Multiple host introductions to the same non-native environment have the potential to complete life cycles of parasites incidentally transported with them. Our goal was to identify a recently detected parasitic flatworm in the invasive Brown Treesnake (Boiga irregularis) on the remote Pacific island of Guam. We considered possible factors influencing parasite transmission, and tested for correlations between infection status and potential indicators of host fitness. We used genetic data from the parasite and information about the native ranges of other possible non-native hosts to hypothesize how it arrived on Guam and how its life cycle may be currently supported.
\nWe identified the parasite by comparing larval morphology and mtDNA sequences with other Pseudophyllid tapeworms. We assessed probability of infection in individual snakes using logistic regression and examined different factors influencing presence of parasites in hosts.
\nWe identified the parasite as the pseudophyllid cestode Spirometra erinaceieuropaei, with all sampled worms from multiple snakes sharing a single mtDNA haplotype. Infection appears to be limited to the only freshwater watershed on the island, where infection prevalence was high (77.5%). Larger snakes had a higher probability of being infected, consistent with the chronic nature of such infections. While infection status was positively correlated with body condition, infected snakes tended to have lower intra-peritoneal fat body mass, potentially indicating a negative effect on energy stores.
\nWe discovered that B. irregularis inhabiting a small area of forested habitat in a freshwater watershed on Guam are often infected by a novel parasite of Asian origin. While further work is needed, this species of Spirometra, itself a non-native species, likely depends on a suite of recently introduced hosts from different parts of the world to complete the life cycle. This baseline study provides little evidence of any effects on host fitness, but additional data are needed to more thoroughly explore the consequences of infection in this invasive snake population.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0143718","usgsCitation":"Holldorf, E., Siers, S.R., Richmond, J.Q., Klug, P.E., and Reed, R., 2015, Invaded invaders: Infection of invasive Brown Treesnakes on Guam by an exotic larval cestode with a life cycle comprised of non-native hosts: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 12, e0143718: 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143718.","productDescription":"e0143718: 16 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063527","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143718","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314453,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Guam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 144.60411071777344,\n 13.233261466546951\n ],\n [\n 144.60411071777344,\n 13.655328309840225\n ],\n [\n 144.97283935546872,\n 13.655328309840225\n ],\n [\n 144.97283935546872,\n 13.233261466546951\n ],\n [\n 144.60411071777344,\n 13.233261466546951\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569f5e32e4b0961cf27fd169","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holldorf, Elden T","contributorId":152311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holldorf","given":"Elden T","affiliations":[{"id":12728,"text":"Cherokee Services Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siers, Shane R.","contributorId":152305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siers","given":"Shane","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richmond, Jonathan Q. 0000-0001-9398-4894 jrichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-4894","contributorId":5400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Jonathan","email":"jrichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klug, Page E. pklug@usgs.gov","contributorId":5545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klug","given":"Page","email":"pklug@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reed, Robert 0000-0001-8349-6168 reedr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6168","contributorId":152301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70161998,"text":"70161998 - 2015 - Efficient wetland surface water detection and monitoring via Landsat: Comparison with in situ data from the Everglades Depth Estimation Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-12T10:54:01","indexId":"70161998","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-11T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficient wetland surface water detection and monitoring via Landsat: Comparison with in situ data from the Everglades Depth Estimation Network","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey is developing new Landsat science products. One, named Dynamic Surface Water Extent (DSWE), is focused on the representation of ground surface inundation as detected in cloud-/shadow-/snow-free pixels for scenes collected over the U.S. and its territories. Characterization of DSWE uncertainty to facilitate its appropriate use in science and resource management is a primary objective. A unique evaluation dataset developed from data made publicly available through the Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) was used to evaluate one candidate DSWE algorithm that is relatively simple, requires no scene-based calibration data, and is intended to detect inundation in the presence of marshland vegetation. A conceptual model of expected algorithm performance in vegetated wetland environments was postulated, tested and revised. Agreement scores were calculated at the level of scenes and vegetation communities, vegetation index classes, water depths, and individual EDEN gage sites for a variety of temporal aggregations. Landsat Archive cloud cover attribution errors were documented. Cloud cover had some effect on model performance. Error rates increased with vegetation cover. Relatively low error rates for locations of little/no vegetation were unexpectedly dominated by omission errors due to variable substrates and mixed pixel effects. Examined discrepancies between satellite and in situ modeled inundation demonstrated the utility of such comparisons for EDEN database improvement. Importantly, there seems no trend or bias in candidate algorithm performance as a function of time or general hydrologic conditions, an important finding for long-term monitoring. The developed database and knowledge gained from this analysis will be used for improved evaluation of candidate DSWE algorithms as well as other measurements made on Everglades surface inundation, surface water heights and vegetation using radar, lidar and hyperspectral instruments. Although no other sites have such an extensive in situ network or long-term records, the broader applicability of this and other candidate DSWE algorithms is being evaluated in other wetlands using this work as a guide. Continued interaction among DSWE producers and potential users will help determine whether the measured accuracies are adequate for practical utility in resource management.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs70912503","usgsCitation":"Jones, J., 2015, Efficient wetland surface water detection and monitoring via Landsat: Comparison with in situ data from the Everglades Depth Estimation Network: Remote Sensing, v. 9, no. 7, p. 12503-12538, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70912503.