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,{"id":54784,"text":"wdrNHVT951 - 1996 - Water resources data, New Hampshire and Vermont, water year 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-14T15:08:59.821209","indexId":"wdrNHVT951","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"NH-VT-95-1","title":"Water resources data, New Hampshire and Vermont, water year 1995","docAbstract":"<p>Water-resources data for the 1995 water year for New Hampshire and Vermont consists of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; contents of lakes and reservoirs; and ground-water levels. This report contains discharge records for 72 gaging stations, stage records for 5 lakes, monthend contents for 23 lakes and reservoirs, water quality for 9 gaging stations and water levels for 26 observation wells. Also included are data for 18 crest-stage partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data-collection program and are published as miscellaneous measurements. A few pertinent stations in bordering states are also included in this report. These data represent that portion of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in New Hampshire and Vermont.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrNHVT951","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the states of New Hampshire and Vermont and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Hammond, R., Coakley, M., Keirstead, C., and Kiah, R., 1996, Water resources data, New Hampshire and Vermont, water year 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report NH-VT-95-1, xiv, 205 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrNHVT951.","productDescription":"xiv, 205 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":483345,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1995/nhvt-95-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":482334,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1995/nhvt-95-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire, Vermont","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.3447265625,\n              42.68243539838623\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.68603515625,\n              42.68243539838623\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.68603515625,\n              45.213003555993964\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.3447265625,\n              45.213003555993964\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.3447265625,\n              42.68243539838623\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb359","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hammond, R.E.","contributorId":56292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coakley, M.F.","contributorId":25228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coakley","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keirstead, Chandlee","contributorId":10862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keirstead","given":"Chandlee","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kiah, R.G.","contributorId":76770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiah","given":"R.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":30763,"text":"fs07896 - 1996 - US GeoData Digital Line Graphs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-16T17:16:06","indexId":"fs07896","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"078-96","title":"US GeoData Digital Line Graphs","docAbstract":"Digital line graph (DLG) data are digital representations of cartographic information. DLG?s of map features are digital vectors converted from maps and related sources. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) DLG data are classified as large, intermediate, and small scale.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs07896","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996, US GeoData Digital Line Graphs: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 078-96, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs07896.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0078/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59485,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/0078/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611a6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44713,"text":"wri934057 - 1995 - Bathymetry, freshwater flow, and specific conductance of Matlacha Pass, southwestern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-13T12:08:02.444396","indexId":"wri934057","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-12T21:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4057","title":"Bathymetry, freshwater flow, and specific conductance of Matlacha Pass, southwestern Florida","docAbstract":"<p>The Matlacha Pass estuary, a State of Florida aquatic preserve, is bounded by Pine Island to the west, Cape Coral to the east, Charlotte Harbor to the north, and the Caloosahatchee River to the south (fig. 1). The estuary is important for its aesthetic value; used for recreational boating, sport and commercial fishing, tourism, and residential development; and is a nursery for fish and invertebrates.</p><p>Historically, freshwater runoff from Cape Coral entered Matlacha Pass estuary as sheetflow. As development occurred on Cape Coral, canals were designed and constructed to collect the freshwater runoff and distribute it as sheetflow through two spreader canal systems into Matlacha Pass. Water managers have expressed concern that altering the freshwater runoff patterns into the pass could have a detrimental effect on salinity distribution which might adversely affect the aquatic system of the pass. Adequate data were not available to evaluate the freshwater flow, its movement, and mixing. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Cape Coral, Lee County, and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, conducted a study from July 1989 to September 1992 to identify three hydrodynamic aspects for managing the estuary.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri934057","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Cape Coral, Lee County, and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Russell, G.M., and Kane, R.L., 1995, Bathymetry, freshwater flow, and specific conductance of Matlacha Pass, southwestern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4057, 2 Plate: 32.00 x 22.18 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934057.","productDescription":"2 Plate: 32.00 x 22.18 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169591,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4057/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":82009,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4057/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.82 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Cape Coral","otherGeospatial":"Matlacha Pass","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.254638671875,\n              26.480407161007275\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.94976806640625,\n              26.480407161007275\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.94976806640625,\n              26.740704807127834\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.254638671875,\n              26.740704807127834\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.254638671875,\n              26.480407161007275\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ce4b07f02db63e174","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell, Gary M.","contributorId":42973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kane, Richard L. rkane@usgs.gov","contributorId":2034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"Richard","email":"rkane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29240,"text":"wri944121 - 1995 - Preliminary assessment of injection, storage, and recovery of freshwater in the lower Hawthorn aquifer, Cape Coral, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-14T12:04:24.209495","indexId":"wri944121","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-13T10:55:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4121","displayTitle":"Preliminary Assessment of Injection, Storage, and Recovery of Freshwater in the Lower Hawthorn Aquifer, Cape Coral, Florida","title":"Preliminary assessment of injection, storage, and recovery of freshwater in the lower Hawthorn aquifer, Cape Coral, Florida","docAbstract":"A preliminary assessment of subsurface injection, storage and recovery of fresh canal water was made in the naturally brackish lower Hawthorn aquifer in Cape Coral, southwestern Florida. A digital modeling approach was used for this preliminary assessment, incorporating available data on hydrologic conditions, aquifer properties, and water quality to simulate density-dependent ground-water flow and advective-dispersive transport of a conservative ground-water solute (chloride ion). \r\n\r\nA baseline simulation was used as reference to compare the effects of changing various operational factors on the recovery efficiency. A recovery efficiency of 64 percent was estimated for the baseline simulation. Based on the model, the recovery efficiency increases if the injection rate and recovery rates are increased and if the ratio of recovery rate to injection rate is increased. Recovery efficiency decreases if the amount of water injected is increased; slightly decreases if the storage time is increased; is not changed significantly if the water is injected to a specific flow zone; increases with successive cycles of injection, storage, and recovery; and decreases if the chloride concentrations in either the injection water or native aquifer water are increased. In everal hypothetical tests, the recovery efficiency fluctuated between 22 and about 100 percent. \r\n\r\nTwo successive cycles could bring the recovery efficiency from 60 to about 80 percent. Interlayer solute mass movement across the upper and lower boundaries seems to be the most important factor affecting the recovery efficiency. A sensitivity analysis was performed applying a technique in which the change in the various factors and the corresponding model responses are normalized so that meaningful comparisons among the responses could be made. The general results from the sensitivity analysis indicated that the permeabilities of the upper and lower flow zones were the most important factors that produced the greatest changes in the relative sensitivity of the recovery efficiency. Almost equally significant changes occurred in the relative sensitivity of the recovery efficiency when all porosity values of the upper and lower flow zones and the leaky confining units and the vertical anisotropy ratio were changed. \r\n\r\nThe advective factors are the most important in the Cape Coral area according to the sensitivity analysis. However, the dispersivity values used in the model were extrapolated from studies conducted at the nearby Lee County Water Treatment Plant, and these values might not be representative of the actual dispersive characteristics of the lower Hawthorn aquifer in the Cape Coral area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri944121","usgsCitation":"Quinones-Aponte, V., and Wexler, E.J., 1995, Preliminary assessment of injection, storage, and recovery of freshwater in the lower Hawthorn aquifer, Cape Coral, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4121, vi, 102 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944121.","productDescription":"vi, 102 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":2242,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4121/wri944121.