalent to zero at the p = 0.05 level. Differences between means of these subsets, however, were less than the method detection limit for phosphorus (0.007 milligram phosphorus per liter) by the alkaline persulfate digestion method, and were therefore analytically insignificant.This report provides details of the alkaline persulfate digestion procedure, interference studies, recovery of various nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing compounds, and other analytical figures of merit. The automated air-segmented continuous flow methods developed to determine nitrate and orthophosphate in the alkaline persulfate digests also are described. About 125 microliters of digested sample are required to determine nitrogen and phosphorus in parallel at a rate of about 100 samples per hour with less than 1-percent sample in","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/wri034174","usgsCitation":"Patton, C.J., and Kryskalla, J.R., 2003, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Evaluation of alkaline persulfate digestion as an alternative to Kjeldahl digestion for determination of total and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in water: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4174, vi, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034174.","productDescription":"vi, 33 p.","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":4673,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nwql.usgs.gov/Public/pubs/WRIR03-4174/WRIR03-4174.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":120660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4174/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87111,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4174/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bb7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patton, Charles J. cjpatton@usgs.gov","contributorId":809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"Charles","email":"cjpatton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kryskalla, Jennifer R.","contributorId":91563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kryskalla","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53113,"text":"wri034139 - 2003 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of organophosphate pesticides in whole water by continuous liquid-liquid extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography with flame photometric detection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T18:31:06.985839","indexId":"wri034139","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4139","title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of organophosphate pesticides in whole water by continuous liquid-liquid extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography with flame photometric detection","docAbstract":"A method for the isolation of 20 parent organophosphate pesticides and 5 organophosphate pesticide degradates from natural-water samples is described. Compounds are extracted from water samples with methylene chloride using a continuous liquid-liquid extractor for 6 hours. The solvent is evaporated using heat and a flow of nitrogen to a volume of 1 milliliter and solvent exchanged to ethyl acetate. Extracted compounds are determined by capillary-column gas chromatography with flame photometric detection. Single-operator derived method detection limits in three water-matrix samples ranged from 0.003 to 0.009 microgram per liter. Method performance was validated by spiking all compounds in three different matrices at three different concentrations. Eight replicates were analyzed at each concentration in each matrix. Mean recoveries of most method compounds spiked in surface-water samples ranged from 54 to 137 percent and those in ground-water samples ranged from 40 to 109 percent for all pesticides. Recoveries in reagent-water samples ranged from 42 to 104 percent for all pesticides. The only exception was O-ethyl-O-methyl-S-propylphosphorothioate, which had variable recovery in all three matrices ranging from 27 to 79 percent. As a result, the detected concentration of O-ethyl-O-methyl-S-propylphosphorothioate in samples is reported in this method with an estimated remark code. Based on the performance issue, two more compounds, disulfoton and ethion monoxon, also will be reported in this method with an estimated remark code. Estimated-value compounds, which are ?E-coded? in the data base, do not meet the performance criteria for unqualified quantification, but are retained in the method because the compounds are important owing to high use or potential environmental effects and because analytical performance has been consistent and reproducible.","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/wri034139","usgsCitation":"Jha, V.K., and Wydoski, D.S., 2003, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of organophosphate pesticides in whole water by continuous liquid-liquid extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography with flame photometric detection: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4139, vii, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034139.","productDescription":"vii, 26 p.","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":87112,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4139/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":4674,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nwql.usgs.gov/Public/pubs/WRIR03-4139/WRIR03-4139.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":124544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4139/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bb79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jha, Virendra K. vkjha@usgs.gov","contributorId":4380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jha","given":"Virendra","email":"vkjha@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wydoski, Duane S. dwydoski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wydoski","given":"Duane","email":"dwydoski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53546,"text":"cir1196H - 2003 - Manganese recycling in the United States in 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:42","indexId":"cir1196H","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1196","chapter":"H","title":"Manganese recycling in the United States in 1998","docAbstract":"This report presents the results of the U.S. Geological Survey's analytical evaluation program for six standard reference samples -- T-163 (trace constituents), M-156 (major constituents), N-67 (nutrient constituents), N-68 (nutrient constituents), P-35 (low ionic strength constituents), and Hg-31 (mercury) -- that were distributed in October 2000 to 126 laboratories enrolled in the U.S. Geological Survey sponsored interlaboratory testing program. Analytical data that were received from 122 of the laboratories were evaluated with respect to overall laboratory performance and relative laboratory performance for each analyte in the six reference samples. Results of these evaluations are presented in tabular form. Also presented are tables and graphs summarizing the analytical data provided by each laboratory for each analyte in the six standard reference samples. The most probable value for each analyte was determined using nonparametric statistics.