In 1996, at the request of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, a team of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists produced a strategic plan for the acquisition, improvement and modernization of multidisciplinary sets of data to support the growth of the Mauritanian minerals sector and to highlight the geological and mineral exploration potential of the country. In 1999, the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania implemented a program for the acquisition of the recommended basic geoscientific information, termed the first Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier (Project for Institutional Capacity Building in the Mining Sector, PRISM-I). As a result of the PRISM-I efforts, a great deal of new geological, geophysical, geochemical, remote sensing, and hydrological data became available for evaluation and synthesis. However, the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines recognized that additional work was required to extract the full benefit of the data before it could be of greatest use to the international community and of benefit to the Mauritanian minerals and development sector.
\nTo achieve this benefit, the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines implemented a second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier (PRISM-II) in 2006 to consolidate, synthesize, and interpret all of the existing data, create a new 1:1,000,000 scale geologic map, and define the mineral resource potential of the country. A consortium in which the USGS was the lead scientific agency carried out the majority of the PRISM-II work. In 2008, the USGS Mauritania Minerals Project was interrupted due to political changes in Mauritania. PRISM-II work resumed in 2011, and was completed in 2013 with the delivery of over 40 separate written reports and plates, an access file containing the Mauritanian National Mineral Deposits Database, and an interactive GIS containing all of the multi-disciplinary data and interpretive areas of mineral resource potential in Mauritania.
\nThis report contains the USGS results of the PRISM-II Mauritania Minerals Project and is presented in cooperation with the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania. The Report is composed of separate chapters consisting of multidisciplinary interpretive reports with accompanying plates on the geology, structure, geochronology, geophysics, hydrogeology, geochemistry, remote sensing (Landsat TM and ASTER), and SRTM and ASTER digital elevation models of Mauritania. The syntheses of these multidisciplinary data formed the basis for additional chapters containing interpretive reports on 12 different commodities and deposit types known to occur in Mauritania, accompanied by countrywide mineral resource potential maps of each commodity/deposit type. The commodities and deposit types represented include: (1) Ni, Cu, PGE, and Cr deposits hosted in ultramafic rocks; (2) orogenic, Carlin-like, and epithermal gold deposits; (3) polymetallic Pb-Zn-Cu vein deposits; (4) sediment-hosted Pb-Zn-Ag deposits of the SEDEX and Mississippi Valley-type; (5) sediment-hosted copper deposits; ( 6) volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits; (7) iron oxide copper-gold deposits; (8) uranium deposits; (9) Algoma-, Superior-, and oolitic-type iron deposits; (10) shoreline Ti-Zr placer deposits; (11) incompatible element deposits hosted in pegmatites, alkaline rocks, and carbonatites, and; (12) industrial mineral deposits. Additional chapters include the Mauritanian National Mineral Deposits Database are accompanied by an explanatory text and the Mauritania Minerals Project GIS that contains all of the interpretive layers created by USGS scientists. Raw data not in the public domain may be obtained from the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines in Nouakchott, Mauritania.
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At the southern country boundary, the Senegal River serves as both a source and sink of fresh groundwater to the Continental Terminal and Taoudeni basins. Using a geographical information system, thirteen hydrogeologic units are identified based on lateral extent and distinct hydraulic properties for future groundwater model development. Combining this information with drilling productivity, groundwaterquality, and geophysical interpretations (fracturing and absence of subsurface dikes) three potential water-resource development targets were identified: sedimentary rocks of the Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Quaternary Periods; sedimentary rocks of Cambrian and Ordovician Periods; and sedimentary rocks of Neoproterozoic age.
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Forest composition in California in the last century has also shifted toward increased dominance by oaks relative to pines, a pattern consistent with warming and increased water stress, and also with paleohistoric shifts in vegetation in California over the last 150,000 y.","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1410186112","usgsCitation":"McIntyre, P.J., Thorne, J.H., Dolanc, C.R., Flint, A.L., Flint, L.E., Kelly, M., and Ackerly, D.D., 2015, Twentieth-century shifts in forest structure in California: Denser forests, smaller trees, and increased dominance of oaks: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 112, no. 5, p. 1458-1463, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1410186112.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1458","endPage":"1463","ipdsId":"IP-059537","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":671199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kelly, Maggi","contributorId":14275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Maggi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ackerly, David D.","contributorId":182417,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ackerly","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70128767,"text":"70128767 - 2015 - Correspondence of biological condition models of California streams at statewide and regional scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-12T09:41:38","indexId":"70128767","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correspondence of biological condition models of California streams at statewide and regional scales","docAbstract":"We used boosted regression trees (BRT) to model stream biological condition as measured by benthic macroinvertebrate taxonomic completeness, the ratio of observed to expected (O/E) taxa. Models were developed with and without exclusion of rare taxa at a site. BRT models are robust, requiring few assumptions compared with traditional modeling techniques such as multiple linear regression. The BRT models were constructed to provide baseline support to stressor delineation by identifying natural physiographic and human land use gradients affecting stream biological condition statewide and for eight ecological regions within the state, as part of the development of numerical biological objectives for California’s wadeable streams. Regions were defined on the basis of ecological, hydrologic, and jurisdictional factors and roughly corresponded with ecoregions. Physiographic and land use variables were derived from geographic information system coverages. The model for the entire state (n = 1,386) identified a composite measure of anthropogenic disturbance (the sum of urban, agricultural, and unmanaged roadside vegetation land cover) within the local watershed as the most important variable, explaining 56 % of the variance in O/E values. Models for individual regions explained between 51 and 84 % of the variance in O/E values. Measures of human disturbance were important in the three coastal regions. In the South Coast and Coastal Chaparral, local watershed measures of urbanization were the most important variables related to biological condition, while in the North Coast the composite measure of human disturbance at the watershed scale was most important. In the two mountain regions, natural gradients were most important, including slope, precipitation, and temperature. The remaining three regions had relatively small sample sizes (n ≤ 75 sites) and had models that gave mixed results. Understanding the spatial scale at which land use and land cover affect taxonomic completeness is imperative for sound management. Our results suggest that invertebrate taxonomic completeness is affected by human disturbance at the statewide and regional levels, with some differences among regions in the importance of natural gradients and types of human disturbance. The construction and application of models similar to the ones presented here could be useful in the planning and prioritization of actions for protection and conservation of biodiversity in California streams.