Groundwater resources from alluvial and bedrock aquifers of the Denver Basin are critical for municipal, domestic, and agricultural uses in Colorado along the eastern front of the Rocky Mountains. Rapid and widespread urban development, primarily along the western boundary of the Denver Basin, has approximately doubled the population since about 1970, and much of the population depends on groundwater for water supply. As part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted groundwater-quality studies during 2003–5 in the Denver Basin aquifer system to characterize water quality of shallow groundwater at the water table and of the bedrock aquifers, which are important drinking-water resources. For the Denver Basin, water-quality constituents of concern for human health or because they might otherwise limit use of water include total dissolved solids, fluoride, sulfate, nitrate, iron, manganese, selenium, radon, uranium, arsenic, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds. For the water-table studies, two monitoring-well networks were installed and sampled beneath agricultural (31 wells) and urban (29 wells) land uses at or just below the water table in either alluvial material or near-surface bedrock. For the bedrock-aquifer studies, domestic- and municipal-supply wells completed in the bedrock aquifers were sampled. The bedrock aquifers, stratigraphically from youngest (shallowest) to oldest (deepest), are the Dawson, Denver, Arapahoe, and Laramie-Fox Hills aquifers. The extensive dataset collected from wells completed in the bedrock aquifers (79 samples) provides the opportunity to evaluate factors and processes affecting water quality and to establish a baseline that can be used to characterize future changes in groundwater quality. Groundwater samples were analyzed for inorganic, organic, isotopic, and age-dating constituents and tracers. This report discusses spatial and statistical distributions of chemical constituents and evaluates natural and human-related processes that affect water quality. Findings are synthesized to assess the vulnerability of the Denver Basin aquifer system to groundwater contamination.
\nThe chemistry of groundwater samples collected from the water-table wells was generally different from that of samples collected from the bedrock-aquifer wells. Samples from the water-table wells tended to have higher concentrations of total dissolved solids and most major ions. Concentrations of several constituents with potential human-health concerns, including nitrate, selenium, uranium, and arsenic, decreased with depth and were highest in samples from the water-table wells. Exceedances of drinking-water standards and water-quality benchmarks were more frequently associated with shallow groundwater samples; concentrations of total dissolved solids and sulfate exceeded water-quality benchmarks for about half or more of samples from the water-table wells. The sediments and rocks of the Denver Basin are natural sources of the trace elements selenium, uranium, and arsenic, which affect their concentrations in groundwater. Detections of organic contaminants, which are typically indicative of human sources of contamination to groundwater, were more frequent in samples from the water-table wells. Pesticide compounds and volatile organic compounds were detected in 33 and 62 percent, respectively, of water-table well samples. Detected organic contaminant concentrations were much less than the associated drinking-water standards. Samples collected from the bedrock aquifers had lower concentrations of total dissolved solids than did samples collected from the water-table wells, although within the bedrock-aquifer samples, concentrations increased from the Dawson to Denver to Arapahoe to Laramie-Fox Hills aquifers. Concentrations of total dissolved solids and many constituents varied spatially and with depth in the bedrock aquifers, likely as a result of ion-exchange and oxidation-reduction reactions, which are important processes affecting water quality. Major-ion chemistry generally evolved from a calcium-bicarbonate to calcium-sulfate composition, with some sodium-bicarbonate and sodium-sulfate facies in the deeper bedrock aquifers, likely resulting from longer residence times and more extensive water-rock interaction. Oxidation-reduction conditions generally evolved from oxic at the water table to anoxic with increasing depth in the bedrock aquifers. Most samples from the bedrock aquifers were anoxic. Exceedances of drinking-water standards and water-quality benchmarks for the bedrock aquifers occurred in 1 percent or less of samples for nitrate, selenium, or arsenic; there were no exceedances for uranium. Exceedances for total dissolved solids, sulfate, manganese, and iron were generally between about 10 and 20 percent for the bedrock-aquifer samples. Radon concentrations, which were only measured in samples collected from two of the bedrock aquifers, exceeded the lower proposed drinking-water standard for more than 90 percent of samples but exceeded the higher alternative standard for less than 5 percent of samples. Pesticide compounds and volatile organic compounds were detected in 3 and 22 percent, respectively, of bedrock-aquifer samples, all at concentrations that were that were much less than drinking-water standards.
\nWater-quality data were synthesized to evaluate factors that affect spatial and depth variability in water quality and to assess aquifer vulnerability to contaminants from geologic materials and those of human origin. The quality of shallow groundwater in the alluvial aquifer and shallow bedrock aquifer system has been adversely affected by development of agricultural and urban areas. Land use has altered the pattern and composition of recharge. Increased recharge from irrigation water has mobilized dissolved constituents and increased concentrations in the shallow groundwater. Concentrations of most constituents associated with poor or degraded water quality in shallow groundwater decreased with depth; many of these constituents are not geochemically conservative and are affected by geochemical reactions such as oxidation-reduction reactions. Groundwater age tracers provide additional insight into aquifer vulnerability and help determine if young groundwater of potentially poor quality has migrated to deeper parts of the bedrock aquifers used for drinking-water supply. Age-tracer results were used to group samples into categories of young, mixed, and old groundwater. Groundwater ages transitioned from mostly young in the water-table wells to mostly mixed in the shallowest bedrock aquifer, the Dawson aquifer, to mostly old in the deeper bedrock aquifers. Although the bedrock aquifers are mostly old groundwater of good water quality, several lines of evidence indicate that young, contaminant-bearing recharge has reached shallow to moderate depths in some areas of the bedrock aquifers. The Dawson aquifer is the most vulnerable of the bedrock aquifers to contamination, but results indicate that the older (deeper) bedrock aquifers are also vulnerable to groundwater contamination and that mixing with young recharge has occurred in some areas. Heavy pumping has caused water-level declines in the bedrock aquifers in some parts of the Denver Basin, which has the potential to enhance the transport of contaminants from overlying units. Results of this study are consistent with the existing conceptual understanding of aquifer processes and groundwater issues in the Denver Basin and add new insight into the vulnerability of the bedrock aquifers to groundwater contamination.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145051","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Musgrove, M., Beck, J., Paschke, S.S., Bauch, N.J., and Mashburn, S.L., 2014, Quality of groundwater in the Denver Basin aquifer system, Colorado, 2003-5: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5051, xi, 107 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145051.","productDescription":"xi, 107 p.","numberOfPages":"123","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-051259","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291953,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145051.jpg"},{"id":291950,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5051/"},{"id":291952,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5051/pdf/sir2014-5051.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Denver Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.0,38.0 ], [ -108.0,40.0 ], [ -102.0,40.0 ], [ -102.0,38.0 ], [ -108.0,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e9caafe4b008eaa4f35a85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Musgrove, MaryLynn","contributorId":34878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Musgrove","given":"MaryLynn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beck, Jennifer A.","contributorId":53922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"Jennifer A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paschke, Suzanne S. 0000-0002-3471-4242 spaschke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3471-4242","contributorId":1347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paschke","given":"Suzanne","email":"spaschke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauch, Nancy J. 0000-0002-0302-2892 njbauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0302-2892","contributorId":1297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauch","given":"Nancy","email":"njbauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mashburn, Shana L. 0000-0001-5163-778X shanam@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5163-778X","contributorId":2140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mashburn","given":"Shana","email":"shanam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70113247,"text":"sim3304 - 2014 - Detailed north-south cross section showing environments of deposition, organic richness, and thermal maturities of lower Tertiary rocks in the Uinta Basin, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-11T10:05:36","indexId":"sim3304","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-11T09:52:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3304","title":"Detailed north-south cross section showing environments of deposition, organic richness, and thermal maturities of lower Tertiary rocks in the Uinta Basin, Utah","docAbstract":"The Uinta Basin of northeast Utah has produced large amounts of hydrocarbons from lower Tertiary strata since the 1960s. Recent advances in drilling technologies, in particular the development of efficient methods to drill and hydraulically fracture horizontal wells, has spurred renewed interest in producing hydrocarbons from unconventional low-permeability dolomite and shale reservoirs in the lacustrine, Eocene Green River Formation. The Eocene Green River Formation was deposited in Lake Uinta, a long-lived saline lake that occupied the Uinta Basin, the Piceance Basin to the east, and the intervening Douglas Creek arch. The focus of recent drilling activity has been the informal Uteland Butte member of the Green River Formation and to a much lesser extent the overlying R-0 oil shale zone of the Green River Formation. Initial production rates ranging from 500 to 1,500 barrels of oil equivalent per day have been reported from the Uteland Butte member from horizontal well logs that are as long as 4,000 feet (ft);. The cross section presented here extends northward from outcrop on the southern margin of the basin into the basin’s deep trough, located just south of the Uinta Mountains, and transects the area where this unconventional oil play is developing. The Monument Butte field, which is one of the fields located along this line of section, has produced hydrocarbons from conventional sandstone reservoirs in the lower part of the Green River Formation and underlying Wasatch Formation since 1981. A major fluvial-deltaic system entered Lake Uinta from the south, and this new line of section is ideal for studying the effect of the sediments delivered by this drainage on hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Green River Formation. The cross section also transects the Greater Altamont-Bluebell field in the deepest part of the basin, where hydrocarbons have been produced from fractured, highly overpressured marginal lacustrine and fluvial reservoirs in the Green River, Wasatch, and North Horn Formations since 1970. Datum for the cross section is sea level so that hydrocarbon source rocks and reservoir rocks could be integrated into the structural framework of the basin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3304","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.C., 2014, Detailed north-south cross section showing environments of deposition, organic richness, and thermal maturities of lower Tertiary rocks in the Uinta Basin, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3304, Report: iv, 12 p.; Cross Section: 69.0 x 45.01 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3304.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 12 p.; Cross Section: 69.0 x 45.01 inches","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051246","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291935,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3304.jpg"},{"id":291932,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3304/"},{"id":291934,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3304/pdf/sim3304_map.pdf"},{"id":291933,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3304/pdf/sim3304_pamphlet.