{"pageNumber":"128","pageRowStart":"3175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10457,"records":[{"id":70178683,"text":"70178683 - 2016 - Rock-avalanche dynamics revealed by large-scale field mapping and seismic signals at a highly mobile avalanche in the West Salt Creek valley, western Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T14:51:01","indexId":"70178683","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rock-avalanche dynamics revealed by large-scale field mapping and seismic signals at a highly mobile avalanche in the West Salt Creek valley, western Colorado","docAbstract":"On 25 May 2014, a rain-on-snow–induced rock avalanche occurred in the West Salt Creek valley on the northern flank of Grand Mesa in western Colorado (United States). The avalanche mobilized from a preexisting rock slide in the Green River Formation and traveled 4.6 km down the confined valley, killing three people. The avalanche was rare for the contiguous United States because of its large size (54.5 Mm3) and high mobility (height/length = 0.14). To understand the avalanche failure sequence, mechanisms, and mobility, we conducted a forensic analysis using large-scale (1:1000) structural mapping and seismic data. We used high-resolution, unmanned aircraft system imagery as a base for field mapping, and analyzed seismic data from 22 broadband stations (distances  < 656 km from the rock-slide source area) and one short-period network. We inverted broadband data to derive a time series of forces that the avalanche exerted on the earth and tracked these forces using curves in the avalanche path. Our results revealed that the rock avalanche was a cascade of landslide events, rather than a single massive failure. The sequence began with an early morning landslide/debris flow that started ∼10 h before the main avalanche. The main avalanche lasted ∼3.5 min and traveled at average velocities ranging from 15 to 36 m/s. For at least two hours after the avalanche ceased movement, a central, hummock-rich core continued to move slowly. Since 25 May 2014, numerous shallow landslides, rock slides, and rock falls have created new structures and modified avalanche topography. Mobility of the main avalanche and central core was likely enhanced by valley floor material that liquefied from undrained loading by the overriding avalanche. Although the base was likely at least partially liquefied, our mapping indicates that the overriding avalanche internally deformed predominantly by sliding along discrete shear surfaces in material that was nearly dry and had substantial frictional strength. These results indicate that the West Salt Creek avalanche, and probably other long-traveled avalanches, could be modeled as two layers: a thin, liquefied basal layer, and a thicker and stronger overriding layer.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01265.1","usgsCitation":"Coe, J.A., Baum, R.L., Allstadt, K.E., Kochevar, B., Schmitt, R.G., Morgan, M.L., White, J.L., Stratton, B.T., Hayashi, T.A., and Kean, J.W., 2016, Rock-avalanche dynamics revealed by large-scale field mapping and seismic signals at a highly mobile avalanche in the West Salt Creek valley, western Colorado: Geosphere, v. 12, no. 2, p. 607-631, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01265.1.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"607","endPage":"631","ipdsId":"IP-071133","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471264,"rank":4,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":655190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"White, Jonathan L.","contributorId":177281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":655191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stratton, Benjamin T.","contributorId":177282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stratton","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hayashi, Timothy A.","contributorId":177283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayashi","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":27776,"text":"Mesa County Department of Public 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,{"id":70164327,"text":"70164327 - 2016 - From tails to toes: developing nonlethal tissue indicators of mercury exposure in five amphibian species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-06T13:12:00","indexId":"70164327","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From tails to toes: developing nonlethal tissue indicators of mercury exposure in five amphibian species","docAbstract":"<p><span>Exposure to environmental contaminants has been implicated as a factor in global amphibian decline. Mercury (Hg) is a particularly widespread contaminant that biomagnifies in amphibians and can cause a suite of deleterious effects. However, monitoring contaminant exposure in amphibian tissues may conflict with conservation goals if lethal take is required. Thus, there is a need to develop non-lethal tissue sampling techniques to quantify contaminant exposure in amphibians. Some minimally invasive sampling techniques, such as toe-clipping, are common in population-genetic research, but it is unclear if these methods can adequately characterize contaminant exposure. We examined the relationships between mercury (Hg) concentrations in non-lethally sampled tissues and paired whole-bodies in five amphibian species. Specifically, we examined the utility of three different tail-clip sections from four salamander species and toe-clips from one anuran species. Both tail and toe-clips accurately predicted whole-body THg concentrations, but the relationships differed among species and the specific tail-clip section or toe that was used. Tail-clips comprised of the distal 0&ndash;2&nbsp;cm segment performed the best across all salamander species, explaining between 82 and 92&nbsp;% of the variation in paired whole-body THg concentrations. Toe-clips were less effective predictors of frog THg concentrations, but THg concentrations in outer rear toes accounted for up to 79&nbsp;% of the variability in frog whole-body THg concentrations. These findings suggest non-lethal sampling of tails and toes has potential applications for monitoring contaminant exposure and risk in amphibians, but care must be taken to ensure consistent collection and interpretation of samples.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-016-1616-z","usgsCitation":"Pfleeger, A.Z., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Kowalski, B.M., Herring, G., Willacker, J.J., Jackson, A., and Pierce, J., 2016, From tails to toes: developing nonlethal tissue indicators of mercury exposure in five amphibian species: Ecotoxicology, v. 25, no. 3, p. 574-583, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1616-z.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"574","endPage":"583","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070128","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316419,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b081bce4b010e2af2a1195","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s10646-016-1616-z","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1616-z","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Pfleeger Adam Z., Eagles-Smith Collin A., Kowalski Brandon M., Herring Garth, Willacker James J., Jackson Allyson K., Pierce John R.","journalName":"Ecotoxicology","publicationDate":"1/29/2016","auditedOn":"7/29/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"1/29/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pfleeger, Adam Z.","contributorId":156247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pfleeger","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kowalski, Brandon M. bkowalski@usgs.gov","contributorId":5867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Brandon","email":"bkowalski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Willacker, James J. jwillacker@usgs.gov","contributorId":5614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willacker","given":"James","email":"jwillacker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jackson, Allyson K.","contributorId":156248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"Allyson K.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pierce, John 0000-0003-1148-6889 jpierce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1148-6889","contributorId":156249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"John","email":"jpierce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70168668,"text":"70168668 - 2016 - Climate variables explain neutral and adaptive variation within salmonid metapopulations: The importance of replication in landscape genetics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-13T09:09:12","indexId":"70168668","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate variables explain neutral and adaptive variation within salmonid metapopulations: The importance of replication in landscape genetics","docAbstract":"<p>Understanding how environmental variation influences population genetic structure is important for conservation management because it can reveal how human stressors influence population connectivity, genetic diversity and persistence. We used riverscape genetics modelling to assess whether climatic and habitat variables were related to neutral and adaptive patterns of genetic differentiation (population-specific and pairwise <i>F</i><sub>ST</sub>) within five metapopulations (79 populations, 4583 individuals) of steelhead trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) in the Columbia River Basin, USA. Using 151 putatively neutral and 29 candidate adaptive SNP loci, we found that climate-related variables (winter precipitation, summer maximum temperature, winter highest 5% flow events and summer mean flow) best explained neutral and adaptive patterns of genetic differentiation within metapopulations, suggesting that climatic variation likely influences both demography (neutral variation) and local adaptation (adaptive variation). However, we did not observe consistent relationships between climate variables and <i>F</i><sub>ST</sub> across all metapopulations, underscoring the need for replication when extrapolating results from one scale to another (e.g. basin-wide to the metapopulation scale). Sensitivity analysis (leave-one-population-out) revealed consistent relationships between climate variables and <i>F</i><sub>ST</sub> <i>within</i> three metapopulations; however, these patterns were not consistent in two metapopulations likely due to small sample sizes (<i>N</i> = 10). These results provide correlative evidence that climatic variation has shaped the genetic structure of steelhead populations and highlight the need for replication and sensitivity analyses in land and riverscape genetics.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mec.13517","usgsCitation":"Hand, B., Muhlfeld, C.C., Wade, A., Kovach, R., Whited, D.C., Narum, S.R., Matala, A.P., Ackerman, M.W., Garner, B.A., Kimball, J., Stanford, J.A., and Luikart, G., 2016, Climate variables explain neutral and adaptive variation within salmonid metapopulations: The importance of replication in landscape genetics: Molecular Ecology, v. 25, no. 3, p. 689-705, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13517.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"689","endPage":"705","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059706","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science 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,{"id":70168703,"text":"70168703 - 2016 - Endangered species management and ecosystem restoration: Finding the common ground","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T09:54:00","indexId":"70168703","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1468,"text":"Ecology and Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Endangered species management and ecosystem restoration: Finding the common ground","docAbstract":"<p>Management actions to protect endangered species and conserve ecosystem function may not always be in precise alignment. Efforts to recover the California Ridgway&rsquo;s Rail (<i>Rallus obsoletus obsoletus</i>; hereafter, California rail), a federally and state-listed species, and restoration of tidal marsh ecosystems in the San Francisco Bay estuary provide a prime example of habitat restoration that has conflicted with species conservation. On the brink of extinction from habitat loss and degradation, and non-native predators in the 1990s, California rail populations responded positively to introduction of a non-native plant, Atlantic cordgrass (<i>Spartina alterniflora</i>). California rail populations were in substantial decline when the non-native Spartina was initially introduced as part of efforts to recover tidal marshes. Subsequent hybridization with the native Pacific cordgrass (<i>Spartina foliosa</i>) boosted California rail populations by providing greater cover and increased habitat area. The hybrid cordgrass (<i>S. alterniflora</i> &times; <i>S. foliosa</i>) readily invaded tidal mudflats and channels, and both crowded out native tidal marsh plants and increased sediment accretion in the marsh plain. This resulted in modification of tidal marsh geomorphology, hydrology, productivity, and species composition. Our results show that denser California rail populations occur in invasive <i>Spartina</i> than in native <i>Spartina</i> in San Francisco Bay. Herbicide treatment between 2005 and 2012 removed invasive <i>Spartina</i> from open intertidal mud and preserved foraging habitat for shorebirds. However, removal of invasive Spartina caused substantial decreases in California rail populations. Unknown facets of California rail ecology, undesirable interim stages of tidal marsh restoration, and competing management objectives among stakeholders resulted in management planning for endangered species or ecosystem restoration that favored one goal over the other. We have examined this perceived conflict and propose strategies for moderating harmful effects of restoration while meeting the needs of both endangered species and the imperiled native marsh ecosystem.