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.26 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 94-4121"},{"id":158529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4121/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Cape Coral","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.21618652343749,\n              26.418930009317858\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.80145263671875,\n              26.418930009317858\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.80145263671875,\n              26.775039386999605\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.21618652343749,\n              26.775039386999605\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.21618652343749,\n              26.418930009317858\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaee4b07f02db66c847","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quinones-Aponte, Vicente","contributorId":48552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinones-Aponte","given":"Vicente","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wexler, Eliezer J.","contributorId":99963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wexler","given":"Eliezer","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":57254,"text":"wdrMDDE952 - 1995 - Water resources data Maryland and Delaware, water year 1995, Volume 2: Ground-water data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-22T19:45:13.176964","indexId":"wdrMDDE952","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-22T14:55:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MD-DE-95-2","displayTitle":"Water Resources Data Maryland and Delaware, Water Year 1995, Volume 2. Ground-Water Data","title":"Water resources data Maryland and Delaware, water year 1995, Volume 2: Ground-water data","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrMDDE952","usgsCitation":"Smigaj, M., and Saffer, R., 1995, Water resources data Maryland and Delaware, water year 1995, Volume 2: Ground-water data: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MD-DE-95-2, 588 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMDDE952.","productDescription":"588 p.","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":184132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1995/md-de-95-2/wdrMDDE952_coverthb.jpg"},{"id":381992,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1995/md-de-95-2/wdrMDDE952.pdf","text":"Report","size":"22.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Water Data Report MD-DE-95-2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, 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,{"id":54665,"text":"wdrMDDE951 - 1995 - Water resources data Maryland and Delaware, water year 1995, Volume 1. Surface-water data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-22T19:44:47.284784","indexId":"wdrMDDE951","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-22T14:55:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MD-DE-95-1","displayTitle":"Water Resources Data Maryland and Delaware, Water Year 1995, Volume 1. Surface-Water Data","title":"Water resources data Maryland and Delaware, water year 1995, Volume 1. Surface-water data","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrMDDE951","usgsCitation":"James, R., Simmons, R., and Helinsky, B., 1995, Water resources data Maryland and Delaware, water year 1995, Volume 1. 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 \"}}]}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67af13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"James, R.W.","contributorId":70434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simmons, R.H.","contributorId":19982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Helinsky, B.M.","contributorId":82344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helinsky","given":"B.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70179464,"text":"70179464 - 1995 - Numerical simulation of ground-water flow in basin-fill material in Salt Lake Valley, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-03T12:39:14","indexId":"70179464","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"110-B","title":"Numerical simulation of ground-water flow in basin-fill material in Salt Lake Valley, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>A three-dimensional, finite-difference, numerical model was developed to simulate ground-water flow in the basin-fill material in Salt Lake Valley, Utah. The model was calibrated to steady-state and transient-state conditions. The steady-state simulation was developed and calibrated using hydrologic data defining average conditions for 1968. The transient-state simulation was developed and calibrated using hydrologic data from 1969-91.</p><p>Areally the model grid is 94 rows by 62 columns, with each cell 0.35 mile on a side. Vertically, the aquifer system is divided into seven layers. The model simulates recharge to the basin-fill ground-water flow system from (1) consolidated rock, (2) streams and canals, (3) precipitation on the valley floor, (4) irrigated land, (5) reservoirs and evaporation ponds in the southwestern part of the valley, and (6) underflow at Jordan Narrows. Estimated discharge to wells, canals, and springs is incorporated in the model. During simulation, the model computes (1) ground-water flow to and seepage from the Jordan River and the lower reaches of its principal tributaries, (2) recharge from consolidated rock at the northern end of the Oquirrh Mountains, (3) discharge to drains, and (4) discharge by evapotranspiration.</p><p>During steady-state calibration, calibration variables were adjusted within probable ranges to minimize differences between model-computed and measured water levels, model-computed and estimated ground-water discharge to the Jordan River, and simulated and measured vertical hydraulic gradients. The transient-state simulation was calibrated to measured water-level changes and estimated annual gains in the Jordan River.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake city, UT","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality","usgsCitation":"Lambert, P., 1995, Numerical simulation of ground-water flow in basin-fill material in Salt Lake Valley, Utah: Technical Publication 110-B, vi, 58 p.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p.","numberOfPages":"70","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332756,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-6-591"},{"id":332757,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docImport/0489/04895678.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Salt Lake County","otherGeospatial":"Salt Lake Valley","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-111.6432,40.7953],[-111.6438,40.7926],[-111.6396,40.7872],[-111.6439,40.7849],[-111.6403,40.7795],[-111.647,40.7749],[-111.6427,40.7731],[-111.6397,40.7704],[-111.6379,40.7695],[-111.6343,40.7677],[-111.6312,40.7658],[-111.6258,40.7626],[-111.6246,40.7604],[-111.6234,40.759],[-111.6222,40.7554],[-111.621,40.7504],[-111.6204,40.7431],[-111.6199,40.7381],[-111.6193,40.7327],[-111.6163,40.7299],[-111.612,40.7272],[-111.6078,40.724],[-111.6066,40.7204],[-111.6048,40.7172],[-111.6018,40.7145],[-111.5976,40.7122],[-111.5927,40.7072],[-111.5897,40.704],[-111.5897,40.6995],[-111.597,40.6945],[-111.5989,40.6904],[-111.5959,40.6805],[-111.5966,40.6696],[-111.5954,40.6623],[-111.593,40.6541],[-111.5798,40.6459],[-111.5755,40.6405],[-111.5738,40.6346],[-111.5689,40.6332],[-111.5653,40.6273],[-111.5593,40.6218],[-111.5557,40.6173],[-111.5503,40.6159],[-111.5497,40.6118],[-111.5533,40.61],[-111.5552,40.6087],[-111.5588,40.6064],[-111.5588,40.6032],[-111.5583,40.5969],[-111.5583,40.5937],[-111.5638,40.5855],[-111.5716,40.5842],[-111.5789,40.5833],[-111.5971,40.5784],[-111.5983,40.5789],[-111.6038,40.5657],[-111.6129,40.5667],[-111.622,40.5667],[-111.6311,40.5672],[-111.6347,40.5699],[-111.6414,40.5608],[-111.6468,40.5568],[-111.6523,40.5554],[-111.6565,40.5532],[-111.6608,40.5432],[-111.6669,40.541],[-111.6796,40.5328],[-111.6869,40.5342],[-111.6935,40.5351],[-111.7038,40.5356],[-111.7129,40.532],[-111.7202,40.5266],[-111.7335,40.5307],[-111.7371,40.5262],[-111.7474,40.5253],[-111.7619,40.5276],[-111.771,40.5235],[-111.7819,40.5149],[-111.7873,40.509],[-111.7867,40.5072],[-111.791,40.4959],[-111.7928,40.4954],[-111.8013,40.495],[-111.811,40.4905],[-111.8261,40.4846],[-111.8328,40.4814],[-111.8394,40.4742],[-111.8424,40.4755],[-111.8461,40.4765],[-111.8515,40.4692],[-111.8551,40.4669],[-111.8594,40.4688],[-111.8654,40.4715],[-111.8696,40.4765],[-111.8811,40.4715],[-111.8878,40.4683],[-111.8926