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Uinta Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.25,38.0 ], [ -112.25,43.5 ], [ -106.25,43.5 ], [ -106.25,38.0 ], [ -112.25,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e9caafe4b008eaa4f35a71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Ronald C. 0000-0002-6197-5165 rcjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5165","contributorId":1550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ronald","email":"rcjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70119761,"text":"70119761 - 2014 - Comparing population exposure to multiple Washington earthquake scenarios for prioritizing loss estimation studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T11:07:11","indexId":"70119761","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-11T09:07:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":836,"text":"Applied Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing population exposure to multiple Washington earthquake scenarios for prioritizing loss estimation studies","docAbstract":"Scenario-based, loss-estimation studies are useful for gauging potential societal impacts from earthquakes but can be challenging to undertake in areas with multiple scenarios and jurisdictions. We present a geospatial approach using various population data for comparing earthquake scenarios and jurisdictions to help emergency managers prioritize where to focus limited resources on data development and loss-estimation studies. Using 20 earthquake scenarios developed for the State of Washington (USA), we demonstrate how a population-exposure analysis across multiple jurisdictions based on Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) classes helps emergency managers understand and communicate where potential loss of life may be concentrated and where impacts may be more related to quality of life. Results indicate that certain well-known scenarios may directly impact the greatest number of people, whereas other, potentially lesser-known, scenarios impact fewer people but consequences could be more severe. The use of economic data to profile each jurisdiction’s workforce in earthquake hazard zones also provides additional insight on at-risk populations. This approach can serve as a first step in understanding societal impacts of earthquakes and helping practitioners to efficiently use their limited risk-reduction resources.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.05.013","usgsCitation":"Wood, N.J., Ratliff, J.L., Schelling, J., and Weaver, C.S., 2014, Comparing population exposure to multiple Washington earthquake scenarios for prioritizing loss estimation studies: Applied Geography, v. 52, p. 191-203, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.05.013.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"203","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-054868","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.05.013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":291921,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.79,45.55 ], [ -124.79,49.0 ], [ -116.92,49.0 ], [ -116.92,45.55 ], [ -124.79,45.55 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"52","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e9caaee4b008eaa4f35a68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Nathan J. 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":3347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ratliff, Jamie L. 0000-0002-9967-3314 jratliff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9967-3314","contributorId":665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratliff","given":"Jamie","email":"jratliff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schelling, John","contributorId":49707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schelling","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weaver, Craig S. craig@usgs.gov","contributorId":2690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"Craig","email":"craig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70134860,"text":"70134860 - 2014 - The Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium: 20 years of development and integration of USA national land cover data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T13:03:39","indexId":"70134860","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium: 20 years of development and integration of USA national land cover data","docAbstract":"The Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium demonstrates the national benefits of USA Federal collaboration. Starting in the mid-1990s as a small group with the straightforward goal of compiling a comprehensive national Landsat dataset that could be used to meet agencies’ needs, MRLC has grown into a group of 10 USA Federal Agencies that coordinate the production of five different products, including the National Land Cover Database (NLCD), the Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP), the Cropland Data Layer (CDL), the Gap Analysis Project (GAP), and the Landscape Fire and Resource Management Planning Tools (LANDFIRE). As a set, the products include almost every aspect of land cover from impervious surface to detailed crop and vegetation types to fire fuel classes. Some products can be used for land cover change assessments because they cover multiple time periods. The MRLC Consortium has become a collaborative forum, where members share research, methodological approaches, and data to produce products using established protocols, and we believe it is a model for the production of integrated land cover products at national to continental scales. We provide a brief overview of each of the main products produced by MRLC and examples of how each product has been used. We follow that with a discussion of the impact of the MRLC program and a brief overview of future plans.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs6087424","usgsCitation":"Wickham, J.D., Homer, C.G., Vogelmann, J., McKerrow, A., Mueller, R., Herold, N., and Coluston, J., 2014, The Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium: 20 years of development and integration of USA national land cover data: Remote Sensing, v. 6, no. 8, p. 7424-7441, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6087424.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"7424","endPage":"7441","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050924","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38315,"text":"GAP Analysis Project","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472824,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6087424","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296471,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5482e54ae4b0aa6d7785300e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wickham, James D.","contributorId":72278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wickham","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Homer, Collin G. 0000-0003-4755-8135 homer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8135","contributorId":2262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homer","given":"Collin","email":"homer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogelmann, James E. 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James E.","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKerrow, Alexa 0000-0002-8312-2905 amckerrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8312-2905","contributorId":4542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKerrow","given":"Alexa","email":"amckerrow@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mueller, Rick","contributorId":101182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mueller","given":"Rick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Herold, Nate","contributorId":127749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herold","given":"Nate","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7054,"text":"NOAA/NMFS, Silver Spring, MD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Coluston, John","contributorId":127750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coluston","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6684,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Aiken, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70129883,"text":"70129883 - 2014 - Globigerinoides ruber morphotypes in the Gulf of Mexico: a test of null hypothesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-11-14T13:18:31","indexId":"70129883","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Globigerinoides ruber morphotypes in the Gulf of Mexico: a test of null hypothesis","docAbstract":"Planktic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber (G. ruber), due to its abundance and ubiquity in the tropical/subtropical mixed layer, has been the workhorse of paleoceanographic studies investigating past sea-surface conditions on a range of timescales. Recent geochemical work on the two principal white G. ruber (W) morphotypes, sensu stricto (ss) and sensu lato (sl), has hypothesized differences in seasonal preferences or calcification depths, implying that reconstructions using a non-selective mixture of morphotypes could potentially be biased. Here, we test these hypotheses by performing stable isotope and abundance measurements on the two morphotypes in sediment trap, core-top, and downcore samples from the northern Gulf of Mexico. As a test of null hypothesis, we perform the same analyses on couplets of G. ruber (W) specimens with attributes intermediate to the holotypic ss and sl morphologies. We find no systematic or significant offsets in coeval ss-sl δ18O, and δ13C. These offsets are no larger than those in the intermediate pairs. Coupling our results with foraminiferal statistical model INFAUNAL, we find that contrary to previous work elsewhere, there is no evidence for discrepancies in ss-sl calcifying depth habitat or seasonality in the Gulf of Mexico.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/srep06018","usgsCitation":"Thirumalai, K., Richey, J.N., Quinn, T.M., and Poore, R.Z., 2014, Globigerinoides ruber morphotypes in the Gulf of Mexico: a test of null hypothesis: Scientific Reports, v. 4, 6018; 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06018.","productDescription":"6018; 7 p.","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057017","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472825,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06018","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296094,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.1953125,\n 18.104087015773956\n ],\n [\n -100.1953125,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -81.9140625,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -81.9140625,\n 18.104087015773956\n ],\n [\n -100.1953125,\n 18.104087015773956\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546727ade4b04d4b7dbde824","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thirumalai, Kaustubh","contributorId":127444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thirumalai","given":"Kaustubh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6732,"text":"Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richey, Julie N. 0000-0002-2319-7980 jrichey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2319-7980","contributorId":5182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richey","given":"Julie","email":"jrichey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quinn, Terrence M.","contributorId":82949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinn","given":"Terrence","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6732,"text":"Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Poore, Richard Z. rpoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"Richard","email":"rpoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70132475,"text":"70132475 - 2014 - Anthrax and the geochemistry of soils in the contiguous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T19:10:20.68877","indexId":"70132475","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1816,"text":"Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthrax and the geochemistry of soils in the contiguous United States","docAbstract":"Soil geochemical data from sample sites in counties that reported occurrences of anthrax in wildlife and livestock since 2000 were evaluated against counties within the same states (MN, MT, ND, NV, OR, SD and TX) that did not report occurrences. These data identified the elements, calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P) and strontium (Sr), as having statistically significant differences in concentrations between county type (anthrax occurrence versus no occurrence). Tentative threshold values of the lowest concentrations of each of these elements (Ca = 0.43 wt %, Mn = 142 mg/kg, P = 180 mg/kg and Sr = 51 mg/kg) and average concentrations (Ca = 1.3 wt %, Mn = 463 mg/kg, P = 580 mg/kg and Sr = 170 mg/kg) were identified from anthrax-positive counties as prospective investigative tools in determining whether an outbreak had “potential” or was “likely” at any given geographic location in the contiguous United States.