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Resilience Alliance","doi":"10.5751/ES-08134-210119","usgsCitation":"Casazza, M.L., Overton, C.T., Bui, T.D., Hull, J.M., Albertson, J.D., Bloom, V.K., Bobzien, S., McBroom, J., Latta, M., Olofson, P., Rohmer, T.M., Schwarzbach, S.E., Strong, D., Grijalva, E., Wood, J.K., Skalos, S., and Takekawa, J.Y., 2016, Endangered species management and ecosystem restoration: Finding the common ground: Ecology and Society, v. 21, no. 1, Article 19; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-08134-210119.","productDescription":"Article 19; 15 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071474","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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,{"id":70169274,"text":"70169274 - 2016 - Evaluating geothermal and hydrogeologic controls on regional groundwater temperature distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-22T12:38:26","indexId":"70169274","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating geothermal and hydrogeologic controls on regional groundwater temperature distribution","docAbstract":"<p>A one-dimensional (1-D) analytic solution is developed for heat transport through an aquifer system where the vertical temperature profile in the aquifer is nearly uniform. The general anisotropic form of the viscous heat generation term is developed for use in groundwater flow simulations. The 1-D solution is extended to more complex geometries by solving the equation for piece-wise linear or uniform properties and boundary conditions. A moderately complex example, the Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP), is analyzed to demonstrate the use of the analytic solution for identifying important physical processes. For example, it is shown that viscous heating is variably important and that heat conduction to the land surface is a primary control on the distribution of aquifer and spring temperatures. Use of published values for all aquifer and thermal properties results in a reasonable match between simulated and measured groundwater temperatures over most of the 300 km length of the ESRP, except for geothermal heat flow into the base of the aquifer within 20 km of the Yellowstone hotspot. Previous basal heat flow measurements (&sim;110 mW/m<sup>2</sup>) made beneath the ESRP aquifer were collected at distances of &gt;50 km from the Yellowstone Plateau, but a higher basal heat flow of 150 mW/m<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;is required to match groundwater temperatures near the Plateau. The ESRP example demonstrates how the new tool can be used during preliminary analysis of a groundwater system, allowing efficient identification of the important physical processes that must be represented during more-complex 2-D and 3-D simulations of combined groundwater and heat flow.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015WR018204","usgsCitation":"Burns, E.R., Ingebritsen, S.E., Manga, M., and Williams, C.F., 2016, Evaluating geothermal and hydrogeologic controls on regional groundwater temperature distribution: Water Resources Research, v. 52, no. 2, p. 1328-1344, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018204.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1328","endPage":"1344","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066164","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471280,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository 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,{"id":70187348,"text":"70187348 - 2016 - The road to Yucca Mountain—Evolution of nuclear waste disposal in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T13:21:15","indexId":"70187348","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1574,"text":"Environmental & Engineering Geoscience","printIssn":"1078-7275","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The road to Yucca Mountain—Evolution of nuclear waste disposal in the United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>The generation of electricity by nuclear power and the manufacturing of atomic weapons have created a large amount of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste. There is a world-wide consensus that the best way to protect mankind and the environment is to dispose of this waste in a deep geologic repository. Initial efforts focused on salt as the best medium for disposal, but the heat generated by the radioactive waste led many earth scientists to examine other rock types. In 1976, the director of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) wrote to the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA), predecessor agency of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), suggesting that there were several favorable environments at the Nevada Test Site (NTS), and that the USGS already had extensive background information on the NTS. Later, in a series of communications and one publication, the USGS espoused the favorability of the thick unsaturated zone. After the passage of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act (1982), the DOE compiled a list of nine favorable sites and settled on three to be characterized. In 1987, as the costs of characterizing three sites ballooned, Congress amended the Nuclear Waste Policy Act directing the DOE to focus only on Yucca Mountain in Nevada, with the proviso that if anything unfavorable was discovered, work would stop immediately. The U.S. DOE, the U.S. DOE national laboratories, and the USGS developed more than 100 detailed plans to study various earth-science aspects of Yucca Mountain and the surrounding area, as well as materials studies and engineering projects needed for a mined geologic repository. The work, which cost more than 10 billion dollars and required hundreds of man-years of work, culminated in a license application submitted to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in 2008.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gseegeosci.22.1.1","usgsCitation":"Stuckless, J.S., and Levich, R.A., 2016, The road to Yucca Mountain—Evolution of nuclear waste disposal in the United States: Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, v. 22, no. 1, p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.22.1.1.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"25","ipdsId":"IP-058280","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340682,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59084927e4b0fc4e448ffd50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stuckless, John S. 0000-0002-7536-0444 jstuckless@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7536-0444","contributorId":4974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckless","given":"John","email":"jstuckless@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Levich, Robert A.","contributorId":93374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levich","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70178051,"text":"70178051 - 2016 - Avian response to fire in pine–oak forests of Great Smoky Mountains National Park following decades of fire suppression","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-01T12:51:43","indexId":"70178051","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian response to fire in pine–oak forests of Great Smoky Mountains National Park following decades of fire suppression","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fire suppression in southern Appalachian pine–oak forests during the past century dramatically altered the bird community. Fire return intervals decreased, resulting in local extirpation or population declines of many bird species adapted to post-fire plant communities. Within Great Smoky Mountains National Park, declines have been strongest for birds inhabiting xeric pine–oak forests that depend on frequent fire. The buildup of fuels after decades of fire suppression led to changes in the 1996 Great Smoky Mountains Fire Management Plan. Although fire return intervals remain well below historic levels, management changes have helped increase the amount of fire within the park over the past 20 years, providing an opportunity to study patterns of fire severity, time since burn, and bird occurrence. We combined avian point counts in burned and unburned areas with remote sensing indices of fire severity to infer temporal changes in bird occurrence for up to 28 years following fire. Using hierarchical linear models that account for the possibility of a species presence at a site when no individuals are detected, we developed occurrence models for 24 species: 13 occurred more frequently in burned areas, 2 occurred less frequently, and 9 showed no significant difference between burned and unburned areas. Within burned areas, the top models for each species included fire severity, time since burn, or both, suggesting that fire influenced patterns of species occurrence for all 24 species. Our findings suggest that no single fire management strategy will suit all species. To capture peak occupancy for the entire bird community within xeric pine–oak forests, at least 3 fire regimes may be necessary; one applying frequent low severity fire, another using infrequent low severity fire, and a third using infrequently applied high severity fire.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-15-85.1","usgsCitation":"Rose, E., and Simons, T.R., 2016, Avian response to fire in pine–oak forests of Great Smoky Mountains National Park following decades of fire suppression: The Condor, v. 118, no. 1, p. 179-193, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-15-85.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"193","ipdsId":"IP-065583","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-15-85.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5819a9c4e4b0bb36a4c9102b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Eli T.","contributorId":145699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rose","given":"Eli T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simons, Theodore R. 0000-0002-1884-6229 tsimons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-6229","contributorId":2623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"Theodore","email":"tsimons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70171090,"text":"70171090 - 2016 - Elevated Rocky Mountain elk numbers prevent positive effects of fire on quaking aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>) recruitment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-19T09:51:09","indexId":"70171090","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elevated Rocky Mountain elk numbers prevent positive effects of fire on quaking aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>) recruitment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Quaking aspen (</span><i>Populus tremuloides</i><span>) is the most widespread tree species in North America and has supported a unique ecosystem for tens of thousands of years, yet is currently threatened by dramatic loss and possible local extinctions. While multiple factors such as climate change and fire suppression are thought to contribute to aspen&rsquo;s decline, increased browsing by elk (</span><i>Cervus elaphus</i><span>), which have experienced dramatic population increases in the last &sim;80&nbsp;years, may severely inhibit aspen growth and regeneration. Fires are known to favor aspen recovery, but in the last several decades the spatial scale and intensity of wildfires has greatly increased, with poorly understood ramifications for aspen growth. Here, focusing on the 2000 Cerro Grande fire in central New Mexico &ndash; one of the earliest fires described as a &ldquo;mega-fire&rdquo; - we use three methods to examine the impact of elk browsing on aspen regeneration after a mega-fire. First, we use an exclosure experiment to show that aspen growing in the absence of elk were 3&times; taller than trees growing in the presence of elk. Further, aspen that were both protected from elk and experienced burning were 8.5&times; taller than unburned trees growing in the presence of elk, suggesting that the combination of release from herbivores and stimulation from fire creates the largest aspen growth rates. Second, using surveys at the landscape level, we found a correlation between elk browsing intensity and aspen height, such that where elk browsing was highest, aspen were shortest. This relationship between elk browsing intensity and aspen height was stronger in burned (</span><i>r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;&minus;0.53) compared to unburned (</span><i>r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;&minus;0.24) areas. Third, in conjunction with the landscape-level surveys, we identified possible natural refugia, microsites containing downed logs, shrubs etc. that may inhibit elk browsing by physically blocking aspen from elk or by impeding elk&rsquo;s ability to move through the forest patch. We did not find any consistent patterns between refuge elements and aspen size or canopy cover suggesting that natural refugia are not aiding in aspen recruitment and that&nbsp;</span><i>all</i><span>&nbsp;young aspen were susceptible to browsing. In much of their normal range, aspen are not growing to large size classes, which threatens the future of this iconic species and calls into question the ability of ecosystems to recover from mega-fires. Our results highlight the importance of considering multiple interacting factors (i.e. fire and increased elk browsing) when considering aspen management and regeneration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.020","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.S., Fettig, S.M., and Bowker, M.A., 2016, Elevated Rocky Mountain elk numbers prevent positive effects of fire on quaking aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>) recruitment: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 362, p. 46-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.020.