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"12503","endPage":"12538","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066317","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471512,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70912503","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314188,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.331787109375,\n 24.831610355586918\n ],\n [\n -80.31280517578125,\n 24.831610355586918\n ],\n [\n -80.31280517578125,\n 26.561506704037942\n ],\n [\n -81.331787109375,\n 26.561506704037942\n ],\n [\n -81.331787109375,\n 24.831610355586918\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5694d22de4b039675d005dc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, John W. 0000-0001-6117-3691 jwjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-3691","contributorId":2220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"John","email":"jwjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70173752,"text":"70173752 - 2015 - Population and genetic outcomes 20 years after reintroducing bobcats (Lynx rufus) to Cumberland Island, Georgia USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T14:04:16","indexId":"70173752","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population and genetic outcomes 20 years after reintroducing bobcats (Lynx rufus) to Cumberland Island, Georgia USA","docAbstract":"In 1988–1989, 32 bobcats Lynx rufus were reintroduced to Cumberland Island (CUIS), Georgia, USA, from which they had previously been extirpated. They were monitored intensively for 3 years immediately post-reintroduction, but no estimation of the size or genetic diversity of the population had been conducted in over 20 years since reintroduction. We returned to CUIS in 2012 to estimate abundance and effective population size of the present-day population, as well as to quantify genetic diversity and inbreeding. We amplified 12 nuclear microsatellite loci from DNA isolated from scats to establish genetic profiles to identify individuals. We used spatially explicit capture–recapture population estimation to estimate abundance. From nine unique genetic profiles, we estimate a population size of 14.4 (SE = 3.052) bobcats, with an effective population size (Ne) of 5–8 breeding individuals. This is consistent with predictions of a population viability analysis conducted at the time of reintroduction, which estimated the population would average 12–13 bobcats after 10 years. We identified several pairs of related bobcats (parent-offspring and full siblings), but ~75% of the pairwise comparisons were typical of unrelated individuals, and only one individual appeared inbred. Despite the small population size and other indications that it has likely experienced a genetic bottleneck, levels of genetic diversity in the CUIS bobcat population remain high compared to other mammalian carnivores. The reintroduction of bobcats to CUIS provides an opportunity to study changes in genetic diversity in an insular population without risk to this common species. Opportunities for natural immigration to the island are limited; therefore, continued monitoring and supplemental bobcat reintroductions could be used to evaluate the effect of different management strategies to maintain genetic diversity and population viability. The successful reintroduction and maintenance of a bobcat population on CUIS illustrates the suitability of translocation as a management tool for re-establishing felid populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.1750","usgsCitation":"Diefenbach, D.R., Hansen, L.A., Bohling, J.H., and Miller-Butterworth, C., 2015, Population and genetic outcomes 20 years after reintroducing bobcats (Lynx rufus) to Cumberland Island, Georgia USA: Ecology and Evolution, v. 5, no. 21, p. 4885-4895, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1750.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"4885","endPage":"4895","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064333","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1750","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323382,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Cumberland Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.4031982421875,\n 30.980552589134298\n ],\n [\n -81.39907836914062,\n 30.904581367044212\n ],\n [\n -81.4251708984375,\n 30.828549798137225\n ],\n [\n -81.4471435546875,\n 30.796704732329218\n ],\n [\n -81.45606994628906,\n 30.760128865274268\n ],\n [\n -81.44233703613281,\n 30.711732980916167\n ],\n [\n -81.45538330078125,\n 30.70937158441273\n ],\n [\n -81.48971557617188,\n 30.731802516787106\n ],\n [\n -81.48216247558594,\n 30.74773711283919\n ],\n [\n -81.47392272949219,\n 30.77369895462042\n ],\n [\n -81.47254943847656,\n 30.814397738820233\n ],\n [\n -81.47254943847656,\n 30.832087487077953\n ],\n [\n -81.4691162109375,\n 30.853310882590385\n ],\n [\n -81.47323608398438,\n 30.881012137733634\n ],\n [\n -81.45675659179688,\n 30.92519968313374\n ],\n [\n -81.43753051757812,\n 30.935212690426727\n ],\n [\n -81.42929077148438,\n 30.964656633451174\n ],\n [\n -81.42379760742188,\n 30.979375201714394\n ],\n [\n -81.4031982421875,\n 30.980552589134298\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"21","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9334e4b04f417c27516e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147 drd11@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":5235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane","email":"drd11@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansen, Leslie A.","contributorId":171655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Leslie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13447,"text":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohling, Justin H.","contributorId":171656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bohling","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6975,"text":"Penn State","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller-Butterworth, Cassandra","contributorId":171657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller-Butterworth","given":"Cassandra","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6975,"text":"Penn State","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173669,"text":"70173669 - 2015 - A guide to Bayesian model selection for ecologists","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T09:53:32","indexId":"70173669","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A guide to Bayesian model selection for ecologists","docAbstract":"The steady upward trend in the use of model selection and Bayesian methods in ecological research has made it clear that both approaches to inference are important for modern analysis of models and data. However, in teaching Bayesian methods and in working with our research colleagues, we have noticed a general dissatisfaction with the available literature on Bayesian model selection and multimodel inference. Students and researchers new to Bayesian methods quickly find that the published advice on model selection is often preferential in its treatment of options for analysis, frequently advocating one particular method above others. The recent appearance of many articles and textbooks on Bayesian modeling has provided welcome background on relevant approaches to model selection in the Bayesian framework, but most of these are either very narrowly focused in scope or inaccessible to ecologists. Moreover, the methodological details of Bayesian model selection approaches are spread thinly throughout the literature, appearing in journals from many different fields. Our aim with this guide is to condense the large body of literature on Bayesian approaches to model selection and multimodel inference and present it specifically for quantitative ecologists as neutrally as possible. We also bring to light a few important and fundamental concepts relating directly to model selection that seem to have gone unnoticed in the ecological literature. Throughout, we provide only a minimal discussion of philosophy, preferring instead to examine the breadth of approaches as well as their practical advantages and disadvantages. This guide serves as a reference for ecologists using Bayesian methods, so that they can better understand their options and can make an informed choice that is best aligned with their goals for inference.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/14-0661.1","usgsCitation":"Hooten, M., and Hobbs, N., 2015, A guide to Bayesian model selection for ecologists: Ecological Monographs, v. 85, no. 1, p. 3-28, https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0661.1.