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]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5465d62ce4b04d4b7dbd6546","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffin, Dale W. 0000-0003-1719-5812 dgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1719-5812","contributorId":2178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale","email":"dgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":523257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Silvestri, Erin E.","contributorId":127343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silvestri","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":523258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowling, Charlena Y.","contributorId":127344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowling","given":"Charlena","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":523259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boe, Timothy","contributorId":127431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boe","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, David B. 0000-0001-8396-9105 dsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-9105","contributorId":1274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David B.","email":"dsmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":523261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nichols, Tonya L.","contributorId":127345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nichols","given":"Tonya","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":523262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70148178,"text":"70148178 - 2014 - Linking multi-temporal satellite imagery to coastal wetland dynamics and bird distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-26T11:01:51","indexId":"70148178","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-10T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking multi-temporal satellite imagery to coastal wetland dynamics and bird distribution","docAbstract":"Ecosystems are characterized by dynamic ecological processes, such as flooding and fires, but spatial models are often limited to a single measurement in time. The characterization of direct, fine-scale processes affecting animals is potentially valuable for management applications, but these are difficult to quantify over broad extents. Direct predictors are also expected to improve transferability of models beyond the area of study. Here, we investigated the ability of non-static and multi-temporal habitat characteristics to predict marsh bird distributions, while testing model generality and transferability between two coastal habitats. Distribution models were developed for king rail (Rallus elegans), common gallinule (Gallinula galeata), least bittern (Ixobrychus exilis), and purple gallinule (Porphyrio martinica) in fresh and intermediate marsh types in the northern Gulf Coast of Louisiana and Texas, USA. For model development, repeated point count surveys of marsh birds were conducted from 2009 to 2011. Landsat satellite imagery was used to quantify both annual conditions and cumulative, multi-temporal habitat characteristics. We used multivariate adaptive regression splines to quantify bird-habitat relationships for fresh, intermediate, and combined marsh habitats. Multi-temporal habitat characteristics ranked as more important than single-date characteristics, as temporary water was most influential in six of eight models. Predictive power was greater for marsh type-specific models compared to general models and model transferability was poor. Birds in fresh marsh selected for annual habitat characterizations, while birds in intermediate marsh selected for cumulative wetness and heterogeneity. Our findings emphasize that dynamic ecological processes can affect species distribution and species-habitat relationships may differ with dominant landscape characteristics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.04.013","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Gulf Coast Joint Venture","usgsCitation":"Pickens, B.A., and King, S.L., 2014, Linking multi-temporal satellite imagery to coastal wetland dynamics and bird distribution: Ecological Modelling, v. 285, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.04.013.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040505","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300782,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"285","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5565994ce4b0d9246a9eb62f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pickens, Bradley A.","contributorId":140926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pickens","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Sammy L. 0000-0002-5364-6361 sking@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-6361","contributorId":557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Sammy","email":"sking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70110810,"text":"sir20145094 - 2014 - Flood-inundation maps for the West Branch Susquehanna River near the Boroughs of Lewisburg and Milton, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-08T15:47:17","indexId":"sir20145094","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-08T15:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5094","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the West Branch Susquehanna River near the Boroughs of Lewisburg and Milton, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for an approximate 8-mile reach of the West Branch Susquehanna River from approximately 2 miles downstream from the Borough of Lewisburg, extending upstream to approximately 1 mile upstream from the Borough of Milton, Pennsylvania, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Susquehanna River Basin Commission (SRBC). The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/, depict the estimated areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage 01553500, West Branch Susquehanna River at Lewisburg, Pa. In addition, the information has been provided to the Susquehanna River Basin Commission (SRBC) for incorporation into their Susquehanna Inundation Map Viewer (SIMV) flood warning system (http://maps.srbc.net/simv/). The National Weather Service (NWS) forecasted peak-stage information (http://water.weather.gov/ahps) for USGS streamgage 01553500, West Branch Susquehanna River at Lewisburg, Pa., may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation.
\nIn this study, flood profiles were computed for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. Calibration of the model was achieved using the most current stage-discharge relations (rating number 11.1) at USGS streamgage 01553500, West Branch Susquehanna River at Lewisburg, Pa., a documented water-surface profile from the December 2, 2010, flood, and recorded peak stage data. The hydraulic model was then used to determine 26 water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage datum ranging from 14 feet (ft) to 39 ft. Modeled flood stages, as defined by NWS, include Action Stage, 14 ft; Flood Stage, 18 ft; Moderate Flood Stage, 23 ft; and Major Flood Stage, 28 ft. Geographic information system (GIS) technology was then used to combine the simulated water-surface profiles with a digital elevation model (DEM) derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) data to delineate the area flooded at each water level.
\nThe availability of these maps, along with World Wide Web information regarding current stage from USGS streamgages and forecasted stream stages from the NWS, provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145094","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Susquehanna River Basin Commission","usgsCitation":"Roland, M.A., and Hoffman, S.A., 2014, Flood-inundation maps for the West Branch Susquehanna River near the Boroughs of Lewisburg and Milton, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5094, Report: v, 13 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145094.","productDescription":"Report: v, 13 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2013-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-049552","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291915,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145094.jpg"},{"id":291912,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5094/"},{"id":291913,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5094/pdf/sir2014-5094.pdf"},{"id":291914,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5094/downloads"}],"scale":"100000","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Lewisburg;Milton;Susquehanna River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.9,40.95 ], [ -76.9,41.05 ], [ -76.85,41.05 ], [ -76.85,40.95 ], [ -76.9,40.95 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e5d630e4b0b6c2798a65cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roland, Mark A. 0000-0002-0268-6507 mroland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0268-6507","contributorId":2116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roland","given":"Mark","email":"mroland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, Scott A. shoffman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"Scott","email":"shoffman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70119733,"text":"70119733 - 2014 - Pink spot, white spot: the pineal skylight of the leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea Vandelli 1761) skull and its possible role in the phenology of feeding migrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T14:51:36","indexId":"70119733","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-08T12:44:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2277,"text":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pink spot, white spot: the pineal skylight of the leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea Vandelli 1761) skull and its possible role in the phenology of feeding migrations","docAbstract":"Leatherback turtles, Dermochelys coriacea, which have an irregular pink area on the crown of the head known as the pineal or ‘pink spot’, forage upon jellyfish in cool temperate waters along the western and eastern margins of the North Atlantic during the summer. Our study showed that the skeletal structures underlying the pink spot in juvenile and adult turtles are compatible with the idea of a pineal dosimeter function that would support recognition of environmental light stimuli. We interrogated an extensive turtle sightings database to elucidate the phenology of leatherback foraging during summer months around Great Britain and Ireland and compared the sightings with historical data for sea surface temperatures and day lengths to assess whether sea surface temperature or light periodicity/levels were likely abiotic triggers prompting foraging turtles to turn south and leave their feeding grounds at the end of the summer. We found that sea temperature was too variable and slow changing in the study area to be useful as a trigger and suggest that shortening of day lengths as the late summer equilux is approached provides a credible phenological cue, acting via the pineal, for leatherbacks to leave their foraging areas whether they are feeding close to Nova Scotia or Great Britain and Ireland.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2014.07.008","usgsCitation":"Davenport, J., Jones, T., Work, T.M., and Balazs, G.H., 2014, Pink spot, white spot: the pineal skylight of the leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea Vandelli 1761) skull and its possible role in the phenology of feeding migrations: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 461, p. 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2014.07.008.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057870","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291907,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2014.07.008"},{"id":291910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"461","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e5d630e4b0b6c2798a65dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davenport, John","contributorId":68643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davenport","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, T. Todd","contributorId":61334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"T. Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Balazs, George H.","contributorId":88195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balazs","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70115925,"text":"sir20145125 - 2014 - A precipitation-runoff model for simulating natural streamflow conditions in the Smith River watershed, Montana, water years 1996-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-08T12:44:08","indexId":"sir20145125","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-08T11:55:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5125","title":"A precipitation-runoff model for simulating natural streamflow conditions in the Smith River watershed, Montana, water years 1996-2008","docAbstract":"This report documents the construction of a precipitation-runoff model for simulating natural streamflow in the Smith River watershed, Montana. This Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System model, constructed in cooperation with the Meagher County Conservation District, can be used to examine the general hydrologic framework of the Smith River watershed, including quantification of precipitation, evapotranspiration, and streamflow; partitioning of streamflow between surface runoff and subsurface flow; and quantifying contributions to streamflow from several parts of the watershed.