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"54","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067527","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321402,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Cerro Grande","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.42507553100586,\n              35.858309181565716\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.42507553100586,\n              35.881122573005875\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.38971328735352,\n              35.881122573005875\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.38971328735352,\n              35.858309181565716\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.42507553100586,\n              35.858309181565716\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"362","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"573ee3afe4b04a3a6a24acf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David Solance","contributorId":169498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Solance","affiliations":[{"id":25534,"text":"Dept. of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona Univ, PO Box 15018, Flagstaff  AZ  86011; current address: Denison Univ, Dept of Biology, PO Box 810, Granville, OH 43023. Email: smithd@denison.edu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fettig, Stephen M.","contributorId":169499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fettig","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":25535,"text":"U.S. National Park Service, Bandelier National Monument, 15 Entrance Rd., Los Alamos, NM 87544","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowker, Matthew A. mbowker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"Matthew","email":"mbowker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70182744,"text":"70182744 - 2016 - Erosional and depositional history of the Atlantic passive margin as recorded in detrital zircon fission-track ages and lithic detritus in Atlantic Coastal plain sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T15:40:14.335702","indexId":"70182744","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Erosional and depositional history of the Atlantic passive margin as recorded in detrital zircon fission-track ages and lithic detritus in Atlantic Coastal plain sediments","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-1\">Comparison of fission-track (FT) ages of detrital zircons recovered from Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments to FT ages of zircons from bedrock in source terranes in the Appalachians provides a key to understanding the provenance of the sediments and, in turn, the erosional and depositional history of the Atlantic passive margin.</p><p id=\"p-2\">In Appalachian source terranes, the oldest zircon fission-track (ZFT) ages from bedrock in the western Appalachians (defined for this paper as the Appalachian Plateau, Valley and Ridge, and far western Blue Ridge) are notably older than the oldest ages from bedrock in the eastern Appalachians (Piedmont and main part of the Blue Ridge). The age difference is seen both in ZFT sample ages and in individual zircon grain ages and reflects differences in the thermotectonic history of the rocks. In the east, ZFT data indicate that the rocks cooled from temperatures high enough to partially or totally reset ZFT ages during the Paleozoic and (or) Mesozoic. The majority of the rocks are interpreted to have cooled through the ZFT closure temperature (∼235 °C) at various times during the late Paleozoic Alleghanian orogeny. In contrast, most of the rocks sampled in the western Appalachians have never been heated to temperatures high enough to totally reset their ZFT ages. Reflecting their contrasting thermotectonic histories, nearly 80 percent of the sampled western rocks yield one or more zircon grains with very old FT ages, in excess of 800 Ma; zircon grains yielding FT ages this old have not been found in rocks in the Piedmont and main part of the Blue Ridge. The ZFT data suggest that the asymmetry of zircon ages of exposed bedrock in the eastern and western Appalachians was in evidence by no later than the Early Cretaceous and probably by the Late Triassic.</p><p id=\"p-3\">Detrital zircon suites from sands collected in the Atlantic Coastal Plain provide a record of detritus eroded from source terranes in the Appalachians during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. In Virginia and Maryland, sands of Early Cretaceous through late early Oligocene age do not yield any old zircons comparable in age to the old zircons found in bedrock in the western Appalachians. Very old zircons yielding FT ages &gt;800 Ma are only encountered in Coastal Plain sands of middle early Miocene and younger age.</p><p id=\"p-4\">Miocene and younger fluvial-deltaic deposits associated with the major mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain rivers that now head in the western Appalachians (the Hudson, Delaware, Susquehanna, Potomac, James, and Roanoke) contain abundant clasts of fossiliferous chert and quartzite and other distinctive rock types derived from Paleozoic rocks of the western Appalachians. These distinctive clasts have not been reported in older Coastal Plain sediments.</p><p id=\"p-5\">The ZFT and lithic detritus data indicate that the drainage divide for one or more east-flowing mid-Atlantic rivers migrated west into the western Appalachians, and the river(s) began transporting western Appalachian detritus to the Atlantic Coastal Plain, sometime between the late early Oligocene and middle early Miocene. By no later than late middle Miocene most if not all of the major rivers that now head west of the Blue Ridge were transporting western Appalachian detritus to the Coastal Plain. Prior to the drainage divide migrating into the western Appalachians, the ZFT data are consistent with the dominant source of Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments being detritus from the Piedmont and main part of the Blue Ridge, with possible input from distant volcanic sources.</p><p id=\"p-6\">The ZFT data suggest that the rapid increase in the rate of siliciclastic sediment accumulation in middle Atlantic margin offshore basins that peaked in the middle Miocene and produced almost 30 percent of the total volume of post-rift siliciclastic sediments in the offshore basins began in the early Miocene when Atlantic river(s) gained access to the relatively easily eroded Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the western Appalachians.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Science","doi":"10.2475/02.2016.02","usgsCitation":"Naeser, C.W., Naeser, N., Edwards, L.E., Weems, R.E., Southworth, C.S., and Newell, W.L., 2016, Erosional and depositional history of the Atlantic passive margin as recorded in detrital zircon fission-track ages and lithic detritus in Atlantic Coastal plain sediments: American Journal of Science, v. 316, no. 2, p. 110-168, https://doi.org/10.2475/02.2016.02.","productDescription":"59 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"168","ipdsId":"IP-019078","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336324,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"316","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a41e4b01ccd54ff3f9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naeser, C. W.","contributorId":17582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"C.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naeser, N.D.","contributorId":184146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naeser","given":"N.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Southworth, C. Scott 0000-0002-7976-7807 ssouthwo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7976-7807","contributorId":1608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Southworth","given":"C.","email":"ssouthwo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Newell, Wayne L. wnewell@usgs.gov","contributorId":2512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newell","given":"Wayne","email":"wnewell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70192535,"text":"70192535 - 2016 - Ungulate reproductive parameters track satellite observations of plant phenology across latitude and climatological regimes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T13:15:55","indexId":"70192535","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ungulate reproductive parameters track satellite observations of plant phenology across latitude and climatological regimes","docAbstract":"<p><span>The effect of climatically-driven plant phenology on mammalian reproduction is one key to predicting species-specific demographic responses to climate change. Large ungulates face their greatest energetic demands from the later stages of pregnancy through weaning, and so in seasonal environments parturition dates should match periods of high primary productivity. Interannual variation in weather influences the quality and timing of forage availability, which can influence neonatal survival. Here, we evaluated macro-scale patterns in reproductive performance of a widely distributed ungulate (mule deer,&nbsp;</span><i>Odocoileus hemionus</i><span>) across contrasting climatological regimes using satellite-derived indices of primary productivity and plant phenology over eight degrees of latitude (890 km) in the American Southwest. The dataset comprised &gt; 180,000 animal observations taken from 54 populations over eight years (2004–2011). Regionally, both the start and peak of growing season (“Start” and “Peak”, respectively) are negatively and significantly correlated with latitude, an unusual pattern stemming from a change in the dominance of spring snowmelt in the north to the influence of the North American Monsoon in the south. Corresponding to the timing and variation in both the Start and Peak, mule deer reproduction was latest, lowest, and most variable at lower latitudes where plant phenology is timed to the onset of monsoonal moisture. Parturition dates closely tracked the growing season across space, lagging behind the Start and preceding the Peak by 27 and 23 days, respectively. Mean juvenile production increased, and variation decreased, with increasing latitude. Temporally, juvenile production was best predicted by primary productivity during summer, which encompassed late pregnancy, parturition, and early lactation. Our findings offer a parsimonious explanation of two key reproductive parameters in ungulate demography, timing of parturition and mean annual production, across latitude and changing climatological regimes. Practically, this demonstrates the potential for broad-scale modeling of couplings between climate, plant phenology, and animal populations using space-borne observations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0148780","usgsCitation":"Stoner, D., Sexton, J.O., Nagol, J., Bernales, H.H., and Edwards, T., 2016, Ungulate reproductive parameters track satellite observations of plant phenology across latitude and climatological regimes: PLoS ONE, v. 11, no. 2, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148780.","productDescription":"e0148780; 19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-061623","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148780","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347470,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Chihuahuan Desert,  Colorado Plateau, Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.06005859375,\n              33.63291573870479\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.61083984375,\n              33.63291573870479\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.61083984375,\n              42.65012181368022\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.06005859375,\n              42.65012181368022\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.06005859375,\n              33.63291573870479\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ea6ce4b09af898c8cc86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stoner, David","contributorId":191912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stoner","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sexton, Joseph O.","contributorId":191918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sexton","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nagol, Jyoteshwar","contributorId":198512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nagol","given":"Jyoteshwar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bernales, Heather H.","contributorId":198513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernales","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":191916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70177910,"text":"70177910 - 2016 - Geochemistry of formation waters from the Wolfcamp and “Cline” shales: Insights into brine origin, reservoir connectivity, and fluid flow in the Permian Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-24T08:19:21","indexId":"70177910","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-30T19:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of formation waters from the Wolfcamp and “Cline” shales: Insights into brine origin, reservoir connectivity, and fluid flow in the Permian Basin, USA","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract svAbstract \" data-etype=\"ab\">\n<p id=\"sp0085\">Despite being one of the most important oil producing provinces in the United States, information on basinal hydrogeology and fluid flow in the Permian Basin of Texas and New Mexico is lacking. The source and geochemistry of brines from the basin were investigated (Ordovician- to Guadalupian-age reservoirs) by combining previously published data from conventional reservoirs with geochemical results for 39 new produced water samples, with a focus on those from shales. Salinity of the Ca&ndash;Cl-type brines in the basin generally increases with depth reaching a maximum in Devonian (median&nbsp;= 154&nbsp;g/L) reservoirs, followed by decreases in salinity in the Silurian (median&nbsp;=&nbsp;77&nbsp;g/L) and Ordovician (median&nbsp;=&nbsp;70&nbsp;g/L) reservoirs. Isotopic data for B, O, H, and Sr and ion chemistry indicate three major types of water. Lower salinity fluids (&lt;70&nbsp;g/L) of meteoric origin in the middle and upper Permian hydrocarbon reservoirs (1.2&ndash;2.5&nbsp;km depth; Guadalupian and Leonardian age) likely represent meteoric waters that infiltrated through and dissolved halite and anhydrite in the overlying evaporite layer. Saline (&gt;100&nbsp;g/L), isotopically heavy (O and H) water in Leonardian [Permian] to Pennsylvanian reservoirs (2&ndash;3.2&nbsp;km depth) is evaporated, Late Permian seawater. Water from the Permian Wolfcamp and Pennsylvanian &ldquo;Cline&rdquo; shales, which are isotopically similar but lower in salinity and enriched in alkalis, appear to have developed their composition due to post-illitization diffusion into the shales. Samples from the &ldquo;Cline&rdquo; shale are further enriched with NH<sub>4</sub>, Br, I and isotopically light B, sourced from the breakdown of marine kerogen in the unit. Lower salinity waters (&lt;100&nbsp;g/L) in Devonian and deeper reservoirs (&gt;3&nbsp;km depth), which plot near the modern local meteoric water line, are distinct from the water in overlying reservoirs. We propose that these deep meteoric waters are part of a newly identified hydrogeologic unit: the Deep Basin Meteoric Aquifer System. Chemical, isotopic, and pressure data suggest that despite over-pressuring in the Wolfcamp shale, there is little potential for vertical fluid migration to the surface environment via natural conduits.