Ground water, because of its extensive use in agriculture, industry, and public-water supply, is one of Mississippi's most important natural resources. Ground water is the source for about 80 percent of the total freshwater used by the State's population (Solley and others, 1993). About 2,600 Mgal/d of freshwater is withdrawn from aquifers in Mississippi (D.E. Burt, Jr., U.S. Geological Survey, oral commun., 1995). Wells capable of yielding 200 gal/min of water with quality suitable for most uses can be developed nearly anywhere in the State (Bednar, 1988). The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality, Office of Pollution Control, and the Mississippi Department of Agriculture and Commerce, Bureau of Plant Industry, conducted an investigation to evaluate the susceptibility of ground water to contamination from surgace and shallow sources in Mississippi. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to develop and analyze statewide spatial data layers that contain geologic, hydrologic, physiographic, and cultural information.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ha739","isbn":"0607861126","usgsCitation":"O'Hara, C., 1996, Susceptibility of ground water to surface and shallow sources of contamination in Mississippi: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 739, 4 Plates: 37.08 x 48.61 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha739.","productDescription":"4 Plates: 37.08 x 48.61 inches or 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688064","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Hara, Charles G.","contributorId":83911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Hara","given":"Charles G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":67960,"text":"ha738A - 1996 - Geologic history and hydrogeologic units of intermontane basins of the northern Rocky Mountains, Montana and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-28T11:10:58","indexId":"ha738A","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"738","chapter":"A","title":"Geologic history and hydrogeologic units of intermontane basins of the northern Rocky Mountains, Montana and Idaho","docAbstract":"The Regional Aquifer-System Analysis (RASA) program is a series of studies by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to analyze regional ground-water systems that compose a major portion of the Nation’s water supply (Sun, 1986). The Northern Rocky Mountains Intermontane Basins is one of the study regions in this national program. The main objectives of the RASA studies are to: (1) describe the ground-water systems as they exist today, (2) analyze the known changes that have led to the system's present condition, (3) combine results of previous studies in a regional analysis, where possible, and (4) provide means by which effects of future ground-water development can be estimated.
The purpose of this study, which began in 1990, was to increase understanding of the hydrogeology of the intermontane basins of the Northern Rocky Mountains area. This report is Chapter Cofa three-part series and describes the quality of ground-water and surface water in the study area. Chapter A (Tück and others, 1996) describes the geologic history and generalized hydrogeologic units. Chapter B (Briar and others, 1996) describes the general distribution of ground-watcrlcwels in basin-fill deposits,
Water-quality data illustrated in this report represent the distribution of concentrations and composition of dissolved solids in ground-water and surface water in the intermontane areas. The chemistry of ground and surface water in the intermontane areas is influenced by the chemical and physical nature of the rocks in the basin deposits of the valleys and surrounding bedrock in the mountains.
The Regional Aquifer-System Analysis (RASA) program is a series of studies by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to analyze regional ground-water systems that compose a major portion of the Nation's water supply (Sun, 1986). The Northern Rocky Mountains Intermontane Basins is one of the study regions in this national program. The main objectives of the RASA studies are to (1) describe the groundwater systems as they exist today, (2) analyze the known changes that have led to the systems present condition, (3) combine results of previous studies in a regional analysis, where possible, and (4) provide means by which effects of future ground-water development can be estimated.
The purpose of this study, which began in 1990, was to increase understanding of the hydrogeology of the intermontane basins of the Northern Rocky Mountains area. This report is Chapter B of a three-part series and shows the general distribution of ground-water levels in basin-fill deposits in the study area. Chapter A (Tuck and others, 1996) describes the geologic history and generalized hydrogeologic units. Chapter C (Clark and Dutton, 1996) describes the quality of ground and surface waters in the study area.
Ground-water levels shown in this report were measured primarily during summer 1991 and summer 1992; however, historical water levels were used for areas where more recent data could not be obtained. The information provided allows for the evaluation of general directions of ground-water flow, identification of recharge and discharge areas, and determination of hydraulic gradients within basin-fill deposits.
The U.S. Army disposed chemical agents, laboratory materials, and unexploded ordnance at O-Field in the Edgewood Area of Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, from before World War II until at least the 1950's. Soil, ground water, surface water, and wetland sediments in the O-Field area were contaminated from the disposal activity. A ground-water-flow model of the O-Field area was constructed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 1989 to simulate flow in the central and southern part of Gunpowder Neck. The USGS began an additional study of the contamination in the O-Field area in cooperation with the U.S. Army in 1990 to (1) further define the hydrogeologic framework of the O-Field area, (2) characterize the hydraulic properties of the aquifers and confining unit, and (3) define ground-water flow paths at O-Field on the basis of the current data and simulations of ground-water flow.
A water-table aquifer, an upper confining unit, and an upper confined aquifer comprise the shallow ground-water system of the O-Field area. A lower confining unit, through which ground-water movement is negligible, is considered a lower boundary to the shallow system. These units are all part of the Pleistocene Talbot Formation.