\nThe model was constructed by using spatial datasets describing watershed topography, the streams, and the hydrologic characteristics of the basin soils and vegetation. Time-series data (daily total precipitation, and daily minimum and maximum temperature) were input to the model to simulate daily streamflow. The model was calibrated for water years 2002–2007 and evaluated for water years 1996–2001. Though water year 2008 was included in the study period to evaluate water-budget components, calibration and evaluation data were unavailable for that year. During the calibration and evaluation periods, simulated-natural flow values were compared to reconstructed-natural streamflow data. These reconstructed-natural streamflow data were calculated by adding Bureau of Reclamation’s depletions data to the observed streamflows. Reconstructed-natural streamflows represent estimates of streamflows for water years 1996–2007 assuming there was no agricultural water-resources development in the watershed. Additional calibration targets were basin mean monthly solar radiation and potential evapotranspiration.
\nThe model estimated the hydrologic processes in the Smith River watershed during the calibration and evaluation periods. Simulated-natural mean annual and mean monthly flows generally were the same or higher than the reconstructed-natural streamflow values during the calibration period, whereas they were lower during the evaluation period. The shape of the annual hydrographs for the simulated-natural daily streamflow values matched the shape of the hydrographs for the reconstructed-natural values for most of the calibration period, but daily streamflow values were underestimated during the evaluation period for water years 1996–1998.
\nThe model enabled a detailed evaluation of the components of the water budget within the Smith River watershed during the water year 1996–2008 study period. During this study period, simulated mean annual precipitation across the Smith River watershed was 16 inches, out of which 14 inches evaporated or transpired and 2 inches left the basin as streamflow. Per the precipitation-runoff model simulations, during most of the year, surface runoff rarely (less than 2 percent of the time during water years 2002–2008) makes up more than 10 percent of the total streamflow. Subsurface flow (the combination of interflow and groundwater flow) makes up most of the total streamflow (99 or more percent of total streamflow for 71 percent of the time during water years 2002–2008).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145125","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Meagher County Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Chase, K.J., Caldwell, R.R., and Stanley, A.K., 2014, A precipitation-runoff model for simulating natural streamflow conditions in the Smith River watershed, Montana, water years 1996-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5125, vi, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145125.","productDescription":"vi, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1995-10-01","temporalEnd":"2008-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-055228","costCenters":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145125.jpg"},{"id":291908,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5125/pdf/sir2014-5125.pdf"},{"id":291906,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5125/"}],"projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Smith River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.0,46.25 ], [ -112.0,47.5 ], [ -110.5,47.5 ], [ -110.5,46.25 ], [ -112.0,46.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e5d62ee4b0b6c2798a65b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chase, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5796-4148 kchase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-4148","contributorId":454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Katherine","email":"kchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caldwell, Rodney R. 0000-0002-2588-715X caldwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-715X","contributorId":2577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Rodney","email":"caldwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanley, Andrea K.","contributorId":61353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70116917,"text":"fs20143061 - 2014 - Summary of hydrologic conditions in Kansas, 2013 water year","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-08T11:42:36","indexId":"fs20143061","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-08T11:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3061","title":"Summary of hydrologic conditions in Kansas, 2013 water year","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Kansas Water Science Center (KSWSC), in cooperation with local, State, and other Federal agencies, maintains a long-term network of hydrologic monitoring gages in the State of Kansas. These include 195 real-time streamflow-gaging stations (herein gages) and 12 real-time reservoir-level monitoring stations. These data and associated analysis, accumulated for many years, provide a unique overview of hydrologic conditions and help improve our understanding of our water resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143061","usgsCitation":"Peters, A.J., and Rasmussen, T.J., 2014, Summary of hydrologic conditions in Kansas, 2013 water year: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3061, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143061.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","temporalStart":"2012-10-01","temporalEnd":"2013-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-055523","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143061.jpg"},{"id":291903,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3061/"},{"id":291904,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3061/pdf/fs2014-3061.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -102.0518,36.993 ], [ -102.0518,40.0045 ], [ -94.5884,40.0045 ], [ -94.5884,36.993 ], [ -102.0518,36.993 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e5d630e4b0b6c2798a65e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, Arin J. ajpeters@usgs.gov","contributorId":5862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Arin","email":"ajpeters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rasmussen, Teresa J. 0000-0002-7023-3868 rasmuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-3868","contributorId":3336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Teresa","email":"rasmuss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70116809,"text":"sir20145123 - 2014 - The relative importance of oceanic nutrient inputs for Bass Harbor Marsh Estuary at Acadia National Park, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-08T10:13:46","indexId":"sir20145123","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-08T10:05:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5123","title":"The relative importance of oceanic nutrient inputs for Bass Harbor Marsh Estuary at Acadia National Park, Maine","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey and Acadia National Park (ANP) collaborated on a study of nutrient inputs into Bass Harbor Marsh Estuary on Mount Desert Island, Maine, to better understand ongoing eutrophication, oceanic nutrient inputs, and potential management solutions. This report includes the estimation of loads of nitrate, ammonia, total dissolved nitrogen, and total dissolved phosphorus to the estuary derived from runoff within the watershed and oceanic inputs during summers 2011 and 2012. Nutrient outputs from the estuary were also monitored, and nutrient inputs in direct precipitation to the estuary were calculated. Specific conductance, water temperature, and turbidity were monitored at the estuary outlet. This report presents a first-order analysis of the potential effects of projected sea-level rise on the inundated area and estuary volume. Historical aerial photographs were used to investigate the possibility of widening of the estuary channel over time. The scope of this report also includes analysis of sediment cores collected from the estuary and fringing marsh surfaces to assess the sediment mass accumulation rate.
\nMedian concentrations of nitrate, ammonium, and total dissolved phosphorus on the flood tide were approximately 25 percent higher than on the ebb tide during the 2011 and 2012 summer seasons. Higher concentrations on the flood tide suggest net assimilation of these nutrients in biota within the estuary. The dissolved organic nitrogen fraction dominated the dissolved nitrogen fraction in all tributaries. The median concentration of dissolved organic nitrogen was about twice as high on the on the ebb tide than the flood tide, indicating net export of dissolved organic nitrogen from the estuary.
\nThe weekly total oceanic inputs of nitrate, ammonium, and total dissolved phosphorus to the estuary were usually much larger than inputs from runoff or direct precipitation. The estuary was a net sink for nitrate and ammonium in most weeks during both years. Oceanic inputs of nitrate and ammonium were an important source of inorganic nitrogen to the estuary in both years. In both years, the total seasonal inputs of ammonium to the estuary in flood tides were much larger than the inputs from watershed runoff or direct precipitation. In 2011, the total seasonal input of nitrate from flood tides to the estuary was more than twice as large the inputs from watershed runoff and precipitation, but in 2012, the inputs from flood tides were only marginally larger than the inputs from watershed runoff and precipitation. Turbidity was measured intermittently in 2012, and the pattern that emerged from the measurements indicated that the estuary was a source of particulate matter to the ocean rather than the ocean being a source to the estuary.