,40.4656],[-111.8969,40.4638],[-111.9035,40.4588],[-111.9222,40.4525],[-111.9126,40.4416],[-111.9192,40.438],[-111.9271,40.4348],[-111.9307,40.433],[-111.9434,40.4267],[-111.9513,40.4221],[-111.9531,40.4212],[-111.9561,40.4198],[-111.9627,40.4189],[-111.9663,40.4176],[-111.97,40.4158],[-111.9748,40.4149],[-111.9772,40.4158],[-111.9923,40.4235],[-112.0038,40.4262],[-112.0141,40.4344],[-112.0213,40.4398],[-112.0261,40.4493],[-112.0286,40.4575],[-112.0322,40.4643],[-112.0425,40.4602],[-112.0443,40.4561],[-112.0527,40.4543],[-112.0582,40.4516],[-112.0636,40.4484],[-112.069,40.4457],[-112.0751,40.447],[-112.0835,40.4466],[-112.092,40.447],[-112.0998,40.4448],[-112.1034,40.442],[-112.1113,40.4389],[-112.1131,40.4429],[-112.1125,40.4457],[-112.1125,40.4515],[-112.1174,40.4534],[-112.1198,40.4543],[-112.1252,40.4606],[-112.1283,40.4633],[-112.1343,40.4665],[-112.1428,40.471],[-112.1506,40.4687],[-112.1524,40.4669],[-112.1591,40.4624],[-112.1675,40.4642],[-112.173,40.4674],[-112.17,40.4719],[-112.1754,40.4814],[-112.1724,40.4846],[-112.1864,40.4964],[-112.1797,40.5018],[-112.1864,40.514],[-112.1779,40.5204],[-112.1774,40.5299],[-112.181,40.5399],[-112.1822,40.5431],[-112.1774,40.5544],[-112.1762,40.5562],[-112.1817,40.5617],[-112.1805,40.5676],[-112.1835,40.573],[-112.1793,40.5785],[-112.1745,40.5857],[-112.1781,40.5943],[-112.1769,40.6021],[-112.1739,40.6039],[-112.18,40.6088],[-112.18,40.6129],[-112.1879,40.6152],[-112.1927,40.6233],[-112.1933,40.6242],[-112.194,40.6261],[-112.1928,40.6383],[-112.1928,40.6397],[-112.197,40.6433],[-112.1976,40.6483],[-112.2025,40.6533],[-112.2007,40.6646],[-112.1995,40.6728],[-112.2032,40.6787],[-112.1996,40.6882],[-112.196,40.6927],[-112.1978,40.6995],[-112.2002,40.7045],[-112.2009,40.7077],[-112.2033,40.7113],[-112.2258,40.7262],[-112.2611,40.7706],[-112.2029,40.8075],[-112.2011,40.8079],[-112.1375,40.8457],[-112.0567,40.892],[-112.0069,40.9201],[-111.9558,40.9192],[-111.9558,40.897],[-111.9667,40.8843],[-111.968,40.8748],[-111.9601,40.8675],[-111.9613,40.8594],[-111.9625,40.8526],[-111.9576,40.8471],[-111.951,40.8466],[-111.9437,40.8421],[-111.9437,40.8371],[-111.9412,40.8326],[-111.9352,40.8262],[-111.9328,40.8208],[-111.9103,40.8226],[-111.8896,40.823],[-111.8811,40.8235],[-111.8684,40.8235],[-111.8526,40.8266],[-111.8374,40.8325],[-111.8259,40.8334],[-111.8186,40.8343],[-111.8082,40.8383],[-111.7985,40.8388],[-111.7851,40.8447],[-111.7778,40.8442],[-111.7645,40.8505],[-111.748,40.8546],[-111.7444,40.8609],[-111.7352,40.8627],[-111.7231,40.855],[-111.7176,40.8563],[-111.7079,40.8531],[-111.7012,40.8567],[-111.6982,40.8617],[-111.6818,40.8585],[-111.6745,40.8562],[-111.6684,40.8544],[-111.6624,40.8507],[-111.6575,40.8475],[-111.6563,40.8453],[-111.6655,40.8362],[-111.6564,40.8285],[-111.6497,40.8258],[-111.6437,40.8221],[-111.6401,40.8194],[-111.6432,40.7953]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Salt Lake\",\"state\":\"UT\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586cc6bce4b0f5ce109fa9a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lambert, P. M.","contributorId":74380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70179668,"text":"70179668 - 1995 - Seasonal cycles of dissolved constituents in streamwater in two forested catchments in the mid-Atlantic region of the eastern U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T14:38:39","indexId":"70179668","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal cycles of dissolved constituents in streamwater in two forested catchments in the mid-Atlantic region of the eastern U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p><span>Streamwater discharge and chemistry of two small catchments on Catoctin Mountain in north-central Maryland have been monitored since 1982. Repetitive seasonal cycles in stream-water chemistry have been observed each year, along with seasonal cycles in the volume of stream discharge and in groundwater levels. The hypothesis that the observed streamwater chemical cycles are related to seasonal changes in the hydrological flow paths that contribute to streamflow is examined using a combination of data on groundwater levels, shallow and deep groundwater chemistry, streamwater discharge, streamwater chemistry, soil-water chemistry, and estimates of water residence times. The concentrations of constituents derived from rock weathering, particularly bicarbonate and silica, increase in streamwater during the summer when the water table is below the regolith-bedrock interface and stream discharge consists primarily of deep groundwater from the fractured-bedrock aquifer. Conversely, the concentrations in streamwater of atmospherically derived components, particularly sulfate, increase in winter when the water table is above the regolith-bedrock interface and stream discharge consists primarily of shallow groundwater from the regolith. Tritium and chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) measurements suggest that the groundwater in these systems is young, with a residence time of less than several years. The results of this study have implications for the design of large-scale water-quality monitoring programs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(95)92713-N","usgsCitation":"Rice, K.C., and Bricker, O.P., 1995, Seasonal cycles of dissolved constituents in streamwater in two forested catchments in the mid-Atlantic region of the eastern U.S.A.: Journal of Hydrology, v. 170, p. 137-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(95)92713-N.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"158","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333031,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Frederick","otherGeospatial":"Catoctin Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.52021789550781,\n              39.57049901310693\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.52021789550781,\n              39.69001640474053\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.3880386352539,\n              39.69001640474053\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.3880386352539,\n              39.57049901310693\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.52021789550781,\n              39.57049901310693\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"170","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58760117e4b04eac8e0746e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":1998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bricker, Owen P.","contributorId":25142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70179069,"text":"70179069 - 1995 - Hydrology of the Sevier-Sigurd ground-water basin and other ground-water basins, central Sevier Valley, Utah.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T17:14:50","indexId":"70179069","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"103","title":"Hydrology of the Sevier-Sigurd ground-water basin and other ground-water basins, central Sevier Valley, Utah.","docAbstract":"<p>The hydrologic system in the central Sevier Valley, and more specifically the Sevier-Sigurd basin, is a complex system in which surface- and ground-water systems are interrelated. Seepage from an extensive irrigation system is the primary source of recharge to the basin-fill aquifer in the Sevier-Sigurd basin.</p><p>Water-quality data indicate that inflow from streams and subsurface inflow that intersect evaporite deposits in the Arapien Shale does not adversely affect ground-water quality in the Sevier-Sigurd basin. Stable-isotope data indicate that large sulfate concentrations in water from wells are from the dissolution of gypsum within the basin fill rather than inflow from the Arapien Shale.</p><p>A ground-water-flow model of the basin-fill aquifer in the Sevier-Sigurd basin was calibrated to steady-state conditions and transient conditions using yearly water-level changes from 1957-88 and monthly water-level changes from 1958-59. Predictive simulations were made to test the effects of reduced recharge from irrigation and increased well discharge. To simulate the effects of conversion from flood to sprinkler irrigation, recharge from irrigated fields was reduced by 50 percent. After twenty years, this reduction resulted in water-level declines of 1 to 8 feet in most of the basin, and a reduction in ground-water discharge to the Sevier River of 4,800 acre-ft/yr. Water-level declines of as much as 12 feet and a reduction in recharge to the Sevier River of 4,800 acre-ft/yr were the result of increasing well discharge near Richfield and Monroe by 25,000 acre-ft/yr.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared by the United State Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Lambert, P., Mason, J.L., and Puchta, R.W., 1995, Hydrology of the Sevier-Sigurd ground-water basin and other ground-water basins, central Sevier Valley, Utah.: Technical Publication 103, viii, 181 p.","productDescription":"viii, 181 p.","numberOfPages":"193","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332148,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332142,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v919/v919/v91900d4.pdf"},{"id":332141,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-6-520"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Sevier River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.6263427734375,\n              38.095659755295614\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.6263427734375,\n              39.40224434029275\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.4178466796875,\n              39.40224434029275\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.4178466796875,\n              38.095659755295614\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.6263427734375,\n              38.095659755295614\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585268e5e4b0e2663625eca0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lambert, P. M.","contributorId":74380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mason, J. L.","contributorId":24389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puchta, R. W","contributorId":177482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Puchta","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70174595,"text":"70174595 - 1995 - Isohaline position as a habitat indicator for estuarine populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-20T16:59:15","indexId":"70174595","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-13T10:15:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isohaline position as a habitat indicator for estuarine populations","docAbstract":"<p>Populations of native and introduced aquatic organisms in the San&nbsp; Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Estuary (\"Bay/Delta\") have undergone significant declines over the past two decades. Decreased river inflow due to drought and increased freshwater diversion have contributed to the decline of at least some populations. Effective management of the estuary's biological resources requires a sensitive indicator of the response to freshwater inflow that has ecological significance, can be measured accurately and easily, and could be used as a \"policy\" variable to set standards for managing freshwater inflow. Positioning of the 2% (grams of salt per kilogram of seawater) bottom salinity value along the axis of the estuary was examined for this purpose.