{"pageNumber":"1290","pageRowStart":"32225","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":28601,"text":"wri954068 - 1996 - Surface-water hydrology and runoff simulations for three basins in Pierce County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-18T22:44:15.196335","indexId":"wri954068","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4068","title":"Surface-water hydrology and runoff simulations for three basins in Pierce County, Washington","docAbstract":"The surface-water hydrology in Clear, Clarks, and Clover Creek Basins in central Pierce County, Washington, is described with a conceptual model of the runoff processes and then simulated with the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF), a continuous, deterministic hydrologic model. The study area is currently undergoing a rapid conversion of rural, undeveloped land to urban and suburban land that often changes the flow characteristics of the streams that drain these lands. The complex interactions of land cover, climate, soils, topography, channel characteristics, and ground- water flow patterns determine the surface-water hydrology of the study area and require a complex numerical model to assess the impact of urbanization on streamflows. The U.S. Geological Survey completed this investigation in cooperation with the Storm Drainage and Surface Water Management Utility within the Pierce County Department of Public Works to describe the important rainfall-runoff processes within the study area and to develop a simulation model to be used as a tool to predict changes in runoff characteristics resulting from changes in land use. The conceptual model, a qualitative representation of the study basins, links the physical characteristics to the runoff process of the study basins. The model incorporates 11 generalizations identified by the investigation, eight of which describe runoff from hillslopes, and three that account for the effects of channel characteristics and ground-water flow patterns on runoff. Stream discharge was measured at 28 sites and precipitation was measured at six sites for 3 years in two overlapping phases during the period of October 1989 through September 1992 to calibrate and validate the simulation model. Comparison of rainfall data from October 1989 through September 1992 shows the data-collection period beginning with 2 wet water years followed by the relatively dry 1992 water year. Runoff was simulated with two basin models-the Clover Creek Basin model and the Clear-Clarks Basin model-by incorporating the generalizations of the conceptual model into the construction of two HSPF numerical models. Initially, the process-related parameters for runoff from glacial-till hillslopes were calibrated with numerical models for three catchment sites and one headwater basin where streamflows were continuously measured and little or no influence from ground water, channel storage, or channel losses affected runoff. At one of the catchments soil moisture was monitored and compared with simulated soil moisture. The values for these parameters were used in the basin models. Basin models were calibrated to the first year of observed streamflow data by adjusting other parameters in the numerical model that simulated channel losses, simulated channel storage in a few of the reaches in the headwaters and in the floodplain of the main stem of Clover Creek, and simulated volume and outflow of the ground-water reservoir representing the regional ground-water aquifers. The models were run for a second year without any adjustments, and simulated results were compared with observed results as a measure of validation of the models. The investigation showed the importance of defining the ground-water flow boundaries and demonstrated a simple method of simulating the influence of the regional ground-water aquifer on streamflows. In the Clover Creek Basin model, ground-water flow boundaries were used to define subbasins containing mostly glacial outwash soils and not containing any surface drainage channels. In the Clear-Clarks Basin model, ground-water flow boundaries outlined a recharge area outside the surface-water boundaries of the basin that was incorporated into the model in order to provide sufficient water to balance simulated ground-water outflows to the creeks. A simulated ground-water reservoir used to represent regional ground-water flow processes successfully provided the proper water balance of inflows and outfl","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954068","usgsCitation":"Mastin, M.C., 1996, Surface-water hydrology and runoff simulations for three basins in Pierce County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4068, vi, 148 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954068.","productDescription":"vi, 148 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":412050,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48178.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":57430,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4068/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159103,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4068/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Pierce County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.25,\n              47.025\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.25,\n              47.2111\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              47.2111\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              47.025\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.25,\n              47.025\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a6f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastin, M. C.","contributorId":90782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26259,"text":"wri954229 - 1996 - Ground-water resources and water-supply alternatives in the Wawona area of Yosemite National Park, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-09T21:47:06.105387","indexId":"wri954229","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4229","title":"Ground-water resources and water-supply alternatives in the Wawona area of Yosemite National Park, California","docAbstract":"<p>Planning efforts to implement the 1980 General Management Plan, which recommends relocating park administrative facilities and employee housing from Yosemite Valley in Yosemite National Park, California, have focused on the availability of water at potential relocation sites within the park. Ground-water resources and water-supply alternatives in the Wawona area, one of several potential relocation sites, were evaluated between June 1991 and October 1993. </p><p>Ground water flowing from Biledo Spring near the headwaters of Rainier Creek, about 5 miles southeast of Wawona, is probably the most reliable source of good quality ground water for Wawona. A dilute calcium bicarbonate ground water flows from the spring at about 250 gallons per minute. No <i>Giardia</i> was detected in a water sample collected from Biledo Spring in July 1992. The concentration of dissolved <sup>222</sup>radon at Biledo Spring was 420 picoCuries per liter, exceeding the primary drinking-water standard of 300 picoCuries per liter proposed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This concentration, however, was considerably lower than the concentrations of dissolved <sup>222</sup>radon measured in ground water at Wawona. The median value for 15 wells sampled at Wawona was 4,500 picoCuries per liter.</p><p> Water-quality samples from 45 wells indicate that ground water in the South Fork Merced River valley at Wawona is segregated vertically. Shallow wells produce a dilute calcium sodium bicarbonate water that results from chemical dissolution of minerals as water flows through fractured granitic rock from hillside recharge areas toward the valley floor. Tritium concentrations indicate that ground water in the shallow wells originated as precipitation after the 1960's when testing of atmospheric nuclear devices stopped. Ground water from the deep flowing wells in the valley floor is older sodium calcium chloride water. This older water probably originated either as precipitation during a climatically cooler period or as precipitation from altitudes between 1,400 and 3,700 feet higher than precipitation that recharged the local shallow ground-water-flow system. Chloride and associated cations in the deepground-water-flow system may result from upward leakage of saline ground water or from leaching of saline fluid inclusions in the granitic rocks. </p><p>Water-level and pressure-gage measurements for 38 wells in the South Fork Merced River valley also indicate that the ground water in the valley is segregated vertically. Hydraulic head in deep fractures is as much as 160 feet above the valley floor. Vertical hydraulic gradients between the shallow and deep systems are as high as 4.5 feet per foot in one of two test holes drilled for this study. Measurements of in situ stress in the two test holes indicate that the vertical segregation of ground water may be related to pressures in the earth that squeeze horizontal fractures closed at depth. Fractures within a few hundred feet of land surface are poorly connected to fractures deeper beneath the valley. </p><p>About 100 privately owned wells currently are in use at Wawona; but, the ground-water-flow system may not be an adequate source of good quality ground water for relocated park facilities. Yields from existing wells are low (median 4-5 gallons per minute) and traditional methods for locating high-yielding wells in fractured rocks have not been successful in this area. Concentrations of dissolved <sup>222</sup>radon (median 4,500 picoCuries per liter) are high, and the development of deep ground water could cause deeper saline water to migrate upward into producing wells. </p><p>The South Fork Merced River, the primary source of water supply for Wawona, does not meet current demands during late summer and autumn. Data collected between 1958 and 1968 indicate that 25 percent of the time discharge of the South Fork River at Wawona during the dry season (August through October) was less than 2 cubic feet per second-the discharge rate at which the National Park Service is restricted from withdrawing water from the river. the river, however, could be relied on for additional water supply if facilities were constructed to divert and store water during periods of high flow for use later in the year.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954229","usgsCitation":"Borchers, J.W., 1996, Ground-water resources and water-supply alternatives in the Wawona area of Yosemite National Park, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4229, vii, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954229.","productDescription":"vii, 77 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411592,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48313.