The model developed in the previous study was redesigned using the data collected during this study and emphasized New O-Field. The current steady-state model was calibrated to water levels of June 1993. The rate of ground-water flow calculated by the model was approximately 0.48 feet per day and the rate determined from chlorofluorocarbon dates was approximately 0.39 feet per day.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954248","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Aberdeen Proving Ground Support Activity Environmental Conservation and Restoration Division Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland","usgsCitation":"Banks, W.S., Smith, B.S., and Donnelly, C.A., 1996, Hydrogeologic setting, hydraulic properties, and ground-water flow at the O-Field area of Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4248, iv, 29 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954248.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126308,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4248/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54826,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4248/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Aberdeen Proving Ground","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.30185127258301,\n 39.33316884707227\n ],\n [\n -76.28605842590332,\n 39.33316884707227\n ],\n [\n -76.28605842590332,\n 39.34571500699714\n ],\n [\n -76.30185127258301,\n 39.34571500699714\n ],\n [\n -76.30185127258301,\n 39.33316884707227\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6862cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, William S.L.","contributorId":35281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Barry S.","contributorId":21532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donnelly, Colleen A.","contributorId":62240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donnelly","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28638,"text":"wri954181 - 1996 - Surface-water quality assessment of the Clover Creek basin, Pierce County, Washington, 1991-92","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-29T21:10:03.459147","indexId":"wri954181","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4181","title":"Surface-water quality assessment of the Clover Creek basin, Pierce County, Washington, 1991-92","docAbstract":"Increasing urbanization in the 67-square-mile Clover Creek Basin has generated interest in the effects of land-use changes on local water quality. To investigate these effects, water-quality and streamflow data were collected from 19 surface-water sites in the basin over a 16-month period from January 1991 through April 1992. These data were used to understand the effects of surficial geology, land-use practices, and wastewater disposal practices on surface-water quality within the basin. The basin was divided into four drainage subbasins with dissimilar hydrogeologic, land-use, and water-quality characteristics. In the Upper Clover Creek subbasin, the high permeability of surficial geologic materials promotes infiltration of precipitation to ground water and thus attenuates the response of streams to rainfall. Significant interaction occurs between surface and ground water in this subbasin, and nitrate concentrations and specific conductance values, similar to those found historically in local ground water, indicate that sources such as subsurface waste-disposal systems and fertilizers are affecting surface- water quality in this area. In the Spanaway subbasin, the presence of Spanaway and Tule Lakes affects water quality, primarily because of the reduced velocity and long residence time of water in the lakes. Reduced water velocity and long residence times (1) cause settling of suspended materials, thereby reducing concentrations of suspended sediment and constituents that are bound to the sediment; (2) promote biological activity, which tends to trap nutrients in the lakes; and (3) allow dispersion to attenuate peaks in discharge and water-quality constituent concentrations. In the North Fork subbasin, the low permeability of surficial geologic materials and areas of intensive land development inhibit infiltration of precipitation and thus promote surface runoff to streams. Surface pathways provide little attenuation of storm runoff and result in rapid increases in stream discharge in response to rainfall. Substantial increases in concentrations of constituents associated with surface wash off, for example, suspended sediment, ammonia, phosphorus, and fecal coliform, also were observed in this subbasin during rainfall. In the Lower Clover Creek subbasin, which is the most downstream subbasin, stream-discharge and water-quality characteristics show the integrated effects of the entire basin. The data show that further characterization of local ground water and discharge from stormwater outfalls entering Clover Creek and its tributaries would be necessary to successfully apply a numerical water-quality model to the basin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954181","usgsCitation":"McCarthy, K.A., 1996, Surface-water quality assessment of the Clover Creek basin, Pierce County, Washington, 1991-92: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4181, v, 113 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954181.","productDescription":"v, 113 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391189,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48272.htm"},{"id":57474,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4181/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158790,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4181/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Pierce County","otherGeospatial":"Clover Creek basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.5417,\n 47.0236\n ],\n [\n -122.2456,\n 47.0236\n ],\n [\n -122.2456,\n 47.1844\n ],\n [\n -122.5417,\n 47.1844\n ],\n [\n -122.5417,\n 47.0236\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbeb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarthy, K. A.","contributorId":107309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27893,"text":"wri964013 - 1996 - Prediction of traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in rivers and streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-12T21:28:43","indexId":"wri964013","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4013","title":"Prediction of traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in rivers and streams","docAbstract":"The possibility of a contaminant being accidentally or intentionally spilled upstream from a water supply is a constant concern to those diverting and using water from streams and rivers. Although many excellent models are available to estimate traveltime and dispersion, none can be used with confidence before calibration and verification to the particular river reach in question. Therefore, the availability of reliable input information is usually the weakest link in the chain of events needed to predict the rate of movement, dilution, and mixing of contaminants in rivers and streams.\n\nMeasured tracer-response curves produced from the injection of a known quantity of soluble tracer provide an efficient method of obtaining the necessary data. The purpose of this report is to use previously presented concepts along with extensive data collected on time of travel and dispersion to provide guidance to water-resources managers and planners in responding to spills. This is done by providing methods to estimate (1) the rate of movement of a contaminant through a river reach, (2) the rate of attenuation of the peak concentration of a conservative contaminant with time, and (3) the length of time required for the contaminant plume to pass a point in the river. Although the accuracy of the predictions can be greatly increased by performing time-oftravel studies on the river reach in question, the emphasis of this report is on providing methods for making estimates where few data are available.\n\nResults from rivers of all sizes can be combined by defining the unit concentration as that concentration of a conservative pollutant that would result from injecting a unit of mass into a unit of flow. Unit-peak concentrations are compiled for more than 60 different rivers representing a wide range of sizes, slopes, and geomorphic types. Analyses of these data indicate that the unitpeak concentration is well correlated with the time required for a pollutant cloud to reach a specific point in the river. The variance among different rivers is, of course, larger than for a specific river reach. Other river characteristics that were compiled and included in the correlation included the drainage area, the reach slope, the mean annual discharge, and the discharge at the time of the measurement. The most significant other variable in the correlation was the ratio of the river discharge to mean annual discharge.\n\nThe prediction of the traveltime is more difficult than the prediction of unit-peak concentration; but the logarithm of stream velocity can be assumed to be linearly correlated with the logarithm of discharge. More than 980 subreaches for about 90 different rivers were analyzed and prediction equations were developed based on the drainage area, the reach slope, the mean annual discharge, and the discharge at the time of the measurement. The highest probable velocity, which will result in the highest concentration, is usually of concern after an accidental spill. Therefore, an envelope curve for which more than 99 percent of the velocities were smaller was developed to address this concern.\n\nThe time of arrival of the leading edge of the pollutant indicates when a problem will first exist and defines the overall shape of the tracer-response function. The traveltime of the leading edge is generally about 89 percent of the traveltime to the peak concentration.\n\nThe area under a tracer-response function (a known value when unit concentrations are used) can be closely approximated as the area under a triangle with a height of the peak concentration and a base extending from the leading edge to a point where the concentration has reduced to 1C percent of the peak. Knowing the time of the leading edge and the peak, the peak concentration, and the time when the response function has reduced to 10 percent of its peak value allows the complete response function to be sketched with fair accuracy.\n\nFour example applications are included to illustrate how the prediction equations developed in this report can be used either to calibrate a mathematical model or to make predictions directly.