The lack of consistent, accurate information on evapotranspiration (ET) and consumptive use of water by irrigated agriculture is one of the most important data gaps for water managers in the western United States (U.S.) and other arid agricultural regions globally. The ability to easily access information on ET is central to improving water budgets across the West, advancing the use of data-driven irrigation management strategies, and expanding incentive-driven conservation programs. Recent advances in remote sensing of ET have led to the development of multiple approaches for field-scale ET mapping that have been used for local and regional water resource management applications by U.S. state and federal agencies. The OpenET project is a community-driven effort that is building upon these advances to develop an operational system for generating and distributing ET data at a field scale using an ensemble of six well-established satellite-based approaches for mapping ET. Key objectives of OpenET include: Increasing access to remotely sensed ET data through a web-based data explorer and data services; supporting the use of ET data for a range of water resource management applications; and development of use cases and training resources for agricultural producers and water resource managers. Here we describe the OpenET framework, including the models used in the ensemble, the satellite, meteorological, and ancillary data inputs to the system, and the OpenET data visualization and access tools. We also summarize an extensive intercomparison and accuracy assessment conducted using ground measurements of ET from 139 flux tower sites instrumented with open path eddy covariance systems. Results calculated for 24 cropland sites from Phase I of the intercomparison and accuracy assessment demonstrate strong agreement between the satellite-driven ET models and the flux tower ET data. For the six models that have been evaluated to date (ALEXI/DisALEXI, eeMETRIC, geeSEBAL, PT-JPL, SIMS, and SSEBop) and the ensemble mean, the weighted average mean absolute error (MAE) values across all sites range from 13.6 to 21.6 mm/month at a monthly timestep, and 0.74 to 1.07 mm/day at a daily timestep. At seasonal time scales, for all but one of the models the weighted mean total ET is within ±8% of both the ensemble mean and the weighted mean total ET calculated from the flux tower data. Overall, the ensemble mean performs as well as any individual model across nearly all accuracy statistics for croplands, though some individual models may perform better for specific sites and regions. We conclude with three brief use cases to illustrate current applications and benefits of increased access to ET data, and discuss key lessons learned from the development of OpenET.
Understanding the ecology of endangered taxa and the factors affecting their population growth and decline is imperative for their recovery. In the southeastern USA, the Everglades wetland ecosystem supports a high diversity of species and communities, including many endemic and imperiled taxa, such as the federally endangered Cape Sable seaside sparrow Ammospiza maritima mirabilis (CSSS). The Everglades, once a completely connected wetland with a slow-moving sheet flow of water, is now compartmentalized into separated wetland units where water distribution is managed year-round. The CSSS is affected by, and at the crux of, many Everglades ecosystem restoration decisions. The CSSS faces conservation challenges, including limited habitat availability, low population numbers, dispersal limitations, and constraints on suitable breeding conditions owing to wetland water levels. Despite these challenges, ecological knowledge of the factors affecting CSSS population numbers in the context of ongoing ecosystem-level restoration can help inform protection of this bird while restoring the Everglades. Existing research shows target hydroperiods between 90 and 210 days, a minimum of 90 consecutive dry days during the breeding season, and non-breeding season fires approximately every 5-10 years may aid in CSSS recovery. There are numerous tools and models to support habitat and water management for the CSSS, and the most recent ecosystem-level water operations plan for the Everglades indicates potential for increased CSSS habitat. Here, we provide a review on the ecology of the CSSS, factors affecting population decline, and ecosystem-level restoration actions that may aid in CSSS recovery.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/esr01212","usgsCitation":"Benscoter, A., and Romanach, S., 2022, Endangered Cape Sable seaside sparrow ecology: Actions towards recovery through landscape-scale ecosystem restoration: Endangered Species Research, v. 49, p. 199-215, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01212.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"215","ipdsId":"IP-138298","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01212","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":410150,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Dlorida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.00201430502638,\n 26.691780992327622\n ],\n [\n -82.00201430502638,\n 24.87241063952405\n ],\n [\n -80.13513135216013,\n 24.87241063952405\n ],\n [\n -80.13513135216013,\n 26.691780992327622\n ],\n [\n -82.00201430502638,\n 26.691780992327622\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benscoter, Allison 0000-0003-4205-3808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4205-3808","contributorId":216194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benscoter","given":"Allison","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":858457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Romanach, Stephanie 0000-0003-0271-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-7825","contributorId":220761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanach","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":858458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70238765,"text":"70238765 - 2022 - A case study: Temporal trends of environmental stressors and reproductive health of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) from a site in the Potomac River Watershed, Maryland, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-09T13:18:59.076223","indexId":"70238765","displayToPublicDate":"2022-12-01T06:37:18","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A case study: Temporal trends of environmental stressors and reproductive health of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) from a site in the Potomac River Watershed, Maryland, USA","title":"A case study: Temporal trends of environmental stressors and reproductive health of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) from a site in the Potomac River Watershed, Maryland, USA","docAbstract":"Decades of poor reproductive success and young-of-the-year survival, combined with adult mortality events, have led to a decline in the smallmouth bass (SMB; Micropterus dolomieu) population in sections of the Potomac River. Previous studies have identified numerous biologic and environmental stressors associated with negative effects on SMB health. To better understand the impact of these stressors, this study was conducted at the confluence of Antietam Creek and the Potomac River from 2013 to 2019 to identify temporal changes associated with SMB reproductive health. Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for over 300 organic contaminants, including pesticides, phytoestrogens, pharmaceuticals, hormones and total estrogenicity (E2Eq). Adult SMB were collected and sampled for multiple endpoints, including gene transcripts associated with reproduction (molecular), histopathology (cellular), and organosomatic indices (tissue). In males, biomarkers of estrogenic endocrine disruption, including testicular oocytes (TO) and plasma vitellogenin (Vtg) were assessed. Numerous agriculture-related contaminants or land use patterns were associated with gene transcript abundance in both male and female SMB. Positive associations between pesticides in the immediate catchment with TO severity and E2Eq with plasma Vtg in males were identified. In males, the prevalence of TO and detectable levels of plasma Vtg, liver vitellogenin transcripts (vtg) and testis vtg were high throughout the study. Peaks of complex mixtures of numerous contaminants occurred during the spring/early summer when spawning and early development occurs and to a lesser extent in fall/winter during recrudescence. Management practices to reduce exposure during these critical and sensitive periods may enhance reproductive health of these economically important sportfishes.