</p><p>The 2% bottom salinity position (denoted by X<sub>2</sub>) has simple and significant statistical relationships with annual measures of many estuarine resources, including the supply of phytoplankton and phytoplankton-derived detritus from local production and river loading; benthic macroinvertebrates (molluscs); mysids and shrimp; larval fish survival; and the abundance of planktivorous, piscivorous, and bottom-foraging fish. The actual mechanisms are understood for only a few of these populations.</p><p><br>X<sub>2</sub> also satisfies other recognized requirements for a habitat indicator and probably can be measured with greater accuracy and precision than alternative habitat indicators such as net freshwater inflow into the estuary. The 2% value may not have special ecological significance for other estuaries (in the Bay/Delta, it marks the locations of an estuarine turbidity maximum and peaks in the abundance of several estuarine organisms), but the concept of using near-bottom isohaline position as a habitat indicator should be widely applicable.<br>Although X<sub>2</sub> is a sensitive index of the estuarine community's response to net freshwater inflow, other hydraulic features of the estuary also determine population abundances and resource levels. In particular, diversion of water for export from or consumption within the estuary can have a direct effect on population abundance independent of its effect on X<sub>2</sub>. The need to consider diversion, in addition to X<sub>2</sub>, for managing certain estuarine resources is illustrated using striped bass survival as an example.</p><p><br>The striped bass survival data were also used to illustrate a related important point: incorporating additional explanatory variables may decrease the prediction error for a population or process, but it can increase the uncertainty in parameter estimates and management strategies based on these estimates. Even in cases where the uncertainty is currently too large to guide management decisions, an uncertainty analysis can identify the most practical direction for future data acquisition.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.2307/1942069","usgsCitation":"Jassby, A.D., Kimmerer, W., Monismith, S., Armor, C., Cloern, J.E., Powell, T., and Vedlinski, T.J., 1995, Isohaline position as a habitat indicator for estuarine populations: Ecological Applications, v. 5, no. 1, p. 272-289, https://doi.org/10.2307/1942069.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"272","endPage":"289","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325199,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Francisco","city":"Sacramento; San Francisco; San Jose","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay and Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.03314208984374,\n              37.14499280340638\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.03314208984374,\n              38.30933576918588\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.2506103515625,\n              38.30933576918588\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.2506103515625,\n              37.14499280340638\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.03314208984374,\n              37.14499280340638\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5787662fe4b0d27deb36e189","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jassby, Alan D.","contributorId":66403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jassby","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimmerer, W.J.","contributorId":23305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimmerer","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Monismith, Stephen G.","contributorId":57228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monismith","given":"Stephen G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Armor, C.","contributorId":76942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armor","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Powell, T.M.","contributorId":88090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vedlinski, Timothy J.","contributorId":172881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vedlinski","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70187792,"text":"70187792 - 1995 - Three-dimensional inverse modelling using heads and concentrations at a Danish landfill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-19T12:09:26","indexId":"70187792","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Three-dimensional inverse modelling using heads and concentrations at a Danish landfill","docAbstract":"<p>A three-dimensional inverse model using hydraulic heads and concentrations of non-reactive solutes is presented. Application to the Danish Grindsted Old Landfill is used to investigate how the concentration data affects estimates of horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity and longitudinal dispersivity as well as prediction uncertainty</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Models for Assessing and Monitoring Groundwater Quality ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"language":"English","publisher":"IAHS Publications","usgsCitation":"Christiansen Barlebo, H., Hill, M.C., Rosbjerg, D., and Jensen, K., 1995, Three-dimensional inverse modelling using heads and concentrations at a Danish landfill, <i>in</i> Models for Assessing and Monitoring Groundwater Quality , v. 227, p. 167-167.","productDescription":"9 p. 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,{"id":70157436,"text":"70157436 - 1995 - Long-term simulation of PCB export from the Fox River to Green Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-23T10:14:30","indexId":"70157436","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T04:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term simulation of PCB export from the Fox River to Green Bay","docAbstract":"<p>A mass balance approach was used to model long-term PCB transport in the Fox River (Wisconsin) from Lake Winnebago to Green Bay. The objectives of this research were to (1) extend the modeling approach for the Fox River to permit realistic long-term simulations of contaminant transport and fate, (2) forecast long-term PCB export from the Fox River to Green Bay, and (3) develop a rational approach for evaluating sediment remediation alternatives. Field data collected as part of the Green Bay Mass Balance Study during 1988-90 and additional data collected by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey during 1992-93 were used to develop the model. A 10-year hindcast was conducted to confirm long-term model predictions. A series of 25-year forecasts were then conducted to explore the potential effects of hydrograph structure, extremely high flows, and sediment remediation on long-term PCB export from the Fox River to Green Bay. PCB export from the Fox River is forecast to decrease, and most (75%) of the PCB reservoir in Fox River sediment is expected to remain in place. However, extremely high flows in future years are forecast to cause significant PCB resuspension and export. Model forecasts suggest that long-term PCB export is only mildly sensitive to changes in hydrograph structure. Sediment remediation is forecast to reduce but not eliminate PCB export.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71047-4","usgsCitation":"Velleux, M., Endicott, D., Steuer, J., Patterson, D., and Jaeger, S., 1995, Long-term simulation of PCB export from the Fox River to Green Bay: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 21, no. 3, p. 359-372, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71047-4.