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Flow studies for recycling metal commodities in the United States","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/cir1196H","usgsCitation":"Jones, T.S., 2003, Manganese recycling in the United States in 1998 (Version 1.0, Online Only): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1196, p. H1-H9, https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1196H.","productDescription":"p. H1-H9","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4768,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/c1196h/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0, Online Only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ae3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Thomas S.","contributorId":53848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53130,"text":"wri034189 - 2003 - Hydrogeology of the D aquifer and movement and ages of ground water determined from geochemical and isotopic analyses, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:44","indexId":"wri034189","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4189","title":"Hydrogeology of the D aquifer and movement and ages of ground water determined from geochemical and isotopic analyses, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona","docAbstract":"The Navajo Nation and the Hopi Tribe in the Black Mesa area depend on ground water from sandstones of the N aquifer for domestic, agricultural, municipal, and industrial needs. They are concerned that pumping of water from the N aquifer will induce leakage from the overlying D aquifer, resulting in the degradation of water quality in the N aquifer. Water samples from the D aquifer contained higher concentrations of dissolved solids than samples from the N aquifer; however, ground waters in the D and N aquifers evolve similarly along their respective flow paths.\r\n\r\nThe ground-water composition in the D aquifer results from interaction with limestone and sandstone sediments. The ground water evolves from a calcium magnesium bicarbonate type in the recharge area to a sodium bicarbonate type in downgradient areas. 34S data indicate sulfate reduction occurs when ground water comes in contact with lignite seams in the Dakota Sandstone. Adjusted 14C ages for ground water in the D aquifer range from 4,000 to 33,000 years. d18O and d2H data indicate that most of the recharge occurred when the climate was cooler and more humid than at present. 3H data indicate that localized recharge has occurred in some areas in recent time.\r\n\r\nLeakage between the D and N aquifers has been occurring for thousands of years. The area of highest leakage occurs in the southern areas of Black Mesa, where the N aquifer is thin, the predevelopment hydraulic gradient is small, and the vertical head differences between the D and N aquifers are small. Induced leakage from ground-water development in the last several decades could take centuries to detect geochemically because of the increased vertical difference between the potentiometric surfaces of the D and N aquifers, and possibly because of increases in the hydraulic gradient in the N aquifer that would increase flow rates, causing dilution.\r\n\r\n87Sr/86Sr data are consistent with the leakage of ground water from the D aquifer into the N aquifer in the southern part of Black Mesa. 87Sr/86Sr values for the N and D aquifers are similar in this area; statistical means are -2.74 ? and -2.49 ?, respectively, N aquifer 87Sr/86Sr values are more radiogenic than D aquifer values in the northern part of Black Mesa; statistical means are -0.14 ? and -2.49 ?, respectively.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034189","usgsCitation":"Truini, M., and Longsworth, S.A., 2003, Hydrogeology of the D aquifer and movement and ages of ground water determined from geochemical and isotopic analyses, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4189, vi, 38 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034189.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4709,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034189/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":177940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ee4b07f02db615225","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Truini, Margot mtruini@usgs.gov","contributorId":599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truini","given":"Margot","email":"mtruini@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longsworth, Steve A. salong@usgs.gov","contributorId":174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longsworth","given":"Steve","email":"salong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53111,"text":"wri034104 - 2003 - Variations in sand storage measured at monumented cross sections in the Colorado River between Glen Canyon Dam and Lava Falls Rapid, northern Arizona, 1992-99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:46","indexId":"wri034104","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4104","title":"Variations in sand storage measured at monumented cross sections in the Colorado River between Glen Canyon Dam and Lava Falls Rapid, northern Arizona, 1992-99","docAbstract":"Bed elevations were measured at 131 monumented cross sections in the Colorado River between Glen Canyon Dam and Lava Falls Rapid from June 1992 to September 1999 to provide data on channel sand storage. This report documents the location of the 131 monumented cross sections, dates of measurements for all cross sections, methods of data collection and processing, and spatial and temporal variation and variability in changes in cross-sectional area for selected cross sections. Additionally, data were analyzed to determine if changes in sediment storage could be related to main channel flow conditions and tributary sediment inputs. Most of the cross sections showed a limited capacity, both in terms of amount and residence time, to store sediment. Data for 83 of the 131 cross sections were comprehensive and complete, and were used for analyses in this report. This data set is referred to as the primary data set. Of these 83 cross sections, 19 had a net gain in stored sediment, 61 had a net loss of stored sediment, and 3 had no change in stored sediment for the period of data collection, excluding data collected during the high release from Glen Canyon Dam in 1996. A subset of the primary data set consisting of the sections downstream from the Paria and Little Colorado Rivers with measurements made on or nearly on the same day, referred to as the matching-date data set, was used to explore the effects of controlled flows and tributary flows on the changes in cross-sectional area. The matching-date data set consists of data from 57 cross sections. Of these 57 cross sections, 1 had a net gain in stored sediment, 55 had a net loss of stored sediment, and 1 had no change in stored sediment. Results of the analysis did not show that changes in cross-sectional area were strongly related to main channel flow conditions or tributary sediment inputs.