Global trends toward developing new energy resources from lower grade, larger tonnage deposits that are not generally accessible using “conventional” extraction methods involve variations of subsurface in situ extraction techniques including in situ oil shale retorting, hydraulic fracturing of petroleum reservoirs, and in situ recovery of uranium. Although these methods are economically feasible and perhaps result in a smaller above-ground land-use footprint, there remain uncertainties regarding potential subsurface impacts to groundwater. This chapter provides an overview of the role of water in these technologies and the opportunities and challenges for water reuse and recycling.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Food, energy, and water: The chemistry connection","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-800211-7.00007-7","usgsCitation":"Gallegos, T.J., Bern, C., Birdwell, J.E., Haines, S.S., and Engle, M.A., 2015, The role of water in unconventional in situ energy resource extraction technologies, chap. 7 of Food, energy, and water: The chemistry connection, p. 183-215, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800211-7.00007-7.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"215","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057244","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446c6e4b071e7ea53d4dd","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ahuja, Satinder","contributorId":59343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahuja","given":"Satinder","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":858433,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Gallegos, Tanya J. 0000-0003-3350-6473 tgallegos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-6473","contributorId":2206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"Tanya","email":"tgallegos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bern, Carleton R. cbern@usgs.gov","contributorId":139818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton R.","email":"cbern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haines, Seth S. 0000-0003-2611-8165 shaines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2611-8165","contributorId":1344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"Seth","email":"shaines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70141629,"text":"70141629 - 2015 - Flow cytometric method for measuring chromatin fragmentation in fixed sperm from yellow perch (Perca flavescens)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:54:58","indexId":"70141629","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3594,"text":"Theriogenology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flow cytometric method for measuring chromatin fragmentation in fixed sperm from yellow perch (Perca flavescens)","docAbstract":"Declining harvests of yellow perch, Perca flavescens, in urbanized watersheds of Chesapeake Bay have prompted investigations of their reproductive fitness. The purpose of this study was to establish a flow cytometric technique for DNA analysis of fixed samples sent from the field to provide reliable gamete quality measurements. Similar to the sperm chromatin structure assay, measures were made on the susceptibility of nuclear DNA to acid-induced denaturation, but used fixed rather than live or thawed cells. Nuclei were best exposed to the acid treatment for 1 minute at 37 °C followed by the addition of cold (4 °C) propidium iodide staining solution before flow cytometry. The rationale for protocol development is presented graphically through cytograms. Field results collected in 2008 and 2009 revealed DNA fragmentation up to 14.5%. In 2008, DNA fragmentation from the more urbanized watersheds was significantly greater than from reference sites (P = 0.026) and in 2009, higher percentages of haploid testicular cells were noted from the less urbanized watersheds (P = 0.032) indicating better reproductive condition at sites with less urbanization. For both years, total and progressive live sperm motilities by computer-assisted sperm motion analysis ranged from 19.1% to 76.5%, being significantly higher at the less urbanized sites (P < 0.05). This flow cytometric method takes advantage of the propensity of fragmented DNA to be denatured under standard conditions, or 1 minute at 37 °C with 10% buffered formalin–fixed cells. The study of fixed sperm makes possible the restrospective investigation of germplasm fragmentation, spermatogenic ploidy patterns, and chromatin compaction levels from samples translocated over distance and time. The protocol provides an approach that can be modified for other species across taxa.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.11.028","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, J.A., Draugelis-Dale, R.O., Pinkney, A.E., Iwanowicz, L., and Blazer, V., 2015, Flow cytometric method for measuring chromatin fragmentation in fixed sperm from yellow perch (Perca flavescens): Theriogenology, v. 83, no. 5, p. 920-931, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.11.028.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"920","endPage":"931","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048922","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298064,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54e868bce4b02d776a67c5c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkins, Jill A. 0000-0002-5087-0894 jenkinsj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":2710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Jill","email":"jenkinsj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Draugelis-Dale, Rassa O. 0000-0001-8532-3287 daler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8532-3287","contributorId":20422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draugelis-Dale","given":"Rassa","email":"daler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pinkney, Alfred E.","contributorId":14253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pinkney","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12750,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Annapolis, MD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R. liwanowicz@usgs.gov","contributorId":139215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R.","email":"liwanowicz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70141019,"text":"70141019 - 2015 - Genomics and introgression: Discovery and mapping of thousands of species-diagnostic SNPs using RAD sequencing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T15:14:33.284218","indexId":"70141019","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1362,"text":"Current Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genomics and introgression: Discovery and mapping of thousands of species-diagnostic SNPs using RAD sequencing","docAbstract":"Invasive hybridization and introgression pose a serious threat to the persistence of many native species. Understanding the effects of hybridization on native populations (e.g., fitness consequences) requires numerous species-diagnostic loci distributed genome-wide. Here we used RAD sequencing to discover thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are diagnostic between rainbow trout (RBT, Oncorhynchus mykiss), the world’s most widely introduced fish, and native westslope cutthroat trout (WCT, O. clarkii lewisi) in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. We advanced previous work that identified 4,914 species-diagnostic loci by using longer sequence reads (100 bp vs. 60 bp) and a larger set of individuals (n = 84). We sequenced RAD libraries for individuals from diverse sampling sources, including native populations of WCT and hatchery broodstocks of WCT and RBT. We also took advantage of a newly released reference genome assembly for RBT to align our RAD loci. In total, we discovered 16,788 putatively diagnostic SNPs, 10,267 of which we mapped to anchored chromosome locations on the RBT genome. A small portion of previously discovered putative diagnostic loci (325 of 4,914) were no longer diagnostic (i.e., fixed between species) based on our wider survey of non-hybridized RBT and WCT individuals. Our study suggests that RAD loci mapped to a draft genome assembly could provide the marker density required to identify genes and chromosomal regions influencing selection in admixed populations of conservation concern and evolutionary interest.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/czoolo/61.1.146","usgsCitation":"Hand, B., Hether, T.D., Kovach, R.P., Muhlfeld, C.C., Amish, S.J., Boyer, M.C., O’Rourke, S.M., Miller, M.R., Lowe, W., Hohenlohe, P.A., and Luikart, G., 2015, Genomics and introgression: Discovery and mapping of thousands of species-diagnostic SNPs using RAD sequencing: Current Zoology, v. 61, no. 1, p. 146-154, https://doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/61.1.146.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"154","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060064","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/61.1.146","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381477,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Gordon","contributorId":97409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luikart","given":"Gordon","affiliations":[{"id":6580,"text":"University of Montana, Flathead Lake Biological Station, Polson, Montana 59860, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70133863,"text":"70133863 - 2015 - Mineral Resource of the Month: Antimony","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-08T12:39:01","indexId":"70133863","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1422,"text":"Earth Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral Resource of the Month: Antimony","docAbstract":"Antimony is a lustrous silvery-white semimetal or metalloid. Archaeological and historical studies indicate that antimony and its mineral sulfides have been used by humans for at least six millennia. The alchemist Basil Valentine is sometimes credited with “discovering” the element; he described the extraction of metallic antimony from stibnite in his treatise “The Triumphal Chariot of Antimony,” published sometime between 1350 and 1600. In the early 18th century, Jöns Jakob Berzelius chose the periodic symbol for antimony (Sb) based on stibium, which is the Latin name for stibnite.