{"pageNumber":"1304","pageRowStart":"32575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165309,"records":[{"id":70168863,"text":"70168863 - 2014 - Hematite-bearing materials surrounding Candor Mensa in Candor Chasma, Mars: Implications for hematite origin and post-emplacement modification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-11T09:41:06","indexId":"70168863","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hematite-bearing materials surrounding Candor Mensa in Candor Chasma, Mars: Implications for hematite origin and post-emplacement modification","docAbstract":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">The Valles Marineris canyon system on Mars is of enduring scientific interest in part due to the presence of interior mounds that contain extensive layering and water-altered minerals, such as crystalline gray hematite and hydrated sulfates. The presence of hematite and hydrated sulfate minerals is important because their host rock lithologies provide information about past environments that may have supported liquid water and may have been habitable. This work further defines the association and relationship between hematite-bearing materials and low albedo (presumably aeolian) deposits and layered materials, identifies physical characteristics that are strongly correlated with the presence of hematite, and refines hypotheses for the origin and post-emplacement modification (including transport) of these hematite-bearing and associated materials. There are only three regions surrounding Candor Mensa where hematite has been identified, even though morphologic properties are similar throughout the entire mensa. Three possible explanations for why hematite is only exposed in these regions include: (1) the topographic structure of the mensa walls concentrates hematite at the base of the layered deposits, influencing the ability to detect hematite from orbit; (2) the presence of differing amounts of &ldquo;dark mantling material&rdquo; and hematite-free erosional sediment; (3) the potential fracturing of the mensa and the influence of these structures on fluid flow and subsequent digenesis. The observations of hematite-bearing materials in this work support the hypothesis that hematite is eroding from a unit in the Candor Mensa interior layered deposits (ILD) and is being concentrated as a lag deposit adjacent to the lower layers of Candor Mensa and at the base in the form of dark aeolian material. Due to the similar geologic context associated with hematite-bearing and ILD materials throughout the Valles Marineris canyon system, the insight gained from studying these materials surrounding Candor Mensa can likely be applicable to similar layered deposits throughout Valles Marineris.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2014.04.038","usgsCitation":"Fergason, R.L., Gaddis, L.R., and Rogers, A.D., 2014, Hematite-bearing materials surrounding Candor Mensa in Candor Chasma, Mars: Implications for hematite origin and post-emplacement modification: Icarus, v. 237, p. 350-365, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2014.04.038.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"350","endPage":"365","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041676","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Candor Chasma, Mars, Valles Marineris canyon system","volume":"237","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56deb457e4b015c306fb8a29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fergason, Robin L. 0000-0002-2044-1714 rfergason@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2044-1714","contributorId":2753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fergason","given":"Robin","email":"rfergason@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gaddis, Lisa R. 0000-0001-9953-5483 lgaddis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-5483","contributorId":2817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaddis","given":"Lisa","email":"lgaddis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rogers, A. D.","contributorId":167366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70104158,"text":"sir20145081 - 2014 - Analysis of potential water-supply management options, 2010-60, and documentation of revisions to the model of the Irwin Basin Aquifer System, Fort Irwin National Training Center, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-15T08:15:52","indexId":"sir20145081","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-14T16:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5081","title":"Analysis of potential water-supply management options, 2010-60, and documentation of revisions to the model of the Irwin Basin Aquifer System, Fort Irwin National Training Center, California","docAbstract":"<p>The Fort Irwin National Training Center is considering several alternatives to manage their limited water-supply sources in the Irwin Basin. An existing three-dimensional, finite-difference groundwater-flow model—the U.S. Geological Survey’s MODFLOW—of the aquifer system in the basin was updated and the initial input dataset was supplemented with groundwater withdrawal data for the period 2000–10. The updated model was then used to simulate four combinations, or scenarios, of groundwater withdrawal and recharge over the next 50 years (January 2011 through December 2060). The scenarios included combinations of continuing withdrawals from currently active production wells, supplementing any increases in demand with withdrawals from an inactive production well, reducing withdrawal amounts and rates, and reducing the discharge of treated wastewater to infiltration ponds that provide a recharge source to the underlying aquifer. Results of the simulations indicated that, depending on the scenario implemented, groundwater levels would rise (over the next 50 years) from 40 feet to as much as 65 feet in the northwestern part of the Irwin Basin, and from 5 feet to 10 feet in the southeastern part.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145081","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Voronin, L.M., Densmore, J., and Martin, P., 2014, Analysis of potential water-supply management options, 2010-60, and documentation of revisions to the model of the Irwin Basin Aquifer System, Fort Irwin National Training Center, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5081, viii, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145081.","productDescription":"viii, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-038725","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":290011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145081.jpg"},{"id":290081,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5081/pdf/sir2014-5081.pdf"},{"id":290080,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5081/"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 11","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"For Irwin National Training Center","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.75,34.75 ], [ -117.75,35.75 ], [ -116.00,35.75 ], [ -116.00,34.75 ], [ -117.75,34.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c4edd2e4b0b58d96eeb53c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voronin, Lois M. 0000-0002-1064-1675 lvoronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1064-1675","contributorId":1475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voronin","given":"Lois","email":"lvoronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Densmore, Jill N. 0000-0002-5345-6613","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-6613","contributorId":89179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Jill N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70100275,"text":"sir20145045 - 2014 - Discovery and analysis of time delay sources in the USGS personal computer data collection platform (PCDCP) system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-14T16:16:23","indexId":"sir20145045","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-14T16:12:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5045","title":"Discovery and analysis of time delay sources in the USGS personal computer data collection platform (PCDCP) system","docAbstract":"Intermagnet is an international oversight group which exists to establish a global network for geomagnetic observatories. This group establishes data standards and standard operating procedures for members and prospective members. Intermagnet has proposed a new One-Second Data Standard, for that emerging geomagnetic product. The standard specifies that all data collected must have a time stamp accuracy of ±10 milliseconds of the top-of-the-second Coordinated Universal Time. Therefore, the U.S. Geological Survey Geomagnetism Program has designed and executed several tests on its current data collection system, the Personal Computer Data Collection Platform. Tests are designed to measure the time shifts introduced by individual components within the data collection system, as well as to measure the time shift introduced by the entire Personal Computer Data Collection Platform. Additional testing designed for Intermagnet will be used to validate further such measurements. Current results of the measurements showed a 5.0–19.9 millisecond lag for the vertical channel (Z) of the Personal Computer Data Collection Platform and a 13.0–25.8 millisecond lag for horizontal channels (H and D) of the collection system. These measurements represent a dynamically changing delay introduced within the U.S. Geological Survey Personal Computer Data Collection Platform.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145045","usgsCitation":"White, T.C., Sauter, E.A., and Stewart, D., 2014, Discovery and analysis of time delay sources in the USGS personal computer data collection platform (PCDCP) system: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5045, vi, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145045.","productDescription":"vi, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052931","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":290001,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145045.jpg"},{"id":290000,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5045/pdf/sir2014-5045.pdf"},{"id":289999,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5045/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c4edd4e4b0b58d96eeb53e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Timothy C.","contributorId":75859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauter, Edward A. 0000-0001-7541-8506 esauter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7541-8506","contributorId":3773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauter","given":"Edward","email":"esauter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, Duff C.","contributorId":42886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Duff C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70115121,"text":"ofr20141134 - 2014 - Mapping habitat for multiple species in the Desert Southwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-14T15:28:12","indexId":"ofr20141134","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-14T15:11:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1134","title":"Mapping habitat for multiple species in the Desert Southwest","docAbstract":"Many utility scale renewable energy projects are currently proposed across the Mojave Ecoregion. Agencies that manage biological resources throughout this region need to understand the potential impacts of these renewable energy projects and their associated infrastructure (for example, transmission corridors, substations, access roads, etc.) on species movement, genetic exchange among populations, and species’ abilities to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Understanding these factors will help managers’ select appropriate project sites and possibly mitigate for anticipated effects of management activities. We used species distribution models to map habitat for 15 species across the Mojave Ecoregion to aid regional land-use management planning. Models were developed using a common 1 × 1 kilometer resolution with maximum entropy and generalized additive models. Occurrence data were compiled from multiple sources, including VertNet (<a href=\"http://vertnet.org/\" target=\"_blank\">http://vertnet.org/</a>), HerpNET (<a href=\"http://www.herpnet.org\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.herpnet.org</a>), and MaNIS (<a href=\"http://manisnet.org\" target=\"_blank\">http://manisnet.org</a>), as well as from internal U.S. Geological Survey databases and other biologists. Background data included 20 environmental covariates representing terrain, vegetation, and climate covariates. This report summarizes these environmental covariates and species distribution models used to predict habitat for the 15 species across the Mojave Ecoregion.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141134","usgsCitation":"Inman, R., Nussear, K.E., Esque, T., Vandergast, A.G., Hathaway, S.A., Wood, D.A., Barr, K.R., and Fisher, R.N., 2014, Mapping habitat for multiple species in the Desert Southwest: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1134, Report: vi, 92 p.; Species Distribution Models; Environmental Covariates, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141134.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 92 p.; Species Distribution Models; Environmental Covariates","numberOfPages":"102","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053970","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289984,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1134/"},{"id":289987,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1134/downloads/ofr2014-1134_SDMs.zip"},{"id":289986,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1134/pdf/ofr2014-1134.pdf"},{"id":289988,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1134/downloads/ofr2014-1134_Covariates.zip"},{"id":289989,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141134.PNG"}],"projection":"USA Contiguous Albers Equal Area Projection","country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Ecoregion","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.5,32.0 ], [ -119.5,38.0 ], [ -112.5,38.0 ], [ -112.5,32.0 ], [ -119.5,32.