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri964013","usgsCitation":"Jobson, H.E., 1996, Prediction of traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in rivers and streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4013, iv, 69 p.: ill.; 28 cm.; HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964013.","productDescription":"iv, 69 p.: ill.; 28 cm.; HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":2178,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4013/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":158707,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4013/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56713,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4013/documents/dispersion.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e5fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jobson, Harvey E.","contributorId":27032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jobson","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22144,"text":"ofr96294 - 1996 - Sediment magnetic, paleomagnetic, and geochemical data from Quaternary lacustrine sediment in a core from Grass Lake, Siskiyou County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:07","indexId":"ofr96294","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-294","title":"Sediment magnetic, paleomagnetic, and geochemical data from Quaternary lacustrine sediment in a core from Grass Lake, Siskiyou County, California","docAbstract":"Sediment magnetic and geochemical results have been obtained from the top 60 meters of lacustrine sediments recovered in two cores from Tule Lake in northern California. The sediment magnetic and geochemical data, presented here in tabular form, complement studies of diatoms and pollen in the cores that are the bases for published paleoclimatic interpretations. This report also documents the methods used to obtain the magnetic properties and geochemical data.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96294","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Best, P.J., Reynolds, R.L., Rosenbaum, J.G., Drexler, J.W., and Adam, D.P., 1996, Sediment magnetic, paleomagnetic, and geochemical data from Quaternary lacustrine sediment in a core from Grass Lake, Siskiyou County, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-294, 44 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96294.","productDescription":"44 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0294/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":9120,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/of96-294/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":51592,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0294/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.80,42.00 ], [ -122.80,42.00 ], [ -122.80,42.00 ], [ -122.80,42.00 ], [ -122.80,42.00 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbfff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Best, Patti J.","contributorId":53831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Best","given":"Patti","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":187305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenbaum, Joseph G. jrosenbaum@usgs.gov","contributorId":1524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"Joseph","email":"jrosenbaum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":187306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drexler, John W.","contributorId":65501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adam, David P.","contributorId":36132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adam","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":22138,"text":"ofr96293 - 1996 - Sediment magnetic and geochemical data from Quaternary lacustine sediment in two cores from Tule Lake, Siskiyou County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:07","indexId":"ofr96293","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-293","title":"Sediment magnetic and geochemical data from Quaternary lacustine sediment in two cores from Tule Lake, Siskiyou County, California","docAbstract":"Sediment magnetic and geochemical results have been obtained from the top 60 meters of lacustrine sediments recovered in two cores from Tule Lake in northern California. The sediment magnetic and geochemical data, presented here in tabular form, complement studies of diatoms and pollen in the cores that are the bases for published paleoclimatic interpretations. This report also documents the methods used to obtain the magnetic properties and geochemical data. \r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96293","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Best, P.J., Reynolds, R.L., Rosenbaum, J.G., Dean, W.E., Honey, J., Drexler, J.W., and Adam, D.P., 1996, Sediment magnetic and geochemical data from Quaternary lacustine sediment in two cores from Tule Lake, Siskiyou County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-293, 50 p.; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96293.","productDescription":"50 p.; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154996,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0293/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":9119,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/of96-293/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":51586,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0293/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.80,42.00 ], [ -122.80,42.00 ], [ -122.80,42.00 ], [ -122.80,42.00 ], [ -122.80,42.00 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc055","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Best, Patti J.","contributorId":53831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Best","given":"Patti","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":187275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenbaum, Joseph G. jrosenbaum@usgs.gov","contributorId":1524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"Joseph","email":"jrosenbaum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":187276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":187277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Honey, Jeannine","contributorId":92700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honey","given":"Jeannine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Drexler, John W.","contributorId":65501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Adam, David P.","contributorId":36132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adam","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70156918,"text":"70156918 - 1996 - Interannual climate variability and snowpack in the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-19T06:10:47","indexId":"70156918","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interannual climate variability and snowpack in the western United States","docAbstract":"An important part of the water supply in the western United States is derived from runoff fed by mountain snowmelt Snow accumulation responds to both precipitation and temperature variations, and forms an interesting climatic index, since it integrates these influences over the entire late fall-spring period. Here, effects of cool season climate variability upon snow water equivalent (SWE) over the western part of the conterminous United States are examined. The focus is on measurements on/and 1 April, when snow accumulation is typically greatest. The primary data, from a network of mountainous snow courses, provides a good description of interannual fluctuations in snow accumulations, since many snow courses have records of five decades or more. For any given year, the spring SWE anomaly at a particular snow course is likely to be 25%–60% of its long-term average. Five separate regions of anomalous SWE variability are distinguished, using a rotated principal components analysis. Although effects vary with region and with elevation, in general, the anomalous winter precipitation has the strongest influence on spring SWE fluctuations. Anomalous temperature has a weaker effect overall, but it has great influence in lower elevations such as in the coastal Northwest, and during spring in higher elevations. The regional snow anomaly patterns are associated with precipitation and temperature anomalies in winter and early spring. Patterns of the precipitation, temperature, and snow anomalies extend over broad regional areas, much larger than individual watersheds. These surface anomalies are organized by the atmospheric circulation, with primary anomaly centers over the North Pacific Ocean as well as over western North America. For most of the regions, anomalously low SWE is associated with a winter circulation resembling the PNA pattern. With a strong low in the central North Pacific and high pressure over the Pacific Northwest, this pattern diverts North Pacific storms northward, away from the region. Both warm and cool phases of El Niño-Southern Oscillation tend to produce regional patterns with out-of-phase SWE anomalies in the Northwest and the Southwest.