</p>\n</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.01.025","usgsCitation":"Engle, M.A., Reyes, F.R., Varonka, M.S., Orem, W.H., Lin, M., Ianno, A.J., Westphal, T.M., Xu, P., and Carroll, K., 2016, Geochemistry of formation waters from the Wolfcamp and “Cline” shales: Insights into brine origin, reservoir connectivity, and fluid flow in the Permian Basin, USA: Chemical Geology, v. 425, p. 76-92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.01.025.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"76","endPage":"92","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067019","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.01.025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330400,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.7216796875,\n              30.278044377800153\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.41455078125,\n              30.012030680358613\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.38232421875,\n              29.592565403314087\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.38232421875,\n              34.470335121217474\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.8642578125,\n              34.470335121217474\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.7216796875,\n              30.278044377800153\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"425","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5811c0f3e4b0f497e79a5a83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reyes, Francisco R. freyes@usgs.gov","contributorId":5342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reyes","given":"Francisco","email":"freyes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Varonka, Matthew S. 0000-0003-3620-5262 mvaronka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3620-5262","contributorId":4726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varonka","given":"Matthew","email":"mvaronka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orem, William H. 0000-0003-4990-0539 borem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"William","email":"borem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lin, Ma","contributorId":57896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"Ma","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ianno, Adam J.","contributorId":176301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ianno","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Westphal, Tiffani M. twestphal@usgs.gov","contributorId":4815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westphal","given":"Tiffani","email":"twestphal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Xu, Pei","contributorId":176302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Pei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Carroll, Kenneth C.","contributorId":176303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carroll","given":"Kenneth C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70175245,"text":"70175245 - 2016 - Spatial and temporal variation in positioning probability of acoustic telemetry arrays: Fine-scale variability and complex interactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-03T12:37:15","indexId":"70175245","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-28T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":773,"text":"Animal Biotelemetry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal variation in positioning probability of acoustic telemetry arrays: Fine-scale variability and complex interactions","docAbstract":"<div id=\"ASec1\" class=\"AbstractSection\">\n<h3 class=\"Heading\">Background</h3>\n<p id=\"Par1\" class=\"Para\">As popularity of positional acoustic telemetry systems increases, so does the need to better understand how they perform in real-world applications, where variation in performance can bias study conclusions. Studies assessing variability in positional telemetry system performance have focused primarily on position accuracy, or comparing performance inside and outside the array. Here, we explored spatial and temporal variation in positioning probability within a 140-receiver Vemco Positioning System (VPS) array used to monitor lake trout,<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Salvelinus namaycush</i>, spawning behavior over 23&nbsp;km<span>2</span>&nbsp;in Lake Huron, North America.</p>\n</div>\n<div id=\"ASec2\" class=\"AbstractSection\">\n<h3 class=\"Heading\">Methods</h3>\n<p id=\"Par2\" class=\"Para\">Variability in VPS positioning probability was assessed between August and November from 2012 to 2014 using 43 stationary transmitters distributed throughout the array. Various analyses were used to relate positioning probability to number of fish transmitters in the array, wave height, and thermal stratification. We also assessed the prevalence of &lsquo;close proximity detection interference&rsquo; (CPDI) in our array by analyzing detection probability of 35 transmitters on collocated receivers.</p>\n</div>\n<div id=\"ASec3\" class=\"AbstractSection\">\n<h3 class=\"Heading\">Results</h3>\n<p id=\"Par3\" class=\"Para\">Positioning probability of the VPS array varied greatly over time and space. Number of fish transmitters present in the array was a significant driver of reduced positioning probability, especially during lake trout spawning period when the fish were aggregated. Relationships between positioning probability and environmental variables were complex and varied over small spatial and temporal scales. One possible confounding variable was the large range of water depth over which receivers were deployed. Another confounding factor was the high prevalence of CPDI, which decreased exponentially with water depth and was less evident when wave heights were higher than normal.</p>\n</div>\n<div id=\"ASec4\" class=\"AbstractSection\">\n<h3 class=\"Heading\">Conclusions</h3>\n<p id=\"Par4\" class=\"Para\">Some variables that negatively influenced positioning can be minimized through careful planning (e.g., number of tagged fish released, transmitter power level). However, results suggested that the acoustic environment was highly variable over small spatial and temporal scales in response to complex interactions between many variables. Therefore, models that predict positioning or detection efficiencies as a function of environmental variables may not be attainable in most systems. The best defense against biased study conclusions is incorporation of in situ measures of system performance that allow for retrospective analysis of array performance after a study is completed.</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"KeywordGroup\" lang=\"en\">\n<h3 class=\"Heading\">Keywords</h3>\n<span class=\"Keyword\">Vemco Positioning System</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"Keyword\">Positional telemetry</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"Keyword\">Performance</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"Keyword\">Detection probability</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"Keyword\">Close proximity detection interference</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"Keyword\">Thermal stratification</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"Keyword\">Wave height</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"Keyword\">Signal code collision</span></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Biomed Central","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1186/s40317-016-0097-4","usgsCitation":"Binder, T., Holbrook, C., Hayden, T.A., and Krueger, C., 2016, Spatial and temporal variation in positioning probability of acoustic telemetry arrays: Fine-scale variability and complex interactions: Animal Biotelemetry, v. 4, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-016-0097-4.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-072050","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-016-0097-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":326038,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315d1e4b006cb45558ba6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Binder, Thomas 0000-0001-9266-9120 tbinder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9266-9120","contributorId":4958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Binder","given":"Thomas","email":"tbinder@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holbrook, Christopher M. 0000-0001-8203-6856 cholbrook@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8203-6856","contributorId":139681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbrook","given":"Christopher","email":"cholbrook@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayden, Todd A. 0000-0002-0451-0425 thayden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-0425","contributorId":5987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayden","given":"Todd","email":"thayden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krueger, Charles C.","contributorId":73131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krueger","given":"Charles C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70174878,"text":"70174878 - 2016 - Late Paleocene glyptosaur (Reptilia:  Anguidae) osteoderms from South Carolina, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-20T11:42:30","indexId":"70174878","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-27T18:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Paleocene glyptosaur (Reptilia:  Anguidae) osteoderms from South Carolina, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Heavily tuberculated glyptosaur osteoderms were collected in an active limestone quarry in northern Berkeley County, South Carolina. The osteoderms are part of a highly diverse late Paleocene vertebrate assemblage that consists of marine, terrestrial, fluvial, and/or brackish water taxa, including chondrichthyan and osteichthyan fish, turtles (chelonioid, trionychid, pelomedusid, emydid), crocodilians, palaeopheid snakes, and a mammal. Calcareous nannofossils indicate that the fossiliferous deposit accumulated within subzone NP9a of the Thanetian Stage (late Paleocene, upper part of Clarkforkian North American Land Mammal Age [NALMA]) and is therefore temporally equivalent to the Chicora Member of the Williamsburg Formation. The composition of the paleofauna indicates that the fossiliferous deposit accumulated in a marginal marine setting that was influenced by fluvial processes (estuarine or deltaic).</p>\n<p>The discovery of South Carolina osteoderms is significant because they expand the late Paleocene geographic range of glyptosaurines eastward from the US midcontinent to the Atlantic Coastal Plain and provide one of the few North American records of these lizards inhabiting coastal habitats. This discovery also brings to light a possibility that post-Paleocene expansion of this group into Europe occurred via northeastward migration along the Atlantic coast of North America.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/jpa.2016.16","usgsCitation":"Cicimurri, D.J., Knight, J.L., Self-Trail, J., and Ebersole, S.M., 2016, Late Paleocene glyptosaur (Reptilia:  Anguidae) osteoderms from South Carolina, USA: Journal of Paleontology, v. 90, no. 1, p. 147-153, https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2016.16.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"153","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066547","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325475,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"90","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5790a183e4b030378fb47439","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cicimurri, David J.","contributorId":173001,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cicimurri","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":27137,"text":"South Carolina State Museum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knight, James L.","contributorId":113870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean 0000-0002-3018-4985 jstrail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-4985","contributorId":147370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ebersole, Sandy M.","contributorId":173002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebersole","given":"Sandy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27138,"text":"Alabama Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70162630,"text":"70162630 - 2016 - Functional metagenomic selection of RubisCOs from uncultivated bacteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-21T10:56:18","indexId":"70162630","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-27T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1548,"text":"Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Functional metagenomic selection of RubisCOs from uncultivated bacteria","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) is a critical yet severely inefficient enzyme that catalyses the fixation of virtually all of the carbon found on Earth. Here, we report a functional metagenomic selection that recovers physiologically active RubisCO molecules directly from uncultivated and largely unknown members of natural microbial communities. Selection is based on&nbsp;</span><span class=\"fixed-roman\">CO<span>2</span></span><span>-dependent growth in a host strain capable of expressing environmental deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), precluding the need for pure cultures or screening of recombinant clones for enzymatic activity. Seventeen functional RubisCO-encoded sequences were selected using DNA extracted from soil and river autotrophic enrichments, a photosynthetic biofilm and a subsurface groundwater aquifer. Notably, three related form II RubisCOs were recovered which share high sequence similarity with metagenomic scaffolds from uncultivated members of the</span><i>G</i><i>allionellaceae</i><span>&nbsp;family. One of the&nbsp;</span><i>G</i><i>allionellaceae</i><span> RubisCOs was purified and shown to possess</span><span class=\"fixed-roman\">CO<span>2</span>/O<span>2</span></span><span>&nbsp;specificity typical of form II enzymes. X-ray crystallography determined that this enzyme is a hexamer, only the second form II multimer ever solved and the first RubisCO structure obtained from an uncultivated bacterium. Functional metagenomic selection leverages natural biological diversity and billions of years of evolution inherent in environmental communities, providing a new window into the discovery of&nbsp;</span><span class=\"fixed-roman\">CO<span>2</span></span><span>-fixing enzymes not previously characterized.