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c4edd7e4b0b58d96eeb542","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Inman, Richard D.","contributorId":91201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Inman","given":"Richard D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E. knussear@usgs.gov","contributorId":2695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"knussear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":3221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":97617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hathaway, Stacie A. 0000-0002-4167-8059 sahathaway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4167-8059","contributorId":3420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hathaway","given":"Stacie","email":"sahathaway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wood, Dustin A. 0000-0002-7668-9911 dawood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7668-9911","contributorId":4179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Dustin","email":"dawood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Barr, Kelly R. kelly_barr@usgs.gov","contributorId":5628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"Kelly","email":"kelly_barr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70156830,"text":"70156830 - 2014 - Dynamic response to strike-slip tectonic control on the deposition and evolution of the Baranof Fan, Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-31T09:45:54","indexId":"70156830","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-14T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamic response to strike-slip tectonic control on the deposition and evolution of the Baranof Fan, Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Baranof Fan is one of three large deep-sea fans in the Gulf of Alaska, and is a key component in understanding large-scale erosion and sedimentation patterns for southeast Alaska and western Canada. We integrate new and existing seismic reflection profiles to provide new constraints on the Baranof Fan area, geometry, volume, and channel development. We estimate the fan&rsquo;s area and total sediment volume to be &sim;323,000 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;and &sim;301,000 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>, respectively, making it among the largest deep-sea fans in the world. We show that the Baranof Fan consists of channel-levee deposits from at least three distinct aggradational channel systems: the currently active Horizon and Mukluk channels, and the waning system we call the Baranof channel. The oldest sedimentary deposits are in the northern fan, and the youngest deposits at the fan&rsquo;s southern extent; in addition, the channels seem to avulse southward consistently through time. We suggest that Baranof Fan sediment is sourced from the Coast Mountains in southeastern Alaska, transported offshore most recently via fjord to glacial sea valley conduits. Because of the translation of the Pacific plate northwest past sediment sources on the North American plate along the Queen Charlotte strike-slip fault, we suggest that new channel formation, channel beheadings, and southward-migrating channel avulsions have been influenced by regional tectonics. Using a simplified tectonic reconstruction assuming a constant Pacific plate motion of 4.4 cm/yr, we estimate that Baranof Fan deposition initiated ca. 7 Ma.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/GES01034.1","usgsCitation":"Walton, M.A., Gulick, S., Reece, R.S., Barth, G., Christeson, G.L., and VanAvendonk, H.J., 2014, Dynamic response to strike-slip tectonic control on the deposition and evolution of the Baranof Fan, Gulf of Alaska: Geosphere, v. 10, no. 4, p. 680-691, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01034.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"680","endPage":"691","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054718","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472878,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01034.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307710,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e57aade4b05561fa20868e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walton, Maureen A. L.","contributorId":147200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walton","given":"Maureen","email":"","middleInitial":"A. L.","affiliations":[{"id":13603,"text":"University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gulick, Sean P. S.","contributorId":147201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gulick","given":"Sean P. S.","affiliations":[{"id":13603,"text":"University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reece, Robert S.","contributorId":147202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reece","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barth, Ginger A. gbarth@usgs.gov","contributorId":3595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barth","given":"Ginger A.","email":"gbarth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Christeson, Gail L.","contributorId":147203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christeson","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13603,"text":"University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"VanAvendonk, Harm J.","contributorId":147204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"VanAvendonk","given":"Harm","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13603,"text":"University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70098941,"text":"sim3292 - 2014 - Geologic map of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-17T18:34:34.570489","indexId":"sim3292","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-14T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3292","title":"Geologic map of Mars","docAbstract":"<p>This global geologic map of Mars, which records the distribution of geologic units and landforms on the planet's surface through time, is based on unprecedented variety, quality, and quantity of remotely sensed data acquired since the Viking Orbiters. These data have provided morphologic, topographic, spectral, thermophysical, radar sounding, and other observations for integration, analysis, and interpretation in support of geologic mapping. In particular, the precise topographic mapping now available has enabled consistent morphologic portrayal of the surface for global mapping (whereas previously used visual-range image bases were less effective, because they combined morphologic and albedo information and, locally, atmospheric haze). Also, thermal infrared image bases used for this map tended to be less affected by atmospheric haze and thus are reliable for analysis of surface morphology and texture at even higher resolution than the topographic products.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3292","collaboration":"Prepared for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, K.L., Skinner, J., Dohm, J.M., Irwin, R.P., Kolb, E.J., Fortezzo, C.M., Platz, T., Michael, G.G., and Hare, T.M., 2014, Geologic map of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3292, Map Sheet: 55.89 x 42.70 inches; Pamphlet: ii, 43 p.; Figure 2; Table D1; Description of Map Units with locality images; Readme; Metadata: TXT; Metadata: XML; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3292.","productDescription":"Map Sheet: 55.89 x 42.70 inches; Pamphlet: ii, 43 p.; Figure 2; Table D1; Description of Map Units with locality images; Readme; Metadata: TXT; Metadata: XML; Database","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042532","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438753,"rank":13,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PBKSGE","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Interactive Map: USGS SIM 3292 Geologic Map of Mars"},{"id":289770,"rank":11,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3292.jpg"},{"id":289766,"rank":10,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3292/downloads/sim3292_readme.txt","size":"6 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":289761,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3292/pdf/sim3292_map.pdf","text":"Map Sheet","size":"35.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":289763,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3292/pdf/sim3292_figure2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","size":"370 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":289767,"rank":6,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3292/downloads/sim3292_metadata.txt","text":"Metadata TXT","size":"14 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":289768,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3292/downloads/sim3292_metadata.xml","text":"Metadata XML","size":"15 kB"},{"id":289762,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3292/pdf/sim3292_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"3.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":289769,"rank":2,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3292/downloads/sim3292_database.zip","text":"Database ZIP","size":"790 MB"},{"id":400816,"rank":12,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PBKSGE","text":"Interactive map","linkHelpText":"- Geologic Map of Mars, 1:20M. Tanaka et al. (2014)"},{"id":289765,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3292/pdf/sim3292_dmu_with_locality_images.pdf","text":"Description of Map Units with locality images","size":"791 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":289764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3292/pdf/sim3292_tabled1.pdf","text":"Table D1","size":"133 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":289760,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3292/"}],"scale":"20000000","projection":"Robinson Pseudocylindrical Projection","otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c4edd5e4b0b58d96eeb540","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, Kenneth L. ktanaka@usgs.gov","contributorId":610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanaka","given":"Kenneth","email":"ktanaka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skinner, James A. 0000-0002-3644-7010 jskinner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3644-7010","contributorId":3187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"James A.","email":"jskinner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dohm, James M.","contributorId":83610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dohm","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irwin, Rossman P. III","contributorId":59718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"Rossman","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kolb, Eric J.","contributorId":97823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolb","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fortezzo, Corey M. 0000-0001-8188-5530 cfortezzo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-5530","contributorId":25383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortezzo","given":"Corey","email":"cfortezzo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":130,"text":"Astrogeology Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Platz, Thomas","contributorId":64974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Platz","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Michael, Gregory G.","contributorId":36467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hare, Trent M. 0000-0001-8842-389X thare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":3188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"Trent","email":"thare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70116454,"text":"ofr20141145 - 2014 - Mercury in fishes from Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-11T16:20:23","indexId":"ofr20141145","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T16:16:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1145","title":"Mercury in fishes from Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska","docAbstract":"In this study, mercury (Hg) concentrations were examined in fishes from Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska, the largest and one of the most remote units in the national park system. The goals of the study were to (1) examine the distribution of Hg in select lakes of Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve; (2) evaluate the differences in Hg concentrations among fish species and with fish age and size; and (3) assess the potential ecological risks of Hg to park fishes, wildlife, and human consumers by comparing Hg concentrations to a series of risk benchmarks. Total Hg concentrations ranged from 17.9 to 616.4 nanograms per gram wet weight (ng/g ww), with a mean (± standard error) of 180.0 ±17.9 across the 83 individuals sampled. Without accounting for the effects of size, Hg concentrations varied by a factor of 10.9 across sites and species. After accounting for the effects of size, Hg concentrations were even more variable, differing by a factor of as much as 13.2 within a single species sampled from two lakes. Such inter-site variation suggests that site characteristics play an important role in determining fish Hg concentrations and that more intensive sampling may be necessary to adequately characterize Hg contamination in the park. Size-normalized Hg concentrations also differed among three species sampled from Tanada Lake, and Hg concentrations were strongly correlated with age. Furthermore, potential risks to park fish, wildlife, and human users were variable across lakes and species. Although no fish from two of the lakes studied (Grizzly Lake and Summit Lake) had Hg concentrations exceeding any of the benchmarks used, concentrations in Copper Lake and Tanada Lake exceeded conservative benchmarks for bird (90 ng/g ww in whole-body) and human (150 ng/g ww in muscle) consumption. In Tanada Lake, concentrations in most fishes also exceeded benchmarks for risk to moderate- and low-sensitivity avian consumers (180 and 270 ng/g ww in whole-body, respectively), as well as the concentration at which Alaska State guidelines suggest at-risk groups limit fish consumption to 3 meals per week (320 ng/g). However, the relationship between Hg concentrations and fish size in Tanada Lake suggests that consumption of smaller-sized fishes could reduce Hg exposure in human consumers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141145","collaboration":"Report prepared for Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve","usgsCitation":"Kowalski, B.M., Willacker, J.J., Zimmerman, C.E., and Eagles-Smith, C.A., 2014, Mercury in fishes from Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1145, vi, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141145.","productDescription":"vi, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-056313","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289828,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141145.jpg"},{"id":289825,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1145/"},{"id":289827,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1145/pdf/ofr2014-1145.