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGI","usgsCitation":"Guberman, D.E., 2015, Mineral Resource of the Month: Antimony: Earth Magazine, v. February 2015, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061208","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324925,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324924,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.earthmagazine.org/article/mineral-resource-month-antimony"}],"volume":"February 2015","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5780cebae4b0811616822377","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guberman, David E. dguberman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guberman","given":"David","email":"dguberman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70144566,"text":"70144566 - 2015 - Vegetation and non-native ungulate monitoring at the Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex 2010–2014.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T12:29:28","indexId":"70144566","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-062","title":"Vegetation and non-native ungulate monitoring at the Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex 2010–2014.","docAbstract":"The Hakalau Forest Unit (HFU) of Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex (BINWRC) has intensively managed feral cattle (Bos taurus) and pigs (Sus scrofa) and monitored non-native ungulate presence and distribution during surveys of all managed areas since 1988. We: 1) provide results from recent ungulate surveys at HFU to determine current feral pig abundance and distribution; 2) present results of surveys of ungulate presence and distribution at the Kona Forest Unit (KFU); 3) present results of surveys of weed presence and cover at both refuge units; and 4) present baseline results from long-term vegetation monitoring plots at KFU. Overall pig abundance appears to have decreased at HFU, although not significantly, over the period from 2010 to 2014. Management units 2 and 4 contained the majority of pigs at HFU. Pig density outside of adjacent managed areas has declined significantly from 2010 to 2014 for unknown reasons. Ungulate sign occurred in > 50% of plots at KFU during the November 2012 and September 2013 surveys, but ungulate sign occurred in < 28% of plots during three other surveys. The ability to differentiate sign of ungulate species remains problematic at KFU. Changes in weed cover do not yet demonstrate any strong temporal pattern. Spatial patterns are more pronounced; however, some weed species may not be reliably represented due to observers’ abilities to recognize less common weeds. Nonetheless, the distribution and cover of fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis) at KFU may have increased over the study period. Vegetation surveys documented baseline floristic composition and forest structure at KFU. It is not known if this current amount of emerging cover is sufficient for long-term self-sustaining forest canopy regeneration; however, numerous ‘ōhi‘a seedlings were found in the wet forest and mesic ‘ōhi‘a habitats, indicating an ample viable seed source and robust potential for forest regeneration.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","usgsCitation":"Hess, S.C., Leopold, C.R., and Kendall, S.J., 2015, Vegetation and non-native ungulate monitoring at the Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex 2010–2014.: Technical Report HCSU-062, v. 62, iii, 28 p.","productDescription":"iii, 28 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061773","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312028,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299171,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hilo.hawaii.edu/hcsu/documents/TR62_Leopold_Ungulate.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kona Forest Unit of the Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.3353500366211,\n 19.87393439059482\n ],\n [\n -155.24368286132812,\n 19.875871631390044\n ],\n [\n -155.2251434326172,\n 19.77865755578535\n ],\n [\n -155.31234741210938,\n 19.77542683229088\n ],\n [\n -155.34118652343747,\n 19.781565150921896\n ],\n [\n -155.3350067138672,\n 19.810315177998\n ],\n [\n -155.33226013183594,\n 19.841320618149417\n ],\n [\n -155.33672332763672,\n 19.870705603320523\n ],\n [\n -155.3353500366211,\n 19.87393439059482\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5666bbfde4b06a3ea36c8b5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, Steven C. 0000-0001-6403-9922 shess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-9922","contributorId":3156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steven","email":"shess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leopold, Christina R.","contributorId":46817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, Steven J.","contributorId":30911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kendall","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70170584,"text":"70170584 - 2015 - Preliminary evaluation of an in vivo fluorometer to quantify algal periphyton biomass and community composition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-28T10:29:12","indexId":"70170584","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2592,"text":"Lake and Reservoir Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary evaluation of an in vivo fluorometer to quantify algal periphyton biomass and community composition","docAbstract":"The bbe-Moldaenke BenthoTorch (BT) is an in vivo fluorometer designed to quantify algal biomass and community composition in benthic environments. The BT quantifies total algal biomass via chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration and may differentiate among cyanobacteria, green algae, and diatoms based on pigment fluorescence. To evaluate how BT measurements of periphytic algal biomass (as Chl-a) compared with an ethanol extraction laboratory analysis, we collected BT- and laboratory-measured Chl-a data from 6 stream sites in the Indian Creek basin, Johnson County, Kansas, during August and September 2012. BT-measured Chl-a concentrations were positively related to laboratory-measured concentrations (R2 = 0.47); sites with abundant filamentous algae had weaker relations (R2 = 0.27). Additionally, on a single sample date, we used the BT to determine periphyton biomass and community composition upstream and downstream from 2 wastewater treatment facilities (WWTF) that discharge into Indian Creek. We found that algal biomass increased immediately downstream from the WWTF discharge then slowly decreased as distance from the WWTF increased. Changes in periphyton community structure also occurred; however, there were discrepancies between BT- and laboratory-measured community composition data. Most notably, cyanobacteria were present at all sites based on BT measurements but were present at only one site based on laboratory-analyzed samples. Overall, we found that the BT compared reasonably well with laboratory methods for relative patterns in Chl-a but not as well with absolute Chl-aconcentrations. Future studies need to test the BT over a wider range of Chl-aconcentrations, in colored waters, and across various periphyton assemblages.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10402381.2015.1025153","usgsCitation":"Harris, T.D., and Graham, J., 2015, Preliminary evaluation of an in vivo fluorometer to quantify algal periphyton biomass and community composition: Lake and Reservoir Management, v. 31, no. 2, p. 127-133, https://doi.org/10.1080/10402381.2015.1025153.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"133","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057798","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320628,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Johnson County","otherGeospatial":"Indian Creek basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.68875885009766,\n 38.90412551322715\n ],\n [\n -94.68875885009766,\n 38.963279677655805\n ],\n [\n -94.60773468017578,\n 38.963279677655805\n ],\n [\n -94.60773468017578,\n 38.90412551322715\n ],\n [\n -94.68875885009766,\n 38.90412551322715\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57233431e4b0b13d39148cef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Theodore D. 0000-0003-0944-8007 tdharris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0944-8007","contributorId":4040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Theodore","email":"tdharris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6420-9335 jlgraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-9335","contributorId":150737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer L.","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":627779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70176621,"text":"70176621 - 2015 - Genetic diversity and host specificity varies across three genera of blood parasites in ducks of the Pacific Americas Flyway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-16T21:28:57","indexId":"70176621","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic diversity and host specificity varies across three genera of blood parasites in ducks of the Pacific Americas Flyway","docAbstract":"Birds of the order Anseriformes, commonly referred to as waterfowl, are