Long-term forest soil monitoring and research often requires a comparison of laboratory data generated at different times and in different laboratories. Quantifying the uncertainty associated with these analyses is necessary to assess temporal changes in soil properties. Forest soil chemical properties, and methods to measure these properties, often differ from agronomic and horticultural soils. Soil proficiency programs do not generally include forest soil samples that are highly acidic, high in extractable Al, low in extractable Ca and often high in carbon. To determine the uncertainty associated with specific analytical methods for forest soils, we collected and distributed samples from two soil horizons (Oa and Bs) to 15 laboratories in the eastern United States and Canada. Soil properties measured included total organic carbon and nitrogen, pH and exchangeable cations. Overall, results were consistent despite some differences in methodology. We calculated the median absolute deviation (MAD) for each measurement and considered the acceptable range to be the median 6 2.5 3 MAD. Variability among laboratories was usually as low as the typical variability within a laboratory. A few areas of concern include a lack of consistency in the measurement and expression of results on a dry weight basis, relatively high variability in the C/N ratio in the Bs horizon, challenges associated with determining exchangeable cations at concentrations near the lower reporting range of some laboratories and the operationally defined nature of aluminum extractability. Recommendations include a continuation of reference forest soil exchange programs to quantify the uncertainty associated with these analyses in conjunction with ongoing efforts to review and standardize laboratory methods.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1890/ES14-00209.1","collaboration":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; USGS","usgsCitation":"Ross, D., Bailiey, S.W., Briggs, R., Curry, J., Fernandez, I.J., Fredriksen, G., Goodale, C.L., Hazlett, P.W., Heine, P.R., Johnson, C.E., Larson, J.T., Lawrence, G.B., Kolka, R.K., , O., Pare, D., Richter, D.D., Shirmer, C.D., and Warby, R.A., 2015, Inter-laboratory variation in the chemical analysis of acidic forest soil reference samples from eastern North America: Ecosphere, v. 6, no. 5, p. 1-22, https://doi.org/10.1890/ES14-00209.1.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060718","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es14-00209.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555b0d50e4b0a92fa7eac62b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Donald S.","contributorId":9565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Donald S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailiey, Scott W","contributorId":140803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bailiey","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":13575,"text":"Research Geologist, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, USDA Forest Service, North Woodstock, NH","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Russell D","contributorId":140804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Briggs","given":"Russell D","affiliations":[{"id":13576,"text":"Professor, Div of Environmental Science, SUNY College of ESF, Syracuse NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Curry, Johanna","contributorId":140805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Curry","given":"Johanna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13577,"text":"Supervisor, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. 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2015 - Groundwater movement, recharge, and perchlorate occurrence in a faulted alluvial aquifer in California (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-29T15:41:21.049913","indexId":"70159354","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater movement, recharge, and perchlorate occurrence in a faulted alluvial aquifer in California (USA)","docAbstract":"Perchlorate from military, industrial, and legacy agricultural sources is present within an alluvial aquifer in the Rialto-Colton groundwater subbasin, 80 km east of Los Angeles, California (USA). The area is extensively faulted, with water-level differences exceeding 60 m across parts of the Rialto-Colton Fault separating the Rialto-Colton and Chino groundwater subbasins. Coupled well-bore flow and depth-dependent water-quality data show decreases in well yield and changes in water chemistry and isotopic composition, reflecting changing aquifer properties and groundwater recharge sources with depth. Perchlorate movement through some wells under unpumped conditions from shallower to deeper layers underlying mapped plumes was as high as 13 kg/year. Water-level maps suggest potential groundwater movement across the Rialto-Colton Fault through an overlying perched aquifer. Upward flow through a well in the Chino subbasin near the Rialto-Colton Fault suggests potential groundwater movement across the fault through permeable layers within partly consolidated deposits at depth. Although potentially important locally, movement of groundwater from the Rialto-Colton subbasin has not resulted in widespread occurrence of perchlorate within the Chino subbasin. Nitrate and perchlorate concentrations at the water table, associated with legacy agricultural fertilizer use, may be underestimated by data from long-screened wells that mix water from different depths within the aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-014-1217-y","usgsCitation":"Izbicki, J.A., Teague, N.F., Hatzinger, P.B., Bohlke, J.K., and Sturchio, N.C., 2015, Groundwater movement, recharge, and perchlorate occurrence in a faulted alluvial aquifer in California (USA): Hydrogeology Journal, v. 23, no. 3, p. 467-491, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-014-1217-y.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"467","endPage":"491","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043911","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310773,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":385546,"rank":2,"type":{"id":42,"text":"Open Access USGS Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70159354/Izbicki_May2015_article_HydrogeologyJournal_v23_p467-491.pdf","text":"USGS open-access version of article","size":"6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":385547,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70159354/ESM_Izbicki_May2015_article_HydrogeologyJournal_v23_p467-491.pdf","text":"USGS open-access version of supplemental material","size":"2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Chino subbasin, Rialto-colton subbasin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.50701904296875,\n 34.35477416538757\n ],\n [\n -117.98217773437499,\n 34.687427949314845\n ],\n [\n -118.0975341796875,\n 34.472599425831355\n ],\n [\n -117.9766845703125,\n 34.03900467904445\n ],\n [\n -117.11700439453125,\n 33.715201644740844\n ],\n [\n -117.10052490234375,\n 33.84532650276791\n ],\n [\n -117.50701904296875,\n 34.35477416538757\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5633433ce4b048076347eec9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Izbicki, John A. 0000-0003-0816-4408 jaizbick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":149374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"John","email":"jaizbick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Teague, Nicholas F. 0000-0001-5289-1210 nteague@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5289-1210","contributorId":2145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teague","given":"Nicholas","email":"nteague@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatzinger, Paul B.","contributorId":149376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatzinger","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17721,"text":"Shaw Environmental, Princeton, NJ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bohlke, John Karl 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":127841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"John","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Karl","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - 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We used mitochondrial D-loop DNA sequences and 15 nuclear microsatellite loci to determine population connectivity among Ozark big-eared bat caves. Assessment of 7 caves revealed a haplotype not detected in a previous study (2002–2003) and gene flow among colonies in eastern Oklahoma. Our data suggest genetic mixing of individuals, which may be occurring at nearby swarming sites in the autumn. Further evidence of limited gene flow between caves in Oklahoma with a cave in Arkansas highlights the importance of including samples from geographically widespread caves to fully understand gene flow in this subspecies. It appears autumn swarming sites and winter hibernacula play an important role in providing opportunities for mating; therefore, we suggest protection of these sites, maternity caves, and surrounding habitat to facilitate gene flow among populations of Ozark big-eared bats.
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","language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","usgsCitation":"Haynes, J.T., Goggin, K.E., and Orndorff, R.C., 2015, Ordovician of Germany Valley, West Virginia: 12th International Symposium on the Ordovician System mid-conference field trip: Stratigraphy, v. 12, no. 2, p. 252-288.","productDescription":"37 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"288","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066704","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308057,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":308056,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.micropress.org/microaccess/stratigraphy/issue-317/article-1930"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Germany Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.573974609375,\n 38.487994609214795\n ],\n [\n -78.84063720703124,\n 38.487994609214795\n ],\n [\n -78.84063720703124,\n 39.3279240176903\n ],\n [\n -79.573974609375,\n 39.3279240176903\n ],\n [\n -79.573974609375,\n 38.487994609214795\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f2a9bee4b0dacf699ec6c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haynes, John T.","contributorId":54842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haynes","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goggin, Keith E.","contributorId":147155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goggin","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16797,"text":"Weatherford Laboratories","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orndorff, Randall C. 0000-0002-8956-5803 rorndorf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-5803","contributorId":2739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"Randall","email":"rorndorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157064,"text":"70157064 - 2015 - Comparison of three preservation techniques for slowing dissolution of calcareous nannofossils in organic rich sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T10:59:46","indexId":"70157064","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of three preservation techniques for slowing dissolution of calcareous nannofossils in organic rich sediments","docAbstract":"In an attempt to halt or reduce dissolution of calcareous nannofossils in organic and/or pyrite-rich sediments, three different methods of short-term storage preservation were tested for efficacy: vacuum packing, argon gas replacement, and buffered water. Abundance counts of calcareous nannofossil assemblages over a six month period showed that none of the three preservation methods were consistently effective in reducing assemblage loss due to dissolution. In most cases, the control slides made at the drill site had more abundant calcareous nannofossil assemblages than those slides made from sediments stored via vacuum packing, argon gas replacement, or buffered water. Thin section and XRD analyses showed that in most cases, <1% pyrite was needed to drive the oxidation-reduction reaction that resulted in dissolution, even in carbonate-rich sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","usgsCitation":"Seefelt, E., Self-Trail, J., and Schultz, A.P., 2015, Comparison of three preservation techniques for slowing dissolution of calcareous nannofossils in organic rich sediments: Micropaleontology, v. 61, no. 3, p. 149-164.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"164","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063641","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308498,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":308497,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.micropress.org/microaccess/micropaleontology/issue-315/article-1920"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.47558593749999,\n 34.52918706954935\n ],\n [\n -77.47558593749999,\n 34.68291096793206\n ],\n [\n -77.266845703125,\n 34.68291096793206\n ],\n [\n -77.266845703125,\n 34.52918706954935\n ],\n [\n -77.47558593749999,\n 34.52918706954935\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.5240478515625,\n 32.17096283641326\n ],\n [\n -81.5240478515625,\n 32.2801666335657\n ],\n [\n -81.37847900390625,\n 32.2801666335657\n ],\n [\n -81.37847900390625,\n 32.17096283641326\n ],\n [\n -81.5240478515625,\n 32.17096283641326\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.11328125,\n 38.856820134743636\n ],\n [\n -76.11328125,\n 39.06184913429154\n ],\n [\n -75.8056640625,\n 39.06184913429154\n ],\n [\n -75.8056640625,\n 38.856820134743636\n ],\n [\n -76.11328125,\n 38.856820134743636\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56051ebae4b058f706e512b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seefelt, Ellen 0000-0001-6822-7402 eseefelt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6822-7402","contributorId":2953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seefelt","given":"Ellen","email":"eseefelt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean 0000-0002-3018-4985 jstrail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-4985","contributorId":147370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schultz, Arthur P. aschultz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Arthur","email":"aschultz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157068,"text":"70157068 - 2015 - Modelling the enigmatic Late Pliocene Glacial Event - Marine Isotope Stage M2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-24T11:31:23","indexId":"70157068","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling the enigmatic Late Pliocene Glacial Event - Marine Isotope Stage M2","docAbstract":"The Pliocene Epoch (5.2 to 2.58 Ma) has often been targeted to investigate the nature of warm climates. However, climate records for the Pliocene exhibit significant variability and show intervals that apparently experienced a cooler than modern climate. Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) M2 (~ 3.3 Ma) is a globally recognisable cooling event that disturbs an otherwise relatively (compared to present-day) warm background climate state. It remains unclear whether this event corresponds to significant ice sheet build-up in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere. Estimates of sea level for this interval vary, and range from modern values to estimates of 65 m sea level fall with respect to present day. Here we implement plausible M2 ice sheet configurations into a coupled atmosphere–ocean climate model to test the hypothesis that larger-than-modern ice sheet configurations may have existed at M2. Climate model results are compared with proxy climate data available for M2 to assess the plausibility of each ice sheet configuration. Whilst the outcomes of our data/model comparisons are not in all cases straight forward to interpret, there is little indication that results from model simulations in which significant ice masses have been prescribed in the Northern Hemisphere are incompatible with proxy data from the North Atlantic, Northeast Arctic Russia, North Africa and the Southern Ocean. Therefore, our model results do not preclude the possibility of the existence of larger ice masses during M2 in the Northern or Southern Hemisphere. Specifically they are not able to discount the possibility of significant ice masses in the Northern Hemisphere during the M2 event, consistent with a global sea-level fall of between 40 m and 60 m. This study highlights the general need for more focused and coordinated data generation in the future to improve the coverage and consistency in proxy records for M2, which will allow these and future M2 sensitivity tests to be interrogated further.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.02.001","usgsCitation":"Dolan, A.M., Haywood, A.M., Hunter, S.J., Tindall, J.C., Dowsett, H.J., Hill, D.J., and Pickering, S.J., 2015, Modelling the enigmatic Late Pliocene Glacial Event - Marine Isotope Stage M2: Global and Planetary Change, v. 128, p. 47-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.02.001.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"60","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062746","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.02.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308499,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"128","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56051edbe4b058f706e512f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dolan, Aisling M.","contributorId":30117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolan","given":"Aisling","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haywood, Alan M.","contributorId":86663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haywood","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunter, Stephen J.","contributorId":55711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tindall, Julia C.","contributorId":147376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tindall","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 hdowsett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"hdowsett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hill, Daniel J.","contributorId":80993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pickering, Steven J.","contributorId":147378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pickering","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70189102,"text":"70189102 - 2015 - What lies beneath: geophysical mapping of a concealed Precambrian intrusive complex along the Iowa–Minnesota border","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T16:05:51","indexId":"70189102","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What lies beneath: geophysical mapping of a concealed Precambrian intrusive complex along the Iowa–Minnesota border","docAbstract":"Large-amplitude gravity and magnetic highs over northeast Iowa are interpreted to reflect a buried intrusive complex composed of mafic–ultramafic rocks, the northeast Iowa intrusive complex (NEIIC), intruding Yavapai province (1.8–1.72 Ga) rocks. The age of the complex is unproven, although it has been considered to be Keweenawan (∼1.1 Ga). Because only four boreholes reach the complex, which is covered by 200–700 m of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, geophysical methods are critical to developing a better understanding of the nature and mineral resource potential of the NEIIC. Lithologic and cross-cutting relations interpreted from high-resolution aeromagnetic and airborne gravity gradient data are presented in the form of a preliminary geologic map of the basement Precambrian rocks. Numerous magnetic anomalies are coincident with airborne gravity gradient (AGG) highs, indicating widespread strongly magnetized and dense rocks of likely mafic–ultramafic composition. A Yavapai-age metagabbro unit is interpreted to be part of a layered intrusion with subvertical dip. Another presumed Yavapai unit has low density and weak magnetization, observations consistent with felsic plutons. Northeast-trending, linear magnetic lows are interpreted to reflect reversely magnetized diabase dikes and have properties consistent with Keweenawan rocks. The interpreted dikes are cut in places by normally magnetized mafic–ultramafic rocks, suggesting that the latter represent younger Keweenawan rocks. Distinctive horseshoe-shaped magnetic and AGG highs correspond with a known gabbro, and surround rocks with weaker magnetization and lower density. Here, informally called the Decorah complex, the source body has notable geophysical similarities to Keweenawan alkaline ring complexes, such as the Coldwell and Killala Lake complexes, and Mesoproterozoic anorogenic complexes, such as the Kiglapait, Hettasch, and Voisey’s Bay intrusions in Labrador. Results presented here suggest that much of the NEIIC is composed of such complexes, and broadly speaking, may be a discontinuous group of several intrusive bodies. Most units are cut by suspected northwest-trending faults imaged as magnetic lineaments, and one produces apparent sinistral fault separation of a dike in the eastern part of the survey area. The location, trend, and apparent sinistral sense of motion are consistent with the suspected faults being part of the Belle Plaine fault zone, a complex transform fault zone within the Midcontinent rift system that is here proposed to correspond with a major structural discontinuity.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjes-2014-0178","usgsCitation":"Drenth, B.J., Anderson, R.R., Schulz, K.J., Feinberg, J.M., Chandler, V.W., and Cannon, W.F., 2015, What lies beneath: geophysical mapping of a concealed Precambrian intrusive complex along the Iowa–Minnesota border: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 52, no. 5, p. 279-293, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2014-0178.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"293","ipdsId":"IP-060373","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343183,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota","volume":"52","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611bae4b0d1f9f0506774","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drenth, Benjamin J. 0000-0002-3954-8124 bdrenth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-8124","contributorId":1315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenth","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdrenth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Raymond R.","contributorId":194009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schulz, Klaus J. 0000-0003-2967-4765 kschulz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2967-4765","contributorId":2438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"Klaus","email":"kschulz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Feinberg, Joshua M.","contributorId":194010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feinberg","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chandler, Val W.","contributorId":194011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chandler","given":"Val","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cannon, William F. 0000-0002-2699-8118 wcannon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":1883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"William","email":"wcannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70140267,"text":"sim3320 - 2015 - Geologic map of the Montauk quadrangle, Dent, Texas, and Shannon Counties, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-24T14:11:13","indexId":"sim3320","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3320","title":"Geologic map of the Montauk quadrangle, Dent, Texas, and Shannon Counties, Missouri","docAbstract":"The Montauk 7.5-minute quadrangle is located in south-central Missouri within the Salem Plateau region of the Ozark Plateaus physiographic province. About 2,000 feet (ft) of flat-lying to gently dipping lower Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, mostly dolomite, chert, sandstone, and orthoquartzite, overlie Mesoproterozoic igneous basement rocks. Unconsolidated residuum, colluvium, terrace deposits, and alluvium overlie the sedimentary rocks. Numerous karst features, such as caves, springs, and sinkholes, have formed in the carbonate rocks. Many streams are spring fed. The topography is a dissected karst plain with elevations ranging from approximately 830 ft where the Current River exits the middle-eastern edge of the quadrangle to about 1,320 ft in sec. 16, T. 31 N., R. 7 W., in the southwestern part of the quadrangle. The most prominent physiographic features within the quadrangle are the deeply incised valleys of the Current River and its major tributaries located in the center of the map area. The Montauk quadrangle is named for Montauk Springs, a cluster of several springs that resurge in sec. 22, T. 32 N., R. 7 W. These springs supply clean, cold water for the Montauk Fish Hatchery, and the addition of their flow to that of Pigeon Creek produces the headwaters of the Current River, the centerpiece of the Ozark National Scenic Riverways park. Most of the land in the quadrangle is privately owned and used primarily for grazing cattle and horses and growing timber. A smaller portion of the land within the quadrangle is publicly owned by either Montauk State Park or the Ozark National Scenic Riverways (National Park Service). Geologic mapping for this investigation was conducted in 2007 and 2009.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3320","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 52.43 x 30.16 inches; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050817","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300000,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3320.jpg"},{"id":299998,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3320/downloads","text":"Downloads Directory","description":"Downloads Directory","linkHelpText":"Contains: geospatial database. Refer to the Metadata.zip (55 KB), MontaukGeodatabase.zip (10.3 MB), and Shapefiles.zip (1.06 MB) files for more information."},{"id":299996,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3320/"},{"id":299997,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3320/pdf/sim3320.pdf","text":"Report","size":"21 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Dent County, Shannon County, Texas County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.10937499999999,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -92.10937499999999,\n 37.68382032669382\n ],\n [\n -91.14257812499999,\n 37.68382032669382\n ],\n [\n -91.14257812499999,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -92.10937499999999,\n 37.00255267215955\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
http://geology.er.usgs.gov/egpsc/
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts baseline and storm response photography missions to document and understand the changes in vulnerability of the Nation's coasts to extreme storms. The remnants of Tropical Storm Ida intensified to become a nor'easter (herein referred to as Nor'Ida). On December 4, 2009, the USGS conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey from Ocean City, Maryland, to Hatteras, North Carolina, aboard a U.S. Coast Guard HH60 helicopter at an altitude of 500 feet (ft) and approximately 1,200 ft offshore. This mission was flown to collect post-Nor'Ida data for assessing incremental changes since the last surveys, flown in 2008 and 2009, and the data can be used in the assessment of future coastal change.