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1462-2920.13138","usgsCitation":"Varaljay, V.A., Satagopan, S., North, J.A., Witteveen, B., Dourado, M.N., Anantharaman, K., Arbing, M.A., McCann, S., Oremland, R.S., Banfield, J.F., Wrighton, K.C., and Tabita, F., 2016, Functional metagenomic selection of RubisCOs from uncultivated bacteria: Environmental Microbiology, v. 18, no. 4, p. 1187-1199, https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13138.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1187","endPage":"1199","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066759","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471307,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1471013","text":"External Repository"},{"id":314934,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ab49c6e4b07ca61bfea54b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varaljay, Vanessa A","contributorId":152628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varaljay","given":"Vanessa","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":18950,"text":"Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Satagopan, Sriram","contributorId":152629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Satagopan","given":"Sriram","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18950,"text":"Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"North, Justin A.","contributorId":152630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"North","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":18950,"text":"Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Witteveen, Briana","contributorId":140866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Witteveen","given":"Briana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13599,"text":"University of Alaska - Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dourado, Manuella N.","contributorId":152631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dourado","given":"Manuella","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":18951,"text":"Department of Genetics, ESALQ, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anantharaman, Karthik","contributorId":152632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anantharaman","given":"Karthik","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18952,"text":"Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California Berkeley, CA 94720, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Arbing, Mark A.","contributorId":152633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arbing","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":18953,"text":"Protein Expression Technology Center, UCLA-DOE Institute, University of California Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McCann, Shelley 0000-0002-9753-7968 smccann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9753-7968","contributorId":149902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCann","given":"Shelley","email":"smccann@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Banfield, Jillian F.","contributorId":152634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banfield","given":"Jillian","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":18952,"text":"Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California Berkeley, CA 94720, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wrighton, Kelly C.","contributorId":152635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wrighton","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":18950,"text":"Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Tabita, F. Robert","contributorId":152636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tabita","given":"F. Robert","affiliations":[{"id":18950,"text":"Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70168486,"text":"70168486 - 2016 - A salt diapir-related Mississippi Valley-type deposit: The Bou Jaber Pb-Zn-Ba-F deposit, Tunisia: Fluid inclusion and isotope study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-15T14:48:34","indexId":"70168486","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A salt diapir-related Mississippi Valley-type deposit: The Bou Jaber Pb-Zn-Ba-F deposit, Tunisia: Fluid inclusion and isotope study","docAbstract":"<p>The Bou Jaber Ba-F-Pb-Zn deposit is located at the edge of the Bou Jaber Triassic salt diapir in the Tunisia Salt Diapir Province. The ores are unconformity and fault-controlled and occur as subvertical column-shaped bodies developed in dissolution-collapse breccias and in cavities within the Late Aptian platform carbonate rocks, which are covered unconformably by impermeable shales and marls of the Fahdene Formation (Late Albian&ndash;Cenomanian age). The host rock is hydrothermally altered to ankerite proximal to and within the ore bodies. Quartz, as fine-grained bipyramidal crystals, formed during hydrothermal alteration of the host rocks. The ore mineral assemblage is composed of barite, fluorite, sphalerite, and galena in decreasing abundance. The ore zones outline distinct depositional events: sphalerite-galena, barite-ankerite, and fluorite. Fluid inclusions, commonly oil-rich, have distinct fluid salinities and homogenization temperatures for each of these events: sphalerite-galena (17 to 24&nbsp;wt% NaCl eq., and Th from 112 to 136&nbsp;&deg;C); ankerite-barite (11 to 17&nbsp;wt% NaCl eq., and Th from 100 to 130&nbsp;&deg;C); fluorite (19 to 21&nbsp;wt% NaCl eq., Th from 140 to 165&nbsp;&deg;C). The mean temperature of the ore fluids decreased from sphalerite (125&nbsp;&deg;C) to barite (115&nbsp;&deg;C) and increased during fluorite deposition (152&nbsp;&deg;C); then decreased to &sim;110&nbsp;&deg;C during late calcite precipitation. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of fluid inclusions in fluorite are metal rich (hundreds to thousands ppm Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe) but the inclusions in barite are deficient in Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe. Inclusions in fluorite have Cl/Br and Na/Br ratios of several thousand, consistent with dissolution of halite while the inclusions analysed in barite have values lower than seawater which are indicative of a Br-enriched brine derived from evaporation plus a component of halite dissolution. The salinity of the barite-hosted fluid inclusions is less than obtained simply by the evaporation of seawater to halite saturation and requires a dilution of more than two times by meteoric water. The higher K/Na values in fluid inclusions from barite suggest that the brines interacted with K-rich rocks in the basement or siliciclastic sediments in the basin. Carbonate gangue minerals (ankerite and calcite) have &delta;<sup>13</sup>C and &delta;<sup>18</sup>O values that are close to the carbonate host rock and indicate fluid equilibrium between carbonate host rocks and hydrothermal brines. The &delta;<sup>34</sup>S values for sphalerite and galena fall within a narrow range (1 to 10&thinsp;&permil;) with a bulk value of 7.5&thinsp;&permil;, indicating a homogeneous source of sulfur. The &delta;<sup>34</sup>S values of barite are also relatively homogeneous (22&thinsp;&permil;), with 6&thinsp;&permil; higher than the &delta;<sup>34</sup>S of local and regional Triassic evaporites (15&thinsp;&permil;). The latter are believed to be the source of sulfate. Temperature of deposition together with sulfur isotope data indicate that the reduced sulfur in sulfides was derived through thermochemical sulfate reduction of Triassic sulfate via hydrocarbons produced probably from Late Cretaceous source rocks. The&nbsp;<sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr ratio in the Bou Jaber barite (0.709821 to 0.711408) together with the lead isotope values of Bou Jaber galena (<sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb&thinsp;=&thinsp;18.699 to 18.737;<sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb&thinsp;=&thinsp;15.635 to 15.708 and&nbsp;<sup>208</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb&thinsp;=&thinsp;38.321 to 38.947) show that metals were extracted from homogeneous crustal source(s). The tectonic setting of the Bou Jaber ore deposit, the carbonate nature of the host rocks, the epigenetic style of the mineralization and the mineral associations, together with sulfur and oxygen isotope data and fluid inclusion data show that the Bou Jaber lead-zinc mineralization has the major characteristics of a salt diapir-related Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) deposit with superimposed events of fluorite and of barite deposition. Field relations are consistent with mineral deposition during the Eocene&ndash;Miocene Alpine orogeny from multiple hydrothermal events: (1) Zn-Pb sulfides formed by mixing of two fluids: one fluid metal-rich but reduced sulfur-poor and a second fluid reduced sulfur-rich; (2) barite precipitation involved the influx of a meteoric water component that mixed with a barium-rich fluid; and (3) fluorite precipitated from a highly saline fluid with higher temperatures.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00126-015-0634-8","collaboration":"Bouhlel, Salah; Leach, David; Johnson, Craig; Salmi-Laouar, Siham; Banks, David","usgsCitation":"Bouhlel, S., Leach, D., Johnson, C.A., Marsh, E.E., Salmi-Laouar, S., and Banks, D., 2016, A salt diapir-related Mississippi Valley-type deposit: The Bou Jaber Pb-Zn-Ba-F deposit, Tunisia: Fluid inclusion and isotope study: Mineralium Deposita, v. 51, no. 6, p. 749-780, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-015-0634-8.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"749","endPage":"780","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070675","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/93472/12/bou%20jaber%20pre%20publication.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":318087,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Algeria, Tunisia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              7.5,\n              33.5\n            ],\n            [\n              7.5,\n              37.5\n            ],\n            [\n              11.5,\n              37.5\n            ],\n            [\n              11.5,\n              33.5\n            ],\n            [\n              7.5,\n              33.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c4563be4b0946c652184dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouhlel, Salah","contributorId":166960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bouhlel","given":"Salah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24581,"text":"Faculty of Sciences University Tunis el Manar","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leach, David","contributorId":41076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marsh, Erin E. 0000-0001-5245-9532 emarsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5245-9532","contributorId":1250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"Erin","email":"emarsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Salmi-Laouar, Sihem","contributorId":166961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salmi-Laouar","given":"Sihem","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24582,"text":"University of Badji Mokhtar Annaba, Algeria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Banks, David A.","contributorId":166966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banks","given":"David A.","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70176649,"text":"70176649 - 2016 - Predicting thermally stressful events in rivers with a strategy to evaluate management alternatives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-21T14:34:53","indexId":"70176649","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting thermally stressful events in rivers with a strategy to evaluate management alternatives","docAbstract":"Water temperature is an important factor in river ecology. Numerous models have been developed to predict river temperature. However, many were not designed to predict thermally stressful periods. Because such events are rare, traditionally applied analyses are inappropriate. Here, we developed two logistic regression models to predict thermally stressful events in the Delaware River at the US Geological Survey gage near Lordville, New York. One model predicted the probability of an event >20.0 °C, and a second predicted an event >22.2 °C. Both models were strong (independent test data sensitivity 0.94 and 1.00, specificity 0.96 and 0.96) predicting 63 of 67 events in the >20.0 °C model and all 15 events in the >22.2 °C model. Both showed negative relationships with released volume from the upstream Cannonsville Reservoir and positive relationships with difference between air temperature and previous day's water temperature at Lordville. We further predicted how increasing release volumes from Cannonsville Reservoir affected the probabilities of correctly predicted events. For the >20.0 °C model, an increase of 0.5 to a proportionally adjusted release (that accounts for other sources) resulted in 35.9% of events in the training data falling below cutoffs; increasing this adjustment by 1.0 resulted in 81.7% falling below cutoffs. For the >22.2 °C these adjustments resulted in 71.1% and 100.0% of events falling below cutoffs. Results from these analyses can help managers make informed decisions on alternative release scenarios.","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","doi":"10.1002/rra.2998","usgsCitation":"Maloney, K., Cole, J.C., and Schmid, M., 2016, Predicting thermally stressful events in rivers with a strategy to evaluate management alternatives: River Research and Applications, no. 32, p. 1428-1437, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2998.