","language":"English","publisher":"AMS","doi":"10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<0928:ICVASI>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Cayan, D.R., 1996, Interannual climate variability and snowpack in the western United States: Journal of Climate, v. 9, no. 5, p. 928-948, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<0928:ICVASI>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"928","endPage":"948","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<0928:icvasi>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307814,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 32.58384932565662\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 49.06666839558117\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 49.06666839558117\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 32.58384932565662\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 32.58384932565662\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e81db3e4b0dacf699e667a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cayan, Daniel R. 0000-0002-2719-6811 drcayan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2719-6811","contributorId":1494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"Daniel","email":"drcayan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24266,"text":"ofr95765 - 1996 - Analysis of tests of subsurface injection, storage, and recovery of freshwater in the lower Floridan aquifer, Okeechobee County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T17:58:53.394521","indexId":"ofr95765","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-31T22:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-765","title":"Analysis of tests of subsurface injection, storage, and recovery of freshwater in the lower Floridan aquifer, Okeechobee County, Florida","docAbstract":"A series of freshwater subsurface injection, storage, and recovery tests were conducted at an injection-well site near Lake Okeechobee in Okeechobee County, Florida, to assess the recoverability of injected canal water from the Lower Floridan aquifer. At the study site, the Lower Floridan aquifer is characterized as having four local, relatively independent, high-permeability flow zones (389 to 398 meters, 419 to 424 meters, 456 to 462 meters, and 472 to 476 meters below sea level). Four subsurface injection, storage, and recovery cycles were performed at the Lake Okeechobee injection-well site in which volumes of water injected ranged from about 387,275 to 1,343,675 cubic meters for all the cycles, and volumes of water recovered ranged from about 106,200 to 484,400 cubic meters for cycles 1, 2, and 3. The recovery efficiency for successive cycles 2 and 3 increased from 22 to 36 percent and is expected to continue increasing with additional cycles. A comparison of chloride concentration breakthrough curves at the deep monitor well (located about 171 meters from the injection well) for cycles 1, 4, and test no. 4 (from a previous study) revealed unexpected finings. One significant result was that the concentration asymptote, expected to be reached at concentration levels equivalent or close to the injected water concentration, was instead reached at higher concentration levels. The injection to recovery rate ratio might affect the chloride concentration breakthrough curve at the deep monitor well, which could explain this unexpected behavior. Because there are four high-permeability zones, if the rate of injection is smaller than the rate of recovery (natural artesian flow), the head differential might not be transmitted through the entire open wellbore, and injected water would probably flow only through the upper high- permeability zones. Therefore, observed chloride concentration values at the deep monitor well would be higher than the concentration of the injected water and would represent a mix of water from the different high-permeability zones. A generalized digital model was constructed to simulate the subsurface injection, storage, and recovery of freshwater in the Lower Floridan aquifer at the Lake Okeechobee injection-well site. The model was constructed using a modified version of the Saturated-Unsaturated TRAnsport code (SUTRA), which simulates variable-density advective-dispersive solute transport and variable-density ground-water flow. Satisfactory comparisons of simulated to observed dimensionless chloride concentrations for the deep monitor well were obtained when using the model during the injection and recovery phases of cycle 1, but not for the injection well during the recovery phase of cycle 1 even after several attempts. This precluded the determination of the recovery efficiency values by using the model. The unsatisfactory comparisons of simulated to observed dimensionless chloride concentrations for the injection well and failure of the model to represent the field data at this well could be due to the characteristics of the Lower Floridan aquifer (at the local scale), which is cavernous or conduit in nature. To test this possibility, Reynolds numbers were estimated at varying distances from the injection well, taking into consideration two aquifer types or conceptual systems, porous media and cavernous. For the porous media conceptual system, the Reynolds numbers were greater than 10 at distances less than 1.42 meters from the injection well. Thus, application of Darcy's law to ground-water flow might not be valid at this distance. However, at the deep monitor well (171 meters from the injection well), the Reynolds number was 0.08 which is indicative of laminar porous media flow. For the cavernous conceptual system, the Reynolds numbers were greater than 2,000 at distances less than 1,000 meters from the well. This number represents the upper limit of laminar flow, which is the fundamental assumption","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95765","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Quinones-Aponte, V., Kotun, K., and Whitley, J.F., 1996, Analysis of tests of subsurface injection, storage, and recovery of freshwater in the lower Floridan aquifer, Okeechobee County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-765, vi, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95765.","productDescription":"vi, 32 p.","numberOfPages":"32","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":53391,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0765/ofr95765.pdf","text":"Report","size":"802 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 95-765"},{"id":155007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0765/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Okeechobee County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-80.8732,27.6425],[-80.7783,27.6434],[-80.7774,27.5586],[-80.6801,27.5578],[-80.6798,27.5265],[-80.6777,27.3688],[-80.6775,27.3097],[-80.6781,27.2941],[-80.6791,27.2941],[-80.678,27.2443],[-80.6781,27.2406],[-80.6779,27.206],[-80.6777,27.1212],[-80.8855,26.9586],[-80.8689,27.1459],[-80.8865,27.1662],[-80.89,27.1682],[-80.8941,27.1669],[-80.8997,27.1684],[-80.9056,27.1723],[-80.9091,27.1756],[-80.9089,27.1798],[-80.9082,27.1862],[-80.9091,27.1886],[-80.9157,27.1901],[-80.9227,27.194],[-80.9287,27.1984],[-80.9338,27.198],[-80.9368,27.2],[-80.9381,27.2051],[-80.9435,27.2108],[-80.9489,27.2188],[-80.9539,27.2217],[-80.9596,27.2191],[-80.9658,27.2165],[-80.9733,27.2213],[-80.9806,27.2299],[-80.9824,27.2359],[-80.9826,27.2451],[-80.9871,27.248],[-80.9945,27.2552],[-80.9988,27.2654],[-80.9989,27.2751],[-80.9979,27.2903],[-80.9987,27.2968],[-81.0036,27.3006],[-81.0123,27.3009],[-81.0205,27.3016],[-81.0264,27.3063],[-81.0288,27.3119],[-81.03,27.3207],[-81.0334,27.3254],[-81.0384,27.3283],[-81.0434,27.3326],[-81.0447,27.3391],[-81.0419,27.3455],[-81.0378,27.3482],[-81.0331,27.3499],[-81.033,27.354],[-81.0393,27.3625],[-81.0494,27.3651],[-81.0523,27.3702],[-81.0572,27.3777],[-81.0677,27.3831],[-81.0835,27.3854],[-81.1044,27.386],[-81.116,27.3909],[-81.1254,27.3999],[-81.1278,27.406],[-81.1343,27.4103],[-81.1413,27.4142],[-81.1416,27.4216],[-81.1402,27.4317],[-81.142,27.44],[-81.1489,27.4489],[-81.1578,27.457],[-81.1694,27.462],[-81.1723,27.4685],[-81.1771,27.4774],[-81.183,27.484],[-81.1957,27.488],[-81.2032,27.4914],[-81.2041,27.4974],[-81.2017,27.5075],[-81.2025,27.5135],[-81.2069,27.5196],[-81.2096,27.5308],[-81.2032,27.5398],[-81.202,27.5458],[-81.2014,27.5476],[-81.1904,27.5542],[-81.1811,27.5577],[-81.1721,27.5662],[-81.1653,27.5706],[-81.1596,27.5728],[-81.1573,27.581],[-81.1544,27.5892],[-81.149,27.5969],[-81.1427,27.6027],[-81.1413,27.6137],[-81.1419,27.6253],[-81.1421,27.635],[-81.1424,27.6432],[-81.066,27.6421],[-80.8732,27.6425]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Okeechobee\",\"state\":\"FL\"}}]}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The proceedings of the 7th international conference on signal processing applications & technology: October 7-10, 1996, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"7th international conference on signal processing applications & technology","conferenceDate":"October 7-10, 1996","conferenceLocation":"Boston, MA","language":"English","publisher":"Miller Freeman","usgsCitation":"Placzek, G., and Lane, J., 1996, Application of adaptive of noise-canceling methods to ground-penetrating radar data, in The proceedings of the 7th international conference on signal processing applications & technology: October 7-10, 1996, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, Boston, MA, October 7-10, 1996, p. 958-962.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"958","endPage":"962","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Placzek, G.","contributorId":39533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Placzek","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":210076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70208274,"text":"70208274 - 1996 - A spatial decision support system for coastal management: A research project at the National Wetlands Research Center of the U.S. Geological Survey ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-03T06:42:09","indexId":"70208274","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-31T15:31:02","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A spatial decision support system for coastal management: A research project at the National Wetlands Research Center of the U.S. Geological Survey ","docAbstract":"Environmental resource managers and scientists are being challenged in developing strategies to manage complex coastal systems. From an ecological perspective, there are myriad dynamic, interrelated natural and human-induced processes that affect the health and stability of coastal systems. However, the problems associated with managing coastal resources usually transcend purely ecological factors when one considers societal needs and expectations from these resources. For example, at least nine Federal, State, and local government agencies, often with widely varying responsibilities or interests, are charged with managing environmental resources and/or regulating human activities within Louisiana's coastal systems; that number may be higher in other coastal areas of the United States. In many coastal systems, a declining resource base and environmental quality combined with an expanding human population exert increased demands on those systems. This results in a number of conflicting resource management and environmental impact assessment issues. The issues include determining the most cost-effective strategies for restoring degraded natural systems, local and regional planning for future urban and commercial development in or near sensitive coastal habitats, predicting impacts from acute and chronic pollutant discharges (oil spills, fecal coliform contamination) as well as from natural hazard damages to coastal systems, and optimal partitioning of coastal resources among competing user groups (e.g., commercial and recreational fishermen).
