{"pageNumber":"1281","pageRowStart":"32000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165309,"records":[{"id":70174968,"text":"70174968 - 2014 - Macroevolutionary consequences of profound climate change on niche evolution in marine molluscs over the past three million years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-25T13:35:32","indexId":"70174968","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Macroevolutionary consequences of profound climate change on niche evolution in marine molluscs over the past three million years","docAbstract":"

In order to predict the fate of biodiversity in a rapidly changing world, we must first understand how species adapt to new environmental conditions. The long-term evolutionary dynamics of species' physiological tolerances to differing climatic regimes remain obscure. Here, we unite palaeontological and neontological data to analyse whether species' environmental tolerances remain stable across 3 Myr of profound climatic changes using 10 phylogenetically, ecologically and developmentally diverse mollusc species from the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains, USA. We additionally investigate whether these species' upper and lower thermal tolerances are constrained across this interval. We find that these species' environmental preferences are stable across the duration of their lifetimes, even when faced with significant environmental perturbations. The results suggest that species will respond to current and future warming either by altering distributions to track suitable habitat or, if the pace of change is too rapid, by going extinct. Our findings also support methods that project species' present-day environmental requirements to future climatic landscapes to assess conservation risks.

","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2014.1995","usgsCitation":"Saupe, E., Hendricks, J., Portell, R., Dowsett, H.J., Haywood, A.M., Hunter, S., and Lieberman, B., 2014, Macroevolutionary consequences of profound climate change on niche evolution in marine molluscs over the past three million years: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 281, no. 1795, Article 20141995; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1995.","productDescription":"Article 20141995; 9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059135","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472736,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1995","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325602,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"281","issue":"1795","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57973830e4b021cadec8ff41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saupe, E.E.","contributorId":173155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saupe","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6773,"text":"University of Kansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hendricks, J.R.","contributorId":173156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hendricks","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24620,"text":"San Jose State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Portell, R.W.","contributorId":37990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Portell","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 hdowsett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"hdowsett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haywood, A. M.","contributorId":147374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haywood","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hunter, S.J.","contributorId":27704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lieberman, B.S.","contributorId":173157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lieberman","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6773,"text":"University of Kansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70174027,"text":"70174027 - 2014 - Supplemental feeding alters migration of a temperate ungulate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:01:08","indexId":"70174027","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Supplemental feeding alters migration of a temperate ungulate","docAbstract":"

Conservation of migration requires information on behavior and environmental determinants. The spatial distribution of forage resources, which migration exploits, often are altered and may have subtle, unintended consequences. Supplemental feeding is a common management practice, particularly for ungulates in North America and Europe, and carryover effects on behavior of this anthropogenic manipulation of forage are expected in theory, but have received limited empirical evaluation, particularly regarding effects on migration. We used global positioning system (GPS) data to evaluate the influence of winter feeding on migration behavior of 219 adult female elk (Cervus elaphus) from 18 fed ranges and 4 unfed ranges in western Wyoming. Principal component analysis revealed that the migratory behavior of fed and unfed elk differed in distance migrated, and the timing of arrival to, duration on, and departure from summer range. Fed elk migrated 19.2 km less, spent 11 more days on stopover sites, arrived to summer range 5 days later, resided on summer range 26 fewer days, and departed in the autumn 10 days earlier than unfed elk. Time-to-event models indicated that differences in migratory behavior between fed and unfed elk were caused by altered sensitivity to the environmental drivers of migration. In spring, unfed elk migrated following plant green-up closely, whereas fed elk departed the feedground but lingered on transitional range, thereby delaying their arrival to summer range. In autumn, fed elk were more responsive to low temperatures and precipitation events, causing earlier departure from summer range than unfed elk. Overall, supplemental feeding disconnected migration by fed elk from spring green-up and decreased time spent on summer range, thereby reducing access to quality forage. Our findings suggest that ungulate migration can be substantially altered by changes to the spatial distribution of resources, including those of anthropogenic origin, and that management practices applied in one season may have unintended behavioral consequences in subsequent seasons.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecology Society of America","doi":"10.1890/13-2092.1","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.D., Kauffman, M., Monteith, K.L., Scurlock, B.M., Albeke, S.E., and Cross, P.C., 2014, Supplemental feeding alters migration of a temperate ungulate: Ecological Applications, v. 24, no. 7, p. 1769-1779, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-2092.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1769","endPage":"1779","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051734","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324298,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1890/13-2092.1/abstract"},{"id":324334,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.830078125,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -110.830078125,\n 44.276671273775186\n ],\n [\n -107.22656249999999,\n 44.276671273775186\n ],\n [\n -107.22656249999999,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -110.830078125,\n 41.705728515237524\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576d0836e4b07657d1a37586","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Jennifer D.","contributorId":145754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16227,"text":"Institute on Ecosystems,Montana State University MT, 59715 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew mkauffman@usgs.gov","contributorId":171443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew","email":"mkauffman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Monteith, Kevin L.","contributorId":83400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monteith","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scurlock, Brandon M.","contributorId":93788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurlock","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6917,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Laramie, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Albeke, Shannon E.","contributorId":81781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albeke","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70173643,"text":"70173643 - 2014 - Environmental correlates of temporary emigration for female Weddell seals and consequences for recruitment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T11:20:14","indexId":"70173643","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental correlates of temporary emigration for female Weddell seals and consequences for recruitment","docAbstract":"

In colonial-breeding species, prebreeders often emigrate temporarily from natal reproductive colonies then subsequently return for one or more years before producing young. Variation in attendance–nonattendance patterns can have implications for subsequent recruitment. We used open robust-design multistate models and 28 years of encounter data for prebreeding female Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii [Lesson]) to evaluate hypotheses about (1) the relationships of temporary emigration (TE) probabilities to environmental and population size covariates and (2) motivations for attendance and consequences of nonattendance for subsequent probability of recruitment to the breeding population. TE probabilities were density dependent (βˆBPOP = 0.66, \"inline = 0.17; estimated effects [β] and standard errors of population size in the previous year) and increased when the fast-ice edge was distant from the breeding colonies (βˆDIST = 0.75, \"inline = 0.04; estimated effects and standard errors of distance to the sea-ice edge in the current year on TE probability in the current year) and were strongly age and state dependent. These results suggest that trade-offs between potential benefits and costs of colony attendance vary annually and might influence motivation to attend colonies. Recruitment probabilities were greatest for seals that consistently attended colonies in two or more years (e.g., \"inline = 0.56, SD = 0.17) and lowest for seals that never or inconsistently attended prior to recruitment (e.g., \"inline = 0.32, SD = 0.15), where \"inlinedenotes the mean recruitment probability (over all years) for 10-year-old seals for the specified prebreeder state. In colonial-breeding seabirds, repeated colony attendance increases subsequent probability of recruitment to the adult breeding population; our results suggest similar implications for a marine mammal and are consistent with the hypothesis that prebreeders were motivated to attend reproductive colonies to gain reproductive skills or perhaps to optimally synchronize estrus through close association with mature breeding females.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/13-1966.1","usgsCitation":"Stauffer, G.E., Rotella, J.J., Garrott, R.A., and Kendall, W., 2014, Environmental correlates of temporary emigration for female Weddell seals and consequences for recruitment: Ecology, v. 95, no. 9, p. 2526-2536, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-1966.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2526","endPage":"2536","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054170","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/8736","text":"External Repository"},{"id":323263,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575941dde4b04f417c256824","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stauffer, Glenn E.","contributorId":171536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stauffer","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rotella, Jay J.","contributorId":37271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rotella","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5098,"text":"Department of Ecology, Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garrott, Robert A.","contributorId":171537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garrott","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendall, William L. 0000-0003-0084-9891 wkendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":166709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William L.","email":"wkendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70171512,"text":"70171512 - 2014 - Chemical complexity and source of the White River Ash, Alaska and Yukon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T10:49:41","indexId":"70171512","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical complexity and source of the White River Ash, Alaska and Yukon","docAbstract":"

