{"pageNumber":"128","pageRowStart":"3175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10951,"records":[{"id":70155113,"text":"70155113 - 2015 - Identifying the location and population served by domestic wells in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-05T13:10:48","indexId":"70155113","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying the location and population served by domestic wells in California","docAbstract":"

Study region

\n

California, USA.

\n

Study focus

\n

Identification of groundwater use is an important step in the regional-scale assessment of groundwater quality. In California, 1990 US Census data indicate that domestic wells provide drinking-water to about 1.2 million people. However, the location of these domestic well users of groundwater is poorly identified because the census tracts can be quite large (up to 20,000 km2). The purposes of this paper are to present methods used for (1) estimating the location of domestic wells, (2) estimating the location of households using domestic well water; and (3) identifying where in California groundwater is an important source of domestic drinking supply.

\n

New hydrological insights for the region

\n

Aggregating the results indicates that three hydrogeologic provinces contain nearly 80% of all domestic wells and also have the highest density of domestic well users: Central Valley (31.6%), Sierra Nevada (31.5%), and Northern Coast Ranges (16.6%). Results were also aggregated into groundwater basins and highland areas, collectively called Groundwater Units (GUs). Twenty-eight of the 938 GUs contain more than 50% of the total population served by domestic wells, 70 GUs contain more than 75%, and 150 GUs contain 90%. The 28 GUs are mostly located in the eastern and southern San Joaquin Valley (11), the Sacramento Valley (7), and the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada province (5). Using the information presented in this research along with other information about domestic-well use, the US Geological Survey has begun sampling high-use GUs for the Shallow Aquifer Assessment component of the Groundwater Ambient Assessment (GAMA) program.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.002","usgsCitation":"Johnson, T.D., and Belitz, K., 2015, Identifying the location and population served by domestic wells in California: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, v. 3, p. 31-86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.002.","productDescription":"56 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"86","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055416","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472243,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306442,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70059069,"text":"70059069 - 2015 - Onset of rejuvenated-stage volcanism and the formation of Līhu‘e Basin: Kaua‘i events that occurred 3-4 million years ago","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-29T16:06:11.524963","indexId":"70059069","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-27T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5371,"text":"Geophysical Monograph","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"chapter":"6","title":"Onset of rejuvenated-stage volcanism and the formation of Līhu‘e Basin: Kaua‘i events that occurred 3-4 million years ago","docAbstract":"

For ocean-island volcanoes, an understanding of rejuvenated-stage volcanism requires knowing the age of onset, duration of the volcanic episode, and length of quiescence that preceded the rejuvenated pulse. On the Island of Kaua‘i, cuttings from two lava flows intercepted in the Hanamā‘ulu well (Līhu‘e basin) and assigned to the Kōloa Volcanics on basis of major-element, trace-element, and isotope geochemistry have yielded 40Ar/39Ar ages of 3.11 and 3.22 Ma. A deeper lava, with age 3.42 Ma, is tentatively assigned to the Kōloa. These ages partly fill a 1 Myr gap in the previously published ages for the Kōloa Volcanics and suggest that rejuvenated-stage volcanism on Kaua‘i has persisted for 3.2 Myr or longer. The quiescent period may have been as short as 0.2–0.3 Myr, possibly briefer.

The eastern third of Kaua‘i subsided as much as 1.3 km along an island-long north-south fault between 4.7 and 3.4 Myr ago. The fault marks a stunted episode of extension, inasmuch as displacement diminishes rapidly from the inland area north and south toward the coast and the fault lacks expression on the island's submarine flanks. The Līhu‘e basin formed sometime thereafter: The new ages are from lava flows that bracket shallow marine sediment, so the basin had subsided below sea level before 3 Ma. Though poorly constrained, rates of subsidence are in the range of those from Lāna‘i, which today sits at a distance from the hotspot that is similar to the paleogeographic position of Kaua‘i 3 Ma.

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Petrologic observations on Kīlauea's lavas include abundant microprobe analyses of glasses, which show the range of melts available in Kīlauea's summit reservoir over time. During the past two centuries, compositions of melts erupted within the caldera have been limited to MgO = 6.3–7.5 wt%. Extracaldera lavas of the 1959, 1971, and 1974 eruptions contain melts with up to 10.2, 8.9, and 9.2 wt% MgO, respectively, and the 1924 tephra contains juvenile Pele's tears with up to 9.1 wt% MgO. Melt compositions from explosive deposits at Kīlauea, including the Keanakāko‘i (A.D. 1500–1800), Kulanaokuaiki (A.D. 400–1000), and Pāhala (10–25 ka) tephra units, show large ranges of MgO contents. The range of melt MgO is 6.5–11.0 wt% for the Keanakāko‘i; the Kulanaokuaiki extends to 12.5% MgO and the Pāhala Ash includes rare shards with 13–14.5% MgO. The frequency distributions for MgO in the Keanakāko‘i and Kulanaokuaiki glasses are bimodal, suggesting preferential magma storage at two different depths. Kīlauea's summit reservoir contains melts ranging from 6.5 to at least 11.0 wt% MgO, and such melts were available for sampling near instantaneously and repeatedly over centuries. More magnesian melts are inferred to have risen directly from greater depth.

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2015 - Crustal stress and structure at Kīlauea Volcano inferred from seismic anisotropy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-06T23:51:28.560538","indexId":"70144543","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5371,"text":"Geophysical Monograph","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"chapter":"12","title":"Crustal stress and structure at Kīlauea Volcano inferred from seismic anisotropy","docAbstract":"

Seismic anisotropy, measured through shear wave splitting (SWS) analysis, can be indicative of the state of stress in Earth's crust. Changes in SWS at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, associated with the onset of summit eruptive activity in 2008 hint at the potential of the technique for tracking volcanic activity. To use SWS observations as a monitoring tool, however, it is important to understand the cause of seismic anisotropy at the volcano throughout the eruptive cycle. To address this need, we analyzed SWS results from across Kīlauea in combination with macroscopic surface structures (mapped fractures, faults, and fissures) and stress orientations inferred from fault plane solutions. Seismic anisotropy seems to be due to pervasive aligned structures in most regions of the volcano. The upper East and Southwest Rift Zones, however, show a bimodality in stress and SWS, suggesting a stress discontinuity with depth, perhaps related to magma conduits that trend obliquely to the dominant structure. Other areas in and around Kīlauea Caldera display principal stresses of similar magnitudes, indicating that small stress perturbations can rotate the maximum horizontal compressive stress direction by up to 90°. In these locations, static structures generally control SWS, but dynamic conditions due to magmatic activity can override the structural control. Monitoring of SWS may therefore provide important signs of impending volcanism.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hawaiian volcanoes: From source to surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"AGU Chapman Conference","conferenceDate":"August 20-24, 2012","conferenceLocation":"Waikoloa, Hawai'i","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union; John Wiley & Sons","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/9781118872079.ch12","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.H., Swanson, D., Roman, D., Poland, M.P., and Thelen, W.A., 2015, Crustal stress and structure at Kīlauea Volcano inferred from seismic anisotropy, chap. 12 of Hawaiian volcanoes: From source to surface: Geophysical Monograph, v. 208, p. 251-268, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118872079.ch12.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"251","endPage":"268","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048858","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310635,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.27217864990232,\n 19.43195295046888\n ],\n [\n -155.2943229675293,\n 19.425153718960157\n ],\n [\n -155.30960083007812,\n 19.41317342829991\n ],\n [\n -155.29912948608396,\n 19.391477141932167\n ],\n [\n -155.27441024780273,\n 19.39261060164696\n ],\n [\n -155.24368286132812,\n 19.40119225476861\n ],\n [\n -155.23492813110352,\n 19.410097265263875\n ],\n [\n -155.24282455444336,\n 19.418192306194864\n ],\n [\n -155.2562141418457,\n 19.427905823139497\n ],\n [\n -155.26565551757812,\n 19.43227671629882\n ],\n [\n -155.269775390625,\n 19.43243859897175\n 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donswan@usgs.gov","contributorId":140000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roman, Diana C.","contributorId":59710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roman","given":"Diana C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":127857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thelen, Weston A. 0000-0003-2534-5577 wthelen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-5577","contributorId":4126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thelen","given":"Weston","email":"wthelen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70133291,"text":"fs20143114 - 2015 - Groundwater quality in the Northern Coast Ranges Basins, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-24T12:52:45","indexId":"fs20143114","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-26T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3114","title":"Groundwater quality in the Northern Coast Ranges Basins, California","docAbstract":"

The Northern Coast Ranges (NOCO) study unit is 633 square miles and consists of 35 groundwater basins and subbasins (California Department of Water Resources, 2003; Mathany and Belitz, 2015). These basins and subbasins were grouped into two study areas based primarily on locality. The groundwater basins and subbasins located inland, not adjacent to the Pacific Ocean, were aggregated into the Interior Basins (NOCO-IN) study area. The groundwater basins and subbasins adjacent to the Pacific Ocean were aggregated into the Coastal Basins (NOCO-CO) study area (Mathany and others, 2011).

\n

The primary aquifer system in the NOCO-IN study area occurs in alluvial basins made up of sand, silt, gravel, clay, and thin volcanic ash layers or lenses. Groundwater movement in the NOCO-IN study area follows the topography and direction of surface-water features. In the NOCO-CO study area, groundwater is present in alluvial fan, floodplain, and terrace deposits. Groundwater movement in the NOCO-CO study area is from east to west towards the Pacific Ocean.

\n

The primary aquifer system in the study unit generally is defined as those parts of the aquifer system corresponding to the perforated intervals of sites listed in the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) database of public drinking-water supply sources. Well depths in the NOCO-IN study area ranged from 36 to 400 feet below land surface (ft bls), and depths to top-of-perforations ranged from 15 to 148 ft bls. In the NOCO-CO study area, well depths ranged from 15 to 400 ft bls, and depths to top-of-perforations ranged from 10 to 356 ft bls. Water quality in the primary aquifer system may differ from that in the shallower and deeper parts of the aquifer system.

\n

Average annual rainfall in the NOCO study unit ranges from 22 to 79 inches. In the NOCO-IN study area, the climate is classified as Mediterranean, with warm to hot, dry summers and cold, wet winters. In the NOCO-CO study area, the climate is influenced by the Pacific Ocean and is characterized by cool to mild summers and cold, wet winters. The study unit is drained by several rivers and their principal tributaries: the Eel, Russian, Mad, Navarro, Smith, Klamath, Noyo, and Big Rivers.