In 2012, the Florida Legislature mandated that the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS), Office of Agricultural Water Policy, promote an agricultural water-conservation program that would include a cost-share program and best management practices and that would aid the five water management districts in the development of consistent agricultural water-supply planning, assisting the districts in projecting future agricultural water needs and promoting consistency in water-use estimates among the districts. Beginning in 2013, the FDACS created a series of agriculture and irrigated land-use maps for all Florida counties for the purpose of estimating current and forecasting future water demands. These maps, produced and updated periodically by The Balmoral Group, were based on baseline data from 2010 and have been updated with a combination of satellite images and land-use data from water management districts in subsequent years (2013–21) to help create a statewide database of irrigated agricultural lands. The purpose of this multiyear cooperative study between the U.S. Geological Survey and the FDACS is to provide (1) a detailed geospatial database of verified irrigated field locations with selected attributes as ArcGIS shapefiles and (2) aggregated acreage totals by crop type for all or parts of 55 of the 67 counties within Florida. Ten of the remaining 12 counties were fully mapped by the St. John’s River Water Management District in 2015; the other 2 counties were not mapped because they contained very little irrigated agricultural land. Irrigated agricultural fields identified on The Balmoral Group baseline maps for each of the 55 counties were either physically observed by U.S. Geological Survey or were verified through water management district’s consumptive water-use permit database. A select group of counties were chosen to be field verified each year, concluding with a total of 55 counties in Florida field verified between October 2013 and August 2021. The results provided from this multiyear study can help increase the accuracy of irrigation water-use estimates for counties in Florida.
Director, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559
https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water
Transgression and regression of water levels (stages) have impacted the evolution of aeolian landforms and sedimentary deposits throughout geologic history. We studied this phenomenon over a five-day period of reduced flow on the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park, AZ, USA, in March 2021. These transient low flows exposed river-channel sand deposits to the air, causing progressive desiccation (drying) and thereby making these deposits susceptible to aeolian transport. We measured aeolian threshold friction velocities (u*t) for sand saltation and PM10 dust emissions, as well as other characteristics, on a subaerially exposed sandbar and downwind aeolian dunefield during each day of the low river flow. The sandbar transitioned from supply-limited to transport-limited aeolian sediment transport conditions during the regression in river water stage. A possible tipping point between the two transport conditions occurred approximately 48 hours after the drop in river flow. The empirically measured u*t decreased as the sandbar sediment dried with increased subaerial exposure time. Theoretical estimates and empirical measurements of u*t corresponded closely on the aeolian dunefield and on the sandbar when it was drier during the third and fourth day of the experiment. Eighty-seven percent of the variability in u*t was explained by empirical models that provide practical estimates of aeolian transport potential of subaerial river sediment deposits using monitoring data that are commonly available in this and other river systems. The work provides theoretical insight into the response of aeolian processes to sediment supply changes driven by periods of anthropogenic activity, drought, and climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2022JF006816","usgsCitation":"Sankey, J., Caster, J., Kasprak, A., and Fairley, H.C., 2022, The influence of drying on the aeolian transport of river-sourced sand: Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface, v. 127, no. 12, e2022JF006816, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JF006816.","productDescription":"e2022JF006816, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-142498","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022jf006816","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91WBUYO","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Threshold friction velocities for aeolian transport of river-sourced sand, with related moisture content, grain size, topographic, and wind data from Lees Ferry, Arizona"},{"id":409919,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.35659478532732,\n 36.965267960408156\n ],\n [\n -114.03110966943333,\n 36.965267960408156\n ],\n [\n -114.03110966943333,\n 35.544550609550456\n ],\n [\n -111.35659478532732,\n 35.544550609550456\n ],\n [\n -111.35659478532732,\n 36.965267960408156\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"127","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":261248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":858099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caster, Joshua 0000-0002-2858-1228 jcaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2858-1228","contributorId":199033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caster","given":"Joshua","email":"jcaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":858100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kasprak, Alan 0000-0001-8184-6128","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8184-6128","contributorId":204162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kasprak","given":"Alan","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":858101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fairley, Helen C. 0000-0001-6151-4804 hfairley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6151-4804","contributorId":3040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairley","given":"Helen","email":"hfairley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":858102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70240695,"text":"70240695 - 2022 - Ingested toxicity of antimycin A to grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella and black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus in two carriers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-15T12:50:15.254936","indexId":"70240695","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-30T06:49:09","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2655,"text":"Management of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ingested toxicity of antimycin A to grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella and black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus in two carriers","docAbstract":"Toxic baits are a potential control mechanism for nuisance carps, but rotenone-based baits for grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella have been ineffective. Failures have been attributed to the palatability of rotenone because innocuous training pellets are readily consumed prior to provision of piscicide baits. Several studies suggest antimycin A, a common alternative piscicide, typically applied directly to water, may be suitable as an ingested bait. The oral toxicity of antimycin A is not well described. We evaluated the oral toxicity of antimycin A in two carriers (ethanol and corn oil) on grass carp and black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus, administered via gavage. Doses ranged from 1–16 mg/kg. Lethal dose estimates for 50% of treated fish (LD50) were calculated, and the observed treatment levels resulting in complete mortality are reported at 24- and 96-hours post-treatment. Ethanol was a more effective carrier than corn oil with lower LD50 estimates and observed treatment levels with complete mortality. Antimycin A in corn oil produced only partial mortality of black carp even 96 hours from treatment and at the highest dose administered. Results document ingested doses required for mortality of grass carp and black carp that may be used for future development of species-selective antimycin A baits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.10","usgsCitation":"Kroboth, P., Chapman, D., Steevens, J.A., and Byrd, C.G., 2022, Ingested toxicity of antimycin A to grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella and black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus in two carriers: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 13, no. 4, p. 737-749, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.10.