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55060,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4229/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121715,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4229/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Wawona area of Yosemite National Park,","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.6583,\n              37.5556\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.6583,\n              37.5333\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.625,\n              37.5333\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.625,\n              37.5556\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.6583,\n              37.5556\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696ed5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borchers, J. W.","contributorId":74414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borchers","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29534,"text":"wri954147 - 1996 - Low-flow characteristics at selected sites on streams in southern and western Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T10:50:25","indexId":"wri954147","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4147","title":"Low-flow characteristics at selected sites on streams in southern and western Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"<p>Knowledge of the magnitude and frequency of low flows is important for the optimal development of surface-water resources in Puerto Rico. This report presents analyses of low-flow data for 9 continuous-record gaging stations and 105 partial-record stations in southern and western Puerto Rico. The report includes analyses of lowflow data and tabulations of computed low-flow magnitude and frequency characteristics for 7-, 14-, 30-, 60-, and 90-consecutive days with recurrence intervals of 2 and 10 years for continuous-record gaging stations based on the log-Pearson Type III frequency distribution or graphically adjusted logPearson frequency curves. Estimates of low-flow characteristics are provided for partial-record stations for 7-, 14-, and 30-consecutive days with recurrence intervals of 2 and 10 years. Low-flow characteristics at partial-record stations were estimated based on the relation of base-flow discharge measurements at the partial-record stations and concurrent discharges at nearby continuous-record stations. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954147","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority and the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board","usgsCitation":"Santiago-Rivera, L., 1996, Low-flow characteristics at selected sites on streams in southern and western Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4147, viii, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954147.","productDescription":"viii, 46 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Luis","contributorId":83888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santiago-Rivera","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28826,"text":"wri954191 - 1996 - Hydrologic and chemical interaction of the Arkansas River and the <i>Equus</i> Beds aquifer between Hutchinson and Wichita, south-central Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T11:30:35","indexId":"wri954191","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4191","title":"Hydrologic and chemical interaction of the Arkansas River and the <i>Equus</i> Beds aquifer between Hutchinson and Wichita, south-central Kansas","docAbstract":"<p>Large chloride concentrations in Arkansas River water have the potential to degrade water quality in the adjacent <i>Equus</i> beds aquifer between Hutchinson and Wichita, Kansas. The aquifer is an important source of water for municipal, industrial, agricultural, and domestic uses. </p><p>A three-dimensional, finite-difference, ground-water flow-model program (MODFLOW) was used with data from past studies and data collected during 1988-91 to simulate aquifer and stream conditions during the late 1930's, during 1940-89, and during 1990-2019. Results of ground-water flow-model simulations indicated that declining water levels in the <i>Equus</i> beds aquifer since the 1940's have caused base flow in the Arkansas and Little Arkansas Rivers to decrease. In 1940, the Arkansas and Little Arkansas Rivers had simulated net base-flow gains within the model area of about 21 and about 67 ft<sup>3</sup>/s (cubic feet per second), respectively. By the end of 1989, the Arkansas River had a simulated net base-flow loss of about 52 ft<sup>3</sup>/s, and the Little Arkansas River had a net base-flow gain of about 27 ft<sup>3</sup>/s. Simulations for 1990-2019 showed that the water-level changes in a selected model cell located in the central part of the Wichita well field could range from -0.2 to -78 feet. Waterlevel changes in a selected model cell located near the Arkansas River could range from +1.3 to -1.2 feet. In model simulations where only pumpage varied, net base-flow loss from the Arkansas River to the aquifer ranged from about 59 ft<sup>3</sup>/s (no increase in pumpage since 1989) to 117 ft<sup>3</sup>/s (a 3-percent per year increase in pumpage since 1989) by 2019. </p><p>Assuming a chloride concentration of 630 milligrams per liter, the median concentration in Arkansas River water collected during 1988-91, the quantity of chloride discharged from the Arkansas River to the aquifer was estimated to have increased from about 21 tons per day in 1940 to about 100 tons per day in 1989. By 2019, chloride discharge was indicated to range from about 110 tons per day (associated with no increase in pumpage since 1989) to 200 tons per day (associated with a 3-percent per year increase in pumpage since 1989). </p><p>A particle-tracking program (MODPATH), which used the results from the flow model, was used to simulate the distribution in the aquifer of chloride from the river during the same time periods. Particle-tracking simulations show that, during 1940-89, the simulated distribution of particles representing chloride from the Arkansas River expanded from relatively narrow bands near the river to a wider distribution within the aquifer and the Wichita well field. Particle-tracking simulations indicate that chloride discharge from the Arkansas River may have reached the edge of the Wichita well field as early as 1963.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954191","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Water Office, the Equus Beds Groundwater Management District No. 2, and the Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Department of the Interior","usgsCitation":"Myers, N.C., Hargadine, G., and Gillespie, J.B., 1996, Hydrologic and chemical interaction of the Arkansas River and the <i>Equus</i> Beds aquifer between Hutchinson and Wichita, south-central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4191, Report: viii, 100 p.; 2 Plates: 27.30 x 41.80 inches and 34.95 x 36.18 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954191.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 100 p.; 2 Plates: 27.30 x 41.80 inches and 34.95 x 36.18 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":57686,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4191/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"21.88 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":118897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4191/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":344896,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4191/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"2.86 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 1"},{"id":344897,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4191/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"2.92 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.2,\n              37.7\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.1,\n              37.7\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.1,\n              38.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.2,\n              38.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.2,\n              37.7\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6117d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myers, N. C.","contributorId":13622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hargadine, G.D.","contributorId":93927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hargadine","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gillespie, Joe B.","contributorId":21194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillespie","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70018711,"text":"70018711 - 1996 - Merged GLORIA sidescan and hydrosweep pseudo-sidescan: Processing and creation of digital mosaics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-09T16:57:19.257568","indexId":"70018711","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2668,"text":"Marine Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Merged GLORIA sidescan and hydrosweep pseudo-sidescan: Processing and creation of digital mosaics","docAbstract":"<p>We have replaced the usual band of poor-quality data in the near-nadir region of our GLORIA long-range sidescan-sonar imagery with a shaded-relief image constructed from swath bathymetry data (collected simultaneously with GLORIA) which completely cover the nadir area. We have developed a technique to enhance these \"pseudo-sidescan\" images in order to mimic the neighbouring GLORIA backscatter intensities. As a result, the enhanced images greatly facilitate the geologic interpretation of the adjacent GLORIA data, and geologic features evident in the GLORIA data may be correlated with greater confidence across track. Features interpreted from the pseudo-sidescan may be extrapolated from the near-nadir region out into the GLORIA range where they may not have been recognized otherwise, and therefore the pseudo-sidescan can be used to ground-truth GLORIA interpretations. Creation of digital sidescan mosaics utilized an approach not previously used for GLORIA data. Pixels were correctly placed in cartographic space and the time required to complete a final mosaic was significantly reduced. Computer software for digital mapping and mosaic creation is incorporated into the newly-developed Woods Hole Image Processing System (WHIPS) which can process both low- and high-frequency sidescan, and can interchange data with the Mini Image Processing System (MIPS) most commonly used for GLORIA processing. These techniques are tested by creating digital mosaics of merged GLORIA sidescan and Hydrosweep pseudo-sidescan data from the vicinity of the Juan Fernandez microplate along the East Pacific Rise (EPR).&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/BF00313879","issn":"00253235","usgsCitation":"Bird, R., Searle, R.C., Paskevich, V., and Twichell, D., 1996, Merged GLORIA sidescan and hydrosweep pseudo-sidescan: Processing and creation of digital mosaics: Marine Geophysical Research, v. 18, no. 6, p. 651-661, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00313879.