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052758","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323247,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575941b1e4b04f417c25676b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":637477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hobbs, N.T.","contributorId":9498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hobbs","given":"N.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178042,"text":"70178042 - 2015 - Estimating spawning times of Alligator Gar (Atractosteus spatula) in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-01T12:58:44","indexId":"70178042","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3894,"text":"Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating spawning times of Alligator Gar (Atractosteus spatula) in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"In 2013, juvenile Alligator Gar were sampled in the reservoir-river interface of the Red River arm of Lake Texoma. The Red River, which flows 860 km along Oklahoma’s border with Texas, is the primary in-flow source of Lake Texoma, and is impounded by Denison Dam. Minifyke nets were deployed using an adaptive random cluster sampling design, which has been used to effectively sample rare species. Lapilli otoliths (one of the three pair of ear stones found within the inner ear of fish) were removed from juvenile Alligator Gar collected in July of 2013. Daily ages were estimated by counting the number of rings present, and spawn dates were back-calculated from date of capture and subtracting 8 days (3 days from spawn to hatch and 5 days from hatch to swimup when the first ring forms). Alligator Gar daily age estimation ranged from 50 to 63 days old since swim-up. Spawn dates corresponded to rising pool elevations of Lake Texoma and water pulses of tributaries.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oklahoma Academy of Science","usgsCitation":"Snow, R.A., and Long, J.M., 2015, Estimating spawning times of Alligator Gar (Atractosteus spatula) in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma: Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science, v. 95, p. 46-53.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"53","ipdsId":"IP-068503","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330608,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":330609,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ojs.library.okstate.edu/osu/index.php/OAS/article/view/6868"}],"volume":"95","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5819a9c4e4b0bb36a4c91031","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snow, Richard A.","contributorId":176213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snow","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":27443,"text":"Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":652626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70173662,"text":"70173662 - 2015 - Forecasting the effects of fertility control on overabundant ungulates: White-tailed deer in the National Capital Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T10:17:11","indexId":"70173662","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasting the effects of fertility control on overabundant ungulates: White-tailed deer in the National Capital Region","docAbstract":"Overabundant populations of ungulates have caused environmental degradation and loss of biological diversity in ecosystems throughout the world. Culling or regulated harvest is often used to control overabundant species. These methods are difficult to implement in national parks, other types of conservation reserves, or in residential areas where public hunting may be forbidden by policy. As a result, fertility control has been recommended as a non-lethal alternative for regulating ungulate populations. We evaluate this alternative using white-tailed deer in national parks in the vicinity of Washington, D.C., USA as a model system. Managers seek to reduce densities of white-tailed deer from the current average (50 deer per km2) to decrease harm to native plant communities caused by deer. We present a Bayesian hierarchical model using 13 years of population estimates from 8 national parks in the National Capital Region Network. We offer a novel way to evaluate management actions relative to goals using short term forecasts. Our approach confirms past analyses that fertility control is incapable of rapidly reducing deer abundance. Fertility control can be combined with culling to maintain a population below carrying capacity with a high probability of success. This gives managers confronted with problematic overabundance a framework for implementing management actions with a realistic assessment of uncertainty.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0143122","usgsCitation":"Raiho, A.M., Hooten, M., Bates, S., and Hobbs, N., 2015, Forecasting the effects of fertility control on overabundant ungulates: White-tailed deer in the National Capital Region: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 12, e0143122; 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143122.","productDescription":"e0143122; 24 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063345","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143122","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323253,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.07958984375,\n 37.97884504049713\n ],\n [\n -79.07958984375,\n 39.7240885773337\n ],\n [\n -75.684814453125,\n 39.7240885773337\n ],\n [\n -75.684814453125,\n 37.97884504049713\n ],\n [\n -79.07958984375,\n 37.97884504049713\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575941e8e4b04f417c256854","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raiho, Ann M.","contributorId":171526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raiho","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bates, Scott","contributorId":171527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bates","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hobbs, N. Thompson","contributorId":35031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hobbs","given":"N. Thompson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176497,"text":"70176497 - 2015 - A 2-D process-based model for suspended sediment dynamics: A first step towards ecological modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-19T14:35:11","indexId":"70176497","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 2-D process-based model for suspended sediment dynamics: A first step towards ecological modeling","docAbstract":"In estuaries suspended sediment concentration (SSC) is one of the most important contributors to turbidity, which influences habitat conditions and ecological functions of the system. Sediment dynamics differs depending on sediment supply and hydrodynamic forcing conditions that vary over space and over time. A robust sediment transport model is a first step in developing a chain of models enabling simulations of contaminants, phytoplankton and habitat conditions.
This works aims to determine turbidity levels in the complex-geometry delta of the San Francisco estuary using a process-based approach (Delft3D Flexible Mesh software). Our approach includes a detailed calibration against measured SSC levels, a sensitivity analysis on model parameters and the determination of a yearly sediment budget as well as an assessment of model results in terms of turbidity levels for a single year, water year (WY) 2011.
Model results show that our process-based approach is a valuable tool in assessing sediment dynamics and their related ecological parameters over a range of spatial and temporal scales. The model may act as the base model for a chain of ecological models assessing the impact of climate change and management scenarios. Here we present a modeling approach that, with limited data, produces reliable predictions and can be useful for estuaries without a large amount of processes data.