\n

Land use in the study unit is about 60 percent (%) natural (mostly grassland and forest), 29% agricultural, and 11% urban. The primary uses of agricultural lands are pasture, row crops, hay, vineyards, and timberlands. The largest urban areas are the cities of Crescent City, Arcata, Eureka, Fort Bragg, Willits, Ukiah, and Lakeport.

\n

Recharge to the groundwater system is primarily from mixture of ambient sources, including direct percolation of precipitation and irrigation waters, infiltration of runoff from surrounding hills/areas, seepage from rivers and creeks, and subsurface inflow (from non-alluvial geologic units that bound the alluvial basins). The primary sources of discharge are evaporation, discharge to streams, and water pumped for municipal supply and irrigation.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143114","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey and the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Mathany, T.M., and Belitz, K., 2015, Groundwater quality in the Northern Coast Ranges Basins, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3114, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143114.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-044056","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298165,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143114.JPG"},{"id":298163,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3114/pdf/fs2014-3114.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":298164,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5215/","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5215","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5215"},{"id":298147,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3114/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Northern Coast Ranges","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 38.66835610151509\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -121.79443359375,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -121.79443359375,\n 38.66835610151509\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 38.66835610151509\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f043ace4b02419550ce864","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mathany, Timothy M. 0000-0002-4747-5113 tmathany@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4747-5113","contributorId":1713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mathany","given":"Timothy","email":"tmathany@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70141968,"text":"70141968 - 2015 - Large-scale dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington, USA: river channel and floodplain geomorphic change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T10:57:38","indexId":"70141968","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-25T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large-scale dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington, USA: river channel and floodplain geomorphic change","docAbstract":"

A substantial increase in fluvial sediment supply relative to transport capacity causes complex, large-magnitude changes in river and floodplain morphology downstream. Although sedimentary and geomorphic responses to sediment pulses are a fundamental part of landscape evolution, few opportunities exist to quantify those processes over field scales. We investigated the downstream effects of sediment released during the largest dam removal in history, on the Elwha River, Washington, USA, by measuring changes in riverbed elevation and topography, bed sediment grain size, and channel planform as two dams were removed in stages over two years.

\n

As 10.5 million t (7.1 million m3) of sediment was released from two former reservoirs, downstream dispersion of a sediment wave caused widespread bed aggradation of ~ 1 m (greater where pools filled), changed the river from pool–riffle to braided morphology, and decreased the slope of the lowermost river. The newly deposited sediment, which was finer than most of the pre-dam-removal bed, formed new bars (largely pebble, granule, and sand material), prompting aggradational channel avulsion that increased the channel braiding index by almost 50%. As a result of mainstem bed aggradation, floodplain channels received flow and accumulated new sediment even during low to moderate flow conditions. The river system showed a two- to tenfold greater geomorphic response to dam removal (in terms of bed elevation change magnitude) than it had to a 40-year flood event four years before dam removal. Two years after dam removal began, as the river had started to incise through deposits of the initial sediment wave, ~ 1.2 million t of new sediment (~ 10% of the amount released from the two reservoirs) was stored along 18 river km of the mainstem channel and 25 km of floodplain channels. The Elwha River thus was able to transport most of the released sediment to the river mouth. The geomorphic alterations and changing bed sediment grain size along the Elwha River have important ecological implications, affecting aquatic habitat structure, benthic fauna, salmonid fish spawning and rearing potential, and riparian vegetation. The response of the river to dam removal represents a unique opportunity to observe and quantify fundamental geomorphic processes associated with a massive sediment influx, and also provides important lessons for future river-restoration endeavors.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.08.028","usgsCitation":"East, A., Pess, G.R., Bountry, J.A., Magirl, C.S., Ritchie, A., Logan, J.B., Randle, T.J., Mastin, M.C., Minear, J.T., Duda, J., Liermann, M.C., McHenry, M.L., Beechie, T.J., and Shafroth, P.B., 2015, Large-scale dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington, USA: river channel and floodplain geomorphic change: Geomorphology, v. 228, p. 765-786, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.08.028.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"765","endPage":"786","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068997","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298135,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Elwha River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.64013671874999,\n 47.95222519664455\n ],\n [\n -123.64013671874999,\n 48.164711477297736\n ],\n [\n -123.519287109375,\n 48.164711477297736\n ],\n [\n -123.519287109375,\n 47.95222519664455\n ],\n [\n -123.64013671874999,\n 47.95222519664455\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"228","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54eef227e4b02d776a684b05","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.08.028","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.08.028","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"East Amy E., Pess George R., Bountry Jennifer A., Magirl Christopher S., Ritchie Andrew C., Logan Joshua B., Randle Timothy J., Mastin Mark C., Minear Justin T., Duda Jeffrey J., Liermann Martin C., McHenry Michael L., Beechie Timothy J., Shafroth Patrick B.","journalName":"Geomorphology","publicationDate":"1/2015","auditedOn":"11/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"East, Amy E. aeast@usgs.gov","contributorId":2472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Amy E.","email":"aeast@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pess, George R.","contributorId":13501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pess","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6578,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bountry, Jennifer A.","contributorId":30114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bountry","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7183,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ritchie, Andrew C.","contributorId":139060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ritchie","given":"Andrew C.","affiliations":[{"id":6924,"text":"National Park Service, Upper Columbia Basin Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Logan, Joshua B. 0000-0002-6191-4119 jlogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6191-4119","contributorId":2335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logan","given":"Joshua","email":"jlogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Randle, Timothy J.","contributorId":90994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randle","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7183,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mastin, Mark C. 0000-0003-4018-7861 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jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":3323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey J.","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Liermann, Martin C.","contributorId":139467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liermann","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6578,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"McHenry, Michael L.","contributorId":39672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McHenry","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Beechie, Timothy J.","contributorId":139468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beechie","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6578,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Shafroth, Patrick B. 0000-0002-6064-871X shafrothp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6064-871X","contributorId":2000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"Patrick","email":"shafrothp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70141845,"text":"sir20145241 - 2015 - Conceptual and numerical models of groundwater flow in the Ogallala and Arikaree aquifers, Pine Ridge Indian Reservation area, South Dakota, water years 1980-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:05:15","indexId":"sir20145241","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-23T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5241","title":"Conceptual and numerical models of groundwater flow in the Ogallala and Arikaree aquifers, Pine Ridge Indian Reservation area, South Dakota, water years 1980-2009","docAbstract":"

The Ogallala and Arikaree aquifers are the largest sources of groundwater on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation and are used extensively for irrigation and public and domestic water supplies. To assess the potential for decreased water levels and discharge to streams in the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, conceptual and numerical models of groundwater flow in the Ogallala and Arikaree aquifers in southwestern South Dakota were developed by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Oglala Sioux Tribe. The study area includes most of the Pine Ridge Reservation in Jackson and Shannon Counties and Indian trust lands in Bennett County in southwestern South Dakota.

\n

The High Plains aquifer, which includes the Ogallala and Arikaree aquifers, generally is less developed in South Dakota compared with other areas underlain by this aquifer; therefore, water levels in the High Plains aquifer in South Dakota generally fluctuated by less than 5 feet (ft) from 1980 to 1999. Despite minimal water-level changes in the High Plains aquifer in South Dakota, extensive withdrawals of groundwater for irrigation have caused water-level declines in many areas and increased concerns about the long-term sustainability of the aquifer; therefore, continued or increased withdrawals from the aquifer or prolonged drought may have the potential to affect water levels within the aquifer and discharge to important streams in the area.

\n

The Ogallala and Arikaree aquifers generally consist of poorly consolidated claystones, siltstones, sandstones, and shale deposited in fluvial and lacustrine environments. Saturated thicknesses ranged from 10 to 314 ft for the Ogllala aquifer and from 10 to 862 ft for the Arikaree aquifer. Previous hydraulic conductivity estimates ranged from less than 1 to 180 feet per day (ft/d) for the Ogallala aquifer and from less than 1 to 13 ft/d for the Arikaree aquifer.

\n

Recharge to the Ogallala and Arikaree aquifers is from precipitation on the outcrop areas, and discharge occurs through evapotranspiration, discharge to streams, and well withdrawals. Evapotranspiration generally occurs in topographically low areas along streams, and maximum evapotranspiration occurs when the water level is at the land surface.

\n

The generalized groundwater-flow direction is to the northeast with local flow towards streams. Precipitation for water years 1980–2009 ranged from about 11 to 39 inches per year (in/yr) and averaged about 19 in/yr. Estimated mean recharge for water years 1980–2009 was about 17.3 percent of precipitation for the Ogallala aquifer and 7.9 percent of precipitation for the Arikaree aquifer. The estimated mean maximum evapotranspiration for water years 1980–2009 was about 35 in/yr. Estimated mean base flow for gaged streams was about 0.06 cubic foot per second (ft3/s) per square mile of drainage area. Estimated mean total water use for water years 1980–2009 was 5.4 ft3/s from the Ogallala aquifer and 7.1 ft3/s from the Arikaree aquifer.

\n

A two-layer numerical groundwater-flow model was constructed using MODFLOW–NWT with a uniformly spaced grid consisting of 166 rows and 288 columns with cells 1,640 ft on a side. The numerical model of the Ogallala and Arikaree aquifers was used to simulate steady-state and transient conditions for water years 1980–2009. Model calibration was accomplished using the Parameter ESTimation (PEST) program that adjusted individual model input parameters and assessed the difference between estimated and model-simulated values of hydraulic head and base flow. Aquifer boundaries were no-flow on the northern and western sides and constant-head on the southern and eastern sides. The mean arithmetic difference was 1.4 ft between the 731 simulated and observed hydraulic heads in the Ogallala aquifer and 9.8 ft between the 2,754 simulated and observed hydraulic heads in the Arikaree aquifer. Simulated mean discharge from the Ogallala and Arikaree aquifers to selected stream reaches was 92.1 ft3/s compared to estimated discharge of 88.7 ft3/s.

\n

Calibrated recharge for the transient simulation averaged 3.3 in/yr for the Ogallala aquifer and 1.1 in/yr for the Arikaree aquifer. The mean maximum potential evapotranspiration rate was 35.4 in/yr. Streambed conductance for perennial stream reaches averaged 530 feet squared per day. Horizontal hydraulic conductivity averaged 27 ft/d for the Ogallala aquifer and 1.0 ft/d for the Arikaree aquifer. The vertical hydraulic conductivity averaged 1.4 ft/d for the Ogallala aquifer and 0.004 ft/d for the Arikaree aquifer. Specific yield for the Ogallala aquifer was 0.15 (dimensionless) and averaged 0.02 for the Arikaree aquifer. Specific storage for the Arikaree aquifer was 1.7x10-6 per foot. Simulated steady-state model inflow and outflow was 459 ft3/s. The percentages of inflows were 17 percent from constant-head boundaries, 9 percent from streams, and 74 percent from recharge. Percentages of outflow were 8 percent to constant-head boundaries, 1 percent to wells, 31 percent to streams, and 59 percent to evapotranspiration. Simulated net inflow from the Ogallala aquifer to the Arikaree aquifer ranged from about 22 ft3/s in dry years to about 37 ft3/s in wet years.