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"651","endPage":"661","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227178,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5438e4b0c8380cd6cf01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bird, R.T.","contributorId":97263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Searle, R. C.","contributorId":94317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Searle","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paskevich, V.","contributorId":61583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paskevich","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Twichell, D.C.","contributorId":84304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70018705,"text":"70018705 - 1996 - Use of archaeology to date liquefaction features and seismic events in the New Madrid seismic zone, Central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-18T16:44:21.717116","indexId":"70018705","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1750,"text":"Geoarchaeology - An International Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of archaeology to date liquefaction features and seismic events in the New Madrid seismic zone, Central United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Prehistoric earthquake-induced liquefaction features occur in association with Native American occupation horizons in the New Madrid seismic zone. Age control of these liquefaction features, including sand-blow deposits, sand-blow craters, and sand dikes, can be accomplished by extensive sampling and flotation processing of datable materials as well as archaeobotanical analysis of associated archaeological horizons and pits. This approach increases both the amount of carbon for radiocarbon dating and the precision dating of artifact assemblages. Using this approach, we dated liquefaction features at four sites northwest of Blytheville, Arkansas, and found that at least one significant earthquake occurred in the New Madrid seismic zone between A.D. 1180 and 1400, probably about A.D. 1300 ± 100 yr. In addition, we found three buried sand blows that formed between 3340 B.C. and A.D. 780. In this region where very large to great earthquakes appear to be closely timed, archaeology is helping to develop a paleoearthquake chronology for the New Madrid seismic zone.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1520-6548(199612)11:6<451::AID-GEA1>3.0.CO;2-5","usgsCitation":"Tuttle, M.P., Lafferty, R.H., Guccione, M.J., Schweig, E.S., Lopinot, N., Cande, R.F., Dyer-Williams, K., and Haynes, M., 1996, Use of archaeology to date liquefaction features and seismic events in the New Madrid seismic zone, Central United States: Geoarchaeology - An International Journal, v. 11, no. 6, p. 451-480, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6548(199612)11:6<451::AID-GEA1>3.0.CO;2-5.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"451","endPage":"480","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[{"id":49157,"text":"Rocky Mountain Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227045,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Kentucky, Missouri, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"New Madrid seismic zone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.5471490389159,\n              37.28048218311753\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.52456626121813,\n              36.15225633811269\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.64186493486928,\n              36.099622542877626\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.5962492311921,\n              35.8147840859061\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.8373584286405,\n              35.26331821427357\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.52456125676353,\n              34.62228415348228\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.10099094301489,\n              35.14084015972182\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.2343237761567,\n              36.57206126433192\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.11703620141296,\n              36.93231579630226\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.214777063086,\n              37.0052067339502\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.29948663045492,\n              36.96877256852157\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.5471490389159,\n              37.28048218311753\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbebee4b08c986b329767","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tuttle, Martitia P.","contributorId":139388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tuttle","given":"Martitia","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12760,"text":"Tuttle and Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":380504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, Robert H. III","contributorId":51059,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Robert","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guccione, Margaret J.","contributorId":24935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guccione","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schweig, Eugene S. III 0000-0003-3669-9741","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3669-9741","contributorId":229461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schweig","given":"Eugene","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12608,"text":"USGS, retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":380500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lopinot, N.","contributorId":84925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopinot","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cande, Robert F.","contributorId":90481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cande","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dyer-Williams, Kathleen","contributorId":266054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyer-Williams","given":"Kathleen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54871,"text":"VanLeen and Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":380501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Haynes, Marion","contributorId":72144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haynes","given":"Marion","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70178561,"text":"70178561 - 1996 - In vivo/in vitro comparison of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-28T13:56:30","indexId":"70178561","displayToPublicDate":"1996-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3612,"text":"Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In vivo/in vitro comparison of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77)","docAbstract":"<p><span>The rat hepatoma cell line, H4IIE, serves as a useful tool to assess potential biological effects such as induction of cytochrome P4501A1 expression. The objectives of this study were twofold: to investigate the kinetic time course and dosimetry of PCB77 in rat hepatoma cells dosed with PCB77 and in liver of rats given ip doses of PCB77, and to compare</span><i>in vitro</i><span>and</span><i>in vivo</i><span>P4501A1 enzyme induction responses. For the 4-day time–course study, H4IIE cells were exposed with two doses of [</span><sup>14</sup><span>C]PCB77 (0.9 and 3 μg/plate) and harvested at 15 and 30 min, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 hr, and 1, 2, 3, and 4 days. PCB77-derived radioactivity was detected in the cells as early as 15 min postdosing. For the dose–response study, the cells were dosed with various concentrations of PCB77 (0.00316–5.37 μg/plate) and harvested on Day 3 since ethoxyresorufin</span><i>O</i><span>-deethylase (EROD) activity</span><i>in vitro</i><span>reached its maximum on the third day postdosing. Time–course and dose–response studies revealed that only 1–3% of the total delivered dose was found in the cells, with the remainder in the media and adhering to the culture plates. For the dose–response study</span><i>in vivo,</i><span>male Fischer rats were dosed with a single ip injection of various concentrations of PCB77 (0.1–50 mg/kg body wt) and euthanized on Day 3. PCB77-derived radioactivity and EROD induction</span><i>in vivo</i><span>were measured. When EROD activity and PCB77-derived radioactivity in the rat hepatoma cells and in the rat liver were compared on an equivalent weight basis, there was a significant correlation (</span><i>r</i><sup>2</sup><span>= 0.985) between them. Prior to this study, no information on quantitative dosimetry and EROD activities of PCB77 has been reported to validate the</span><i>in vitro</i><span>assay with</span><i>in vivo</i><span>data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/taap.1996.0309","usgsCitation":"Yu, K.O., Tillitt, D.E., Byczkowski, J.Z., Burton, G.A., Channel, S.R., Drerup, J.M., Flemming, C.D., and Fisher, J.W., 1996, In vivo/in vitro comparison of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77): Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, v. 141, no. 2, p. 434-438, https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.1996.0309.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"434","endPage":"438","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331245,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"141","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"583d5036e4b0d9329c80c5a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yu, Kyung O.","contributorId":176652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yu","given":"Kyung","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byczkowski, Janusz Z.","contributorId":177037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byczkowski","given":"Janusz","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burton, G. Allen Jr.","contributorId":111752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Allen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Channel, Stephen R.","contributorId":177038,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Channel","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Drerup, Joanne M.","contributorId":177039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drerup","given":"Joanne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Flemming, Carlyle D.","contributorId":177040,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flemming","given":"Carlyle","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fisher, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":177041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisher","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70267391,"text":"70267391 - 1996 - EDC DAAC: Serving the land processes science community","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-22T13:40:28.804484","indexId":"70267391","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-11T10:38:25","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"EDC DAAC: Serving the land processes science community","docAbstract":"<p><span>The primary objective of the Earth Resources Observation System (EROS) Data Center (EDC) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) for land processes data is to promote the interdisciplinary study and understanding of the integrated Earth system by providing remotely sensed and related ancillary data for the study, characterization, and monitoring of natural and anthropogenic conditions and processes existing and operating at or near the land surface. Generating, distributing, and preserving data and products from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) earth observing system (EOS) are primary functions of the DAAC. To that end, the EDC DAAC is using existing data sets in developing capabilities to efficiently and effectively ingest, process, manage, distribute, and archive for future generations land-related data collected by EOS sensors. Capabilities also are being developed to help users search for and acquire data and products, as well as to support their scientific application of those data and products. EDC DAAC programs and capability development activities address DAAC-defined science support requirements that relate to a broad spectrum of services and capabilities needed by science users.</span></p>","conferenceTitle":"1996 International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation","conferenceDate":"August 4-9, 1996","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","publisher":"SPIE","doi":"10.1117/12.258106","usgsCitation":"Bailey, G.B., and Oleson, L.R., 1996, EDC DAAC: Serving the land processes science community, 1996 International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, v. 2820, Denver, CO, August 4-9, 1996, p. 259-267, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.258106.