Using the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity, we have compiled one of the first field geologic maps on Mars while traversing the Noachian terrain along the rim of the 22 km diameter Endeavour Crater (Latitude −2°16′33″, Longitude −5°10′51″). In situ mapping of the petrographic, elemental, structural, and stratigraphic characteristics of outcrops and rocks distinguishes four mappable bedrock lithologic units. Three of these rock units predate the surrounding Burns formation sulfate-rich sandstones and one, the Matijevic Formation, represents conditions on early Mars predating the formation of Endeavour Crater. The stratigraphy assembled from these observations includes several geologic unconformities. The differences in lithologic units across these unconformities record changes in the character and intensity of the Martian aqueous environment over geologic time. Water circulated through fractures in the oldest rocks over periods long enough that texturally and elementally significant alteration occurred in fracture walls. These oldest pre-Endeavour rocks and their network of mineralized and altered fractures were preserved by burial beneath impact ejecta and were subsequently exhumed and exposed. The alteration along joints in the oldest rocks and the mineralized veins and concentrations of trace metals in overlying lithologic units is direct evidence that copious volumes of mineralized and/or hydrothermal fluids circulated through the early Martian crust. The wide range in intensity of structural and chemical modification from outcrop to outcrop along the crater rim shows that the ejecta of large (>8 km in diameter) impact craters is complex. These results imply that geologic complexity is to be anticipated in other areas of Mars where cratering has been a fundamental process in the local and regional geology and mineralogy.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014JE004699","usgsCitation":"Crumpler, L., Arvidson, R., Bell, J., Clark, B.C., Cohen, B.A., Farrand, W.H., Gellert, R., Golombek, M., Grant, J.A., Guinness, E., Herkenhoff, K.E., Johnson, J.R., Jolliff, B., Ming, D.W., Mittlefehldt, D.W., Parker, T., Rice, J.W., Squyres, S.W., Sullivan, R., and Yen, A.S., 2015, Context of ancient aqueous environments on Mars from in situ geologic mapping at Endeavour Crater: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 120, no. 3, p. 538-569, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JE004699.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"538","endPage":"569","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056594","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471518,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014je004699","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318754,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56e15744e4b00e6e761627a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crumpler, L.S.","contributorId":81575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crumpler","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arvidson, R. E.","contributorId":46666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bell, J.","contributorId":95270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, B. C.","contributorId":39918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"B.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cohen, B. A.","contributorId":34239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Farrand, W. H.","contributorId":64372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrand","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gellert, Ralf","contributorId":35049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gellert","given":"Ralf","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12660,"text":"University of Guelph","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Golombek, M.","contributorId":72506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golombek","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Grant, J. A.","contributorId":28334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Guinness, E.","contributorId":18939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guinness","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Herkenhoff, Kenneth E. 0000-0002-3153-6663 kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-6663","contributorId":2275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkenhoff","given":"Kenneth","email":"kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Johnson, J. R.","contributorId":69278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Jolliff, B.","contributorId":105077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jolliff","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ming, D. W.","contributorId":96811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ming","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mittlefehldt, D. W.","contributorId":54711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mittlefehldt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Parker, T.","contributorId":90901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Rice, J. W. Jr.","contributorId":53040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Squyres, S. W.","contributorId":31836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Sullivan, R.","contributorId":63134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Yen, A. S.","contributorId":35860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yen","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}} ,{"id":70173592,"text":"70173592 - 2015 - Evaluation of methods for assessing physiological biomarkers of stress in freshwater mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-13T14:44:27","indexId":"70173592","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of methods for assessing physiological biomarkers of stress in freshwater mussels","docAbstract":"Freshwater mussel populations are highly susceptible to environmental alterations because of their diminished numbers and primarily sessile behaviors; nonlethal biomonitoring programs are needed to evaluate the health of populations prior to mass mortality events. Our objectives were to determine (i) which biochemical parameters in freshwater mussel hemolymph could be consistently quantified, (ii) how hemolymph parameters and tissue glycogen respond to a thermal stress gradient (25, 30, and 35 °C), and (iii) the effects of tissue and hemolymph extraction on long-term growth and survival of smaller- and larger-bodied mussel species. Glucose exhibited elevated expression in both species with increasing water temperature. Two transaminase enzymes had elevated expression in the 30 °C treatment. The effects of hemolymph extraction and tissue biopsies were evaluated with a large-bodied species, Elliptio crassidens, and a smaller species, Villosa vibex. Individuals were monitored for 820 to 945 days after one of four treatments: hemolymph extraction, tissue biopsy, tissue and hemolymph extraction, and control. Hemolymph extraction and tissue biopsy adversely affected survival of V. vibex, suggesting that these extraction methods may add some risk of reduced survival to smaller-bodied species. Survival of E. crassidens was not impaired by any of the treatments, supporting the use of these techniques in nonlethal biomonitoring programs for larger-bodied mussel species.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2014-0564","usgsCitation":"Fritts, A., Peterson, J., Hazelton, P.D., and Bringolf, R.B., 2015, Evaluation of methods for assessing physiological biomarkers of stress in freshwater mussels: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 72, no. 10, p. 1450-1459, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0564.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1450","endPage":"1459","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059689","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323497,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575fd92de4b04f417c2baa16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fritts, Andrea K.","contributorId":139240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fritts","given":"Andrea K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hazelton, Peter D.","contributorId":171765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hazelton","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bringolf, Robert B.","contributorId":139241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bringolf","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173741,"text":"70173741 - 2015 - Evaluating multi-level models to test occupancy state responses of Plethodontid salamanders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T14:14:24","indexId":"70173741","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating multi-level models to test occupancy state responses of Plethodontid salamanders","docAbstract":"Plethodontid salamanders are diverse and widely distributed taxa and play critical roles in ecosystem processes. Due to salamander use of structurally complex habitats, and because only a portion of a population is available for sampling, evaluation of sampling designs and estimators is critical to provide strong inference about Plethodontid ecology and responses to conservation and management activities. We conducted a simulation study to evaluate the effectiveness of multi-scale and hierarchical single-scale occupancy models in the context of a Before-After Control-Impact (BACI) experimental design with multiple levels of sampling. Also, we fit the hierarchical single-scale model to empirical data collected for Oregon slender and Ensatina salamanders across two years on 66 forest stands in the Cascade Range, Oregon, USA. All models were fit within a Bayesian framework. Estimator precision in both models improved with increasing numbers of primary and secondary sampling units, underscoring the potential gains accrued when adding secondary sampling units. Both models showed evidence of estimator bias at low detection probabilities and low sample sizes; this problem was particularly acute for the multi-scale model. Our results suggested that sufficient sample sizes at both the primary and secondary sampling levels could ameliorate this issue. Empirical data indicated Oregon slender salamander occupancy was associated strongly with the amount of coarse woody debris (posterior mean = 0.74; SD = 0.24); Ensatina occupancy was not associated with amount of coarse woody debris (posterior mean = -0.01; SD = 0.29). Our simulation results indicate that either model is suitable for use in an experimental study of Plethodontid salamanders provided that sample sizes are sufficiently large. However, hierarchical single-scale and multi-scale models describe different processes and estimate different parameters. As a result, we recommend careful consideration of study questions and objectives prior to sampling data and fitting models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0142903","usgsCitation":"Kroll, A.J., Garcia, T.S., Jones, J., Dugger, K., Murden, B., Johnson, J., Peerman, S., Brintz, B., and Rochelle, M., 2015, Evaluating multi-level models to test occupancy state responses of Plethodontid salamanders: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 11, e0142903; 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142903.","productDescription":"e0142903; 19 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066731","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142903","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323290,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575941e1e4b04f417c256833","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kroll, Andrew J.","contributorId":171590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kroll","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, Tiffany S.","contributorId":171591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Tiffany","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Jay E.","contributorId":171592,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Jay E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X cdugger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":4399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"cdugger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murden, Blake","contributorId":171593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murden","given":"Blake","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Josh","contributorId":171594,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Josh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Peerman, Summer","contributorId":171595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peerman","given":"Summer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brintz, Ben","contributorId":171596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brintz","given":"Ben","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rochelle, Michael","contributorId":171597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rochelle","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70148411,"text":"70148411 - 2015 - Brumation of introduced Black and White Tegus, Tupinambis merianae (Squamata: Teiidae), in southern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-08T17:17:01","indexId":"70148411","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brumation of introduced Black and White Tegus, Tupinambis merianae (Squamata: Teiidae), in southern Florida","docAbstract":"An established population of Tupinambis merianae (Black and White Tegu) in southeastern Florida threatens the Everglades ecosystem. Understanding the behavioral ecology of Black and White Tegus could aid in management and control plans. Black and White Tegus are seasonally active and brumate during the winter in their native range, but brumation behavior is largely unstudied in either the native or the invasive range. We describe the first observations of Black and White Tegu brumation in southeastern Florida after monitoring 5 free-ranging, adult male Black and White Tegus through an inactive season using radiotelemetry and automated cameras. Duration of brumation averaged 137 days, beginning in September and ending by February. One of the 5 Black and White Tegus emerged to bask regularly during brumation, which to our knowledge represents the first documented instance of a free-ranging Black and White Tegu basking during brumation. These preliminary findings provide a basis for future research of brumation behavior.