Solving such complex environmental resource management problems often involves a multidisciplinary approach, requires computerized analytical modeling abilities to manipulate large quantities of spatial-temporal data according to a defined set of objectives or constraints, and needs a mechanism to provide quick responses for dynamic resource and environmental issues. For this, a GIS-based multifunctional Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) is being developed at the National Wetlands Research Center of the U.S. Geological Survey (formerly the Southern Science Center of the US. Fish and Wildlife Service/National Biological Service).
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"GIS application for fisheries and coastal resources management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission","usgsCitation":"Ji, W., and Johnston, J.B., 1996, A spatial decision support system for coastal management: A research project at the National Wetlands Research Center of the U.S. Geological Survey , in GIS application for fisheries and coastal resources management, p. 91-94.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"94","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371888,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","city":"Lafayette ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.09014892578125,\n 30.151658557372997\n ],\n [\n -91.94320678710938,\n 30.151658557372997\n ],\n [\n -91.94320678710938,\n 30.294053515036044\n ],\n [\n -92.09014892578125,\n 30.294053515036044\n ],\n [\n -92.09014892578125,\n 30.151658557372997\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ji, Wei","contributorId":218024,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ji","given":"Wei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, James B.","contributorId":78039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70207570,"text":"70207570 - 1996 - Contaminants in the Gulf of Maine-What's here and should we worry? ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-24T13:39:12","indexId":"70207570","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-31T13:25:15","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Contaminants in the Gulf of Maine-What's here and should we worry? ","docAbstract":"The Gulf of Maine is a dynamic environment that has highly variable bottom type and localized depositional and transport processes. It is used and impacted by the people around it who hope to use the marine system for many purposes such as fishing, recreation, housing, sewage and dumped disposal, shipping, recreation, and preservation. In order to identify \"pollution\", which is defined as detrimental effects in the ecosystem that are attributable to human activity, the spatial and temporal distribution of contaminants in Gulf of Maine sediments are established using data that have been compiled into a Contaminated-Sediment Database for the Gulf of Maine. The potential for high contaminant levels in the sediments to induce toxic effects in the Gulf ecosystem is then assessed. In the Gulf of Maine, we have large urban centers that adversely affect the marine ecosystem well offshore through a variety of human activities. We are also in the fortunate position of still having many relatively pristine marine areas. It is unlikely that we will reach an endpoint of \"zero toxic effects\" in the ecosystem; however, much of the information needed to move closer to the shared goal of managing a sustainable ecosystem in the Gulf of Maine is currently available. Future success will rely on continued efforts to 1) identify rate-limiting physical and biological processes, 2) provide appropriate data synthesis and 3) involve the public.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The health of the Gulf of Maine ecosystem: Cumulative impacts of multiple stressors. Workshop report, RARGOM Report 96-1","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"The Health of the Gulf of Maine Ecosystem","conferenceDate":"September 18-20, 1995","conferenceLocation":"Hanover, NH","language":"English","publisher":"Gulf of Maine Association","usgsCitation":"Buchholtz ten Brink, M.R., Manheim, F.T., and Bothner, M., 1996, Contaminants in the Gulf of Maine-What's here and should we worry? , in The health of the Gulf of Maine ecosystem: Cumulative impacts of multiple stressors. Workshop report, RARGOM Report 96-1, Hanover, NH, September 18-20, 1995, p. 91-115.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"115","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.0650634765625,\n 41.89409955811395\n ],\n [\n -69.818115234375,\n 41.89409955811395\n ],\n [\n -69.818115234375,\n 43.854335770789575\n ],\n [\n -71.0650634765625,\n 43.854335770789575\n ],\n [\n -71.0650634765625,\n 41.89409955811395\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchholtz ten Brink, Marilyn R.","contributorId":88021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchholtz ten Brink","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":778560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manheim, Frank T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":20770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":778562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70203831,"text":"70203831 - 1996 - The Bumpus house sparrow data: A reanalysis using structural equation models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-14T12:53:33","indexId":"70203831","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-31T12:45:17","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1603,"text":"Evolutionary Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Bumpus house sparrow data: A reanalysis using structural equation models","docAbstract":"We analysed the data of H.C. Bumpus on the survival of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) using structural equation modelling techniques. Using data on seven morphological variables measured by Bumpus, we tested and confirmed a three-factor model that characterized physical attributes for general size, leg size and head size. Although males were physically larger than females, we found no difference between males and females in the physical attributes as measured by the three factors. Survival increased significantly with increasing general size and was unrelated to leg size and head size. Wing length, independent of its relationship to the general size factor, was also significantly related to survival. Higher survival was found among birds with short wings. Males had a higher survival compared to females. Their higher survival was mediated, to a lesser extent indirectly, through greater size and, to a greater extent directly, through effects of unknown origin. We favour the use of structural equation modelling methods in studies of selection because of their ability to test and confirm or disconfirm hypotheses related to selection events.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01237725","usgsCitation":"Pugesek, B.H., and Tomer, A., 1996, The Bumpus house sparrow data: A reanalysis using structural equation models: Evolutionary Ecology, v. 10, no. 4, p. 387-404, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01237725.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"404","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.471.3079","text":"External Repository"},{"id":364705,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pugesek, Bruce H.","contributorId":22668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pugesek","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tomer, Adrian","contributorId":10333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomer","given":"Adrian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70197487,"text":"70197487 - 1996 - Proceedings of the ocean drilling program: New Jersey continental slope and rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-07T11:25:53","indexId":"70197487","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Proceedings of the ocean drilling program: New Jersey continental slope and rise","docAbstract":"The Scientific Results volumes of the Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program contain specialty papers presenting the results of extensive research in various aspects of scientific ocean drilling. The authors of the papers published in this volume have enabled future investigators to gain ready access to the results of their research, and I acknowledge their contributions with thanks.
Each paper submitted to a Scientific Results volume undergoes rigorous peer review by at least two specialists in the author's research field. A paper typically goes through at least one revision cycle before being accepted for publication. We seek to maintain a peer-review system comparable to those of the most highly regarded journals in the geological sciences.
Each Scientific Results volume has an Editorial Review Board that is responsible for obtaining peer reviews of papers submitted to the volume. This board usually is made up of the two co-chief scientists for the cruise, the ODP staff scientist for the cruise, and one external specialist who is familiar with the geology of the area investigated. In addition, the volume has an ODP staff editor who assists with manuscripts that require English-language attention and who coordinates volume assembly.
Scientific Results volumes may also contain short reports of useful data that are not ready for final interpretation. Papers of this type, which may be found together in a section in the back of the volume, are called Data Reports and include no interpretation of results. Data Report papers are read carefully by at least one specialist to make sure they are well organized, comprehensive, and discuss the techniques or procedures thoroughly.
To acknowledge the contributions made by this volume's Editorial Review Board, the Board members are designated Editors of the volume and are so listed on the title page. Reviewers of manuscripts for this volume, whose efforts are so essential to the success of the publication, are listed in the front of the book, without attribution to a particular manuscript.