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"372","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":308424,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Fox River, Green Bay, Lake Winnebago","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.01422119140625,\n              44.630550504861795\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.14743041992188,\n              44.44358514592121\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.26553344726562,\n              44.38571009185821\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.53607177734375,\n              44.26683800273895\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.53744506835938,\n              44.190082025040525\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.45230102539062,\n              44.12998516884592\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.275146484375,\n              44.10533762552548\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.22158813476562,\n              44.208788215176114\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.1158447265625,\n              44.289452066459056\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.01696777343749,\n              44.381784286142434\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.95516967773438,\n              44.45142820106398\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.90435791015625,\n              44.51315545869882\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.86178588867188,\n              44.555249259710656\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.01422119140625,\n              44.630550504861795\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5603cd4ee4b03bc34f544b23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Velleux, M.L.","contributorId":46852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velleux","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Endicott, Douglas","contributorId":147900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Endicott","given":"Douglas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steuer, Jeffrey","contributorId":97530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steuer","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Patterson, Dale","contributorId":147902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patterson","given":"Dale","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jaeger, Steven","contributorId":147901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaeger","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70018884,"text":"70018884 - 1995 - Crustal magnetic anomalies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-21T15:26:46.739887","indexId":"70018884","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3283,"text":"Reviews of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal magnetic anomalies","docAbstract":"<p><span>This Quadrennial Report departs in format from its predecessors. Earlier reports provided brief descriptions of the entire range of topics on “crustal magnetic anomalies.” Following guidelines established by the AGU, we instead focus our discussion on only a few selected topics. Our abbreviated list of references reflects this restricted focus. A more comprehensive bibliography can be obtained from the authors as noted subsequently.</span></p><p><span>The past quadrennium was distinguished by a significant change in the scale and scope of crustal magnetic anomaly research. Advances in instrumentation, navigation, and data processing techniques resulted in increasing use of two-dimensional anomaly maps rather than profile data. Although maps are commonly used in aeromagnetic studies of continental areas, their use in the ocean basins has been limited until recently. The other important change has been a trend towards increased integration of magnetic anomaly data with gravity, seismic, geochemical, remote sensing, and geologic data to enhance the interpretation and reduce the ambiguity of magnetic field data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/95RG00444","issn":"87551209","usgsCitation":"Raymond, C., and Blakely, R., 1995, Crustal magnetic anomalies: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 33, no. S1, p. 177-183, https://doi.org/10.1029/95RG00444.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"183","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226616,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"S1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fce0e4b0c8380cd4e4a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raymond, C.A.","contributorId":50301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raymond","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18954,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":381017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blakely, R.J. 0000-0003-1701-5236","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":70755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007019,"text":"70007019 - 1995 - Analysis of water level management on the upper Mississippi River (1980–1990)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T13:53:04","indexId":"70007019","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-19T09:53:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3246,"text":"Regulated Rivers: Research & Management","printIssn":"0886-9375","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of water level management on the upper Mississippi River (1980–1990)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Management at 27 low-head dams affects water surface elevations for a 1050km stretch of the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) between St Louis, Missouri and Minneapolis, Minnesota. A systemic overview is given of current operating plans at dams on the UMR and historical data are analysed to determine how well the operating plans are being met. Water level elevations at all 27 dams are regulated as a function of discharge, although plans are specific for each dam. The management objective is to maintain a target water level at specific locations (control point) in each impoundment over specific ranges of discharge. The target water level and control point may change as discharge changes in each impoundment. In some of the impoundments water regulation causes drawdowns below the elevation for which the dams were planned, and at other dams no drawdown occurs. During the navigation seasons of 1980 to 1990, water levels were within their target window for an average of 72·5% of the time for 25 dams analysed. Difficulties in meeting targets are caused by winds, local rainfall events, ice dams and rapidly fluctuating discharges from tributaries with upstream reservoirs used for peaking hydropower.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rrr.3450110213","usgsCitation":"Wlosinski, J.H., and Hill, L., 1995, Analysis of water level management on the upper Mississippi River (1980–1990): Regulated Rivers: Research & Management, v. 11, no. 2, p. 239-248, https://doi.org/10.1002/rrr.3450110213.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"239","endPage":"248","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River","volume":"11","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb4ae4b0c8380cd48d2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wlosinski, Joseph H.","contributorId":75488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wlosinski","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Lara","contributorId":7975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Lara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007049,"text":"70007049 - 1995 - Survival estimation and the effects of dependency among animals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-01T01:01:51","indexId":"70007049","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:12:51","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2173,"text":"Journal of Applied Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival estimation and the effects of dependency among animals","docAbstract":"Survival models assume that fates of individuals are independent, yet the robustness of this assumption has been poorly quantified. We examine how empirically derived estimates of the variance of survival rates are affected by dependency in survival probability among individuals. We used Monte Carlo simulations to generate known amounts of dependency among pairs of individuals and analyzed these data with Kaplan-Meier and Cormack-Jolly-Seber models. Dependency significantly increased these empirical variances as compared to theoretically derived estimates of variance from the same populations. Using resighting data from 168 pairs of black brant, we used a resampling procedure and program RELEASE to estimate empirical and mean theoretical variances. We estimated that the relationship between paired individuals caused the empirical variance of the survival rate to be 155% larger than the empirical variance for unpaired individuals. Monte Carlo simulations and use of this resampling strategy can provide investigators with information on how robust their data are to this common assumption of independent survival probabilities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Statistics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/02664769524531","collaboration":"None","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., Ward, D.H., Sedinger, J.S., and Rexstad, E.A., 1995, Survival estimation and the effects of dependency among animals: Journal of Applied Statistics, v. 22, no. 5/6, p. 673-681, https://doi.org/10.1080/02664769524531.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"673","endPage":"681","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":260113,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02664769524531","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"22","issue":"5/6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2bee4b08c986b31f914","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":355738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rexstad, Eric A.","contributorId":55701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rexstad","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70039468,"text":"70039468 - 1995 - Wisconsin: A summary of cooperative water-resources investigations 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-08T01:02:14","indexId":"70039468","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T10:52:28","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":379,"text":"Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Wisconsin: A summary of cooperative water-resources investigations 1995","docAbstract":"The objectives of this study are to provide continuous discharge records for selected rivers at specific sites to supply the needs for regulation, analytical studies, definition of statistical properties, trends analysis, determination of the occurrence, and distribution of water in streams for planning. The project is also designed to determine lake levels and to provide discharge for floods, low-flow conditions, and for water-quality investigations. Requests for streamflow data and information relating to streamflow in Wisconsin are answered. Basic data are published annually in the report \"Water Resources Data-Wisconsin\".","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70039468","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 1995, Wisconsin: A summary of cooperative water-resources investigations 1995: Report, viii, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039468.","productDescription":"viii, 58 p.","numberOfPages":"69","costCenters":[{"id":676,"text":"Wisconsin Water Resource Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261596,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039468/report.pdf"},{"id":261597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039468/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.9,42.5 ], [ -92.9,47.05 ], [ -86.81666666666666,47.05 ], [ -86.81666666666666,42.5 ], [ -92.9,42.