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"259","endPage":"267","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486288,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2820","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bailey, G. Bryan","contributorId":22689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Bryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":938071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oleson, Lyndon R.","contributorId":31904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oleson","given":"Lyndon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":938072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018580,"text":"70018580 - 1996 - Adjustment of regional regression equations for urban storm-runoff quality using at-site data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-01T15:40:10.138797","indexId":"70018580","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3647,"text":"Transportation Research Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adjustment of regional regression equations for urban storm-runoff quality using at-site data","docAbstract":"Regional regression equations have been developed to estimate urban storm-runoff loads and mean concentrations using a national data base. Four statistical methods using at-site data to adjust the regional equation predictions were developed to provide better local estimates. The four adjustment procedures are a single-factor adjustment, a regression of the observed data against the predicted values, a regression of the observed values against the predicted values and additional local independent variables, and a weighted combination of a local regression with the regional prediction. Data collected at five representative storm-runoff sites during 22 storms in Little Rock, Arkansas, were used to verify, and, when appropriate, adjust the regional regression equation predictions. Comparison of observed values of stormrunoff loads and mean concentrations to the predicted values from the regional regression equations for nine constituents (chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, total nitrogen as N, total ammonia plus organic nitrogen as N, total phosphorus as P, dissolved phosphorus as P, total recoverable copper, total recoverable lead, and total recoverable zinc) showed large prediction errors ranging from 63 percent to more than several thousand percent. Prediction errors for 6 of the 18 regional regression equations were less than 100 percent and could be considered reasonable for water-quality prediction equations. The regression adjustment procedure was used to adjust five of the regional equation predictions to improve the predictive accuracy. For seven of the regional equations the observed and the predicted values are not significantly correlated. Thus neither the unadjusted regional equations nor any of the adjustments were appropriate. The mean of the observed values was used as a simple estimator when the regional equation predictions and adjusted predictions were not appropriate.","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1177/0361198196152300117","issn":"03611981","usgsCitation":"Barks, C., 1996, Adjustment of regional regression equations for urban storm-runoff quality using at-site data: Transportation Research Record, v. 1523, no. 1, p. 141-146, https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198196152300117.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"146","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227124,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","city":"Little Rock","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.38339893099169,\n              34.86270521495865\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.38339893099169,\n              34.68887462936465\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.16023799888761,\n              34.68887462936465\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.16023799888761,\n              34.86270521495865\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.38339893099169,\n              34.86270521495865\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"1523","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6f7e4b0c8380cd4775f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barks, C. S.","contributorId":66712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barks","given":"C. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":68468,"text":"ha694D - 1996 - Hydrogeology of structurally extended terrain in the eastern Great Basin of Nevada, Utah, and adjacent states, from geologic and geophysical models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-28T11:24:22","indexId":"ha694D","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"694","chapter":"D","title":"Hydrogeology of structurally extended terrain in the eastern Great Basin of Nevada, Utah, and adjacent states, from geologic and geophysical models","docAbstract":"<p>The Great Basin of the western United States encompasses most of Nevada and western Utah (fig. 1). The climate of the region is semiarid to arid, with most precipitation falling as winter Show. The region is characterized by internal drainage (generally no hydrologic outlet to the ocean). Water resources in the region are limited and nearly all reliable surface-water sources have been allocated for use. The most commonly used aquifers arc sand-and-gravel basin-fill deposits in structural basins of the region. In many basins, pumpage from the basin-fill aquifers is as much as (or more than) the safe yield.<br />Consequently, aquifers other than basin fill are being assessed in the eastern Great Basin to determine where and how much additional ground water is present and what might be the effects of development. This study was part of the Nevada Carbonate Aquifers Program, in cooperation with the State of Nevada, Las Vegas Valley Water District, City of North Las Vegas, and the Bureau of Reclamation. This atlas presents a conceptual model of the geologic and hydrologic features of structurally extended terrains in the eastern Great Basin. First, the model is described and major structural features are compared with regional groundwater flow patterns. Second, the validity of the conceptual hydrogeologic model is evaluated using geophysical data and geologic models derived from geophysical profiles.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha694D","isbn":"0607857579","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M.D., and Schaefer, D.H., 1996, Hydrogeology of structurally extended terrain in the eastern Great Basin of Nevada, Utah, and adjacent states, from geologic and geophysical models: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 694, Plate 1: 44.32 inches x 36.59 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha694D.","productDescription":"Plate 1: 44.32 inches x 36.59 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/694d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":278763,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/694d/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"5000000","country":"United States","state":"Nevada;Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -12.166666666666666,35 ], [ -12.166666666666666,40 ], [ -11.333333333333334,40 ], [ -11.333333333333334,35 ], [ -12.166666666666666,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ee4b07f02db6152a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":278285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schaefer, Donald H.","contributorId":77507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27995,"text":"wri964025 - 1996 - Geographic, geologic, and hydrologic summaries of intermontane basins of the northern Rocky Mountains, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:40","indexId":"wri964025","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4025","title":"Geographic, geologic, and hydrologic summaries of intermontane basins of the northern Rocky Mountains, Montana","docAbstract":"This report combines a literature review with new information to provide summaries of the geography, geology, and hydrology of each of 32 intermontane basins in western Montana. The summary of each intermontane basin includes concise descriptions of topography, areal extent, altitude, climate, 1990 population, land and water use, geology, surface water, aquifer hydraulic characteristics, ground-water flow, and ground-water quality. If present, geothermal features are described. Average annual and monthly temperature and precipitation are reported from one National Weather Service station in each basin. Streamflow data, including the drainage area, period of record, and average, minimum, and maximum historical streamflow, are reported for all active and discontinued USGS streamflow-gaging stations in each basin. Monitoring-well data, including the well depth, aquifer, period of record, and minimum and maximum historical water levels, are reported for all long-term USGS monitoring wells in each basin. Brief descriptions of geologic, geophysical, and potentiometric- surface maps available for each basin also are included. The summary for each basin also includes a bibliography of hydrogeologic literature. When used alone or in conjunction with regional RASA reports, this report provides a practical starting point for site-specific hydrogeologic investigations.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964025","usgsCitation":"Kendy, E., and Tresch, R., 1996, Geographic, geologic, and hydrologic summaries of intermontane basins of the northern Rocky Mountains, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4025, xii, 233 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964025.","productDescription":"xii, 233 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4025/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56821,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4025/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56822,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4025/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8fd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendy, Eloise","contributorId":63841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendy","given":"Eloise","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tresch, R.E.","contributorId":30646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tresch","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26501,"text":"wri944020 - 1996 - Low-flow characteristics of streams in Maryland and Delaware","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T08:39:11","indexId":"wri944020","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4020","title":"Low-flow characteristics of streams in Maryland and Delaware","docAbstract":"<p>Hydrologic information on the variability of streamflow during low-flow periods is needed for the effective management of surface-water resources in Maryland and Delaware. Low-flow characteristics derived from streamflow under natural conditions are presented for 94 continuousrecord gaging stations in Maryland, Delaware, and surrounding States, and for 131 low-flow partial-record gaging stations in Maryland and Delaware. Methods are developed to estimate low-flow characteristics at ungaged stream sites for average 7-, 14-, and 30-consecutive-day lowflow discharges for recurrence intervals of 2, 10, and 20 years. The methods are applicable to unregulated streams in Maryland and Delaware for watersheds having drainage areas ranging from 2.0 to 875 square miles.