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"1428","endPage":"1437","ipdsId":"IP-065139","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328919,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Delaware River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.4815673828125,\n              39.70296052957233\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.498291015625,\n              39.8465036024177\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.4927978515625,\n              40.26695230509781\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.970703125,\n              40.75974059207392\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.6685791015625,\n              40.979898069620155\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.5806884765625,\n              41.335575973123895\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.11376953125,\n              42.13082130188811\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.9432373046875,\n              42.44372793752476\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.574951171875,\n              42.00848901572399\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.8880615234375,\n              41.244772343082104\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.343994140625,\n              40.329795743702064\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.04736328125,\n              39.73253798438173\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.4815673828125,\n              39.70296052957233\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"32","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6cfe4b0bc0bec09cb7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maloney, K.O. 0000-0003-2304-0745","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2304-0745","contributorId":105414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maloney","given":"K.O.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, J. C.","contributorId":51292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmid, M.","contributorId":96000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmid","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70162410,"text":"70162410 - 2016 - Coupled downscaled climate models and ecophysiological metrics forecast habitat compression for an endangered estuarine fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T11:24:24","indexId":"70162410","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-22T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coupled downscaled climate models and ecophysiological metrics forecast habitat compression for an endangered estuarine fish","docAbstract":"<p><span>Climate change is driving rapid changes in environmental conditions and affecting population and species&rsquo; persistence across spatial and temporal scales. Integrating climate change assessments into biological resource management, such as conserving endangered species, is a substantial challenge, partly due to a mismatch between global climate forecasts and local or regional conservation planning. Here, we demonstrate how outputs of global climate change models can be downscaled to the watershed scale, and then coupled with ecophysiological metrics to assess climate change effects on organisms of conservation concern. We employed models to estimate future water temperatures (2010&ndash;2099) under several climate change scenarios within the large heterogeneous San Francisco Estuary. We then assessed the warming effects on the endangered, endemic Delta Smelt,&nbsp;</span><i>Hypomesus transpacificus</i><span>, by integrating localized projected water temperatures with thermal sensitivity metrics (tolerance, spawning and maturation windows, and sublethal stress thresholds) across life stages. Lethal temperatures occurred under several scenarios, but sublethal effects resulting from chronic stressful temperatures were more common across the estuary (median &gt;60 days above threshold for &gt;50% locations by the end of the century). Behavioral avoidance of such stressful temperatures would make a large portion of the potential range of Delta Smelt unavailable during the summer and fall. Since Delta Smelt are not likely to migrate to other estuaries, these changes are likely to result in substantial habitat compression. Additionally, the Delta Smelt maturation window was shortened by 18&ndash;85 days, revealing cumulative effects of stressful summer and fall temperatures with early initiation of spring spawning that may negatively impact fitness. Our findings highlight the value of integrating sublethal thresholds, life history, and&nbsp;</span><i>in situ</i><span>&nbsp;thermal heterogeneity into global change impact assessments. As downscaled climate models are becoming widely available, we conclude that similar assessments at management-relevant scales will improve the scientific basis for resource management decisions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0146724","usgsCitation":"Brown, L.R., Komoroske, L., Wagner, R., Morgan-King, T., May, J.T., Connon, R., and Fangue, N.A., 2016, Coupled downscaled climate models and ecophysiological metrics forecast habitat compression for an endangered estuarine fish: PLoS ONE, Article e0146724; 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146724.","productDescription":"Article e0146724; 21 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066160","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146724","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Grizzly Bay, Honker Bay, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, Suisun Bay, upper San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.3,\n              37.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.3,\n              38.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -121,\n              38.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -121,\n              37.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.3,\n              37.8\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a352afe4b0b28f1183bbce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Komoroske, Lisa M","contributorId":152475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Komoroske","given":"Lisa M","affiliations":[{"id":18933,"text":"NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wagner, R Wayne","contributorId":152476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"R Wayne","affiliations":[{"id":13603,"text":"University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morgan-King, Tara 0000-0001-5632-5232","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-5232","contributorId":32804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan-King","given":"Tara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"May, Jason T. 0000-0002-5699-2112 jasonmay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Jason","email":"jasonmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":589470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Connon, Richard E","contributorId":152478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connon","given":"Richard E","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fangue, Nann A.","contributorId":152479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fangue","given":"Nann","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70162379,"text":"70162379 - 2016 - Differences in energy expenditures and growth dilution explain higher PCB concentrations in male summer flounder","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-08T10:34:26","indexId":"70162379","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-21T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differences in energy expenditures and growth dilution explain higher PCB concentrations in male summer flounder","docAbstract":"<p><span>Comparison of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations between the sexes of mature fish may reveal important behavioral and physiological differences between the sexes. We determined whole-fish PCB concentrations in 23 female summer flounder&nbsp;</span><i>Paralichthys dentatus</i><span>and 27 male summer flounder from New Jersey coastal waters. To investigate the potential for differences in diet or habitat utilization between the sexes, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios were also determined. In 5 of the 23 female summer flounder, PCB concentrations in the somatic tissue and ovaries were determined. In addition, we used bioenergetics modeling to assess the contribution of the growth dilution effect to the observed difference in PCB concentrations between the sexes. Whole-fish PCB concentrations for females and males averaged 87 and 124 ng/g, respectively; thus males were 43% higher in PCB concentration compared with females. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios did not significantly differ between the sexes, suggesting that diet composition and habitat utilization did not vary between the sexes. Based on PCB determinations in the somatic tissue and ovaries, we predicted that PCB concentration of females would increase by 0.6%, on average, immediately after spawning due to release of eggs. Thus, the change in PCB concentration due to release of eggs did not explain the higher PCB concentrations observed in males. Bioenergetics modeling results indicated that the growth dilution effect could account for males being 19% higher in PCB concentration compared with females. Thus, the bulk of the observed difference in PCB concentrations between the sexes was not explained by growth dilution. We concluded that a higher rate of energy expenditure in males, stemming from greater activity and a greater resting metabolic rate, was most likely the primary driver for the observed difference in PCB concentrations between the sexes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0147223","usgsCitation":"Madenjian, C.P., Jensen, O.P., Rediske, R.R., O'Keefe, J., Vastano, A.R., and Pothoven, S.A., 2016, Differences in energy expenditures and growth dilution explain higher PCB concentrations in male summer flounder: PLoS ONE, v. 11, no. 1, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147223.","productDescription":"e0147223; 20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068626","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147223","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314703,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.05334472656249,\n              40.613952441166596\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.432373046875,\n              40.6723059714534\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.9212646484375,\n              40.34654412118006\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.7125244140625,\n              40.157885249506506\n            ],\n 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cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, Olaf P.","contributorId":92159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Olaf","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rediske, Richard R.","contributorId":79053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rediske","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O'Keefe, James P.","contributorId":99499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Keefe","given":"James P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vastano, Anthony R.","contributorId":152434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vastano","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pothoven, Steven A.","contributorId":92998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pothoven","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70174296,"text":"70174296 - 2016 - Do intracoelomic telemetry transmitters alter the post-release behaviour of migratory fish?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T08:35:47","indexId":"70174296","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-20T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Do intracoelomic telemetry transmitters alter the post-release behaviour of migratory fish?","docAbstract":"<p>Electronic tags have become a common tool in fish research, enhancing our understanding of how fish interact with their environment and move among different habitats, for estimating mortality and recording internal physiological states. An often-untested assumption of electronic tagging studies is that tagged fish are representative of untagged conspecifics and thus show &lsquo;normal&rsquo; behaviour (e.g. movement rates, swimming activity, feeding). Here, we use a unique data set for potamadromous walleye (Sander vitreus) in Lake Huron and Lake Erie tributaries to assess whether the lack of appropriate controls in electronic tagging could seriously affect behavioural data. We used fish tagged in previous years and compared their migratory behaviour during the spawning season to fish tagged in a current year at the same location. The objective of the study was to determine whether intracoelomic acoustic tag implantation altered downstream movement of walleye after spawning. Fish tagged in a given season travelled slower downstream from two river spawning sites than fish tagged in previous years. Fish tagged one or two years earlier showed no differences between each other in downstream travel time, in contrast to fish tagged in a given year. Our results support notions that standard collection and intracoelomic tagging procedures can alter short-term behaviour (i.e. days, weeks, months), and as such, researchers should use caution when interpreting data collected over such time periods. Further, whenever possible, researchers should also explicitly evaluate post-tagging effects on behaviour as part of their experimental objectives.