The White River Ash, a prominent stratigraphic marker bed in Alaska (USA) and Yukon (Canada), consists of multiple compositional units belonging to two geochemical groups. The compositional units are characterized using multiple criteria, with combined glass and ilmenite compositions being the best discriminators. Two compositional units compose the northern group (WRA-Na and WRA-Nb), and two units are present in the eastern group (WRA-Ea and the younger, WRA-Eb). In the proximal area, the ca. 1900 yr B.P. (Lerbekmo et al., 1975) WRA-Na displays reverse zoning in the glass phase and systematic changes in ilmenite composition and estimated oxygen fugacity from the base to the top of the unit. The eruption probably tapped different magma batches or bodies within the magma reservoir with limited mixing or mingling between them. The 1147 cal yr B.P. (calibrated years, approximately equivalent to calendric years) (Clague et al., 1995) WRA-Ea eruption is only weakly zoned, but pumices with different glass compositions are present, along with gray and white intermingled glass in individual pumice clasts, indicating the presence of multiple magmatic bodies or layers. All White River Ash products are high-silica adakites and are sourced from the Mount Churchill magmatic system.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00953.1","usgsCitation":"Preece, S., McGimsey, R.G., Westgate, J., Pearce, N., Hartmann, W., and Perkins, W., 2014, Chemical complexity and source of the White River Ash, Alaska and Yukon: Geosphere, v. 10, no. 2014, p. 1020-1042, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00953.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1020","endPage":"1042","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059491","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472734,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00953.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":322089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Yukon","geographicExtents":"{\n 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UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70173513,"text":"70173513 - 2014 - Body morphology differs in wild juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Willamette River, Oregon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-16T15:27:27","indexId":"70173513","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Body morphology differs in wild juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Willamette River, Oregon, USA","docAbstract":"

Body morphology of juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the upper Willamette River, Oregon, U.S.A., was analysed to determine if variation in body shape is correlated with migratory life-history tactics followed by juveniles. Body shape was compared between migrating juveniles that expressed different life-history tactics, i.e. autumn migrants and yearling smolts, and among parr sampled at three sites along a longitudinal river gradient. In the upper Willamette River, the expression of life-history tactics is associated with where juveniles rear in the basin with fish rearing in downstream locations generally completing ocean ward migrations earlier in life than fish rearing in upstream locations. The morphological differences that were apparent between autumn migrants and yearling smolts were similar to differences between parr rearing in downstream and upstream reaches, indicating that body morphology is correlated with life-history tactics. Autumn migrants and parr from downstream sampling sites had deeper bodies, shorter heads and deeper caudal peduncles compared with yearling smolts and parr from the upstream sampling site. This study did not distinguish between genetic and environmental effects on morphology; however, the results suggest that downstream movement of juveniles soon after emergence is associated with differentiation in morphology and with the expression of life-history variation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1111/jfb.12482","usgsCitation":"Billman, E., Whitman, L., Schroeder, R., Sharpe, C., Noakes, D., and Schreck, C.B., 2014, Body morphology differs in wild juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Willamette River, Oregon, USA: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 85, no. 4, p. 1097-1110, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12482.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1097","endPage":"1110","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052731","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472732,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12482","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.255615234375,\n 43.23719944365308\n ],\n [\n -123.255615234375,\n 45.62940492064501\n ],\n [\n -121.7449951171875,\n 45.62940492064501\n ],\n [\n -121.7449951171875,\n 43.23719944365308\n ],\n [\n -123.255615234375,\n 43.23719944365308\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5763cdafe4b07657d19ba754","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Billman, E.J.","contributorId":172038,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Billman","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitman, L.D.","contributorId":172030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitman","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schroeder, R.K.","contributorId":172015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schroeder","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sharpe, C.S.","contributorId":103817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharpe","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Noakes, David L. G.","contributorId":146933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noakes","given":"David L. G.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":639373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70191656,"text":"70191656 - 2014 - Prolonged instability prior to a regime shift","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-18T11:15:47","indexId":"70191656","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prolonged instability prior to a regime shift","docAbstract":"

Regime shifts are generally defined as the point of ‘abrupt’ change in the state of a system. However, a seemingly abrupt transition can be the product of a system reorganization that has been ongoing much longer than is evident in statistical analysis of a single component of the system. Using both univariate and multivariate statistical methods, we tested a long-term high-resolution paleoecological dataset with a known change in species assemblage for a regime shift. Analysis of this dataset with Fisher Information and multivariate time series modeling showed that there was a∼2000 year period of instability prior to the regime shift. This period of instability and the subsequent regime shift coincide with regional climate change, indicating that the system is undergoing extrinsic forcing. Paleoecological records offer a unique opportunity to test tools for the detection of thresholds and stable-states, and thus to examine the long-term stability of ecosystems over periods of multiple millennia.

","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0108936","usgsCitation":"Spanbauer, T., Allen, C.R., Angeler, D., Eason, T., Fritz, S.C., Garmestani, A.S., Nash, K.L., and Stone, J., 2014, Prolonged instability prior to a regime shift: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 10, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108936.","productDescription":" e108936; 7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-056958","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108936","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e8683ee4b05fe04cd4d255","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spanbauer, Trisha","contributorId":146435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spanbauer","given":"Trisha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16610,"text":"University of Nebraska-Lincoln","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":713313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eason, Tarsha","contributorId":82220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eason","given":"Tarsha","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fritz, Sherilyn C.","contributorId":30155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritz","given":"Sherilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Garmestani, Ahjond S.","contributorId":77285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garmestani","given":"Ahjond","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nash, Kirsty L.","contributorId":40897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"Kirsty","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stone, Jeffery R.","contributorId":95501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Jeffery R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70193632,"text":"70193632 - 2014 - Straddling the tholeiitic/calc-alkaline transition: The effects of modest amounts of water on magmatic differentiation at Newberry Volcano, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T13:47:50","indexId":"70193632","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Straddling the tholeiitic/calc-alkaline transition: The effects of modest amounts of water on magmatic differentiation at Newberry Volcano, Oregon","docAbstract":"