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"737","endPage":"749","ipdsId":"IP-127043","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445770,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.10","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XTNCYC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Survival of grass carp and black carp gavaged with an oral dose of antimycin A in two carriers, corn oil and ethanol"},{"id":413096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kroboth, Patrick 0000-0002-9447-4818","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-4818","contributorId":216578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroboth","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":864332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":864333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steevens, Jeffery A. 0000-0003-3946-1229","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3946-1229","contributorId":207511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steevens","given":"Jeffery","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":864334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Byrd, Curtis G. 0000-0002-5124-5652","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5124-5652","contributorId":210798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrd","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":864335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70239048,"text":"70239048 - 2022 - Biofilms as potential reservoirs of stony coral tissue loss disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T15:29:21.527252","indexId":"70239048","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-30T06:49:06","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3912,"text":"Frontiers in Marine Science","onlineIssn":"2296-7745","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biofilms as potential reservoirs of stony coral tissue loss disease","docAbstract":"Since 2014, corals throughout Florida’s Coral Reef have been plagued by an epizootic of unknown etiology, colloquially termed stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD). Although in Florida the movement of this waterborne coral disease has been consistent with natural transport via water currents, outbreaks in the Caribbean have been more sporadic, with infections occurring in locations inconsistent with spread via natural means. Often Caribbean outbreaks have been clustered near ports, potentially implicating ships as mediators of SCTLD into new regions. Biofilms attached to ship hulls, ballast tank walls, or other surfaces could represent a possible vector for the disease. We investigated whether bacteria shed by healthy and SCTLD-diseased corals would form distinct biofilms, and whether a SCTLD signal would be detectable within biofilm bacterial communities. Stainless steel plates serving as proxies for ship hulls, ballast tank walls, and other colonizable surfaces were incubated for three days in filtered seawater mesocosms containing healthy or SCTLD-infected corals. Resulting biofilm bacterial communities were characterized through sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. We determined that bacteria shed by healthy and diseased corals formed significantly different biofilms consisting of highly diverse taxa. Comparison with 16S data from previous SCTLD investigations spanning different coral species, collection locations, years, and source material revealed the presence of numerous genetically identical sequences within the biofilm bacterial communities formed during exposure to SCTLD-infected corals, including several previously identified as possible SCTLD bioindicators. These results suggest ship-associated biofilms may have the potential to be vectors for the transmission of SCTLD into new regions.
Levittown Lake is a 30-hectare, brackish waterbody located in the municipality of Toa Baja, on the northern coast of Puerto Rico. The lake is a small, man-made feature formed by draining the marshland over which the Levittown community was built. Levittown Lake has an average depth of about 5 meters and a water level at/near mean sea level. Tidal oscillations within the lake were minimal during the study, about 10 centimeters regardless of ocean tides, and the daily flushing rate of the lake was about 2 percent of its entire water volume.
Hydrologic, water-quality, and biological data were collected in Levittown Lake and adjacent areas (specifically, the inlet/outlet channel and Caño El Hato drainage canal) between April 2010 and June 2011 (1) to establish baseline conditions and determine the water quality of the lake on the basis of preestablished standards and (2) for contrast with other, more healthy coastal lagoons. The study provides a baseline for an assessment of the potential of Levittown Lake to function as a coastal lagoon.
Water-quality properties measured onsite (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, specific conductance, salinity, and water transparency) varied diurnally and seasonally. In general, water-quality properties were in compliance with current regulatory Class SB standards established by the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board, except for some dissolved oxygen concentration and pH measurements. Some dissolved oxygen concentration measurements at the water surface and all dissolved oxygen concentration measurements at the lake bottom were lower than the values recommended by the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board. The pH of the water at the lake surface ranged from 7.3 to 9.1, with the upper value exceeding the recommended pH values. Nutrient concentrations were below the current regulatory standards of less than 5 milligrams per liter (mg/L) for total nitrogen and 1 mg/L for total phosphorus. The measured concentrations of chlorophyll a varied throughout the year of sampling and indicate that eutrophic conditions predominate in Levittown Lake.
The phytoplankton yielded an average net productivity of 0.5 milligram of oxygen per liter per hour, as determined by light and dark bottle primary productivity studies conducted on a monthly basis and measured in the early morning hours. Because these measurements were restricted to the morning hours, a qualification of the representativeness of the results to the full diurnal cycle is necessary. The measured hourly respiration rate averaged 0.39 milligram of oxygen per liter. Diel studies were planned in the lake to assess dissolved oxygen concentration diurnal curves and ultimately to compute the community net primary productivity, respiration, and gross productivity. Conditions during the diel studies were later determined to be unsuitable, limiting the assessment of community metabolism. Another biological indicator evaluated during the study was the phytoplankton biomass, and results indicated that phytoplankton biomass measured at the Levittown Lake ranged from 6.0 to 112.5 mg/L.
Fecal indicator bacteria concentrations ranged from 10 to 1,540,000 colonies per 100 milliliters of water. Concentrations generally were greatest in and near the Caño El Hato drainage canal and, during the study, exceeded current regulatory standards established for Puerto Rico.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20225096","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources","usgsCitation":"Soler-López, L.R., Gómez-Fragoso, J.M., and Val-Merníz, N.A., 2022, Hydrology, water quality, and biological characteristics of Levittown Lake, Toa Baja, Puerto Rico, April 2010–June 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2022–5096, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20225096.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 32 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-064860","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409442,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9MC6JZ6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for the hydrologic and water-quality characterization of Levittown Lake, Toa Baja, Puerto Rico, April 2010–June 2011"},{"id":409802,"rank":7,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20225096/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":409439,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5096/sir20225096.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.73 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2022-5096"},{"id":409438,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5096/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":409440,"rank":2,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5096/sir20225096.XML"},{"id":409441,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5096/images"},{"id":409443,"rank":6,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"—USGS water data for the Nation"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Levittown Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.20418646107952,\n 18.468480510318614\n ],\n [\n -66.20418646107952,\n 18.43267147514682\n ],\n [\n -66.16780969765956,\n 18.43267147514682\n ],\n [\n -66.16780969765956,\n 18.468480510318614\n ],\n [\n -66.20418646107952,\n 18.468480510318614\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559
More than 840 publications, 575 data releases, and 330 project web pages from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) pertain to the Colorado River Basin. Limited interconnections between Colorado River Basin publications, data, and web pages restrict the ability to synthesize and interpret scientific resources. Currently, these pieces are spread across multiple isolated locations, internal systems, data repositories, and local offices. The increasing size, complexity, and diversity of Colorado River Basin data creates additional need for integration. These different data types—including discrete, continuous, aerial, remote sensing, geophysical, geospatial, and other types in varied formats—are collected over numerous time and space scales and require data-intensive science and technology to integrate.