\nThe images provided in this report are Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images. Exiftool was used to add the following to the header of each photo: time of collection, Global Positioning System (GPS) latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. The photograph locations are an estimate of the position of the aircraft and do not indicate the location of any feature in the images. These photographs document the configuration of the barrier islands and other coastal features at the time of the survey.
\nTable 1 provides detailed information about the GPS location, name, date, and time each of the 2,381 photographs was taken along with links to each photograph. The photography is organized into segments, also referred to as contact sheets. Each segment represents approximately 5 minutes of flight time.
\nIn addition to the photographs, a Google Earth Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file is provided and can be used to view the images by clicking on the marker and then clicking on either the thumbnail or the link above the thumbnail. The KML files were created using the photographic navigation files.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds930","usgsCitation":"Morgan, K., Krohn, M.D., and Guy, K., 2015, Post-Nor'Ida coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Ocean City, Maryland, to Hatteras, North Carolina, December 4, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 930, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds930.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-12-04","temporalEnd":"2009-12-04","ipdsId":"IP-062551","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299925,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds930.jpg"},{"id":299923,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/"},{"id":299924,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/ds930_title.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, North Carolina, Virginia","city":"Hatteras, Ocean City","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.07507324218749,\n 38.449286817153556\n ],\n [\n -74.87182617187499,\n 38.363195134453846\n ],\n [\n -74.92675781249999,\n 38.212288054388175\n ],\n [\n -74.94873046875,\n 38.013476231041935\n ],\n [\n -75.025634765625,\n 37.87485339352928\n ],\n [\n -75.08056640625,\n 37.74031329210266\n ],\n [\n -75.21240234375,\n 37.53150992479082\n ],\n [\n -75.35522460937499,\n 37.487935401689846\n ],\n [\n -75.4925537109375,\n 37.38325280195101\n ],\n [\n -75.552978515625,\n 37.26530995561875\n ],\n [\n -75.59692382812499,\n 37.16907157713011\n ],\n [\n -75.706787109375,\n 37.09023980307208\n ],\n [\n -75.7562255859375,\n 36.98939086733937\n ],\n [\n -75.7672119140625,\n 36.89719446989036\n ],\n [\n -75.6683349609375,\n 36.59347887826919\n ],\n [\n -75.56396484375,\n 36.39917828607653\n ],\n [\n -75.4925537109375,\n 36.1955251660701\n ],\n [\n -75.4046630859375,\n 36.02688935430189\n ],\n [\n -75.311279296875,\n 35.88905007936091\n ],\n [\n -75.234375,\n 35.634976650677295\n ],\n [\n -75.2288818359375,\n 35.46961797120201\n ],\n [\n -75.25634765625,\n 35.263561862152095\n ],\n [\n -75.3717041015625,\n 35.1154153142536\n ],\n [\n -75.5914306640625,\n 35.043489514314686\n ],\n [\n -75.7562255859375,\n 35.038992046780784\n ],\n [\n -75.80017089843749,\n 35.10193405724606\n ],\n [\n -75.82763671875,\n 35.205233347514536\n ],\n [\n -75.849609375,\n 35.290468565908775\n ],\n [\n -75.7232666015625,\n 35.42486791930558\n ],\n [\n -75.69580078125,\n 35.576916524038616\n ],\n [\n -75.7342529296875,\n 35.85343961959182\n ],\n [\n -75.8221435546875,\n 36.12012758978146\n ],\n [\n -75.8660888671875,\n 36.27085020723905\n ],\n [\n -75.9429931640625,\n 36.50963615733049\n ],\n [\n -76.00341796875,\n 36.66841891894786\n ],\n [\n -76.0418701171875,\n 36.82247761166621\n ],\n [\n -76.11328125,\n 36.9367208722872\n ],\n [\n -76.17919921875,\n 37.068327517596586\n ],\n [\n -75.9210205078125,\n 37.36142550190517\n ],\n [\n -75.684814453125,\n 37.6359849542696\n ],\n [\n -75.4815673828125,\n 37.85750715625203\n ],\n [\n -75.311279296875,\n 38.11727165830543\n ],\n [\n -75.157470703125,\n 38.35888785866677\n ],\n [\n -75.07507324218749,\n 38.449286817153556\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5540a121e4b0a658d7939277","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morgan, Karen L. M. 0000-0002-2994-5572 kmorgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2994-5572","contributorId":3730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Karen L. M.","email":"kmorgan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krohn, M. Dennis dkrohn@usgs.gov","contributorId":3378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohn","given":"M.","email":"dkrohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Dennis","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guy, Kristy K. kguy@usgs.gov","contributorId":139713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Kristy K.","email":"kguy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148364,"text":"70148364 - 2015 - Gully annealing by fluvially-sourced Aeolian sand: remote sensing investigations of connectivity along the Fluvial-Aeolian-hillslope continuum on the Colorado River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-20T15:35:46","indexId":"70148364","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Gully annealing by fluvially-sourced Aeolian sand: remote sensing investigations of connectivity along the Fluvial-Aeolian-hillslope continuum on the Colorado River","docAbstract":"Processes contributing to development of ephemeral gully channels are of great importance to landscapes worldwide, and particularly in dryland regions where soil loss and land degradation from gully erosion pose long-term, land-management problems. Whereas gully formation has been relatively well studied, much less is known of the processes that anneal gullies and impede their growth. This work investigates gully annealing by aeolian sediment, along the Colorado River downstream of Glen Canyon Dam in Glen, Marble, and Grand Canyons, Arizona, USA (Figure 1). In this segment of the Colorado River, gully erosion potentially affects the stability and preservation of archaeological sites that are located within valley margins. Gully erosion occurs as a function of ephemeral, rainfall-induced overland flow associated with intense episodes of seasonal precipitation. Measurements of sediment transport and topographic change have demonstrated that fluvial sand in some locations is transported inland and upslope by aeolian processes to areas affected by gully erosion, and aeolian sediment activity can be locally effective at counteracting gully erosion (Draut, 2012; Collins and others, 2009, 2012; Sankey and Draut, 2014). The degree to which specific locations are affected by upslope wind redistribution of sand from active channel sandbars to higher elevation valley margins is termed “connectivity”. Connectivity is controlled spatially throughout the river by (1) the presence of upwind sources of fluvial sand within the contemporary active river channel (e.g., sandbars), and (2) bio-physical barriers that include vegetation and topography that might impede aeolian sediment transport. The primary hypothesis of this work is that high degrees of connectivity lead to less gullying potential.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference 2015","conferenceTitle":"Joint Federal Interagency Conference 2015","conferenceDate":"April 19-23, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Joint Federal Interagency Conference","usgsCitation":"Sankey, J.B., East, A., Collins, B.D., and Caster, J.J., 2015, Gully annealing by fluvially-sourced Aeolian sand: remote sensing investigations of connectivity along the Fluvial-Aeolian-hillslope continuum on the Colorado River, in Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference 2015, Reno, NV, April 19-23, 2015, 7 p.","productDescription":"7 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061072","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300915,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://acwi.gov/sos/pubs/3rdJFIC/Proceedings.pdf"},{"id":311624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Colorado river; 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Salinity is a concern because of its adverse effects on agricultural land and equipment, and on municipal and industrial users. The Montrose Arroyo watershed in Montrose, Colorado, contains agricultural and residential areas as well as undeveloped land and has undergone substantial land-use change since the early 1990s. Previous sampling efforts indicated salinity concentrations and loads have remained constant since land-use change began in the early 1990s; however, recent sampling also indicated that dissolved-selenium concentrations and loads have begun to increase. In response to the potential increasing dissolved-selenium concentrations and loads, the U.S. Geological Survey—in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation; Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Forum; and Colorado River Water Conservation District—continued to monitor salinity and dissolved-selenium concentrations and loads in the Montrose Arroyo watershed. This report characterizes salinity and dissolved-selenium loads in Montrose Arroyo from 1992 to 2013 at three sites: Montrose Arroyo at East Niagara Street (MA2, U.S. Geological Survey site identification number 382802107513301), Montrose Arroyo at 6700 Road (MA3, U.S. Geological Survey site identification number 382711107500501), and Montrose Arroyo at 6750 and Ogden Roads (MA4, U.S. Geological Survey site identification number 382702107493701). A detailed land-use change analysis was also characterized in the MA3 subwatershed.
\nThe three sites were used to monitor salinity and dissolved-selenium concentrations and loads in Montrose Arroyo. Over a period from December 2011 through September 2013, 46 water-quality samples and streamflow measurements were collected at sites MA2, MA3, and MA4. Streamflow, salinity concentrations and loads, and selenium concentrations and loads were characterized and compared between the pre-lateral (before April 1999) and post-growth periods (March 2008 through September 2013) and between post-lateral (April 1999 through October 2000) and post-growth periods.
\nResults from a previous USGS study on the characterization of salinity and selenium loading and land-use change in Montrose Arroyo from 1992 to 2010 indicated that there was no change in salinity load at site MA2 and a significant increase in dissolved-selenium load from the pre-lateral period to the post-growth period. Data associated with this report indicate the selenium loads at site MA2 show no significant change from the pre-lateral period to the post-growth period. In addition, both salinity load and dissolved-selenium load at site MA3 show significant decreases in salinity and dissolved-selenium load for both periods that are potentially associated with land-use change.