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-014-4086-x","usgsCitation":"May, J.T., Brown, L.R., Rehn, A.C., Waite, I.R., Ode, P., Mazor, R., and Schiff, K., 2015, Correspondence of biological condition models of California streams at statewide and regional scales: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 187, Article 4086; 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-4086-x.","productDescription":"Article 4086; 21 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051366","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472437,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-4086-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325078,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hydrodynamic modeling to evaluate the influence of constructed side-channel habitat on larval drift of pallid strugeon in the Lower Missouri River","docAbstract":"Larval drift is a critical phase of ontogeny for many species of lotic fishes. Downstream advection and dispersion of drifting larvae or eggs is controlled by the complex interaction of flow regime, channel planform, local channel morphology, and the resulting hydraulic gradients. In many regulated rivers, channel engineering and perturbations to the flow regime may disrupt natural dispersal processes and prevent successful recruitment of native fishes. Here, we explore the influence of flow regime and channel morphology on the downstream transport, dispersion, and retention of free embryos of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhychus albus), an endangered species endemic to the Mississippi River basin and the focus of significant conservation effort on the Missouri River. The transition from drifting free embryo to exogenously feeding larvae has been identified as a potential life stage bottleneck for the pallid sturgeon. We use a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model to evaluate the sensitivity of drift and dispersion to in-channel navigation structures, constructed shallow-water habitat, and flood hydrology. In the simulations, larvae were treated as passively drifting particles and calculated retention times were used as an index of potential for settling and retention within specific environments. During low flows, retention of larvae is promoted by shallow, low velocity conditions provided by constructed side-channel habitats. At higher flows, retention is driven by overbank flows that inundate the floodplain. Based on insights gained from the analysis of field data and modeling outputs, we consider the effects of flow regime modifications or channel re-engineering on the distribution and retention of free embryos within the Lower Missouri River.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the joint federal interagency conference 2015: Proceedings of papers of the 5th federal interagency hydrologic modeling conference and the 10th federal interagency sedimentation conference (Proceedings of the 3rd joint federal interagency conference on sedimentation and hydrologic modeling)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceDate":"April 19-23, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Advisory Committee on Water Information","usgsCitation":"Erwin, S.O., and Jacobson, R.B., 2015, Hydrodynamic modeling to evaluate the influence of constructed side-channel habitat on larval drift of pallid strugeon in the Lower Missouri River, in Proceedings of the joint federal interagency conference 2015: Proceedings of papers of the 5th federal interagency hydrologic modeling conference and the 10th federal interagency sedimentation conference (Proceedings of the 3rd joint federal interagency conference on sedimentation and hydrologic modeling), Reno, NV, April 19-23, 2015, p. 751-760.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"751","endPage":"760","ipdsId":"IP-061797","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":302264,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://acwi.gov/sos/pubs/3rdJFIC/index.html"},{"id":341351,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lower Missouri River","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fcbe4b0a7fdb43ddefc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, Susannah O. 0000-0002-2799-0118 serwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-0118","contributorId":5183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"Susannah","email":"serwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70146301,"text":"70146301 - 2015 - Completion of the 2011 National Land Cover Database for the conterminous United States – Representing a decade of land cover change information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-10T17:39:44.675385","indexId":"70146301","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Completion of the 2011 National Land Cover Database for the conterminous United States – Representing a decade of land cover change information","docAbstract":"The National Land Cover Database (NLCD) provides nationwide data on land cover and land cover change at the native 30-m spatial resolution of the Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM). The database is designed to provide five-year cyclical updating of United States land cover and associated changes. The recent release of NLCD 2011 products now represents a decade of consistently produced land cover and impervious surface for the Nation across three periods: 2001, 2006, and 2011 (Homer et al., 2007; Fry et al., 2011). Tree canopy cover has also been produced for 2011 (Coluston et al., 2012; Coluston et al., 2013). With the release of NLCD 2011, the database provides the ability to move beyond simple change detection to monitoring and trend assessments. NLCD 2011 represents the latest evolution of NLCD products, continuing its focus on consistency, production, efficiency, and product accuracy. NLCD products are designed for widespread application in biology, climate, education, land management, hydrology, environmental planning, risk and disease analysis, telecommunications and visualization, and are available for no cost at http://www.mrlc.gov. NLCD is produced by a Federal agency consortium called the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics Consortium (MRLC) (Wickham et al., 2014). In the consortium arrangement, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) leads NLCD land cover and imperviousness production for the bulk of the Nation; the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) completes NLCD land cover for the conterminous U.S. (CONUS) coastal zones; and the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) designs and produces the NLCD tree canopy cover product. Other MRLC partners collaborate through resource or data contribution to ensure NLCD products meet their respective program needs (Wickham et al., 2014).
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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Coulston, John","contributorId":140257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coulston","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7134,"text":"USFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Herold, Nathaniel","contributorId":140258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herold","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12641,"text":"NOAA NMFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wickham, James","contributorId":140259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wickham","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":12657,"text":"EPA NEIC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Megown, Kevin","contributorId":140260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Megown","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7134,"text":"USFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70193151,"text":"70193151 - 2015 - Observational changes to the natural flow regime in Lee Creek in relation to altered precipitation patterns and its implication for fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T12:46:10","indexId":"70193151","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3894,"text":"Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observational changes to the natural flow regime in Lee Creek in relation to altered precipitation patterns and its implication for fishes","docAbstract":"The natural flow regime is important for structuring streams and their resident ichthyofauna and alterations to this regime can have cascading consequences. We sought to determine if changes in hydrology could be attributed to changes in precipitation in a minimally altered watershed (Lee Creek). The stream flow regime was analyzed using Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) software, and data from a nearby climate station were used to summarize concurrent precipitation patterns. We discovered that Lee Creek hydrology had become flashier (i.e., increased frequency of extreme events of shorter duration) since 1992 coincident with changes in precipitation patterns. Specifically, our results show fewer but more intense rain events within the Lee Creek watershed. Our research provides evidence that climate-induced changes to the natural flow regime are currently underway and additional research on its effects on the fish community is warranted.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oklahoma Academy of Science","usgsCitation":"Gatlin, M.R., Long, J.M., and Turton, D.J., 2015, Observational changes to the natural flow regime in Lee Creek in relation to altered precipitation patterns and its implication for fishes: Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science, v. 95, p. 135-146.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"146","ipdsId":"IP-063504","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349202,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Lee Creek watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.62661743164062,\n 35.464025575544674\n ],\n [\n -94.28123474121094,\n 35.464025575544674\n ],\n [\n -94.28123474121094,\n 35.74874138089811\n ],\n [\n -94.62661743164062,\n 35.74874138089811\n ],\n [\n -94.62661743164062,\n 35.464025575544674\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"95","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fec8e4b06e28e9c2535b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gatlin, Michael R.","contributorId":141324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gatlin","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turton, Donald J.","contributorId":200683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turton","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193059,"text":"70193059 - 2015 - Origins and bioavailability of dissolved organic matter in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T16:29:30","indexId":"70193059","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origins and bioavailability of dissolved organic matter in groundwater","docAbstract":"Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in groundwater influences water quality and fuels microbial metabolism, but its origins, bioavailability and chemical composition are poorly