frequently infected by Haemosporidia of the genera Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, and Leucocytozoon via dipteran vectors. We analyzed nucleotide sequences of the Cytochrome b (Cytb) gene from parasites of these genera detected in six species of ducks from Alaska and California, USA to characterize the genetic diversity of Haemosporidia infecting waterfowl at two ends of the Pacific Americas Flyway. In addition, parasite Cytb sequences were compared to those available on a public database to investigate specificity of genetic lineages to hosts of the order Anseriformes. Haplotype and nucleotide diversity of Haemoproteus Cytb sequences was lower than was detected for Plasmodium and Leucocytozoon parasites. Although waterfowl are presumed to be infected by only a single species of Leucocytozoon, L. simondi, diversity indices were highest for haplotypes from this genus and sequences formed five distinct clades separated by genetic distances of 4.9%–7.6%, suggesting potential cryptic speciation. All Haemoproteus andLeucocytozoon haplotypes derived from waterfowl samples formed monophyletic clades in phylogenetic analyses and were unique to the order Anseriformes with few exceptions. In contrast, waterfowl-origin Plasmodium haplotypes were identical or closely related to lineages found in other avian orders. Our results suggest a more generalist strategy for Plasmodiumparasites infecting North American waterfowl as compared to those of the generaHaemoproteus and Leucocytozoon.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0116661","usgsCitation":"Reeves, A.B., Smith, M.M., Meixell, B.W., Fleskes, J.P., and Ramey, A.M., 2015, Genetic diversity and host specificity varies across three genera of blood parasites in ducks of the Pacific Americas Flyway: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 2, e0116661; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116661.","productDescription":"e0116661; 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-059454","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116661","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328891,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ee45e4b0bc0bec09e977","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reeves, Andrew B. 0000-0002-7526-0726 areeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7526-0726","contributorId":167362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Andrew","email":"areeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Matthew M. 0000-0002-2259-5135 mmsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2259-5135","contributorId":5115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Matthew","email":"mmsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meixell, Brandt W. 0000-0002-6738-0349 bmeixell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349","contributorId":138716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meixell","given":"Brandt","email":"bmeixell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":1889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70189346,"text":"70189346 - 2015 - Inter-annual and spatial variability of Hamon potential evapotranspiration model coefficients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-11T16:16:33","indexId":"70189346","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inter-annual and spatial variability of Hamon potential evapotranspiration model coefficients","docAbstract":"Monthly calibrated values of the Hamon PET coefficient (C) are determined for 109,951 hydrologic response units (HRUs) across the conterminous United States (U.S.). The calibrated coefficient values are determined by matching calculated mean monthly Hamon PET to mean monthly free-water surface evaporation. For most locations and months the calibrated coefficients are larger than the standard value reported by Hamon. The largest changes in the coefficients were for the late winter/early spring and fall months, whereas the smallest changes were for the summer months. Comparisons of PET computed using the standard value of C and computed using calibrated values of C indicate that for most of the conterminous U.S. PET is underestimated using the standard Hamon PET coefficient, except for the southeastern U.S.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.12.006","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., Hay, L.E., Bock, A., Markstrom, S., and Atkinson, R., 2015, Inter-annual and spatial variability of Hamon potential evapotranspiration model coefficients: Journal of Hydrology, v. 521, p. 389-394, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.12.006.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"389","endPage":"394","ipdsId":"IP-058189","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343611,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"521","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5965b4b0e4b0d1f9f05b382f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, Gregory J. 0000-0002-9258-2997 gmccabe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":1453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Gregory J.","email":"gmccabe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hay, Lauren E. 0000-0003-3763-4595 lhay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-4595","contributorId":1287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"Lauren","email":"lhay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bock, Andy 0000-0001-7222-6613 abock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7222-6613","contributorId":174776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bock","given":"Andy","email":"abock@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Markstrom, Steven L. 0000-0001-7630-9547 markstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-9547","contributorId":1986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"Steven L.","email":"markstro@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Atkinson, R. Dwight","contributorId":174777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkinson","given":"R. Dwight","affiliations":[{"id":27513,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70111246,"text":"70111246 - 2015 - Petrologic testament to changes in shallow magma storage and transport during 30+ years of recharge and eruption at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-06T23:55:45.191441","indexId":"70111246","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5371,"text":"Geophysical Monograph","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"seriesNumber":"8","title":"Petrologic testament to changes in shallow magma storage and transport during 30+ years of recharge and eruption at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"Petrologic monitoring of Kīlauea Volcano from January 1983 to October 2013 has yielded an extensive record of glass, phenocryst, melt inclusion, and bulk-lava chemistry from well-quenched lava. When correlated with 30+ years of geophysical and geologic monitoring, petrologic details testify to physical maturation of summit-to-rift magma plumbing associated with sporadic intrusion and prolonged magmatic overpressurization. Changes through time in bulk-lava major- and trace-element compositions, along with glass thermometry, record shifts in the dynamic balance of fractionation, mixing, and assimilation processes inherent to magma storage and transport during near-continuous recharge and eruption. Phenocryst composition, morphology, and texture, along with the sulfur content of melt inclusions, constrain coupled changes in eruption behavior and geochemistry to processes occurring in the shallow magmatic system.
For the first 17 years of eruption, magma was steadily tapped from a summit reservoir at 1–4 km depth and circulating between 1180 and 1200°C. Furthermore, magma cooled another 30°C while flowing through the 18 km long rift conduit, before erupting olivine-spinel-phyric lava at temperatures of 1150–1170°C in a pattern linked with edifice deformation, vent formation, eruptive vigor, and presumably the flux of magma into and out of the summit reservoir. During 2000–2001, a fundamental change in steady state eruption petrology to that of relatively low-temperature, low-MgO, olivine(-spinel)-clinopyroxene-plagioclase-phryic lava points to a physical transformation of the shallow volcano plumbing uprift of the vent. Preeruptive comagmatic mixing between hotter and cooler magma is documented by resorption, overgrowth, and compositional zonation in a mixed population of phenocrysts grown at higher and lower temperatures. Large variations of sulfur (50 to >1000 ppm) in melt inclusions within individual phenocrysts and among phenocrysts in most samples provide an unequivocal glimpse of rapid crystal growth amid sulfur degassing at <30 MPa in a turbulent preeruptive environment. We speculate that, during the last decade, one or more shallow open-system reservoirs developed along the conduit between the summit and Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō and now serve to buffer the magmatic throughput associated with ongoing recharge and eruption.
Lava with identical trace-element signatures erupted simultaneously at the summit and at Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō from 2008 to 2013 confirms magmatic continuity between the vents. Complementary changes in compositions of matrix glasses, phenocrysts, and melt inclusions of summit tephra are mirrored by similar changes in contemporaneous rift lava at eruption temperatures 20–35°C lower than those at the summit. Petrologic parameters measured at opposite ends of the shallow magmatic plumbing system are both correlated with summit deformation, demonstrating that effects of summit magma chamber pressurization are translated throughout interconnected magma pathways in the shallow edifice.