</p><p>Maryland and Delaware are divided into four regions on the basis of physiography and the results of regression analyses. The regions are the Eastern Shore region in Maryland and Delaware, the eastern-Piedmont region in Maryland, the western region in Maryland, and the southern region in Maryland. Equations are developed from regression analyses to estimate lowflow characteristics at ungaged sites on ungaged streams for the Eastern Shore region, the easternPiedmont region, and the western region. A generalized least-squares multiple-regression technique is used to develop the estimation equations that relate average 7-, 14-, and 30- consecutive-day low-flow discharges for recurrence intervals of 2, 10, and 20 years to physical and climatological features of drainage basins in the study area. Adjustments are necessary to low-flow discharges estimated from the equation for the western region because of the effects of carbonate rocks on low flows. The adjustment method is based on analysis of the residuals of regional estimation equations and the percentage of the basin underlain by carbonate rocks. An equation is developed on the basis of a distance-weighted average of low-flow discharges at gaging stations to estimate low flow characteristics at ungaged sites on ungaged streams for the southern region. Estimates of the accuracy of low-flow characteristics determined from all regional equations are provided. </p><p>Two methods are presented for estimating low-flow characteristics at ungaged sites on gaged streams. One method combines low-flow characteristics determined from gaging station data with results from the regional regression equation at the gaging station and at the ungaged site to estimate the low-flow characteristics either upstream or downstream from the gaging station. The other method estimates low-flow characteristics at ungaged sites between gaging stations using a graphical solution. Estimates of accuracy of the low-flow characteristics determined by these methods also are provided. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri944020","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Maryland Geological Survey and the Maryland Water Resources Administration with the partial support of the Delaware Geological Survey and the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control","usgsCitation":"Carpenter, D.H., and Hayes, D., 1996, Low-flow characteristics of streams in Maryland and Delaware: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4020, Report: iv, 113 p.; 10 Plates: 20.51 x 40.38 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944020.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 113 p.; 10 Plates: 20.51 x 40.38 inches or 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,{"id":24628,"text":"ofr96162 - 1996 - Geohydrology and conceptual model of a ground-water-flow system near a Superfund site in Cheshire, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:28","indexId":"ofr96162","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-162","title":"Geohydrology and conceptual model of a ground-water-flow system near a Superfund site in Cheshire, Connecticut","docAbstract":"Degradation of ground-water quality has been identified in an area of the north-central part of the town of Cheshire, Connecticut. An investigation by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, was done during 1994-95 to characterize the unconsolidated glacial deposits and the sedimentary bedrock, integrate the local geohydrologic conditions with the regional geohydrologic system, and develop a conceptual understanding of ground-water flow in the study area. A regional ground-water-flow model developed for the region near the study area indicates that perennial streams, including Judd Brook and the Tenmile River, form hydrologic divides that separate the larger region into hydraulically independent flow systems. In the local study area, synoptic water-level measurements made in June 1995 indicate that ground water near the water table flows west and southwestward from the low hill on the eastern side of the area toward the pond and wetlands along Judd Brook. Water-level data indicate that there is good hydraulic connection between the unconsolidated materials and underlying fractured bedrock. Unconsolidated materials in the study area consist principally of glacial stratified deposits that are fine sand, silt, and clay of glaci- olacustrine origin; locally these overlie thin glacial till. The glacial sediments range in thickness from a few feet to about 25 ft in the eastern part of the study area and are as much as 100 ft thick in the western and southern part of the study area beneath the Judd Brook and Tenmile River valleys. Fluvial redbeds of the New Haven Arkose underlie the glacial deposits in the region; in the study area, the redbeds consist of (1) channel sandstone units, which are coarse sandstone to fine conglomerate, generally in 6- to 15-ft- thick sequences; and (2) overbank mudstone units, which are siltstone and silty sandstone with some fine sandstone, generally in 6- to 50-ft-thick sequences. Thin-bedded zones of siltstone that are particularly fissile are present locally within the mudstone units. Rock units strike northward and dip eastward at about 20. The eastward-dipping strata are cut by a consistent set of west to west-northwest dipping, high-angle fractures. These fractures are oriented perpendicular to bedding and are present mostly in the channel sandstone units, but locally extend into the mudstone units as well. Borehole-geophysical logging indicates that ground water flows along bedding planes in fissile zones and between fissile zones in high-angle fractures, which are perpendicular to bedding. The combined fracture types form an aquifer system in which ground water follows a stair-step flowpath, flowing horizontally through fissile zones and vertically through high-angle fractures. Heat-pulse flow meter measurements and borehole fluid-conductivity and temperature logs indicate that only a small subset of the fissile zones and some high-angle fractures are hydraulically significant. A generalized local-scale ground-water flow model based on a nonspecific, but realistic, rock and fracture geometry was developed for the study area. Simulations show that under nonpumping conditions at a hypothetical well located in the middle of the model, ground-water flow was separated into upper and lower zones in which flow paths differed but were generally from northeast to southwest. Several short-duration aquifer tests conducted in the study area indicate that there is good hydraulic connection in the fractures between the pumping well (CS-221) and two bedrock wells located approximately 100 ft to the north and south along bedding strike. During the short duration of the aquifer tests, there was no hydraulic connection in bedrock wells located to the east, perpendicular to the strike. A range of transmissivity of 27 to 46 ft2/d was calculated from the aquifer-test data for the fractured-bedrock aquifer at CS-221 and TH-2. Individual fracture zones identified by bo","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96162","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Stone, J.R., Barlow, P.M., and Starn, J., 1996, Geohydrology and conceptual model of a ground-water-flow system near a Superfund site in Cheshire, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-162, vi, 88 p. :ill. (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96162.","productDescription":"vi, 88 p. :ill. (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0162/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53670,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0162/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8d88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, J. R.","contributorId":87964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barlow, P. M.","contributorId":63022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Starn, J.J.","contributorId":69591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starn","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":22094,"text":"ofr96276 - 1996 - Rationale and preliminary operational plan for a high-altitude magnetic survey over the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-06T13:37:28","indexId":"ofr96276","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-276","title":"Rationale and preliminary operational plan for a high-altitude magnetic survey over the United States","docAbstract":"<p>A proposed high-altitude survey of the U.S. with an ER-2 to collect radar data offers an exciting and cost-effective opportunity to collect magnetic anomaly data. At this workshop, a group of magnetic specialists addressed this opportunity by discussing the need for high-altitude magnetic data and by formulating a preliminary operational plan to acquire such data. The high-altitude aeromagnetic survey would provide critical data needed to expand our knowledge of the geomagnetic field, with applications to a variety of earth science issues including geology, tectonics, core-processes, and rock-magnetism. Test flights with a cesium magnetometer indicate that the ER-2 has the potential to measure the magnetic field at an accuracy of 2 nT or better along flight lines. If the national ER-2 survey is carried out, the successful collection of high-altitude magnetic data hinges on establishing a consortium of federal and state agencies, private industry, and academic institutions to provide the identified resources.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96276","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hildenbrand, T., Blakely, R., Bracken, R.E., Edwards, L., Hardwick, D., Hinze, W.J., Labson, V., Malliot, H., Nabighian, M., Nilsson, B., Phillips, J., Quinn, J., and Roest, W., 1996, Rationale and preliminary operational plan for a high-altitude magnetic survey over the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-276, ii, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96276.","productDescription":"ii, 55 p.