understood. The origins and concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and bioavailable DOM were monitored during a long-term (2-year) study of groundwater in a fractured-rock aquifer in the Carolina slate belt. Surface precipitation was significantly correlated with groundwater concentrations of DOC, bioavailable DOM and chromophoric DOM, indicating strong hydrological connections between surface and ground waters. The physicochemical and biological processes shaping the concentrations and compositions of DOM during its passage through the soil column to the saturated zone are conceptualized in the regional chromatography model. The model provides a framework for linking hydrology with the processes affecting the transformation, remineralization and microbial production of DOM during passage through the soil column. Lignin-derived phenols were relatively depleted in groundwater DOM indicating substantial removal in the unsaturated zone, and optical properties of chromophoric DOM indicated lower molecular weight DOM in groundwater relative to surface water. The prevalence of glycine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and d-enantiomers of amino acids indicated the DOM was highly diagenetically altered. Bioassay experiments were used to establish DOC-normalized yields of amino acids as molecular indicators of DOM bioavailability in groundwater. A relatively small fraction (8 ± 4 %) of DOC in groundwater was bioavailable. The relatively high yields of specific d-enantiomers of amino acids indicated a substantial fraction (15–34 %) of groundwater DOC was of bacterial origin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-014-0029-4","usgsCitation":"Shen, Y., Chapelle, F.H., Strom, E.W., and Benner, R., 2015, Origins and bioavailability of dissolved organic matter in groundwater: Biogeochemistry, v. 122, no. 1, p. 61-78, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-014-0029-4.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"78","ipdsId":"IP-055922","costCenters":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-014-0029-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349214,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fec8e4b06e28e9c25361","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shen, Yuan","contributorId":176364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shen","given":"Yuan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strom, Eric W. ewstrom@usgs.gov","contributorId":337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"Eric","email":"ewstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Benner, Ronald","contributorId":57380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benner","given":"Ronald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187172,"text":"70187172 - 2015 - Drought monitoring and assessment: Remote sensing and modeling approaches for the Famine Early Warning Systems Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T15:44:02","indexId":"70187172","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Drought monitoring and assessment: Remote sensing and modeling approaches for the Famine Early Warning Systems Network","docAbstract":"Drought monitoring is an essential component of drought risk management. It is usually carried out using drought indices/indicators that are continuous functions of rainfall and other hydrometeorological variables. This chapter presents a few examples of how remote sensing and hydrologic modeling techniques are being used to generate a suite of drought monitoring indicators at dekadal (10-day), monthly, seasonal, and annual time scales for several selected regions around the world. Satellite-based rainfall estimates are being used to produce drought indicators such as standardized precipitation index, dryness indicators, and start of season analysis. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index is being used to monitor vegetation condition. Several satellite data products are combined using agrohydrologic models to produce multiple short- and long-term indicators of droughts. All the data sets are being produced and updated in near-real time to provide information about the onset, progression, extent, and intensity of drought conditions. The data and products produced are available for download from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) data portal at http://earlywarning.usgs.gov. The availability of timely information and products support the decision-making processes in drought-related hazard assessment, monitoring, and management with the FEWS NET. The drought-hazard monitoring approach perfected by the U.S. Geological Survey for FEWS NET through the integration of satellite data and hydrologic modeling can form the basis for similar decision support systems. Such systems can operationally produce reliable and useful regional information that is relevant for local, district-level decision making.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-394846-5.00009-6","usgsCitation":"Senay, G., Velpuri, N.M., Bohms, S., Budde, M., Young, C., Rowland, J., and Verdin, J., 2015, Drought monitoring and assessment: Remote sensing and modeling approaches for the Famine Early Warning Systems Network, p. 233-262, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-394846-5.00009-6.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"262","ipdsId":"IP-055782","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340409,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59006064e4b0e85db3a5dde3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":166812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Velpuri, Naga Manohar 0000-0002-6370-1926 nvelpuri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-1926","contributorId":166813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velpuri","given":"Naga","email":"nvelpuri@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Manohar","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohms, Stefanie 0000-0002-2979-4655 sbohms@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-4655","contributorId":3148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohms","given":"Stefanie","email":"sbohms@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Budde, Michael 0000-0002-9098-2751 mbudde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-2751","contributorId":166756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budde","given":"Michael","email":"mbudde@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Young, Claudia 0000-0002-0859-7206 claudia.young.ctr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0859-7206","contributorId":191382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Claudia","email":"claudia.young.ctr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":692919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rowland, James 0000-0003-4837-3511 rowland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4837-3511","contributorId":145846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"James","email":"rowland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Verdin, James 0000-0003-0238-9657 verdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":145830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"James","email":"verdin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70137774,"text":"70137774 - 2015 - Discrete-storm water-table fluctuation method to estimate episodic recharge.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-09T10:35:00","indexId":"70137774","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discrete-storm water-table fluctuation method to estimate episodic recharge.","docAbstract":"We have developed a method to identify and quantify recharge episodes, along with their associated infiltration-related inputs, by a consistent, systematic procedure. Our algorithm partitions a time series of water levels into discrete recharge episodes and intervals of no episodic recharge. It correlates each recharge episode with a specific interval of rainfall, so storm characteristics such as intensity and duration can be associated with the amount of recharge that results. To be useful in humid climates, the algorithm evaluates the separability of events, so that those whose recharge cannot be associated with a single storm can be appropriately lumped together. Elements of this method that are subject to subjectivity in the application of hydrologic judgment are values of lag time, fluctuation tolerance, and master recession parameters. Because these are determined once for a given site, they do not contribute subjective influences affecting episode-to-episode comparisons. By centralizing the elements requiring scientific judgment, our method facilitates such comparisons by keeping the most subjective elements openly apparent, making it easy to maintain consistency. If applied to a period of data long enough to include recharge episodes with broadly diverse characteristics, the method has value for predicting how climatic alterations in the distribution of storm intensities and seasonal duration may affect recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12177","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J.R., Horowittz, C., and Mitchell, L., 2015, Discrete-storm water-table fluctuation method to estimate episodic recharge.: Groundwater, v. 53, no. 2, p. 282-292, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12177.