","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/058.014.0207","usgsCitation":"McEachern, M., Yackel Adams, A., Klug, P.E., Fitzgerald, L.A., and Reed, R., 2015, Brumation of introduced Black and White Tegus, Tupinambis merianae (Squamata: Teiidae), in southern Florida: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 14, no. 2, p. 319-328, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.014.0207.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"328","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059480","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300960,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.540771484375,\n 25.253390580642623\n ],\n [\n -80.42678833007812,\n 25.253390580642623\n ],\n [\n -80.42678833007812,\n 25.346508237892778\n ],\n [\n -80.540771484375,\n 25.346508237892778\n ],\n [\n -80.540771484375,\n 25.253390580642623\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"556ed3b7e4b0d9246a9fa7c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McEachern, Michelle mmceachern@usgs.gov","contributorId":141034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEachern","given":"Michelle","email":"mmceachern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yackel Adams, Amy A. yackela@usgs.gov","contributorId":141033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel Adams","given":"Amy A.","email":"yackela@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klug, Page E. pklug@usgs.gov","contributorId":5545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klug","given":"Page","email":"pklug@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fitzgerald, Lee A.","contributorId":141035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reed, Robert N. reedr@usgs.gov","contributorId":141036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert N.","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70177916,"text":"70177916 - 2015 - Accelerating advances in continental domain hydrologic modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T13:53:00","indexId":"70177916","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-31T18:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accelerating advances in continental domain hydrologic modeling","docAbstract":"In the past, hydrologic modeling of surface water resources has mainly focused on simulating the hydrologic cycle at local to regional catchment modeling domains. There now exists a level of maturity among the catchment, global water security, and land surface modeling communities such that these communities are converging toward continental domain hydrologic models. This commentary, written from a catchment hydrology community perspective, provides a review of progress in each community toward this achievement, identifies common challenges the communities face, and details immediate and specific areas in which these communities can mutually benefit one another from the convergence of their research perspectives. Those include: (1) creating new incentives and infrastructure to report and share model inputs, outputs, and parameters in data services and open access, machine-independent formats for model replication or reanalysis; (2) ensuring that hydrologic models have: sufficient complexity to represent the dominant physical processes and adequate representation of anthropogenic impacts on the terrestrial water cycle, a process-based approach to model parameter estimation, and appropriate parameterizations to represent large-scale fluxes and scaling behavior; (3) maintaining a balance between model complexity and data availability as well as uncertainties; and (4) quantifying and communicating significant advancements toward these modeling goals.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015WR017498","usgsCitation":"Archfield, S.A., Clark, M., Arheimer, B., Hay, L.E., McMillan, H., Kiang, J.E., Seibert, J., Hakala, K., Bock, A.R., Wagener, T., Farmer, W.H., Andreassian, V., Attinger, S., Viglione, A., Knight, R., Markstrom, S.L., and Over, T.M., 2015, Accelerating advances in continental domain hydrologic modeling: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 12, p. 10078-10091, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017498.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"10078","endPage":"10091","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069653","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471535,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017498","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330412,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5811c0f4e4b0f497e79a5a8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archfield, Stacey A. 0000-0002-9011-3871 sarch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-3871","contributorId":1874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archfield","given":"Stacey","email":"sarch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - 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In a previous study, a synthetic sex pheromone component 7α,12α, 24-trihydroxy-5α-cholan-3-one 24-sulfate (3kPZS) was applied to sea lamprey traps in eight streams at a final in-stream concentration of 10−12 M. Application of 3kPZS increased sea lamprey catch, but where and when 3kPZS had the greatest impact was not determined. Here, by applying 3kPZS to additional streams, we determined that overall increases in yearly exploitation rate (proportion of sea lampreys that were marked, released, and subsequently recaptured) were highest (20–40 %) in wide streams (~40 m) with low adult sea lamprey abundance (<1000). Wide streams with low adult abundance may be representative of low-attraction systems for adult sea lamprey and, in the absence of other attractants (larval odor, sex pheromone), sea lamprey may have been more responsive to a partial sex pheromone blend emitted from traps. Furthermore, we found that the largest and most consistent responses to 3kPZS were during nights early in the trapping season, when water temperatures were increasing. This may have occurred because, during periods of increasing water temperatures, sea lamprey become more active and males at large may not have begun to release sex pheromone. In general, our results are consistent with those for pheromones of invertebrates, which are most effective when pest density is low and when pheromone competition is low.