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Wrangell-st. Elias National Park And Preserve","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -145.2028,59.6958 ], [ -145.2028,62.6654 ], [ -139.0611,62.6654 ], [ -139.0611,59.6958 ], [ -145.2028,59.6958 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0ec8be4b065ccca5fe44f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kowalski, Brandon M. bkowalski@usgs.gov","contributorId":5867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Brandon","email":"bkowalski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Willacker, James J. jwillacker@usgs.gov","contributorId":5614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willacker","given":"James","email":"jwillacker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70115554,"text":"ofr20141140 - 2014 - Historical and contemporary imagery to assess ecosystem change on the Arctic coastal plain of northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T15:24:54","indexId":"ofr20141140","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T14:36:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1140","title":"Historical and contemporary imagery to assess ecosystem change on the Arctic coastal plain of northern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska is a complex landscape of lakes, streams, and wetlands scattered across low-relief tundra that is underlain by permafrost. This region of the Arctic has experienced a warming trend over the past three decades leading to thawing of on-shore permafrost and the disappearance of sea ice at unprecedented rates. The U.S. Geological Survey&rsquo;s (USGS) Changing Arctic Ecosystems (CAE) research initiative was developed to investigate and forecast these rapid changes in the physical environment of the Arctic, and the associated changes to wildlife populations, in order to inform key management decisions by the U.S. Department of the Interior and other agencies. Forecasting future wildlife responses to changes in the Arctic can benefit greatly from historical records that inform what changes have already occurred. Several Arctic wildlife and plant species have already responded to climatic and physical changes to the Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska. Thus, we located historical aerial imagery to improve our understanding of recent habitat changes and the associated response to such changes by wildlife populations.</p>\n<p>In this report, we describe and make available a set of 61 georectified aerial images of the Arctic Coastal Plain (taken from 1948 to 2010) that were obtained by the USGS to inform research objectives of the USGS CAE Initiative. Here, we describe the origins, metadata, and public availability of these images that were obtained within four main study areas on the Arctic Coastal Plain: Teshekpuk Lake Special Area, Chipp River, the Colville River Delta, and locations along the Dalton Highway Corridor between the Brooks Range and Deadhorse. We also provide general descriptions of observable changes to the geomorphology of landscapes that are apparent by comparing historical and contemporary images. These landscape changes include altered river corridors, lake drying, coastal erosion, and new vegetation communities. All original and georectified images and metadata are available through the USGS Alaska Science Center Portal (search under &lsquo;Project Name&rsquo; using title of this report) or by contacting&nbsp;<i>ascweb@usgs.gov</i>.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141140","collaboration":"USGS Science to Support the USGS Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative","usgsCitation":"Tape, K., Pearce, J.M., Walworth, D.H., Meixell, B.W., Fondell, T.F., Gustine, D.D., Flint, P.L., Hupp, J.W., Schmutz, J.A., and Ward, D.H., 2014, Historical and contemporary imagery to assess ecosystem change on the Arctic coastal plain of northern Alaska (Version 1: Originally posted July 11, 2014; Version 1.1: June 2, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1140, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141140.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056570","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F79021TB","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Aerial Images of Alaska's Arctic Coastal Plain; 1948-1949"},{"id":438758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F71G0J9D","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Aerial Image of Alaska's Arctic Coastal Plain; 1974-1979"},{"id":438757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F757192K","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Aerial Images of Alaska's Arctic Coastal Plain; 1955"},{"id":289808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141140.jpg"},{"id":289806,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1140/"},{"id":289807,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1140/pdf/ofr2014-1140.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic Coastal Plain;Chipp River;Colville River Delta;Dalton Highway Corridor;Teshekpuk Lake Special Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -158.0,67.0 ], [ -158.0,71.5 ], [ -141.57,71.5 ], [ -141.57,67.0 ], [ -158.0,67.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1: Originally posted July 11, 2014; Version 1.1: June 2, 2015","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0ec43e4b065ccca5fe3cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tape, Ken D.","contributorId":103570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tape","given":"Ken D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walworth, Dennis H. 0000-0003-1256-5458 dwalworth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1256-5458","contributorId":140664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walworth","given":"Dennis","email":"dwalworth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meixell, Brandt W. 0000-0002-6738-0349 bmeixell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349","contributorId":138716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meixell","given":"Brandt","email":"bmeixell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fondell, Tom F.","contributorId":79028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fondell","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gustine, David D. dgustine@usgs.gov","contributorId":3776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustine","given":"David","email":"dgustine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70103895,"text":"tm11D2 - 2014 - A methodological toolkit for field assessments of artisanally mined alluvial diamond deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-11T13:22:04","indexId":"tm11D2","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T12:57:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"11-D2","title":"A methodological toolkit for field assessments of artisanally mined alluvial diamond deposits","docAbstract":"This toolkit provides a standardized checklist of critical issues relevant to artisanal mining-related field research. An integrated sociophysical geographic approach to collecting data at artisanal mine sites is outlined. The implementation and results of a multistakeholder approach to data collection, carried out in the assessment of Guinea’s artisanally mined diamond deposits, also are summarized. This toolkit, based on recent and successful field campaigns in West Africa, has been developed as a reference document to assist other government agencies or organizations in collecting the data necessary for artisanal diamond mining or similar natural resource assessments.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section D: Field survey methods in Book 11 <i>Collection and Delineation of Spatial Data</i>","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm11D2","collaboration":"Prepared under the auspices of the U.S. Department of State. This report is Chapter 2 of Section D: Field survey methods in Book 11 <i>Collection and Delineation of Spatial Data</i>.","usgsCitation":"Chirico, P., and Malpeli, K., 2014, A methodological toolkit for field assessments of artisanally mined alluvial diamond deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 11-D2, iv, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm11D2.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049488","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289794,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm11D2.jpg"},{"id":289793,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11/d02/pdf/tm11-D2.pdf"},{"id":289792,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11/d02/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0eb15e4b065ccca5fe218","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chirico, Peter G.","contributorId":27086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chirico","given":"Peter G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malpeli, Katherine C.","contributorId":55106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malpeli","given":"Katherine C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70112475,"text":"sir20145115 - 2014 - Streamflow statistics for unregulated and regulated conditions for selected locations on the Upper Yellowstone and Bighorn Rivers, Montana and Wyoming, 1928-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-11T11:18:51","indexId":"sir20145115","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T11:11:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5115","title":"Streamflow statistics for unregulated and regulated conditions for selected locations on the Upper Yellowstone and Bighorn Rivers, Montana and Wyoming, 1928-2002","docAbstract":"<p>Major floods in 1996 and 1997 intensified public debate about the effects of human activities on the Yellowstone River. In 1999, the Yellowstone River Conservation District Council was formed to address conservation issues on the river. The Yellowstone River Conservation District Council partnered with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to carry out a cumulative effects study on the main stem of the Yellowstone River. The cumulative effects study is intended to provide a basis for future management decisions within the watershed. Streamflow statistics, such as flow-frequency data calculated for unregulated and regulated streamflow conditions, are a necessary component of the cumulative effects study.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Yellowstone River Conservation District Council and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, calculated low-flow frequency data and general monthly and annual statistics for unregulated and regulated streamflow conditions for the Upper Yellowstone and Bighorn Rivers for the 1928–2002 study period; these data are presented in this report. Unregulated streamflow represents flow conditions during the 1928–2002 study period if there had been no water-resources development in the Yellowstone River Basin. Regulated streamflow represents estimates of flow conditions during the 1928–2002 study period if the level of water-resources development existing in 2002 was in place during the entire study period.