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"282","endPage":"292","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046105","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297223,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a6ce4b08de9379b3050","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gwat.12177","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12177","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Nimmo John R., Horowitz Charles, Mitchell Lara","journalName":"Groundwater","publicationDate":"3/3/2014","auditedOn":"3/4/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horowittz, Charles","contributorId":138611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horowittz","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12465,"text":"University of Pittsburgh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, Lara","contributorId":138612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Lara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12466,"text":"Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70156216,"text":"70156216 - 2015 - Soil ecology of a rock outcrop ecosystem: Abiotic stresses, soil respiration, and microbial community profiles in limestone cedar glades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T11:25:30","indexId":"70156216","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Soil ecology of a rock outcrop ecosystem: Abiotic stresses, soil respiration, and microbial community profiles in limestone cedar glades","docAbstract":"Limestone cedar glades are a type of rock outcrop ecosystem characterized by shallow soil and extreme hydrologic conditions—seasonally ranging from xeric to saturated—that support a number of plant species of conservation concern. Although a rich botanical literature exists on cedar glades, soil biochemical processes and the ecology of soil microbial communities in limestone cedar glades have largely been ignored. This investigation documents the abiotic stress regime of this ecosystem (shallow soil, extreme hydrologic fluctuations and seasonally high soil surface temperatures) as well as soil physical and chemical characteristics, and relates both types of information to ecological structures and functions including vegetation, soil respiration, and soil microbial community metabolic profiles and diversity. Methods used in this investigation include field observations and measurements of soil physical and chemical properties and processes, laboratory analyses, and microbiological assays of soil samples.\nStress factors quantified by this research include shallow soil (depth to bedrock ranging from 2.4 to 22.6 cm), volumetric soil water content levels seasonally ranging from xeric (below 5%) to saturated (above 50%), and seasonally extreme ground-surface temperatures (above 48°C). Findings from this research indicate that spatial and temporal heterogeneity exists in limestone cedar glades in terms of abiotic stress factors and soil physical and chemical properties. Several such soil properties (e.g. soil depth, organic matter levels, pH, and particle size distribution) are spatially correlated. These soil properties were statistically related to ecological structures and functions such as vegetation patterns, soil respiration, the density of culturable heterotrophic microbes in soil and metabolic diversity of soil microbial community profiles. In general, zones within limestone cedar glades that had relatively shallow soil, alkaline pH, low levels of organic matter and high levels of silt also tended to have depressed rates of soil respiration and reduced densities and metabolic diversity of culturable heterotrophic soil microbes. Additionally, seasonally-relevant stress factors including soil water content and temperatures at or near the soil surface were related to the same set of ecological structures and functions.","language":"English","publisher":"Tennessee State University","usgsCitation":"Cartwright, J.M., and Advised by Dzantor, E.K., 2015, Soil ecology of a rock outcrop ecosystem: Abiotic stresses, soil respiration, and microbial community profiles in limestone cedar glades, 224 p.","productDescription":"224 p.","ipdsId":"IP-054403","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":306724,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalscholarship.tnstate.edu/dissertations/AAI3623008/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Nashville Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.07763671875,\n 36.359374956015856\n ],\n [\n -87.066650390625,\n 36.155617833818525\n ],\n [\n -86.781005859375,\n 35.92464453144099\n ],\n [\n -86.98974609375,\n 35.71083783530009\n ],\n [\n -87.16552734375,\n 35.567980458012094\n ],\n [\n -87.0556640625,\n 35.35321610123823\n ],\n [\n -86.85791015625,\n 35.36217605914681\n ],\n [\n -86.71508789062499,\n 35.200744801724014\n ],\n [\n -86.37451171875,\n 35.15584570226544\n ],\n [\n -86.165771484375,\n 35.137879119634185\n ],\n [\n -85.95703125,\n 35.21869749632885\n ],\n [\n -85.946044921875,\n 35.39800594715108\n ],\n [\n -85.95703125,\n 35.62158189955968\n ],\n [\n -85.75927734375,\n 35.82672127366604\n ],\n [\n -85.7427978515625,\n 36.08018188118015\n ],\n [\n -85.7373046875,\n 36.2265501474709\n ],\n [\n -85.6109619140625,\n 36.34167804918315\n ],\n [\n -85.62744140625,\n 36.45221769643571\n ],\n [\n -85.95703125,\n 36.43896124085945\n ],\n [\n -86.396484375,\n 36.54494944148322\n ],\n [\n -86.912841796875,\n 36.500805317604794\n ],\n [\n -87.07763671875,\n 36.359374956015856\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fcce4b0a7fdb43ddefe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cartwright, Jennifer M. 0000-0003-0851-8456 jmcart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-8456","contributorId":5386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cartwright","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmcart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Advised by Dzantor, E. 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Trench infiltration is a promising alternative technique for increasing recharge and minimizing evaporation. This paper uses a variably saturated flow model to further investigate the relative importance of the following variables on rates of trench infiltration to unconfined aquifers: saturated hydraulic conductivity, trench spacing and dimensions, initial water-table depth, alternate wet/dry periods, and number of parallel trenches. Modeling results showed (1) increased infiltration with higher hydraulic conductivity, deeper initial water tables, and larger spacing between parallel trenches, (2) deeper or wider trenches do not substantially increase infiltration, (3) alternating wet/dry periods result in less overall infiltration than keeping the trenches continuously full, and (4) larger numbers of parallel trenches within a fixed area increases infiltration but with a diminishing effect as trench spacing becomes tighter. An empirical equation for estimating expected trench infiltration rates as a function of hydraulic conductivity and initial water-table depth was derived and can be used for evaluating feasibility of trench infiltration in other hydrogeologic settings
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10413","usgsCitation":"Heilweil, V.M., Benoit, J., and Healy, R.W., 2015, Variably-saturated groundwater modeling for optimizing managed aquifer recharge using trench infiltration: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 3, p. 310-319, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10413.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"310","endPage":"319","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053219","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296673,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.10400390625,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -110.98388671874999,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -111.02783203125,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -108.91845703124999,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -109.0283203125,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -113.99414062499999,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -114.10400390625,\n 42.01665183556825\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54900632e4b020a14785d24c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heilweil, Victor M. heilweil@usgs.gov","contributorId":837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilweil","given":"Victor","email":"heilweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benoit, Jerome","contributorId":128458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benoit","given":"Jerome","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7174,"text":"École Nationale du Genie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement de Strasbourg","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":527153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70134234,"text":"70134234 - 2015 - Pesticide concentrations in frog tissue and wetland habitats in alandscape dominated by agriculture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:43:20","indexId":"70134234","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-24T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticide concentrations in frog tissue and wetland habitats in alandscape dominated by agriculture","docAbstract":"Habitat loss and exposure to pesticides are likely primary factors contributing to amphibian decline in agricultural landscapes. Conservation efforts have attempted to restore wetlands lost through landscape modifications to reduce contaminant loads in surface waters and providing quality habitat to wildlife. The benefits of this increased wetland area, perhaps especially for amphibians, may be negated if habitat quality is insufficient to support persistent populations. We examined the presence of pesticides and nutrients in water and sediment as indicators of habitat quality and assessed the bioaccumulation of pesticides in the tissue of two native amphibian species Pseudacris maculata (chorus frogs) and Lithobates pipiens (leopard frogs) at six wetlands (3 restored and 3 reference) in Iowa, USA. Restored wetlands are positioned on the landscape to receive subsurface tile drainage water while reference wetlands receive water from overland run-off and shallow groundwater sources. Concentrations of the pesticides frequently detected in water and sediment samples were not different between wetland types. The median concentration of atrazine in surface water was 0.2 μg/L. Reproductive abnormalities in leopard frogs have been observed in other studies at these concentrations. Nutrient concentrations were higher in the restored wetlands but lower than concentrations thought lethal to frogs. Complex mixtures of pesticides including up to 8 fungicides, some previously unreported in tissue, were detected with concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 1500 μg/kg wet weight. No significant differences in pesticide concentrations were observed between species, although concentrations tended to be higher in leopard frogs compared to chorus frogs, possibly because of differences in life histories. Our results provide information on habitat quality in restored wetlands that will assist state and federal agencies, landowners, and resource managers in identifying and implementing conservation and management actions for these and similar wetlands in agriculturally dominated landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.114","usgsCitation":"Smalling, K., Reeves, R., Muths, E.L., Vandever, M.W., Battaglin, W.A., Hladik, M., and Pierce, C.L., 2015, Pesticide concentrations in frog tissue and wetland habitats in alandscape dominated by agriculture: Science of the Total Environment, v. 502, p. 80-90, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.114.