On behalf of the Ocean Drilling Program, I extend sincere appreciation to members of the Editorial Review Boards and to the reviewers for giving their generous contribution of time and effort, which ensures that only papers of high scientific quality are published in the Proceedings.
","conferenceTitle":"New Jersey continental slope and rise","conferenceDate":"May 25-July 24, 1993","conferenceLocation":"St. John's, Newfoundland","language":"English","publisher":"International Ocean Discovery Program","usgsCitation":"Mountain, G.S., Miller, K.G., Blum, P., Alm, P., Aubry, M., Burckle, L.H., Christensen, B.A., Compton, J., Damuth, J.E., Deconinck, J., De Verteuil, L., Fulthorpe, C.S., Gartner, S., Guerin, G., Hesselbo, S.P., Hoppie, B., Katz, M.E., Kotake, N., Lorenzo, J.M., McCracken, S., McHugh, C., Quayle, W.C., Saito, Y., Snyder, S.W., ten Kate, W.G., Urbat, M., Van Fossen, M.C., and Vecsei, A., 1996, Proceedings of the ocean drilling program: New Jersey continental slope and rise, v. 150, 493 p.","productDescription":"493 p.","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354817,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":354816,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/150_SR/150TOC.HTM"}],"volume":"150","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98e4eee4b0702d0e84928c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mountain, Gregory S.","contributorId":29154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mountain","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":737397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Kenneth G.","contributorId":14260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blum, Peter","contributorId":21857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alm, Per-Gunnar","contributorId":205463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alm","given":"Per-Gunnar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aubry, Marie-Pierre","contributorId":174332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aubry","given":"Marie-Pierre","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27421,"text":"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Rutgers University 610 Taylor Road Piscataway NJ 08854-8066, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":737401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Burckle, Lloyd H.","contributorId":44475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burckle","given":"Lloyd","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Christensen, Beth A.","contributorId":36523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Beth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Compton, J.","contributorId":200457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Compton","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Damuth, John E.","contributorId":11963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damuth","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Deconinck, Jean-Francois","contributorId":205464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deconinck","given":"Jean-Francois","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"De Verteuil, L.","contributorId":67242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Verteuil","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Fulthorpe, Craig S.","contributorId":205465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fulthorpe","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Gartner, Stefan","contributorId":205466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gartner","given":"Stefan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Guerin, Gilles","contributorId":77783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guerin","given":"Gilles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Hesselbo, Stephen P.","contributorId":205467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hesselbo","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Hoppie, Bryce","contributorId":205468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoppie","given":"Bryce","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Katz, Miriam E.","contributorId":77037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"Miriam","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Kotake, Nobuhiro","contributorId":205469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kotake","given":"Nobuhiro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Lorenzo, Juan Manuel","contributorId":205470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenzo","given":"Juan","email":"","middleInitial":"Manuel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"McCracken, Stuart","contributorId":205471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCracken","given":"Stuart","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"McHugh, Cecilia","contributorId":32783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"Cecilia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Quayle, Wendy C.","contributorId":205472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quayle","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Saito, Yoshiki","contributorId":205473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saito","given":"Yoshiki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Snyder, Scott W.","contributorId":101109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"ten Kate, Warner G.","contributorId":205474,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"ten Kate","given":"Warner","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Urbat, M.","contributorId":84528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urbat","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Van Fossen, Mickey C.","contributorId":205475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Fossen","given":"Mickey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Vecsei, Adam","contributorId":205476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vecsei","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28}]}} ,{"id":70187760,"text":"70187760 - 1996 - Concordance of seabird population parameters: Analytical methods and interpretation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T16:05:22","indexId":"70187760","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Concordance of seabird population parameters: Analytical methods and interpretation","docAbstract":"In an ecological context, concordance may be defined as the tendency for paired values of some parameter, such as the annual productivity of bird species, to show similar directions and magnitudes of deviation from the mean. Where concordance among populations is high, there is an implied similarity of the ecological factors affecting performance. Conversely, if populations behave discordantly, dissimilarity of underlying ecological factors is likely. In evaluating birds as indicators of the marine environment, the biologist typically is confronted with a three-dimensional array of observations (species, areas, and years) in which there are more missing values than filled cells. This frustrates attempts to analyze concordance using existing methods (e.g., Kendall's coefficient, or correlation combined with cluster analysis), which are either impossible to apply to incomplete data sets or potentially misleading when applied to incomplete data sets. I suggest an alternative method for analyzing concordance that makes maximal use of available data. For a given data set partitioned into the smallest units containing information about concordance, one computes an index of concordance using a regression approach and tests for significance using randomization methods. This procedure would seem to have wide application to ecological studies generally and to seabird monitoring in particular.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies of high-latitude seabirds: 4) Trophic relationships and energetics of endotherms in cold ocean systems (Occasional Papers of the Canadian Wildlife Service, no. 91)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Marine Birds and Mammals in Arctic Food Webs Symposium","conferenceDate":"April 1992","conferenceLocation":"St. John's, NL","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, CA","issn":"0576-6370","isbn":"0-662-24869-4","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., 1996, Concordance of seabird population parameters: Analytical methods and interpretation, in Studies of high-latitude seabirds: 4) Trophic relationships and energetics of endotherms in cold ocean systems (Occasional Papers of the Canadian Wildlife Service, no. 91), St. John's, NL, April 1992, p. 37-48.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"48","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341430,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://publications.gc.ca/pub?id=9.613236&sl=0"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59269bcfe4b0b7ff9fb489c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70193459,"text":"70193459 - 1996 - Quality control considerations for the determination of acid-volatile sulfide and simultaneously extracted metals in sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-01T14:15:49","indexId":"70193459","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quality control considerations for the determination of acid-volatile sulfide and simultaneously extracted metals in sediments","docAbstract":"The determination of acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metals (SEMs) in sediment by treatment with dilute HCl shows promise as a tool for predicting the potential for metal toxicity to sediment-dwelling organisms. Effective quality control measures must be developed if this method is to become a reliable procedure and to ensure comparability of data. However, establishing quality control measures that assess procedural errors for an operationally defined method can be problematic. For example, preextraction spikes added for assessing the accuracy of AVS and SEMs may be poorly recovered due to adsorption or reaction with sediment constituents. For a variety of sediment types, we found preextraction spikes of sulfide, mercury, and copper to be prone to variable recoveries for the AVS/SEM procedure; recoveries averaged 76.3% (SD, 20.9) for sulfide, 61.9% (39.6) for Hg, and 90.1% (12.7) for Cu. The average recovery was near 100% for preextraction spikes of sediments for Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn, and the recoveries of preextraction blank spikes for all analytes were consistently 95 to 105%. Binding of Cu or Hg with sulfides is sufficiently strong that 1 N hydrochloric acid will not necessarily keep the spiked metal in the dissolved state. This does not mean that the SEM procedure is invalid for these metals, only that the quality control of procedural error is difficult to assess. However, Hg will generally not be detected when measured as an SEM because of its tendency to adsorb onto sulfide minerals even at extremely low pH. Some reference sediments may be useful for assessing consistency of AVS determinations; we measured 5.97 ± 0.65 μmol/g in National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 1645 and 1.34 ± 0.14 μmol/g in NIST 2704 for repeated determinations conducted over the past 3 years. Apparently, some sediments may contain an oxidation-resistant sulfide component that can release low to moderate AVS when treated with dilute HCl.