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":153799,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0276/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51540,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0276/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6487fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildenbrand, T.G.","contributorId":83892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildenbrand","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blakely, R.J. 0000-0003-1701-5236","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":70755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bracken, R. E.","contributorId":98316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bracken","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, Lynn","contributorId":13266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lynn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hardwick, Doug","contributorId":31014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardwick","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hinze, W. J.","contributorId":52607,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinze","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Labson, Vic","contributorId":59061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labson","given":"Vic","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Malliot, Hal","contributorId":85617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malliot","given":"Hal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nabighian, Misac","contributorId":15227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nabighian","given":"Misac","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Nilsson, Bruno","contributorId":68763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilsson","given":"Bruno","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Phillips, Jeff","contributorId":32560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Jeff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Quinn, J.M.","contributorId":48591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinn","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Roest, Walter","contributorId":83555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roest","given":"Walter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":21780,"text":"ofr96262 - 1996 - Faults, lineaments, and earthquake epicenters digital map of the Pahute Mesa 30' x 60' quadrangle, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-15T17:53:11.688486","indexId":"ofr96262","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-262","title":"Faults, lineaments, and earthquake epicenters digital map of the Pahute Mesa 30' x 60' quadrangle, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>This map database, identified as Faults, lineaments, and earthquake epicenters digital map of the Pahute Mesa 30' X 60' quadrangle, Nevada, has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the USGS. Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. This digital map compilation incorporates fault, air photo lineament, and earthquake epicenter data from within the Pahute Mesa 30' by 60' quadrangle, southern Nye County, Nevada (fig. 1). The compilation contributes to the U.S. Department of Energy's Yucca Mountain Project, established to determine whether or not the Yucca Mountain site is suitable for the disposal of high-level nuclear waste. Studies of local and regional faulting and earthquake activity, including the features depicted in this compilation, are carried out to help characterize seismic hazards and tectonic processes that may be relevant to the future stability of Yucca Mountain. The Yucca Mountain site is located in the central part of the Beatty 30' by 60' quadrangle approximately 15 km south of the south edge of the Pahute Mesa quadrangle (fig. 1). The U.S. Geological Survey participates in studies of the Yucca Mountain site under Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-78ET44802. The map compilation is only available on line as a digital database in ARC/INFO ASCII (Generate) and export formats. The database can be downloaded via 'anonymous ftp' from a USGS system named greenwood.cr.usgs.gov (136.177.48.5). The files are located in a directory named /pub/open-file-reports/ofr-96-0262. This directory contains a text document named 'README.1 ST' that contains database technical and explanatory documentation, including instructions for uncompressing the bundled (tar) file. In displaying the compilation it is important to note that the map data set is considered accurate when depicted at a scale of about 1:100,000; displaying the compilation at scales significantly larger than this may result in distortions and (or) mislocations of the data.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96262","usgsCitation":"Minor, S., Vick, G.S., Carr, M.D., and Wahl, R.R., 1996, Faults, lineaments, and earthquake epicenters digital map of the Pahute Mesa 30' x 60' quadrangle, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-262, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96262.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403844,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22971.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":51280,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0262/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":1203,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/ofr-96-0262/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":154785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0262/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Pahute Mesa 30' X 60' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117,\n              37.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -116,\n              37.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -116,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              37.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f72ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minor, S.A.","contributorId":65047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vick, G. S.","contributorId":100010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vick","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carr, M. D.","contributorId":51767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wahl, R. R.","contributorId":27462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":23872,"text":"ofr96318 - 1996 - Simulation of water quality for Salt Creek in northeastern Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:12","indexId":"ofr96318","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-318","title":"Simulation of water quality for Salt Creek in northeastern Illinois","docAbstract":"Water-quality processes in the Salt Creek watershed in northeastern Illinois were simulated with a computer model. Selected waste-load scenarios for 7-day, 10-year low-flow conditions were simulated in the stream system. The model development involved the calibration of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency QUAL2E model to water-quality constituent concentration data collected by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) for a diel survey on August 29-30, 1995, and the verification of this model with water-quality constituent concentration data collected by the IEPA for a diel survey on June 27-28, 1995. In-stream measurements of sediment oxygen demand rates and carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand (CBOD) decay rates by the IEPA and traveltime and reaeration-rate coefficients by the U.S. Geological Survey facilitated the development of a model for simulation of water quality in the Salt Creek watershed. In general, the verification of the calibrated model increased confidence in the utility of the model for water-quality planning in the Salt Creek watershed. However, the model was adjusted to better simulate constituent concentrations measured during the June 27-28, 1995, diel survey.\r\nTwo versions of the QUAL2E model were utilized to simulate dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in the Salt Creek watershed for selected effluent discharge and concentration scenarios for water-quality planning: (1) the QUAL2E model calibrated to the August 29-30, 1995, diel survey, and (2) the QUAL2E model adjusted to the June 27-28, 1995, diel survey. The results of these simulations indicated that the QUAL2E model adjusted to the June 27-28, 1995, diel survey simulates reliable information for water-quality planning. The results of these simulations also indicated that to maintain DO concentrations greater than 5 milligrams per liter (mg/L) throughout most of Salt Creek for 7-day, 10-year low-flow conditions, the sewage-treatment plants (STP's) must discharge effluent with CBOD and total ammonia as nitrogen concentrations substantially below the permit limits. If the STP's discharge effluent with CBOD and total ammonia as nitrogen concentrations at the permit limits for 7-day, 10-year low-flow conditions, DO concentrations less than 5 mg/L are expected for all of Salt Creek downstream from Fullerton Avenue (river mile 23.1).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96318","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Melching, C.S., and Chang, T., 1996, Simulation of water quality for Salt Creek in northeastern Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-318, viii, 136 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96318.","productDescription":"viii, 136 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1591,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://il.water.usgs.gov/pubsearch/reports.cgi/view?series=OFR&number=96-318","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0318/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53087,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0318/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e478fe4b07f02db48a1f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Melching, Charles S.","contributorId":8135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melching","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chang, T.J.","contributorId":85224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24726,"text":"ofr96469 - 1996 - Selected hydrologic data for and location of MX wells in east-central and southern Nevada, January 1980 through May 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:22","indexId":"ofr96469","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-469","title":"Selected hydrologic data for and location of MX wells in east-central and southern Nevada, January 1980 through May 1996","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96469","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Tumbusch, M., and Schaefer, D.H., 1996, Selected hydrologic data for and location of MX wells in east-central and southern Nevada, January 1980 through May 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-469, iii, 37 p.col. map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96469.","productDescription":"iii, 37 p.col. map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0469/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53752,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0469/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53753,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0469/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f944f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tumbusch, M.L.","contributorId":47411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tumbusch","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schaefer, D. H.","contributorId":84763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"D.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":22288,"text":"ofr96333 - 1996 - Water-resources investigations in Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-15T14:47:07","indexId":"ofr96333","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-333","title":"Water-resources investigations in Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>PROBLEM: Surface-water information is needed for surveillance, planning, design, hazard warning, operation, and management in water-related fields such as water supply, hydroelectric power, flood control, irrigation, bridge and culvert design, wildlife management, pollution abatement, flood-plain management, and water-resources development. An appropriate data base is necessary to provide this information.