Melting experiments have been performed at 1 bar (anhydrous) and 1- and 2-kbar H2O-saturated conditions to study the effect of water on the differentiation of a basaltic andesite. The starting material was a mafic pumice from the compositionally zoned tuff deposited during the ~75 ka caldera-forming eruption of Newberry Volcano, a rear-arc volcanic center in the central Oregon Cascades. Pumices in the tuff of Newberry caldera (TNC) span a continuous silica range from 53 to 74 wt% and feature an unusually high-Na2O content of 6.5 wt% at 67 wt% SiO2. This wide range of magmatic compositions erupted in a single event makes the TNC an excellent natural laboratory in which to study the conditions of magmatic differentiation. Our experimental results and mineral–melt hygrometers/thermometers yield similar estimates of pre-eruptive H2O contents and temperatures of the TNC liquids. The most primitive (mafic) basaltic andesites record a pre-eruptive H2O content of 1.5 wt% and a liquidus temperature of 1,060–1,070 °C at upper crustal pressure. This modest H2O content produces a distinctive fractionation trend that is much more enriched in Na, Fe, and Ti than the calc-alkaline trend typical of wetter arc magmas, but slightly less enriched in Fe and Ti than the tholeiitic trend of dry magmas. Modest H2O contents might be expected at Newberry Volcano given its location in the Cascade rear arc, and the same fractionation trend is also observed in the rim andesites of the rear-arc Medicine Lake volcano in the southern Cascades. However, the Na–Fe–Ti enrichment characteristic of modest H2O (1–2 wt%) is also observed to the west of Newberry in magmas erupted from the arc axis, such as the Shevlin Park Tuff and several lava flows from the Three Sisters. This shows that modest-H2O magmas are being generated directly beneath the arc axis as well as in the rear arc. Because liquid lines of descent are particularly sensitive to water content in the range of 0–3 wt% H2O, they provide a quantitative and reliable tool for precisely determining pre-eruptive H2O content using major-element data from pumices or lava flows. Coupled enrichment in Na, Fe, and Ti relative to the calc-alkaline trend is a general feature of fractional crystallization in the presence of modest amounts of H2O, which may be used to look for “damp” fractionation sequences elsewhere.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00410-014-1066-7","usgsCitation":"Mandler, B.E., Donnelly-Nolan, J.M., and Grove, T.L., 2014, Straddling the tholeiitic/calc-alkaline transition: The effects of modest amounts of water on magmatic differentiation at Newberry Volcano, Oregon: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 168, Article 1066; 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-014-1066-7.","productDescription":"Article 1066; 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-060074","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348126,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Newberry Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.28047943115236,\n 43.69915480258559\n ],\n [\n -121.19327545166016,\n 43.69989944167303\n ],\n [\n -121.19327545166016,\n 43.739352079154706\n ],\n [\n -121.27841949462889,\n 43.73736766145917\n ],\n [\n -121.28047943115236,\n 43.69915480258559\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"168","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eaae4b0531197b27fa1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mandler, Ben E.","contributorId":199667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mandler","given":"Ben","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donnelly-Nolan, Julie M. 0000-0001-8714-9606 jdnolan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8714-9606","contributorId":3271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donnelly-Nolan","given":"Julie","email":"jdnolan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grove, Timothy L.","contributorId":193070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grove","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70192935,"text":"70192935 - 2014 - Distribution, stock composition and timing, and tagging response of wild Chinook Salmon returning to a large, free-flowing river basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-07T12:59:22","indexId":"70192935","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution, stock composition and timing, and tagging response of wild Chinook Salmon returning to a large, free-flowing river basin","docAbstract":"

Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha returns to the Yukon River basin have declined dramatically since the late 1990s, and detailed information on the spawning distribution, stock structure, and stock timing is needed to better manage the run and facilitate conservation efforts. A total of 2,860 fish were radio-tagged in the lower basin during 2002–2004 and tracked upriver. Fish traveled to spawning areas throughout the basin, ranging from several hundred to over 3,000 km from the tagging site. Similar distribution patterns were observed across years, suggesting that the major components of the run were identified. Daily and seasonal composition estimates were calculated for the component stocks. The run was dominated by two regional components comprising over 70% of the return. Substantially fewer fish returned to other areas, ranging from 2% to 9% of the return, but their collective contribution was appreciable. Most regional components consisted of several principal stocks and a number of small, spatially isolated populations. Regional and stock composition estimates were similar across years even though differences in run abundance were reported, suggesting that the differences in abundance were not related to regional or stock-specific variability. Run timing was relatively compressed compared with that in rivers in the southern portion of the species’ range. Most stocks passed through the lower river over a 6-week period, ranging in duration from 16 to 38 d. Run timing was similar for middle- and upper-basin stocks, limiting the use of timing information for management. The lower-basin stocks were primarily later-run fish. Although differences were observed, there was general agreement between our composition and timing estimates and those from other assessment projects within the basin, suggesting that the telemetry-based estimates provided a plausible approximation of the return. However, the short duration of the run, complex stock structure, and similar stock timing complicate management of Yukon River returns.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2014.959997","usgsCitation":"Eiler, J.H., Masuda, M., Spencer, T.R., Driscoll, R.J., and Schreck, C.B., 2014, Distribution, stock composition and timing, and tagging response of wild Chinook Salmon returning to a large, free-flowing river basin: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 143, no. 6, p. 1476-1507, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.959997.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"1476","endPage":"1507","ipdsId":"IP-057305","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348381,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Yukon Territory","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -166.1572265625,\n 61.270232790000634\n ],\n [\n -132.8466796875,\n 61.270232790000634\n ],\n [\n -132.8466796875,\n 67.92514047803861\n ],\n [\n -166.1572265625,\n 67.92514047803861\n ],\n [\n -166.1572265625,\n 61.270232790000634\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"143","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ecf5e4b09af898c8cd3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eiler, John H.","contributorId":146952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eiler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Masuda, Michele","contributorId":24280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masuda","given":"Michele","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spencer, Ted R.","contributorId":200091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spencer","given":"Ted","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Driscoll, Richard J.","contributorId":200093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70147913,"text":"70147913 - 2014 - Thermal ecology of subadult and adult muskellunge in a thermally enriched reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-08T10:18:20","indexId":"70147913","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1659,"text":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal ecology of subadult and adult muskellunge in a thermally enriched reservoir","docAbstract":"

The movement of adult muskellunge, Esox masquinongy Mitchill, has been investigated in a variety of systems, but temperature selection by muskellunge has not been examined where well-oxygenated waters were available over a range of temperatures for much of the year. Thirty subadult and adult muskellunge tagged internally with temperature-sensing radio tags were tracked from March 2010 to March 2011 in a Tennessee reservoir. Mean tag temperatures were 18.9 °C in spring (March to May), 22.1 °C in summer (June to August), 16.5 °C in autumn and 9.8 °C in winter (December to February). When the greatest range in water temperatures was available (7.1–33.3 °C; May to early August 2010), their realised thermal niche (mean ± 1 SD) was 22.3 °C ± 1.8; the realised thermal niche was affected by fish size (smaller fish selected slightly warmer temperatures) but not sex. An electric generating steam plant discharging warm water resumed operation in January 2011, and most (86%) tagged fish occupied the plume where temperatures were ≈10 °C warmer than ambient water temperatures. No mortalities were observed 15 days later when plant operations ceased. Their affinity for the heated plume prompted concerns that muskellunge will be too easily exploited when the plant operates during winter.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fme.12093","usgsCitation":"Cole, A.J., and Bettoli, P.W., 2014, Thermal ecology of subadult and adult muskellunge in a thermally enriched reservoir: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 21, no. 5, p. 410-420, https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12093.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"410","endPage":"420","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055104","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300174,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Melton Hill Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.30084228515625,\n 35.88571227867025\n ],\n [\n 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J.","contributorId":140640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cole","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bettoli, Phillip William pbettoli@usgs.gov","contributorId":1919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettoli","given":"Phillip","email":"pbettoli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70148047,"text":"70148047 - 2014 - Where the waters meet: sharing ideas and experiences between inland and marine realms to promote sustainable fisheries management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-24T14:21:11","indexId":"70148047","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Where the waters meet: sharing ideas and experiences between inland and marine realms to promote sustainable fisheries management","docAbstract":"