Information management technology (IMT) resources are enterprise capabilities that the USGS workforce can leverage at multiple scales with consistent interoperable solutions to better facilitate integrated science. The USGS 21st Century Science Strategy directs the USGS to establish enterprise IMT capabilities that support integrated work through interoperable software and database solutions at multiple scales. This Information Management Technology Plan identifies nine steps to leverage new and existing technologies, data, models, and scientific knowledge to support integrated science projects conducted across the Colorado River Basin. These steps are transferable to integrated-science studies in other locations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20223051","usgsCitation":"Anderson, E.D, Erxleben, J.R., Qi, S.L., Monroe, A.P., and Dahm, K.G., 2022, U.S. Geological Survey Colorado River Basin Actionable and Strategic Integrated Science and Technology (ASIST)—Information Management Technology Plan: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2022-3051, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20223051.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-132808","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":64844,"text":"Rocky Mountain Region Director’s Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409861,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20223051/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"FS 2022-3051"},{"id":409757,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2022/3051/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":409758,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2022/3051/fs20223051.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.26 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2022-3051"},{"id":409760,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20223010","text":"USGS Fact Sheet 2022-3010—","linkHelpText":"Addressing Stakeholder Science Needs for Integrated Drought Science in the Colorado River Basin Fact Sheet 2022-3010"},{"id":409803,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2022/3051/images"},{"id":409804,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2022/3051/fs20223051.xml"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.00488281250001,\n 32.65787573695528\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 31.840232667909365\n ],\n [\n -113.99414062499999,\n 31.541089879585808\n ],\n [\n -113.2470703125,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -112.0166015625,\n 30.14512718337613\n ],\n [\n -110.654296875,\n 29.878755346037977\n ],\n [\n -109.86328125,\n 29.99300228455108\n ],\n [\n -108.720703125,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -108.28125,\n 31.653381399664\n ],\n [\n -108.28125,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -107.9736328125,\n 33.87041555094183\n ],\n [\n -107.40234375,\n 34.23451236236987\n ],\n [\n -106.9189453125,\n 35.88905007936091\n ],\n [\n -106.69921875,\n 36.35052700542763\n ],\n [\n -106.3916015625,\n 37.23032838760387\n ],\n [\n -106.3916015625,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -106.3916015625,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -106.12792968749999,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -106.3037109375,\n 41.47566020027821\n ],\n [\n -107.09472656249999,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -108.67675781249999,\n 42.32606244456202\n ],\n [\n -109.7314453125,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -110.654296875,\n 43.45291889355465\n ],\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -111.1376953125,\n 42.61779143282346\n ],\n [\n -111.005859375,\n 42.16340342422401\n ],\n [\n -110.830078125,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n -111.4013671875,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -111.533203125,\n 37.68382032669382\n ],\n [\n -112.19238281249999,\n 37.43997405227057\n ],\n [\n -113.203125,\n 37.3002752813443\n ],\n [\n -114.2138671875,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -114.521484375,\n 38.20365531807149\n ],\n [\n -115.13671875,\n 38.51378825951165\n ],\n [\n -115.400390625,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -115.1806640625,\n 35.92464453144099\n ],\n [\n -114.82910156249999,\n 34.994003757575776\n ],\n [\n -114.697265625,\n 33.7243396617476\n ],\n [\n -115.00488281250001,\n 32.65787573695528\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Region 7 - Upper Colorado Basin
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-911
Denver, CO 80225-0046
River water temperatures are increasing globally, particularly in urban systems. In winter, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent inputs are of particular concern because they increase water temperatures from near freezing to ~7–15 °C. Recent laboratory studies suggest that warm overwinter temperatures impact the reproductive timing of some fishes. To evaluate winter water temperature’s influence in the wild, we sampled Johnny Darter Etheostoma nigrum from three urban South Platte River tributaries in Colorado upstream and downstream of WWTP effluent discharge sites. Fish were collected weekly during the spring spawning season of 2021 and reproductive development was determined from histological analysis of the gonads. Winter water temperatures were approximately 5–10 °C greater ~300 m downstream of the WWTP effluent compared to upstream sites, and approximately 3 °C warmer at sampling sites ~5000 m downstream of the effluent discharge. Females collected downstream of WWTP effluent experienced accelerated reproductive development compared to upstream by 1–2 weeks. Water quality, including total estrogenicity, and spring water temperatures did not appear to explain varying reproductive development. It appears that small increases in winter water temperature influence the reproductive timing in E. nigrum. Further investigations into how shifts in reproductive timing influence other population dynamics are warranted.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/fishes7060361","usgsCitation":"Adams, C.M., Winkelman, D.L., Schaffer, P.A., Villeneuve, D., Cavallin, J.E., Ellman, M., Santana Rodriguez, K., and Fitzpatrick, R.M., 2022, Elevated winter stream temperatures below wastewater treatment plants shift reproductive development of female Johnny Darter Etheostoma nigrum: A field and histologic approach: Fishes, v. 7, no. 6, 361, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060361.","productDescription":"361, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-144499","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060361","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430219,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Big Thompson River, Cache la Poudre River, St, Vrain Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.65453500751094,\n 40.768883536435936\n ],\n [\n -105.65453500751094,\n 40.09911106988662\n ],\n [\n -104.54071659609397,\n 40.09911106988662\n ],\n [\n -104.54071659609397,\n 40.768883536435936\n ],\n [\n -105.65453500751094,\n 40.768883536435936\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Catherine M.","contributorId":339138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winkelman, Dana L. 0000-0002-5247-0114 danaw@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5247-0114","contributorId":4141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winkelman","given":"Dana","email":"danaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schaffer, Paula A.","contributorId":339141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schaffer","given":"Paula","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Villeneuve, Daniel L.","contributorId":339142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Villeneuve","given":"Daniel L.","affiliations":[{"id":35215,"text":"Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cavallin, Jenna E.","contributorId":339146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cavallin","given":"Jenna","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":35215,"text":"Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ellman, Michael","contributorId":339149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellman","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35215,"text":"Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Santana Rodriguez, Kelvin","contributorId":339152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santana Rodriguez","given":"Kelvin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35215,"text":"Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Ryan M.","contributorId":339156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":81245,"text":"Colorado Parks and Wildlife, Research, Policy, and Planning Section,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70239436,"text":"70239436 - 2022 - Regional-scale mapping of landscape response to extreme precipitation using repeat lidar and object-based image analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-13T13:25:15.785359","indexId":"70239436","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-29T07:19:38","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5026,"text":"Earth and Space Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional-scale mapping of landscape response to extreme precipitation using repeat lidar and object-based image analysis","docAbstract":"Extreme precipitation events may cause flooding, slope failure, erosion, deposition, and damage to infrastructure over a regional scale, but the impacts of these events are often difficult to fully characterize. Regional-scale landscape change occurred during an extreme rain event in June 2012 in northeastern Minnesota. Landscape change was documented by 8,000 km2 of airborne lidar data collected before and after the event. Following improved alignment of the lidar point data and reducing error using insight from analysis of extensive stable areas, elevation differences were classified into map objects representing geomorphic change in relation to process and landscape position using object-based image analysis. This remote mapping compares favorably to field and imagery-based mapping and provides the basis for volumetric sediment budgeting. Elevation differences in these objects indicate that 4.5 × 106 ± 1.0 × 106 m3 of sediment was eroded in the study area. Of this, 2.5 × 106 ± 3.3 × 105 m3 was deposited in deposits on hillslopes and valley floors, and 2.0 × 106 ± 4.6 × 105 m3 were removed from watersheds and exported to the Saint Louis River Estuary and Lake Superior. Multivariate logistic regression analysis emphasized that topographic slope and presence of glaciolacustrine clay lithology are the primary control on landslide occurrence, and landslides occur most frequently on slopes within tens of meters of stream channels. These results provide the basis to anticipate the impacts of similar future storm events. Because precipitation events are forecast to continue to increase in frequency and intensity owing to climate change, characterizing and anticipating their effects may support hazard planning.