</p>\n<p>OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study are to provide continuous discharge records for selected rivers at specific sites to supply the needs for regulation, analytical studies, definition of statistical properties, trends analysis, determination of the occurrence, and distribution of water in streams for planning. The project is also LOCATION: Statewide PROJECT CHIEF: Barry K. Holmstrom PERIOD OF PROJECT: July 1913-Continuing designed to determine lake levels and to provide discharge for floods, low-flow conditions, and for waterquality investigations. Requests for streamflow data and information relating to streamflow in Wisconsin are answered. Basic data are published annually in the report \"Water Resources Data-Wisconsin.\"</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96333","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Maertz, D., 1996, Water-resources investigations in Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-333, xviii, 74 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96333.","productDescription":"xviii, 74 p.","numberOfPages":"92","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":51711,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0333/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0333/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":24273,"text":"ofr95684 - 1996 - Digital representation of the Washington state geologic map: a contribution to the Interior Columbia River Basin Ecosystem Management Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:00","indexId":"ofr95684","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-684","title":"Digital representation of the Washington state geologic map: a contribution to the Interior Columbia River Basin Ecosystem Management Project","docAbstract":"This report describes the digital representation of the Washington state geologic map (Hunting and others, 1961). This report contains an explantion of why the data were prepared, a description of the digital data, and information on obtaining the digital files. This report is one in a series of digital maps, data files, and reports generated by the U.S. Geological Survey to provide geologic process and mineral resource information to the Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project (ICBEMP). The various digital maps and data files are being used in a geographic information system (GIS)-based ecosystem assessment including an analysis of diverse questions relating to past, present, and future conditions within the general area of the Columbia River Basin east of the Cascade Mountains.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95684","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Raines, G.L., and Johnson, B.R., 1996, Digital representation of the Washington state geologic map: a contribution to the Interior Columbia River Basin Ecosystem Management Project: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-684, 22 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95684.","productDescription":"22 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7852,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-684/wafaults.e00.z"},{"id":7851,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-684/wageol.e00.z"},{"id":7850,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-684/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a94e4b07f02db65945d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raines, Gary L.","contributorId":48162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Bruce R.","contributorId":100009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23444,"text":"ofr96142 - 1996 - Use of an ultra-clean sampling technique with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to determine trace-element concentrations in water from the Kirkwood-Cohansey Aquifer system, coastal plain, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:10","indexId":"ofr96142","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-142","title":"Use of an ultra-clean sampling technique with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to determine trace-element concentrations in water from the Kirkwood-Cohansey Aquifer system, coastal plain, New Jersey","docAbstract":"Water samples were collected during 1993 from 22 public supply wells screened in the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system; concentrations of 18 trace elements were determined primarily by using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) techniques, though graphite furnace atomic adsorption, hydride generation, and cold- vapor flameless atomic adsorption techniques were used for thallium, arsenic, and mercury, respectively, at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL). In addition, laboratory measurements of alkalinity and turbidity were made. The ground-water samples were collected by using ultra-clean sampling protocols developed by the USGS for collecting ground-water samples in areas with water containing low concentrations of trace elements. This technique is based on recently gained experience in sampling surface water for these elements. Field parameters (water temperature, specific conductance, pH, and dissolved-oxygen concentration) were monitored prior to sample collection. Three equipment blanks were collected to ensure that low-level trace-element contamination did not occur during sample collection. One split sample and a commercially- prepared reference standard were submitted to the NWQL o evaluate laboratory precision and accuracy, respectively. Trace-element concentrations in 10 sample splits and one equipment blank were also determined at the Rutgers University Chemistry Department laboratory. Results of the ICP-MS analyses and cold vapor flameless atomic absorption indicated that five trace elements-- cobalt, copper, lead, mercury, and nickel--were detectable in low concentrations (&lt;0.1-29 mg/L) in most of the samples from the 22 wells, and four elements--aluminum, barium, manganese and zinc--were detected in higher concentrations than the other elements (30-710 mg/L for aluminum; 4-180 mg/L for barium, manganese, and zinc). The remaining nine trace elements were present in concentrations consistently lower than the minimum reporting limit. Turbidity was low (less than 1 nephelometric turbidity unit (NTU)), indicating that the trace-element concentrations were present in the dissolved phase and ideally would be reproducible in the absence of highly variable concentrations of particulates. The concentration of lead in one sample exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) action level of 15 mg/L; concentrations ranged from &lt;1 to 16 mg/L. Mercury was frequently detected; concentrations ranged from &lt;0.1 to 1.1 mg/L but did not exceed the USEPA maximum contaminant level. Results of analyses of the equipment blanks indicated that samples collected by using the new ultra-clean sampling protocols were free of low-level (&lt; 1mg/L) trace-element contamination. The analysis of the split sample sent to the NWQL had a difference of 5 percent or less for all constituents except aluminum, for which the analysis had a difference of 10 percent. Results of ICP-MS analyses of split water samples sent to the Rutgers University Chemistry Department laboratory were, in general, in good agreement (within 10 percent) with those of the NWQL. Results of the analysis of the commercial standard agreed (within 5 percent) with the known concentrations of the trace elements. The quality-assurance data (three blanks, one split sample, and one standard), although not statistically evaluated because of the small data set, indicate that the measured trace-element concentrations are precise and accurate and that the samples were free of contamination at the microgram-per-liter level of contamination.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S., Earth Science Information Center, Books and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96142","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Ivahnenko, T., Szabo, Z., and Hall, G., 1996, Use of an ultra-clean sampling technique with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to determine trace-element concentrations in water from the Kirkwood-Cohansey Aquifer system, coastal plain, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-142, v, 37 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96142.","productDescription":"v, 37 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0142/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52764,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0142/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db604d0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivahnenko, Tamara 0000-0002-1124-7688 ivahnenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1124-7688","contributorId":93524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivahnenko","given":"Tamara","email":"ivahnenk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Szabo, Zoltan 0000-0002-0760-9607 zszabo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-9607","contributorId":2240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Zoltan","email":"zszabo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":190116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hall, G.S.","contributorId":8889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":24555,"text":"ofr96314 - 1996 - Surface-water quantity and quality data, Rocky Flats environmental technology site near Denver Colorado, water years 1994-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:00","indexId":"ofr96314","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-314","title":"Surface-water quantity and quality data, Rocky Flats environmental technology site near Denver Colorado, water years 1994-95","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96314","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Smith, M., Unruh, J., and Thompson, C., 1996, Surface-water quantity and quality data, Rocky Flats environmental technology site near Denver Colorado, water years 1994-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-314, iv, 88 p. :ill. ;1996., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96314.","productDescription":"iv, 88 p. :ill. ;1996.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0314/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53606,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0314/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a58e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, M.E.","contributorId":104525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Unruh, J.W.","contributorId":105756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unruh","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, C.H.","contributorId":85987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":22262,"text":"ofr96168 - 1996 - Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin lakes, water year 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-15T14:59:32","indexId":"ofr96168","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-168","title":"Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin lakes, water year 1995","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with local and other agencies, collects data at selected lakes throughout Wisconsin. These data, accumulated over many years, provide a data base for developing an improved understanding of the water quality of lakes. To make these data available to interested parties outside the USGS, the data are published annually in this report series. The location of surface water-quality and lake-stage stations in Wisconsin for water year 1995 are shown in figure 1. A water year is the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30. It is designated by the calendar year in which it ends and which includes 9 of the 12 months. Thus the period October 1, 1994 through September 30, 1995, is called \"water year 1995.