\n

Two hypothetical future stress scenarios were simulated using input from the 30-year calibrated simulation of water years 1980–2009. The first hypothetical scenario represented an increase in groundwater withdrawals from 50 hypothetical production wells completed in the Arikaree aquifer. At the end of the 30-year hypothetical increased pumping simulation, water levels declined as much as 66 ft in the Arikaree aquifer, decreased discharge to streams accounted for about 26 percent (2.6 ft3/s) of increased withdrawals, and decreased evapotranspiration accounted for about 53 (5.3 ft3/s) percent of increased withdrawals.

\n

The second hypothetical scenario represented a 30-year period of decreased recharge (drought) by decreasing recharge 0.2 inch (24 ft3/s) for each water year. At the end of the hypothetical drought simulation, water levels declined as much as 10.9 ft in the Arikaree aquifer, decreased discharge to streams accounted for about 23 percent (5.5 ft3/s) of decreased recharge, and decreased evapotranspiration accounted for about 72 percent (17.3 ft3/s) of decreased recharge.

\n

The numerical model is a tool that could be used to better understand the flow system of the Ogallala and Arikaree aquifers, to approximate hydraulic heads in the aquifer, and to estimate discharge to rivers, springs, and seeps in the Pine Ridge Reservation area in Bennett, Jackson, and Shannon Counties. The model also is useful to help assess the response of the aquifer to additional stress, including potential increased well withdrawals and potential drought conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145241","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oglala Sioux Tribe","usgsCitation":"Davis, K.W., Putnam, L.D., and LaBelle, A.R., 2015, Conceptual and numerical models of groundwater flow in the Ogallala and Arikaree aquifers, Pine Ridge Indian Reservation area, South Dakota, water years 1980-2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5241, x, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145241.","productDescription":"x, 68 p.","numberOfPages":"82","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1979-10-01","temporalEnd":"2009-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-045449","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298106,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145241.jpg"},{"id":298103,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5241/pdf/sir2014-5241.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":298101,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5241/"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 14","country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Arikaree Aquifer, Ogallala Aquifer, Pine Ridge Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.98858642578125,\n 42.99862111927107\n ],\n [\n -102.98858642578125,\n 43.7294293330051\n ],\n [\n -101.19781494140625,\n 43.7294293330051\n ],\n [\n -101.19781494140625,\n 42.99862111927107\n ],\n [\n -102.98858642578125,\n 42.99862111927107\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54ec4f2de4b02d776a67da93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Kyle W. 0000-0002-8723-0110 kyledavis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8723-0110","contributorId":3987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Kyle","email":"kyledavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Putnam, Larry D. ldputnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Putnam","given":"Larry","email":"ldputnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":541124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LaBelle, Anneka R.","contributorId":139410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaBelle","given":"Anneka","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12443,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70141427,"text":"70141427 - 2015 - Large-scale dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington, USA: coastal geomorphic change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-17T14:46:52","indexId":"70141427","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-18T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large-scale dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington, USA: coastal geomorphic change","docAbstract":"

Two dams on the Elwha River, Washington State, USA trapped over 20 million m3 of mud, sand, and gravel since 1927, reducing downstream sediment fluxes and contributing to erosion of the river's coastal delta. The removal of the Elwha and Glines Canyon dams, initiated in September 2011, induced massive increases in river sediment supply and provided an unprecedented opportunity to examine the geomorphic response of a coastal delta to these increases. Detailed measurements of beach topography and nearshore bathymetry show that ~ 2.5 million m3 of sediment was deposited during the first two years of dam removal, which is ~ 100 times greater than deposition rates measured prior to dam removal. The majority of the deposit was located in the intertidal and shallow subtidal region immediately offshore of the river mouth and was composed of sand and gravel. Additional areas of deposition include a secondary sandy deposit to the east of the river mouth and a muddy deposit west of the mouth. A comparison with fluvial sediment fluxes suggests that ~ 70% of the sand and gravel and ~ 6% of the mud supplied by the river was found in the survey area (within about 2 km of the mouth). A hydrodynamic and sediment transport model, validated with in-situ measurements, shows that tidal currents interacting with the larger relict submarine delta help disperse fine sediment large distances east and west of the river mouth. The model also suggests that waves and currents erode the primary deposit located near the river mouth and transport sandy sediment eastward to form the secondary deposit. Though most of the substrate of the larger relict submarine delta was unchanged during the first two years of dam removal, portions of the seafloor close to the river mouth became finer, modifying habitats for biological communities. These results show that river restoration, like natural changes in river sediment supply, can result in rapid and substantial coastal geomorphological responses.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.01.002","usgsCitation":"Gelfenbaum, G.R., Stevens, A.W., Miller, I.M., Warrick, J., Ogston, A.S., and Eidam, E., 2015, Large-scale dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington, USA: coastal geomorphic change: Geomorphology, v. 246, no. 1, p. 649-668, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.01.002.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"649","endPage":"668","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058068","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472272,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.01.002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":298024,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Elwha River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.74519348144531,\n 47.95636395852882\n ],\n [\n -123.74519348144531,\n 48.24936904607431\n ],\n [\n -123.3380126953125,\n 48.24936904607431\n ],\n [\n -123.3380126953125,\n 47.95636395852882\n ],\n [\n -123.74519348144531,\n 47.95636395852882\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"246","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54e5b7ede4b02d776a669ea3","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.01.002","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.01.002","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Gelfenbaum Guy, Stevens Andrew W., Miller Ian, Warrick Jonathan A., Ogston Andrea S., Eidam Emily","journalName":"Geomorphology","publicationDate":"10/2015","publiclyAccessibleDate":"8/15/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy R. 0000-0003-1291-6107 ggelfenbaum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1291-6107","contributorId":742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","email":"ggelfenbaum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stevens, Andrew W. astevens@usgs.gov","contributorId":3199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Andrew","email":"astevens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Ian M. 0000-0002-3289-6337","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3289-6337","contributorId":41951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. jwarrick@usgs.gov","contributorId":1904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan A.","email":"jwarrick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ogston, Andrea S.","contributorId":12119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogston","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eidam, Emily","contributorId":139311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eidam","given":"Emily","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12729,"text":"UW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70144681,"text":"70144681 - 2015 - The 21 May 2014 Mw 5.9 Bay of Bengal earthquake: macroseismic data suggest a high‐stress‐drop event","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-31T10:56:24","indexId":"70144681","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 21 May 2014 Mw 5.9 Bay of Bengal earthquake: macroseismic data suggest a high‐stress‐drop event","docAbstract":"

A modest but noteworthy Mw 5.9 earthquake occurred in the Bay of Bengal beneath the central Bengal fan at 21:51 Indian Standard Time (16:21 UTC) on 21 May 2014. Centered over 300 km from the eastern coastline of India (Fig. 1), it caused modest damage by virtue of its location and magnitude. However, shaking was very widely felt in parts of eastern India where earthquakes are uncommon. Media outlets reported as many as four fatalities. Although most deaths were blamed on heart attacks, the death of one woman was attributed by different sources to either a roof collapse or a stampede (see Table S1, available in the electronic supplement to this article). Across the state of Odisha, as many as 250 people were injured (see Table S1), most after jumping from balconies or terraces. Light damage was reported from a number of towns on coastal deltaic sediments, including collapsed walls and damage to pukka and thatched dwellings. Shaking was felt well inland into east‐central India and was perceptible in multistoried buildings as far as Chennai, Delhi, and Jaipur at distances of ≈1600  km (Table 1).

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220140155","usgsCitation":"Martin, S., and Hough, S.E., 2015, The 21 May 2014 Mw 5.9 Bay of Bengal earthquake: macroseismic data suggest a high‐stress‐drop event: Seismological Research Letters, v. 86, no. 2A, p. 369-377, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220140155.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"377","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058318","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472274,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220140155","text":"External Repository"},{"id":299197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Bay of Bengal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 79.8486328125,\n 10.401377554543553\n ],\n [\n 79.8486328125,\n 11.652236404115413\n ],\n [\n 80.4638671875,\n 13.410994034321702\n ],\n [\n 80.1123046875,\n 15.496032414238634\n ],\n [\n 82.2216796875,\n 16.341225619207496\n ],\n [\n 82.529296875,\n 17.014767530557833\n ],\n [\n 85.341796875,\n 19.394067895396628\n ],\n [\n 86.748046875,\n 20.262197124246534\n ],\n [\n 87.1875,\n 20.797201434307\n ],\n [\n 87.451171875,\n 21.4121622297254\n ],\n [\n 89.56054687499999,\n 21.616579336740603\n ],\n [\n 91.0546875,\n 21.90227796666864\n ],\n [\n 91.49414062499999,\n 22.024545601240337\n ],\n [\n 93.42773437499999,\n 19.228176737766262\n ],\n [\n 93.2958984375,\n 18.47960905583197\n ],\n [\n 93.8671875,\n 18.271086109608877\n ],\n [\n 94.39453125,\n 17.43451055152291\n ],\n [\n 94.1748046875,\n 16.003575733881327\n ],\n [\n 92.8564453125,\n 13.025965926333539\n ],\n [\n 92.28515625,\n 10.14193168613103\n ],\n [\n 93.4716796875,\n 7.013667927566642\n ],\n [\n 92.2412109375,\n 5.79089681287197\n ],\n [\n 88.0224609375,\n 4.959615024698026\n ],\n [\n 83.1005859375,\n 5.266007882805511\n ],\n [\n 82.0458984375,\n 7.318881730366756\n ],\n [\n 79.8486328125,\n 10.401377554543553\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"86","issue":"2A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bc52ee4b0323842783a59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Stacey","contributorId":35165,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Stacey","affiliations":[{"id":5110,"text":"Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hough, Susan E. 0000-0002-5980-2986 hough@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"Susan","email":"hough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70137844,"text":"70137844 - 2015 - Yellowstone plume trigger for Basin and Range extension, and coeval emplacement of the Nevada–Columbia Basin magmatic belt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-31T14:58:18.760265","indexId":"70137844","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-17T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Yellowstone plume trigger for Basin and Range extension, and coeval emplacement of the Nevada–Columbia Basin magmatic belt","docAbstract":"