This paper describes the evaluation of petrographic textures representing the structural organization of the organic matter derived from coal and petroleum and their interaction phenomena in the making of steel electrodes, anodes and cathode blocks.
This work represents the results of the Microscopy of Carbon Materials Working Group in Commission III of the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology between the years 2009 and 2013. The round robin exercises were run on photomicrograph samples. For textural characterization of carbon materials the existing ASTM classification system for metallurgical coke was applied.
These round robin exercises involved 15 active participants from 12 laboratories who were asked to assess the coal and petroleum based carbons and to identify the morphological differences, as optical texture (isotropic/anisotropic), optical type (punctiform, mosaic, fibre, ribbon, domain), and size. Four sets of digital black and white microphotographs comprising 151 photos containing 372 fields of different types of organic matter were examined. Based on the unique ability of carbon to form a wide range of textures, the results showed an increased number of carbon occurrences which have crucial role in the chosen industrial applications.
The statistical method used to evaluate the results was based on the “raw agreement indices”. It gave a new and original view on the analysts' opinion by not only counting the correct answers, but also all of the knowledge and experience of the participants. Comparative analyses of the average values of the level of overall agreement performed by each analyst in the exercises during 2009–2013 showed a great homogeneity in the results, the mean value being 90.36%, with a minimum value of 83% and a maximum value of 95%.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2014.07.011","usgsCitation":"Predeanu, G., Panaitescu, C., Bălănescu, M., Bieg, G., Borrego, A., Diez, M.A., Hackley, P.C., Kwiecinska, B., Marques, M., Mastalerz, M., Misz-Kennan, M., Pusz, S., Suarez-Ruiz, I., Rodrigues, S., Singh, A.K., Varma, A., Zdravkov, A., and Zivotić, D., 2015, Microscopical characterization of carbon materials derived from coal and petroleum and their interaction phenomena in making steel electrodes, anodes and cathode blocks for the Microscopy of Carbon Materials Working Group of the ICCP: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 139, p. 63-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2014.07.011.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"79","ipdsId":"IP-055717","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328204,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"139","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c9512ee4b0f2f0cec15bf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Predeanu, G.","contributorId":174233,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Predeanu","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27394,"text":"University Politehnica Bucharest, Romania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Panaitescu, C.","contributorId":174234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Panaitescu","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27394,"text":"University Politehnica Bucharest, Romania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bălănescu, M.","contributorId":174235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bălănescu","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27394,"text":"University Politehnica Bucharest, Romania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bieg, G.","contributorId":174236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bieg","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27395,"text":"Mikroskopische Untersuchungen, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Borrego, A.G.","contributorId":53583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borrego","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Diez, M. A.","contributorId":174269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diez","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kwiecinska, B.","contributorId":174251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kwiecinska","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Marques, M.","contributorId":102260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marques","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mastalerz, Maria","contributorId":105788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mastalerz","given":"Maria","affiliations":[{"id":17608,"text":"Indiana Univesity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Misz-Kennan, M.","contributorId":174252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Misz-Kennan","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Pusz, S.","contributorId":174253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pusz","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Suarez-Ruiz, I.","contributorId":10598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suarez-Ruiz","given":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Rodrigues, S.","contributorId":174254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodrigues","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Singh, A. K.","contributorId":174255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singh","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Varma, A. K.","contributorId":174256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varma","given":"A. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Zdravkov, A.","contributorId":174257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zdravkov","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Zivotić, D.","contributorId":174268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zivotić","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70155255,"text":"70155255 - 2015 - Evaluation of satellite rainfall estimates for drought and flood monitoring in Mozambique","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T10:07:16","indexId":"70155255","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of satellite rainfall estimates for drought and flood monitoring in Mozambique","docAbstract":"Satellite derived rainfall products are useful for drought and flood early warning and overcome the problem of sparse, unevenly distributed and erratic rain gauge observations, provided their accuracy is well known. Mozambique is highly vulnerable to extreme weather events such as major droughts and floods and thus, an understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of different rainfall products is valuable. Three dekadal (10-day) gridded satellite rainfall products (TAMSAT African Rainfall Climatology And Time-series (TARCAT) v2.0, Famine Early Warning System NETwork (FEWS NET) Rainfall Estimate (RFE) v2.0, and Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS)) are compared to independent gauge data (2001–2012). This is done using pairwise comparison statistics to evaluate the performance in estimating rainfall amounts and categorical statistics to assess rain-detection capabilities. The analysis was performed for different rainfall categories, over the seasonal cycle and for regions dominated by different weather systems. Overall, satellite products overestimate low and underestimate high dekadal rainfall values. The RFE and CHIRPS products perform as good, generally outperforming TARCAT on the majority of statistical measures of skill. TARCAT detects best the relative frequency of rainfall events, while RFE underestimates and CHIRPS overestimates the rainfall events frequency. Differences in products performance disappear with higher rainfall and all products achieve better results during the wet season. During the cyclone season, CHIRPS shows the best results, while RFE outperforms the other products for lower dekadal rainfall. Products blending thermal infrared and passive microwave imagery perform better than infrared only products and particularly when meteorological patterns are more complex, such as over the coastal, central and south regions of Mozambique, where precipitation is influenced by frontal systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI AG","doi":"10.3390/rs70201758","usgsCitation":"Tote, C., Patricio, D., Boogaard, H., van der Wijngaart, R., Tarnavsky, E., and Funk, C.C., 2015, Evaluation of satellite rainfall estimates for drought and flood monitoring in Mozambique: Remote Sensing, v. 7, no. 2, p. 1758-1776, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70201758.