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145115","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Yellowstone River Conservation District Council and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Chase, K.J., 2014, Streamflow statistics for unregulated and regulated conditions for selected locations on the Upper Yellowstone and Bighorn Rivers, Montana and Wyoming, 1928-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5115, Report: xiii, 117 p.; Appendixes 2-1 and 2-2, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145115.","productDescription":"Report: xiii, 117 p.; Appendixes 2-1 and 2-2","numberOfPages":"136","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1928-01-01","temporalEnd":"2002-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-052172","costCenters":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289790,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145115.jpg"},{"id":289787,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5115/pdf/sir2014-5115.pdf"},{"id":289786,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5115/"},{"id":289788,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5115/downloads/sir2014-5155_APP_2.1_loc_and_da.xlsx"},{"id":289789,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5115/downloads/sir2014-5155_APP_2.2_lowflowfreq.xlsx"}],"projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Montana;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Bighorn River;Upper Yellowstone River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.0,42.0 ], [ -112.0,49.0 ], [ -103.0,49.0 ], [ -103.0,42.0 ], [ -112.0,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0ed2be4b065ccca5fe552","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chase, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5796-4148 kchase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-4148","contributorId":454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Katherine","email":"kchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70116361,"text":"70116361 - 2014 - The persistent problem of lead poisoning in birds from ammunition and fishing tackle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T16:41:23","indexId":"70116361","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T10:26:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The persistent problem of lead poisoning in birds from ammunition and fishing tackle","docAbstract":"Lead (Pb) is a metabolic poison that can negatively influence biological processes, leading to illness and mortality across a large spectrum of North American avifauna (>120 species) and other organisms. Pb poisoning can result from numerous sources, including ingestion of bullet fragments and shot pellets left in animal carcasses, spent ammunition left in the field, lost fishing tackle, Pb-based paints, large-scale mining, and Pb smelting activities. Although Pb shot has been banned for waterfowl hunting in the United States (since 1991) and Canada (since 1999), Pb exposure remains a problem for many avian species. Despite a large body of scientific literature on exposure to Pb and its toxicological effects on birds, controversy still exists regarding its impacts at a population level. We explore these issues and highlight areas in need of investigation: (1) variation in sensitivity to Pb exposure among bird species; (2) spatial extent and sources of Pb contamination in habitats in relation to bird exposure in those same locations; and (3) interactions between avian Pb exposure and other landscape-level stressors that synergistically affect bird demography. We explore multiple paths taken to reduce Pb exposure in birds that (1) recognize common ground among a range of affected interests; (2) have been applied at local to national scales; and (3) engage governmental agencies, interest groups, and professional societies to communicate the impacts of Pb ammunition and fishing tackle, and to describe approaches for reducing their availability to birds. As they have in previous times, users of fish and wildlife will play a key role in resolving the Pb poisoning issue.","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-14-36.1","usgsCitation":"Haig, S.M., D'Elia, J., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Fair, J., Gervais, J., Herring, G., Rivers, J.W., and Schulz, J.H., 2014, The persistent problem of lead poisoning in birds from ammunition and fishing tackle: The Condor, v. 116, no. 3, p. 408-428, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-14-36.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"408","endPage":"428","ipdsId":"IP-054035","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-14-36.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":289784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0ed3ee4b065ccca5fe599","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D'Elia, Jesse","contributorId":63152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D'Elia","given":"Jesse","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fair, Jeanne M.","contributorId":60545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fair","given":"Jeanne M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gervais, Jennifer","contributorId":55346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gervais","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rivers, James W.","contributorId":23072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rivers","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7005,"text":"Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":495786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schulz, John H.","contributorId":44082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70116453,"text":"70116453 - 2014 - Guild-specific responses of avian species richness to LiDAR-derived habitat heterogeneity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T13:55:55","indexId":"70116453","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T09:56:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":639,"text":"Acta Oecologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Guild-specific responses of avian species richness to LiDAR-derived habitat heterogeneity","docAbstract":"Ecological niche theory implies that more heterogeneous habitats have the potential to support greater biodiversity. Positive heterogeneity-diversity relationships have been found for most studies investigating animal taxa, although negative relationships also occur and the scale dependence of heterogeneity-diversity relationships is little known. We investigated multi-scale, heterogeneity-diversity relationships for bird communities in a semi-arid riparian landscape, using airborne LiDAR data to derive key measures of structural habitat complexity. Habitat heterogeneity-diversity relationships were generally positive, although the overall strength of relationships varied across avian life history guilds (R<sup>2</sup> range: 0.03–0.41). Best predicted were the species richness indices of cavity nesters, habitat generalists, woodland specialists, and foliage foragers. Heterogeneity-diversity relationships were also strongly scale-dependent, with strongest associations at the 200-m scale (4 ha) and weakest associations at the 50-m scale (0.25 ha). Our results underscore the value of LiDAR data for fine-grained quantification of habitat structure, as well as the need for biodiversity studies to incorporate variation among life-history guilds and to simultaneously consider multiple guild functional types (e.g. nesting, foraging, habitat). Results suggest that certain life-history guilds (foliage foragers, cavity nesters, woodland specialists) are more susceptible than others (ground foragers, ground nesters, low nesters) to experiencing declines in local species richness if functional elements of habitat heterogeneity are lost. Positive heterogeneity-diversity relationships imply that riparian conservation efforts need to not only provide high-quality riparian habitat locally, but also to provide habitat heterogeneity across multiple scales.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.actao.2014.06.002","usgsCitation":"Weisberg, P.J., Dilts, T.E., Becker, M.E., Young, J.S., Wong-Kone, D.C., Newton, W.E., and Ammon, E.M., 2014, Guild-specific responses of avian species richness to LiDAR-derived habitat heterogeneity: Acta Oecologica, v. 59, p. 72-83, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2014.06.002.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"83","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-052509","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289779,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289778,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2014.06.002"}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Walker River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.2488,39.3635 ], [ -120.2488,38.1178 ], [ -118.5288,38.1178 ], [ -118.5288,39.3635 ], [ -120.2488,39.3635 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"59","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0ec3fe4b065ccca5fe3bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weisberg, Peter J.","contributorId":33631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weisberg","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dilts, Thomas E.","contributorId":36833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dilts","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Becker, Miles E.","contributorId":88277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"Miles","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Young, Jock S.","contributorId":28154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Jock","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wong-Kone, Diane C.","contributorId":79790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong-Kone","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Newton, Wesley E. 0000-0002-1377-043X wnewton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-043X","contributorId":3661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Wesley","email":"wnewton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ammon, Elisabeth M.","contributorId":106785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ammon","given":"Elisabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70111860,"text":"ofr20141116 - 2014 - Baseline groundwater quality from 34 wells in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, 2011 and 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T12:16:29","indexId":"ofr20141116","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T09:16:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1116","title":"Baseline groundwater quality from 34 wells in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, 2011 and 2013","docAbstract":"<p>Wayne County, Pennsylvania, is underlain by the Marcellus Shale, which currently (2014) is being developed elsewhere in Pennsylvania for natural gas. All residents of largely rural Wayne County rely on groundwater for water supply, primarily from bedrock aquifers (shales and sandstones). This study, conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey (Pennsylvania Geological Survey), provides a groundwater-quality baseline for Wayne County prior to development of the natural gas resource in the Marcellus Shale. Selected wells completed in the Devonian-age Catskill Formation, undifferentiated; the Poplar Gap and Packerton Members of the Catskill Formation, undivided; and the Long Run and Walcksville Members of the Catskill Formation, undivided, were sampled.</p>\n<p>Water samples were collected once from 34 domestic wells during August 2011 and August and September 2013 and analyzed to characterize their physical and chemical quality. Samples were analyzed for 45 constituents and properties, including nutrients, major ions, metals and trace elements, radioactivity, and dissolved gases, including methane and radon-222. The quality of the sampled groundwater was generally within U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) drinking-water standards, although in some samples, the concentrations of a few constituents exceeded USEPA drinking-water standards and health advisories.</p>\n<p>The pH of water samples ranged from 5.5 to 9.3 with a median of 7.0. The pH was outside the USEPA secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) range of 6.5 to 8.5 in water samples from 14 of the 34 wells (41 percent). Eleven samples had a pH less than 6.5, and three samples had a pH greater than 8.5. Dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 11.5 milligrams per liter (mg/L) with a median of 4.7 mg/L. The dissolved oxygen concentration was less than 1 mg/L in water samples from 6 wells; 5 of these 6 water samples had a pH greater than 7.7.</p>\n<p>Concentrations of dissolved methane ranged from less than 0.00006 to 3.3 mg/L. Methane was detectable in 22 of the 34 wells sampled (65 percent). Methane concentrations were greatest in the 5 samples with pH of 7.8 or higher, ranging from 0.040 to 3.3 mg/L. These samples also had among the lowest concentrations of dissolved oxygen. Three water samples, which had sufficient dissolved methane concentrations (greater than 0.9 mg/L), were analyzed for isotopes of carbon and hydrogen in the methane. The isotopic ratio values fell within (two samples) or close to (one sample) the range for a thermogenic natural gas source.</p>\n<p>The total dissolved solids concentration ranged from 33 to 346 mg/L; the median concentration was 126 mg/L. Sodium concentrations ranged from 1.07 to 116 mg/L; the median concentration was 9.42 mg/L. The sodium concentration exceeded the USEPA health advisory for sodium of 20 mg/L in water samples from 7 of the 34 wells (21 percent).</p>\n<p>Concentrations of dissolved arsenic ranged from less than 0.06 to 21.8 micrograms per liter (&micro;g/L); the median concentration was 0.59 &micro;g/L. Water samples from 2 of the 34 wells (6 percent) exceeded the USEPA maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 &micro;g/L for arsenic. Concentrations of dissolved manganese ranged from less than 0.15 to 61.5 &micro;g/L; the median concentration was 0.42 &micro;g/L. A water sample from 1 of the 34 wells (3 percent) exceeded the USEPA SMCL of 50 &micro;g/L for manganese; the concentration was less than the USEPA lifetime health advisory of 300 &micro;g/L for manganese.</p>\n<p>Activities of radon-222 in water from the 34 sampled wells ranged from 110 to 7,180 picocuries per liter (pCi/L); the median activity was 2,105 pCi/L. Water samples from 33 of the 34 wells (97 percent) exceeded the proposed USEPA MCL of 300 pCi/L, and 4 water samples (12 percent) exceeded the USEPA proposed alternative MCL of 4,000 pCi/L for radon-222.</p>\n<p><span>Differences in groundwater chemistry were related to pH. Water with a pH greater than 7.6 generally had low dissolved oxygen concentrations, indicating reducing conditions in the aquifer. These high pH waters also had relatively elevated concentrations of methane, arsenic, boron, bromide, fluoride, lithium, and sodium but low concentrations of copper, nickel, and zinc. Water samples with a pH greater than 7.8 had methane concentrations equal to or greater than 0.04 mg/L.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141116","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey","usgsCitation":"Sloto, R.A., 2014, Baseline groundwater quality from 34 wells in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, 2011 and 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1116, vii, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141116.","productDescription":"vii, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056249","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141116.jpg"},{"id":289774,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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Ronald A. rasloto@usgs.gov","contributorId":424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloto","given":"Ronald","email":"rasloto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70059573,"text":"sir20135145 - 2014 - Calibration of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for parts of the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-11T09:16:11","indexId":"sir20135145","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T08:57:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5145","title":"Calibration of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for parts of the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Allegheny County Sanitary Authority, developed a validated two-dimensional Resource Management Associates2 (RMA2) hydrodynamic model of parts of the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers (Three Rivers) to help assess the effects of combined sewer overflows (CSOs) and sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs) on the rivers. The hydrodynamic model was used to drive a water-quality model of the study area that was capable of simulating the transport and fate of fecal-indicator bacteria and chemical constituents under open-water conditions.