Widespread extension began across the northern and central Basin and Range Province at 17–16 Ma, contemporaneous with magmatism along the Nevada–Columbia Basin magmatic belt, a linear zone of dikes and volcanic centers that extends for >1000 km, from southern Nevada to the Columbia Basin of eastern Washington. This belt was generated above an elongated sublithospheric melt zone associated with arrival of the Yellowstone mantle plume, with a north-south tabular shape attributed to plume ascent through a propagating fracture in the Juan de Fuca slab. Dike orientation along the magmatic belt suggests an extension direction of 245°–250°, but this trend lies oblique to the regional extension direction of 280°–300° during coeval and younger Basin and Range faulting, an ∼45° difference. Field relationships suggest that this magmatic trend was not controlled by regional stress in the upper crust, but rather by magma overpressure from below and forceful dike injection with an orientation inherited from a deeper process in the sublithospheric mantle. The southern half of the elongated zone of mantle upwelling was emplaced beneath a cratonic lithosphere with an elevated surface derived from Late Cretaceous to mid-Tertiary crustal thickening. This high Nevadaplano was primed for collapse with high gravitational potential energy under the influence of regional stress, partly derived from boundary forces due to Pacific–North American plate interaction. Plume arrival at 17–16 Ma resulted in advective thermal weakening of the lithosphere, mantle traction, delamination, and added buoyancy to the northern and central Basin and Range. It was not the sole cause of Basin and Range extension, but rather the catalyst for extension of the Nevadaplano, which was already on the verge of regional collapse.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder","doi":"10.1130/GES01051.1","usgsCitation":"Camp, V., Pierce, K.L., and Morgan Morzel, L., 2015, Yellowstone plume trigger for Basin and Range extension, and coeval emplacement of the Nevada–Columbia Basin magmatic belt: Geosphere, v. 11, no. 2, p. 203-225, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01051.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"225","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062304","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472275,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01051.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":310249,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.43115234375,\n 36.96744946416931\n ],\n [\n -124.43115234375,\n 46.830133640447386\n ],\n [\n -113.51074218749999,\n 46.830133640447386\n ],\n [\n -113.51074218749999,\n 36.96744946416931\n ],\n [\n -124.43115234375,\n 36.96744946416931\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5628b74fe4b0d158f5926c68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Camp, Victor E","contributorId":138632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camp","given":"Victor E","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, Kenneth L. kpierce@usgs.gov","contributorId":1609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Kenneth","email":"kpierce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morgan Morzel, Lisa Ann lmorgan@usgs.gov","contributorId":761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan Morzel","given":"Lisa Ann","email":"lmorgan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70139718,"text":"ds905 - 2015 - Estuarine bed-sediment-quality data collected in New Jersey and New York after Hurricane Sandy, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-16T10:00:19","indexId":"ds905","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-16T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"905","title":"Estuarine bed-sediment-quality data collected in New Jersey and New York after Hurricane Sandy, 2013","docAbstract":"

This report describes a reconnaissance study of estuarine bed-sediment quality conducted June–October 2013 in New Jersey and New York after Hurricane Sandy in October 2012 to assess the extent of contamination and the potential long-term human and ecological impacts of the storm. The study, funded through the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act of 2013 (PL 113-2), was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration. In addition to presenting the bed-sediment-quality data, the report describes the study design, documents the methods of sample collection and analysis, and discusses the steps taken to assure the quality of the data.

\n

Bed-sediment samples were collected from June to October 2013 from 167 estuarine sites extending from Cape May, New Jersey, to the New York Harbor and the eastern end of Long Island. Each sampling location and study region was characterized by using geographic information to identify potential contaminant sources. Characterizations included land cover, locations and types of businesses (industrial, financial, and others), spills (sewage, chemical, and others), bulk storage facilities, effluent discharges within 2 kilometers of the sampling point, and discharges within inundated and non-inundated regions near the sampling location. Samples were analyzed for particle size, total organic carbon, metals and trace elements, semivolatile organic compounds, wastewater compounds, hormones, and sediment toxicity. Samples were also screened using x-ray fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction. In addition, bioassays for endocrine disruptors and protein phosphatase 2A inhibition were conducted. The study was designed to provide the data needed to understand the extent and sources of contamination resulting from Hurricane Sandy, to compare the chemistry and toxicity of estuarine bed sediments before and after the storm, and to evaluate the usefulness of rapid screening and bioassay approaches in disaster settings.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds905","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, New York City Department of Environmental Protection, Suffolk County Department of Health Services, and Town of Hempstead","usgsCitation":"Fischer, J., Phillips, P., Reilly, T.J., Focazio, M.J., Loftin, K.A., Benzel, W., Jones, D.K., Smalling, K., Fisher, S.C., Fisher, I., Iwanowicz, L., Romanok, K., Jenkins, D.E., Bowers, L., Boehlke, A., Foreman, W., Deetz, A., Carper, L.G., Imbrigiotta, T., and Birdwell, J.E., 2015, Estuarine bed-sediment-quality data collected in New Jersey and New York after Hurricane Sandy, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 905, Report: xiv, 42 p.; 38 Tables; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds905.","productDescription":"Report: xiv, 42 p.; 38 Tables; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058012","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297994,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds905.jpg"},{"id":297990,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0905/"},{"id":297991,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0905/support/pdf/ds905.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":297992,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0905/support/xlsx/ds905-tables.xlsx","text":"Tables 1-38","size":"4.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Tables 1-38","linkHelpText":"This file contains worksheets for all the 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Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Boehlke, Adam 0000-0003-4980-431X aboehlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-431X","contributorId":3470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boehlke","given":"Adam","email":"aboehlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Foreman, William T. wforeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foreman","given":"William T.","email":"wforeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Deetz, Anna C.","contributorId":32764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deetz","given":"Anna C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Carper, Lisa G.","contributorId":139275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carper","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Imbrigiotta, Thomas E. 0000-0003-1716-4768 timbrig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1716-4768","contributorId":138988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Imbrigiotta","given":"Thomas E.","email":"timbrig@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}} ,{"id":70164523,"text":"70164523 - 2015 - Re–Os age for the Lower–Middle Pennsylvanian Boundary and comparison with associated palynoflora","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-09T13:36:42","indexId":"70164523","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Re–Os age for the Lower–Middle Pennsylvanian Boundary and comparison with associated palynoflora","docAbstract":"
\n

The Betsie Shale Member is a relatively thick and continuous unit that serves as a marker bed across the central Appalachian basin, in part because it includes an organic-rich shale unit at its base that is observable in drill logs. Deposited during a marine transgression, the Betsie Shale Member has been correlated to units in both Wales and Germany and has been proposed to mark the boundary between the Lower and Middle Pennsylvanian Series within North America. This investigation assigns a new Re–Os date to the base of the Betsie and examines the palynoflora and maceral composition of the underlying Matewan coal bed in the context of that date. The Matewan coal bed contains abundant lycopsid tree spores along its base with assemblage diversity and inertinite content increasing upsection, as sulfur content and ash yield decrease. Taken together, these palynologic and organic petrographic results suggest a submerged paleomire that transitioned to an exposed peat surface. Notably, separating the lower and upper benches of the Matewan is a parting with very high sulfur content (28 wt.%), perhaps representing an early marine pulse prior to the full on transgression responsible for depositing the Betsie. Results from Re–Os geochronology date the base of the Betsie at 323 ± 7.8 Ma, consistent with previously determined age constraints as well as the palynoflora assemblage presented herein. The Betsie Shale Member is also highly enriched in Re (ranging from 319.7 to 1213 ng/g), with high 187Re/188Os values ranging from 3644 to 5737 likely resultant from varying redox conditions between the pore water and overlying water column during deposition and early condensing of the section.

\n

 

\n
","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2015.01.002","usgsCitation":"Geboy, N., Tripathy, G., Ruppert, L.F., Eble, C., Blake, B., Hannah, J.L., and Stein, H.J., 2015, Re–Os age for the Lower–Middle Pennsylvanian Boundary and comparison with associated palynoflora: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 140, p. 23-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2015.01.002.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"30","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055765","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2015.01.002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":316745,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","county":"Wyoming County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.48147583007812,\n 37.78808138412046\n ],\n [\n -81.441650390625,\n 37.779398571318765\n ],\n [\n -81.39358520507812,\n 37.71315858834301\n ],\n [\n -81.26449584960938,\n 37.54457732085582\n ],\n [\n -81.243896484375,\n 37.5217078750146\n ],\n [\n -81.22055053710938,\n 37.49883141715704\n ],\n [\n -81.24526977539062,\n 37.48466628708502\n ],\n [\n -81.30432128906249,\n 37.45741810262938\n ],\n [\n -81.32217407226562,\n 37.4519672738549\n ],\n [\n -81.35238647460938,\n 37.454147653035456\n ],\n [\n -81.40869140625,\n 37.460688409207044\n ],\n [\n -81.4581298828125,\n 37.47485808497102\n ],\n [\n -81.51168823242188,\n 37.501010429493284\n ],\n [\n -81.5570068359375,\n 37.50209991181568\n ],\n [\n -81.60507202148438,\n 37.50318937824072\n ],\n [\n -81.63116455078124,\n 37.508636471899976\n ],\n [\n -81.65725708007812,\n 37.51735099503349\n ],\n [\n -81.683349609375,\n 37.51626173528878\n ],\n [\n -81.71218872070312,\n 37.51190453731693\n ],\n [\n -81.75338745117188,\n 37.505368263398104\n ],\n [\n -81.78771972656249,\n 37.501010429493284\n ],\n [\n -81.815185546875,\n 37.50209991181568\n ],\n [\n -81.8316650390625,\n 37.5238862196042\n ],\n [\n -81.84951782226561,\n 37.55655375544381\n ],\n [\n -81.84539794921875,\n 37.57179370689751\n ],\n [\n -81.83029174804688,\n 37.58811876638322\n ],\n [\n -81.8206787109375,\n 37.615319243559085\n ],\n [\n -81.8096923828125,\n 37.63489742852906\n ],\n [\n -81.80557250976562,\n 37.67077737288316\n ],\n [\n -81.80419921875,\n 37.70229391925025\n ],\n [\n -81.78634643554688,\n 37.72076290898373\n ],\n [\n -81.75201416015625,\n 37.74465712069939\n ],\n [\n -81.75338745117188,\n 37.77017196507861\n ],\n [\n -81.78016662597656,\n 37.79676317682161\n ],\n [\n -81.74240112304688,\n 37.80544394934274\n ],\n [\n -81.72386169433594,\n 37.81466615224322\n ],\n [\n -81.69090270996094,\n 37.815751041563544\n ],\n [\n -81.66893005371094,\n 37.815751041563544\n ],\n [\n -81.65176391601562,\n 37.81629348024509\n ],\n [\n -81.63940429687499,\n 37.820632846207864\n ],\n [\n -81.61056518554688,\n 37.811411388625636\n ],\n [\n -81.5789794921875,\n 37.80273131752431\n ],\n [\n -81.55632019042969,\n 37.79730575499309\n ],\n [\n -81.53091430664062,\n 37.79839089938073\n ],\n [\n -81.50276184082031,\n 37.79350762410675\n ],\n [\n -81.48147583007812,\n 37.78808138412046\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"140","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bb1bcfe4b08d617f654e67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geboy, Nicholas J. ngeboy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geboy","given":"Nicholas J.","email":"ngeboy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tripathy, G.R","contributorId":156395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tripathy","given":"G.R","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20338,"text":"AIRIE Program, Colorado State University, Ft. 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L.","contributorId":91993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hannah","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stein, H. J.","contributorId":98748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70059151,"text":"sir20135232 - 2015 - Water-level conditions in the confined aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-26T08:09:59","indexId":"sir20135232","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-12T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5232","title":"Water-level conditions in the confined aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, 2008","docAbstract":"