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1758","endPage":"1776","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062070","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472308,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70201758","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mozambique","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 32.93701171875,\n -26.88288045572338\n ],\n [\n 32.18994140625,\n -26.843677401113002\n ],\n [\n 32.05810546875,\n -26.056782885778798\n ],\n [\n 31.9482421875,\n -25.859223554761382\n ],\n [\n 31.9921875,\n -24.467150664738977\n ],\n [\n 31.552734374999996,\n -23.443088931121775\n ],\n [\n 31.26708984375,\n -22.41102852155869\n ],\n [\n 32.40966796875,\n -21.309846141087192\n ],\n [\n 32.3876953125,\n -21.105000275382054\n ],\n [\n 32.4755859375,\n -20.509354588714576\n ],\n [\n 33.0029296875,\n -19.746024239625417\n ],\n [\n 32.783203125,\n -19.394067895396613\n ],\n [\n 32.6953125,\n -18.750309813140653\n ],\n [\n 32.93701171875,\n -18.375379094031814\n ],\n [\n 32.958984375,\n -17.455472579972827\n ],\n [\n 32.87109375,\n -16.867633616803836\n ],\n [\n 32.431640625,\n -16.488764934242063\n ],\n [\n 31.640625,\n -16.13026201203474\n ],\n [\n 30.95947265625,\n -16.024695711685304\n ],\n [\n 30.454101562499996,\n -16.003575733881313\n ],\n [\n 30.16845703125,\n -14.987239525774244\n ],\n [\n 33.15673828125,\n -13.966054081318301\n ],\n [\n 33.7060546875,\n -14.541049898060388\n ],\n [\n 34.43115234375,\n -14.349547837185362\n ],\n [\n 34.51904296875,\n -14.626108798876839\n ],\n [\n 34.60693359375,\n -15.347761924346937\n ],\n [\n 34.27734375,\n -15.834535741221552\n ],\n [\n 34.47509765625,\n -16.25686733062344\n ],\n [\n 35.13427734375,\n -16.941214960202647\n ],\n [\n 35.057373046875,\n -17.02527268537679\n ],\n [\n 35.079345703125,\n -17.151288449816732\n ],\n [\n 35.299072265625,\n -17.130291743533746\n ],\n [\n 35.26611328125,\n -16.70986293320658\n ],\n [\n 35.17822265625,\n -16.55196172197251\n ],\n [\n 35.4638671875,\n -16.140815555276024\n ],\n [\n 35.8154296875,\n -15.993014907400758\n ],\n [\n 35.83740234375,\n -14.77488250651626\n ],\n [\n 35.35400390625,\n -14.008696370634658\n ],\n [\n 34.80468749999999,\n -13.47510594433495\n ],\n [\n 34.4970703125,\n -13.47510594433495\n ],\n [\n 34.34326171875,\n -12.103780891645817\n ],\n [\n 34.5849609375,\n -11.5230875068685\n ],\n [\n 35.96923828125,\n -11.480024648555816\n ],\n [\n 37.001953125,\n -11.544616463449655\n ],\n [\n 37.94677734374999,\n -11.24306204194776\n ],\n [\n 38.60595703125,\n -11.329253026617318\n ],\n [\n 40.517578125,\n -10.422988388338242\n ],\n [\n 40.84716796875,\n -14.689881366618762\n ],\n [\n 39.814453125,\n -16.46769474828897\n ],\n [\n 36.93603515625,\n -17.97873309555617\n ],\n [\n 36.25488281249999,\n -18.916679786648565\n ],\n [\n 34.87060546875,\n -19.828725387681168\n ],\n [\n 34.78271484375,\n -20.42701281425737\n ],\n [\n 35.57373046875,\n -22.41102852155869\n ],\n [\n 35.4638671875,\n -24.206889622398023\n ],\n [\n 34.4091796875,\n -24.926294766395593\n ],\n [\n 33.11279296875,\n -25.423431426334233\n ],\n [\n 32.607421875,\n -26.056782885778798\n ],\n [\n 32.93701171875,\n -26.254009699865737\n ],\n [\n 32.93701171875,\n -26.88288045572338\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d45730e4b0518e354694c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tote, Carolien","contributorId":145818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tote","given":"Carolien","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16241,"text":"Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Remote Sensing Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patricio, Domingos","contributorId":145819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patricio","given":"Domingos","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16242,"text":"Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia - Mozambique;","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boogaard, Hendrik","contributorId":145820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boogaard","given":"Hendrik","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16243,"text":"Alterra, Wageningen University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"van der Wijngaart, Raymond","contributorId":146587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van der Wijngaart","given":"Raymond","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tarnavsky, Elena","contributorId":145821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tarnavsky","given":"Elena","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16244,"text":"TAMSAT Research Group, University of Reading, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70148005,"text":"70148005 - 2015 - The cost of reproduction: differential resource specialization in female and male California sea otters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T16:43:00","indexId":"70148005","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The cost of reproduction: differential resource specialization in female and male California sea otters","docAbstract":"Intraspecific variation in behavior and diet can have important consequences for population and ecosystem dynamics. Here, we examine how differences in reproductive investment and spatial ecology influence individual diet specialization in male and female southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). We hypothesize that greater reproductive constraints and smaller home ranges of females lead to more pronounced intraspecific competition and increased specialization. We integrate stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope analysis of sea otter vibrissae with long-term observational studies of five subpopulations in California. We define individual diet specialization as low ratios of within-individual variation (WIC) to total population niche width (TNW). We compare isotopic and observational based metrics of WIC/TNW for males and females to data on population densities, and movement patterns using both general linear and linear mixed-effects models. Consistent with our hypothesis, increasing population density is associated with increased individual diet specialization by females but not by males. Additionally, we find the amount of coastline in a sea otter’s home range positively related with individual dietary variability, with increased range span resulting in weaker specialization for both males and females. We attribute our results to sex-based differences in movement, with females needing to specialize in their small ranges to maximize energy gain, and posit that the paradigm of individual prey specialization in sea otters with increased intraspecific competition may be a pattern driven largely by females. Our work highlights a potentially broader role of sex in the mechanistic pressures promoting and maintaining diet specialization.
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Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70147339,"text":"70147339 - 2015 - Advancing the science of microbial symbiosis to support invasive species management: a case study on Phragmites in the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-03T17:36:27.313367","indexId":"70147339","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1702,"text":"Frontiers in Microbiology","onlineIssn":"1664-302X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Advancing the science of microbial symbiosis to support invasive species management: a case study on Phragmites in the Great Lakes","title":"Advancing the science of microbial symbiosis to support invasive species management: a case study on Phragmites in the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"A growing body of literature supports microbial symbiosis as a foundational principle for the competitive success of invasive plant species. Further exploration of the relationships between invasive species and their associated microbiomes, as well as the interactions with the microbiomes of native species, can lead to key new insights into invasive success and potentially new and effective control approaches. In this manuscript, we review microbial relationships with plants, outline steps necessary to develop invasive species control strategies that are based on those relationships, and use the invasive plant species Phragmites australis (common reed) as an example of how development of microbial-based control strategies can be enhanced using a collective impact approach. The proposed science agenda, developed by the Collaborative for Microbial Symbiosis andPhragmites Management, contains a foundation of sequential steps and mutually-reinforcing tasks to guide the development of microbial-based control strategies for Phragmites and other invasive species. Just as the science of plant-microbial symbiosis can be transferred for use in other invasive species, so too can the model of collective impact be applied to other avenues of research and management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2015.00095","usgsCitation":"Kowalski, K., Bacon, C.W., Bickford, W.A., Braun, H.A., Clay, K., Leduc-Lapierre, M., Lillard, E., McCormick, M.K., Nelson, E., Torres, M., White, J.W., and Wilcox, D., 2015, Advancing the science of microbial symbiosis to support invasive species management: a case study on Phragmites in the Great Lakes: Frontiers in Microbiology, v. 6, 95, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00095.","productDescription":"95, 14 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057771","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00095","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55435229e4b0a658d794149d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kowalski, Kurt P. 0000-0002-8424-4701 kkowalski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-4701","contributorId":3768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Kurt P.","email":"kkowalski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bacon, Charles W.","contributorId":62545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bickford, Wesley A. 0000-0001-7612-1325 wbickford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7612-1325","contributorId":5687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bickford","given":"Wesley","email":"wbickford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Braun, Heather A.","contributorId":61325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braun","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clay, Keith","contributorId":140472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clay","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12645,"text":"Indiana University - Northwest","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leduc-Lapierre, Michele","contributorId":140473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leduc-Lapierre","given":"Michele","affiliations":[{"id":13509,"text":"Great Lakes Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lillard, Elizabeth","contributorId":140474,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lillard","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13509,"text":"Great Lakes Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McCormick, Melissa K.","contributorId":140475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCormick","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":13510,"text":"Smithsonian Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nelson, Eric","contributorId":140476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Eric","affiliations":[{"id":13511,"text":"Cornell Univesity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Torres, Monica","contributorId":140477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Torres","given":"Monica","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"White, James W. C.","contributorId":8367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W. 