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"90","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056800","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":350,"text":"Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/99","text":"External Repository"},{"id":296274,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.50439453125,\n 41.85115059465234\n ],\n [\n -94.50439453125,\n 42.28950073090457\n ],\n [\n -92.8289794921875,\n 42.28950073090457\n ],\n [\n -92.8289794921875,\n 41.85115059465234\n ],\n [\n -94.50439453125,\n 41.85115059465234\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"502","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ae02ae4b0da0a54dbb611","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smalling, Kelly L. ksmall@usgs.gov","contributorId":1370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly L.","email":"ksmall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reeves, Rebecca","contributorId":127566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reeves","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132 muthse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":1260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","email":"muthse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vandever, Mark W. vandeverm@usgs.gov","contributorId":3004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandever","given":"Mark","email":"vandeverm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hladik, Michelle 0000-0002-0891-2712 mhladik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"Michelle","email":"mhladik@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pierce, Clay L. cpierce@usgs.gov","contributorId":525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Clay","email":"cpierce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":350,"text":"Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70131490,"text":"70131490 - 2015 - Assessing the impacts of climate and land use and land cover change on the freshwater availability in the Brahmaputra River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T10:09:19","indexId":"70131490","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-19T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"subseriesTitle":"Regional Studies","title":"Assessing the impacts of climate and land use and land cover change on the freshwater availability in the Brahmaputra River basin","docAbstract":"Study Region: Brahmaputra River basin in South Asia.
\n\n
Study Focus: The Soil and Water Assessment Tool was used to evaluate sensitivities and patterns in freshwater availability due to projected climate and land use changes in the Brahmaputra basin. The daily observed discharge at Bahadurabad station in Bangladesh was used to calibrate and validate the model and analyze uncertainties with a sequential uncertainty fitting algorithm. The sensitivities and impacts of projected climate and land use changes on basin hydrological components were simulated for the A1B and A2 scenarios and analyzed relative to a baseline scenario of 1988–2004.
\n\n
New hydrological insights for the region: Basin average annual ET was found to be sensitive to changes in CO2 concentration and temperature, while total water yield, streamflow, and groundwater recharge were sensitive to changes in precipitation. The basin hydrological components were predicted to increase with seasonal variability in response to climate and land use change scenarios. Strong increasing trends were predicted for total water yield, streamflow, and groundwater recharge, indicating exacerbation of flooding potential during August–October, but strong decreasing trends were predicted, indicating exacerbation of drought potential during May–July of the 21st century. The model has potential to facilitate strategic decision making through scenario generation integrating climate change adaptation and hazard mitigation policies to ensure optimized allocation of water resources under a variable and changing climate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.003","usgsCitation":"Pervez, M., and Henebry, G.M., 2015, Assessing the impacts of climate and land use and land cover change on the freshwater availability in the Brahmaputra River basin: Journal of Hydrology, v. 3, p. 285-311, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.003.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"311","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056504","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296194,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Bangladesh","otherGeospatial":"Brahmaputra River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 81.8701171875,\n 20.097206227083888\n ],\n [\n 81.8701171875,\n 32.175612478499325\n ],\n [\n 104.4580078125,\n 32.175612478499325\n ],\n [\n 104.4580078125,\n 20.097206227083888\n ],\n [\n 81.8701171875,\n 20.097206227083888\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546db11ae4b0fc7976bf1e1d","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.003","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.09.003","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Pervez Md Shahriar, Henebry Geoffrey M.","journalName":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","publicationDate":"3/2015","auditedOn":"11/26/2014","publiclyAccessibleDate":"9/27/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pervez, Md Shahriar 0000-0003-3417-1871 spervez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-1871","contributorId":3099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pervez","given":"Md Shahriar","email":"spervez@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":521265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henebry, Geoffrey M.","contributorId":124528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henebry","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5087,"text":"Geographic Information Science Center of Excellence (GIScCE), South Dakota State University, Brookings, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":521266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70137252,"text":"70137252 - 2015 - Vegetation controls on weathering intensity during the last deglacial transition in southeast Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T14:03:03","indexId":"70137252","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation controls on weathering intensity during the last deglacial transition in southeast Africa","docAbstract":"Tropical climate is rapidly changing, but the effects of these changes on the geosphere are unknown, despite a likelihood of climatically-induced changes on weathering and erosion. The lack of long, continuous paleo-records prevents an examination of terrestrial responses to climate change with sufficient detail to answer questions about how systems behaved in the past and may alter in the future. We use high-resolution records of pollen, clay mineralogy, and particle size from a drill core from Lake Malawi, southeast Africa, to examine atmosphere-biosphere-geosphere interactions during the last deglaciation (~18–9 ka), a period of dramatic temperature and hydrologic changes. The results demonstrate that climatic controls on Lake Malawi vegetation are critically important to weathering processes and erosion patterns during the deglaciation. At 18 ka, afromontane forests dominated but were progressively replaced by tropical seasonal forest, as summer rainfall increased. Despite indication of decreased rainfall, drought-intolerant forest persisted through the Younger Dryas (YD) resulting from a shorter dry season. Following the YD, an intensified summer monsoon and increased rainfall seasonality were coeval with forest decline and expansion of drought-tolerant miombo woodland. Clay minerals closely track the vegetation record, with high ratios of kaolinite to smectite (K/S) indicating heavy leaching when forest predominates, despite variable rainfall. In the early Holocene, when rainfall and temperature increased (effective moisture remained low), open woodlands expansion resulted in decreased K/S, suggesting a reduction in chemical weathering intensity. Terrigenous sediment mass accumulation rates also increased, suggesting critical linkages among open vegetation and erosion during intervals of enhanced summer rainfall. This study shows a strong, direct influence of vegetation composition on weathering intensity in the tropics. As climate change will likely impact this interplay between the biosphere and geosphere, tropical landscape change could lead to deleterious effects on soil and water quality in regions with little infrastructure for mitigation.