\nFrom the nutrient budgets determined for the estuary it is evident that oceanic sources of nitrate and ammonium are an important part of the supply of nutrients that are contributing to the growth of macroalgae in the estuary. The relative importance of these oceanic nutrients compared with sources within the watershed typically increases as the summer progresses and runoff decreases. It is likely that rising sea levels, estimated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to be 11 centimeters from 1950 through 2006 in nearby Bar Harbor, have resulted in an increase in oceanic inputs (tidal volume and nutrients derived from oceanic sources).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145123","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Huntington, T.G., Culbertson, C.W., Fuller, C., Glibert, P., and Sturtevant, L., 2014, The relative importance of oceanic nutrient inputs for Bass Harbor Marsh Estuary at Acadia National Park, Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5123, vii, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145123.","productDescription":"vii, 19 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053472","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291902,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145123.jpg"},{"id":291901,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5123/pdf/sir2014-5123.pdf"},{"id":291900,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5123/"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Acadia National Park;Bass Harbor Marsh;Mount Desert Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -68.375,44.25 ], [ -68.375,44.291667 ], [ -68.333333,44.291667 ], [ -68.333333,44.25 ], [ -68.375,44.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e5d631e4b0b6c2798a65ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huntington, Thomas G. 0000-0002-9427-3530 thunting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":1884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Thomas","email":"thunting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Culbertson, Charles W. cculbert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culbertson","given":"Charles","email":"cculbert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fuller, Christopher","contributorId":56982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glibert, Patricia","contributorId":94593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glibert","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sturtevant, Luke","contributorId":99893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturtevant","given":"Luke","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70111611,"text":"ofr20141114 - 2014 - Assessment of suspended-sediment transport, bedload, and dissolved oxygen during a short-term drawdown of Fall Creek Lake, Oregon, winter 2012-13","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-08T09:03:23","indexId":"ofr20141114","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-08T08:58:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1114","title":"Assessment of suspended-sediment transport, bedload, and dissolved oxygen during a short-term drawdown of Fall Creek Lake, Oregon, winter 2012-13","docAbstract":"The drawdown of Fall Creek Lake resulted in the net transport of approximately 50,300 tons of sediment from the lake during a 6-day drawdown operation, based on computed daily values of suspended-sediment load downstream of Fall Creek Dam and the two main tributaries to Fall Creek Lake.
\nA suspended-sediment budget calculated for 72 days of the study period indicates that as a result of drawdown operations, there was approximately 16,300 tons of sediment deposition within the reaches of Fall Creek and the Middle Fork Willamette River between Fall Creek Dam and the streamgage on the Middle Fork Willamette River at Jasper, Oregon.
\nBedload samples collected at the station downstream of Fall Creek Dam during the drawdown were primarily composed of medium to fine sands and accounted for an average of 11 percent of the total instantaneous sediment load (also termed sediment discharge) during sample collection.
\nMonitoring of dissolved oxygen at the station downstream of Fall Creek Dam showed an initial decrease in dissolved oxygen concurrent with the sediment release over the span of 5 hours, though the extent of dissolved oxygen depletion is unknown because of extreme and rapid fouling of the probe by the large amount of sediment in transport. Dissolved oxygen returned to background levels downstream of Fall Creek Dam on December 18, 2012, approximately 1 day after the end of the drawdown operation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141114","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Schenk, L.N., and Bragg, H., 2014, Assessment of suspended-sediment transport, bedload, and dissolved oxygen during a short-term drawdown of Fall Creek Lake, Oregon, winter 2012-13: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1114, vi, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141114.","productDescription":"vi, 80 p.","numberOfPages":"90","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049888","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291896,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141114.jpg"},{"id":291895,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1114/pdf/ofr2014-1114.pdf"},{"id":291877,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1114"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Fall Creek Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.70,43.60 ], [ -122.70,44.00 ], [ -122.50,44.00 ], [ -122.50,43.60 ], [ -122.70,43.60 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e5d62fe4b0b6c2798a65bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schenk, Liam N. 0000-0002-2491-0813 lschenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-0813","contributorId":4273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Liam","email":"lschenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bragg, Heather M. hmbragg@usgs.gov","contributorId":428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bragg","given":"Heather M.","email":"hmbragg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70116228,"text":"ofr20141139 - 2014 - Land processes distributed active archive center product lifecycle plan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-21T09:43:16","indexId":"ofr20141139","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-08T08:53:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1139","title":"Land processes distributed active archive center product lifecycle plan","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth Science Data System Program worked together to establish, develop, and operate the Land Processes (LP) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) to provide stewardship for NASA’s land processes science data. These data are critical science assets that serve the land processes science community with potential value beyond any immediate research use, and therefore need to be accounted for and properly managed throughout their lifecycle. A fundamental LP DAAC objective is to enable permanent preservation of these data and information products. The LP DAAC accomplishes this by bridging data producers and permanent archival resources while providing intermediate archive services for data and information products.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141139","usgsCitation":"Daucsavage, J., and Bennett, S.D., 2014, Land processes distributed active archive center product lifecycle plan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1139, vi, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141139.","productDescription":"vi, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055812","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292737,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141139.jpg"},{"id":291876,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1139/"},{"id":291883,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1139/pdf/ofr2014-1139.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e5d630e4b0b6c2798a65d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daucsavage, John C.","contributorId":64577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daucsavage","given":"John C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, Stacie D.","contributorId":29323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Stacie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70111236,"text":"sim3302 - 2014 - California State Waters Map Series: Offshore of Coal Oil Point, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T18:54:40.14922","indexId":"sim3302","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-08T08:21:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3302","title":"California State Waters Map Series: Offshore of Coal Oil Point, California","docAbstract":"In 2007, the California Ocean Protection Council initiated the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP), designed to create a comprehensive seafloor map of high-resolution bathymetry, marine benthic habitats, and geology within the 3-nautical-mile limit of California’s State Waters. The CSMP approach is to create highly detailed seafloor maps through collection, integration, interpretation, and visualization of swath sonar data, acoustic backscatter, seafloor video, seafloor photography, high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom-sediment sampling data. The map products display seafloor morphology and character, identify potential marine benthic habitats, and illustrate both the surficial seafloor geology and shallow (to about 100 m) subsurface geology.
\nThe Offshore of Coal Oil Point map area lies within the central Santa Barbara Channel region of the Southern California Bight. This geologically complex region forms a major biogeographic transition zone, separating the cold-temperate Oregonian province north of Point Conception from the warm-temperate California province to the south. The map area is in the southern part of the Western Transverse Ranges geologic province, which is north of the California Continental Borderland. Significant clockwise rotation—at least 90°—since the early Miocene has been proposed for the Western Transverse Ranges province, and geodetic studies indicate that the region is presently undergoing north-south shortening. Uplift rates (as much as 2.0 mm/yr) that are based on studies of onland marine terraces provide further evidence of significant shortening.
\nThe cities of Goleta and Isla Vista, the main population centers in the map area, are in the western part of a contiguous urban area that extends eastward through Santa Barbara to Carpinteria. This urban area is on the south flank of the east-west-trending Santa Ynez Mountains, on coalescing alluvial fans and uplifted marine terraces underlain by folded and faulted Miocene bedrock. In the map area, the relatively low-relief, elevated coastal bajada narrows from about 2.5 km wide in the east to less than 500 m wide in the west. Several beaches line the actively utilized coastal zone, including Isla Vista County Park beach, Coal Oil Point Reserve, and Goleta Beach County Park. The beaches are subject to erosion each winter during storm-wave attack, and then they undergo gradual recovery or accretion during the more gentle wave climate of the late spring, summer, and fall months.
\nThe Offshore of Coal Oil Point map area lies in the central part of the Santa Barbara littoral cell, which is characterized by littoral drift to the east-southeast. Longshore drift rates have been reported to range from about 160,000 to 800,000 tons/yr, averaging 400,000 tons/yr. Sediment supply to the western and central parts of the littoral cell, including the map area, is largely from relatively small transverse coastal watersheds. Within the map area, these coastal watersheds include (from east to west) Las Llagas Canyon, Gato Canyon, Las Varas Canyon, Dos Pueblos Canyon, Eagle Canyon, Tecolote Canyon, Winchester Canyon, Ellwood Canyon, Glen Annie Canyon, and San Jose Creek. The Santa Ynez and Santa Maria Rivers, the mouths of which are about 100 to 140 km northwest of the map area, are not significant sediment sources because Point Conception and Point Arguello provide obstacles to downcoast sediment transport and also because much of their sediment load is trapped in dams. The Ventura and Santa Clara Rivers, the mouths of which are about 45 to 55 km southeast of the map area, are much larger sediment sources. Still farther east, eastward-moving sediment in the littoral cell is trapped by Hueneme and Mugu Canyons and then transported to the deep-water Santa Monica Basin.