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians (MBCI), conducted a baseline assessment of the physical, chemical, and biological quality of selected streams and rivers within and contiguous to the Pearl River Community (PRC) in 2017 and 2018. The MBCI is a federally recognized tribe with territories in Mississippi and Tennessee. MBCI Tribal government and communities have sovereign authority over their natural resources and are responsible for protecting the quality of waters within the Tribal lands from sources of pollution and restoring impaired waters. The quality of these surface waters has a profound effect upon the health and welfare of MBCI Tribal members. Data generated from this study may be used with other relevant water-quality data for comparison and development of Tribal water-quality standards.
The PRC territory is drained by the Pearl River and associated tributaries. Water-quality and biological samples were collected and habitat surveys were conducted at sites on the mainstem of the Pearl River and major tributaries of the Pearl River—Wolf Creek, Beasha Creek, Jones Creek, and Kentawka Creek. The selected stream sites represent a range of land use/land cover and potential sources of alteration and contamination from within their respective drainage areas. In particular, Wolf Creek watershed has the highest relative percentage of developed land.
Ambient physicochemical properties, major ions, nutrients, and organic wastewater compounds (OWCs) were analyzed quarterly from surface-water samples from October 2017 through August 2018. Physicochemical properties were also measured in June 2018 over a continuous 48-hour period. Trace elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were analyzed from streambed sediments in August 2018. Biological samples included the collection of periphyton algae (August 2018), benthic macroinvertebrate (March 2017 and March 2018), and fish communities (April 2018). Physical stream habitat characteristics were assessed using qualitative (March 2017 and March 2018) and quantitative surveys (August 2018).
While not directly applicable, the State of Mississippi Water Quality Standards were used as reference to evaluate Tribal water quality. Physicochemical water-quality constituents—water temperature, specific conductance (SC), pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO)—were generally within natural ranges among sites and samples, with a few exceptions that exceeded existing Mississippi water-quality standards. pH and DO periodically were below the minimum State standards at some sampled sites. Specific conductance was also relatively high at both Wolf Creek sites but did not exceed the existing maximum standard for recreational waters.
The surface water among stream sites was predominantly calcium bicarbonate type, with a shift toward sodium-bicarbonate water type at the downstream Wolf Creek (Wolf DS) site. Major ion concentrations were generally highest at the Wolf Creek sites. Nutrient concentrations were also often highest at Wolf DS, but total nitrogen and total phosphorus periodically exceeded recommended State and Federal nutrient criteria thresholds among most sampled sites. Twenty-nine OWCs, including 10 known or suspected endocrine disruptors, were detected among sites. Concentrations of OWCs were relatively low, and only 19 percent of all detections were above the reporting level.
Concentrations of copper and nickel in streambed sediments were detected above consensus-based threshold-effect concentrations (TECs) at one site each, and arsenic and chromium exceeded TECs at most sites. Concentrations of all polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in streambed sediments were low and well below TECs at all sites.
The periphyton, macroinvertebrate, and fish communities at most sampled sites appear typical of central Mississippi streams; however, the diversity, composition, and abundance of taxa sampled from Wolf DS were particularly distinctive compared to other sampled stream sites. Periphyton taxa richness was low at both Wolf Creek sites, and both sites had greater abundances of diatom taxa, which are indicative of high nutrient concentrations, than of soft-algae taxa. Similarly, Wolf DS had relatively low macroinvertebrate diversity, the fewest Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera taxa, a high abundance of Tubificid taxa, and the lowest overall Mississippi-Benthic Index of Stream Quality score. Fish species richness was also relatively low at Wolf DS compared to some other sampled sites.
Habitat characteristics also appeared to be generally typical of most central Mississippi streams. Qualitative habitat assessment scores were at or above the regional least disturbed streams for Wolf DS, the upstream Wolf Creek (Wolf US) site, and Jones Creek. Habitat scores among the remaining sites indicate fair conditions. Quantitative and qualitative habitat characteristics indicate relatively lower habitat quality at the two Beasha Creek sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20225090","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians","usgsCitation":"Driver, L.J., Hicks, M.B., and Gill, A.C., 2022, Characterization of water quality, biology, and habitat of the Pearl River and selected tributaries contiguous to and within Tribal lands of the Pearl River Community of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, 2017–18: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2022–5090, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20225090.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 64 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"80","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-128827","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409703,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BX5Z48","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Habitat and biological assemblage data of streams within Tribal lands of the Pearl River Community of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, 2017–18"},{"id":409699,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5090/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":409700,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5090/sir20225090.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.39 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2022–5090"},{"id":409701,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5090/sir20225090.XML"},{"id":409702,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5090/images"},{"id":409704,"rank":6,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"—USGS water data for the Nation"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Pearl River Community","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89,\n 32.8667\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 32.8667\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 32.7333\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 32.7333\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 32.8667\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
640 Grassmere Park, Suite 100
Nashville, TN 37211
The Petro-Chemical Systems, Inc. (Turtle Bayou), Superfund site is 15 miles southeast of Liberty, Texas, in Liberty County. Improper disposal of waste oils led to contamination of soil and groundwater at the site. In cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Geological Survey collected water-quality samples from 11 monitoring wells at the site, in particular the area near well MW-109A (the MW-109 area), in August and September 2020 and compared the water-quality results to the results from previous water-quality sampling events at the site in June 2016 and August 2018 with a focus on benzene concentrations. Contours of groundwater-level altitudes in the MW-109 area indicate that groundwater-flow direction is south-southeasterly in the eastern part and south-southwesterly in the western part.