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The study area includes 14 tributary streams and parts of the Three Rivers where they enter and exit Allegheny County, an area of approximately 730 square miles (mi<sup>2</sup>). The city of Pittsburgh is near the center of the county, where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers join to form the headwaters of the Ohio River. The Three Rivers are regulated by a series of fixed-crest dams, gated dams, and radial (tainter) gates and serve as the receiving waters for tributary streams, CSOs, and SSOs.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The RMA2 model was separated into four individual segments on the basis of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers navigational pools in the study area (Dashields; Emsworth; Allegheny River, Pool 2; and Braddock), which were calibrated individually using measured water-surface slope, velocity, and discharge during high- and low-flow conditions. The model calibration process included the comparison of water-surface elevations at five locations and velocity profiles at more than 80 cross sections in the study area. On the basis of the calibration and validation results that included water-surface elevations and velocities, the model is a representative simulation of the Three Rivers flow patterns for discharges ranging from 4,050 to 47,400 cubic feet per second (ft<sup>3</sup>/s) on the Allegheny River, 2,550 to 40,000 ft<sup>3</sup>/s on the Monongahela River, and 10,900 to 99,000 ft<sup>3</sup>/s on the Ohio River. The Monongahela River was characterized by unsteady conditions during low and high flows, which affected the calibration range.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The simulated low-flow water-surface elevations typically were within 0.2 feet (ft) of measured values, whereas the simulated high-flow water-surface elevations were typically within 0.3 ft of the measured values. The mean error between simulated and measured velocities was less than 0.07 ft/s for low-flow conditions and less than 0.17 ft/s for high-flow conditions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135145","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Allegheny County Sanitary Authority","usgsCitation":"Fulton, J.W., and Wagner, C., 2014, Calibration of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for parts of the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5145, vii, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135145.","productDescription":"vii, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-040252","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289771,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5145/"},{"id":289772,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5145/support/sir2013-5145.pdf"},{"id":289773,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135145.jpg"}],"projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Allegheny County","otherGeospatial":"Allegheny River;Monongahela River;Ohio River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.360873,40.194343 ], [ -80.360873,40.67453 ], [ -79.690667,40.67453 ], [ -79.690667,40.194343 ], [ -80.360873,40.194343 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0eb4be4b065ccca5fe274","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fulton, John W. 0000-0002-5335-0720 jwfulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-0720","contributorId":2298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"John","email":"jwfulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, Chad R. 0000-0002-9602-7413 cwagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9602-7413","contributorId":1530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Chad R.","email":"cwagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70133277,"text":"70133277 - 2014 - Estimating reach-specific fish movement probabilities in rivers with a Bayesian state-space model: application to sea lamprey passage and capture at dams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-11-21T13:12:33","indexId":"70133277","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating reach-specific fish movement probabilities in rivers with a Bayesian state-space model: application to sea lamprey passage and capture at dams","docAbstract":"<p>Improved methods are needed to evaluate barriers and traps for control and assessment of invasive sea lamprey (<em>Petromyzon marinus</em>) in the Great Lakes. A Bayesian state-space model provided reach-specific probabilities of movement, including trap capture and dam passage, for 148 acoustic tagged invasive sea lamprey in the lower Cheboygan River, Michigan, a tributary to Lake Huron. Reach-specific movement probabilities were combined to obtain estimates of spatial distribution and abundance needed to evaluate a barrier and trap complex for sea lamprey control and assessment. Of an estimated 21&thinsp;828 &ndash; 29&thinsp;300 adult sea lampreys in the river, 0%&ndash;2%, or 0&ndash;514 untagged lampreys, could have passed upstream of the dam, and 46%&ndash;61% were caught in the trap. Although no tagged lampreys passed above the dam (0/148), our sample size was not sufficient to consider the lock and dam a complete barrier to sea lamprey. Results also showed that existing traps are in good locations because 83%&ndash;96% of the population was vulnerable to existing traps. However, only 52%&ndash;69% of lampreys vulnerable to traps were caught, suggesting that traps can be improved. The approach used in this study was a novel use of Bayesian state-space models that may have broader applications, including evaluation of barriers for other invasive species (e.g., Asian carp (<em>Hypophthalmichthys</em> spp.)) and fish passage structures for other diadromous fishes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2013-0581","usgsCitation":"Holbrook, C., Johnson, N.S., Steibel, J., Twohey, M.B., Binder, T., Krueger, C., and Jones, M., 2014, Estimating reach-specific fish movement probabilities in rivers with a Bayesian state-space model: application to sea lamprey passage and capture at dams: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 71, no. 11, p. 1713-1729, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0581.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1713","endPage":"1729","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057142","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296093,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546727b4e4b04d4b7dbde837","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holbrook, Christopher M. 0000-0001-8203-6856 cholbrook@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8203-6856","contributorId":4198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbrook","given":"Christopher M.","email":"cholbrook@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":524988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":524989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steibel, Juan P.","contributorId":127393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steibel","given":"Juan P.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":524990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Twohey, Michael B.","contributorId":62541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Twohey","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":524991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Binder, Thomas R.","contributorId":23056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Binder","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[{"id":7019,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":524993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krueger, Charles C.","contributorId":67821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krueger","given":"Charles C.","affiliations":[{"id":7019,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":524992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":7219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":524994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70115553,"text":"ofr20141141 - 2014 - Ecoregions of Arizona (poster)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-11T08:50:26","indexId":"ofr20141141","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-10T16:42:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1141","title":"Ecoregions of Arizona (poster)","docAbstract":"<p>Ecoregions denote areas of general similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and quantity of environmental resources; they are designed to serve as a spatial framework for the research, assessment, management, and monitoring of ecosystems and ecosystem components. By recognizing the spatial differences in the capacities and potentials of ecosystems, ecoregions stratify the environment by its probable response to disturbance. These general purpose regions are critical for structuring and implementing ecosystem management strategies across federal agencies, state agencies, and nongovernment organizations that are responsible for different types of resources within the same geographical areas.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The Arizona ecoregion map was compiled at a scale of 1:250,000. It revises and subdivides an earlier national ecoregion map that was originally compiled at a smaller scale. The approach used to compile this map is based on the premise that ecological regions can be identified through the analysis of the spatial patterns and the composition of biotic and abiotic phenomena that affect or reflect differences in ecosystem quality and integrity. These phenomena include geology, physiography, vegetation, climate, soils, land use, wildlife, and hydrology. The relative importance of each characteristic varies from one ecological region to another regardless of the hierarchical level. A Roman numeral hierarchical scheme has been adopted for different levels of ecological regions. Level I is the coarsest level, dividing North America into 15 ecological regions. Level II divides the continent into 50 regions. At level III, the continental United States contains 105 ecoregions and the conterminous United States has 85 ecoregions. Level IV is a further subdivision of level III ecoregions.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Arizona contains arid deserts and canyonlands, semiarid shrub- and grass-covered plains, woodland- and shrubland-covered hills, lava fields and volcanic plateaus, forested mountains, glaciated peaks, and river alluvial floodplains. Ecological diversity is remarkably high. There are 7 level III ecoregions and 52 level IV ecoregions in Arizona and many continue into ecologically similar parts of adjacent states. This poster is part of a collaborative project primarily between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), USEPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (Corvallis, Oregon), USEPA Region IX, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)–Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), The Nature Conservancy, and several Arizona state agencies. The project is associated with an interagency effort to develop a common national framework of ecological regions. Reaching that objective requires recognition of the differences in the conceptual approaches and mapping methodologies applied to develop the most common ecoregion-type frameworks, including those developed by the USDA–Forest Service, the USEPA, and the NRCS. As each of these frameworks is further refined, their differences are becoming less discernible. Collaborative ecoregion projects, such as this one in Arizona, are a step toward attaining consensus and consistency in ecoregion frameworks for the entire nation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141141","usgsCitation":"Griffith, G.E., Omernik, J.M., Johnson, C.B., and Turner, D.S., 2014, Ecoregions of Arizona (poster): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1141, Poster (front): 46.00 x 36.00 inches; Poster (back): 46.00 x 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141141.","productDescription":"Poster (front): 46.00 x 36.00 inches; Poster (back): 46.00 x 36.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053811","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141141.jpg"},{"id":289755,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1141/"},{"id":289757,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1141/pdf/ofr2014-1141_back.pdf"},{"id":289756,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1141/pdf/ofr2014-1141_front.