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Using projections of climate scenarios for the year 2060, we evaluated how several possible futures could affect wildlife populations (wading birds, fish, alligators, native apple snails, amphibians, threatened and invasive species) across the Everglades landscape and inform planning already underway. We used data collected from prior research and monitoring to parameterize our wildlife population models. Hydrologic data were simulated using a spatially explicit, regional-scale model. Our scenario evaluations show that expected changes in temperature, precipitation, and sea level could significantly alter important ecological functions. All of our wildlife indicators were negatively affected by scenarios with less rainfall and more evapotranspiration. Under such scenarios, habitat suitability was substantially reduced for iconic animals such as wading birds and alligators. Conversely, the increased rainfall scenario benefited aquatic prey productivity and apex predators. Cascading impacts on non-native species is speculative, but increasing temperatures could increase the time between cold events that currently limit expansion and abundance of non-native fishes, amphibians, and reptiles with natural ranges in the tropics. This scenario planning framework underscored the benefits of proceeding with Everglades restoration plans that capture and clean more freshwater with the potential to mitigate rainfall loss and postpone impacts of sea level rise.
","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Management","doi":"10.1007/s00267-014-0397-5","usgsCitation":"Catano, C.P., Romañach, S., Beerens, J., Pearlstine, L.G., Brandt, L., Hart, K.M., Mazzotti, F., and Trexler, J.C., 2015, Using scenario planning to evaluate the impacts of climate change on wildlife populations and communities in the Florida Everglades: Environmental Management, v. 55, no. 4, p. 807-823, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-014-0397-5.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"807","endPage":"823","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051166","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297570,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.28759765625,\n 25.110471486223346\n ],\n [\n -82.28759765625,\n 26.868180902512403\n ],\n [\n -79.8431396484375,\n 26.868180902512403\n ],\n [\n -79.8431396484375,\n 25.110471486223346\n ],\n [\n -82.28759765625,\n 25.110471486223346\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c7ee4b08de9379b3840","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Catano, Christopher P.","contributorId":138935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Catano","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7017,"text":"Florida International University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Romañach, Stephanie S. 0000-0003-0271-7825 sromanach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-7825","contributorId":2331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romañach","given":"Stephanie S.","email":"sromanach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beerens, James M. 0000-0001-8143-916X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-916X","contributorId":25440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beerens","given":"James M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearlstine, Leonard G.","contributorId":34751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearlstine","given":"Leonard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12462,"text":"U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brandt, Laura A.","contributorId":18608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandt","given":"Laura A.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hart, Kristen M. 0000-0002-5257-7974 kristen_hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":1966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","email":"kristen_hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank J.","contributorId":100018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Trexler, Joel C.","contributorId":36267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trexler","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7017,"text":"Florida International University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70128483,"text":"tm4A10 - 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The EGRET package has components oriented towards the description of long-term changes in streamflow statistics (high flow, average flow, and low flow) as well as changes in water quality. For the water-quality analysis, it uses Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge and Season (WRTDS) to describe long-term trends in both concentration and flux. EGRET also creates a wide range of graphical presentations of the water-quality data and of the WRTDS results. This report serves as a user guide to these two R packages, providing detailed guidance on installation and use of the software, documentation of the analysis methods used, as well as guidance on some of the kinds of questions and approaches that the software can facilitate.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section A: Statistical analysis in Book 4 Hydrologic Analysis and Interpretation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm4A10","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., and De Cicco, L., 2015, User guide to Exploration and Graphics for RivEr Trends (EGRET) and dataRetrieval: R packages for hydrologic data (Version 1.0: Originally posted October 8, 2014; Version 2.0: February 5, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 4-A10, Report: vii, 93 p.; 2 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/tm4A10.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 93 p.; 2 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"104","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-056100","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438730,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9X4L3GE","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"dataRetrieval"},{"id":297766,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/04/a10/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":295115,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/04/a10/pdf/tm4A10_appendix_1.pdf","text":"Appendix 1: data retrieval vignette","size":"472 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 1: data retrieval vignette"},{"id":295086,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/04/a10/"},{"id":295114,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/04/a10/pdf/tm4A10.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.27 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":295116,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/04/a10/pdf/tm4A10_appendix_2.pdf","text":"Appendix 2: EGRET vignette","size":"1.02 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 2: EGRET vignette"}],"edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted October 8, 2014; Version 2.0: February 5, 2015","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 10 of Section A: Statistical analysis in Book 4 Hydrologic Analysis and Interpretation.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54379589e4b08a816ca63613","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De Cicco, Laura A. 0000-0002-3915-9487","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3915-9487","contributorId":35255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Cicco","given":"Laura A.","affiliations":[{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70120425,"text":"70120425 - 2015 - Development of a spatially universal framework for classifying stream assemblages with application to conservation planning for Great Lakes lotic fish communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-09T10:23:05","indexId":"70120425","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T14:27:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a spatially universal framework for classifying stream assemblages with application to conservation planning for Great Lakes lotic fish communities","docAbstract":"Classifications are typically specific to particular issues or areas, leading to patchworks of subjectively defined spatial units. Stream conservation is hindered by the lack of a universal habitat classification system and would benefit from an independent hydrology-guided spatial framework of units encompassing all aquatic habitats at multiple spatial scales within large regions. We present a system that explicitly separates the spatial framework from any particular classification developed from the framework. The framework was constructed from landscape variables that are hydrologically and biologically relevant, covered all space within the study area, and was nested hierarchically and spatially related at scales ranging from the stream reach to the entire region; classifications may be developed from any subset of the 9 basins, 107 watersheds, 459 subwatersheds, or 10,000s of valley segments or stream reaches. To illustrate the advantages of this approach, we developed a fish-guided classification generated from a framework for the Great Lakes region that produced a mosaic of habitat units which, when aggregated, formed larger patches of more general conditions at progressively broader spatial scales. We identified greater than 1,200 distinct fish habitat types at the valley segment scale, most of which were rare. Comparisons of biodiversity and species assemblages are easily examined at any scale. This system can identify and quantify habitat types, evaluate habitat quality for conservation and/or restoration, and assist managers and policymakers with prioritization of protection and restoration efforts. Similar spatial frameworks and habitat classifications can be developed for any organism in any riverine ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Ecological Restoration","doi":"10.1111/rec.12146","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J., Schaeffer, J., Stewart, J.S., and Slattery, M.T., 2015, Development of a spatially universal framework for classifying stream assemblages with application to conservation planning for Great Lakes lotic fish communities: Restoration Ecology, v. 23, no. 2, p. 167-178, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12146.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"178","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051855","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294729,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294728,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rec.12146"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.779296875,\n 39.9434364619742\n ],\n [\n -93.779296875,\n 48.922499263758255\n ],\n [\n -71.6748046875,\n 48.922499263758255\n ],\n [\n -71.6748046875,\n 39.9434364619742\n ],\n [\n -93.779296875,\n 39.9434364619742\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542d098be4b092f17defc4e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, James E. Jr.","contributorId":38486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James E.