Of the 51 volatile organic compounds analyzed, 13 were detected in groundwater samples from 1 or more wells. In all but 1 well, MW-109A, concentrations of these compounds were less than 100 micrograms per liter. Benzene is still the principal contaminant of concern, as it persists at concentrations exceeding 53,000 micrograms per liter, although naphthalene also appears to be a contaminant of concern, as it was detected at the greatest concentration of any semivolatile organic compound analyte (1,100 micrograms per liter in the sample from well MW-109A).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20225104","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Braun, C.L., and Becher, K.D., 2022, Groundwater-level altitudes and groundwater-flow direction and nature and extent of volatile and semivolatile organic compounds at Petro-Chemical Systems, Inc. (Turtle Bayou), Superfund site, Liberty County, Texas, 2020: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2022–5104, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20225104.","productDescription":"Report: v, 17 p.; Data release","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-135616","costCenters":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411892,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20225104/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":409695,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5104/sir20225104.XML"},{"id":409693,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5104/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":409694,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5104/sir20225104.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.56 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2022–5104"},{"id":409697,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GX8YU7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Groundwater-level altitudes and volatile and semivolatile organic compound concentrations at the Petro-Chemical Systems, Inc. (Turtle Bayou) Superfund site, Liberty County, Texas, 2020"},{"id":409696,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5104/images"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Liberty County","otherGeospatial":"Petro-Chemical Systems, Inc. (Turtle Bayou), Superfund site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.7111,\n 29.9222\n ],\n [\n -94.7111,\n 29.9167\n ],\n [\n -94.6667,\n 29.9167\n ],\n [\n -94.6667,\n 29.9222\n ],\n [\n -94.7111,\n 29.9222\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, TX 78754–4501
It is important to routinely estimate loads from an entire watershed to describe current conditions and evaluate how watershed-wide management efforts have affected the nutrient and sediment export that affect downstream water quality. However, monitoring in most areas, including the Great Lakes watershed, consists of sampling at a limited number of sites that are only periodically used to estimate total watershed loading. Here, we describe a technique to extrapolate loads measured at a limited number of reference sites to the total load from a large watershed using load ratios between monitored sites and unmonitored areas obtained from a watershed model (i.e., model load ratio, MLR, approach). In this study, modeled nonpoint-source load ratios between monitored tributaries (reference sites) and nearby unmonitored areas and point-source delivery factors for all areas were obtained from a Spatially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) model and used to extrapolate the measured loads from an ongoing monitoring program (Great Lakes Restoration Initiative Tributary monitoring program) to the entire Great Lakes watershed. The MLR approach incorporates spatial variability in nonpoint- and point-source delivery, watershed characteristics, and hydrology that are often not considered when estimating loads from unmonitored areas, such as using the unit area load (UAL) extrapolation approach. The MLR approach provided smaller watershed loads than the UAL approach because yields from monitored sites, in general, were larger than from unmonitored areas. When both approaches were used to estimate loads at adjacent monitored sites, the MLR approach provided more accurate estimates than the UAL approach.
Stable hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur (HCNOS) isotope compositions expressed as isotope-delta values are typically reported relative to international standards such as Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW), Vienna Peedee belemnite (VPDB) or Vienna Cañon Diablo Troilite (VCDT). These international standards are chosen by convention and the calibration methods used to realise them in practice undergo occasional changes. To ensure longevity and reusability of published data, a comprehensive description of (1) analytical procedure, (2) traceability, (3) data processing, and (4) uncertainty evaluation is required. Following earlier International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry documents on terminology and notations, this paper proposes minimum requirements for publishing HCNOS stable-isotope delta results. Each of the requirements are presented with illustrative examples.
","language":"English","publisher":"De Gruyter","doi":"10.1515/pac-2021-1108","usgsCitation":"Skrzypek, G., Allison, C., Bohlke, J., Bontempo, L., Brewer, P., Camin, F., Carter, J.F., Chartrand, M.M., Coplen, T.B., Groning, M., Helie, J., Esquivel-Hernandez, G., Kraft, R., Magdas, D.A., Mann, J.L., Meija, J., Meijer, H.A., Moossen, H., Ogrinc, N., Perini, M., Possolo, A., Rogers, K., Schimmelmann, A., Shemesh, A., Soto, D.X., Thomas, F., Wielgosz, R., Winchester, M.R., Yan, Z., and Dunn, P.J., 2022, Minimum requirements for publishing hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur stable-isotope delta results (IUPAC Technical Report): Pure and Applied Chemistry, v. 94, no. 11-12, p. 1249-1255, https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2021-1108.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1249","endPage":"1255","ipdsId":"IP-135649","costCenters":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2021-1108","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":418125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"11-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skrzypek, Grzegorz 0000-0002-5686-2393","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5686-2393","contributorId":310369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skrzypek","given":"Grzegorz","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":67153,"text":"West Australian Biogeochemistry Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allison, Colin 0000-0002-3942-827X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3942-827X","contributorId":310370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allison","given":"Colin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":67154,"text":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - 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Here we quantified three metrics of temporal marsh resilience: time to marsh drowning, time to marsh tipping point, and the probability of a regime shift, defined as the conditional probability of a transition to an alternative super-optimal, suboptimal, or drowned state. We used organic matter content (loss on ignition, LOI) and peat age combined with the Coastal Wetland Equilibrium Model (CWEM) to track wetland development and resilience under different sea-level rise scenarios in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Delta) of California. A 100-year hindcast of the model showed excellent agreement (R2 = 0.96) between observed (2.86 mm/year) and predicted vertical accretion rates (2.98 mm/year) and correctly predicted a recovery in LOI (R2 = 0.76) after the California Gold Rush. Vertical accretion in the tidal freshwater marshes of the Delta is dominated by organic production. The large elevation range of the vegetation combined with high relative marsh elevation provides Delta marshes with resilience and elevation capital sufficiently great to tolerate centenary sea-level rise (CLSR) as high as 200 cm. The initial relative elevation of a marsh was a strong determinant of marsh survival time and tipping point. For a Delta marsh of average elevation, the tipping point at which vertical accretion no longer keeps up with the rate of sea-level rise is 50 years or more. Simulated, triennial additions of 6 mm of sediment via episodic atmospheric rivers increased the proportion of marshes surviving from 51% to 72% and decreased the proportion drowning from 49% to 28%. Our temporal metrics provide critical time frames for adaptively managing marshes, restoring marshes with the best chance of survival, and seizing opportunities for establishing migration corridors, which are all essential for safeguarding future habitats for sensitive species.