\nLand use was characterized for 1992, 2002, and 2009 for site MA3. The common land-use change in the MA3 subwatershed was a conversion from previously irrigated agricultural land to urban land use. The MA3 subwatershed had 124 acres of irrigated land use converted to urban land use and 27.1 acres of unirrigated desert converted to urban land use from 1992 to 2009. Consistent with findings in previous land-use change reports, salinity and dissolved-selenium loading at site MA3 showed significant decreases as irrigated land was converted to urban land use.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155039","collaboration":"Bureau of Reclamation; Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Forum; Colorado River Water Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Richards, R.J., and Moore, J.L., 2015, Characterization of streamflow, salinity, and selenium loading and land-use change in Montrose Arroyo, western Colorado, from 1992 to 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5039, v, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155039.","productDescription":"v, 18 p.","startPage":"18","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-060484","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299710,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5039/pdf/sir2015-5039.pdf","text":"Report","size":"25.6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":299703,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5039/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Montrose","otherGeospatial":"Montrose Arroyo","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.80634880065918,\n 38.48705404120269\n ],\n [\n -107.7883243560791,\n 38.478050840591465\n ],\n [\n -107.77956962585449,\n 38.47462395385454\n ],\n [\n -107.77124404907227,\n 38.47489273517196\n ],\n [\n -107.75562286376953,\n 38.47193608556816\n ],\n [\n -107.74043083190918,\n 38.46561920067743\n ],\n [\n -107.73914337158203,\n 38.45735265386234\n ],\n [\n -107.74077415466309,\n 38.44364019496866\n ],\n [\n -107.74884223937988,\n 38.434833271500445\n ],\n [\n -107.76575088500977,\n 38.433892010024444\n ],\n [\n -107.77519226074219,\n 38.43564005728452\n ],\n [\n -107.78094291687012,\n 38.43564005728452\n ],\n [\n -107.79939651489256,\n 38.42508389732895\n ],\n [\n -107.80866622924805,\n 38.427168356912205\n ],\n [\n -107.82136917114258,\n 38.42817694478974\n ],\n [\n -107.82360076904297,\n 38.426764917817145\n ],\n [\n -107.83681869506836,\n 38.43234562524602\n ],\n [\n -107.8901195526123,\n 38.494376710715805\n ],\n [\n -107.88711547851562,\n 38.49753396243774\n ],\n [\n -107.8813648223877,\n 38.496593518947556\n ],\n [\n -107.86788940429688,\n 38.485240053939975\n ],\n [\n -107.8557014465332,\n 38.481746320193345\n ],\n [\n -107.80634880065918,\n 38.48705404120269\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5530cf1de4b0b22a15806133","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richards, Rodney J. 0000-0003-3953-984X rjrichar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-984X","contributorId":2204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Rodney","email":"rjrichar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Jennifer L.","contributorId":68447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190681,"text":"70190681 - 2015 - Sediment contributions from floodplains and legacy sediments to Piedmont streams of Baltimore County, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-12T11:49:32","indexId":"70190681","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment contributions from floodplains and legacy sediments to Piedmont streams of Baltimore County, Maryland","docAbstract":"Disparity between watershed erosion rates and downstream sediment delivery has remained an important theme in geomorphology for many decades, with the role of floodplains in sediment storage as a common focus. In the Piedmont Province of the eastern USA, upland deforestation and agricultural land use following European settlement led to accumulation of thick packages of overbank sediment in valley bottoms, commonly referred to as legacy deposits. Previous authors have argued that legacy deposits represent a potentially important source of modern sediment loads following remobilization by lateral migration and progressive channel widening. This paper seeks to quantify (1) rates of sediment remobilization from Baltimore County floodplains by channel migration and bank erosion, (2) proportions of streambank sediment derived from legacy deposits, and (3) potential contribution of net streambank erosion and legacy sediments to downstream sediment yield within the Mid-Atlantic Piedmont.
We calculated measurable gross erosion and deposition rates within the fluvial corridor along 40 valley segments from 18 watersheds with drainage areas between 0.18 and 155 km2 in Baltimore County, Maryland. We compared stream channel and floodplain morphology from lidar-based digital elevation data collected in 2005 with channel positions recorded on 1:2400 scale topographic maps from 1959–1961 in order to quantify 44–46 years of channel change. Sediment bulk density and particle size distributions were characterized from streambank and channel deposit samples and used for volume to mass conversions and for comparison with other sediment sources.
Average annual lateral migration rates ranged from 0.04 to 0.19 m/y, which represented an annual migration of 2.5% (0.9–4.4%) channel width across all study segments, suggesting that channel dimensions may be used as reasonable predictors of bank erosion rates. Gross bank erosion rates varied from 43 to 310 Mg/km/y (median = 114) and were positively correlated with drainage area. Measured deposition within channels accounted for an average of 46% (28–75%) of gross erosion, with deposition increasingly important in larger drainages. Legacy sediments accounted for 6–90% of bank erosion at individual study segments, represented about 60% of bank height at most exposures, and accounted for 57% (± 16%) of the measured gross erosion. Extrapolated results indicated that first- and second-order streams accounted for 62% (± 38%) of total streambank erosion from 1005 km2 of northern Baltimore County. After accounting for estimated redeposition, extrapolated net streambank sediment yields (72 Mg/km2/y) constituted 70% of estimated average Piedmont watershed yields (104 Mg/km2/y). The results suggest that streambank sediments are a relatively large source of sediment from Piedmont tributaries to the Chesapeake Bay.
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Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":710156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70146256,"text":"70146256 - 2015 - Delineation of fractures, foliation, and groundwater of the bedrock at a geothermal feasibility site on Roosevelt Island, New York County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-24T16:29:02","indexId":"70146256","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Delineation of fractures, foliation, and groundwater of the bedrock at a geothermal feasibility site on Roosevelt Island, New York County, New York","docAbstract":"Advanced borehole-geophysical methods were used to investigate the hydrogeology of the crystalline bedrock in three boreholes on Roosevelt Island, New York County, New York. Cornell University was evaluating the feasibility of using geothermal energy for a future campus at the site. The borehole-logging techniques were used to delineate bedrock fractures, foliation, and groundwater-flow zones of the Fordham Gneiss in test boreholes at the site. Three fracture populations dominated by small (0.04 in or less) fractures were delineated in the three boreholes. A sub-horizontal population with low to moderate dipping fractures, a northeast dipping population with moderate to high angle fractures, and a small northwest dipping high angle fracture population. One large southwest dipping transmissive fracture underlies the entire study area with a mean dip azimuth of 235º southwest and a dip angle of 31º (N325ºW 31ºSW). The mean foliation dip azimuth was 296º northwest with a mean dip angle of 73º (N26ºE 73ºNW). Groundwater appears to flow through a network of fractures dominated by a large fracture underlying the site that is affected by tidal variations from the nearby East River. The total number of fractures penetrated by each borehole was 95, 63, and 68, with fracture indices of 0.26, 0.20, and 0.20 in GT-1 (NY292), GT-2 (NY293), and GT-3 (NY294), respectively. Aquifer test data indicate the specific capacity of boreholes GT-1 (NY292), GT-2 (NY293), and GT-3 (NY294) was 1.9, 1.5, and 3.7 gal/min/ft, respectively. The large contribution of flow from the leaking casing in borehole GT-3 (NY294) caused the doubling in specific capacity compared to boreholes GT-1 (NY292) and GT-2 (NY293). The transmissivities of the large fracture intersected by the three boreholes tested (GT-1, GT-2, and GT-3), calculated from aquifer-test analyses of time-drawdown data and flowmeter differencing, were 133, 124, and 65 feet squared per day (ft2/d), respectively. Gringarten analysis indicated the large fracture intersects a low transmissivity boundary or distant fracture network with an average transmissivity of 69 ft2/d, this distant hydraulic boundary averages about 200 ft away from boreholes GT-1 and GT-2. Field measurements of specific conductance of the three boreholes under ambient conditions at the site indicate an increase in conductivity toward the southwest part of the site. Specific conductance was 5, 6, and 23 millisiemens per centimeter (mS/cm) in boreholes GT-2, GT-3, and GT-1, respectively. Three borehole radar reflection logs collected at each of the boreholes indicated increased penetration with depth and the large fracture intersecting all three boreholes was imaged as far as 80 ft from the boreholes. A borehole radar attenuation tomogram from GT-1 to GT-2 indicated the large fracture intersected by the boreholes extends between the boreholes with a low angle southwest dip.