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10886-015-0626-2","usgsCitation":"Johnson, N., Siefkes, M.J., Wagner, C.M., Bravener, G., Steeves, T., Twohey, M., and Li, W., 2015, Factors influencing capture of invasive sea lamprey in traps baited with a synthesized sex pheromone component: Journal of Chemical Ecology, v. 41, no. 10, p. 913-923, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-015-0626-2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"913","endPage":"923","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066934","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313140,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568651b6e4b0e7594ee74c9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":150983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas S.","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siefkes, Michael J.","contributorId":36905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siefkes","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wagner, C. Michael","contributorId":145442,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bravener, Gale","contributorId":150995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bravener","given":"Gale","affiliations":[{"id":13677,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Steeves, Todd","contributorId":59337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeves","given":"Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Twohey, Michael","contributorId":80170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twohey","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Li, Weiming","contributorId":126748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Weiming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70160806,"text":"70160806 - 2015 - Using time-varying asymptotic length and body condition of top piscivores to indicate ecosystem regime shift in the main basin of Lake Huron: a Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-24T11:03:33","indexId":"70160806","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-31T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using time-varying asymptotic length and body condition of top piscivores to indicate ecosystem regime shift in the main basin of Lake Huron: a Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach","docAbstract":"We evaluated the ecosystem regime shift in the main basin of Lake Huron that was indicated by the 2003 collapse of alewives, and dramatic declines in Chinook salmon abundance thereafter. We found that the period of 1995-2002 should be considered as the early phase of the final regime shift. We developed two Bayesian hierarchical models to describe time-varying growth based on the von Bertalanffy growth function and the length-mass relationship. We used asymptotic length as an index of growth potential, and predicted body mass at a given length as an index of body condition. Modeling fits to length and body mass at age of lake trout, Chinook salmon, and walleye were excellent. Based on posterior distributions, we evaluated the shifts in among-year geometric means of the growth potential and body condition. For a given top piscivore, one of the two indices responded to the regime shift much earlier than the 2003 collapse of alewives, the other corresponded to the 2003 changes, and which index provided the early signal differed among the three top piscivores.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2015-0235","usgsCitation":"He, J.X., Bence, J., Roseman, E., Fielder, D.G., and Ebener, M.P., 2015, Using time-varying asymptotic length and body condition of top piscivores to indicate ecosystem regime shift in the main basin of Lake Huron: a Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 73, no. 7, p. 1092-1103, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0235.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1092","endPage":"1103","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065491","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0235","text":"External Repository"},{"id":313137,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Huron","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.70458984375,\n 46.057985244793024\n ],\n [\n -84.74853515625,\n 45.71385093029221\n ],\n [\n -83.441162109375,\n 45.29034662473615\n ],\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -83.34228515625,\n 44.86365630540611\n ],\n [\n -83.33129882812499,\n 44.34742225636393\n ],\n [\n -83.5400390625,\n 44.29240108529005\n ],\n [\n -83.91357421875,\n 43.98491011404692\n ],\n [\n -83.94653320312499,\n 43.691707903073805\n ],\n [\n -83.69384765625,\n 43.56447158721811\n ],\n [\n -83.232421875,\n 43.97700467496408\n ],\n [\n -82.85888671875,\n 44.071800467511565\n ],\n [\n -82.694091796875,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -82.4853515625,\n 42.97250158602597\n ],\n [\n -81.683349609375,\n 43.33316939281735\n ],\n [\n -81.727294921875,\n 44.09547572946635\n ],\n [\n -81.265869140625,\n 44.63739123445585\n ],\n [\n -81.815185546875,\n 45.52944081525666\n ],\n [\n -82.81494140625,\n 45.79050946752472\n ],\n [\n -83.638916015625,\n 45.9511496866914\n ],\n [\n -84.70458984375,\n 46.057985244793024\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568651bce4b0e7594ee74ca5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"He, Ji X.","contributorId":53254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"Ji","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bence, James R.","contributorId":95026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bence","given":"James R.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F. eroseman@usgs.gov","contributorId":534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","email":"eroseman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":583975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fielder, David G.","contributorId":127528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fielder","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6983,"text":"Michigan DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ebener, Mark P.","contributorId":25099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebener","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12957,"text":"Chippewa Ottawa Resource Authority","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70160805,"text":"70160805 - 2015 - Functional role of an endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in enhancing growth and disease protection of invasive English ivy (Hedera helix L.)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-22T15:35:49","indexId":"70160805","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-31T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3089,"text":"Plant and Soil","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Functional role of an endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in enhancing growth and disease protection of invasive English ivy (Hedera helix L.)","docAbstract":"We hypothesize that invasive English ivy (Hedera helix) harbors endophytic microbes that promote plant growth and survival. To evaluate this hypothesis, we examined endophytic bacteria in English ivy and evaluated effects on the host plant.
Endophytic bacteria were isolated from multiple populations of English ivy in New Brunswick, NJ. Bacteria were identified as a single species Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. One strain of B. amyloliquefaciens, strain C6c, was characterized for indoleacetic acid (IAA) production, secretion of hydrolytic enzymes, phosphate solubilization, and antibiosis against pathogens. PCR was used to amplify lipopeptide genes and their secretion into culture media was detected by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Capability to promote growth of English ivy was evaluated in greenhouse experiments. The capacity of C6c to protect plants from disease was evaluated by exposing B+ (bacterium inoculated) and B− (non-inoculated) plants to the necrotrophic pathogen Alternaria tenuissima.
B. amyloliquefaciens C6c systemically colonized leaves, petioles, and seeds of English ivy. C6c synthesized IAA and inhibited plant pathogens. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis revealed secretion of antifungal lipopeptides surfactin, iturin, bacillomycin, and fengycin. C6c promoted the growth of English ivy in low and high soil nitrogen conditions. This endophytic bacterium efficiently controlled disease caused by Alternaria tenuissima.
This study suggests that B. amyloliquefaciens plays an important role in enhancing growth and disease protection of English ivy.