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The decadal scale recurrence of sand-sheet development, migration, and merging with older dunes appears related to decadal climatic changes of drought and wetness as recorded in the precipitation history of the Mojave Desert, complemented by modeled soil-moisture index values. Historical aerial photographs, repeat land photographs, and satellite images document the presence and northward migration of a mid-20th century sand sheet that formed during a severe regional drought that coincided with a multi-decadal cool phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The sand sheet slowly eroded during the wetter conditions of the subsequent PDO warm phase (1977–1998) due to a lack of added sediment. Sand cohesion gradually increased in the sand sheet by seasonal additions of salt and clay and by re-precipitation of gypsum, which resulted in the wind-carving of yardangs in the receding sand sheet. Smaller yardangs were aerodynamically shaped from coppice dunes with salt-clay crusts, and larger yardangs were carved along the walls and floor of trough blowouts. Evidence of a 19th century cycle of sand-sheet formation and erosion is indicated by remnants of yardangs, photographed in 1901 and 1916, that were found buried in the mid-20th century sand sheet. Three years of erosion measurements on the playa, yardangs, and sand sheets document relatively rapid wind erosion. The playa has lowered 20 to 40 cm since the mid-20th century and a shallow deflation basin has developed since 1999. Annually, 5–10 cm of surface sediment was removed from yardang flanks by a combination of wind abrasion, deflation, and mass movement. The most effective erosional processes are wind stripping of thin crusts that form on the yardang surfaces after rain events and the slumping of sediment blocks from yardang flanks. These wind-eroded landforms persist several decades to a century before eroding away or being buried by younger sands. On Mesquite Lake playa the climatic history of alternating PDO phases of multi-decadal drought and wetness is recorded twice by the presence of yardangs formed nearly a century apart.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.10.024","usgsCitation":"Whitney, J.W., Breit, G.N., Buckingham, S., Reynolds, R.L., Bogle, R., Luo, L., Goldstein, H.L., and Vogel, J.M., 2015, Aeolian responses to climate variability during the past century on Mesquite Lake Playa, Mojave Desert: Geomorphology, v. 230, p. 13-25, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.10.024.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"25","ipdsId":"IP-028706","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348620,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mesquite Lake, Mojave Desert","volume":"230","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a096bb1e4b09af898c9414b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitney, John W. 0000-0003-3824-3692 jwhitney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3824-3692","contributorId":804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitney","given":"John","email":"jwhitney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breit, George N. 0000-0003-2188-6798 gbreit@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2188-6798","contributorId":1480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breit","given":"George","email":"gbreit@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buckingham, S.E.","contributorId":9454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckingham","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":147880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bogle, Rian C. 0000-0002-0389-4367 rbogle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0389-4367","contributorId":179318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bogle","given":"Rian C.","email":"rbogle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":721694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Luo, Lifeng","contributorId":176993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luo","given":"Lifeng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Goldstein, Harland L. 0000-0002-6092-8818 hgoldstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6092-8818","contributorId":147881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Harland","email":"hgoldstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":721696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vogel, John M. 0000-0002-8226-1188 jvogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8226-1188","contributorId":3167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogel","given":"John","email":"jvogel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70173435,"text":"70173435 - 2015 - Aquatic invertebrate food base for waterbirds at Wetland Reserve Program easements in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T15:28:32","indexId":"70173435","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquatic invertebrate food base for waterbirds at Wetland Reserve Program easements in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"Migratory waterbirds depend on invertebrates as a key source of dietary protein, but few studies have quantified aquatic invertebrates or their response to management on privately owned wetlands. Our objectives were to quantify the effects of wetland management provided through the Migratory Bird Habitat Initiative (MBHI) on invertebrate biomass, family richness, and secondary production at Wetland Reserve Program (WRP) easements in Arkansas and Missouri. We collected core and sweep-net samples bi-weekly in autumn 2011 and sweep samples in winter 2012 at WRP easements enrolled in MBHI (n = 13), WRP easements not enrolled in MBHI (n = 12), and intensively managed public wetlands (n = 7) in Arkansas and Missouri. Overall mean (±SE) invertebrate biomass and production during autumn were 11.96 (±1.29) kg/ha and 1.57 (±1.09) kg/ha*season, and during winter were 3.96 (±0.55) kg/ha and 1.38 (±0.11), respectively. Macroinvertebrate biomass and family richness did not differ among wetland types or management practices, including inundation and mowing. Secondary macroinvertebrate production during autumn was 200 % greater on MBHI contracts compared to WRP easements. During winter, production was 40 % greater on MBHI and WRP easements compared to public wetlands. Our results suggest that with management, wetlands enrolled in conservation easement programs can be an important source of invertebrate production for migratory waterbirds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-014-0613-3","usgsCitation":"Tapp, J.L., and Webb, E.B., 2015, Aquatic invertebrate food base for waterbirds at Wetland Reserve Program easements in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Wetlands, v. 35, no. 1, p. 183-192, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-014-0613-3.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"192","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055327","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324036,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913b0e4b07657d19fef94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tapp, Jessica L.","contributorId":172203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tapp","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159420,"text":"70159420 - 2015 - Do shrubs reduce the adverse effects of grazing on soil properties?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T15:58:15","indexId":"70159420","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Do shrubs reduce the adverse effects of grazing on soil properties?","docAbstract":"Increases in the density of woody plants are a global phenomenon in drylands, and large aggregations of shrubs, in particular, are regarded as being indicative of dysfunctional ecosystems. There is increasing evidence that overgrazing by livestock reduces ecosystem functions in shrublands, but that shrubs may buffer the negative effects of increasing grazing. We examined changes in water infiltration and nutrient concentrations in soils under shrubs and in their interspaces in shrublands in eastern Australia that varied in the intensity of livestock grazing. We used structural equation modelling to test whether shrubs might reduce the negative effects of overgrazing on infiltration and soil carbon and nitrogen (henceforth ‘soil nutrients’). Soils under shrubs and subject to low levels of grazing were more stable and had greater levels of soil nutrients. Shrubs had a direct positive effect on soil nutrients; but, grazing negatively affected nutrients by increasing soil bulk density. Structural equation modelling showed that shrubs had a direct positive effect on water flow under ponded conditions but also enhanced water flow, indirectly, through increased litter cover. Any positive effects of shrubs on water flow under low levels of grazing waned at high levels of grazing. Our results indicate that shrubs may reduce the adverse effects of grazing on soil properties. Specifically, shrubs could restrict access to livestock and therefore protect soils and plants beneath their canopies. Low levels of grazing are likely to ensure the retention of soil water and soil carbon and nitrogen in shrubland soils.