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.82,31.33 ], [ -114.82,37.0 ], [ -109.05,37.0 ], [ -109.05,31.33 ], [ -114.82,31.33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bfa7d2e4b06d97a6487cee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffith, Glenn E. 0000-0001-7966-4720 ggriffith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7966-4720","contributorId":4053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"Glenn","email":"ggriffith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Omernik, James M.","contributorId":50081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Omernik","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Colleen Burch","contributorId":13152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"Burch","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turner, Dale S.","contributorId":34052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70116321,"text":"70116321 - 2014 - Re-Os geochronology and Os isotope fingerprinting of petroleum sourced from a Type I lacustrine kerogen: insights from the natural Green River petroleum system in the Uinta Basin and hydrous pyrolysis experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-10T15:01:11","indexId":"70116321","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-10T14:37:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Re-Os geochronology and Os isotope fingerprinting of petroleum sourced from a Type I lacustrine kerogen: insights from the natural Green River petroleum system in the Uinta Basin and hydrous pyrolysis experiments","docAbstract":"<p>Rhenium–osmium (Re–Os) geochronology of marine petroleum systems has allowed the determination of the depositional age of source rocks as well as the timing of petroleum generation. In addition, Os isotopes have been applied as a fingerprinting tool to correlate oil to its source unit. To date, only classic marine petroleum systems have been studied. Here we present Re–Os geochronology and Os isotope fingerprinting of different petroleum phases (oils, tar sands and gilsonite) derived from the lacustrine Green River petroleum system in the Uinta Basin, USA. In addition we use an experimental approach, hydrous pyrolysis experiments, to compare to the Re–Os data of naturally generated petroleum in order to further understand the mechanisms of Re and Os transfer to petroleum.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The Re–Os geochronology of petroleum from the lacustrine Green River petroleum system (19 ± 14 Ma – all petroleum phases) broadly agrees with previous petroleum generation basin models (∼25 Ma) suggesting that Re–Os geochronology of variable petroleum phases derived from lacustrine Type I kerogen has similar systematics to Type II kerogen (e.g., Selby and Creaser, 2005a, Selby and Creaser, 2005b and Finlay et al., 2010). However, the large uncertainties (over 100% in some cases) produced for the petroleum Re–Os geochronology are a result of multiple generation events occurring through a ∼3000-m thick source unit that creates a mixture of initial Os isotope compositions in the produced petroleum phases. The 187Os/188Os values for the petroleum and source rocks at the time of oil generation vary from 1.4 to 1.9, with the mode at ∼1.6. Oil-to-source correlation using Os isotopes is consistent with previous correlation studies in the Green River petroleum system, and illustrates the potential utility of Os isotopes to characterize the spatial variations within a petroleum system.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Hydrous pyrolysis experiments on the Green River Formation source rocks show that Re and Os transfer are mimicking the natural system. This transfer from source to bitumen to oil does not affect source rock Re–Os systematics or Os isotopic compositions. This confirms that Os isotope compositions are transferred intact from source to petroleum during petroleum generation and can be used as a powerful correlation tool. These experiments further confirm that Re–Os systematics in source rocks are not adversely affected by petroleum maturation. Overall this study illustrates that the Re–Os petroleum geochronometer and Os isotope fingerprinting tools can be used on a wide range of petroleum types sourced from variable kerogen types.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2014.04.016","usgsCitation":"Cumming, V.M., Selby, D., Lillis, P.G., and Lewan, M., 2014, Re-Os geochronology and Os isotope fingerprinting of petroleum sourced from a Type I lacustrine kerogen: insights from the natural Green River petroleum system in the Uinta Basin and hydrous pyrolysis experiments: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 138, p. 32-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.04.016.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"56","numberOfPages":"25","ipdsId":"IP-049279","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472880,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.04.016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":289753,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289751,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.04.016"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Uinta Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.0,39.0 ], [ -111.0,41.0 ], [ -108.4,41.0 ], [ -108.4,39.0 ], [ -111.0,39.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"138","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bfa7d5e4b06d97a6487cf2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cumming, Vivien M.","contributorId":69044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cumming","given":"Vivien","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selby, David","contributorId":58167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selby","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lillis, Paul G. 0000-0002-7508-1699 plillis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":1817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"Paul","email":"plillis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lewan, Michael D. mlewan@usgs.gov","contributorId":940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"Michael D.","email":"mlewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70116320,"text":"70116320 - 2014 - Suspected microbial-induced sedimentary structures (MISS) in Furongian (Upper Cambrian; Jiangshanian, Sunwaptan) strata of the Upper Mississippi Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-10T13:59:26","indexId":"70116320","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-10T13:39:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1622,"text":"Facies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suspected microbial-induced sedimentary structures (MISS) in Furongian (Upper Cambrian; Jiangshanian, Sunwaptan) strata of the Upper Mississippi Valley","docAbstract":"The Furongian (Upper Cambrian; Jiangshanian and Sunwaptan) Tunnel City Group (Lone Rock Formation and Mazomanie Formation), exposed in Wisconsin and Minnesota, represents a shallow-marine clastic environment during a time of exceptionally high sea level. Lithofacies from shoreface to transitional-offshore settings document deposition in a wave- and storm-dominated sea. Flooding of the cratonic interior was associated with formation of a condensed section and the extensive development of microbial mats. Biolamination, mat fragments, wrinkle structures, and syneresis cracks are preserved in various sandstone facies of the Lone Rock Formation, as is evidence for the cohesive behavior of sand. These microbial-induced sedimentary structures (MISS) provide unique signals of biological–physical processes that physical structures alone cannot mimic. The MISS are associated with a trilobite extinction event in the Steptoean–Sunwaptan boundary interval. This may support recent claims that Phanerozoic microbial mats were opportunistic disaster forms that flourished during periods of faunal turnover. Further investigation of stratigraphic, taphonomic, and other potential biases, however, is needed to fully test this hypothesis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Facies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10347-014-0400-x","usgsCitation":"Eoff, J.D., 2014, Suspected microbial-induced sedimentary structures (MISS) in Furongian (Upper Cambrian; Jiangshanian, Sunwaptan) strata of the Upper Mississippi Valley: Facies, v. 60, no. 3, p. 801-814, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-014-0400-x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"801","endPage":"814","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-051812","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289748,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10347-014-0400-x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota;Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.24,42.49 ], [ -97.24,49.38 ], [ -86.76,49.38 ], [ -86.76,42.49 ], [ -97.24,42.49 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"60","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bfa7d8e4b06d97a6487cf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eoff, Jennifer D. jeoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":3418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eoff","given":"Jennifer","email":"jeoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70111868,"text":"sir20145110 - 2014 - Delineation of marsh types of the Texas coast from Corpus Christi Bay to the Sabine River in 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-10T14:29:34","indexId":"sir20145110","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-10T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5110","title":"Delineation of marsh types of the Texas coast from Corpus Christi Bay to the Sabine River in 2010","docAbstract":"<p>Coastal zone managers and researchers often require detailed information regarding emergent marsh vegetation types for modeling habitat capacities and needs of marsh-reliant wildlife (such as waterfowl and alligator). Detailed information on the extent and distribution of marsh vegetation zones throughout the Texas coast has been historically unavailable. In response, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation and collaboration with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service via the Gulf Coast Joint Venture, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, the University of Louisiana-Lafayette, and Ducks Unlimited, Inc., has produced a classification of marsh vegetation types along the middle and upper Texas coast from Corpus Christi Bay to the Sabine River. This study incorporates approximately 1,000 ground reference locations collected via helicopter surveys in coastal marsh areas and about 2,000 supplemental locations from fresh marsh, water, and “other” (that is, nonmarsh) areas. About two-thirds of these data were used for training, and about one-third were used for assessing accuracy. Decision-tree analyses using Rulequest See5 were used to classify emergent marsh vegetation types by using these data, multitemporal satellite-based multispectral imagery from 2009 to 2011, a bare-earth digital elevation model (DEM) based on airborne light detection and ranging (lidar), alternative contemporary land cover classifications, and other spatially explicit variables believed to be important for delineating the extent and distribution of marsh vegetation communities. Image objects were generated from segmentation of high-resolution airborne imagery acquired in 2010 and were used to refine the classification. The classification is dated 2010 because the year is both the midpoint of the multitemporal satellite-based imagery (2009–11) classified and the date of the high-resolution airborne imagery that was used to develop image objects. Overall accuracy corrected for bias (accuracy estimate incorporates true marginal proportions) was 91 percent (95 percent confidence interval [CI]: 89.2–92.8), with a kappa statistic of 0.79 (95 percent CI: 0.77–0.81). The classification performed best for saline marsh (user’s accuracy 81.5 percent; producer’s accuracy corrected for bias 62.9 percent) but showed a lesser ability to discriminate intermediate marsh (user’s accuracy 47.7 percent; producer’s accuracy corrected for bias 49.5 percent). Because of confusion in intermediate and brackish marsh classes, an alternative classification containing only three marsh types was created in which intermediate and brackish marshes were combined into a single class. Image objects were reattributed by using this alternative three-marsh-type classification. Overall accuracy, corrected for bias, of this more general classification was 92.4 percent (95 percent CI: 90.7–94.2), and the kappa statistic was 0.83 (95 percent CI: 0.81–0.85). Mean user’s accuracy for marshes within the four-marsh-type and three-marsh-type classifications was 65.4 percent and 75.6 percent, respectively, whereas mean producer’s accuracy was 56.7 percent and 65.1 percent, respectively.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>This study provides a more objective and repeatable method for classifying marsh types of the middle and upper Texas coast at an extent and greater level of detail than previously available for the study area. The seamless classification produced through this work is now available to help State agencies (such as the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department) and landscape-scale conservation partnerships (such as the Gulf Coast Prairie Landscape Conservation Cooperative and the Gulf Coast Joint Venture) to develop and (or) refine conservation plans targeting priority natural resources. Moreover, these data may improve projections of landscape change and serve as a baseline for monitoring future changes resulting from chronic and episodic stressors.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145110","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation and collaboration with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service via Gulf Coast Joint Venture, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, University of Louisiana-Lafayette, and Ducks Unlimited, Inc.","usgsCitation":"Enwright, N.M., Hartley, S.B., Brasher, M., Visser, J.M., Mitchell, M.K., Ballard, B.M., Parr, M.W., Couvillion, B., and Wilson, B.C., 2014, Delineation of marsh types of the Texas coast from Corpus Christi Bay to the Sabine River in 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5110, Report: v, 18 p.; Map: 60.00 x 48.00 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145110.","productDescription":"Report: v, 18 p.; Map: 60.00 x 48.00 inches; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-054024","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145110.jpg"},{"id":289730,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5110/"},{"id":289744,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5110/pdf/sir2014-5110.pdf"},{"id":289745,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5110/pdf/sir2014-5110_plate.pdf"},{"id":289746,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5110/downloads/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.00,27.75 ], [ -98.00,30.50 ], [ -93.75,30.50 ], [ -93.75,27.75 ], [ -98.00,27.