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schaeffer, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":19890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"Jeffrey S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, Jana S. 0000-0002-8121-1373 jsstewar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8121-1373","contributorId":539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Jana","email":"jsstewar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Slattery, Michael T. mslattery@usgs.gov","contributorId":5470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slattery","given":"Michael","email":"mslattery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70122717,"text":"70122717 - 2015 - Modeling long-term trends of chlorinated ethene contamination at a public supply well","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T09:52:49","indexId":"70122717","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-28T11:13:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling long-term trends of chlorinated ethene contamination at a public supply well","docAbstract":"A mass-balance solute-transport modeling approach was used to investigate the effects of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) volume, composition, and generation of daughter products on simulated and measured long-term trends of chlorinated ethene (CE) concentrations at a public supply well. The model was built by telescoping a calibrated regional three-dimensional MODFLOW model to the capture zone of a public supply well that has a history of CE contamination. The local model was then used to simulate the interactions between naturally occurring organic carbon that acts as an electron donor, and dissolved oxygen (DO), CEs, ferric iron, and sulfate that act as electron acceptors using the Sequential Electron Acceptor Model in three dimensions (SEAM3D) code. The modeling results indicate that asymmetry between rapidly rising and more gradual falling concentration trends over time suggests a DNAPL rather than a dissolved source of CEs. Peak concentrations of CEs are proportional to the volume and composition of the DNAPL source. The persistence of contamination, which can vary from a few years to centuries, is proportional to DNAPL volume, but is unaffected by DNAPL composition. These results show that monitoring CE concentrations in raw water produced by impacted public supply wells over time can provide useful information concerning the nature of contaminant sources and the likely future persistence of contamination.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12230","usgsCitation":"Chapelle, F.H., Kauffman, L.J., and Widdowson, M.A., 2015, Modeling long-term trends of chlorinated ethene contamination at a public supply well: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 51, no. 1, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12230.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052153","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293151,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12230"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.3813,39.3249 ], [ -75.3813,39.9952 ], [ -74.7182,39.9952 ], [ -74.7182,39.3249 ], [ -75.3813,39.3249 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54003434e4b04e908030b547","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauffman, Leon J. 0000-0003-4564-0362 lkauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-0362","contributorId":1094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Leon","email":"lkauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Widdowson, Mark A.","contributorId":90379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widdowson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70104727,"text":"70104727 - 2015 - Hydrologic response to valley-scale structure in alpine headwaters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-24T18:04:36","indexId":"70104727","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-19T09:54:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic response to valley-scale structure in alpine headwaters","docAbstract":"Few systematic studies of valley-scale geomorphic drivers of streamflow regimes in complex alpine headwaters have compared response between catchments. As a result, little guidance is available for regional-scale hydrological research and monitoring efforts that include assessments of ecosystem function. Physical parameters such as slope, elevation range, drainage area and bedrock geology are often used to stratify differences in streamflow response between sampling sites within an ecoregion. However, these metrics do not take into account geomorphic controls on streamflow specific to glaciated mountain headwaters. The coarse-grained nature of depositional features in alpine catchments suggests that these landforms have little water storage capacity because hillslope runoff moves rapidly just beneath the rock mantle before emerging in fluvial networks. However, recent studies show that a range of depositional features, including talus slopes, protalus ramparts and 'rock-ice' features may have more storage capacity than previously thought.
\nTo better evaluate potential differences in streamflow response among basins with extensive coarse depositional features and those without, we examined the relationships between streamflow discharge, stable isotopes, water temperature and the amplitude of the diurnal signal at five basin outlets. We also quantified the percentages of colluvial channel length measured along the stepped longitudinal profile. Colluvial channels, characterized by the presence of surficial, coarse-grained depositional features, presented sediment-rich, transport-limited morphologies that appeared to have a cumulative effect on the timing and volume of flow downstream. Measurements taken from colluvial channels flowing through depositional landforms showed median recession constants (Kr) of 0.9-0.95, δ18O values of ≥−14.5 and summer diurnal amplitudes ≤0.8 as compared with more typical surface water recession constant values of 0.7, δ18O ≤ −13.5 and diurnal amplitudes >2.0. Our results demonstrated strong associations between the percentage of colluvial channel length within a catchment and moderated streamflow regimes, water temperatures, diurnal signals and depleted δ18O related to groundwater influx.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10141","usgsCitation":"Weekes, A.A., Torgersen, C., Montgomery, D.R., Woodward, A., and Bolton, S.M., 2015, Hydrologic response to valley-scale structure in alpine headwaters: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 3, p. 356-372, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10141.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"356","endPage":"372","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052531","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287280,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.853059,46.707817 ], [ -121.853059,47.026358 ], [ -121.442875,47.026358 ], [ -121.442875,46.707817 ], [ -121.853059,46.707817 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"537b19d2e4b0929ba496ab35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weekes, Anne A.","contributorId":11870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weekes","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":48143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery, David R.","contributorId":67389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bolton, Susan M.","contributorId":76987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolton","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70115357,"text":"70115357 - 2015 - Change in agricultural land use constrains adaptation of national wildlife refuges to climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-09T15:02:31","indexId":"70115357","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T10:54:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1531,"text":"Environmental Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Change in agricultural land use constrains adaptation of national wildlife refuges to climate change","docAbstract":"Land-use change around protected areas limits their ability to conserve biodiversity by altering ecological processes such as natural hydrologic and disturbance regimes, facilitating species invasions, and interfering with dispersal of organisms. This paper informs USA National Wildlife Refuge System conservation planning by predicting future land-use change on lands within 25 km distance of 461 refuges in the USA using an econometric model. The model contained two differing policy scenarios, namely a ‘business-as-usual’ scenario and a ‘pro-agriculture’ scenario. Regardless of scenario, by 2051, forest cover and urban land use were predicted to increase around refuges, while the extent of range and pasture was predicted to decrease; cropland use decreased under the business-as-usual scenario, but increased under the pro-agriculture scenario. Increasing agricultural land value under the pro-agriculture scenario slowed an expected increase in forest around refuges, and doubled the rate of range and pasture loss. Intensity of land-use change on lands surrounding refuges differed by regions. Regional differences among scenarios revealed that an understanding of regional and local land-use dynamics and management options was an essential requirement to effectively manage these conserved lands. Such knowledge is particularly important given the predicted need to adapt to a changing global climate.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0376892914000174","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, C., Thogmartin, W.E., Radeloff, V., Plantinga, A.J., Heglund, P., Martinuzzi, S., and Pidgeon, A.M., 2015, Change in agricultural land use constrains adaptation of national wildlife refuges to climate change: Environmental Conservation, v. 42, no. 1, p. 12-19, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892914000174.