Groundwater-level altitudes in 10 confined aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain were measured and evaluated to provide an overview of regional groundwater conditions during fall 2008. Water levels were measured in more than 900 wells in New Jersey, eastern Pennsylvania, and northern Delaware and potentiometric surface maps prepared for the confined Cohansey aquifer of Cape May County, the Rio Grande water-bearing zone, the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, the Piney Point, Vincentown, and the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifers, the Englishtown aquifer system, and the Upper, Middle, and Lower aquifers of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system. In 2008, the highest water-level altitudes were observed in the Vincentown aquifer (median, 78 ft) and the lowest in the Atlantic City 800-foot sand (median, -45 ft). Persistent, regionally extensive cones of depression were present within the potentiometric surfaces of the Englishtown aquifer system in east-central New Jersey, the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer in east-central and southern New Jersey, the Upper, Middle, and Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifers in southern New Jersey, and the Atlantic City 800-foot sand in the southeastern part of the State. Cones of depression in the potentiometric surfaces of the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy and the Piney Point aquifers in east-central and southwestern New Jersey had broadened and deepened since 2003.

\n

Declining water levels in many of New Jersey’s confined Coastal Plain aquifers intensified during the late 1970s and early 1980s, prompting the designation of two water-supply Critical Areas by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection; Critical Areas 1 and 2 continued to be of concern. To address that concern, water-level changes were assessed in nearly 800 wells measured during the fall of 2003 and 2008, and potentiometric-surface difference maps for each aquifer were constructed and evaluated. In addition, water-level trends were calculated for 77 wells for the periods 2003–8 and 1998–2008 and for 73 wells for the period 1978–2008.

\n

From 2003 to 2008 small to moderate water-level changes were observed in many Coastal Plain aquifers in New Jersey, but in places, groundwater levels continued to decline substantially as a result of pumping. Groundwater levels in the Atlantic City 800-foot sand were lower in 2008 than in 2003; declines were greatest near pumping centers in eastern Atlantic County. Changes were less pronounced in Cape May County where water levels were, on average, 1 to 3 feet (ft) lower than those during the previous study (2003), except near Rio Grande where a localized cone of depression had formed as a result of increased withdrawals. Large and widespread declines occurred in the Piney Point aquifer in Cumberland County where water levels in and around the city of Bridgeton had fallen in excess of 100 ft since 2003, and by 30 ft to more than 60 ft in surrounding areas. Groundwater levels in the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer and Englishtown aquifer system continued to recover in east-central New Jersey; however, groundwater levels in the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer throughout the southern part of the State continued to decline.

\n

In the Upper Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, groundwater levels were substantially lower than in 2003 in parts of northern Ocean County but were stable in the area adjacent to Raritan Bay (Critical Area 1), and water levels continued to recover in southern New Jersey. In the Middle Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer, water levels rose near Raritan Bay in Middlesex County; however, modest declines were recorded in interior areas of Monmouth and Ocean Counties. Groundwater levels in both the Middle and Lower Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifers were stable or rising within the regional cone of depression in Critical Area 2; beyond the critical area in southern New Jersey, however, water levels were slightly lower than in 2003.

\n

Analyses of long-term water-level changes indicate that from 1978 to 2008 downward trends occurred at 20 wells (27 percent), upward trends at 27 wells (37 percent), and trends at 26 wells (36 percent) were insubstantial. Sustained, long-term declines were observed most often at wells within the Atlantic City 800-foot sand and at wells in the Piney Point aquifer in southern New Jersey, in which rates of decline were as great as 1.4 feet/year. Upward water-level trends were observed frequently at wells screened in the Englishtown aquifer system and the Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer in Critical Area 1 in east-central New Jersey, and in the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in parts of Critical Area 1 and throughout most of Critical Area 2 in southern New Jersey. Annual rates of upward change were as great as 3.9 and 5.6 ft/yr in the Englishtown aquifer system and Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer, respectively. Among the units of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system, annual rates of recovery were greatest in the Lower aquifer.

\n

From 1998 to 2008, downward water-level trends were observed at 22 wells (29 percent), upward trends were observed at 21 wells (27 percent), and insubstantial trends at 34 wells (44 percent). Downward trends were detected most often at wells open to the Piney Point aquifer and the Atlantic City 800-foot sand. Upward water-level trends were most frequent in wells open to the Englishtown aquifer system in Critical Area 1 and in wells within the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in southern New Jersey.

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Long-term groundwater depletion in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-01T10:53:20","indexId":"70140758","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-11T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term groundwater depletion in the United States","docAbstract":"

The volume of groundwater stored in the subsurface in the United States decreased by almost 1000 km3 during 1900–2008. The aquifer systems with the three largest volumes of storage depletion include the High Plains aquifer, the Mississippi Embayment section of the Gulf Coastal Plain aquifer system, and the Central Valley of California. Depletion rates accelerated during 1945–1960, averaging 13.6 km3/year during the last half of the century, and after 2000 increased again to about 24 km3/year. Depletion intensity is a new parameter, introduced here, to provide a more consistent basis for comparing storage depletion problems among various aquifers by factoring in time and areal extent of the aquifer. During 2001–2008, the Central Valley of California had the largest depletion intensity. Groundwater depletion in the United States can explain 1.4% of observed sea-level rise during the 108-year study period and 2.1% during 2001–2008. Groundwater depletion must be confronted on local and regional scales to help reduce demand (primarily in irrigated agriculture) and/or increase supply.

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Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1248","title":"Magnetotelluric data collected to characterize aquifers in the San Luis Basin, New Mexico","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey is conducting a series of multidisciplinary studies of the San Luis Basin as part of the Geologic Framework of Rio Grande Basins project. Detailed geologic mapping, high-resolution airborne magnetic surveys, gravity surveys, magnetotelluric surveys, and hydrologic and lithologic data are being used to better understand the aquifers in the San Luis Basin. This report describes one north-south and two east-west regional magnetotelluric sounding profiles, acquired in June of 2010 and July and August of 2011, across the San Luis Basin in northern New Mexico. No interpretation of the data is included.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141248","usgsCitation":"Ailes, C.E., and Rodriguez, B.D., 2015, Magnetotelluric data collected to characterize aquifers in the San Luis Basin, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1248, Report: iv, 9 p.; Table 2; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141248.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 9 p.; Table 2; Appendix","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-038565","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297912,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141248.jpg"},{"id":297905,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1248/"},{"id":297909,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1248/pdf/ofr2014-1248.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":297910,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1248/downloads/ofr2014-1248_Table2.xls","text":"Table 2","size":"1.27 MB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 2"},{"id":297911,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1248/downloads/ofr2014-1248_Appendix.pdf","size":"79.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"San Luis Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.28036499023438,\n 36.147855714690515\n ],\n [\n -106.28036499023438,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -105.10345458984375,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -105.10345458984375,\n 36.147855714690515\n ],\n [\n -106.28036499023438,\n 36.147855714690515\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a94e4b08de9379b310e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ailes, Chad E. cailes@usgs.gov","contributorId":3995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ailes","given":"Chad","email":"cailes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez, Brian D. 0000-0002-2263-611X brod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-611X","contributorId":836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Brian","email":"brod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70058741,"text":"sim3280 - 2015 - Bedrock geologic map of the Spring Valley, West Plains, and parts of the Piedmont and Poplar Bluff 30'x60' quadrangles, Missouri, including the upper Current River and Eleven Point River drainage basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-14T10:22:20","indexId":"sim3280","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-05T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3280","title":"Bedrock geologic map of the Spring Valley, West Plains, and parts of the Piedmont and Poplar Bluff 30'x60' quadrangles, Missouri, including the upper Current River and Eleven Point River drainage basins","docAbstract":"

This map covers the drainage basins of the upper Current River and the Eleven Point River in the Ozark Plateaus physiographic province of southeastern Missouri. The two surface drainage basins are contiguous in their headwaters regions, but are separated in their lower reaches by the lower Black River basin in the southeast corner of the map area. Numerous dye-trace studies demonstrate that in the contiguous headwaters areas, groundwater flows from the Eleven Point River basin into the Current River basin. Much of the groundwater discharge of the Eleven Point River basin emanates from Big Spring, located on the Current River. This geologic map and cross sections were produced to help fulfill a need to understand the geologic framework of the region in which this subsurface flow occurs.

\n

The map includes all of the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, a national park created by an Act of Congress in 1964 to protect 134 miles of the Current and Jacks Fork Rivers in south-central Missouri. Located within the park are numerous large springs, including Big Spring, the largest spring in Missouri and one of the ten largest springs in the world. Also within the map area is Greer Spring, which is the main source of the Eleven Point River. Greer Spring is the largest spring on National Forest land in the United States. During flood, flow from Greer Spring is almost as large, volumetrically, as that from Big Spring. The Wild and Scenic Rivers Act in 1968 established a 44-mile section of the Eleven Point River as the Eleven Point National Scenic River, which is entirely within the boundaries of this map.