Although inland and marine environments, their fisheries, fishery managers, and the realm-specific management approaches are often different, there are a surprising number of similarities that frequently go unrecognized. We contend that there is much to be gained by greater cross-fertilization and exchange of ideas and strategies between realms and the people who manage them. The purpose of this paper is to provide examples of the potential or demonstrated benefits of working across aquatic boundaries for enhanced sustainable management of the world’s fisheries resources. Examples include the need to (1) engage in habitat management and protection as the foundation for fisheries, (2) rethink institutional arrangements and management for open-access fisheries systems, (3) establish “reference points” and harvest control rules, (4) engage in integrated management approaches, (5) reap conservation benefits from the link to fish as food, and (6) reframe conservation and management of fish to better engage the public and industry. Cross-fertilization and knowledge transfer between realms could be realized using environment-independent curricula and symposia, joint scientific advisory councils for management, integrated development projects, and cross-realm policy dialogue. Given the interdependence of marine and inland fisheries, promoting discussion between the realms has the potential to promote meaningful advances in managing global fisheries.

","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2014-0176","usgsCitation":"Cooke, S., Arlinghaus, R., Bartley, D.M., Beard, T., Cowx, I.G., Essington, T.E., Jensen, O.P., Lynch, A.J., Taylor, W., and Watson, R., 2014, Where the waters meet: sharing ideas and experiences between inland and marine realms to promote sustainable fisheries management: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 71, no. 10, p. 1593-1601, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0176.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1593","endPage":"1601","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057113","costCenters":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Where_the_waters_meet_sharing_ideas_and_experiences_between_inland_and_marine_realms_to_promote_sustainable_fisheries_management/22914563","text":"External Repository"},{"id":300421,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555718c5e4b0a92fa7e9d04b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooke, Steven J.","contributorId":56132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooke","given":"Steven J.","affiliations":[{"id":36574,"text":"Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arlinghaus, Robert","contributorId":32425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arlinghaus","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17980,"text":"Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartley, Devin M.","contributorId":15913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartley","given":"Devin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beard, T. Douglas Jr. 0000-0003-2632-2350 dbeard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2632-2350","contributorId":3314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"T. 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    \n
  1. In the alluvial valley of the lower Mississippi River, floodplain lakes form isolated aquatic fragments that retain differing degrees of connectivity to neighbouring rivers. Within these floodplain lakes it was hypothesized that fish species composition, relative abundance, and biodiversity metrics would be shaped largely by aquatic connectivity within a catchment.
    2. \n
  2. Fish assemblages in 13 floodplain lakes (five on-channel; eight off-channel) were assessed with electrofishing in 2006–2012 in the Bear Creek catchment, Mississippi, USA. Bear Creek spans approximately 80 km before draining into the Yazoo River, a tributary of the Mississippi River.
    3. \n
  3. Fish assemblages in on-channel and off-channel lakes were different, and fish assemblages in on-channel lakes were as a group more homogeneous than off-channel lakes. Moreover, a longitudinal gradient in fish assemblages occurred in on-channel lakes. The observed patterns in fish assemblages are linked largely to differing intensities in connectivity among lakes within the catchment. Lakes with irregular connections have greater individuality, whereas lakes with continuous or chronic connection are more similar. The wide variation in connectivity could be a key to the distinctive biodiversity of catchments and the focus of fish conservation programmes.
    4. \n
  4. Off-channel floodplain lakes are among the first landscape elements to vanish as a consequence of agricultural development. These habitats tend to accumulate sediments at fast rates and are converted to agricultural land as soon as suitable drainage can be attained. Considering that off-channel lakes with limited connectivity contribute greatly to the heterogeneity of fish assemblages, such losses pose great concerns to conservation of biodiversity.
    5. \n
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/aqc.2468","usgsCitation":"Andrews, C.S., Miranda, L.E., Goetz, D.B., and Kroger, R., 2014, Spatial patterns of lacustrine fish assemblages in a catchment of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, v. 24, no. 5, p. 634-644, https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.2468.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"634","endPage":"644","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049896","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306613,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Bear Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.5712890625,\n 32.798818855292\n ],\n [\n -90.5712890625,\n 33.708347493688414\n ],\n [\n -89.75555419921874,\n 33.708347493688414\n ],\n [\n -89.75555419921874,\n 32.798818855292\n ],\n [\n -90.5712890625,\n 32.798818855292\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cc6e29e4b08400b1fe0fd9","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/aqc.2468","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.2468","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Andrews Caroline S., Miranda L. E., Goetz Daniel B., Kröger Robert","journalName":"Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","publicationDate":"6/11/2014","auditedOn":"11/11/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, Caroline S.","contributorId":143700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andrews","given":"Caroline","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goetz, Daniel B.","contributorId":143784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goetz","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kroger, Robert","contributorId":143701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kroger","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148129,"text":"70148129 - 2014 - Evaluating the effects of land use on headwater wetland amphibian assemblages in coastal Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-29T15:01:26","indexId":"70148129","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the effects of land use on headwater wetland amphibian assemblages in coastal Alabama","docAbstract":"

Anthropogenic land use is known to impact aquatic ecosystems in several ways, including increased frequency and intensity of floods, stream channel incision, sedimentation, and loss of microtopography. Amphibians are susceptible to changes in wetland and surrounding habitats. This study evaluated amphibian assemblages of fifteen headwater slope wetlands in coastal Alabama across a gradient of land uses. Amphibians were surveyed on a seasonal basis and land use was delineated within wetland watersheds and within a 200-m buffer surrounding each wetland. Amphibian presence/absence and land use data were used to develop species occupancy models. Both urban and agricultural land use were shown to influence amphibian occurrence. Species richness ranged from five to ten species across sites; however, five species only occurred in wetlands surrounded by forested lands. Many species were detected more frequently on these wetlands compared to wetlands surrounded by urban or mixed land uses. Occupancy models showed Acris gryllus was negatively associated with the amount of agriculture within a buffer around the wetland. Hyla squirella, Lithobates clamitans, and L. sphenocephalus were positively associated with agricultural land within a watershed. Anaxyrus terrestris and the non-native Eleutherodactylus planirostris were positively associated with the amount of impervious surface area within the wetland buffer.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-014-0553-y","usgsCitation":"Alix, D.M., Anderson, C.J., Grand, J.B., and Guyer, C., 2014, Evaluating the effects of land use on headwater wetland amphibian assemblages in coastal Alabama: Wetlands, v. 34, no. 5, p. 917-926, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-014-0553-y.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"917","endPage":"926","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051560","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300926,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","county":"Baldwin County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.7423095703125,\n 31.04587480670449\n ],\n [\n -87.66128540039062,\n 31.049404461655996\n ],\n [\n -87.6324462890625,\n 30.86215257839766\n ],\n [\n -87.53356933593749,\n 30.741835717889792\n ],\n [\n -87.4017333984375,\n 30.667447179098694\n ],\n [\n -87.49786376953125,\n 30.37405999207125\n ],\n [\n -87.64755249023438,\n 30.317173211357414\n ],\n [\n -87.83706665039061,\n 30.414334780625396\n ],\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 30.483000484352313\n ],\n [\n -87.89886474609375,\n 30.55043513509528\n ],\n [\n -87.93731689453125,\n 30.7241293640261\n ],\n [\n -87.91397094726562,\n 30.851542445605972\n ],\n [\n -87.7423095703125,\n 31.04587480670449\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55698dcfe4b0d9246a9f649e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alix, Diane M.","contributorId":140996,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alix","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Christopher J.","contributorId":11516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guyer, Craig","contributorId":104800,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guyer","given":"Craig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70155825,"text":"70155825 - 2014 - Assessing the risk persistent drought using climate model simulations and paleoclimate data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T13:58:37","indexId":"70155825","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the risk persistent drought using climate model simulations and paleoclimate data","docAbstract":"