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034104","usgsCitation":"Flynn, M., and Hornewer, N.J., 2003, Variations in sand storage measured at monumented cross sections in the Colorado River between Glen Canyon Dam and Lava Falls Rapid, northern Arizona, 1992-99: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4104, vi, 39 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034104.","productDescription":"vi, 39 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4672,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034104/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":173963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49afe4b07f02db5c845e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flynn, Marilyn E. meflynn@usgs.gov","contributorId":1039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Marilyn E.","email":"meflynn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornewer, Nancy J. njhornew@usgs.gov","contributorId":910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornewer","given":"Nancy","email":"njhornew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":52925,"text":"wri034119 - 2003 - Preliminary assessment of microbial communities and biodegradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds in wetlands at Cluster 13, Lauderick Creek area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-17T06:35:26","indexId":"wri034119","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4119","title":"Preliminary assessment of microbial communities and biodegradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds in wetlands at Cluster 13, Lauderick Creek area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland","docAbstract":"A preliminary assessment of the microbial communities and biodegradation processes for chlorinated volatile organic compounds was con-ducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in wetlands at the Cluster 13, Lauderick Creek area at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. The U.S. Geological Survey collected wetland sediment samples from 11 sites in the Lauderick Creek area for microbial analyses, and used existing data to evaluate biodegradation processes and rates. The bacterial and methanogen communities in the Lauderick Creek wetland sediments were similar to those observed in a previous U.S. Geological Survey study at the West Branch Canal Creek wet-land area, Aberdeen Proving Ground. Evaluation of the degradation rate of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and the daughter compounds produced also showed similar results for the two wetlands. How-ever, a vertical profile of contaminant concentra-tions in the wetlands was available at only one site in the Lauderick Creek area, and flow velocities in the wetland sediment are unknown. To better evaluate natural attenuation processes and rates in the wetland sediments at Lauderick Creek, chemi-cal and hydrologic measurements are needed along ground-water flowpaths in the wetland at additional sites and during different seasons. Nat-ural attenuation in the wetlands, enhanced biore-mediation, and constructed wetlands could be feasible remediation methods for the chlorinated volatile organic compounds discharging in the Lauderick Creek area. The similarities in the microbial communities and biodegradation pro-cesses at the Lauderick Creek and West Branch Canal Creek areas indicate that enhanced bioreme-diation techniques currently being developed for the West Branch Canal Creek wetland area would be transferable to this area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034119","usgsCitation":"Lorah, M.M., Voytek, M.A., and Spencer, T.A., 2003, Preliminary assessment of microbial communities and biodegradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds in wetlands at Cluster 13, Lauderick Creek area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4119, vi, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034119.","productDescription":"vi, 19 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174916,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5013,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri03-4119/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4907","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorah, Michelle M. 0000-0002-9236-587X mmlorah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-587X","contributorId":1437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorah","given":"Michelle","email":"mmlorah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voytek, Mary A.","contributorId":91943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spencer, Tracey A.","contributorId":59477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"Tracey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":53110,"text":"wri034138 - 2003 - Simulation of streamflow and water quality in the Red Clay Creek subbasin of the Christina River Basin, Pennsylvania and Delaware, 1994-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-26T15:31:41","indexId":"wri034138","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4138","title":"Simulation of streamflow and water quality in the Red Clay Creek subbasin of the Christina River Basin, Pennsylvania and Delaware, 1994-98","docAbstract":"The Christina River Basin drains 565 square miles (mi2) in Pennsylvania and Delaware and includes the major subbasins of Red Clay Creek, White Clay Creek, Brandywine Creek, and Christina River. The Red Clay Creek is the smallest of the subbasins and drains an area of 54 mi2. Streams in the Christina River Basin are used for recreation, drinking-water supply, and to support aquatic life. Water quality in some parts of the Christina River Basin is impaired and does not support designated uses of the stream. A multi-agency, waterquality management strategy included a modeling component to evaluate the effects of point and nonpointsource contributions of nutrients and suspended sediment on stream water quality. To assist in nonpointsource evaluation, four independent models, one for each of the four main subbasins of the Christina River Basin, were developed and calibrated using the model code Hydrological Simulation Program?Fortran (HSPF). Water-quality data for model calibration were collected in each of the four main subbasins and in smaller subbasins predominantly covered by one land use following a nonpoint-source monitoring plan. Under this plan, stormflow and base-flow samples were collected during 1998 at 1 site in the Red Clay Creek subbasin and at 10 sites elsewhere in the Christina River Basin.