\n

Potentially economic mineral resources are present in the subsurface in the map area. Exploration drill-hole data indicate that anomalously high concentrations of base-metal sulfides locally occur within the Cambrian Bonneterre Formation. The geologic setting of these anomalous concentrations is similar to that found in the Viburnum Trend, part of the largest lead-mining district in the world. The southernmost part of the Viburnum Trend extends into the northern part of the map area and is exploited by the Sweetwater Mine. Undeveloped and potentially economic occurrences of base metals are known also beneath Blair Creek, a tributary to the Current River in the north-central part of the map area.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3280","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Weary, D.J., Harrison, R., Orndorff, R.C., Weems, R.E., Schindler, J.S., Repetski, J.E., and Pierce, H.A., 2015, Bedrock geologic map of the Spring Valley, West Plains, and parts of the Piedmont and Poplar Bluff 30'x60' quadrangles, Missouri, including the upper Current River and Eleven Point River drainage basins: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3280, 2 Sheets: 40.82 x 56.98 inches and 40.07 x 43.90 inches; Pamphlet: iv, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3280.","productDescription":"2 Sheets: 40.82 x 56.98 inches and 40.07 x 43.90 inches; Pamphlet: iv, 55 p.","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033086","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3280.jpg"},{"id":297756,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3280/pdf/sim3280.pdf","text":"Text Pamphlet","size":"1.02 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Text Pamphlet"},{"id":297755,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3280/pdf/sim3280_sheet2.pdf","text":"Map Sheet 2","size":"14.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Map Sheet 2"},{"id":297754,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3280/pdf/sim3280_sheet1.pdf","text":"Map Sheet 1","size":"15.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Map Sheet 1"},{"id":297753,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3280/"},{"id":297757,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3280/downloads/","text":"Downloads Directory","description":"Downloads Directory","linkHelpText":"Contains: geospatial database. Refer to the Readme.txt (2 KB), Metadata (ZIP, 43 KB), Shape (ZIP, 14 MB), Base Maps (ZIP, 35.2 MB), Geodatabase (ZIP, 15.7 MB), and Residual Mags (ZIP, 32 MB) files for more information."}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Current River, Eleven Point River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.1588134765625,\n 36.49638952000399\n ],\n [\n -92.1588134765625,\n 37.461778479617465\n ],\n [\n -90.1153564453125,\n 37.461778479617465\n ],\n [\n -90.1153564453125,\n 36.49638952000399\n ],\n [\n -92.1588134765625,\n 36.49638952000399\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a5ae4b08de9379b3000","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weary, David J. 0000-0002-6115-6397 dweary@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-6397","contributorId":545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weary","given":"David","email":"dweary@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, Richard W. rharriso@usgs.gov","contributorId":544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Richard W.","email":"rharriso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orndorff, Randall C. 0000-0002-8956-5803 rorndorf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-5803","contributorId":2739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"Randall","email":"rorndorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schindler, J. Stephen 0000-0001-9550-5957 sschindl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9550-5957","contributorId":3270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schindler","given":"J.","email":"sschindl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Repetski, John E. 0000-0002-2298-7120 jrepetski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2298-7120","contributorId":2596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repetski","given":"John","email":"jrepetski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pierce, Herbert A. hpierce@usgs.gov","contributorId":5995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Herbert","email":"hpierce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70140098,"text":"70140098 - 2015 - Beach ridges as paleoseismic indicators of abrupt coastal subsidence during subduction zone earthquakes, and implications for Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone paleoseismology, southeast coast of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-02T15:12:38.596622","indexId":"70140098","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-04T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beach ridges as paleoseismic indicators of abrupt coastal subsidence during subduction zone earthquakes, and implications for Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone paleoseismology, southeast coast of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska","docAbstract":"

The Kenai section of the eastern Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone straddles two areas of high slip in the 1964 great Alaska earthquake and is the least studied of the three megathrust segments (Kodiak, Kenai, Prince William Sound) that ruptured in 1964. Investigation of two coastal sites in the eastern part of the Kenai segment, on the southeast coast of the Kenai Peninsula, identified evidence for two subduction zone earthquakes that predate the 1964 earthquake. Both coastal sites provide paleoseismic data through inferred coseismic subsidence of wetlands and associated subsidence-induced erosion of beach ridges. At Verdant Cove, paleo-beach ridges record the paleoseismic history; whereas at Quicksand Cove, buried soils in drowned coastal wetlands are the primary indicators of paleoearthquake occurrence and age. The timing of submergence and death of trees mark the oldest earthquake at Verdant Cove that is consistent with the age of a well documented ∼900-year-ago subduction zone earthquake that ruptured the Prince William Sound segment of the megathrust to the east and the Kodiak segment to the west. Soils buried within the last 400–450 years mark the penultimate earthquake on the southeast coast of the Kenai Peninsula. The penultimate earthquake probably occurred before AD 1840 from its absence in Russian historical accounts. The penultimate subduction zone earthquake on the Kenai segment did not rupture in conjunction with the Prince William Sound to the northeast. Therefore the Kenai segment, which is presently creeping, can rupture independently of the adjacent Prince William Sound segment that is presently locked.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.01.006","usgsCitation":"Kelsey, H.M., Witter, R., Engelhart, S.E., Briggs, R.W., Nelson, A.R., Haeussler, P.J., and Corbett, D., 2015, Beach ridges as paleoseismic indicators of abrupt coastal subsidence during subduction zone earthquakes, and implications for Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone paleoseismology, southeast coast of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 113, p. 147-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.01.006.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"158","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062026","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489715,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1290683","text":"External Repository"},{"id":297744,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kenai Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.5,\n 59.25\n ],\n [\n -151.5,\n 60.5\n ],\n [\n -149.5,\n 60.5\n ],\n [\n -149.5,\n 59.25\n ],\n [\n -151.5,\n 59.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"113","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a59e4b08de9379b2ffd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelsey, Harvey M.","contributorId":101713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelsey","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":139002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Corbett, D. Reide","contributorId":139024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corbett","given":"D. Reide","affiliations":[{"id":12616,"text":"Dept of Geological Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70135660,"text":"sim3318 - 2015 - Geologic map of the Bodie Hills, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-03T08:48:56","indexId":"sim3318","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-03T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3318","title":"Geologic map of the Bodie Hills, California and Nevada","docAbstract":"

The Bodie Hills covers about 1,200 km2 straddling the California-Nevada state boundary just north of Mono Lake in the western part of the Basin and Range Province, about 20 km east of the central Sierra Nevada. The area is mostly underlain by the partly overlapping, middle to late Miocene Bodie Hills volcanic field and Pliocene to late Pleistocene Aurora volcanic field (John and others, 2012). Upper Miocene to Pliocene sedimentary deposits, mostly basin-filling sediments, gravel deposits, and fanglomerates, lap onto the west, north, and east sides of the Bodie Hills, where they cover older Miocene volcanic rocks. Quaternary surficial deposits, including extensive colluvial, fluvial, glacial, and lacustrine deposits, locally cover all older rocks. Miocene and younger rocks are tilted ≤30° in variable directions. These rocks are cut by several sets of high-angle faults that exhibit a temporal change from conjugate northeast-striking left-lateral and north-striking right-lateral oblique-slip faults in rocks older than about 9 Ma to north- and northwest-striking dip-slip faults in late Miocene rocks. The youngest faults are north-striking normal and northeast-striking left-lateral oblique-slip faults that cut Pliocene-Pleistocene rocks. Numerous hydrothermal systems were active during Miocene magmatism and formed extensive zones of hydrothermally altered rocks and several large mineral deposits, including gold- and silver-rich veins in the Bodie and Aurora mining districts (Vikre and others, in press).

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3318","usgsCitation":"John, D.A., du Bray, E.A., Box, S.E., Vikre, P., Rytuba, J.J., Fleck, R.J., and Moring, B.C., 2015, Geologic map of the Bodie Hills, California and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3318, Report: iv, 64 p.; 2 Map Sheets: 35.48 x 41.49 inches and 35.78 x 29.50 inches; 1 Table; Geodatabase, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3318.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 64 p.; 2 Map Sheets: 35.48 x 41.49 inches and 35.78 x 29.50 inches; 1 Table; Geodatabase","numberOfPages":"69","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055197","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297700,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3318.gif"},{"id":297694,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3318/downloads/SIM3318_Pamphlet.pdf","text":"Map Pamphlet","size":"6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":297695,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3318/downloads/SIM3318_Sheet1.pdf","text":"Map Sheet 1","size":"9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":297696,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3318/downloads/SIM3318_Sheet2.pdf","text":"Map Sheet 2","size":"247 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":297697,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3318/downloads/SIM3318_Table3.xlsx","text":"Table 3","size":"19 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"This table is not included in the pamphlet."},{"id":297698,"rank":6,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3318/downloads/SIM3318_Geodatabase_Shapefiles.zip","text":"Geodatabase","size":"69.3 MB","linkHelpText":"Contains: geospatial database and accompanying files. 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2015 - Potentiometric surfaces and water-level trends in the Cockfield (upper Claiborne) aquifer in southern Arkansas and the Wilcox (lower Wilcox) aquifer of northeastern and southern Arkansas, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-20T14:25:03","indexId":"sir20145232","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-02T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5232","title":"Potentiometric surfaces and water-level trends in the Cockfield (upper Claiborne) aquifer in southern Arkansas and the Wilcox (lower Wilcox) aquifer of northeastern and southern Arkansas, 2012","docAbstract":"

The Cockfield aquifer, located in southern Arkansas, is composed of Eocene-age sand beds found near the base of the Cockfield Formation of Claiborne Group. The Wilcox aquifer, located in northeastern and southern Arkansas, is composed of Paleocene-age sand beds found in the middle to lower part of the Wilcox Group. The Cockfield and Wilcox aquifers are primary sources of groundwater. In 2010, withdrawals from the Cockfield aquifer in Arkansas totaled 19.2 million gallons per day (Mgal/d), and withdrawals from the Wilcox aquifer totaled 36.5 Mgal/d.

\n

A study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission and the Arkansas Geological Survey to measure water levels associated with the Cockfield aquifer and the Wilcox aquifer in northeastern and southern Arkansas. Water levels were measured at 43 wells completed in the Cockfield aquifer and 47 wells completed in the Wilcox aquifer in February and March 2012. Measurements from 2012 are presented as potentiometric-surface maps and in combination with measurements from 2006 as water-level difference maps. Trends in water-level change over time within the Cockfield and Wilcox aquifers were determined using the water-level difference maps and selected well hydrographs.

\n

The Cockfield aquifer study area in southern Arkansas is bounded on the east by the Mississippi River and on the west by the area that contains outcrops and subcrops of the Cockfield Formation. The northern boundary of the Cockfield aquifer study area is defined by the area that contains observation wells completed in the Cockfield aquifer and the southern boundary is the Louisiana State line.