\nThe offshore part of the map area consists of a relatively flat and shallow continental shelf, which dips gently seaward (about 0.8° to 1.0°) so that water depths at the shelf break, roughly coincident with the California’s State Waters limit, are about 90 m. This part of the Santa Barbara Channel is relatively well protected from large Pacific swells from the north and northwest by Point Conception and from the south and southwest by offshore islands and banks. The shelf is underlain by variable amounts of upper Quaternary marine and fluvial sediments deposited as sea level fluctuated in the late Pleistocene.
\nThe large (130 km2) Goleta landslide complex lies along the shelf break in the southern part of the map area. This compound slump complex may have been initiated more than 200,000 years ago, but it also includes three recent failures that may have been generated between 8,000 to 10,000 years ago. A local, 5- to 10-m-high tsunami may have been generated from these failure events.
\nThe map area has had a long history of hydrocarbon development, which began in 1928 with discovery of the Ellwood oil field. Subsequent discoveries in the offshore include South Ellwood offshore oil field, Coal Oil Point oil field, and Naples oil and gas field. Development of South Ellwood offshore field began in 1966 from platform “Holly,” the last platform to be installed in California’s State Waters. The area also is known for “the world’s most spectacular marine hydrocarbon seeps,” and large tar seeps are exposed on beaches east of the mouth of Goleta Slough. Offshore seeps adjacent to South Ellwood oil field release about 40 tons per day of methane and about 19 tons per day of ethane, propane, butane, and higher hydrocarbons.
\nSeafloor habitats in the broad Santa Barbara Channel region consist of significant amounts of soft sediment and isolated areas of rocky habitat that support kelp-forest communities nearshore and rocky-reef communities in deep water. The potential marine benthic habitat types mapped in the Offshore of Coal Oil Point map area are directly related to its Quaternary geologic history, geomorphology, and active sedimentary processes. These potential habitats, which lie primarily within the Shelf (continental shelf) but also partly within the Flank (basin flank or continental slope) megahabitats, range from soft, unconsolidated sediment to hard sedimentary bedrock. This heterogeneous seafloor provides promising habitat for rockfish, groundfish, crabs, shrimp, and other marine benthic organisms.
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2014 - Technical review of managed underground storage of water study of the upper Catherine Creek watershed, Union County, northeastern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-08T12:33:24","indexId":"ofr20141164","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-07T16:35:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1164","title":"Technical review of managed underground storage of water study of the upper Catherine Creek watershed, Union County, northeastern Oregon","docAbstract":"Because of water diversions during summer, flow in Catherine Creek, a tributary to the Grande Ronde River in northeastern Oregon, is insufficient to sustain several aquatic species for which the stream is listed as critical habitat. A feasibility study for managed underground storage (MUS) in the upper Catherine Creek watershed in Union County, Oregon, was undertaken by Anderson Perry and Associates, Inc., to address the issue of low flows in summer. The results of the study were released as a report titled “Upper Catherine Creek Storage Feasibility Study for Grande Ronde Model Watershed,” which evaluated the possibility of diverting Catherine Creek streamflow during winter (when stream discharge is high), storing the water by infiltration or injection into an aquifer adjacent to the stream, and discharging the water back to the stream in summer to augment low flows. The method of MUS would be accomplished using either (1) aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) that allows for the injection of water that meets drinking-water-quality standards into an aquifer for later recovery and use, or (2) artificial recharge (AR) that involves the intentional addition of water diverted from another source to a groundwater reservoir.
\nConcerns by resource managers that the actions taken to improve water availability for upper Catherine Creek be effective, cost-efficient, long-term, and based on sound analysis led the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation to request that the U.S. Geological Survey conduct an independent review and evaluation of the feasibility study. This report contains the results of that review.
\nThe primary objectives of the Anderson Perry and Associates study reviewed here included (1) identifying potentially fatal flaws with the concept of using AR and (or) ASR to augment the streamflow of Catherine Creek, (2) identifying potentially favorable locations for augmenting streamflow, (3) developing and evaluating alternatives for implementing AR and (or) ASR, and (4) identifying next steps and estimated costs for implementation. The Anderson Perry study was not intended as a comprehensive evaluation of feasibility, but, rather, an effort to develop a concept and preliminary evaluation of feasibility. Additionally, the feasibility study was limited to using existing data from which additional data needs were to be identified. The feasibility study mostly accomplished the goals of identifying potential fatal flaws and developing a project implementation plan. However, a more practical discussion of conclusions regarding the feasibility, likelihood for success, achievement of goals, and overall project costs could have received greater emphasis and would be of value to decision makers. With regard to objective (2), the subject report analyzed information from several possible sites examined for an MUS system. Sufficient cause is provided in the subject report to identify the basalt aquifer in the Milk Creek sub-area as having the greatest potential for MUS. Therefore, this review is primarily focused on the Milk Creek sub-area and the basalt aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141164","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation","usgsCitation":"Snyder, D.T., 2014, Technical review of managed underground storage of water study of the upper Catherine Creek watershed, Union County, northeastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1164, iv, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141164.","productDescription":"iv, 38 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049469","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291874,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291872,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1164/"},{"id":291873,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1164/pdf/ofr2014-1164.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Union County","otherGeospatial":"Upper Catherine Creek Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.00,45.125 ], [ -118.00,45.375 ], [ -117.625,45.375 ], [ -117.625,45.125 ], [ -118.00,45.125 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f097e4b0bc0bec09f855","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, Daniel T. dtsnyder@usgs.gov","contributorId":820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Daniel","email":"dtsnyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":497340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70114985,"text":"ds867 - 2014 - Characterization of selected bed-sediment-bound organic and inorganic contaminants and toxicity, Barnegat Bay and major tributaries, New Jersey, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-07T16:11:35","indexId":"ds867","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-07T15:43:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"867","title":"Characterization of selected bed-sediment-bound organic and inorganic contaminants and toxicity, Barnegat Bay and major tributaries, New Jersey, 2012","docAbstract":"A study of bed-sediment toxicity and organic and inorganic contaminants was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP). Bed-sediment samples were collected once from 22 sites in Barnegat Bay and selected major tributaries during August–September 2012 and analyzed for toxicity and a suite of organic and inorganic contaminants by the USGS and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Sampling sites were selected to coincide with an existing water-quality monitoring network used by the NJDEP and others in order to evaluate water-quality conditions in Barnegat Bay and the surrounding watershed. Two of the 22 sites are reference sites and are within or adjacent to the study area; bed-sediment samples from reference sites allow for comparisons of results for the Barnegat Bay watershed to results from less affected settings within the region. Toxicity testing was conducted by exposing the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus and the freshwater amphipod Hyalella azteca to sediments for 28 days, and the percent survival, difference in biomass, and individual dry weights were measured. Reproductive effects also were evaluated for estuarine samples. Bed-sediment samples from four sites within Barnegat Bay were subjected to a toxicity identification evaluation to determine probable causes of toxicity. Samples were analyzed for a suite of 94 currently-used pesticides, 21 legacy pesticides, 24 trace elements, 40 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 7 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as Arochlor mixtures, and 145 individual PCB congeners. Concentrations of detected compounds were compared to sediment-quality guidelines, where appropriate.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds867","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Romanok, K., Reilly, T.J., Lopez, A.R., Trainor, J.J., Hladik, M., Stanley, J.K., and Farrar, D., 2014, Characterization of selected bed-sediment-bound organic and inorganic contaminants and toxicity, Barnegat Bay and major tributaries, New Jersey, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 867, Report: x, 51 p.; Appendix 1, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds867.","productDescription":"Report: x, 51 p.; Appendix 1","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2012-08-01","temporalEnd":"2012-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-051089","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291867,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds867.jpg"},{"id":291865,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0867/pdf/ds867.pdf"},{"id":291866,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0867/pdf/ds867-appendix1.pdf"},{"id":291864,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0867/"}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Barnegat Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.833333,39.333333 ], [ -74.833333,40.25 ], [ -74.0,40.25 ], [ -74.0,39.333333 ], [ -74.833333,39.333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e484b2e4b0fff4042801c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romanok, Kristin M.","contributorId":6523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanok","given":"Kristin M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reilly, Timothy J. 0000-0002-2939-3050 tjreilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2939-3050","contributorId":1858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Timothy","email":"tjreilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lopez, Anthony R.","contributorId":21471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trainor, John J. 0000-0002-6603-2684 jtrainor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6603-2684","contributorId":5408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trainor","given":"John","email":"jtrainor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hladik, Michelle 0000-0002-0891-2712 mhladik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"Michelle","email":"mhladik@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stanley, Jacob K.","contributorId":96590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Farrar, Daniel","contributorId":21871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70116625,"text":"ofr20141150 - 2014 - Landscape and climate science and scenarios for Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-07T16:13:54","indexId":"ofr20141150","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-07T15:36:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1150","title":"Landscape and climate science and scenarios for Florida","docAbstract":"The Peninsular Florida Landscape Conservation Cooperative (PFLCC) is part of a network of 22 Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (LCCs) that extend from Alaska to the Caribbean. LCCs are regional-applied conservation-science partnerships among Federal agencies, regional organizations, States, tribes, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), private stakeholders, universities, and other entities within a geographic area. The goal of these conservation-science partnerships is to help inform managers and decision makers at a landscape scale to further the principles of adaptive management and strategic habitat conservation. A major focus for LCCs is to help conservation managers and decision makers respond to large-scale ecosystem and habitat stressors, such as climate change, habitat fragmentation, invasive species, and water scarcity.