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620150309","usgsCitation":"Brumbaugh, W.G., and Arms, J.W., 1996, Quality control considerations for the determination of acid-volatile sulfide and simultaneously extracted metals in sediments: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 15, no. 3, p. 282-285, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620150309.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"282","endPage":"285","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348026,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fadd2ae4b0531197b13d0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arms, Jesse W. jarms@usgs.gov","contributorId":4533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arms","given":"Jesse","email":"jarms@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79000,"text":"wdrMT951 - 1996 - Water resources data, Montana, water year 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:00","indexId":"wdrMT951","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MT-95-1","title":"Water resources data, Montana, water year 1995","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrMT951","usgsCitation":"Shields, R., White, M.K., Ladd, P., and Chambers, C.L., 1996, Water resources data, Montana, water year 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MT-95-1, 521 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMT951.","productDescription":"521 p.","numberOfPages":"521","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f11ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shields, R.R.","contributorId":106916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shields","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, M. K.","contributorId":74395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ladd, P.B.","contributorId":71250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ladd","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chambers, C. L.","contributorId":48525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chambers","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5223234,"text":"5223234 - 1996 - Empirical Bayes estimation of proportions with application to cowbird parasitism rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T17:06:06.557683","indexId":"5223234","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T12:17:45","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Empirical Bayes estimation of proportions with application to cowbird parasitism rates","docAbstract":"Bayesian models provide a structure for studying collections of parameters such are considered in the investigation of communities, ecosystems, and landscapes. This structure allows for improved estimation of individual parameters by considering them in the context of a group of related parameters. Individual estimates are differntially adjusted toward in overall mean, with the magnitude of their adjustment based on their precision. Consequently, Bayesian estimation allows for a more reliable ranking of parameters and, in particular, a more credible identification of extreme values from a collection of estimates. In Bayesian models, individual parameters are regarded as values sampled from a specified probability distribution, called a prior. The requirements that the prior be known is often regarded as an unattractive feature of Bayesian analysis and may be the reason Bayesian analyses are not frequently applied in ecological studies. Empirical Bayes methods provide an alternative approach that incorporates the structural advantages of Bayesian models while requirng a less stringent specification of prior knowledge. Empirical Bayes methods require only that the prior be in a certain family of distributions, indexed by hyperparameters that can be estimated from the available data. This structur is of interest per se, in addition to its value in allowing for improved estimation of individual parameters; for example, hypothese regarding the existence of distinct subgroups in a collection of paramet ers can be considered under the empirical Bayes framework by allowing the hyperparameters to vary among subgroups. We describe the empirical Bayes approach in application to estimation of proportions, using data obtained in a community—wide study Brown—headed Cowbird paratism rates for illustration. Empirical Bayes estimates identify those species for which there is the greatest evidence of extreme parasitism rates. Subgroup analysis of our data on cowbird parasitism rates indicates that parasitisms rates for neotropical migrants as a group are no greater than those of resident/short—distance migrant in this forest community. Our data and analyses demonstrate that the parasitism rates for certain neotropical migrant species (Wood Thrush and Rose—breasted Grosbeak) are remarkably low while those for others (Ovenbird and Red—eyed Vireo) are remarkably high.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.2307/2265751","usgsCitation":"Link, W.A., and Hahn, D., 1996, Empirical Bayes estimation of proportions with application to cowbird parasitism rates: Ecology, v. 77, no. 8, p. 2528-2537, https://doi.org/10.2307/2265751.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2528","endPage":"2537","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196322,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db60561f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, William A. 0000-0002-9913-0256 wlink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":146920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"William","email":"wlink@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":338177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hahn, D. Caldwell 0000-0002-5242-2059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2059","contributorId":26055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahn","given":"D. Caldwell","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":338178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":67435,"text":"i2524B - 1996 - Sample data for the geologic map of the island of Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-10T07:47:05","indexId":"i2524B","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2524","chapter":"B","title":"Sample data for the geologic map of the island of Hawaii","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2524B","isbn":"0607860839","usgsCitation":"Wolfe, E.W., and Morris, J., 1996, Sample data for the geologic map of the island of Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2524, 1 map on 3 sheets; 157 x 140 cm., sheets 104 x 81 cm. or smaller, folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. +1 pamphlet (51 p. : map ; 28 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/i2524B.","productDescription":"1 map on 3 sheets; 157 x 140 cm., sheets 104 x 81 cm. or smaller, folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. +1 pamphlet (51 p. : map ; 28 cm.)","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":108313,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13034.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"13034"},{"id":91683,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2524b/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":91684,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2524b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":190426,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2524b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":91682,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2524b/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":91681,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2524b/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -156.08333333333334,18.8675 ], [ -156.08333333333334,20.284166666666668 ], [ -154.75,20.284166666666668 ], [ -154.75,18.8675 ], [ -156.08333333333334,18.8675 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fde94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfe, E. W. (compiler)","contributorId":8561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"E.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morris, Jean","contributorId":23635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25490,"text":"wri954046 - 1996 - Evaluation of agricultural best-management practices in the Conestoga River headwaters, Pennsylvania: Effects of nutrient management on water quality in the Little Conestoga Creek headwaters, 1983-89","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-31T21:40:02.949893","indexId":"wri954046","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4046","title":"Evaluation of agricultural best-management practices in the Conestoga River headwaters, Pennsylvania: Effects of nutrient management on water quality in the Little Conestoga Creek headwaters, 1983-89","docAbstract":"Water quality in the headwaters of the Little Conestoga Creek, Lancaster County, Pa., was investigated from April 1986 through September 1989 to determine possible effects of agricultural nutrient management on water quality. Nutrient management, an agricultural Best-Management Practice, was promoted in the 5.8-square-mile watershed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Clean Water Program. Nonpoint-source- agricultural contamination was evident in surface water and ground water in the watershed; the greatest contamination was in areas underlain by carbonate rock and with intensive row-crop and animal production. Initial implementation of nutrient management covered about 30 percent of applicable land and was concentrated in the Nutrient-Management Subbasin. By 1989, nutrient management covered about 45 percent of the entire Small Watershed, about 85 percent of the Nutrient- Management Subbasin, and less than 10 percent of the Nonnutrient-Management Subbasin. The number of farms implementing nutrient management increased from 14 in 1986 to 25 by 1989. Nutrient applications to cropland in the Nutrient- Management Subbasin decreased by an average of 35 percent after implementation. Comparison of base- flow surface-water quality