","conferenceTitle":"22nd Conference on the Geology of Long Island and Metropolitan New York","conferenceDate":"April 11, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Stony Brook, NY","language":"English","collaboration":"Cornell University; USGS","usgsCitation":"Stumm, F., Chu, A., Como, M.D., Noll, M.L., and Joesten, P.K., 2015, Delineation of fractures, foliation, and groundwater of the bedrock at a geothermal feasibility site on Roosevelt Island, New York County, New York, 22nd Conference on the Geology of Long Island and Metropolitan New York, Stony Brook, NY, April 11, 2015, 23 p.","productDescription":"23 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063658","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311700,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Roosevelt Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.94210815429688,\n 40.77274188001071\n ],\n [\n -73.95343780517578,\n 40.761300880922235\n ],\n [\n -73.95978927612305,\n 40.75297891717686\n ],\n [\n -73.96150588989258,\n 40.750768220446936\n ],\n [\n -73.96150588989258,\n 40.748947591479705\n ],\n [\n -73.95463943481445,\n 40.75440932883489\n ],\n [\n -73.9493179321289,\n 40.76091081214379\n ],\n [\n -73.94056320190428,\n 40.770011820529064\n ],\n [\n -73.93918991088867,\n 40.77248187917859\n ],\n [\n -73.94039154052734,\n 40.77352187640244\n ],\n [\n -73.94210815429688,\n 40.77274188001071\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5655983ae4b071e7ea53def9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stumm, Frederick 0000-0002-5388-8811 fstumm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-8811","contributorId":1077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumm","given":"Frederick","email":"fstumm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chu, Anthony 0000-0001-8623-2862 achu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8623-2862","contributorId":2517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chu","given":"Anthony","email":"achu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Como, Michael D. 0000-0002-7911-5390 mcomo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7911-5390","contributorId":4651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Como","given":"Michael","email":"mcomo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noll, Michael L. 0000-0003-2050-3134 mnoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-3134","contributorId":4652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noll","given":"Michael","email":"mnoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Joesten, Peter K. pjoesten@usgs.gov","contributorId":1929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joesten","given":"Peter","email":"pjoesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70144858,"text":"70144858 - 2015 - Response to \"Comment on and Reinterpretation of Gabriel et al. (2014) \"Fish Mercury and Surface Water Sulfate Relationships in the Everglades Protection Area\"\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-13T12:56:43","indexId":"70144858","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-10T12:55:06","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response to \"Comment on and Reinterpretation of Gabriel et al. (2014) \"Fish Mercury and Surface Water Sulfate Relationships in the Everglades Protection Area\"\"","docAbstract":"The purpose of this forum is to respond to a rebuttal submitted by Julian et al., Environ Manag 55:1–5, 2015 where they outlined their overall disagreement with the data preparation, methods, and interpretation of results presented in Gabriel et al. (Environ Manag 53:583–593, 2014). Here, we provide background information on the research premise presented in Gabriel et al. (Environ Manag 53:583–593, 2014) and provide a defense for this work using five themes. In spite of what Julian et al. perceive as limitations in the sampling methods and analytical tools used for this work, the relationships found between fish total mercury and surface water sulfate concentrations in Gabriel et al. (Environ Manag 53:583–593, 2014) are comparable to relationships between pore water methylmercury (MeHg) and pore water sulfate found in past studies indicating that sulfate is important to MeHg production and bioaccumulation in the Everglades. Julian et al. state “…there is no way to justify any ecosystem-wide sulfur strategy as a management approach to reduce mercury risk in the (Everglades) as suggested by Gabriel et al. (Environ Manag 53:583–593, 2014), Corrales et al. (Sci Tot Environ 409:2156–2162, 2011) and Orem et al. (Rev Environ Sci Technol 41 (S1):249–288, 2011).” We disagree, and having stated why sulfate input reduction to the Everglades may be the most effective means of reducing mercury in Everglades fish, it is important that research on sulfur and mercury biogeochemistry continues. If further studies support the relationship between sulfate loading reduction and MeHg reduction, sulfur mass balance studies should commence to (1) better quantify agricultural and connate seawater sulfate inputs and (2) define opportunities to reduce sulfate inputs to the Everglades ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-015-0486-0","usgsCitation":"Gabriel, M.C., Axelrad, D., Orem, W.H., and Osborne, T.Z., 2015, Response to \"Comment on and Reinterpretation of Gabriel et al. (2014) \"Fish Mercury and Surface Water Sulfate Relationships in the Everglades Protection Area\"\": Environmental Management, v. 55, no. 6, p. 1227-1231, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0486-0.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1227","endPage":"1231","ipdsId":"IP-063092","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366530,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gabriel, Mark C.","contributorId":140034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gabriel","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13361,"text":"International Joint Commission, Washington DC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Axelrad, Don","contributorId":140035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Axelrad","given":"Don","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13362,"text":"Florida A&M University, Inst. of Public Health, Tallahassee, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orem, William H. 0000-0003-4990-0539 borem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"William","email":"borem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Osborne, Todd Z.","contributorId":140037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osborne","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":13363,"text":"University of Florida, Wetland Biogeochemistry Laboratory, Soil and Water Science Dept, Gainesville, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70141356,"text":"sir20155028 - 2015 - New argon-argon (40Ar/39Ar) radiometric age dates from selected subsurface basalt flows at the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-09T09:06:19","indexId":"sir20155028","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-09T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5028","title":"New argon-argon (40Ar/39Ar) radiometric age dates from selected subsurface basalt flows at the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho","docAbstract":"In 2011, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, collected samples for 12 new argon-argon radiometric ages from eastern Snake River Plain olivine tholeiite basalt flows in the subsurface at the Idaho National Laboratory. The core samples were collected from flows that had previously published paleomagnetic data. Samples were sent to Rutgers University for argon-argon radiometric dating analyses.
\nPaleomagnetic and stratigraphic data were used to constrain the results of the age dating experiments to derive the preferred age for each basalt flow. Knowledge of the ages of subsurface basalt flows is needed to improve numerical models of groundwater flow and contaminant transport in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer. This could be accomplished by increasing the ability to correlate basalt flow from corehole to corehole in the subsurface. The age of basalt flows also can be used in volcanic recurrence and landscape evolution studies that are important to better understand future hazards that could occur at the Idaho National Laboratory.
\nResults indicate that ages ranged from 60 ± 16 thousand years ago for Quaking Aspen Butte to 621 ± 9 thousand years ago for State Butte.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155028","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Hodges, M., Turrin, B.D., Champion, D.E., and Swisher, C.C., 2015, New argon-argon (40Ar/39Ar) radiometric age dates from selected subsurface basalt flows at the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5028, v, 25 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155028.","productDescription":"v, 25 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-044883","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299524,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5028/"},{"id":299528,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5028/pdf/sir2015-5028.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":299529,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5028/download/sir2015-5028_AppendixA.zip","text":"Appendix A","size":"12.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix A"},{"id":299530,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155028.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.345703125,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -114.345703125,\n 44.38669150215206\n ],\n [\n -112.5,\n 44.38669150215206\n ],\n [\n -112.5,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -114.345703125,\n 43.389081939117496\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5527949de4b026915857c83c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodges, Mary K. 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III","contributorId":139308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swisher","given":"Carl","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70140110,"text":"ofr20121024K - 2015 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Permian and Palo Duro Basins and Bend Arch-Fort Worth Basin: Chapter K in Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70140110,"text":"ofr20121024K - 2015 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Permian and Palo Duro Basins and Bend Arch-Fort Worth Basin: Chapter K in Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources","indexId":"ofr20121024K","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"K","title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Permian and Palo Duro Basins and Bend Arch-Fort Worth Basin: Chapter K in Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70093199,"text":"ofr20121024 - 2012 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources","indexId":"ofr20121024","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70093199,"text":"ofr20121024 - 2012 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources","indexId":"ofr20121024","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-26T15:42:02.847127","indexId":"ofr20121024K","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-08T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1024","chapter":"K","title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Permian and Palo Duro Basins and Bend Arch-Fort Worth Basin: Chapter K in Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has completed an assessment of the potential geologic carbon dioxide storage resource in the onshore areas of the United States. To provide geological context and input data sources for the resources numbers, framework documents are being prepared for all areas that were investigated as part of the national assessment. This report is the geologic framework document for the Permian and Palo Duro Basins, the combined Bend arch-Fort Worth Basin area, and subbasins therein of Texas, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. In addition to a summarization of the geology and petroleum resources of studied basins, the individual storage assessment units (SAUs) within the basins are described and explanations for their selection are presented. Though appendixes in the national assessment publications include the input values used to calculate the available storage resource, this framework document provides only the context and source of inputs selected by the assessment geologists. 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cdevera@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4691-6108","contributorId":3845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeVera","given":"Christina","email":"cdevera@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lohr, Celeste D. 0000-0001-6287-9047 clohr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-9047","contributorId":3866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohr","given":"Celeste D.","email":"clohr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70140114,"text":"sir20155017 - 2015 - Physical subdivision and description of the water-bearing sediments of the Santa Clara Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-07T08:39:02","indexId":"sir20155017","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-07T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5017","title":"Physical subdivision and description of the water-bearing sediments of the Santa Clara Valley, California","docAbstract":"A thick Quaternary alluvial section fills a sedimentary basin beneath the Santa Clara Valley, California, located within the San Andreas Fault system at the south end of San Francisco Bay. This section consists of an upper sequence about 1,000 feet thick containing eight sedimentary cycles and a lower fine-grained unit as thick as several hundred feet. Together these constitute the Quaternary Santa Clara Basin. The section overlies an irregular unconformity with more than 1,200 feet of relief cut into the underlying bedrock. This stratigraphy is determined through study of new wells and seismic reflection profiles, together with a sample of the many thousands of water wells in the valley. It represents a major change and improvement in understanding of the basin, particularly with regard to the upper cyclic sequence, which forms a large groundwater system that is an important resource in the San Francisco Bay region.
\nEach of the eight sedimentary cycles consists of a coarse-grained bottom interval overlain by a fine-grained top, with the coarse bottom forming a permeable sheet that is more or less continuous around the basin and the fine top forming a similarly extensive, relatively impermeable confining layer. This stratigraphic organization contrasts with most previous views, which have considered the coarse sediment in the basin to occur as scattered, discrete lenses and (or) sinuous channel sands, all embedded in a predominantly fine-grained section. Temperature logs in several wells demonstrate that the fine cycle tops do limit vertical movement of groundwater, although this may not be the case where those tops are thin to perhaps locally absent around parts of the basin margin.
\nAge control has been obtained from previous work, in which the sedimentary cycles were correlated with the marine oxygen isotope record and the ages of two deeper Quaternary unconformities were estimated, and from detailed paleomagnetic study of cores from the new wells by E.A. Mankinen. Despite careful search of the cores, very few fossils were found, and none that are helpful in subdividing the section. No tephra (volcanic ash) was recovered, and the few carbon samples found and dated radiometrically are limited to the upper 120 feet of the section. The upper cyclic section ranges in age from 0 to somewhat older than 718 thousand years (ka), and the lower fine-grained section lies between unconformities with estimated ages of 950 and 1500 ka.