\nThe purpose of the PFLCC is to facilitate planning, design, and implementation of conservation strategies for fish and wildlife species at the landscape level using the adaptive management framework of strategic habitat conservation—integrating planning, design, delivery, and evaluation. Florida faces a set of unique challenges when responding to regional and global stressors because of its unique ecosystems and assemblages of species, its geographic location at the crossroads of temperate and tropical climates, and its exposure to both rapid urbanization and rising sea levels as the climate warms.
\nIn response to these challenges, several landscape-scale science projects were initiated with the goal of informing decision makers about how potential changes in climate and the built environment could impact habitats and ecosystems of concern in Florida and the Southeast United States. In June 2012, the PFLCC, North Carolina State University, convened a workshop at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal and Marine Science Center in St. Petersburg to assess the results of these integrated assessments and to foster an open dialogue about science gaps and future research needs.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141150","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Peninsular Florida Landscape Conservation Cooperative and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Terando, A., Traxler, S., and Collazo, J., 2014, Landscape and climate science and scenarios for Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1150, iv, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141150.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"39","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055827","costCenters":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291862,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141150.jpg"},{"id":291860,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1150/"},{"id":291861,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1150/pdf/ofr2014-1150.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.63,24.52 ], [ -87.63,31.0 ], [ -80.03,31.0 ], [ -80.03,24.52 ], [ -87.63,24.52 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e484b6e4b0fff4042801c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Terando, Adam","contributorId":28903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terando","given":"Adam","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Traxler, Steve","contributorId":98231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Traxler","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime","contributorId":85517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70117567,"text":"ofr20141156 - 2014 - Karst in the United States: A digital map compilation and database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:28:59","indexId":"ofr20141156","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-07T10:26:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1156","title":"Karst in the United States: A digital map compilation and database","docAbstract":"This report describes new digital maps delineating areas of the United States, including Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, having karst or the potential for development of karst and pseudokarst. These maps show areas underlain by soluble rocks and also by volcanic rocks, sedimentary deposits, and permafrost that have potential for karst or pseudokarst development. All 50 States contain rocks with potential for karst development, and about 18 percent of their area is underlain by soluble rocks having karst or the potential for development of karst features. The areas of soluble rocks shown are based primarily on selection from State geologic maps of rock units containing significant amounts of carbonate or evaporite minerals. Areas underlain by soluble rocks are further classified by general climate setting, degree of induration, and degree of exposure. Areas having potential for volcanic pseudokarst are those underlain chiefly by basaltic-flow rocks no older than Miocene in age. Areas with potential for pseudokarst features in sedimentary rocks are in relatively unconsolidated rocks from which pseudokarst features, such as piping caves, have been reported. Areas having potential for development of thermokarst features, mapped exclusively in Alaska, contain permafrost in relatively thick surficial deposits containing ground ice. This report includes a GIS database with links from the map unit polygons to online geologic unit descriptions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141156","usgsCitation":"Weary, D.J., and Doctor, D.H., 2014, Karst in the United States: A digital map compilation and database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1156, Report: iv, 23 p.; 6 Figures; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141156.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 23 p.; 6 Figures; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052217","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141156.jpg"},{"id":373540,"rank":11,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1156/downloads/README.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":291823,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1156/"},{"id":291825,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1156/pdf/of2014-1156.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":291824,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1156/downloads","text":"Downloads Directory"},{"id":373534,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1156/pdf/of2014-1156_hi-res-pdfs/of2014-1156_figure_1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":373535,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1156/pdf/of2014-1156_hi-res-pdfs/of2014-1156_figure_2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":373539,"rank":10,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1156/pdf/of2014-1156_hi-res-pdfs/of2014-1156_figure_6.pdf","text":"Figure 6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":373536,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1156/pdf/of2014-1156_hi-res-pdfs/of2014-1156_figure_3.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":373537,"rank":8,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1156/pdf/of2014-1156_hi-res-pdfs/of2014-1156_figure_4.pdf","text":"Figure 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":373538,"rank":9,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1156/pdf/of2014-1156_hi-res-pdfs/of2014-1156_figure_5.pdf","text":"Figure 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e484b6e4b0fff4042801c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weary, David J. 0000-0002-6115-6397 dweary@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-6397","contributorId":545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weary","given":"David","email":"dweary@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doctor, Daniel H. 0000-0002-8338-9722 dhdoctor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-9722","contributorId":2037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doctor","given":"Daniel","email":"dhdoctor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70118860,"text":"ofr20141162 - 2014 - Preliminary simulation of chloride transport in the Equus Beds aquifer and simulated effects of well pumping and artificial recharge on groundwater flow and chloride transport near the city of Wichita, Kansas, 1990 through 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-07T10:26:26","indexId":"ofr20141162","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-07T10:18:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1162","title":"Preliminary simulation of chloride transport in the Equus Beds aquifer and simulated effects of well pumping and artificial recharge on groundwater flow and chloride transport near the city of Wichita, Kansas, 1990 through 2008","docAbstract":"The Equus Beds aquifer in south-central Kansas is a primary water-supply source for the city of Wichita. Water-level declines because of groundwater pumping for municipal and irrigation needs as well as sporadic drought conditions have caused concern about the adequacy of the Equus Beds aquifer as a future water supply for Wichita. In March 2006, the city of Wichita began construction of the Equus Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery project, a plan to artificially recharge the aquifer with excess water from the Little Arkansas River. Artificial recharge will raise groundwater levels, increase storage volume in the aquifer, and deter or slow down a plume of chloride brine approaching the Wichita well field from the Burrton, Kansas area caused by oil production activities in the 1930s. Another source of high chloride water to the aquifer is the Arkansas River. This study was prepared in cooperation with the city of Wichita as part of the Equus Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery project.
\nChloride transport in the Equus Beds aquifer was simulated between the Arkansas and Little Arkansas Rivers near the Wichita well field. Chloride transport was simulated for the Equus Beds aquifer using SEAWAT, a computer program that combines the groundwater-flow model MODFLOW-2000 and the solute-transport model MT3DMS. The chloride-transport model was used to simulate the period from 1990 through 2008 and the effects of five well pumping scenarios and one artificial recharge scenario. The chloride distribution in the aquifer for the beginning of 1990 was interpolated from groundwater samples from around that time, and the chloride concentrations in rivers for the study period were interpolated from surface water samples.
\nFive well-pumping scenarios and one artificial-recharge scenario were assessed for their effects on simulated chloride transport and water levels in and around the Wichita well field. The scenarios were: (1) existing 1990 through 2008 pumping conditions, to serve as a baseline scenario for comparison with the hypothetical scenarios; (2) no pumping in the model area, to demonstrate the chloride movement without the influence of well pumping; (3) double municipal pumping from the Wichita well field with existing irrigation pumping; (4) existing municipal pumping with no irrigation pumping in the model area; (5) double municipal pumping in the Wichita well field and no irrigation pumping in the model area; and (6) increasing artificial recharge to the Phase 1 Artificial Storage and Recovery project sites by 2,300 acre-feet per year.