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eco.1600","usgsCitation":"Eldridge, D., Beecham, G., and Grace, J.B., 2015, Do shrubs reduce the adverse effects of grazing on soil properties?: Ecohydrology, v. 8, no. 8, p. 1503-1513, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1600.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1503","endPage":"1513","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061846","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia","city":"Cobar","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 145.26123046875,\n -31.85889704445453\n ],\n [\n 146.260986328125,\n -31.85889704445453\n ],\n [\n 146.260986328125,\n -31.184609135743237\n ],\n [\n 145.26123046875,\n -31.184609135743237\n ],\n [\n 145.26123046875,\n -31.85889704445453\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56334338e4b048076347eec1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eldridge, David J. 0000-0002-2191-486X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2191-486X","contributorId":66535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eldridge","given":"David J.","affiliations":[{"id":27407,"text":"Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beecham, Genevieve","contributorId":149466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beecham","given":"Genevieve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17744,"text":"University of NSW, Sydney, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193753,"text":"70193753 - 2015 - Hillslope run-off thresholds with shrink–swell clay soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-31T16:35:08.501515","indexId":"70193753","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hillslope run-off thresholds with shrink–swell clay soils","docAbstract":"Irrigation experiments on 12 instrumented field plots were used to assess the impact of dynamic soil crack networks on infiltration and run-off. During applications of intensity similar to a heavy rainstorm, water was seen being preferentially delivered within the soil profile. However, run-off was not observed until soil water content of the profile reached field capacity, and the apertures of surface-connected cracks had closed >60%. Electrical resistivity measurements suggested that subsurface cracks persisted and enhanced lateral transport, even in wet conditions. Likewise, single-ring infiltration measurements taken before and after irrigation indicated that infiltration remained an important component of the water budget at high soil water content values, despite apparent surface sealing. Overall, although the wetting and sealing of the soil profile showed considerable complexity, an emergent property at the hillslope scale was observed: all of the plots demonstrated a strikingly similar threshold run-off response to the cumulative precipitation amount.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10165","usgsCitation":"Stewart, R.D., Abou Najm, M.R., Rupp, D.E., Lane, J.W., Uribe, H.C., Arumi, J.L., and Selker, J.S., 2015, Hillslope run-off thresholds with shrink–swell clay soils: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 4, p. 557-571, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10165.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"557","endPage":"571","ipdsId":"IP-053604","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","city":"Ninhue, San Agustín de Puñual","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.50538346762502,\n -36.40583448067851\n ],\n [\n -72.52799302875732,\n -36.40583448067851\n ],\n [\n -72.52799302875732,\n -36.4240329414952\n ],\n [\n -72.50538346762502,\n -36.4240329414952\n ],\n [\n -72.50538346762502,\n -36.40583448067851\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60febde4b06e28e9c2533d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, Ryan D.","contributorId":199852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abou Najm, Majdi R.","contributorId":199853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abou Najm","given":"Majdi","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rupp, David E.","contributorId":199854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rupp","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X jwlane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":189168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Uribe, Hamil C.","contributorId":199855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Uribe","given":"Hamil","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arumi, Jose Luis","contributorId":199856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arumi","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"Luis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Selker, John S.","contributorId":199857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Selker","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70157128,"text":"70157128 - 2015 - In the path of destruction - eyewitness chronicles of Mount St. Helens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-07T15:02:20","indexId":"70157128","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"In the path of destruction - eyewitness chronicles of Mount St. Helens","docAbstract":"A geologist with intimate knowledge of Mount St. Helens, Richard Waitt chronicles the eruption through unforgettable, riveting narratives—the heart of a masterful chronology that also delivers engrossing science, history, and journalism.
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","language":"English","publisher":"Freshwater Biological Association","doi":"10.5268/IW-5.2.781","usgsCitation":"Larson, J.H., Bartsch, M., Gutreuter, S., Knights, B.C., Bartsch, L., Richardson, W.B., Vallazza, J.M., and Arts, M.T., 2015, Differences between main-channel and off-channel food webs in the upper Mississippi River revealed by fatty acid profiles of consumers: Inland Waters, v. 5, no. 2, p. 101-106, https://doi.org/10.5268/IW-5.2.781.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"106","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058306","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381497,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.4117431640625,\n 43.61917644272345\n ],\n [\n -91.4117431640625,\n 43.95921358836687\n ],\n [\n -91.17965698242188,\n 43.95921358836687\n ],\n [\n -91.17965698242188,\n 43.61917644272345\n ],\n [\n -91.4117431640625,\n 43.61917644272345\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54e4743be4b08de9379b554d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, James H. 0000-0002-6414-9758 jhlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6414-9758","contributorId":4250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"James","email":"jhlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartsch, Michelle 0000-0002-9571-5564 mbartsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9571-5564","contributorId":3165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartsch","given":"Michelle","email":"mbartsch@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gutreuter, Steve","contributorId":139279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gutreuter","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6733,"text":"former UMESC employee, USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knights, Brent C. 0000-0001-8526-8468 bknights@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8526-8468","contributorId":2906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knights","given":"Brent","email":"bknights@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bartsch, Lynn 0000-0002-1483-4845 lbartsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-4845","contributorId":3342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartsch","given":"Lynn","email":"lbartsch@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Richardson, William B. 0000-0002-7471-4394 wrichardson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-4394","contributorId":3277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"William","email":"wrichardson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vallazza, Jonathan M. jvallazza@usgs.gov","contributorId":3651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallazza","given":"Jonathan","email":"jvallazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Arts, Michael T.","contributorId":139280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arts","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12720,"text":"Environment of Canada, National Water Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70193751,"text":"70193751 - 2015 - Anomalous solute transport in saturated porous media: Relating transport model parameters to electrical and nuclear magnetic resonance properties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:50:44","indexId":"70193751","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anomalous solute transport in saturated porous media: Relating transport model parameters to electrical and nuclear magnetic resonance properties","docAbstract":"The advection-dispersion equation (ADE) fails to describe commonly observed non-Fickian solute transport in saturated porous media, necessitating the use of other models such as the dual-domain mass-transfer (DDMT) model. DDMT model parameters are commonly calibrated via curve fitting, providing little insight into the relation between effective parameters and physical properties of the medium. There is a clear need for material characterization techniques that can provide insight into the geometry and connectedness of pore spaces related to transport model parameters. Here, we consider proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), direct-current (DC) resistivity, and complex conductivity (CC) measurements for this purpose, and assess these methods using glass beads as a control and two different samples of the zeolite clinoptilolite, a material that demonstrates non-Fickian transport due to intragranular porosity. We estimate DDMT parameters via calibration of a transport model to column-scale solute tracer tests, and compare NMR, DC resistivity, CC results, which reveal that grain size alone does not control transport properties and measured geophysical parameters; rather, volume and arrangement of the pore space play important roles. NMR cannot provide estimates of more-mobile and less-mobile pore volumes in the absence of tracer tests because these estimates depend critically on the selection of a material-dependent and flow-dependent cutoff time. Increased electrical connectedness from DC resistivity measurements are associated with greater mobile pore space determined from transport model calibration. CC was hypothesized to be related to length scales of mass transfer, but the CC response is unrelated to DDMT.