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd171e4b08c986b32f429","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","contributorId":127977,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","id":535312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70203832,"text":"70203832 - 1995 - Mark-resighting analysis of a California gull population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-14T15:14:08","indexId":"70203832","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-10T12:56:19","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2173,"text":"Journal of Applied Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mark-resighting analysis of a California gull population","docAbstract":"<p><span>California gulls (<i>Larus californicus</i>) of known age and sex were censused on their breeding colony in 1979, 1980 and 1984 through 1993. Ages of 235 males and 196 females ranged from 4 to 27 years. Age classes used in the analysis were limited to 17, 4 through 19, and 20 or more as a final age category because data on gulls over 20 were sparse. Survival declined with age in a way that was parsimoniously modelled with a quadratic function. Other factors, sex and time, did not explain any variation in survival. Resighting depended on age, sex and time. Younger adults skipped breeding more frequently than did older adults, and females skipped breeding more frequently than did males. There was also good evidence for time dependence in resighting probability, but its inclusion in the model occurred at the expense of interpretability and precision. In a data set such as this, resighting probability may assume more importance than a mere 'nuisance parameter'. In this study, resighting history measured attendance at the breeding ground. In turn, attendance rates may be a manifestation of reproductive strategy, which can also have consequences for survival. In this situation, there may be heterogeneity in both survival and resighting probability that is unexplained by the model. While such complexity may well be a nuisance to deal with, it can also point to important biological questions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02664769524504","usgsCitation":"Pugesek, B.H., Nations, C., Diem, K., and Pradel, R., 1995, Mark-resighting analysis of a California gull population: Journal of Applied Statistics, v. 22, no. 5-6, p. 625-639, https://doi.org/10.1080/02664769524504.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"625","endPage":"639","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":364706,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Albany County","otherGeospatial":"Bamforth Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.7448673248291,\n              41.37353990347627\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.73984622955322,\n              41.37353990347627\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.73984622955322,\n              41.377243301503945\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.7448673248291,\n              41.377243301503945\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.7448673248291,\n              41.37353990347627\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pugesek, Bruce H.","contributorId":22668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pugesek","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nations, Chris","contributorId":216247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nations","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Diem, K.L.","contributorId":50310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diem","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pradel, Roger","contributorId":176008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pradel","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5223074,"text":"5223074 - 1995 - A 24-hour remote surveillance system for terrestrial wildlife studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:03","indexId":"5223074","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:43","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 24-hour remote surveillance system for terrestrial wildlife studies","docAbstract":"The configuration, components, specifications and costs of a state-of-the-art closed-circuit television system with wide application for wildlife research and management are described. The principal system components consist of color CCTV camera with zoom lens, pan/tilt system, infrared illuminator, heavy duty tripod, coaxial cable, coaxitron system, half-duplex equalizing video/control amplifier, timelapse video cassette recorder, color video monitor, VHS video cassettes, portable generator, fuel tank and power cable. This system was developed and used in a study of Mississippi sandhiIl Crane (Grus canadensis pratensis)  behaviors during incubation, hatching and fledging.  The main advantages of the system are minimal downtime where a complete record of every event, its time of occurrence and duration, are permanently recorded and can be replayed as many times as necessary thereafter to retrieve the data. The system is particularly applicable for studies of behavior and predation, for counting individuals, or recording difficult to observe activities.  The system can be run continuously for several weeks by two people, reducing personnel costs.  This paper is intended to provide biologists who have litte knowledge of electronics with a system that might be useful to their specific needs.  The disadvantages of this system are the initial costs (about $9800 basic, 1990-1991 U.S. dollars) and the time required to playback video cassette tapes for data retrieval, but the playback can be sped up when litte or no activity of interest is taking place.  In our study, the positive aspects of the system far outweighed the negative.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Sykes, P., Ryman, W., Kepler, C.B., and Hardy, J., 1995, A 24-hour remote surveillance system for terrestrial wildlife studies: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 66, no. 2, p. 199-211.","productDescription":"199-211","startPage":"199","endPage":"211","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":15956,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/JFO/v066n02/p0199-p0211.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"66","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b42ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sykes, P.W. Jr.","contributorId":107385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sykes","given":"P.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryman, W.E.","contributorId":90848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryman","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kepler, C. B.","contributorId":62548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kepler","given":"C.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardy, J.W.","contributorId":93153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardy","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5223067,"text":"5223067 - 1995 - Application of brain cholinesterase reactivation to differentiate between organophosphorus and carbamate pesticide exposure in wild birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-09T11:22:51.594385","indexId":"5223067","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:43","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of brain cholinesterase reactivation to differentiate between organophosphorus and carbamate pesticide exposure in wild birds","docAbstract":"<div id=\"9840213\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Brain cholinesterase activity was measured to evaluate pesticide exposure in wild birds. Thermal reactivation of brain cholinesterase was used to differentiate between carbamate and organophosphorus pesticide exposure. Brain cholinesterase activity was compared with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry of stomach contents. Pesticides were identified and confirmed in 86 of 102 incidents of mortality from 29 states within the USA from 1986 through 1991. Thermal reactivation of cholinesterase activity was used to correctly predict carbamates in 22 incidents and organophosphates in 59 incidents. Agreement (<i>P</i><span>&nbsp;</span>&lt; 0.001) between predictions based on cholinesterase activities and GC/MS results was significant.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-31.2.263","usgsCitation":"Smith, W.R., Thomas, N., and Hulse, C., 1995, Application of brain cholinesterase reactivation to differentiate between organophosphorus and carbamate pesticide exposure in wild birds: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 31, no. 2, p. 263-267, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-31.2.263.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"267","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480181,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-31.2.263","text":"Publisher Index 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 \"}}]}","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67aa6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, W. R.","contributorId":53899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, N. J. 0000-0002-0161-0391","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-0391","contributorId":49731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"N. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hulse, C.","contributorId":77100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hulse","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5223082,"text":"5223082 - 1995 - Responses of amphibian populations to water and soil factors in experimentally-treated aquatic macrocosms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-05T16:50:19.200964","indexId":"5223082","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:43","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Responses of amphibian populations to water and soil factors in experimentally-treated aquatic macrocosms","docAbstract":"<p><span>Survival of anuran embryos and tadpoles is reduced in acidic (pH&lt;5.0) waters under laboratory conditions. However, field data on the presence-absence of amphibian species and acidity are equivocal. This study attempts to reconcile some of this discrepancy by using macrocosms to examine the interaction of soil type and water acidification on free-ranging tadpole populations. Tadpoles were caught with activity traps in 24 aquatic macrocosms experimentally treated with H</span><sub>2</sub><span>SO</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;and Al</span><sub>2</sub><span>(SO</span><sub>4</sub><span>)</span><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;and lined with either comparatively high metal, low organic matter clay soils or lower metal, higher organic matter loams. Northern cricket frog (</span><i>Acris crepitans</i><span>) tadpole abundance was less in acidified macrocosms than in circumneutral ones (p&lt;0.05) and less in those with loam soils than in macrocosms with clay soils (p&lt;0.04). Gray treefrog (</span><i>Hyla versicolor</i><span>) abundance was affected by an interaction between soil and acidification (p&lt;0.07) in that treatment effects were only observed in macrocosms with clay soils (p&lt;0.01). No differences were observed among treatments for green frog (</span><i>Rana clamitans</i><span>) or southern leopard frog (</span><i>R. utricularia</i><span>) tadpoles. The study shows that soil type may interact with water conditions to affect amphibian populations in acidified waters.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00208374","usgsCitation":"Sparling, D.W., Lowe, T., Day, D., and Dolan, K., 1995, Responses of amphibian populations to water and soil factors in experimentally-treated aquatic macrocosms: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 29, no. 4, p. 455-461, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00208374.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"455","endPage":"461","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196451,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629b0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sparling, D. W.","contributorId":78675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparling","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowe, T. P.","contributorId":26028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowe","given":"T. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day, D. 0000-0001-9070-7170","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9070-7170","contributorId":20298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dolan, K.","contributorId":48664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolan","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5223373,"text":"5223373 - 1995 - Toxicity and bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants using freshwater invertebrates: A review of methods and applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T14:37:56","indexId":"5223373","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:42","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity and bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants using freshwater invertebrates: A review of methods and applications","docAbstract":"This paper reviews recent developments in methods for evaluating the toxicity and bioaccumulation of contaminants associated with freshwater sediments and summarizes example case studies demonstrating the application of these methods. Over the past decade, research has emphasized development of more specific testing procedures for conducting 10-d toxicity tests with the amphipod Hyalella azteca and the midge Chironomus tentans. Toxicity endpoints measured in these tests are survival for H. azteca and survival and growth for C. tentans. Guidance has also been developed for conducting 28-d bioaccumulation tests with the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus, including determination of bioaccumulation kinetics for different compound classes. These methods have been applied to a variety of sediments to address issues ranging from site assessments to bioavailability of organic and inorganic contaminants using field-collected and laboratory-spiked samples. Survival and growth of controls routinely meet or exceed test acceptability criteria. Results of laboratory bioaccumulation studies with L. variegatus have been confirmed with comparisons to residues (PCBs, PAHs, DDT) present from synoptically collected field populations of oligochaetes. Additional method development is currently underway to develop chronic toxicity tests and to provide additional data-confirming responses observed in laboratory sediment tests with natural benthic populations.","language":"English","publisher":"SETAC","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620141110","usgsCitation":"Ingersoll, C., Ankley, G., Benoit, D., Brunson, E., Burton, G., Dwyer, F., Hoke, R., Landrum, P., Norberg-King, T., and Winger, P.V., 1995, Toxicity and bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants using freshwater invertebrates: A review of methods and applications: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 14, no. 11, p. 1885-1894, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620141110.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1885","endPage":"1894","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1995-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db6280fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ingersoll, C.G. 0000-0003-4531-5949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":56338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"C.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ankley, G.T.","contributorId":76710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ankley","given":"G.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benoit, D.A.","contributorId":73310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benoit","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brunson, E.L.","contributorId":29924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brunson","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burton, G.A.","contributorId":63910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dwyer, F.J.","contributorId":107818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hoke, R.A.","contributorId":77265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoke","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Landrum, P.F.","contributorId":98423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landrum","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Norberg-King, T. J.","contributorId":92385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norberg-King","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Winger, P. V.","contributorId":43075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winger","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":5222626,"text":"5222626 - 1995 - Parasitism at the landscape scale: Cowbirds prefer forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T12:01:31.421254","indexId":"5222626","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:42","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parasitism at the landscape scale: Cowbirds prefer forests","docAbstract":"<p><span>Landscape-scale examination of parasitism patterns of Brown-headed Cowbirds (</span><i>Molothrus ater</i><span>) revealed heterogeneous parasitism rates across the mosaic of a forest and associated old-field communities. In a two year study in Dutchess County, New York, we found a significantly higher parasitism rate in the forest-interior community (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 301 nests; 17 species) than on the species in the adjacent and nearby old field and edge (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 328 nests; 15 species; 32.3% versus 6.5%; p &lt; 0.0001). Cowbirds invaded a mature 1300-ha forest stand even when their traditional host species were available in adjacent old-field and edge habitats. The forest and old-field study areas were located in a 38,000-ha township with 55% forest cover and contained numerous agriculture, dairy, and horse farms that provided favorable habitat for cowbirds. Within-forest examination of parasitism patterns revealed four aspects of cowbird parasitism that contrasted with patterns described in other regions: (1) parasitism was concentrated significantly more often on ground- and low-nesting (nests ≤ 1 m) forest species than on medium- and high-nesting species (nests&gt; 1 m; 35.01% versus 29.93%;&nbsp;</span><i>p</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.0393); (2) parasitism was not significantly greater on Neotropical migrant species than on short-distance migrants and residents; (3) the parasitism rate was not higher in nests close to edges; and (4) the parasitism level was low on certain forest species (such as Wood Thrush) that have experienced high parasitism levels in the Midwest. From a management perspective these data suggest that cowbirds exhibit regional differences in host and habitat use; the target host community of a particular cowbird population is unpredictable at the landscape scale; and a landscape scale should be used in designing cowbird studies to accurately assess local population dynamics.