Outdoor recreation provides societal benefits that are often measured by the amount of use natural resource systems receive. Still, the amount of resource use natural resource systems receive is often unknown or unstudied. Monitoring and quantifying resource use is often logistically difficult and costly but is paramount to optimize societal benefits. Identifying a simple and readily available metric that can indicate the quantity of recreational use of natural resource systems would benefit natural resource management. Using recreational angler participation data during an 11-year study period from 73 public waterbodies in Nebraska, USA, we developed a resource size-use model that demonstrates the ability of natural resource system size to indicate the quantity of recreational use they receive. We demonstrate how resource size-use models can estimate use for unsampled systems, produce broad-scale estimations of use, guide the allocation of resources, and predict how changes in resource system size may affect use. Resource size-use models provide opportunities to manage recreational use, which has been previously elusive for social-ecological systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109711","usgsCitation":"Kane, D.S., Pope, K.L., Koupal, K.D., Pegg, M., Chizinski, C., and Kaemingk, M.A., 2022, Natural resource system size can be used for managing recreational use: Ecological Indicators, v. 145, 109711, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109711.","productDescription":"109711, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-136542","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109711","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"145","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kane, Derek S.","contributorId":341369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kane","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":270762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":908314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koupal, Keith D.","contributorId":341370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koupal","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":17640,"text":"Nebraska Game and Parks Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pegg, Mark A.","contributorId":341371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pegg","given":"Mark A.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chizinski, Christopher J.","contributorId":341372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chizinski","given":"Christopher J.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kaemingk, Mark A.","contributorId":341373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaemingk","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17628,"text":"University of North Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70238431,"text":"sir20225111 - 2022 - Stormwater quantity and quality in selected urban watersheds in Hampton Roads, Virginia, 2016–2020","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-23T15:12:52.022733","indexId":"sir20225111","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-23T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2022-5111","displayTitle":"Stormwater Quantity and Quality in Selected Urban Watersheds in Hampton Roads, Virginia, 2016–2020","title":"Stormwater quantity and quality in selected urban watersheds in Hampton Roads, Virginia, 2016–2020","docAbstract":"Urbanization can substantially alter sediment and nutrient loadings to streams. Although a growing body of literature has documented these processes, conditions may vary widely by region and physiographic province (PP). Substantial investments are made by localities to meet federal, state, and local water-quality goals and locally relevant monitoring data are needed to appropriately set standards and track progress. In 2016, a long-term stormwater monitoring program was initiated to characterize water-quality and streamflow conditions and compute average annual nutrient- and sediment-loading rates across the three dominant land-use types—commercial (COM), high-density residential, and single-family residential (SFR)—in the Hampton Roads metropolitan region within the Coastal Plain PP in southeastern Virginia. This report summarizes the first five years of data collection to (1) assess patterns in streamflow and water chemistry across the three major land-use types in the region; (2) compute annual sediment and nutrient loads; and (3) compare annual loading rates to those in other urbanized regions.
Patterns in watershed hydrology characteristics and conditions were similar to those observed in other urban monitoring studies. Base-flow indices were lower and stream flashiness indices were higher in the study watersheds compared to those in less developed reference watersheds. These patterns reflect a decrease in infiltration and consequent increase in storm runoff as a result of urbanization. Stream flashiness was strongly positively related to degree of impervious land cover and negatively to watershed area. Hydrologic metrics varied across the land-use gradient, reflecting greater and more rapid runoff in the COM watersheds than in SFR watersheds. Event-based analyses conducted exclusively on periods of runoff highlight longer duration events, longer time-to-peak streamflow, and a longer lag between peak precipitation and peak streamflow in SFR watersheds, and higher stormflow yields, runoff ratios, and peak flows in COM watersheds. Event-based metrics varied seasonally because of regional meteorological patterns.
Concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS) and total phosphorus (TP) were positively correlated to streamflow, whereas concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) varied little across the hydrologic regime. Phosphorus composition varied spatially and seasonally—the proportion of orthophosphate (PO43-) was highest in samples collected from stations draining residential land-use types and was elevated in summer and fall. Nitrogen composition varied with hydrologic condition: nitrate plus nitrite (NO3-) dominance during base flow shifted to total organic nitrogen (TON) dominance during periods of runoff. For all three major constituents (TSS, TP, and TN), concentrations were highest in SFR watersheds, whereas yields were greatest in COM watersheds. This seeming contradiction in concentration and yield across land-use types occurred because of spatial differences in streamflow yield.
The network average TSS yield in Hampton Roads was lower than that in comparable networks in Fairfax County, Virginia, and Gwinnett County, Georgia, a difference that may reflect dissimilarities in the topographic and soil characteristics of the Coastal Plain versus those in Piedmont PPs, as well as differences in engineered concrete stormwater conveyances versus earthen streams. The average annual TP yield in Hampton Roads was higher than averages reported in comparison studies and was primarily driven by elevated PO43-. Elevated PO43- yields may be related to unique soil and geological features of the Coastal Plain PP that limit phosphorus retention. Total nitrogen yields in the Hampton Roads and Fairfax County networks were similar; however, composition did vary, with greater total organic nitrogen yields in Hampton Roads and greater NO3- yields in Fairfax County.