\n

The Wilcox aquifer study area in northeastern Arkansas is bounded on the east by the Mississippi River and on the north by the Missouri State line. The southern and western boundaries are defined by areas containing observation wells completed in the Wilcox aquifer or by outcrop areas on or near Crowleys Ridge. The Wilcox aquifer study area in southern Arkansas is defined by observation wells completed in the Wilcox aquifer or by areas that contain outcrops of the Wilcox Group, or both.

\n

The potentiometric-surface map of the Cockfield aquifer shows the regional direction of groundwater flow was generally toward the east-southeast, except in areas of intense groundwater withdrawals such as southwestern Ashley County, where groundwater flows toward the town of Crossett. The highest water-level altitude measured was 350 feet (ft) above National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29) in central Columbia County. The lowest water-level altitude measured was 40 ft above NGVD 29 in southeastern Lincoln County.

\n

The water-level difference map for the Cockfield aquifer in Arkansas was constructed using 42 water-level measurements made during 2006 and 2012. The difference in water levels for the Cockfield aquifer ranged from 27.4 ft to -10.4 ft. The largest water-level rise was in Calhoun County, and the largest water-level decline was 10.4 ft in Union County. Of the 42 wells, 13 wells had a rise in water level, and the remaining 29 wells had a decline in water level.

\n

Hydrographs for 32 wells in the Cockfield aquifer with historical water-level data were evaluated using linear regression to calculate the annual rise or decline for each well. These data were aggregated by county and statistically evaluated for the range, mean, and median of water-level change in each county. Hydrographs for Bradley, Calhoun, Chicot, Columbia, and Union Counties indicated both rising and declining water levels. The mean annual water-level rise or decline for Calhoun County was 0.00 foot per year (ft/yr) or unchanged. The mean annual water-level for Ashley, Bradley, Chicot, Cleveland, Columbia, Lincoln, and Union Counties show declines ranging from -0.02 to -1.10 ft/yr.

\n

Two potentiometric-surface maps, one for the southern area and one for the northeastern area, were constructed to show the altitude of the water surface in the Wilcox aquifer. The direction of groundwater flow in the northeastern area was generally towards the south-southwest except for some areas immediately adjacent to the Mississippi River where the flow was more eastward towards the river. The highest water-level altitude was 219 ft in northern Mississippi County, and the lowest water-level altitude was 123 ft near West Memphis in Crittenden County. The direction of groundwater flow in the northern part of the southern area was generally towards the southwest. The direction of groundwater flow in the southern part was in all directions because of two cones of depression and two water-level mounds. The highest water-level altitude measured was 394 ft at the center of a water-level mound in eastern Hot Spring County and a water-level mound in southwestern Hempstead County. The lowest water-level altitude measured was 145 ft at the center of the cone of depression in Clark County.

\n

Water-level difference maps for the Wilcox aquifer in Arkansas were constructed using 47 water-level measurements made during 2006 and 2012. The difference in water levels for the Wilcox aquifer in the northeastern area ranged from 22.0 ft to -17.9 ft. The largest rise in water level occurred in Crittenden County, and the largest decline occurred in Lee County. Twenty-one wells had rising water levels, and 10 wells had declining water levels. The difference in water levels for the Wilcox aquifer in the southern area ranged from 18.1 ft to -4.2 ft. The largest rise and the largest decline in water level occurred in Nevada County. Twelve wells had rising water levels, and 4 wells had declining water levels.

\n

Linear regression analysis of long-term hydrographs was used to determine the mean annual water-level rise and decline in the Wilcox aquifer in the northeastern and southern areas of Arkansas. In the northeastern area, the mean annual water level declined in all seven counties. The mean annual declines ranged from -0.55 ft/yr in Craighead County to -1.46 ft/yr in St. Francis County. In the southern area, the annual rise and decline calculations for wells with over 20 years of records indicate rising and declining water levels in Clark, Hot Spring, and Nevada Counties. The mean annual water level declined in all counties except Hot Spring County.

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Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) often exist as highly differentiated populations, even at small spatial scales, due either to natural or anthropogenic sources of isolation and low rates of dispersal. In this study, we used molecular approaches to describe the unique population structure of brook trout inhabiting the Shavers Fork watershed, located in eastern West Virginia, and contrast it to nearby populations in tributaries of the upper Greenbrier River and North Fork South Branch Potomac Rivers. Bayesian and maximum likelihood clustering methods identified minimal population structuring among 14 collections of brook trout from throughout the mainstem and tributaries of Shavers Fork, highlighting the role of the cold-water mainstem for connectivity and high rates of effective migration among tributaries. In contrast, the Potomac and Greenbrier River collections displayed distinct levels of population differentiation among tributaries, presumably resulting from tributary isolation by warm-water mainstems. Our results highlight the importance of protecting and restoring cold-water mainstem habitats as part of region-wide brook trout conservation efforts. In addition, our results from Shavers Fork provide a contrast to previous genetic studies that characterize Appalachian brook trout as fragmented isolates rather than well-mixed populations. Additional study is needed to determine whether the existence of brook trout as genetically similar populations among tributaries is truly unique and whether connectivity among brook trout populations can potentially be restored within other central Appalachian watersheds.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-014-0636-6","usgsCitation":"Aunins, A.W., Petty, J.T., King, T.L., Schilz, M., and Mazik, P.M., 2015, River mainstem thermal regimes influence population structuring within an Appalachian brook trout population: Conservation Genetics, v. 16, no. 1, p. 15-29, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-014-0636-6.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052856","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.079345703125,\n 38.09998264736481\n ],\n [\n -79.420166015625,\n 38.03078569382294\n ],\n [\n -78.299560546875,\n 39.308800296002914\n ],\n [\n -78.760986328125,\n 39.470125122358176\n ],\n [\n -79.1015625,\n 39.35978526869001\n ],\n [\n -80.079345703125,\n 38.09998264736481\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56cee27be4b015c306ec5f01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aunins, Aaron W. 0000-0001-5240-1453 aaunins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-1453","contributorId":5863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aunins","given":"Aaron","email":"aaunins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petty, J. Todd","contributorId":166749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petty","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Todd","affiliations":[{"id":24497,"text":"West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King, Tim L. tlking@usgs.gov","contributorId":3520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Tim","email":"tlking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schilz, Mariya","contributorId":167176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schilz","given":"Mariya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mazik, Patricia M. 0000-0002-8046-5929 pmazik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-5929","contributorId":2318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazik","given":"Patricia","email":"pmazik@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70139644,"text":"70139644 - 2015 - Intercontinental genetic structure and gene flow in Dunlin (Calidris alpina), a potential vector of avian influenza","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-24T18:07:02","indexId":"70139644","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-30T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1601,"text":"Evolutionary Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Intercontinental genetic structure and gene flow in Dunlin (Calidris alpina), a potential vector of avian influenza","title":"Intercontinental genetic structure and gene flow in Dunlin (Calidris alpina), a potential vector of avian influenza","docAbstract":"

Waterfowl (Anseriformes) and shorebirds (Charadriiformes) are the most common wild vectors of influenza A viruses. Due to their migratory behavior, some may transmit disease over long distances. Migratory connectivity studies can link breeding and nonbreeding grounds while illustrating potential interactions among populations that may spread diseases. We investigated Dunlin (Calidris alpina), a shorebird with a subspecies (C. a. arcticola) that migrates from nonbreeding areas endemic to avian influenza in eastern Asia to breeding grounds in northern Alaska. Using microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA, we illustrate genetic structure among six subspecies: C. a. arcticola, C. a. pacifica, C. a. hudsonia, C. a. sakhalina, C. a. kistchinski, and C. a. actites. We demonstrate that mitochondrial DNA can help distinguish C. a. arcticola on the Asian nonbreeding grounds with >70% accuracy depending on their relative abundance, indicating that genetics can help determine whether C. a. arcticola occurs where they may be exposed to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) during outbreaks. Our data reveal asymmetric intercontinental gene flow, with some C. a. arcticola short-stopping migration to breed with C. a. pacifica in western Alaska. Because C. a. pacifica migrates along the Pacific Coast of North America, interactions between these subspecies and other taxa provide route for transmission of HPAI into other parts of North America.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eva.12239","usgsCitation":"Miller, M., Haig, S.M., Mullins, T.D., Ruan, L., Casler, B., Dondua, A., Gates, H.R., Johnson, J., Kendall, S.J., Tomkovich, P.S., Tracy, D., Valchuk, O.P., and Lanctot, R.B., 2015, Intercontinental genetic structure and gene flow in Dunlin (Calidris alpina), a potential vector of avian influenza: Evolutionary Applications, v. 8, no. 2, p. 149-171, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12239.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"171","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056312","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472317,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12239","text":"External Repository"},{"id":297637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Russia, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -205.13671875,\n 49.26780455063753\n ],\n [\n -205.13671875,\n 72.28906720017675\n ],\n [\n -128.84765625,\n 72.28906720017675\n ],\n [\n -128.84765625,\n 49.26780455063753\n ],\n [\n -205.13671875,\n 49.26780455063753\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.984375,\n 54.16243396806781\n ],\n [\n -108.984375,\n 72.55449849665266\n ],\n [\n -71.015625,\n 72.55449849665266\n ],\n [\n -71.015625,\n 54.16243396806781\n ],\n [\n -108.984375,\n 54.16243396806781\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a8ae4b08de9379b30e1","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/eva.12239","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12239","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Miller Mark P., Haig Susan M., Mullins Thomas D., Ruan Luzhang, Casler Bruce, Dondua Alexei, Gates H. 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Matthew, Kendall Steve, Tomkovich Pavel S., Tracy Diane, Valchuk Olga P., Lanctot Richard B.","journalName":"Evolutionary Applications","publicationDate":"1/28/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Mark P. mpmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":138965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark P.","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mullins, Thomas D. 0000-0001-8948-9604 tom_mullins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-9604","contributorId":3615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Thomas","email":"tom_mullins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruan, Luzhang","contributorId":138966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruan","given":"Luzhang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12597,"text":"School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Casler, Bruce","contributorId":138967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casler","given":"Bruce","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12598,"text":"Izembek National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dondua, Alexei","contributorId":138968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dondua","given":"Alexei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12599,"text":"Gatchinskaya Str., 10-27, St. Petersburg, 197198 Russia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gates, H. 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From 2009 to 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Project office, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, collected water-quality samples from multiple water-bearing zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer. Water samples were collected from 11 monitoring wells completed in about 250–750 feet of the upper part of the aquifer, and samples were analyzed for selected major ions, trace elements, nutrients, radiochemical constituents, and stable isotopes. Each well was equipped with a multilevel monitoring system containing four to seven sampling ports that were each isolated by permanent packer systems. The sampling ports were installed in aquifer zones that were highly transmissive and that represented the water chemistry of the top three to five model layers of a steady-state and transient groundwater‑flow model. The groundwater-flow model and water chemistry are being used to better define movement of wastewater constituents in the aquifer.