from before and after implementation suggests that nutrient management was effective in slowing or reversing increases in concentrations of dissolved nitrate plus nitrite in the Nutrient-Management Subbasin. Although not statistically significant, the Mann-Whitney step-trend coefficient for the Nutrient-Management Subbasin was 0.8 milligram per liter, whereas trend coefficients for the Nonnutrient-Management Subbasin and the Small Watershed were 0.4 and 1.4 milligrams per liter, respectively, for the period of study. Analysis of covariance comparison of concurrent concentrations from the two sub- basins showed a significant decrease in concen- trations from the Nutrient-Management Subbasin compared to the Nonnutrient-Management Subbasin. The small, positive effect of nutrient management on base-flow water quality should be interpreted with caution. Lack of statistical significance for most tests, short-term variation in climate and agricultural activities, unknown ground-water flow rates, and insufficient agricultural-activity data for farms outside of the Nutrient-Management Subbasin were potential problems. A regression model relating nutrient applications to concen- trations of dissolved nitrate plus nitrite showed no significant explanatory relation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954046","usgsCitation":"Koerkle, E.H., Fishel, D.K., Brown, M.J., and Kostelnik, K.M., 1996, Evaluation of agricultural best-management practices in the Conestoga River headwaters, Pennsylvania: Effects of nutrient management on water quality in the Little Conestoga Creek headwaters, 1983-89: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4046, vi, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954046.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395190,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48162.htm"},{"id":124221,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4046/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54212,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4046/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Conestoga River headwaters","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.93038940429686,\n 40.13899044275822\n ],\n [\n -76.90532684326172,\n 40.13899044275822\n ],\n [\n -76.90532684326172,\n 40.16798656578528\n ],\n [\n -76.93038940429686,\n 40.16798656578528\n ],\n [\n -76.93038940429686,\n 40.13899044275822\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db6258b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koerkle, E. H.","contributorId":29853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koerkle","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fishel, D. K.","contributorId":72028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, M. J.","contributorId":106531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kostelnik, K. M.","contributorId":34951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kostelnik","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":22858,"text":"ofr96365 - 1996 - Micrometeorological data for Railroad Valley, Nye County, Nevada, summer 1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:59","indexId":"ofr96365","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-365","title":"Micrometeorological data for Railroad Valley, Nye County, Nevada, summer 1992","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96365","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"DeMeo, G.A., 1996, Micrometeorological data for Railroad Valley, Nye County, Nevada, summer 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-365, iv, 19 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96365.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0365/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52277,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0365/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62e44b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeMeo, G. A.","contributorId":96290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeMeo","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21875,"text":"ofr95151 - 1996 - Hydrologic and water-quality data for two small watersheds on Catoctin Mountain, North-Central Maryland, 1987-93","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T14:38:06","indexId":"ofr95151","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-151","title":"Hydrologic and water-quality data for two small watersheds on Catoctin Mountain, North-Central Maryland, 1987-93","docAbstract":"Hydrologic and water-quality data were collected from a precipitation-collection station and from two small watersheds on Catoctin Mountain, north-central Maryland, as part of investigations of acidic deposition and episodic acidification, and their effects on streamwater quality. Detailed descriptions of the site instrumentation in the watersheds, field data-collection techniques, and laboratory methods used to conduct the studies are included. Data that were collected on precipitation, throughfall, soil water, ground water, streamwater, and other surface and ground waters sampled during biannual synoptic surveys are given in tables. Data collected since October 1987 from one of the streamwater-quality monitoring sites and data collected since March 1988 from one of the ground-water quality monitoring sites are presented. Additional data collected since January 1987 from the precipitation station and data collected since June 1990 from all of the other water-quality monitoring sites are presented. Hydrologic data include tables of precipitation and throughfall quantities, streamflow, and synoptic measurements of ground-water levels. Selected hydrologic data are shown in graphs.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95151","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Rice, K.C., Kennedy, M.M., Carter, C.A., Anderson, R.T., and Bricker, O.P., 1996, Hydrologic and water-quality data for two small watersheds on Catoctin Mountain, North-Central Maryland, 1987-93: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-151, vii, 195 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95151.","productDescription":"vii, 195 p.","numberOfPages":"202","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0151/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51364,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0151/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Frederick","otherGeospatial":"Catoctin Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.51609802246094,\n 39.45899296747316\n ],\n [\n -77.51609802246094,\n 39.6347784949219\n ],\n [\n -77.32452392578125,\n 39.6347784949219\n ],\n [\n -77.32452392578125,\n 39.45899296747316\n ],\n [\n -77.51609802246094,\n 39.45899296747316\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6116f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":1998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":186080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, Margaret M.","contributorId":178170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, Christiana A.","contributorId":178192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Christiana","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Robert T.","contributorId":178193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bricker, Owen P.","contributorId":25142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":22854,"text":"ofr96345 - 1996 - Analysis of selected water-quality data for surface water in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, April-August 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:03","indexId":"ofr96345","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-345","title":"Analysis of selected water-quality data for surface water in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, April-August 1995","docAbstract":"Physical and chemical-related properties, concentrations of chemical constituents, which included major ions and nutrients, and concentrations of fecal-coliform bacteria were determined for 17 sites on 11 streams in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, during the period April-August 1995. The streams were sampled to assess the effects of different streamflow conditions on the concentrations of water-quality constituents. The streams included in the study were Tchefuncte River, Bogue Falaya, Abita River, Bayou Chinchouba, Bayou Castine, Cane Bayou, Bayou Lacombe, Bayou Liberty, Bayou Bonfouca, Bogue Chitto, and West Pearl River. Water-quality samples were collected under several hydrologic conditions. These conditions included a period of wet weather and sustained high river stages; a period of local storms several days apart and river stages typical of that situation; and a period of dry weather and low river stages. The concentrations of inorganic chemical constituents in water from the upstream sites generally were low. Concentrations from the downstream sites varied and were higher. Nutrient and fecal-coliform bacteria concentrations varied and indicated that degraded water-quality conditions that typically occur during storms persisted less than 1-3 days. In general, the larger the drainage basin, the longer it takes for the stream to recover. Fecal-coliform concen- trations reflected the effects of small, isolated storms in the area. Bayou Castine, sampled immediately after a storm, had a fecal-coliform concentration of 26,000 colonies per 100 milliliters. The stream was resampled 24 hours later, and the fecal-coliform concentration had decreased to 1,700 colonies per 100 milliliters. This is an indication of the rapid water-quality changes that typically occur in small streams.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96345","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Demcheck, D.K., 1996, Analysis of selected water-quality data for surface water in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, April-August 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-345, iii, 59 p. :ill. (some col.), col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96345.","productDescription":"iii, 59 p. :ill. (some col.), col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0345/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52273,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0345/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db680175","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demcheck, Dennis K. 0000-0003-2981-078X ddemchec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2981-078X","contributorId":3273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demcheck","given":"Dennis","email":"ddemchec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":189001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}