\nThe effects of the hypothetical pumping and artificial recharge scenarios on simulated chloride transport were measured by comparing the rate of movement of the 250-milligrams-per-liter-chloride front for each hypothetical scenario with the baseline scenario at the Arkansas River area near the southern part of the Wichita well field and the Burrton plume area. The scenarios that increased the rate of movement the most compared to the baseline scenario of existing pumping between the Arkansas River and the southern boundary of the well field were those that doubled the city of Wichita’s pumping from the well field (scenarios 3 and 5), increasing the rate of movement by 50 to 150 feet per year, with the highest rate increases in the shallow layer and the lowest rate increases in the deepest layer. The no pumping and no irrigation pumping scenarios (2 and 4) slowed the rate of movement in this area by 150 to 210 feet per year and 40 to 70 feet per year, respectively. In the double Wichita pumping scenario (3), the rate of movement in the shallow layer of the Burrton area decreased by about 50 feet per year. Simulated chloride rate of movement in the deeper layers of the Burrton area was decreased in the no pumping and no irrigation scenarios (2 and 4) by 80 to 120 feet per year and 50 feet per year, respectively, and increased in the scenarios that double Wichita’s pumping (3 and 5) from the well field by zero to 130 feet per year, with the largest increases in the deepest layer. In the increased Phase 1 artificial recharge scenario (6), the rate of chloride movement in the Burrton area increased in the shallow layer by about 30 feet per year, and decreased in the middle and deepest layer by about 10 and 60 feet per year, respectively. Comparisons of the rate of movement of the simulated 250-milligrams-per-liter-chloride front in the hypothetical scenarios to the baseline scenario indicated that, in general, increases to pumping in the well field area increased the rate of simulated chloride movement toward the well field area by as much as 150 feet per year. Reductions in pumping slowed the advance of chloride toward the well field by as much as 210 feet per year, although reductions did not stop the movement of chloride toward the well field, including when pumping rates were eliminated. If pumping is completely discontinued, the rate of chloride movement is about 500 to 600 feet per year in the area between the Arkansas River and the southern part of the Wichita well field, and 70 to 500 feet per year in the area near Burrton with the highest rate of movement in the shallow aquifer layer.
\nThe averages of simulated water-levels in index monitoring wells in the Wichita well field at the end of 2008 were calculated for each scenario. Compared to the baseline scenario, the average simulated water level was 5.05 feet higher for the no pumping scenario, 4.72 feet lower for the double Wichita pumping with existing irrigation scenario, 2.49 feet higher for the no irrigation pumping with existing Wichita pumping scenario, 1.53 feet lower for the double Wichita pumping with no irrigation scenario, and 0.48 feet higher for the increased Phase 1 artificial recharge scenario.
\nThe groundwater flow was simulated with a preexisting groundwater-flow model, which was not altered to calibrate the solute-transport model to observed chloride-concentration data. Therefore, some areas in the model had poor fit between simulated chloride concentrations and observed chloride concentrations, including the area between Arkansas River and the southern part of the Wichita well field, and the Hollow-Nikkel area about 6 miles north of Burrton. Compared to the interpreted location of the 250-milligrams per liter-chloride front based on data collected in 2011, in the Arkansas River area the simulated 250-milligrams per liter-chloride front moved from the river toward the well field about twice the rate of the actual 250-milligrams per liter-chloride front in the shallow layer and about four times the rate of the actual 250-milligrams per liter-chloride front in the deep layer. Future groundwater-flow and chloride-transport modeling efforts may achieve better agreement between observed and simulated chloride concentrations in these areas by taking the chloride-transport model fit into account when adjusting parameters such as hydraulic conductivity, riverbed conductance, and effective porosity during calibration.
\nResults of the hypothetical scenarios simulated indicate that the Burrton chloride plume will continue moving toward the well field regardless of pumping in the area and that one alternative may be to increase pumping from within the plume area to reverse the groundwater-flow gradients and remove the plume. Additionally, the results of modeling these scenarios indicate that eastward movement of the Burrton plume could be slowed by the additional artificial recharge at the Phase 1 sites and that decreasing pumping along the Arkansas River or increasing water levels could retard the movement of chloride and may prevent further encroachment into the southern part of the well field area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141162","collaboration":"In cooperation with the City of Wichita","usgsCitation":"Klager, B.J., Kelly, B.P., and Ziegler, A., 2014, Preliminary simulation of chloride transport in the Equus Beds aquifer and simulated effects of well pumping and artificial recharge on groundwater flow and chloride transport near the city of Wichita, Kansas, 1990 through 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1162, Report: viii, 76 p.; Appendix 1, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141162.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 76 p.; Appendix 1","numberOfPages":"84","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1990-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-052749","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141162.jpg"},{"id":291821,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1162/downloads/"},{"id":291819,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1162/pdf/ofr2014-1162.pdf"},{"id":291804,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1162/"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 14","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Kansas","city":"Wichita","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.333333,37.633333 ], [ -98.333333,38.5 ], [ -97.0,38.5 ], [ -97.0,37.633333 ], [ -98.333333,37.633333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e484b6e4b0fff4042801cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klager, Brian J. 0000-0001-8361-6043 bklager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8361-6043","contributorId":5543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klager","given":"Brian","email":"bklager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelly, Brian P. 0000-0001-6378-2837 bkelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-2837","contributorId":897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Brian","email":"bkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ziegler, Andrew C. aziegler@usgs.gov","contributorId":433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziegler","given":"Andrew C.","email":"aziegler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":497337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70119523,"text":"ofr20141036 - 2014 - Geologic map of the Gila Hot Springs 7.5' quadrangle and the Cliff Dwellings National Monument, Catron and Grant Counties, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T19:25:28.866196","indexId":"ofr20141036","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-07T10:16:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1036","title":"Geologic map of the Gila Hot Springs 7.5' quadrangle and the Cliff Dwellings National Monument, Catron and Grant Counties, New Mexico","docAbstract":"The Gila Hot Springs quadrangle is of geologic interest with respect to four major features, which are:
\n1)\tThe caves of the Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument
\n2)\tThe hot springs associated with the faults of the Gila Hot Springs graben
\n3)\tThe Alum Mountain rhyolite dome and eruptive center
\n4)\tA proposed segment of the southeastern wall of the Gila Cliff Dwellings caldera
\nThe Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument consists of two tracts. The caves that were inhabited by the Mogollon people in the 14th century are in the main tract near the mouth of Cliff Dweller Canyon in the Little Turkey Park 7.5' quadrangle adjoining the northwest corner of the Gila Hot Springs quadrangle. The second tract includes the Cliff Dwellings National Monument Visitor Center at the confluence of the West and Middle Forks of the Gila River in the northwest corner of the Gila Hot Springs quadrangle. Both quadrangles are within the Gila National Forest and the Gila Wilderness except for a narrow corridor that provides access to the National Monument and the small ranching and residential community at Gila Center in the Gila River valley.
\nThe caves in Cliff Dweller Canyon were developed in the Gila Conglomerate of probable Miocene? and Pleistocene? age in this area by processes of lateral corrosion and spring sapping along the creek in Cliff Dweller Canyon.
\nThe hot springs in the Gila River valley are localized along faults in the deepest part of the Gila Hot Springs graben, which cuts diagonally northwest-southeast across the central part of the quadrangle. Some of the springs provide domestic hot water for space heating and agriculture in the Gila River valley and represent a possible thermal resource for development at the Cliff Dwellings National Monument.
\nThe Alum Mountain rhyolite dome and eruptive center in the southwestern part of the quadrangle is a colorful area of altered and mineralized rocks that is satellitic to the larger Copperas Canyon eruptive center, both being part of the composite Copperas Creek volcano, or volcanic complex in the Copperas Peak quadrangle to the south. The altered rocks of the Alum Mountain eruptive center have been prospected by means of several short adits, or tunnels, for alum, a mixture of the iron and aluminum sulfate minerals: alunite and halotrichite.
\nA fault on the west side of the Gila River, opposite the hot springs in the south-central part of the map area, just north of Alum Mountain, is tentatively interpreted as a segment of the wall of the Gila Cliff Dwellings caldera. The fault, which dips about 55 degrees northwest, has a footwall of the andesitic and dacitic lava flows and flow breccias of Gila Flat. The hanging wall consists of Bloodgood Canyon Tuff overlain by Bearwallow Mountain Andesite flows. However, these rocks are not faulted against the older rocks, but apparently abut and locally overlap the footwall.
\nThese are the major geologic features of the quadrangle, about three quarters of which is covered by Bearwallow Mountain Andesite lava flows and overlying volcaniclastic rocks of the Gila Conglomerate.
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