\nReflections in the seismic profiles indicate that layering in the basin is subparallel to the ground surface, and this fact, together with the continuous stratigraphic detail provided by geophysical logs of the new wells, allows the confident interwell correlation required to delineate the sedimentary cycles. The sequence of layers within any one cycle tends to persist laterally between the wells in the dataset, which are spaced 1 to 3 km apart, with most changes occurring gradually. The eight cycles, in contrast, tend to differ from each other in the details of their internal organization.
\nMaps and cross sections show the elevations of cycle boundaries and the underlying bedrock surface, the varying thicknesses of the cycles and of their fine tops and coarse bottoms, and the aggregate thickness of coarse layers in those bottom intervals. Coarse sediment is more abundant toward some parts of the basin margin and in the southern part of the basin. Cycle boundary surfaces are relatively smooth, and their shapes are consistent with having been intercycle topographic surfaces. The underlying bedrock surface has a relief of more than 1,200 feet and deepens toward the center of the basin and the west edge of the fault-bounded Evergreen Basin, which is concealed beneath the east side of the Quaternary basin. The absence of consistent abrupt changes in thicknesses or boundary elevations across the basin or in cross section indicates that the interior of the basin is largely unfaulted, with the Silver Creek strand of the San Andreas system at the west edge of the Evergreen Basin being the sole exception. The east and west margins of the Santa Clara Basin, in contrast, are marked by reverse and thrust fault systems.
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III jtinsley@usgs.gov","contributorId":3266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinsley","given":"John C.","suffix":"III","email":"jtinsley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":544151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70144431,"text":"sir20155038 - 2015 - Potential groundwater recharge for the State of Minnesota using the Soil-Water-Balance model, 1996-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-06T15:06:47","indexId":"sir20155038","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-06T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5038","title":"Potential groundwater recharge for the State of Minnesota using the Soil-Water-Balance model, 1996-2010","docAbstract":"Groundwater recharge is one of the most difficult components of a water budget to ascertain, yet is an important boundary condition necessary for the quantification of water resources. In Minnesota, improved estimates of recharge are necessary because approximately 75 percent of drinking water and 90 percent of agricultural irrigation water in Minnesota are supplied from groundwater. The water that is withdrawn must be supplied by some combination of (1) increased recharge, (2) decreased discharge to streams, lakes, and other surface-water bodies, and (3) removal of water that was stored in the system. Recent pressure on groundwater resources has highlighted the need to provide more accurate recharge estimates for various tools that can assess the sustainability of long-term water use. As part of this effort, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, used the Soil-Water-Balance model to calculate gridded estimates of potential groundwater recharge across Minnesota for 1996‒2010 at a 1-kilometer (0.621-mile) resolution. The potential groundwater recharge estimates calculated for Minnesota from the Soil-Water Balance model included gridded values (1-kilometer resolution) of annual mean estimates (that is, the means for individual years from 1996 through 2010) and mean annual estimates (that is, the mean for the 15-year period 1996−2010).
\nThe Soil-Water-Balance model uses a modified Thornthwaite-Mather soil-water-balance approach, with components of the soil-water balance calculated on a daily basis. A key advantage of this approach includes the use of commonly available geographic information system data layers that incorporate land cover, soil properties, and daily meteorological data to produce temporally and spatially variable gridded estimates of potential recharge. The Soil-Water-Balance model was calibrated by using a combination of parameter estimation techniques, making manual adjustments of model parameters, and using parameter values from previously published Soil-Water-Balance models. Each calibration simulation compared the potential recharge estimate from the model against base-flow estimates derived from three separate hydrograph separation techniques. A total of 35 Minnesota watersheds were selected for the model calibration.
\nMeteorological data necessary for the model included daily precipitation, minimum daily temperature, and maximum daily temperature. All of the meteorological data were provided by the Daymet dataset, which included daily continuous surfaces of key climatological data. Land-cover data were provided by the 2001 and 2006 National Land Cover Database: the 2001 classification was used from 1994 through 2003, and the 2006 classification was used from 2004 through 2010. Soil data used in the model included hydrologic soils group and the available soil-water capacity. These soil data were obtained from the Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database and the State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) database.
\nThe statewide mean annual potential recharge rate from 1996–2010 was 4.9 inches per year. Potential recharge estimates increased from west to east across Minnesota. The mean annual potential recharge estimates across Minnesota at a 1-km resolution for the overall simulation period (1996–2010) ranged from less than 0.1 to 17.8 inches per year. Some of the lowest potential recharge rates for the simulation period were in the Red River of the North Basin of northwestern Minnesota, and generally were between 1.0 and 1.5 inches per year. The highest potential recharge rates were in northeastern Minnesota and the Anoka Sand Plain in central Minnesota. Eighty-eight percent of the potential recharge rates (by grid cell) were between 2 and 8 inches per year from 1996–2010. Only about 3 percent of all the potential recharge estimates (by grid cell) were less than 2 inches per year, and 9 percent of estimates were greater than 8 inches per year.
\nOn an annual basis, however, potential recharge rates were as high as 27.2 inches per year. The highest annual mean recharge estimate across the State was for 2010, and the lowest mean recharge estimate was for 2003. Although precipitation variability partially explained the annual differences in potential recharge estimates, precipitation alone did not account for these differences, and other factors such as antecedent moisture conditions likely were important. Also, because precipitation gradients across the State can vary from year to year, the dominant land-cover class and hydrologic soil group combinations for a particular region had a large effect on the resulting potential recharge value. During 1996–2010, April had the greatest monthly mean potential recharge compared to all other months, accounting for a mean of 30 percent of annual potential recharge in this single month.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155038","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Smith, E.A., and Westenbroek, S.M., 2015, Potential groundwater recharge for the State of Minnesota using the Soil-Water-Balance model, 1996-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5038, vii, 85 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155038.","productDescription":"vii, 85 p.","startPage":"85","numberOfPages":"98","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1996-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-034584","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299402,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155038.jpg"},{"id":299399,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":70141008,"text":"sir20155021 - 2015 - National assessment of geologic carbon dioxide storage resources: allocations of assessed areas to Federal lands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-17T11:31:44","indexId":"sir20155021","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-03T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5021","title":"National assessment of geologic carbon dioxide storage resources: allocations of assessed areas to Federal lands","docAbstract":"Following the geologic basin-scale assessment of technically accessible carbon dioxide storage resources in onshore areas and State waters of the United States, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated that an area of about 130 million acres (or about 200,000 square miles) of Federal lands overlies these storage resources. Consequently, about 18 percent of the assessed area associated with storage resources is allocated to Federal land management. Assessed areas are allocated to four other general land-ownership categories as follows: State lands about 4.5 percent, Tribal lands about 2.4 percent, private and other lands about 72 percent, and offshore areas about 2.6 percent.
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,{"id":70145260,"text":"70145260 - 2015 - Conceptual models of the formation of acid-rock drainage at road cuts in Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-23T15:30:52","indexId":"70145260","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Conceptual models of the formation of acid-rock drainage at road cuts in Tennessee","docAbstract":"Pyrite and other minerals containing sulfur and trace metals occur in several rock formations throughout Middle and East Tennessee. Pyrite (FeS2) weathers in the presence of oxygen and water to form iron hydroxides and sulfuric acid. The weathering and interaction of the acid on the rocks and other minerals at road cuts can result in drainage with low pH (< 4) and high concentrations of trace metals. Acid-rock drainage can cause environmental problems and damage transportation infrastructure. The formation and remediation of acid-drainage from roads cuts has not been researched as thoroughly as acid-mine drainage. The U.S Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Transportation, is conducting an investigation to better understand the geologic, hydrologic, and biogeochemical factors that control acid formation at road cuts. Road cuts with the potential for acid-rock drainage were identifed and evaluated in Middle and East Tennessee. The pyrite-bearing formations evaluated were the Chattanooga Shale (Devonian black shale), the Fentress Formation (coal-bearing), and the Precambrian Anakeesta Formation and similar Precambrian rocks. Conceptual models of the formation and transport of acid-rock drainage (ARD) from road cuts were developed based on the results of a literature review, site reconnaissance, and the initial rock and water sampling. The formation of ARD requires a combination of hydrologic, geochemical, and microbial interactions which affect drainage from the site, acidity of the water, and trace metal concentrations. The basic modes of ARD formation from road cuts are; 1 - seeps and springs from pyrite-bearing formations and 2 - runoff over the face of a road cut in a pyrite-bearing formation. Depending on site conditions at road cuts, the basic modes of ARD formation can be altered and the additional modes of ARD formation are; 3 - runoff over and through piles of pyrite-bearing material, either from construction or breakdown material weathered from shale, and 4 - the deposition of secondary-sulfate minerals can store trace metals and, during rainfall, result in increased acidity and higher concentrations of trace metals in storm runoff. Understanding the factors that control ARD formation and transport are key to addressing the problems associated with the movement of ARD from the road cuts to the environment. The investigation will provide the Tennessee Department of Transportation with a regional characterization of ARD and provide insights into the geochemical and biochemical attributes for the control and remediation of ARD from road cuts.