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2014WR015284","usgsCitation":"Swanson, R., Binley, A., Keating, K., France, S., Osterman, G., Day-Lewis, F.D., and Singha, K., 2015, Anomalous solute transport in saturated porous media: Relating transport model parameters to electrical and nuclear magnetic resonance properties: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 2, p. 1264-1283, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR015284.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1264","endPage":"1283","ipdsId":"IP-057728","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014wr015284","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349126,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60febde4b06e28e9c2533f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Ryan D","contributorId":199846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swanson","given":"Ryan D","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Binley, Andrew 0000-0002-0938-9070","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0938-9070","contributorId":192556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Binley","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keating, Kristina","contributorId":199847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keating","given":"Kristina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"France, Samantha","contributorId":199848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"France","given":"Samantha","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Osterman, Gordon","contributorId":199849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osterman","given":"Gordon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Singha, Kamini 0000-0002-0605-3774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0605-3774","contributorId":191366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singha","given":"Kamini","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70187032,"text":"70187032 - 2015 - DigitalCrust – a 4D data system of material properties for transforming research on crustal fluid flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T16:52:31","indexId":"70187032","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1765,"text":"Geofluids","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"DigitalCrust – a 4D data system of material properties for transforming research on crustal fluid flow","docAbstract":"Fluid circulation in the Earth's crust plays an essential role in surface, near surface, and deep crustal processes. Flow pathways are driven by hydraulic gradients but controlled by material permeability, which varies over many orders of magnitude and changes over time. Although millions of measurements of crustal properties have been made, including geophysical imaging and borehole tests, this vast amount of data and information has not been integrated into a comprehensive knowledge system. A community data infrastructure is needed to improve data access, enable large-scale synthetic analyses, and support representations of the subsurface in Earth system models. Here, we describe the motivation, vision, challenges, and an action plan for a community-governed, four-dimensional data system of the Earth's crustal structure, composition, and material properties from the surface down to the brittle–ductile transition. Such a system must not only be sufficiently flexible to support inquiries in many different domains of Earth science, but it must also be focused on characterizing the physical crustal properties of permeability and porosity, which have not yet been synthesized at a large scale. The DigitalCrust is envisioned as an interactive virtual exploration laboratory where models can be calibrated with empirical data and alternative hypotheses can be tested at a range of spatial scales. It must also support a community process for compiling and harmonizing models into regional syntheses of crustal properties. Sustained peer review from multiple disciplines will allow constant refinement in the ability of the system to inform science questions and societal challenges and to function as a dynamic library of our knowledge of Earth's crust.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gfl.12114","usgsCitation":"Fan, Y., Richard, S., Bristol, R.S., Peters, S., Ingebritsen, S.E., Moosdorf, N., Packman, A.I., Gleeson, T., Zazlavsky, I., Peckham, S., Murdoch, L., Cardiff, M., Tarboton, D., Jones, N., Hooper, R., Arrigo, J., Gochis, D., and Olson, J., 2015, DigitalCrust – a 4D data system of material properties for transforming research on crustal fluid flow: Geofluids, v. 15, no. 1-2, p. 372-379, https://doi.org/10.1111/gfl.12114.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"372","endPage":"379","ipdsId":"IP-053923","costCenters":[{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340008,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"1-2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f877bae4b0b7ea54521c24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fan, Yin","contributorId":191145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fan","given":"Yin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richard, Steve","contributorId":191146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richard","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bristol, R. 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Our results indicate that nitrogen-management practices (improved fertilizer management and cover crops) fall short of achieving this goal, even if adopted on all cropland in the region. The goal of a 45% decrease in loads to the GoM can only be achieved through the coupling of nitrogen-management practices with innovative nitrogen-removal practices such as tile-drainage treatment wetlands, drainage–ditch enhancements, stream-channel restoration, and floodplain reconnection. Combining nitrogen-management practices with nitrogen-removal practices can dramatically reduce nutrient export from agricultural landscapes while minimizing impacts to agricultural production. With this approach, it may be possible to meet the 45% nutrient reduction goal while converting less than 1% of cropland in the UMORB to nitrogen-removal practices. Conservationists, policy makers, and agricultural producers seeking a workable strategy to reduce nitrogen export from the Corn Belt will need to consider a combination of nitrogen-management practices at the field scale and diverse nitrogen-removal practices at the landscape scale.
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Unfortunately, research activities to collect these data can negatively impact the breeding success of the study species and bias estimates of breeding success. Despite the potential for negative impacts, few studies have documented the effect of capturing incubating adults on nest survival or compared nest survival following different capture methods. In this study we evaluate the impacts of investigator disturbance associated with captures and nest visits on nest survival of Yellow-billed Loons (Gavia adamsii) and Pacific Loons (Gavia pacifica) in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska (NPR-A), an area of conservation concern, in 2011–2013. In an effort to reduce capture-related nest failures, we developed a new suspended dive net technique to catch territorial aquatic birds while off their nests. We then compared nest survival following suspended dive net captures to bow-net trap captures of breeding adult loons. Daily nest survival following bow-net trap or suspended dive net capture was about 30% lower than when adults were not captured. The effect of captures on nest survival was similar between bow-net trap and suspended dive net capture methods. Nest visits without captures also negatively impacted nest survival, although less than captures. If not accounted for, nest visitation biased daily survival rates of nests downward 6%. Effects of investigator disturbance did not differ by species or between years. Our results suggest that any source of disturbance that displaces incubating adult loons could potentially reduce nest survival. To maximize breeding success, human disturbance factors should be limited near loon nests.
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The aging of America's reservoirs and progressive loss of water storage capacity resulting from ongoing sedimentation, coupled with increasing societal needs, will cause the social, economic, environmental, and political importance of reservoirs to continually increase. The short- and medium-term (<50 years) environmental consequences of reservoir construction and operation are well known and include an altered flow regime, lost connectivity (longitudinal, floodplain), an altered sediment regime, substrate compositional change, and downstream channel degradation. In general, reservoir-related changes have had adverse consequences for the natural ecosystem. Longer term (>50 years) environmental changes as reservoirs enter “old” age are less understood. Additional research is needed to help guide the future management of aging reservoir systems and support the difficult decisions that will have to be made. 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