\"</p>\n<p>The purpose of this report is to provide information about the physical and chemical characteristics of Wisconsin lakes. Data that have been collected at specific lakes, and information to aid in the interpretation of those data, are included in this report. Data collected includes measurements of lake stage and in-lake water quality. Graphs of Secchi depths, and surface total-phosphorus and chlorophyll-a concentrations versus time are included for lakes with two or more years of data. Descriptive information for each lake includes: location of the lake, drainage area of the lake's watershed, period for which data are available, revisions to previously published records, and pertinent remarks. Additional data, such as streamflow and water quality in tributary and outlet streams of some of the lakes, are published in another volume: \"Water Resources Data-Wisconsin, 1995.\"</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96168","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Wisconsin and other agencies","usgsCitation":"Rose, W.J., 1996, Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin lakes, water year 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-168, vi, 123 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96168.","productDescription":"vi, 123 p.","numberOfPages":"131","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science 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J.","contributorId":14433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":22613,"text":"ofr96202 - 1996 - Peak-flow frequency estimates through 1994 for gaged streams in South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:58","indexId":"ofr96202","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-202","title":"Peak-flow frequency estimates through 1994 for gaged streams in South Dakota","docAbstract":"Annual peak-flow data are listed for 250 continuous-record and crest-stage gaging stations in South Dakota. Peak-flow frequency estimates for selected recurrence intervals ranging from 2 to 500 years are given for 234 of these 250 stations. The log-Pearson Type III procedure was used to compute the frequency relations for the 234 stations, which in 1994 included 105 active and 129 inactive stations. The log-Pearson Type III procedure is recommended by the Hydrology Subcommittee of the Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data, 1982, &quot;Guidelines for Determining Flood Flow Frequency.&quot;No peak-flow frequency estimates are given for 16 of the 250 stations because: (1) of extreme variability in data set; (2) more than 20 percent of years had no flow; (3) annual peak flows represent large outflow from a spring; (4) of insufficient peak-flow record subsequent to reservoir regulation; and (5) peak-flow records were combined with records from nearby stations.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96202","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Burr, M., and Korkow, K., 1996, Peak-flow frequency estimates through 1994 for gaged streams in South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-202, x, 407 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96202.","productDescription":"x, 407 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155370,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0202/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52083,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0202/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c6c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burr, M.J.","contributorId":34541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burr","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Korkow, K.L.","contributorId":70797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korkow","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":21685,"text":"ofr96129 - 1996 - Comparison of estimated and observed stormwater runoff for fifteen watersheds in west-central Florida, using five common design techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:59","indexId":"ofr96129","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-129","title":"Comparison of estimated and observed stormwater runoff for fifteen watersheds in west-central Florida, using five common design techniques","docAbstract":"Hydrologists use several traditional techniques for estimating peak discharges and runoff volumes from ungaged watersheds. However, applying these techniques to watersheds in west-central Florida requires that empirical relationships be extrapolated beyond tested ranges. As a result there is some uncertainty as to their accuracy. Sixty-six storms in 15 west-central Florida watersheds were modeled using (1) the rational method, (2) the U.S. Geological Survey regional regression equations, (3) the Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) TR-20 model, (4) the Army Corps of Engineers HEC-1 model, and (5) the Environmental Protection Agency SWMM model. The watersheds ranged between fully developed urban and undeveloped natural watersheds. Peak discharges and runoff volumes were estimated using standard or recommended methods for determining input parameters. All model runs were uncalibrated and the selection of input parameters was not influenced by observed data. The rational method, only used to calculate peak discharges, overestimated 45 storms, underestimated 20 storms and estimated the same discharge for 1 storm. The mean estimation error for all storms indicates the method overestimates the peak discharges. Estimation errors were generally smaller in the urban watersheds and larger in the natural watersheds. The U.S. Geological Survey regression equations provide peak discharges for storms of specific recurrence intervals. Therefore, direct comparison with observed data was limited to sixteen observed storms that had precipitation equivalent to specific recurrence intervals. The mean estimation error for all storms indicates the method overestimates both peak discharges and runoff volumes. Estimation errors were smallest for the larger natural watersheds in Sarasota County, and largest for the small watersheds located in the eastern part of the study area. The Natural Resources Conservation Service TR-20 model, overestimated peak discharges for 45 storms and underestimated 21 storms, and overestimated runoff volumes for 44 storms and underestimated 22 storms. The mean estimation error for all storms modeled indicates that the model overestimates peak discharges and runoff volumes. The smaller estimation errors in both peak discharges and runoff volumes were for storms occurring in the urban watersheds, and the larger errors were for storms occurring in the natural watersheds. The HEC-1 model overestimated peak discharge rates for 55 storms and underestimated 11 storms. Runoff volumes were overestimated for 44 storms and underestimated for 22 storms using the Army Corps of Engineers HEC-1 model. The mean estimation error for all the storms modeled indicates that the model overestimates peak discharge rates and runoff volumes. Generally, the smaller estimation errors in peak discharges were for storms occurring in the urban watersheds, and the larger errors were for storms occurring in the natural watersheds. Estimation errors in runoff volumes; however, were smallest for the 3 natural watersheds located in the southernmost part of Sarasota County. The Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management model produced similar peak discharges and runoff volumes when using both the Green-Ampt and Horton infiltration methods. Estimated peak discharge and runoff volume data calculated with the Horton method was only slightly higher than those calculated with the Green-Ampt method. The mean estimation error for all the storms modeled indicates the model using the Green-Ampt infiltration method overestimates peak discharges and slightly underestimates runoff volumes. Using the Horton infiltration method, the model overestimates both peak discharges and runoff volumes. The smaller estimation errors in both peak discharges and runoff volumes were for storms occurring in the five natural watersheds in Sarasota County with the least amount of impervious cover and the lowest slopes. The largest er","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-file Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96129","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Trommer, J., Loper, J., Hammett, K., and Bowman, G., 1996, Comparison of estimated and observed stormwater runoff for fifteen watersheds in west-central Florida, using five common design techniques: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-129, viii, 120 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96129.","productDescription":"viii, 120 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154904,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1291,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr96-129/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae35f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trommer, J.T.","contributorId":28248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trommer","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loper, J.E.","contributorId":19965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loper","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hammett, K.M.","contributorId":59006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammett","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowman, Georgia","contributorId":44184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowman","given":"Georgia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":21874,"text":"ofr96218 - 1996 - Hydrologic and water-quality data for the Weldon Spring Ordnance Works, St. Charles County, Missouri, 1992-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:47","indexId":"ofr96218","displayToPublicDate":"1996-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-218","title":"Hydrologic and water-quality data for the Weldon Spring Ordnance Works, St. Charles County, Missouri, 1992-95","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96218","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Schumacher, J., Merten, L., Hockanson, E.A., and DeRusseau, S., 1996, Hydrologic and water-quality data for the Weldon Spring Ordnance Works, St. Charles County, Missouri, 1992-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-218, iv, 101 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96218.","productDescription":"iv, 101 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0218/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51363,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0218/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6116e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schumacher, John G. jschu@usgs.gov","contributorId":2055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumacher","given":"John G.","email":"jschu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merten, L.M.","contributorId":74775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merten","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hockanson, E. A.","contributorId":39405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hockanson","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeRusseau, S.N.","contributorId":31784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeRusseau","given":"S.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}