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Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Bradley, M., Worland, S., and Byl, T., 2015, Conceptual models of the formation of acid-rock drainage at road cuts in Tennessee, in Proceedings of the 2015 Tennessee Water Resources Symposium, Montgomery Bell State Park Burns, Tennessee, April 1-3, 2015, p. 2C-8-2C-9.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"2C-8","endPage":"2C-9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062621","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311666,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299403,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://tnawra.er.usgs.gov/Library/Proceedings24th.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.748046875,\n 36.677230602346214\n ],\n [\n -87.56103515625,\n 36.075742215627\n ],\n [\n -87.593994140625,\n 35.53222622770337\n ],\n [\n -87.220458984375,\n 35.0120020431607\n ],\n [\n -86.81396484375,\n 35.110921809704756\n ],\n [\n -86.484375,\n 35.29943548054545\n ],\n [\n -85.98999023437499,\n 35.951329861522666\n ],\n [\n -86.28662109375,\n 36.5184659896759\n ],\n [\n -86.572265625,\n 36.659606226479696\n ],\n [\n -86.748046875,\n 36.677230602346214\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.836669921875,\n 36.60670888641815\n ],\n [\n -84.74853515625,\n 36.27085020723905\n ],\n [\n -85.23193359375,\n 35.7019167328534\n ],\n [\n -85.462646484375,\n 35.22767235493586\n ],\n [\n -85.484619140625,\n 35.02099970111467\n ],\n [\n -85.1220703125,\n 34.94899072578227\n ],\n [\n -84.891357421875,\n 35.003003395276714\n ],\n [\n -84.3310546875,\n 35.755428369259626\n ],\n [\n -83.726806640625,\n 36.33282808737917\n ],\n [\n -83.5400390625,\n 36.56260003738548\n ],\n [\n -83.836669921875,\n 36.60670888641815\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.2216796875,\n 36.58024660149866\n ],\n [\n -84.649658203125,\n 35.16482750605027\n ],\n [\n -84.385986328125,\n 35.038992046780784\n ],\n [\n -84.19921875,\n 35.27253175660236\n ],\n [\n -83.8037109375,\n 35.48751102385376\n ],\n [\n -83.16650390625,\n 35.69299463209881\n ],\n [\n -82.5732421875,\n 36.04021586880111\n ],\n [\n -82.3974609375,\n 36.13787471840729\n ],\n [\n -81.990966796875,\n 36.19995805932895\n ],\n [\n -81.63940429687499,\n 36.62434536776987\n ],\n [\n -82.2216796875,\n 36.58024660149866\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446bde4b071e7ea53d4a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Mike 0000-0002-2979-265X mbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-265X","contributorId":582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Mike","email":"mbradley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Worland, Scott","contributorId":150038,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Worland","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byl, Tom","contributorId":150039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byl","given":"Tom","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70142541,"text":"sir20155042 - 2015 - Multilevel groundwater monitoring of hydraulic head and temperature in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2011-13","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-02T16:56:44","indexId":"sir20155042","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-02T17:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5042","title":"Multilevel groundwater monitoring of hydraulic head and temperature in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2011-13","docAbstract":"From 2011 to 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey’s Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Project Office, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, collected depth-discrete measurements of fluid pressure and temperature in 11 boreholes located in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer. Each borehole was instrumented with a multilevel monitoring system (MLMS) consisting of a series of valved measurement ports, packer bladders, casing segments, and couplers.
\nMultilevel monitoring at the INL has been ongoing since 2006 and this report summarizes data collected from 2011 to 2013 in 11 multilevel monitoring wells. Hydraulic head (head) and groundwater temperature data were collected from 11 multilevel monitoring wells, including 177 hydraulically isolated depth intervals from 448.0 to 1,377.6 feet below land surface. One port (port 3) within borehole USGS 134 was not monitored because of a valve failure.
\nHead and temperature profiles reveal unique patterns for vertical examination of the aquifer’s complex basalt and sediment stratigraphy, proximity to aquifer recharge and discharge, and groundwater flow. These features contribute to some of the localized variability even though the general profile shape remained consistent over the period of record. Twenty-two major head inflections were described for 9 of 11 MLMS boreholes and almost always coincided with low‑permeability sediment layers and occasionally thick layers of dense basalt. However, the presence of a sediment layer or dense basalt layer was insufficient for identifying the location of a major head change within a borehole without knowing the true areal extent and relative transmissivity of the lithologic unit. Temperature profiles for boreholes completed within the Big Lost Trough indicate linear conductive trends; whereas, temperature profiles for boreholes completed within volcanic rift zones and near the southern boundary of the Idaho National Laboratory, indicate mostly convective heat transfer. Select boreholes along the southern boundary show a temperature reversal and cooler water deeper in the aquifer resulting from the vertical movement of groundwater.
\nVertical head and temperature change were quantified for each of the 11 multilevel monitoring systems. Vertical head gradients defined for the major inflections in the head profiles were as high as 2.9 feet per foot. In general, fractured basalt zones displayed relatively small vertical head differences and show a high occurrence within volcanic rift zones. Poor connectivity between fractures and higher vertical gradients were generally attributed to sediment layers and layers of dense basalt, or both. Groundwater temperatures in all boreholes ranged from 10.8 to 16.3 °C.
\nNormalized mean head values were analyzed for all 11 multilevel monitoring wells for the period of record (2007–13). The mean head values suggest a moderately positive correlation among all boreholes and generally reflect regional fluctuations in water levels in response to seasonal climatic changes. Boreholes within volcanic rift zones and near the southern boundary (USGS 103, USGS 105, USGS 108, USGS 132, USGS 135, USGS 137A) display a temporal correlation that is strongly positive. Boreholes in the Big Lost Trough display some variations in temporal correlations that may result from proximity to the mountain front to the northwest and episodic flow in the Big Lost River drainage system. For example, during June 2012, boreholes MIDDLE 2050A and MIDDLE 2051 showed head buildup within the upper zones when compared to the June 2010 profile event, which correlates to years when surface water was reported for the Big Lost River several months preceding the measurement period. With the exception of borehole USGS 134, temporal correlation between MLMS wells completed within the Big Lost Trough is generally positive. Temporal correlation for borehole USGS 134 shows the least agreement with other MLMS boreholes located within the Big Lost Trough; however, borehole USGS 134 is close to the mountain front where tributary valley subsurface inflow is suspected.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155042","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Twining, B.V., and Fisher, J.C., 2015, Multilevel groundwater monitoring of hydraulic head and temperature in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2011-13: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5042, Report: vii, 49 p.; 8 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155042.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 49 p.; 8 Appendices","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-056607","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299324,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155042.jpg"},{"id":299323,"rank":10,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppH.pdf","text":"Appendix H","size":"161 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299314,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/"},{"id":299315,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir2015-5042.pdf","size":"4.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299316,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppA.pdf","text":"Appendix A","size":"98 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299317,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppB.pdf","text":"Appendix B","size":"202 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299318,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppC.pdf","text":"Appendix C","size":"125 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299319,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppD.pdf","text":"Appendix D","size":"109 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299320,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppE.pdf","text":"Appendix E","size":"592 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299321,"rank":8,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppF.pdf","text":"Appendix F","size":"103 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299322,"rank":9,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppG.pdf","text":"Appendix G","size":"148 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.104248046875,\n 43.52664646047308\n ],\n [\n -113.104248046875,\n 43.880077621969065\n ],\n [\n -112.61123657226562,\n 43.880077621969065\n ],\n [\n -112.61123657226562,\n 43.52664646047308\n ],\n [\n -113.104248046875,\n 43.52664646047308\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"DOE/ID-22235","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551e5a1fe4b027f0aee3b87d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twining, Brian V. 0000-0003-1321-4721 btwining@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-4721","contributorId":2387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twining","given":"Brian","email":"btwining@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Jason C. 0000-0001-9032-8912 jfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9032-8912","contributorId":2523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Jason","email":"jfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70146795,"text":"70146795 - 2015 - Desert tortoise use of burned habitat in the Eastern Mojave desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-13T13:08:25","indexId":"70146795","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Desert tortoise use of burned habitat in the Eastern Mojave desert","docAbstract":"Wildfires burned 24,254 ha of critical habitat designated for the recovery of the threatened Mojave desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) in southern Nevada during 2005. The proliferation of non-native annual grasses has increased wildfire frequency and extent in recent decades and continues to accelerate the conversion of tortoise habitat across the Mojave Desert. Immediate changes to vegetation are expected to reduce quality of critical habitat, yet whether tortoises will use burned and recovering habitat differently from intact unburned habitat is unknown. We compared movement patterns, home-range size, behavior, microhabitat use, reproduction, and survival for adult desert tortoises located in, and adjacent to, burned habitat to understand how tortoises respond to recovering burned habitat. Approximately 45% of home ranges in the post-fire environment contained burned habitat, and numerous observations (n = 12,223) corroborated tortoise use of both habitat types (52% unburned, 48% burned). Tortoises moved progressively deeper into burned habitat during the first 5 years following the fire, frequently foraging in burned habitats that had abundant annual plants, and returning to adjacent unburned habitat for cover provided by intact perennial vegetation. However, by years 6 and 7, the live cover of the short-lived herbaceous perennial desert globemallow (Sphaeralcea ambigua) that typically re-colonizes burned areas declined, resulting in a contraction of tortoise movements from the burned areas. Health and egg production were similar between burned and unburned areas indicating that tortoises were able to acquire necessary resources using both areas. This study documents that adult Mojave desert tortoises continue to use habitat burned once by wildfire. Thus, continued management of this burned habitat may contribute toward the recovery of the species in the face of many sources of habitat loss.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.874","usgsCitation":"Drake, K.K., Esque, T., Nussear, K.E., DeFalco, L., Scoles-Sciulla, S.J., Modlin, A.T., and Medica, P.A., 2015, Desert tortoise use of burned habitat in the Eastern Mojave desert: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 4, p. 618-629, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.874.