Projected changes in global rainfall patterns will likely alter water supplies and ecosystems in semiarid regions during the coming century. Instrumental and paleoclimate data indicate that natural hydroclimate fluctuations tend to be more energetic at low (multidecadal to multicentury) than at high (interannual) frequencies. State-of-the-art global climate models do not capture this characteristic of hydroclimate variability, suggesting that the models underestimate the risk of future persistent droughts. Methods are developed here for assessing the risk of such events in the coming century using climate model projections as well as observational (paleoclimate) information. Where instrumental and paleoclimate data are reliable, these methods may provide a more complete view of prolonged drought risk. In the U.S. Southwest, for instance, state-of-the-art climate model projections suggest the risk of a decade-scale megadrought in the coming century is less than 50%; the analysis herein suggests that the risk is at least 80%, and may be higher than 90% in certain areas. The likelihood of longer-lived events (>35 yr) is between 20% and 50%, and the risk of an unprecedented 50-yr megadrought is nonnegligible under the most severe warming scenario (5%–10%). These findings are important to consider as adaptation and mitigation strategies are developed to cope with regional impacts of climate change, where population growth is high and multidecadal megadrought—worse than anything seen during the last 2000 years—would pose unprecedented challenges to water resources in the region.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00282.1","usgsCitation":"Ault, T.R., Cole, J.E., Overpeck, J.T., Pederson, G.T., and Meko, D.M., 2014, Assessing the risk persistent drought using climate model simulations and paleoclimate data: Journal of Climate, v. 27, no. 20, p. 7529-7549, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00282.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"7529","endPage":"7549","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024658","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472725,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00282.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.0185546875,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -103.6669921875,\n 32.0639555946604\n ],\n [\n -108.06152343749999,\n 31.840232667909365\n ],\n [\n -108.2373046875,\n 31.240985378021307\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 31.39115752282472\n ],\n [\n -115.04882812499999,\n 32.62087018318113\n ],\n [\n -117.333984375,\n 32.62087018318113\n ],\n [\n -118.125,\n 33.61461929233378\n ],\n [\n -119.66308593749999,\n 34.19817309627726\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 34.59704151614417\n ],\n [\n -120.76171875,\n 35.137879119634185\n ],\n [\n -122.16796875,\n 36.77409249464195\n ],\n [\n -123.1787109375,\n 37.96152331396616\n ],\n [\n -123.662109375,\n 39.198205348894795\n ],\n [\n -124.5849609375,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n -124.23339843749999,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -124.8046875,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -124.1015625,\n 44.62175409623324\n ],\n [\n -124.18945312500001,\n 45.79816953017265\n ],\n [\n -124.27734374999999,\n 46.92025531537451\n ],\n [\n -124.67285156250001,\n 47.96050238891509\n ],\n [\n -124.98046874999999,\n 48.45835188280866\n ],\n [\n -123.3544921875,\n 48.25394114463431\n ],\n [\n -122.607421875,\n 47.96050238891509\n ],\n [\n -122.29980468749999,\n 48.48748647988415\n ],\n [\n -122.87109375,\n 48.951366470947725\n ],\n [\n -122.34374999999999,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -104.0185546875,\n 48.980216985374994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cc6e28e4b08400b1fe0fcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ault, Toby R.","contributorId":146164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ault","given":"Toby","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, Julia E.","contributorId":69871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overpeck, Jonathan T.","contributorId":146162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Overpeck","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pederson, Gregory T. 0000-0002-6014-1425 gpederson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-1425","contributorId":3106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gregory","email":"gpederson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meko, David M.","contributorId":145887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meko","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70154894,"text":"70154894 - 2014 - Effect of bait and gear type on channel catfish catch and turtle bycatch in a reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-10T14:55:00","indexId":"70154894","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of bait and gear type on channel catfish catch and turtle bycatch in a reservoir","docAbstract":"

Hoop nets have become the preferred gear choice to sample channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus but the degree of bycatch can be high, especially due to the incidental capture of aquatic turtles. While exclusion and escapement devices have been developed and evaluated, few have examined bait choice as a method to reduce turtle bycatch. The use of Zote™ soap has shown considerable promise to reduce bycatch of aquatic turtles when used with trotlines but its effectiveness in hoop nets has not been evaluated. We sought to determine the effectiveness of hoop nets baited with cheese bait or Zote™ soap and trotlines baited with shad or Zote™ soap as a way to sample channel catfish and prevent capture of aquatic turtles. We used a repeated-measures experimental design and treatment combinations were randomly assigned using a Latin-square arrangement. Eight sampling locations were systematically selected and then sampled with either hoop nets or trotlines using Zote™ soap (both gears), waste cheese (hoop nets), or cut shad (trotlines). Catch rates did not statistically differ among the gear–bait-type combinations. Size bias was evident with trotlines consistently capturing larger sized channel catfish compared to hoop nets. Results from a Monte Carlo bootstrapping procedure estimated the number of samples needed to reach predetermined levels of sampling precision to be lowest for trotlines baited with soap. Moreover, trotlines baited with soap caught no aquatic turtles, while hoop nets captured many turtles and had high mortality rates. We suggest that Zote™ soap used in combination with multiple hook sizes on trotlines may be a viable alternative to sample channel catfish and reduce bycatch of aquatic turtles.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02705060.2014.966165","usgsCitation":"Cartabiano, E.C., Stewart, D., and Long, J.M., 2014, Effect of bait and gear type on channel catfish catch and turtle bycatch in a reservoir: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 30, no. 3, p. 407-415, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2014.966165.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"407","endPage":"415","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054701","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2014.966165","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Lake McMurty","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.21389770507812,\n 36.16116173423654\n ],\n [\n -97.21389770507812,\n 36.21214722153981\n ],\n [\n -97.16377258300781,\n 36.21214722153981\n ],\n [\n -97.16377258300781,\n 36.16116173423654\n ],\n [\n -97.21389770507812,\n 36.16116173423654\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55a78434e4b0183d66e45e81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cartabiano, Evan C.","contributorId":145638,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cartabiano","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, David R.","contributorId":141323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70154893,"text":"70154893 - 2014 - Spatial structuring within a reservoir fish population: implications for management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-15T11:52:50","indexId":"70154893","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2681,"text":"Marine and Freshwater Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial structuring within a reservoir fish population: implications for management","docAbstract":"

Spatial structuring in reservoir fish populations can exist because of environmental gradients, species-specific behaviour, or even localised fishing effort. The present study investigated whether white crappie exhibited evidence of improved population structure where the northern more productive half of a lake is closed to fishing to provide waterfowl hunting opportunities. Population response to angling was modelled for each substock of white crappie (north (protected) and south (unprotected) areas), the entire lake (single-stock model) and by combining simulations of the two independent substock models (additive model). White crappie in the protected area were more abundant, consisting of larger, older individuals, and exhibited a lower total annual mortality rate than in the unprotected area. Population modelling found that fishing mortality rates between 0.1 and 0.3 resulted in sustainable populations (spawning potential ratios (SPR) >0.30). The population in the unprotected area appeared to be more resilient (SPR > 0.30) at the higher fishing intensities (0.35–0.55). Considered additively, the whole-lake fishery appeared more resilient than when modelled as a single-panmictic stock. These results provided evidence of spatial structuring in reservoir fish populations, and we recommend model assessments used to guide management decisions should consider those spatial differences in other populations where they exist.