Cross-correlation analyses and mass-volume curves were used to assess the timing of sediment and nutrient loadings. The majority of TSS and TP was typically transported during the initial phase of a storm-runoff event, a phenomenon commonly termed the “first flush.” Although TN concentrations typically peaked within an hour of peak streamflow, reflecting the particulate dominance of TN during stormflows, and loadings were greater during the early phase of most storm events, the stricter first-flush criterion was rarely met. This suggests that the most abundant sources of TN in these watersheds are not as directly connected to the stormwater-conveyance system as are TSS and TP.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20225111","isbn":"978-1-4113-4488-4","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Hampton Roads Planning District Commission","usgsCitation":"Porter, A.J., 2022, Stormwater quantity and quality in selected urban watersheds in Hampton Roads, Virginia, 2016–2020: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2022–5111, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20225111.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 77 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"77","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-140434","costCenters":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409552,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20225111/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2022-5111"},{"id":409543,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XMPEND","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Inputs and selected outputs used to assess stormwater quality and quantity in twelve urban watersheds in Hampton Roads, Virginia, 2016–2020"},{"id":409542,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5111/images/"},{"id":409539,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5111/sir20225111.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2022-5111"},{"id":409541,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5111/sir20225111.XML"},{"id":409538,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2022/5111/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Hampton Roads","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.14335620670732,\n 36.90313369880009\n ],\n [\n -76.31812685340054,\n 37.07905097755574\n ],\n [\n -76.51786473533596,\n 37.10821243098252\n ],\n [\n -76.55620727517176,\n 37.13025388344366\n ],\n [\n -76.59365716752067,\n 37.16650105362895\n ],\n [\n -76.62219115065432,\n 37.1295423598058\n ],\n [\n -76.47773786104024,\n 37.03208397181615\n ],\n [\n -76.4179948338545,\n 36.95587973488442\n ],\n [\n -76.23519900440459,\n 36.804670263024434\n ],\n [\n -76.11036282819533,\n 36.821803342395526\n ],\n [\n -76.14335620670732,\n 36.90313369880009\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center
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1730 East Parham Road
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It is now well established that earthquakes cause various hydrogeological responses at distances thousands of kilometers from the epicenter. What remains unexplained is the large amplitude and intensity of some responses. Following the 2004 Mw 9.1 Sumatra earthquake, groundwater 3,200 km from the epicenter erupted violently from a well and formed a water fountain reaching a height exceeding 60 m. We model the relevant processes by combining tidal analysis of groundwater level with numerical simulations using a two-dimensional finite-element model. We suggest that the eruption resulted from a combination of factors, including a rapid increase of crustal permeability and runaway CO2 exsolution and bubble nucleation induced by the passage of seismic waves. Our results may have implications for some engineering applications such as oil production and CO2 sequestration, and the eruption of hydrothermal features such as geysers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2022GL101239","usgsCitation":"Yan, X., Shi, Z., Wang, C., Ingebritsen, S.E., and Manga, M., 2022, Violent groundwater eruption triggered by a distant earthquake: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 49, no. 23, e2022GL101239, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101239.","productDescription":"e2022GL101239, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-141694","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":445834,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2022gl101239","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":410471,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 115.816667,\n 24.916667\n ],\n [\n 115.816667,\n 24.75\n ],\n [\n 116.033333,\n 24.75\n ],\n [\n 116.033333,\n 24.916667\n ],\n [\n 115.816667,\n 24.916667\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yan, Xin","contributorId":299915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yan","given":"Xin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":859007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shi, Zheming","contributorId":299913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shi","given":"Zheming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64978,"text":"China University of Geosciences - Beijing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Chi-Yuen","contributorId":131171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Chi-Yuen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7102,"text":"University of California, Berkeley, Dept. of Civil & Envir. Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingebritsen, Steven E. 0000-0001-6917-9369 seingebr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-9369","contributorId":818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"Steven","email":"seingebr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":859010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Manga, Michael 0000-0003-3286-4682","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3286-4682","contributorId":265640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manga","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70238560,"text":"70238560 - 2022 - A review of current capabilities and science gaps in water supply data, modeling, and trends for water availability assessments in the Upper Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-29T13:18:15.018564","indexId":"70238560","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-23T07:12:19","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of current capabilities and science gaps in water supply data, modeling, and trends for water availability assessments in the Upper Colorado River Basin","docAbstract":"Over the past century, piñon and juniper trees have encroached into sagebrush steppe lands of the interior United States, and managers have for many years removed trees to stimulate the favored understory. While consistent understory response to tree removal in these semiarid lands suggests that trees outcompete other plants for water, no studies have linked increased soil water to understory response after tree removal. We tested the hypothesis that tree removal at six sagebrush steppe sites increased soil water, leading to increased understory plant cover. Using a structural equation model, we found that before tree removal, trees suppressed shrubs (standardized coefficient [SC] = −0.87), perennial deep-rooted (SC = −0.50) and shallow-rooted bunchgrasses (SC = −0.36), but had no influence on cheatgrass. The model explained between 2% (cheatgrass) and 40% (shrubs) of pretreatment cover variation. Measurement of the same plots six years post-treatment showed that most cover variation was due directly to plant growth, with standardized coefficients between 0.51 (perennial shallow-rooted grasses) and 0.72 (cheatgrass). Competition between cheatgrass and perennial deep-rooted grasses was evident, with perennials having twice the influence on cheatgrass than vice-versa (SC = −0.24 vs. −0.11). Spring soil water (wet-degree days) increased significantly after tree removal, measured as cumulative over 6 years (SC = 0.30), and in the early Spring of year six (SC = 0.16). Treatment-induced increase of cumulative Spring wet degree-days explained variation in shrub cover at year 6 (SC = 0.12) and the increase of early Spring wet degree-days at year 6 led to increases in perennial deep-rooted grasses (SC = 0.24) and cheatgrass (SC = 0.23). We detected no influence of Spring wet degree-days on perennial shallow-rooted grasses. The post-treatment model explained between 34% (shallow-rooted perennial grasses) and 69% (deep-rooted perennial grasses) of variation in understory cover. Most variation was explained by re-measurement of the same populations, followed by treatment effects mediated through increased soil water availability, soil factors, and direct effects of the treatment itself. In conclusion, our model is consistent with the a priori hypothesis that additional wet degree-days due to tree removal is a significant mechanism behind observed increases in understory cover.