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"618","endPage":"629","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057109","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299811,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Clark County","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.51025390625,\n 36.32397712011264\n ],\n [\n -115.323486328125,\n 36.32397712011264\n ],\n [\n -115.1312255859375,\n 36.33725319397006\n ],\n [\n -114.91149902343751,\n 36.348314860643015\n ],\n [\n -114.61212158203124,\n 36.361586786517776\n ],\n [\n -114.46380615234375,\n 36.38812384894608\n ],\n [\n -114.38690185546875,\n 36.41244153535644\n ],\n [\n -114.36767578124999,\n 36.4477991295848\n ],\n [\n -114.400634765625,\n 36.491973470593685\n ],\n [\n -114.4061279296875,\n 36.53832942872816\n ],\n [\n -114.36767578124999,\n 36.5978891330702\n ],\n [\n -114.36767578124999,\n 36.752089156946326\n ],\n [\n -114.3621826171875,\n 36.88621127842176\n ],\n [\n -115.95932006835938,\n 36.90213639045954\n ],\n [\n -115.93803405761717,\n 36.32729635065908\n ],\n [\n -115.51025390625,\n 36.32397712011264\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"553774aae4b0b22a1580850b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drake, K. Kristina 0000-0003-0711-7634 kdrake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0711-7634","contributorId":3799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"K.","email":"kdrake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kristina","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":140024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E. knussear@usgs.gov","contributorId":2695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"knussear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeFalco, Lesley ldefalco@usgs.gov","contributorId":139012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeFalco","given":"Lesley","email":"ldefalco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scoles-Sciulla, Sara J. 0000-0003-1693-5030 sscoles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1693-5030","contributorId":2614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scoles-Sciulla","given":"Sara","email":"sscoles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Modlin, Andrew T. amodlin@usgs.gov","contributorId":5967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Modlin","given":"Andrew","email":"amodlin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Medica, Philip A.","contributorId":55780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medica","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70159688,"text":"70159688 - 2015 - Climatology of extreme daily precipitation in Colorado and its diverse spatial and seasonal variability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-18T10:28:03","indexId":"70159688","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climatology of extreme daily precipitation in Colorado and its diverse spatial and seasonal variability","docAbstract":"The climatology of Colorado’s historical extreme precipitation events shows a remarkable degree of seasonal and regional variability. Analysis of the largest historical daily precipitation totals at COOP stations across Colorado by season indicates that the largest recorded daily precipitation totals have ranged from less than 60 mm day−1 in some areas to more than 250 mm day−1 in others. East of the Continental Divide, winter events are rarely among the top 10 events at a given site, but spring events dominate in and near the foothills; summer events are most common across the lower-elevation eastern plains, while fall events are most typical for the lower elevations west of the Divide. The seasonal signal in Colorado’s central mountains is complex; high-elevation intense precipitation events have occurred in all months of the year, including summer, when precipitation is more likely to be liquid (as opposed to snow), which poses more of an instantaneous flood risk. Notably, the historic Colorado Front Range daily rainfall totals that contributed to the damaging floods in September 2013 occurred outside of that region’s typical season for most extreme precipitation (spring–summer). That event and many others highlight the fact that extreme precipitation in Colorado has occurred historically during all seasons and at all elevations, emphasizing a year-round statewide risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA","doi":"10.1175/JHM-D-14-0112.1","usgsCitation":"Mahoney, K.M., Ralph, F.M., Walter, K., Doesken, N., Dettinger, M.D., Gottas, D., Coleman, T., and White, A., 2015, Climatology of extreme daily precipitation in Colorado and its diverse spatial and seasonal variability: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 16, no. 2, p. 781-792, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-14-0112.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"781","endPage":"792","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057291","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-14-0112.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311480,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564daf45e4b0112df6c62df4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahoney, Kelly M.","contributorId":16302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahoney","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ralph, F. Martin","contributorId":57350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ralph","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Martin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walter, Klaus","contributorId":149939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walter","given":"Klaus","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17859,"text":"Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doesken, Nolan","contributorId":149940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doesken","given":"Nolan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17860,"text":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":149896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gottas, Daniel","contributorId":149941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gottas","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17861,"text":"NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory/Physical Sciences Division, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Coleman, Timothy","contributorId":149942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coleman","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17859,"text":"Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"White, Allen","contributorId":149943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Allen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17861,"text":"NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory/Physical Sciences Division, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70186942,"text":"70186942 - 2015 - Seismic source dynamics of gas-piston activity at Kı̄lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T15:58:16","indexId":"70186942","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic source dynamics of gas-piston activity at Kı̄lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"Since 2008, eruptive activity at the summit of Kı̄lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i has been confined to the new Overlook pit crater within the Halema‘uma‘u Crater. Among the broad range of magmatic processes observed in the new pit are recurring episodes of gas pistoning. The gas-piston activity is accompanied by seismic signals that are recorded by a broadband network deployed in the summit caldera. We use raw data recorded with this network to model the source mechanism of representative gas-piston events in a sequence that occurred on 20–25 August 2011 during a gentle inflation of the Kı̄lauea summit. To determine the source centroid location and source mechanism, we minimize the residual error between data and synthetics calculated by the finite difference method for a point source embedded in a homogeneous medium that takes topography into account. We apply a new waveform inversion method that accounts for the contributions from both translation and tilt in horizontal seismograms through the use of Green's functions representing the seismometer response to translation and tilt ground motions. This method enables a robust description of the source mechanism over the period range 1–10,000 s. Most of the seismic wavefield produced by gas-pistoning originates in a source region ∼1 km below the eastern perimeter of the Halema‘uma‘u pit crater. The observed waveforms are well explained by a simple volumetric source with geometry composed of two intersecting cracks featuring an east striking crack (dike) dipping 80°to the north, intersecting a north striking crack (another dike) dipping 65° to the east. Each gas-piston event is marked by a similar rapid inflation lasting a few minutes, trailed by a slower deflation ramp extending up to 15 min, attributed to the efficient coupling at the source centroid location of the pressure and momentum changes accompanying the growth and collapse of a layer of foam at the top of the lava column. Assuming a simple lumped parameter representation of the shallow magmatic system, the observed pressure and volume variations can be modeled with the following attributes : foam thickness (10–50 m), foam cell diameter (0.04–0.10 m), and gas-injection velocity (0.01–0.06 m s−1). Gas-piston activity occurs in a narrow pipe with diameter of 6 m connecting the Halema‘uma‘u pit crater to the subjacent dike system. The height of the magma column is estimated at ∼104 m at the start of the sequence based on the period of very long period (VLP) oscillations accompanying the onset of the gas-piston signal. Based on the change in the period of VLP oscillations and tilt evidence, the height of the magma column is inferred to have risen by up to ∼23 m by the end of the 5 day long sequence. A penny-shaped crack model of the dike geometry yields effective diameters of ∼1.2–2.9 km for the east dike and 0.7 km for the north dike. The shallower north dike segment is embedded in a relatively weak medium, compatible with expected mechanical properties in the hydrothermal environment of this dike.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2014JB011789","usgsCitation":"Chouet, B.A., and Dawson, P.B., 2015, Seismic source dynamics of gas-piston activity at Kı̄lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 120, no. 4, p. 2525-2560, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011789.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"2525","endPage":"2560","ipdsId":"IP-060423","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472183,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jb011789","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":339764,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kı̄lauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.29844284057614,\n 19.39560613575417\n ],\n [\n -155.23861885070798,\n 19.39560613575417\n ],\n [\n -155.23861885070798,\n 19.43227671629882\n ],\n [\n -155.29844284057614,\n 19.43227671629882\n ],\n [\n -155.29844284057614,\n 19.39560613575417\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"120","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f1e0cae4b08144348b7e0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chouet, Bernard A. 0000-0001-5527-0532 chouet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-0532","contributorId":3304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"Bernard","email":"chouet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, Phillip B. dawson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Phillip","email":"dawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70003495,"text":"70003495 - 2015 - Reconnaissance investigation of the Lisburne Group in the Cobblestone Creek area, Chandler Lake quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T21:04:49","indexId":"70003495","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":102,"text":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"2015-2","title":"Reconnaissance investigation of the Lisburne Group in the Cobblestone Creek area, Chandler Lake quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"A reconnaissance investigation of the Carboniferous Lisburne Group in the Cobblestone Creek area, Chandler Lake Quadrangle, yields insights into its resource potential and regional relations. Locally porous vuggy dolostone with hydrocarbon reservoir potential occurs in the lower Lisburne in the three most southerly of five thrust sheets, and contains traces of dead oil in two of these sheets. The dolostones are coarse crystalline, commonly cross-bedded, and at least in part of Osagean (late Early Mississippian) age; they have pelmatozoan grainstone protoliths that likely formed in sand shoals of the midramp to inner ramp. Similar, coeval porous dolostones occur in the Lisburne from Skimo Creek to Itkillik Lake, ~70 km west and 10 km east of the Cobblestone Creek area, respectively. We also examined the uppermost Lisburne Group at several localities in the Cobblestone Creek area, mainly in the northernmost thrust sheet where the rocks are as young as Morrowan (Early Pennsylvanian). Cobblestone sections contain more supportstone than equivalent strata at Skimo Creek, and overlying Permian successions also differ between the two areas. These lithologic contrasts may reflect different rates of tectonically controlled subsidence, and (or) changes in sediment input, along the late Paleozoic continental margin.
","language":"English","doi":"10.14509/29403","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., and Whalen, M.T., 2015, Reconnaissance investigation of the Lisburne Group in the Cobblestone Creek area, Chandler Lake quadrangle, Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report 2015-2, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.14509/29403.","productDescription":"17 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-011242","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472180,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14509/29403","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299888,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chandler Lake Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.5289306640625,\n 68.22256132239606\n ],\n [\n -151.5289306640625,\n 68.56640647198128\n ],\n [\n -149.12841796875,\n 68.56640647198128\n ],\n [\n -149.12841796875,\n 68.22256132239606\n ],\n [\n -151.5289306640625,\n 68.22256132239606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"553f5db8e4b0a658d7938cf9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wartes, M. A.","contributorId":121544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wartes","given":"M. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519954,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Decker, P. L.","contributorId":121525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519953,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":512690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whalen, Michael T.","contributorId":31852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whalen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}