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.09061415.x","usgsCitation":"Hahn, D., and Hatfield, J., 1995, Parasitism at the landscape scale: Cowbirds prefer forests: Conservation Biology, v. 9, no. 6, p. 1415-1424, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.09061415.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1415","endPage":"1424","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194233,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Dutchess County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":1838,\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Dutchess\",\"state\":\"NY\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-73.4901,42.0497],[-73.492,41.9957],[-73.4923,41.9865],[-73.501,41.8961],[-73.5038,41.8662],[-73.5098,41.7908],[-73.5134,41.746],[-73.5198,41.6676],[-73.52,41.663],[-73.5218,41.6392],[-73.523,41.6231],[-73.5313,41.5229],[-73.5803,41.5264],[-73.8823,41.4933],[-73.9315,41.4871],[-73.9828,41.4401],[-73.9869,41.4451],[-73.9955,41.4475],[-73.9997,41.4498],[-74.0002,41.4543],[-73.9985,41.4788],[-73.9975,41.526],[-73.9948,41.5374],[-73.9866,41.5472],[-73.9685,41.562],[-73.9578,41.5751],[-73.9526,41.5841],[-73.9525,41.59],[-73.9513,41.6149],[-73.9411,41.6884],[-73.9439,41.6993],[-73.9424,41.7142],[-73.9389,41.7337],[-73.938,41.7469],[-73.9408,41.7592],[-73.9414,41.7592],[-73.946,41.7719],[-73.9488,41.7847],[-73.9504,41.7979],[-73.9463,41.8142],[-73.9477,41.8346],[-73.9461,41.851],[-73.9448,41.8559],[-73.9423,41.8596],[-73.939,41.8654],[-73.9389,41.8704],[-73.9423,41.8827],[-73.9609,41.9088],[-73.9639,41.9138],[-73.9625,41.9179],[-73.9567,41.9301],[-73.954,41.9401],[-73.9551,41.9464],[-73.9556,41.9528],[-73.9504,41.9664],[-73.9436,41.9913],[-73.9331,42.0216],[-73.9347,42.0293],[-73.937,42.0398],[-73.9341,42.0575],[-73.9302,42.0679],[-73.93,42.0765],[-73.9311,42.082],[-73.9164,42.0763],[-73.9144,42.0804],[-73.9089,42.0776],[-73.907,42.0817],[-73.7496,42.021],[-73.7123,42.0069],[-73.6723,42],[-73.5265,41.9797],[-73.5213,42.0105],[-73.5196,42.0495],[-73.4981,42.0496],[-73.4901,42.0497]]]}}]}","volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-01-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6891c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hahn, D.C. 0000-0002-5242-2059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2059","contributorId":46447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahn","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":336706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatfield, Jeff S.","contributorId":41372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Jeff S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223058,"text":"5223058 - 1995 - DNA fingerprint similarity between female and juvenile brown-headed cowbirds trapped together","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"5223058","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:42","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":770,"text":"Animal Behaviour","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"DNA fingerprint similarity between female and juvenile brown-headed cowbirds trapped together","docAbstract":"This DNA fingerprinting study investigates whether females of the brood parasite brown-headed cowbird, Molothrus ater, associate with their own juvenile offspring at feeding sites more often than would be expected by chance.  Cowbirds lay their eggs in the nests of a variety of host species and, as far as is known, leave them to the care of foster parents.  Using baited walk-in funnel traps, 36 adult female-juvenile pairs (or trios) of cowbirds were trapped.  Blood samples were collected from these individuals to conduct DNA fingerprinting analyses, calculate similarity indices, and to compare S-values for the 11 comparisons of juveniles and the females with which they were caught with S-values of random pairings of juveniles and the females in adjacent gel lanes with which they were not caught.  Overall band-sharing was significantly higher for the individuals trapped together than for the random pairings.  These associations between juvenile cowbirds and their mothers could occur as a result of female cowbirds monitoring the development of their young in the nests where they have laid.  Alternatively, nestling cowbirds in the nest could become familiar visually and locally with a female parent that is frequently in their territory and could follow her when she departs for feeding grounds.  In either case these data suggest that adult cowbirds associate with juveniles, in some cases their own offspring, and that offspring may learn to function as cowbirds in part from this association. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Behaviour","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0003-3472(95)90079-9","collaboration":"4751_Hahn.pdf","usgsCitation":"Hahn, D., and Fleischer, R., 1995, DNA fingerprint similarity between female and juvenile brown-headed cowbirds trapped together: Animal Behaviour, v. 49, no. 6, p. 1577-1580, https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-3472(95)90079-9.","productDescription":"1577-1580","startPage":"1577","endPage":"1580","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":15920,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-3472(95)90079-9","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e9d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hahn, D.C. 0000-0002-5242-2059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2059","contributorId":46447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahn","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":337761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleischer, R.C.","contributorId":82259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5222681,"text":"5222681 - 1995 - Heavy metals in seaducks and mussels from Misty Fjords National Monument in southeast Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T14:00:36","indexId":"5222681","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:42","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heavy metals in seaducks and mussels from Misty Fjords National Monument in southeast Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Quartz Hill, in Misty Fjords National Monument near Ketchikan, Alaska, is the site of a proposed molybdenum-producing mine. To provide baseline data for use in post-development comparisons, we analyzed tissues of Barrow's goldeneyes (Bucephala islandica), common mergansers (Mergus merganser), and blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) for seven heavy metals that could potentially be released into the environment as a result of mining operations. Specimens were collected in 1980, 1981, and 1982 from two fjords likely to be used for discharge of tailings from the proposed mine and from two control fjords. Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, chromium, molybdenum, lead, and zinc were measured in soft tissues of mussels and in kidney, liver, and muscle of birds. The highest mean concentrations of metals found in bird tissues were 55.7 ppm dry weight cadmium in kidneys and 154 ppm dry weight zinc in livers of Barrow's goldeneyes. Concentrations of several metals in blue mussels differed among seasons and locations, but the most significant finding in mussels was a maximum mean cadmium concentration of 9.6 ppm dry weight, a level higher than normally found in undisturbed areas. With the exception of 104 ppm dry weight cadmium in the kidney of one common merganser and 12.7 ppm dry weight lead in the kidney of another, concentrations of other metals in seaduck and mussel tissues were low, consistent with what would be expected for a pre-development environment. Molybdenum was found in low concentrations ( 10 ppm dry weight) in all avian kidney samples and most liver samples, but was not detected in blue mussels.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00546787","usgsCitation":"Franson, J.C., Koehl, P., Derksen, D., Rothe, T., Bunck, C., and Moore, J.F., 1995, Heavy metals in seaducks and mussels from Misty Fjords National Monument in southeast Alaska: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 36, no. 2, p. 149-167, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00546787.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"167","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -131.83868408203125,\n              56.173081072076165\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.7645263671875,\n              55.773483422605516\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.9403076171875,\n              55.46017083861817\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.67938232421875,\n              55.27442182695317\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.53106689453125,\n              55.19768334019969\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.220703125,\n              55.101944719793146\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.011962890625,\n              54.983918190363234\n            ],\n            [\n              -130.5889892578125,\n              54.97288463122323\n            ],\n            [\n              -130.83068847656247,\n              56.22197738278634\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.59423828124997,\n              56.21281407174654\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.83868408203125,\n              56.173081072076165\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ae4b07f02db63c6bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koehl, P.S.","contributorId":62568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koehl","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Derksen, D.V.","contributorId":23483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"D.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rothe, T.C.","contributorId":10016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rothe","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bunck, C.M.","contributorId":72337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moore, John F.","contributorId":30185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
]}