","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","doi":"10.1071/MF14085","usgsCitation":"Stewart, D., Long, J.M., and Shoup, D.E., 2014, Spatial structuring within a reservoir fish population: implications for management: Marine and Freshwater Research, v. 66, no. 3, p. 202-212, https://doi.org/10.1071/MF14085.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"202","endPage":"212","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054699","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305759,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55a78439e4b0183d66e45e98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, David R.","contributorId":141323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shoup, Daniel E.","contributorId":141325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shoup","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70168384,"text":"70168384 - 2014 - Transdisciplinary application of the cross-scale resilience model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T12:57:03","indexId":"70168384","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3504,"text":"Sustainability","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transdisciplinary application of the cross-scale resilience model","docAbstract":"

The cross-scale resilience model was developed in ecology to explain the emergence of resilience from the distribution of ecological functions within and across scales, and as a tool to assess resilience. We propose that the model and the underlying discontinuity hypothesis are relevant to other complex adaptive systems, and can be used to identify and track changes in system parameters related to resilience. We explain the theory behind the cross-scale resilience model, review the cases where it has been applied to non-ecological systems, and discuss some examples of social-ecological, archaeological/ anthropological, and economic systems where a cross-scale resilience analysis could add a quantitative dimension to our current understanding of system dynamics and resilience. We argue that the scaling and diversity parameters suitable for a resilience analysis of ecological systems are appropriate for a broad suite of systems where non-normative quantitative assessments of resilience are desired. Our planet is currently characterized by fast environmental and social change, and the cross-scale resilience model has the potential to quantify resilience across many types of complex adaptive systems.

","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/su6106925","usgsCitation":"Sundstrom, S.M., Angeler, D., Garmestani, A.S., Garcia, J.H., and Allen, C.R., 2014, Transdisciplinary application of the cross-scale resilience model: Sustainability, v. 6, no. 10, p. 6925-6948, https://doi.org/10.3390/su6106925.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"6925","endPage":"6948","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059658","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472721,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su6106925","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":317953,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bdbed1e4b06458514aeeef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sundstrom, Shana M.","contributorId":7159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sundstrom","given":"Shana","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garmestani, Ahjond S.","contributorId":77285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garmestani","given":"Ahjond","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garcia, Jorge H.","contributorId":91714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"Jorge","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70168386,"text":"70168386 - 2014 - The role of reserves and anthropogenic elements for functional connectivity and resilience of ephemeral habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T12:53:14","indexId":"70168386","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of reserves and anthropogenic elements for functional connectivity and resilience of ephemeral habitats","docAbstract":"

Ecological reserves provide important wildlife habitat in many landscapes, and the functional connectivity of reserves and other suitable habitat patches is crucial for the persistence and resilience of spatially structured populations. To maintain or increase connectivity at spatial scales larger than individual patches, conservation actions may focus on creating and maintaining reserves and/or influencing management on non-reserves. Using a graph-theoretic approach, we assessed the functional connectivity and spatial distribution of wetlands in the Rainwater Basin of Nebraska, USA, an intensively cultivated agricultural matrix, at four assumed, but ecologically realistic, anuran dispersal distances. We compared connectivity in the current landscape to the historical landscape and putative future landscapes, and evaluated the importance of individual and aggregated reserve and non-reserve wetlands for maintaining connectivity. Connectivity was greatest in the historical landscape, where wetlands were also the most densely distributed. The construction of irrigation reuse pits for water storage has maintained connectivity in the current landscape by replacing destroyed wetlands, but these pits likely provide suboptimal habitat. Also, because there are fewer total wetlands (i.e., wetlands and irrigation reuse pits) in the current landscape than the historical landscape, and because the distribution of current wetlands is less clustered than that of historical wetlands, larger and longer dispersing, sometimes nonnative species may be favored over smaller, shorter dispersing species of conservation concern. Because of their relatively low number, wetland reserves do not affect connectivity as greatly as non-reserve wetlands or irrigation reuse pits; however, they likely provide the highest quality anuran habitat. To improve future levels of resilience in this wetland habitat network, management could focus on continuing to improve the conservation status of non-reserve wetlands, restoring wetlands at spatial scales that promote movements of shorter dispersing species, and further scrutinizing irrigation reuse pit removal by considering effects on functional connectivity for anurans, an emblematic and threatened group of organisms. However, broader conservation plans will need to give consideration to other wetland-dependent species, incorporate invasive species management, and address additional challenges arising from global change in social-ecological systems like the Rainwater Basin.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/13-1755.1","usgsCitation":"Uden, D.R., Hellman, M., Angeler, D., and Allen, C.R., 2014, The role of reserves and anthropogenic elements for functional connectivity and resilience of ephemeral habitats: Ecological Applications, v. 24, no. 7, p. 1569-1582, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-1755.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1569","endPage":"1582","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052968","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Rainwater Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.77783203125,\n 40.22921818870117\n ],\n [\n -99.77783203125,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -96.591796875,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -96.591796875,\n 40.22921818870117\n ],\n [\n -99.77783203125,\n 40.22921818870117\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bdbed0e4b06458514aeeed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Uden, Daniel R.","contributorId":74258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uden","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hellman, Michelle L.","contributorId":33185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hellman","given":"Michelle L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189750,"text":"70189750 - 2014 - Laboratory generated M -6 earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-24T15:19:36","indexId":"70189750","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Laboratory generated M -6 earthquakes","docAbstract":"

We consider whether mm-scale earthquake-like seismic events generated in laboratory experiments are consistent with our understanding of the physics of larger earthquakes. This work focuses on a population of 48 very small shocks that are foreshocks and aftershocks of stick–slip events occurring on a 2.0 m by 0.4 m simulated strike-slip fault cut through a large granite sample. Unlike the larger stick–slip events that rupture the entirety of the simulated fault, the small foreshocks and aftershocks are contained events whose properties are controlled by the rigidity of the surrounding granite blocks rather than characteristics of the experimental apparatus. The large size of the experimental apparatus, high fidelity sensors, rigorous treatment of wave propagation effects, and in situ system calibration separates this study from traditional acoustic emission analyses and allows these sources to be studied with as much rigor as larger natural earthquakes. The tiny events have short (3–6 μs) rise times and are well modeled by simple double couple focal mechanisms that are consistent with left-lateral slip occurring on a mm-scale patch of the precut fault surface. The repeatability of the experiments indicates that they are the result of frictional processes on the simulated fault surface rather than grain crushing or fracture of fresh rock. Our waveform analysis shows no significant differences (other than size) between the M -7 to M -5.5 earthquakes reported here and larger natural earthquakes. Their source characteristics such as stress drop (1–10 MPa) appear to be entirely consistent with earthquake scaling laws derived for larger earthquakes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00024-013-0772-9","usgsCitation":"McLaskey, G.C., Kilgore, B.D., Lockner, D.A., and Beeler, N.M., 2014, Laboratory generated M -6 earthquakes: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 171, no. 10, p. 2601-2615, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-013-0772-9.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2601","endPage":"2615","ipdsId":"IP-046204","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344274,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"171","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59770751e4b0ec1a48889f90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLaskey, Gregory C. gmclaskey@usgs.gov","contributorId":4112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaskey","given":"Gregory","email":"gmclaskey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kilgore, Brian D. 0000-0003-0530-7979 bkilgore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7979","contributorId":3887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilgore","given":"Brian","email":"bkilgore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lockner, David A. 0000-0001-8630-6833 dlockner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"David","email":"dlockner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beeler, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-3397-8481 nbeeler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-8481","contributorId":2682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeler","given":"Nicholas","email":"nbeeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187367,"text":"70187367 - 2014 - Survival of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts through a hydropower complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T10:05:26","indexId":"70187367","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts through a hydropower complex","docAbstract":"