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053578","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289356,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0376892914000174"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b0c9e4b0388651d9166d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, Christopher M.","contributorId":27767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Christopher M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Radeloff, Volker C.","contributorId":76169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radeloff","given":"Volker C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Plantinga, Andrew J.","contributorId":75413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plantinga","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heglund, Patricia J.","contributorId":51248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heglund","given":"Patricia J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martinuzzi, Sebastian","contributorId":17491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinuzzi","given":"Sebastian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pidgeon, Anna M.","contributorId":84243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pidgeon","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70141792,"text":"70141792 - 2015 - Trend analyses with river sediment rating curves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-02T10:00:11","indexId":"70141792","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-25T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trend analyses with river sediment rating curves","docAbstract":"Sediment rating curves, which are fitted relationships between river discharge (Q) and suspended-sediment concentration (C), are commonly used to assess patterns and trends in river water quality. In many of these studies it is assumed that rating curves have a power-law form (i.e., C = aQb, where a and b are fitted parameters). Two fundamental questions about the utility of these techniques are assessed in this paper: (i) How well to the parameters, a and b, characterize trends in the data? (ii) Are trends in rating curves diagnostic of changes to river water or sediment discharge? As noted in previous research, the offset parameter, a, is not an independent variable for most rivers, but rather strongly dependent on b and Q. Here it is shown that a is a poor metric for trends in the vertical offset of a rating curve, and a new parameter, â, as determined by the discharge-normalized power function [C = â (Q/QGM)b], where QGM is the geometric mean of the Q values sampled, provides a better characterization of trends. However, these techniques must be applied carefully, because curvature in the relationship between log(Q) and log(C), which exists for many rivers, can produce false trends in â and b. Also, it is shown that trends in â and b are not uniquely diagnostic of river water or sediment supply conditions. For example, an increase in â can be caused by an increase in sediment supply, a decrease in water supply, or a combination of these conditions. Large changes in water and sediment supplies can occur without any change in the parameters, â and b. Thus, trend analyses using sediment rating curves must include additional assessments of the time-dependent rates and trends of river water, sediment concentrations, and sediment discharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online Library","publisherLocation":"Chichester, Sussex, England","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10198","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J., 2015, Trend analyses with river sediment rating curves: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 6, p. 936-949, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10198.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"936","endPage":"949","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052344","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488444,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10198","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":298087,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54ec5d49e4b02d776a67dab9","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/hyp.10198","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10198","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Warrick Jonathan A.","journalName":"Hydrological Processes","publicationDate":"4/25/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814 jwarrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":139314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan A.","email":"jwarrick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70136228,"text":"70136228 - 2015 - Assessing stand water use in four coastal wetland forests using sapflow techniques: annual estimates, errors and associated uncertainties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T13:22:06","indexId":"70136228","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing stand water use in four coastal wetland forests using sapflow techniques: annual estimates, errors and associated uncertainties","docAbstract":"Forests comprise approximately 37% of the terrestrial land surface and influence global water cycling. However, very little attention has been directed towards understanding environmental impacts on stand water use (S) or in identifying rates of S from specific forested wetlands. Here, we use sapflow techniques to address two separate but linked objectives: (1) determine S in four, hydrologically distinctive South Carolina (USA) wetland forests from 2009–2010 and (2) describe potential error, uncertainty and stand-level variation associated with these assessments. Sapflow measurements were made from a number of tree species for approximately 2–8 months over 2 years to initiate the model, which was applied to canopy trees (DBH > 10–20 cm). We determined that S in three healthy forested wetlands varied from 1.97–3.97 mm day−1 or 355–687 mm year−1 when scaled. In contrast, saltwater intrusion impacted individual tree physiology and size class distributions on a fourth site, which decreased S to 0.61–1.13 mm day−1 or 110–196 mm year−1. The primary sources of error in estimations using sapflow probes would relate to calibration of probes and standardization relative to no flow periods and accounting for accurate sapflow attenuation with radial depth into the sapwood by species and site. Such inherent variation in water use among wetland forest stands makes small differences in S (<200 mm year−1) difficult to detect statistically through modelling, even though small differences may be important to local water cycling. These data also represent some of the first assessments of S from temperate, coastal forested wetlands along the Atlantic coast of the USA.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10130","usgsCitation":"Krauss, K.W., Duberstein, J., and Conner, W.H., 2015, Assessing stand water use in four coastal wetland forests using sapflow techniques: annual estimates, errors and associated uncertainties: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 1, p. 112-127, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10130.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"112","endPage":"127","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043270","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297107,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b3ce4b08de9379b32ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duberstein, Jamie A.","contributorId":91007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duberstein","given":"Jamie A.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conner, William H.","contributorId":79376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conner","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159415,"text":"70159415 - 2015 - A 3400 year paleolimnological record of prehispanic human–environment interactions in the Holmul region of the southern Maya lowlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T15:56:30","indexId":"70159415","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 3400 year paleolimnological record of prehispanic human–environment interactions in the Holmul region of the southern Maya lowlands","docAbstract":"The timing, magnitude and drivers of late Holocene environmental change in the Holmul region of the southern Maya lowlands are examined by combining paleoenvironmental and archeological data. Environmental proxy analyses on a ~ 3350 cal yr lacustrine sediment record include pollen, charcoal, loss on ignition, magnetic suscep- tibility, and elemental geochemistry. Archeological evidence is derived from extensive settlement surveys conducted near the study site. Results indicate nearby settlement and agricultural activity taking place in an environment characterized by open forest from around 3350 to 950 cal yr BP. The fire history shows a dramatic increase in burning during the Classic period, possibly reflecting changing agricultural strategies. A distinct band of carbonate deposited from 1270 to 1040 cal yr BP suggests decreased hydrologic input associated with drier conditions. Abrupt changes in proxy data around 940 cal yr BP indicate a cessation of human disturbance and local abandonment of the area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.03.006","usgsCitation":"Wahl, D.B., Estrada-Belli, F., and Anderson, L., 2015, A 3400 year paleolimnological record of prehispanic human–environment interactions in the Holmul region of the southern Maya lowlands: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 379-380, p. 17-31, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.03.006.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"31","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044312","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Guatemala","state":"Peten","otherGeospatial":"Holmul region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.49737548828124,\n 16.219949175712056\n ],\n [\n -89.20623779296875,\n 16.219949175712056\n ],\n [\n -89.20623779296875,\n 16.673030952138866\n ],\n [\n -89.49737548828124,\n 16.673030952138866\n ],\n [\n -89.49737548828124,\n 16.219949175712056\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"379-380","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5633432be4b048076347eead","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wahl, David B. 0000-0002-0451-3554 dwahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-3554","contributorId":3433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"David","email":"dwahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Estrada-Belli, Francisco","contributorId":149456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Estrada-Belli","given":"Francisco","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13500,"text":"Tulane University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Anderson, Lysanna 0000-0001-5650-9744 landerson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5650-9744","contributorId":5339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Lysanna","email":"landerson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ]}