The rapid spread of quagga mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) has lead to their invasion of Lake Mead, Nevada, the largest reservoir in North America and partially responsible for providing water to millions of people in the southwest. Current strategies for mitigating the growth and spread of quagga mussels primarily include physical and chemical means of removing adults within water treatment, delivery, and hydropower facilities. In the present study, germicidal ultraviolet light (UV-C) was used to target the larval stage of wild-caught quagga mussel. The lethal effect of UV-C was evaluated at four different doses, 0.0, 13.1, 26.2, and 79.6 mJ/cm2. Tested doses were determined based on results from preliminary trials. The results demonstrate that germicidal UV-C is effective in controlling the free-swimming life history stages of larval quagga mussels.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS One","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0133039","usgsCitation":"Stewart-Malone, A., Misamore, M., Wilmoth, S.K., Reyes, A., Wong, W.H., and Gross, J., 2015, The effect of UV-C exposure on larval survival of the dreissenid quagga mussel: PLoS ONE, v. 10 , no. 7, e0133039; 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133039.","productDescription":" e0133039; 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-055533","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133039","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347312,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","city":"Lake Mead","volume":"10 ","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2a8e4b0220bbd9d9f96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart-Malone, Alecia","contributorId":198233,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart-Malone","given":"Alecia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Misamore, Michael","contributorId":198234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Misamore","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilmoth, Siri K. swilmoth@usgs.gov","contributorId":5501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilmoth","given":"Siri","email":"swilmoth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reyes, Alejandro","contributorId":152369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reyes","given":"Alejandro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18921,"text":"USGS Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wong, Wai Hing","contributorId":198235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wong","given":"Wai","email":"","middleInitial":"Hing","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gross, Jackson","contributorId":198236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gross","given":"Jackson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70189611,"text":"70189611 - 2015 - Earthquake geology of the Bulnay Fault (Mongolia)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T09:56:15","indexId":"70189611","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake geology of the Bulnay Fault (Mongolia)","docAbstract":"The Bulnay earthquake of July 23, 1905 (Mw 8.3-8.5), in north-central Mongolia, is one of the world's largest recorded intracontinental earthquakes and one of four great earthquakes that occurred in the region during the 20th century. The 375-km-long surface rupture of the left-lateral, strike-slip, N095°E trending Bulnay Fault associated with this earthquake is remarkable for its pronounced expression across the landscape and for the size of features produced by previous earthquakes. Our field observations suggest that in many areas the width and geometry of the rupture zone is the result of repeated earthquakes; however, in those areas where it is possible to determine that the geomorphic features are the result of the 1905 surface rupture alone, the size of the features produced by this single earthquake are singular in comparison to most other historical strike-slip surface ruptures worldwide. Along the 80 km stretch, between 97.18°E and 98.33°E, the fault zone is characterized by several meters width and the mean left-lateral 1905 offset is 8.9 ± 0.6 m with two measured cumulative offsets that are twice the 1905 slip. These observations suggest that the displacement produced during the penultimate event was similar to the 1905 slip. Morphotectonic analyses carried out at three sites along the eastern part of the Bulnay fault, allow us to estimate a mean horizontal slip rate of 3.1 ± 1.7 mm/yr over the Late Pleistocene-Holocene period. In parallel, paleoseismological investigations show evidence for two earthquakes prior to the 1905 event with recurrence intervals of ~2700-4000 years.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120140119","usgsCitation":"Rizza, M., Ritz, J., Prentice, C.S., Vassallo, R., Braucher, R., Larroque, C., Arzhannikova, A., Arzhanikov, S., Mahan, S.A., Massault, M., Michelot, J., and Todbileg, M., 2015, Earthquake geology of the Bulnay Fault (Mongolia): Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 105, no. 1, p. 72-93, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120140119.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"93","ipdsId":"IP-060346","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471550,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal.science/hal-01179837","text":"External Repository"},{"id":344024,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mongolia","otherGeospatial":"Bulnay Fault","volume":"105","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fb9e4b0d1f9f065a8b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rizza, Magali","contributorId":194806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rizza","given":"Magali","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ritz, Jean-Franciois","contributorId":194807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ritz","given":"Jean-Franciois","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prentice, Carol S. 0000-0003-3732-3551 cprentice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-3551","contributorId":2676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"Carol","email":"cprentice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vassallo, Ricardo","contributorId":194808,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vassallo","given":"Ricardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Braucher, Regis","contributorId":194809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Braucher","given":"Regis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larroque, Christophe","contributorId":194810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larroque","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Arzhannikova, A.","contributorId":194811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arzhannikova","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Arzhanikov, S.","contributorId":194812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arzhanikov","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Massault, M.","contributorId":194813,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Massault","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Michelot, J-L.","contributorId":194814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michelot","given":"J-L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Todbileg, M.","contributorId":194815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Todbileg","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70197947,"text":"70197947 - 2015 - GEAR1: A Global Earthquake Activity Rate model constructed from geodetic strain rates and smoothed seismicity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-28T16:06:55","indexId":"70197947","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"GEAR1: A Global Earthquake Activity Rate model constructed from geodetic strain rates and smoothed seismicity","docAbstract":"Global earthquake activity rate model 1 (GEAR1) estimates the rate of shallow earthquakes with magnitudes 6–9 everywhere on Earth. It was designed to be reproducible and testable. Our preferred hybrid forecast is a log–linear blend of two parent forecasts based on the Global Centroid Moment Tensor (CMT) catalog (smoothing 4602 m≥5.767 shallow earthquakes, 1977–2004) and the Global Strain Rate Map version 2.1 (smoothing 22,415 Global Positioning System velocities), optimized to best forecast the 2005–2012 Global CMT catalog. Strain rate is a proxy for fault stress accumulation, and earthquakes indicate stress release, so a multiplicative blend is desirable, capturing the strengths of both approaches. This preferred hybrid forecast outperforms its seismicity and strain‐rate parents; the chance that this improvement stems from random seismicity fluctuations is less than 1%. The preferred hybrid is also tested against the independent parts of the International Seismological Centre‐Global Earthquake Model catalog (m≥6.8 during 1918–1976) with similar success. GEAR1 is an update of this preferred hybrid. Comparing GEAR1 to the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast Version 3 (UCERF3), net earthquake rates agree within 4% at m≥5.8 and at m≥7.0. The spatial distribution of UCERF3 epicentroids most resembles GEAR1 after UCERF3 is smoothed with a 30 km kernel. Because UCERF3 has been constructed to derive useful information from fault geometry, slip rates, paleoseismic data, and enhanced seismic catalogs (not used in our model), this is encouraging. To build parametric catastrophe bonds from GEAR1, one could calculate the magnitude for which there is a 1% (or any) annual probability of occurrence in local regions.