This study evaluated Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolt survival through the lower Penobscot River, Maine, U.S.A., and characterized relative differences in proportional use and survival through the main-stem of the river and an alternative migration route, the Stillwater Branch. The work was conducted prior to removal of two main-stem dams and operational changes in hydropower facilities in the Stillwater Branch. Survival and proportional use of migration routes in the lower Penobscot were estimated from multistate (MS) models based on 6 years of acoustic telemetry data from 1669 smolts and 2 years of radio-telemetry data from 190 fish. A small proportion (0·12, 95% c.i. = 0·06–0·25) of smolts used the Stillwater Branch, and mean survival through the two operational dams in this part of the river was relatively high (1·00 and 0·97). Survival at Milford Dam, the dam that will remain in the main-stem of the Penobscot River, was relatively low (0·91), whereas survival through two dams that were removed was relatively high (0·99 and 0·98). Smolt survival could decrease in the Stillwater Branch with the addition of two new powerhouses while continuing to meet fish passage standards. The effects of removing two dams in the main-stem are expected to be negligible for smolt survival based on high survival observed from 2005 to 2012 at those locations. Survival through Milford Dam was been well below current regulatory standards, and thus improvement of passage at this location offers the best opportunity for improving overall smolt survival in the lower river.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfb.12483","usgsCitation":"Stich, D., Bailey, M., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2014, Survival of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts through a hydropower complex: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 85, no. 4, p. 1074-1096, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12483.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1074","endPage":"1096","ipdsId":"IP-052398","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.9337158203125,\n 44.56894765233198\n ],\n [\n -68.51898193359375,\n 44.56894765233198\n ],\n [\n -68.51898193359375,\n 45.236217535866025\n ],\n [\n -68.9337158203125,\n 45.236217535866025\n ],\n [\n -68.9337158203125,\n 44.56894765233198\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492ee4b0fc4e448ffd72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stich, D.S.","contributorId":169719,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stich","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, M.M.","contributorId":7494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189179,"text":"70189179 - 2014 - A computer program for uncertainty analysis integrating regression and Bayesian methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T16:01:30","indexId":"70189179","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A computer program for uncertainty analysis integrating regression and Bayesian methods","docAbstract":"

This work develops a new functionality in UCODE_2014 to evaluate Bayesian credible intervals using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. The MCMC capability in UCODE_2014 is based on the FORTRAN version of the differential evolution adaptive Metropolis (DREAM) algorithm of Vrugt et al. (2009), which estimates the posterior probability density function of model parameters in high-dimensional and multimodal sampling problems. The UCODE MCMC capability provides eleven prior probability distributions and three ways to initialize the sampling process. It evaluates parametric and predictive uncertainties and it has parallel computing capability based on multiple chains to accelerate the sampling process. This paper tests and demonstrates the MCMC capability using a 10-dimensional multimodal mathematical function, a 100-dimensional Gaussian function, and a groundwater reactive transport model. The use of the MCMC capability is made straightforward and flexible by adopting the JUPITER API protocol. With the new MCMC capability, UCODE_2014 can be used to calculate three types of uncertainty intervals, which all can account for prior information: (1) linear confidence intervals which require linearity and Gaussian error assumptions and typically 10s–100s of highly parallelizable model runs after optimization, (2) nonlinear confidence intervals which require a smooth objective function surface and Gaussian observation error assumptions and typically 100s–1,000s of partially parallelizable model runs after optimization, and (3) MCMC Bayesian credible intervals which require few assumptions and commonly 10,000s–100,000s or more partially parallelizable model runs. Ready access allows users to select methods best suited to their work, and to compare methods in many circumstances.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.06.002","usgsCitation":"Lu, D., Ye, M., Hill, M.C., Poeter, E.P., and Curtis, G., 2014, A computer program for uncertainty analysis integrating regression and Bayesian methods: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 60, p. 45-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.06.002.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"56","ipdsId":"IP-057730","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343433,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c42e4b0d1f9f057e35e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Dan","contributorId":194172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lu","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ye, Ming","contributorId":70276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ye","given":"Ming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Poeter, Eileen P.","contributorId":78805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poeter","given":"Eileen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Curtis, Gary gpcurtis@usgs.gov","contributorId":194175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"Gary","email":"gpcurtis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70187369,"text":"70187369 - 2014 - Smolting in coastal cutthroat trout Onchorhynchus clarkii clarkii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T10:00:37","indexId":"70187369","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Smolting in coastal cutthroat trout Onchorhynchus clarkii clarkii","docAbstract":"

Gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity, condition factor and seawater (SW) challenges were used to assess the development of smolt characteristics in a cohort of hatchery coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii from the Cowlitz River in Washington State, U.S.A. Gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity increased slightly in the spring, coinciding with an increase in hypo-osmoregulatory ability. These changes were of lesser magnitude than are observed in other salmonine species. Even at the peak of tolerance, these fish exhibited notable osmotic perturbations in full strength SW. Condition factor in these hatchery fish declined steadily through the spring. Wild captured migrants from four tributaries of the Columbia River had moderately elevated gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity, consistent with smolt development and with greater enzyme activity than autumn captured juveniles from one of the tributaries, Abernathy Creek. Migrant fish also had reduced condition factor. General linear models of 7 years of data from Abernathy Creek suggest that yearly variation, advancing photoperiod (as ordinal date) and fish size (fork length) were significant factors for predicting gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity in these wild fish. Both yearly variation and temperature were significant factors for predicting condition factor. These results suggest that coastal O. c. clarkii exhibit weakly developed characteristics of smolting. These changes are influenced by environmental conditions with great individual variation. The data suggest great physiological plasticity consistent with the variable life-history tactics observed in this species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfb.12480","usgsCitation":"Zydlewski, J.D., Zydlewski, G., Kennedy, B., and Gale, W., 2014, Smolting in coastal cutthroat trout Onchorhynchus clarkii clarkii: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 85, no. 4, p. 1111-1130, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12480.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1111","endPage":"1130","ipdsId":"IP-052400","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492ee4b0fc4e448ffd70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zydlewski, G.","contributorId":69452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennedy, B.","contributorId":191614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gale, W.","contributorId":191615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gale","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70178477,"text":"70178477 - 2014 - A geochemical approach to determine sources and movement of saline groundwater in a coastal aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-21T13:03:57","indexId":"70178477","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A geochemical approach to determine sources and movement of saline groundwater in a coastal aquifer","docAbstract":"