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","doi":"10.1111/eff.12275","usgsCitation":"Wilson, A.D., Hayden, T.A., Vandergoot, C.S., Kraus, R.T., Dettmers, J.M., Cooke, S., and Krueger, C.C., 2016, Do intracoelomic telemetry transmitters alter the post-release behaviour of migratory fish?: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 26, no. 2, p. 292-300, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12275.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"292","endPage":"300","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066841","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/11422","text":"External 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,{"id":70168450,"text":"70168450 - 2016 - Evidence for an ice shelf covering the central Arctic Ocean during the penultimate glaciation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-12T12:28:39","indexId":"70168450","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-18T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for an ice shelf covering the central Arctic Ocean during the penultimate glaciation","docAbstract":"<p>The hypothesis of a km-thick ice shelf covering the entire Arctic Ocean during peak glacial conditions was proposed nearly half a century ago. Floating ice shelves preserve few direct traces after their disappearance, making reconstructions difficult. Seafloor imprints of ice shelves should, however, exist where ice grounded along their flow paths. Here we present new evidence of ice-shelf groundings on bathymetric highs in the central Arctic Ocean, resurrecting the concept of an ice shelf extending over the entire central Arctic Ocean during at least one previous ice age. New and previously mapped glacial landforms together reveal flow of a spatially coherent, in some regions &gt;1-km thick, central Arctic Ocean ice shelf dated to marine isotope stage 6 (~140&thinsp;ka). Bathymetric highs were likely critical in the ice-shelf development by acting as pinning points where stabilizing ice rises formed, thereby providing sufficient back stress to allow ice shelf thickening.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1038/ncomms10365","usgsCitation":"Jakobsson, M., Nilsson, J., Anderson, L.G., Backman, J., Bjork, G., Cronin, T.M., Kirchner, N., Koshurnikov, A., Mayer, L., Noormets, R., O’Regan, M., Stranne, C., Ananiev, R., Macho, N.B., Cherniykh, D., Coxall, H., Eriksson, B., Floden, T., Gemery, L., Gustafsson, O., Jerram, K., Johansson, C., Khortov, A., Mohammad, R., and Semiletov, I., 2016, Evidence for an ice shelf covering the central Arctic Ocean during the penultimate glaciation: Nature Communications, v. 7, 10365, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10365.","productDescription":"10365, 10 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,{"id":70162004,"text":"70162004 - 2016 - Cannibalistic-morph Tiger Salamanders in unexpected ecological contexts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-14T10:29:10","indexId":"70162004","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-14T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cannibalistic-morph Tiger Salamanders in unexpected ecological contexts","docAbstract":"<p>Barred tiger salamanders [Ambystoma mavortium (Baird, 1850)] exhibit two trophic morphologies; a typical and a cannibalistic morph. Cannibalistic morphs, distinguished by enlarged vomerine teeth, wide heads, slender bodies, and cannibalistic tendencies, are often found where conspecifics occur at high density. During 2012 and 2013, 162 North Dakota wetlands and lakes were sampled for salamanders. Fifty-one contained A. mavortium populations; four of these contained cannibalistic morph individuals. Two populations with cannibalistic morphs occurred at sites with high abundances of conspecifics. However, the other two populations occurred at sites with unexpectedly low conspecific but high fathead minnow [Pimephales promelas (Rafinesque, 1820)] abundances. Further, no typical morphs were observed in either of these later two populations, contrasting with earlier research suggesting cannibalistic morphs only occur at low frequencies in salamander populations. Another anomaly of all four populations was the occurrence of cannibalistic morphs in permanent water sites, suggesting their presence was due to factors other than faster growth allowing them to occupy ephemeral habitats. Therefore, our findings suggest environmental factors inducing the cannibalistic morphism may be more complex than previously thought.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/amid-175-01-64-72.1","usgsCitation":"McLean, K., Stockwell, C., and Mushet, D.M., 2016, Cannibalistic-morph Tiger Salamanders in unexpected ecological contexts: American Midland Naturalist, v. 175, no. 1, p. 64-72, https://doi.org/10.1674/amid-175-01-64-72.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"72","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063027","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314326,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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,{"id":70160050,"text":"70160050 - 2016 - The effects of heterospecifics and climatic conditions on incubation behavior within a mixed-species colony","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T10:45:19","indexId":"70160050","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-14T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of heterospecifics and climatic conditions on incubation behavior within a mixed-species colony","docAbstract":"<p><span>Parental incubation behavior largely influences nest survival, a critical demographic process in avian population dynamics, and behaviors vary across species with different life history breeding strategies. Although research has identified nest survival advantages of mixing colonies, behavioral mechanisms that might explain these effects is largely lacking. We examined parental incubation behavior using video-monitoring techniques on Alcatraz Island, California, of black-crowned night-heron<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span></span><i>Nycticorax nycticorax</i><span>(hereinafter, night-heron) in a mixed-species colony with California gulls<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span></span><i>Larus californicus</i><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>and western gulls<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span></span><i>L. occidentalis</i><span>. We first quantified general nesting behaviors (i.e. incubation constancy, and nest attendance), and a suite of specific nesting behaviors (i.e. inactivity, vigilance, preening, and nest maintenance) with respect to six different daily time periods. We employed linear mixed effects models to investigate environmental and temporal factors as sources of variation in incubation constancy and nest attendance using 211 nest days across three nesting seasons (2010&ndash;2012). We found incubation constancy (percent of time on the eggs) and nest attendance (percent of time at the nest) were lower for nests that were located &lt; 3 m from one or more gull nest, which indirectly supports the predator protection hypothesis, whereby heterospecifics provide protection allowing more time for foraging and other self-maintenance activities. To our knowledge, this is the first empirical evidence of the influence of one nesting species on the incubation behavior of another. We also identified distinct differences between incubation constancy and nest attentiveness, indicating that these biparental incubating species do not share similar energetic constraints as those that are observed for uniparental species. Additionally, we found that variation in incubation behavior was a function of temperature and precipitation, where the strength of these effects was dependent on the time of day. Overall, these findings strengthen our understanding of incubation behavior and nest ecology of a colonial-nesting species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jav.00900","usgsCitation":"Coates, P.S., Brussee, B.E., Hothem, R.L., Howe, K.H., Casazza, M.L., and Eadie, J.M., 2016, The effects of heterospecifics and climatic conditions on incubation behavior within a mixed-species colony: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 47, no. 3, p. 399-408, https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.00900.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"408","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066910","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314313,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Alcatraz Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.42599725723267,\n              37.8248194145315\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.42599725723267,\n              37.82863288343018\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.42013931274413,\n              37.82863288343018\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.42013931274413,\n              37.8248194145315\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.42599725723267,\n              37.8248194145315\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5698c6b2e4b0fbd3f7fa4be6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brussee, Brianne E. 0000-0002-2452-7101 bbrussee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2452-7101","contributorId":4249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brussee","given":"Brianne","email":"bbrussee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hothem, Roger L. roger_hothem@usgs.gov","contributorId":1721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hothem","given":"Roger","email":"roger_hothem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howe, Kristy H. khowe@usgs.gov","contributorId":147803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howe","given":"Kristy","email":"khowe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eadie, John M.","contributorId":34067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eadie","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6961,"text":"Department of Wildlife, Fish & Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70204449,"text":"70204449 - 2016 - Integrative modelling reveals mechanisms linking productivity and plant species richness","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-24T13:43:37","indexId":"70204449","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-13T13:03:52","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrative modelling reveals mechanisms linking productivity and plant species richness","docAbstract":"<p><span>How ecosystem productivity and species richness are interrelated is one of the most debated subjects in the history of ecology</span><sup></sup><span>. Decades of intensive study have yet to discern the actual mechanisms behind observed global patterns</span><sup></sup><span>. Here, by integrating the predictions from multiple theories into a single model and using data from 1,126 grassland plots spanning five continents, we detect the clear signals of numerous underlying mechanisms linking productivity and richness. We find that an integrative model has substantially higher explanatory power than traditional bivariate analyses. In addition, the specific results unveil several surprising findings that conflict with classical models</span><sup></sup><span>. These include the isolation of a strong and consistent enhancement of productivity by richness, an effect in striking contrast with superficial data patterns. Also revealed is a consistent importance of competition across the full range of productivity values, in direct conflict with some (but not all) proposed models. The promotion of local richness by macroecological gradients in climatic favourability, generally seen as a competing hypothesis</span><sup></sup><span>, is also found to be important in our analysis. The results demonstrate that an integrative modelling approach leads to a major advance in our ability to discern the underlying processes operating in ecological systems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/nature16524","usgsCitation":"Grace, J.B., Anderson, T.M., Seabloom, E.W., Borer, E.T., Adler, P.B., Harpole, W., Hautier, Y., Hillebrand, H., Lind, E.M., Partel, M., Bakker, J.D., Buckley, Y.M., Crawley, M.J., Damschen, E.I., Davies, K.F., Fay, P.A., Firn, J., Gruner, D.S., Hector, A., Knops, J.M., MacDougall, A.S., Melbourne, B.A., Morgan, J.W., Orrock, J., Prober, S.M., and Smith, M., 2016, Integrative modelling reveals mechanisms linking productivity and plant species richness: Nature, v. 529, p. 390-393, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature16524.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"390","endPage":"393","ipdsId":"IP-051258","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/344413","text":"External Repository"},{"id":365909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"529","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, T. Michael","contributorId":203893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":36744,"text":"Wake Forest University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seabloom, Eric W.","contributorId":60762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seabloom","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Borer, Elizabeth T.","contributorId":45049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borer","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adler, Peter B.","contributorId":64789,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adler","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harpole, W Stanley","contributorId":131028,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harpole","given":"W Stanley","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hautier, Yann","contributorId":84065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hautier","given":"Yann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hillebrand, Helmut","contributorId":83655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hillebrand","given":"Helmut","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lind, Eric M.","contributorId":87855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lind","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Partel, Meelis","contributorId":217517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Partel","given":"Meelis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bakker, Jonathan D.","contributorId":15754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakker","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Buckley, Yvonne M.","contributorId":29945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"Yvonne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Crawley, Michael J.","contributorId":80810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawley","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Damschen, Ellen Ingman","contributorId":6177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Damschen","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"Ingman","affiliations":[{"id":16916,"text":"Dept. of Zoology, University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Davies, Kendi F.","contributorId":30346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"Kendi","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Fay, Philip A.","contributorId":51443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fay","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Firn, Jennifer","contributorId":66405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Firn","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Gruner, Daniel S.","contributorId":195507,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gruner","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Hector, Andy","contributorId":102620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hector","given":"Andy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Knops, Johannes M.H.","contributorId":105843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knops","given":"Johannes","email":"","middleInitial":"M.