The HSPF model for the Red Clay Creek subbasin simulates streamflow, suspended sediment, and the nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorus. In addition, the model simulates water temperature, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, and plankton as secondary objectives needed to support the sediment and nutrient simulations. For the model, the basin was subdivided into nine reaches draining areas that ranged from 1.7 to 10 mi2. One of the reaches contains a regulated reservoir. Ten different pervious land uses and two impervious land uses were selected for simulation. Land-use areas were determined from 1995 land-use data. The predominant land uses in the Red Clay Creek subbasin are agricultural, forested, residential, and urban.
The hydrologic component of the model was run at an hourly time step and calibrated using streamflow data from three U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamflow-measurement stations for the period of October 1, 1994, through October 29, 1998. Daily precipitation data from one National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) gage and hourly data from one NOAA gage were used for model input. The difference between observed and simulated stream- flow volume ranged from -0.8 to 2.1 percent for the 4-year period at the three calibration sites. Annual differences between observed and simulated streamflow generally were greater than the overall error for the 4-year period. For example, at a site near Stanton, Del., near the bottom of the basin (drainage area of 50.2 mi2), annual differences between observed and simulated streamflow ranged from -5.8 to 6.0 percent and the overall error for the 4-year period was -0.8 percent. Calibration errors for 36 storm periods at the three calibration sites for total volume, low-flow-recession rate, 50-percent lowest flows, 10-percent highest flows, and storm peaks were 20 percent or less. Much of the error in simulating storm events on an hourly time step can be attributed to uncertainty in the rainfall data.
The water-quality component of the model was calibrated using nonpoint-source monitoring data collected in 1998 at one USGS streamflowmeasurement station and other water-quality monitoring data collected at three USGS streamflowmeasurement stations. The period of record for waterquality monitoring was variable at the stations, with an end date of October 1998 but the start date ranging from October 1994 to January 1998. Because of availability, monitoring data for suspended-solids concentrations were used as surrogates for suspendedsediment concentrations, although suspended solids may underestimate suspended sediment and affect apparent accuracy of the suspended-sediment simulation. Comparison of observed to simulated loads for five storms in 1998 at the one nonpoint-source monitoring site at Wooddale, Del., indicates that simulation error commonly is as large as an order of magnitude for suspended sediment and nutrients. The simulation error tends to be smaller for dissolved utrients than particulate nutrients. Errors of 40 percent or less for monthly or annual values indicate a fair to good water-quality calibration according to recommended criteria, with much larger errors possible for individual storm events. Assessment of the accuracy of the water-quality calibration under stormflow conditions is limited by the sparsity of available water-quality data in the basin.
Users of the Red Clay Creek HSPF model should be aware of model limitations and consider the following when predictive scenarios are desired: streamflow-duration curves indicate the model simulates stream-flow reasonably well when evaluated over a broad range of conditions and time, although streamflow and the corresponding water quality for individual storm events may not be well simulated; streamflow-duration curves for the simulation period compare well with duration curves for the 57.5-year period ending in 2001 at Wooddale, Del., and include all but the extreme high-flow and low-flow events; calibration for water quality was based on sparse data, with the result of increasing uncertainty in the water-quality simulation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034138","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Delaware River Basin Commission, Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, and the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Senior, L.A., and Koerkle, E.H., 2003, Simulation of streamflow and water quality in the Red Clay Creek subbasin of the Christina River Basin, Pennsylvania and Delaware, 1994-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4138, x, 119 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034138.","productDescription":"x, 119 p.","numberOfPages":"129","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4138/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":4671,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4138/wri20034138.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.83 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2003-4138"}],"contact":"Director, Pennsylvania Water Science Center U.S. Geological Survey
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