Geochemical evaluation of the sources and movement of saline groundwater in coastal aquifers can aid in the initial mapping of the subsurface when geological information is unavailable. Chloride concentrations of groundwater in a coastal aquifer near San Diego, California, range from about 57 to 39,400 mg/L. On the basis of relative proportions of major-ions, the chemical composition is classified as Na-Ca-Cl-SO4, Na-Cl, or Na-Ca-Cl type water. δ2H and δ18O values range from −47.7‰ to −12.8‰ and from −7.0‰ to −1.2‰, respectively. The isotopically depleted groundwater occurs in the deeper part of the coastal aquifer, and the isotopically enriched groundwater occurs in zones of sea water intrusion. 87Sr/86Sr ratios range from about 0.7050 to 0.7090, and differ between shallower and deeper flow paths in the coastal aquifer. 3H and 14C analyses indicate that most of the groundwater was recharged many thousands of years ago. The analysis of multiple chemical and isotopic tracers indicates that the sources and movement of saline groundwater in the San Diego coastal aquifer are dominated by: (1) recharge of local precipitation in relatively shallow parts of the flow system; (2) regional flow of recharge of higher-elevation precipitation along deep flow paths that freshen a previously saline aquifer; and (3) intrusion of sea water that entered the aquifer primarily during premodern times. Two northwest-to-southeast trending sections show the spatial distribution of the different geochemical groups and suggest the subsurface in the coastal aquifer can be separated into two predominant hydrostratigraphic layers.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12108","usgsCitation":"Anders, R., Mendez, G.O., Futa, K., and Danskin, W.R., 2014, A geochemical approach to determine sources and movement of saline groundwater in a coastal aquifer: Groundwater, v. 52, no. 5, p. 756-768, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12108.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"756","endPage":"768","ipdsId":"IP-005647","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Otay River, San Diego, San Dieguito, Sweetwater River, Tijuana River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.28729248046875,\n 32.58616357743131\n ],\n [\n -117.28729248046875,\n 32.967195229355916\n ],\n [\n -116.47979736328125,\n 32.967195229355916\n ],\n [\n -116.47979736328125,\n 32.58616357743131\n ],\n [\n -117.28729248046875,\n 32.58616357743131\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"583415b4e4b0070c0abed82a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anders, Robert 0000-0002-2363-9072 randers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2363-9072","contributorId":1210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anders","given":"Robert","email":"randers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mendez, Gregory O. 0000-0002-9955-3726 gomendez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9955-3726","contributorId":1489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendez","given":"Gregory","email":"gomendez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":654126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Futa, Kiyoto 0000-0001-8649-7510 kfuta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8649-7510","contributorId":619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Futa","given":"Kiyoto","email":"kfuta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Danskin, Wesley R. 0000-0001-8672-5501 wdanskin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8672-5501","contributorId":1034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danskin","given":"Wesley","email":"wdanskin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70186694,"text":"70186694 - 2014 - Mineral resource of the month: Vermiculite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T13:04:07","indexId":"70186694","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1419,"text":"Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral resource of the month: Vermiculite","docAbstract":"

Vermiculite comprises a group of hydrated, laminar magnesium-aluminum-iron silicate minerals resembling mica. They are secondary minerals, typically altered biotite, iron-rich phlogopite or other micas or clay-like minerals that are themselves sometimes alteration products of amphibole, chlorite, olivine and pyroxene. Vermiculite deposits are associated with volcanic ultramafic rocks rich in magnesium silicate minerals, and flakes of the mineral range in color from black to shades of brown and yellow. The crystal structure of vermiculite contains water molecules, a property that is critical to its processing for common uses.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGI","usgsCitation":"Tanner, A.O., 2014, Mineral resource of the month: Vermiculite: Earth, v. October 2014, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-058027","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339408,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.earthmagazine.org/article/mineral-resource-month-vermiculite"}],"volume":"October 2014","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a545e4b09da6799d63b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanner, Arnold O. atanner@usgs.gov","contributorId":524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"Arnold","email":"atanner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70123433,"text":"ofr20141190 - 2014 - Downscaled climate projections for the Southeast United States: evaluation and use for ecological applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-30T16:52:51","indexId":"ofr20141190","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-30T16:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1190","title":"Downscaled climate projections for the Southeast United States: evaluation and use for ecological applications","docAbstract":"Climate change is likely to have many effects on natural ecosystems in the Southeast U.S. The National Climate Assessment Southeast Technical Report (SETR) indicates that natural ecosystems in the Southeast are likely to be affected by warming temperatures, ocean acidification, sea-level rise, and changes in rainfall and evapotranspiration. To better assess these how climate changes could affect multiple sectors, including ecosystems, climatologists have created several downscaled climate projections (or downscaled datasets) that contain information from the global climate models (GCMs) translated to regional or local scales. The process of creating these downscaled datasets, known as downscaling, can be carried out using a broad range of statistical or numerical modeling techniques. The rapid proliferation of techniques that can be used for downscaling and the number of downscaled datasets produced in recent years present many challenges for scientists and decisionmakers in assessing the impact or vulnerability of a given species or ecosystem to climate change. Given the number of available downscaled datasets, how do these model outputs compare to each other? Which variables are available, and are certain downscaled datasets more appropriate for assessing vulnerability of a particular species? Given the desire to use these datasets for impact and vulnerability assessments and the lack of comparison between these datasets, the goal of this report is to synthesize the information available in these downscaled datasets and provide guidance to scientists and natural resource managers with specific interests in ecological modeling and conservation planning related to climate change in the Southeast U.S. This report enables the Southeast Climate Science Center (SECSC) to address an important strategic goal of providing scientific information and guidance that will enable resource managers and other participants in Landscape Conservation Cooperatives to make science-based climate change adaptation decisions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141190","usgsCitation":"Wootten, A., Smith, K., Boyles, R., Terando, A., Stefanova, L., Misra, V., Smith, T., Blodgett, D.L., and Semazzi, F., 2014, Downscaled climate projections for the Southeast United States: evaluation and use for ecological applications: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1190, Report: v, 54 p.; 3 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141190.","productDescription":"Report: v, 54 p.; 3 Appendices","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055253","costCenters":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141190.jpg"},{"id":294685,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1190/appendix/ofr2014-1190_appendix3.pdf"},{"id":294686,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1190/appendix/ofr2014-1190_appendix4.pdf"},{"id":294682,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1190/"},{"id":294683,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1190/pdf/ofr2014-1190.pdf"},{"id":294684,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1190/appendix/ofr2014-1190_appendix2.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.00,25.00 ], [ -95.00,40.00 ], [ -75.00,40.00 ], [ -75.00,25.00 ], [ -95.00,25.00 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bb80be4b0abfb4c809678","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wootten, Adrienne","contributorId":23465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wootten","given":"Adrienne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Kara","contributorId":78658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyles, Ryan","contributorId":42897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyles","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Terando, Adam aterando@usgs.gov","contributorId":4792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terando","given":"Adam","email":"aterando@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stefanova, Lydia","contributorId":48300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stefanova","given":"Lydia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Misra, Vasru","contributorId":48886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Misra","given":"Vasru","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, Tom","contributorId":7387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Tom","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Blodgett, David L. 0000-0001-9489-1710 dblodgett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9489-1710","contributorId":3868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"David","email":"dblodgett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - 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