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"MacDougall, Andrew S.","contributorId":39509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacDougall","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Melbourne, Brett A.","contributorId":86473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melbourne","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Morgan, John W.","contributorId":88077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Orrock, John L.","contributorId":18101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orrock","given":"John L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Prober, Suzanne M.","contributorId":74498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prober","given":"Suzanne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Smith, Melinda D.","contributorId":94028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Melinda D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26}]}}
,{"id":70168549,"text":"70168549 - 2016 - A semi-structured MODFLOW-USG model to evaluate local water sources to wells for decision support","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-12T12:50:22","indexId":"70168549","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A semi-structured MODFLOW-USG model to evaluate local water sources to wells for decision support","docAbstract":"<p><span>In order to better represent the configuration of the stream network and simulate local groundwater-surface water interactions, a version of MODFLOW with refined spacing in the topmost layer was applied to a Lake Michigan Basin (LMB) regional groundwater-flow model developed by the U.S. Geological. Regional MODFLOW models commonly use coarse grids over large areas; this coarse spacing precludes model application to local management issues (e.g., surface-water depletion by wells) without recourse to labor-intensive inset models. Implementation of an unstructured formulation within the MODFLOW framework (MODFLOW-USG) allows application of regional models to address local problems. A &ldquo;semi-structured&rdquo; approach (uniform lateral spacing within layers, different lateral spacing among layers) was tested using the LMB regional model. The parent 20-layer model with uniform 5000-foot (1524-m) lateral spacing was converted to 4 layers with 500-foot (152-m) spacing in the top glacial (Quaternary) layer, where surface water features are located, overlying coarser resolution layers representing deeper deposits. This semi-structured version of the LMB model reproduces regional flow conditions, whereas the finer resolution in the top layer improves the accuracy of the simulated response of surface water to shallow wells. One application of the semi-structured LMB model is to provide statistical measures of the correlation between modeled inputs and the simulated amount of water that wells derive from local surface water. The relations identified in this paper serve as the basis for metamodels to predict (with uncertainty) surface-water depletion in response to shallow pumping within and potentially beyond the modeled area, see Fienen et al. (2015a).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12389","usgsCitation":"Feinstein, D.T., Fienen, M., Reeves, H.W., and Langevin, C.D., 2016, A semi-structured MODFLOW-USG model to evaluate local water sources to wells for decision support: Ground Water, v. 54, no. 4, p. 532-544, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12389.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"532","endPage":"544","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066913","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318155,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.97802734375,\n              41.261291493919884\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.84765625,\n              41.261291493919884\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.84765625,\n              46.800059446787316\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.97802734375,\n              46.800059446787316\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.97802734375,\n              41.261291493919884\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c6f93be4b0946c65240718","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feinstein, Daniel T. 0000-0003-1151-2530 dtfeinst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1151-2530","contributorId":1907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feinstein","given":"Daniel","email":"dtfeinst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":620880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reeves, Howard W. 0000-0001-8057-2081 hwreeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-2081","contributorId":2307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Howard","email":"hwreeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Langevin, Christian D. 0000-0001-5610-9759 langevin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5610-9759","contributorId":1030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"Christian","email":"langevin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70162589,"text":"70162589 - 2016 - Paleomagnetic record determined in cores from deep research wells in the Quaternary Santa Clara basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-16T10:46:04","indexId":"70162589","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-07T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleomagnetic record determined in cores from deep research wells in the Quaternary Santa Clara basin, California","docAbstract":"<p>Paleomagnetic study of cores from six deep wells provides an independent temporal framework for much of the alluvial stratigraphy of the Quaternary basin beneath the Santa Clara Valley. This stratigraphy consists of 8 upward-fining cycles in the upper 300 m of section and an underlying 150 m or more of largely fine-grained sediment. The eight cycles have been correlated with the marine oxygen isotope record, thus providing one means of dating the section. The section has also proved to contain a rich paleomagnetic record despite the intermittent sedimentation characteristic of alluvial environments.</p>\n<p>Each well was designed to reach a depth of ~300 m, although 2 were terminated at shallower depth where bedrock was encountered and one (GUAD) was deepened to bedrock at 407.2 m. Cores were taken at intermittent intervals in most of the wells, composing ~20%&ndash;25% of their depths. In GUAD an attempt was made to core the entire upper 300 m, with core recovery of 201.8 m (67%).</p>\n<p>The paleomagnetic framework ranges from the 32 ka Mono Lake excursion near the top of the second sedimentary cycle to below the 780 ka Brunhes-Matuyama geomagnetic reversal beneath the eighth cycle. These ages nicely fit those assigned to the section based on correlation with the marine oxygen isotope record. Several episodes of anomalous magnetic inclinations were also found within the cyclic section in some of the wells. Some of the episodes of anomalous magnetic inclinations are only separated by short normal intervals in a pattern similar to that described for some welldocumented excursions. We consider that a geomagnetic excursion was likely only if the anomalous inclinations were found at approximately the same stratigraphic position in more than one drill hole. A deeper time constraint is provided by the upper boundary (990 ka) of the Jaramillo Normal Polarity Subchron recognized at a depth of 302 m in one deeply penetrating well (GUAD). Approximately 100 m of normal Jaramillo section is evident below that in wells GUAD and EVGR.</p>\n<p>The reversal that we identify as the 780 ka Brunhes-Matuyama boundary, found at depths of 291&ndash;303 m in three wells, indicates an average rate of deposition in this upper section of ~37 cm/k.y. In GUAD, the top of the underlying normally polarized section, which we assign to the upper part of the Jaramillo Normal Polarity Subchron, was found between 301.8 and 304.5 m. The resultant 10 m of reversed polarity section above the Jaramillo seems anomalously short for this 210 k.y. part of the Matuyama Chron, during which several times that thickness of section probably should have accumulated. This observation indicates that a significant unconformity should be present in that short section between the Jaramillo Subchron and the Brunhes-Matuyama boundary. Deeper cores in two wells (GUAD and EVGR) all have normal polarity and seem to represent much of the Jaramillo Subchron, although no base for that subchron was found. The resultant minimum rate of sedimentation for this lower section beneath the unconformity is 170 cm/k.y.</p>\n<p>The Mono Lake (ca. 32 ka), Pringle Falls (ca. 210 ka), and Big Lost (ca. 565 ka) geomagnetic excursions all seem to be represented in the Santa Clara Valley wells. Possible correlations to the Laschamp (ca. 40 ka) and Blake (ca. 110 ka) excursions are also noted. Three additional excursions that have apparently not been previously reported from western North America occur within cycle 6 (between 536 and 433 ka), near the base of cycle 5 (after 433 ka), and near the middle of cycle 2 (before ca. 75 ka).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/GES01217.1","usgsCitation":"Mankinen, E.A., and Wentworth, C.M., 2016, Paleomagnetic record determined in cores from deep research wells in the Quaternary Santa Clara basin, California: Geosphere, v. 12, no. 1, p. 35-57, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01217.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"57","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066289","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471339,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01217.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314921,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Clara Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.89056396484375,\n              37.48684571271661\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.83151245117186,\n              37.400710068740565\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.77520751953125,\n              37.34395908944491\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.7340087890625,\n              37.28060928450999\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.70654296874999,\n              37.21939331752986\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.66259765625001,\n              37.17563718436526\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.69281005859374,\n              37.143898131483034\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.77246093750001,\n              37.18110808791507\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.82601928710938,\n              37.184390439862604\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.94137573242186,\n              37.23251521134915\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.95648193359374,\n              37.20736290925364\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.02377319335938,\n              37.2368886685595\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.06222534179688,\n              37.274052809979054\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.05123901367186,\n              37.29590550406618\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.091064453125,\n              37.33304051804567\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.17071533203125,\n              37.35815085913536\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.17071533203125,\n              37.39525510959719\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.09518432617186,\n              37.42470717168675\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.97845458984375,\n              37.42906945530329\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.93588256835938,\n              37.45087706042972\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.89056396484375,\n              37.48684571271661\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a9f848e4b012c193aa3ed5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mankinen, Edward A. 0000-0001-7496-2681 emank@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-2681","contributorId":1054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankinen","given":"Edward","email":"emank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wentworth, Carl M. 0000-0003-2569-569X cwent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2569-569X","contributorId":1178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wentworth","given":"Carl","email":"cwent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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