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bfa7cfe4b06d97a6487cec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Enwright, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-7887-3261 enwrightn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7887-3261","contributorId":4880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enwright","given":"Nicholas","email":"enwrightn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartley, Stephen B. 0000-0003-1380-2769 hartleys@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1380-2769","contributorId":4164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartley","given":"Stephen","email":"hartleys@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brasher, Michael G.","contributorId":17139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brasher","given":"Michael G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Visser, Jenneke M.","contributorId":90397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Visser","given":"Jenneke","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mitchell, Michael K.","contributorId":24688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ballard, Bart M.","contributorId":62932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballard","given":"Bart","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Parr, Mark W.","contributorId":79023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parr","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Couvillion, Brady R. 0000-0001-5323-1687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5323-1687","contributorId":98834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Couvillion","given":"Brady R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wilson, Barry C.","contributorId":12968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70074066,"text":"sir20105090N - 2014 - Porphyry copper assessment of western Central Asia","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70074066,"text":"sir20105090N - 2014 - Porphyry copper assessment of western Central Asia","indexId":"sir20105090N","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"N","title":"Porphyry copper assessment of western Central Asia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 2010 - Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Global mineral resource assessment"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 2010 - Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Global mineral resource assessment"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-08T17:56:33.874283","indexId":"sir20105090N","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-10T11:59:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5090","chapter":"N","title":"Porphyry copper assessment of western Central Asia","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey conducted an assessment of resources associated with porphyry copper deposits in the western Central Asia countries of Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Tajikistan and the southern Urals of Kazakhstan and Russia as part of a global mineral resource assessment. The purpose of the study was to (1) delineate permissive areas (tracts) for undiscovered porphyry copper deposits; (2) compile a database of known porphyry copper deposits and significant prospects; (3) where data permit, estimate numbers of undiscovered deposits within those permissive tracts; and (4) provide probabilistic estimates the amounts of copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), gold (Au), and silver (Ag) that could be contained in those undiscovered deposits.</p>\n<p>Western Central Asia, a region diverse in its geologic complexity, is situated north of the Tarim and North China tectonic blocks and sandwiched between the East European and Siberian cratons. The Ural Mountains form the western margin of the region; the southern margin is formed by the high-standing ranges that make up the Tian Shan mountain range in the border regions of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and western China, where the effects of collisional tectonics are well displayed. The tectonic collage that makes up the core of western Central Asia is perhaps the geologically least understood part of the region. There is broad agreement that the early Paleozoic is made up of tectonically juxtaposed blocks that vary from Precambrian-cored microcontinents to magmatic arc and related complexes to subduction-related accretionary complexes. The rudiments of an incipient, contiguous single Kazakhstan block were formed by the end of the Silurian. In the middle to late Paleozoic, the block was unconformably superposed by two large, nested magmatic-arc belts, one Devonian, the other Carboniferous. Both magmatic-arc complexes were folded into a horseshoe-shaped, southeast-opening orocline in response to the final collisions of the various surrounding cratonic blocks with the Kazakhstan block. Additional deformation in the upper Cenozoic derived from the collision of India and China significantly redistributed fragments of the various mosaicked blocks, particularly in the central and southern parts of the western Central Asian region. Porphyry copper deposits are associated with many of the magmatic-arc fragments and belts throughout the geologically complex region, and economically important deposits are found in arc sequences of all Paleozoic Periods. The economically most productive arcs are Carboniferous.</p>\n<p>The assessment includes a discussion of the tectonic and geologic setting of porphyry copper deposits in western Central Asia (chapter 1), an application of remote sensing data for hydrothermal alteration mapping as a tool for porphyry copper assessment in the region (chapter 2), and a probabilistic assessment of undiscovered porphyry copper resources in four areas that represent Ordovician and Late Paleozoic (Carboniferous-Permian) magmatic arcs (chapter 3). The principal litho-tectonic terrane concept used to delineate permissive tracts was that of a magmatic arc that formed in the subduction boundary zone above a subducting plate. Eight permissive tracts are delineated on the basis of mapped and inferred subsurface distributions of igneous rocks assigned to magmatic arcs of specified age ranges that define areas where the occurrence of porphyry copper deposits within 1 kilometer of the Earth&rsquo;s surface is possible. These tracts range in area from about 8,000 to 200,000 square kilometers and host 18 known porphyry copper deposits that contain about 54 million metric tons of copper. Available data included geologic maps, the distribution of significant porphyry copper occurrences and potentially related deposit types, the distribution of hydrothermal alteration patterns that are consistent with porphyry copper mineralization, and information on possible subsurface extensions of permissive rocks. On the basis of analyses of these data, the assessment team estimated a mean of 25 undiscovered porphyry copper deposits for the study area. Estimates of numbers of undiscovered deposits were combined with grade and tonnage models in a Monte Carlo simulation to yield a mean estimate of 95 million metric tons of copper in undiscovered porphyry copper deposits; this represents about twice the amount of identified porphyry copper resources (54 million metric tons).</p>\n<p>Detailed descriptions of each permissive tract, including the rationales for delineation and assessment, are given in appendixes, along with a geographic information system (GIS) that includes permissive tract boundaries, point locations of known porphyry copper deposits and significant occurrences, and hydrothermal alteration data based on analysis of remote sensing data.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global mineral resource assessment (Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5090)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological 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jmars@usgs.gov","contributorId":3428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mars","given":"John","email":"jmars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denning, Paul pdenning@usgs.gov","contributorId":168842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denning","given":"Paul","email":"pdenning@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phillips, Jeffrey D. 0000-0002-6459-2821 jeff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6459-2821","contributorId":1572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":489366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hammarstrom, Jane M. 0000-0003-2742-3460 jhammars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-3460","contributorId":1226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammarstrom","given":"Jane","email":"jhammars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zientek, Michael L. 0000-0002-8522-9626 mzientek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-9626","contributorId":2420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zientek","given":"Michael","email":"mzientek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science 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,{"id":70114687,"text":"ofr20131030 - 2014 - Surficial geologic map of the Charleston region, Berkeley, Charleston, Colleton, Dorchester, and Georgetown Counties, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T18:57:20.43877","indexId":"ofr20131030","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-10T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1030","title":"Surficial geologic map of the Charleston region, Berkeley, Charleston, Colleton, Dorchester, and Georgetown Counties, South Carolina","docAbstract":"<p>This map portrays the surface and shallow subsurface geology of the greater Charleston, S.C. region east of 80°30′ west and south of 33°15′ north. The region covers the entirety of Charleston County and portions of Berkeley, Colleton, Dorchester, and Georgetown Counties. Units locally exposed at the surface range in age from middle Eocene to Holocene, but most of the area is covered by Quaternary interglacial deposits. These are, from oldest to youngest, the Okefenokee, Waccamaw(?), Penholoway, Ladson, Ten Mile Hill, and Wando Formations and the Silver Bluff beds. Two cross sections, one running southeast from Harleyville to the coastline on James Island and the other running along the coastal barrier islands from the town of Edisto Beach to the northeast end of Bull Island at the southwest edge of Bull Bay, portray the complex geometry of the Paleogene and Neogene marine units that directly lie beneath the Quaternary units. These older units include the Santee Limestone, Tupelo Bay, Parkers Ferry, Ashley, Chandler Bridge, Edisto, Parachucla, and Marks Head Formations, the Goose Creek Limestone, and the Raysor Formation. The estimated locations of deeply buried active basement faults are shown which are responsible for ongoing modern seismicity in the Charleston, S.C. area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131030","usgsCitation":"Weems, R.E., Lewis, W., and Lemon, E.M., 2014, Surficial geologic map of the Charleston region, Berkeley, Charleston, Colleton, Dorchester, and Georgetown Counties, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1030, 1 Plate: 50.14 x 47.63 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131030.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 50.14 x 47.63 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042573","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438760,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HB0RFE","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Database for the Surficial Geologic Map of the Charleston Region, Berkeley, Charleston, Colleton, Dorchester, and Georgetown Counties, South Carolina"},{"id":289710,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131030.jpg"},{"id":289708,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1030/"},{"id":289709,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1030/pdf/ofr2013-1030.pdf"},{"id":398957,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_100396.htm"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"1983 North American datum","country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","county":"Berkeley County, Charleston County, Colleton County, Dorchester County, Georgetown County","otherGeospatial":"Charleston region","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.50,32.50 ], [ -80.50,33.25 ], [ -79.25,33.25 ], [ -79.25,32.50 ], [ -80.50,32.50 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bfa7d7e4b06d97a6487cf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, William C.","contributorId":50878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"William C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lemon, Earl M. Jr.","contributorId":20210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lemon","given":"Earl","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70189136,"text":"70189136 - 2014 - Cenozoic mountain building on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T15:51:33","indexId":"70189136","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Cenozoic mountain building on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau","docAbstract":"<p><span>Northeastern Tibetan Plateau growth illuminates the kinematics, geodynamics, and climatic consequences of large-scale orogenesis, yet only recently have data become available to outline the spatiotemporal pattern and rates of this growth. I review the tectonic history of range growth across the plateau margin north of the Kunlun fault (35°–40°N) and east of the Qaidam basin (98°–107°E), synthesizing records from fault-bounded mountain ranges and adjacent sedimentary basins. Deformation began in Eocene time shortly after India-Asia collision, but the northeastern orogen boundary has largely remained stationary since this time. Widespread middle Miocene–Holocene range growth is portrayed by accelerated deformation, uplift, erosion, and deposition across northeastern Tibet. The extent of deformation, however, only expanded ~150 km outward to the north and east and ~150 km laterally to the west. A middle Miocene reorganization of deformation characterized by shortening at various orientations heralds the onset of the modern kinematic regime where shortening is coupled to strike slip. This regime is responsible for the majority of Cenozoic crustal shortening and thickening and the development of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Toward an Improved Understanding of Uplift Mechanisms and the Elevation History of the Tibetan Plateau","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","usgsCitation":"Lease, R.O., 2014, Cenozoic mountain building on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, chap. <i>of</i> Toward an Improved Understanding of Uplift Mechanisms and the Elevation History of the Tibetan Plateau, v. 507, p. 115-127.