\n

The water-chemistry composition of all sampled zones for the five new multilevel wells is calcium plus magnesium bicarbonate. One of the zones in well USGS 131A has a slightly different chemistry from the rest of the zones and wells and the difference is attributed to more wastewater influence from the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center. One well, USGS 135, was not influenced by wastewater disposal and consisted of mostly older water in all of its zones.

\n

Tritium concentrations in relation to basaltic flow units indicate the presence of wastewater influence in multiple basalt flow groups; however, tritium is most abundant in the South Late Matuyama flow group in the southern boundary wells. The concentrations of wastewater constituents in deep zones in wells Middle 2051, USGS 132, USGS 105, and USGS 103 support the concept of groundwater flow deepening in the southwestern corner of the INL, as indicated by the INL groundwater-flow model.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155002","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Bartholomay, R.C., Hopkins, C.B., and Maimer, N.V., 2015, Chemical constituents in groundwater from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009-13: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5002, vi, 109 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155002.","productDescription":"vi, 109 p.","numberOfPages":"120","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-053010","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155002.jpg"},{"id":297628,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5002/"},{"id":297630,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5002/pdf/sir2015-5002.pdf","size":"6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.2470703125,\n 43.29519939210697\n ],\n [\n -113.2470703125,\n 44.02442151965934\n ],\n [\n -112.42584228515625,\n 44.02442151965934\n ],\n [\n -112.42584228515625,\n 43.29519939210697\n ],\n [\n -113.2470703125,\n 43.29519939210697\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"DOE/ID-22232","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a5ee4b08de9379b3018","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomay, Roy C. 0000-0002-4809-9287 rcbarth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-9287","contributorId":1131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"Roy","email":"rcbarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hopkins, Candice B. 0000-0003-3207-7267 chopkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-7267","contributorId":1379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Candice","email":"chopkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maimer, Neil V. 0000-0003-3047-3282 nmaimer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3047-3282","contributorId":5659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maimer","given":"Neil","email":"nmaimer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70155959,"text":"70155959 - 2015 - Assessment of surface water chloride and conductivity trends in areas of unconventional oil and gas development — Why existing national data sets cannot tell us what we would like to know","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-15T17:04:15.648777","indexId":"70155959","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of surface water chloride and conductivity trends in areas of unconventional oil and gas development — Why existing national data sets cannot tell us what we would like to know","docAbstract":"

Heightened concern regarding the potential effects of unconventional oil and gas development on regional water quality has emerged, but the few studies on this topic are limited in geographic scope. Here we evaluate the potential utility of national and publicly available water-quality data sets for addressing questions regarding unconventional oil and gas development. We used existing U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency data sets to increase understanding of the spatial distribution of unconventional oil and gas development in the U.S. and broadly assess surface water quality trends in these areas. Based on sample size limitations, we were able to estimate trends in specific conductance (SC) and chloride (Cl−) from 1970 to 2010 in 16% (n = 155) of the watersheds with unconventional oil and gas resources. We assessed these trends relative to spatiotemporal distributions of hydraulically fractured wells. Results from this limited analysis suggest no consistent and widespread trends in surface water quality for SC and Cl− in areas with increasing unconventional oil and gas development and highlight limitations of existing national databases for addressing questions regarding unconventional oil and gas development and water quality.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014WR016382","usgsCitation":"Bowen, Z.H., Oelsner, G.P., Cade, B.S., Gallegos, T.J., Farag, A.M., Mott, D.N., Potter, C.J., Cinotto, P.J., Clark, M.L., Kappel, W.M., Kresse, T.M., Melcher, C.P., Paschke, S.S., Susong, D.D., and Varela, B., 2015, Assessment of surface water chloride and conductivity trends in areas of unconventional oil and gas development — Why existing national data sets cannot tell us what we would like to know: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 1, p. 704-715, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016382.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"704","endPage":"715","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051045","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science 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David D. ddsusong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Susong","given":"David","email":"ddsusong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Varela, Brian A. 0000-0001-9849-6742","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9849-6742","contributorId":62495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varela","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70134271,"text":"ds902 - 2015 - Digital geospatial presentation of geoelectrical and geotechnical data for the lower American River and flood plain, east Sacramento, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-07T12:36:20","indexId":"ds902","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-26T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"902","title":"Digital geospatial presentation of geoelectrical and geotechnical data for the lower American River and flood plain, east Sacramento, California","docAbstract":"

To characterize the extent and thickness of lithologic units that may have differing scour potential, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, has performed several geoelectrical surveys of the lower American River channel and flood plain between Cal Expo and the Rio Americano High School in east Sacramento, California. Additional geotechnical data have been collected by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and its contractors. Data resulting from these surveys have been compiled into similar database formats and converted to uniform geospatial datums and projections. These data have been visualized in a digital three-dimensional framework project that can be viewed using freely available software. These data facilitate a comprehensive analysis of the resistivity structure underlying the lower American River corridor and assist in levee system management.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds902","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Sacramento District","usgsCitation":"Ball, L.B., Burton, B., Powers, M.H., and Asch, T.H., 2015, Digital geospatial presentation of geoelectrical and geotechnical data for the lower American River and flood plain, east Sacramento, California: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 902, Report: iv, 12 p.; 3D Framework; Source Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds902.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 12 p.; 3D Framework; Source Data","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046347","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297540,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0902/downloads/SOURCE_DATA.zip","text":"Source Data","description":"Source Data"},{"id":297538,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0902/pdf/ds902.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":297539,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0902/downloads/3DFRAMEWORK.zip","text":"3D Framework","description":"3D Framework"},{"id":297532,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0902/"},{"id":297541,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds902.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Sacramento","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.42656326293945,\n 38.55783104069692\n ],\n [\n -121.34519577026367,\n 38.55783104069692\n ],\n [\n -121.34519577026367,\n 38.5896378526013\n ],\n [\n -121.42656326293945,\n 38.5896378526013\n ],\n [\n -121.42656326293945,\n 38.55783104069692\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a6ae4b08de9379b3048","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, Lyndsay B. 0000-0002-6356-4693 lbball@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-4693","contributorId":1138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Lyndsay","email":"lbball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burton, Bethany L. 0000-0001-5011-7862 blburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-7862","contributorId":1341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Bethany L.","email":"blburton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powers, Michael H. 0000-0002-4480-7856 mhpowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-7856","contributorId":851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Michael","email":"mhpowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Asch, Theodore H.","contributorId":127592,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Asch","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6766,"text":"former USGS NOROCK Step-Student","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70137299,"text":"ofr20151001 - 2015 - Future wave and wind projections for United States and United-States-affiliated Pacific Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-27T10:41:57","indexId":"ofr20151001","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-26T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1001","title":"Future wave and wind projections for United States and United-States-affiliated Pacific Islands","docAbstract":"

Changes in future wave climates in the tropical Pacific Ocean from global climate change are not well understood. Spatially and temporally varying waves dominate coastal morphology and ecosystem structure of the islands throughout the tropical Pacific. Waves also impact coastal infrastructure, natural and cultural resources, and coastal-related economic activities of the islands. Wave heights, periods, and directions were forecast through the year 2100 using wind parameter outputs from four atmosphere-ocean global climate models from the Coupled Model Inter-Comparison Project, Phase 5, for Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenarios 4.5 and 8.5 that correspond to moderately mitigated and unmitigated greenhouse gas emissions, respectively. Wind fields from the global climate models were used to drive a global WAVEWATCH-III wave model and generate hourly time-series of bulk wave parameters for 25 islands in the mid to western tropical Pacific for the years 1976–2005 (historical), 2026–2045 (mid-century projection), and 2085–2100 (end-of-century projection). Although the results show some spatial heterogeneity, overall the December-February extreme significant wave heights, defined as the mean of the top 5 percent of significant wave height time-series data modeled within a specific period, increase from present to mid-century and then decrease toward the end of the century; June-August extreme wave heights increase throughout the century within the Central region of the study area; and September-November wave heights decrease strongly throughout the 21st century, displaying the largest and most widespread decreases of any season. Peak wave periods increase east of the International Date Line during the December-February and June-August seasons under RCP4.5. Under the RCP8.5 scenario, wave periods decrease west of the International Date Line during December-February but increase in the eastern half of the study area. Otherwise, wave periods decrease throughout the study area during other seasons. Extreme wave directions in equatorial Micronesia during June-August undergo an approximate 30° clockwise rotation from primarily west to northwest. September-November RCP4.5 extreme mean wave directions rotate counterclockwise by approximately 30 to 45° in equatorial Micronesia; September-November RCP8.5 extreme mean wave directions within equatorial Micronesia rotate clockwise by approximately 20 to 30°. Extreme wind speeds decreased within both scenarios, with the largest decreases occurring in the September-November season. Extreme wind directions under RCP4.5 rotated clockwise by more than 60° in equatorial Micronesia during the September-November season and by approximately 30° during June-August. RCP8.5 extreme wind directions rotated counterclockwise during September-November within the same region by 30 to 50° and clockwise by 30 to 40° at one island. The spatial patterns and trends are similar between the two different greenhouse gas emission scenarios, with the magnitude and extent of the trends generally greater for the higher (RCP8.5) scenario.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151001","usgsCitation":"Storlazzi, C., Shope, J.B., Erikson, L., Hegermiller, C.A., and Barnard, P.L., 2015, Future wave and wind projections for United States and United-States-affiliated Pacific Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1001, xxvii, 426 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151001.","productDescription":"xxvii, 426 p.","numberOfPages":"455","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059375","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151001.gif"},{"id":297524,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1001/downloads/ofr2015-1001_report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"32.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Micronesia, Pacific Ocean","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a7ae4b08de9379b3095","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490 cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":2333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt D.","email":"cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shope, James B.","contributorId":135949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shope","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":10653,"text":"University of California at Santa Cruz, Earth and Planetary Science Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erikson, Li H. 0000-0002-8607-7695 lerikson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-7695","contributorId":3170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li H.","email":"lerikson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hegermiller, Christine A.","contributorId":135950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hegermiller","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":10653,"text":"University of California at Santa Cruz, Earth and Planetary Science Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":2880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}