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"127","ipdsId":"IP-046207","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343244,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":343243,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/669/chapter/3807642/Cenozoic-mountain-building-on-the-northeastern"}],"otherGeospatial":"Northeastern Tibetan Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              98,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              107,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              107,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              98,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              98,\n              34\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"507","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59576338e4b0d1f9f051b533","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lease, Richard O. 0000-0003-2582-8966 rlease@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-8966","contributorId":5098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lease","given":"Richard","email":"rlease@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70116235,"text":"ofr20141144 - 2014 - Behavior and dam passage of juvenile Chinook salmon and juvenile steelhead at Detroit Reservoir and Dam, Oregon, March 2012-February 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-10T11:05:14","indexId":"ofr20141144","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-09T16:32:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1144","title":"Behavior and dam passage of juvenile Chinook salmon and juvenile steelhead at Detroit Reservoir and Dam, Oregon, March 2012-February 2013","docAbstract":"<p>The in-reservoir movements and dam passage of individual juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) and juvenile steelhead (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) were studied at Detroit Reservoir and Dam, near Detroit, Oregon, during 2012 and 2013. The goal of the study was to provide data to inform decisions about future downstream passage alternatives and factors affecting downstream passage rates with the existing dam configuration. In 2012, 468 juvenile Chinook salmon and 200 juvenile steelhead were tagged and released during a 3-month period in the spring, and another 514 juvenile Chinook salmon were tagged and released during a 3-month period in the fall. The fish were surgically implanted with a small acoustic transmitter with an expected life of about 3 months and a passive integrated transponder tag with an indefinite life, and were released into the two main tributaries several kilometers upstream of the reservoir. Juvenile Chinook salmon migrated from the release sites to the reservoir in a greater proportion than juvenile steelhead, but once in the reservoir, juvenile steelhead migrated to the forebay faster and had a higher dam passage rate than juvenile Chinook salmon. The routes available for passing water and fish varied throughout the year, with low reservoir elevations in winter and high reservoir elevations in summer in accordance with the flood-control purpose of the dam. Most dam passage was through the spillway during the spring and summer, when the reservoir elevation was high and the spillway and powerhouse were the most common routes in operation, and via the powerhouse during the fall and winter period, when the reservoir elevation was low and the regulating outlet and powerhouse were the most common routes in operation. Few tagged fish passed when the powerhouse was the only route in operation. Dam passage rates during the spring and summer were greatest at night, increased with dam discharge, and were greater when water was passed freely over the spillway compared to when it was controlled by the spillway Tainter gates. Dam passage rates during the fall and winter, when the reservoir elevation usually was too low for spillway operation, were lower than during the spring and summer, negatively related to reservoir elevation, and positively related to dam discharge, though the latter relation diminished as reservoir elevation decreased. Fish locations near the dam from estimates of three-dimensional positions often were near the locations of dam discharge and fish depths were surface oriented relative to the depth of the forebay. Fish passage rates with the existing dam configuration were greatest when the spillway was in operation and were lowest when the powerhouse was the only route in operation; the latter result may be related to the relatively low magnitude or variability in discharge during that condition. The available data suggest that a properly designed surface outlet could be a viable passage route for juvenile Chinook salmon and juvenile steelhead at Detroit Dam. A second year of data collection based on a similar study design was complete at the time of this report.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141144","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J.W., Hansel, H.C., Hansen, A.C., Evans, S.D., Haner, P.V., Hatton, T., Kofoot, E.E., Sprando, J.M., and Smith, C., 2014, Behavior and dam passage of juvenile Chinook salmon and juvenile steelhead at Detroit Reservoir and Dam, Oregon, March 2012-February 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1144, vi, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141144.","productDescription":"vi, 62 p.","numberOfPages":"72","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2012-03-01","temporalEnd":"2013-02-28","ipdsId":"IP-049970","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research 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jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansel, Hal C. 0000-0002-3537-8244 hhansel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3537-8244","contributorId":2887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansel","given":"Hal","email":"hhansel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hansen, Amy C. 0000-0002-0298-9137 achansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-9137","contributorId":4350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Amy","email":"achansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evans, Scott D. 0000-0003-0452-7726 sdevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7726","contributorId":4408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Scott","email":"sdevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haner, Philip V. 0000-0001-6940-487X 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,{"id":70116231,"text":"70116231 - 2014 - Spatial and temporal  patterns in concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in bald eagle nestlings in the Upper Midwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T15:28:00","indexId":"70116231","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-09T14:07:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal  patterns in concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in bald eagle nestlings in the Upper Midwestern United States","docAbstract":"<p>Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) are of concern due to their widespread use, persistence in the environment, tendency to accumulate in animal tissues, and growing evidence of toxicity. Between 2006 and 2011 we collected blood plasma from 261 bald eagle nestlings in six study areas from the upper Midwestern United States. Samples were assessed for levels of 16 different PFCs. We used regression analysis in a Bayesian framework to evaluate spatial and temporal trends for these analytes. We found levels as high as 7370 ng/mL for the sum of all 16 PFCs (&sum;PFCs). Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorodecanesulfonate (PFDS) were the most abundant analytes, making up 67% and 23% of the PFC burden, respectively. Levels of &sum;PFC, PFOS, and PFDS were highest in more urban and industrial areas, moderate on Lake Superior, and low on the remote upper St. Croix River watershed. We found evidence of declines in &sum;PFCs and seven analytes, including PFOS, PFDS, and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA); no trend in two analytes; and increases in two analytes. We argue that PFDS, a long-chained PFC with potential for high bioaccumulation and toxicity, should be considered for future animal and human studies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es501055d","usgsCitation":"Route, W.T., Russell, R.E., Lindstrom, A.B., Strynor, M.J., and Key, R.L., 2014, Spatial and temporal  patterns in concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in bald eagle nestlings in the Upper Midwestern United States: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 48, no. 12, p. 6653-6660, https://doi.org/10.1021/es501055d.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"6653","endPage":"6660","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2015-08-06","temporalEnd":"2015-08-11","ipdsId":"IP-053510","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472881,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53be5654e4b0527d5d40979a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Route, William T.","contributorId":77846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Route","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Russell, Robin E. 0000-0001-8726-7303 rerussell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-7303","contributorId":3998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Robin","email":"rerussell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindstrom, Andrew B.","contributorId":23069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindstrom","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Strynor, Mark J.","contributorId":104815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strynor","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Key, Rebecca L.","contributorId":100288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Key","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70116232,"text":"70116232 - 2014 - Investigating the potential role of persistent organic pollutants in Hawaiian green sea turtle fibropapillomatosis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T16:13:13","indexId":"70116232","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-09T13:55:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigating the potential role of persistent organic pollutants in Hawaiian green sea turtle fibropapillomatosis","docAbstract":"<p><span>It has been hypothesized for decades that environmental pollutants may contribute to green sea turtle fibropapillomatosis (FP), possibly through immunosuppression leading to greater susceptibility to the herpesvirus, the putative causative agent of this tumor-forming disease. To address this question, we measured concentrations of 164 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and halogenated phenols in 53 Hawaiian green turtle (</span><i>Chelonia mydas</i><span>) plasma samples archived by the Biological and Environmental Monitoring and Archival of Sea Turtle Tissues (BEMAST) project at the National Institute of Standards and Technology Marine Environmental Specimen Bank. Four groups of turtles were examined: free-ranging turtles from Kiholo Bay (0% FP, Hawaii), Kailua Bay (low FP, 8%, Oahu), and Kapoho Bay (moderate FP, 38%, Hawaii) and severely tumored stranded turtles that required euthanasia (high FP, 100%, Main Hawaiian Islands). Four classes of POPs and seven halogenated phenols were detected in at least one of the turtles, and concentrations were low (often &lt;200 pg/g wet mass). The presence of halogenated phenols in sea turtles is a novel discovery; their concentrations were higher than most man-made POPs, suggesting that the source of most of these compounds was likely natural (produced by the algal turtle diet) rather than metabolites of man-made POPs. None of the compounds measured increased in concentration with increasing prevalence of FP across the four groups of turtles, suggesting that these 164 compounds are not likely primary triggers for the onset of FP. However, the stranded, severely tumored, emaciated turtle group (</span><i>n</i><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>= 14) had the highest concentrations of POPs, which might suggest that mobilization of contaminants with lipids into the blood during late-stage weight loss could contribute to the progression of the disease. Taken together, these data suggest that POPs are not a major cofactor in causing the onset of FP.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publisherLocation":"Easton, PA","doi":"10.1021/es5014054","usgsCitation":"Keller, J.M., Balazs, G.H., Nilsen, F., Rice, M., Work, T.M., and Jensen, B.A., 2014, Investigating the potential role of persistent organic pollutants in Hawaiian green sea turtle fibropapillomatosis: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 48, no. 14, p. 7807-7816, https://doi.org/10.1021/es5014054.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"7807","endPage":"7816","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057745","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289678,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289677,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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