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120150058","usgsCitation":"Bird, P., Jackson, D.D., Kagan, Y.Y., Kreemer, C., and Stein, R., 2015, GEAR1: A Global Earthquake Activity Rate model constructed from geodetic strain rates and smoothed seismicity: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 105, no. 5, p. 2538-2554, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120150058.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2538","endPage":"2554","ipdsId":"IP-063010","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e9b6e4b060350a15d348","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bird, Peter","contributorId":195948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bird","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackson, David D.","contributorId":94762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kagan, Yan Y.","contributorId":206059,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kagan","given":"Yan","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":13399,"text":"UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kreemer, Corne","contributorId":15902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreemer","given":"Corne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stein, Ross 0000-0001-7586-3933 rstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-3933","contributorId":206056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"Ross","email":"rstein@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70189608,"text":"70189608 - 2015 - Refinements to the Graves and Pitarka (2010) Broadband Ground Motion Simulation Method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T10:17:34","indexId":"70189608","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Refinements to the Graves and Pitarka (2010) Broadband Ground Motion Simulation Method","docAbstract":"This brief article describes refinements to the Graves and Pitarka (2010) broadband ground motion simulation methodology (GP2010 hereafter) that have been implemented in version 14.3 of the SCEC Broadband Platform (BBP). The updated version of our method on the current SCEC BBP is referred to as GP14.3. Our simulation technique is a hybrid approach that combines low-‐frequency and high-‐frequency motions computed with different methods into a single broadband response. The separate low-‐ and high-‐frequency components have traditionally been called “deterministic” and “stochastic”, respectively; however, this nomenclature is an oversimplification. In reality, the low-‐frequency approach includes many stochastic elements, and likewise, the high-‐frequency approach includes many deterministic elements (e.g., Pulido and Kubo, 2004; Hartzell et al., 2005; Liu et al., 2006; Frankel, 2009; Graves and Pitarka, 2010; Mai et al., 2010). While the traditional terminology will likely remain in use by the broader modeling community, in this paper we will refer to these using the generic terminology “low-‐frequency” and “high-‐ frequency” approaches. Furthermore, one of the primary goals in refining our methodology is to provide a smoother and more consistent transition between the low-‐ and high-‐ frequency calculations, with the ultimate objective being the development of a single unified modeling approach that can be applied over a broad frequency band. GP2010 was validated by modeling recorded strong motions from four California earthquakes. While the method performed well overall, several issues were identified including the tendency to over-‐predict the level of longer period (2-‐5 sec) motions and the effects of rupture directivity. The refinements incorporated in GP14.3 are aimed at addressing these issues with application to the simulation of earthquakes in Western US (WUS). These refinements include the addition of a deep weak zone (details in following section) to the rupture characterization and allowing perturbations in the correlation of rise time and rupture speed with the specified slip distribution. Additionally, we have extended the parameterization of GP14.3 so that it is also applicable for simulating Eastern North America (ENA) earthquakes. This work has been guided by the comprehensive set of validation studies described in Goulet and Abrahamson (2014) and Dreger et al. (2014). The GP14.3 method shows improved performance relative to GP2010, and we direct the interested reader to Dreger et al. (2014) for a detailed assessment of the current methodology. In this paper, we concentrate on describing the modifications in more detail, and also discussing additional refinements that are currently being developed.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220140101","usgsCitation":"Graves, R., and Arben Pitarka, 2015, Refinements to the Graves and Pitarka (2010) Broadband Ground Motion Simulation Method: Seismological Research Letters, v. 86, no. 1, p. 75-80, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220140101.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"80","ipdsId":"IP-059617","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1409997","text":"External Repository"},{"id":344030,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"86","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fb9e4b0d1f9f065a8bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graves, Robert 0000-0001-9758-453X rwgraves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-453X","contributorId":140738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Robert","email":"rwgraves@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arben Pitarka","contributorId":194800,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arben Pitarka","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190299,"text":"70190299 - 2015 - The evolution of mapping habitat for northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina): A comparison of photo-interpreted, Landsat-based, and lidar-based habitat maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-24T12:12:24","indexId":"70190299","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The evolution of mapping habitat for northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina): A comparison of photo-interpreted, Landsat-based, and lidar-based habitat maps","title":"The evolution of mapping habitat for northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina): A comparison of photo-interpreted, Landsat-based, and lidar-based habitat maps","docAbstract":"Wildlife habitat mapping has evolved at a rapid pace over the last few decades. Beginning with simple, often subjective, hand-drawn maps, habitat mapping now involves complex species distribution models (SDMs) using mapped predictor variables derived from remotely sensed data. For species that inhabit large geographic areas, remote sensing technology is often essential for producing range wide maps. Habitat monitoring for northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina), whose geographic covers about 23 million ha, is based on SDMs that use Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery to create forest vegetation data layers using gradient nearest neighbor (GNN) methods. Vegetation data layers derived from GNN are modeled relationships between forest inventory plot data, climate and topographic data, and the spectral signatures acquired by the satellite. When used as predictor variables for SDMs, there is some transference of the GNN modeling error to the final habitat map.
Recent increases in the use of light detection and ranging (lidar) data, coupled with the need to produce spatially accurate and detailed forest vegetation maps have spurred interest in its use for SDMs and habitat mapping. Instead of modeling predictor variables from remotely sensed spectral data, lidar provides direct measurements of vegetation height for use in SDMs. We expect a SDM habitat map produced from directly measured predictor variables to be more accurate than one produced from modeled predictors.
We used maximum entropy (Maxent) SDM modeling software to compare predictive performance and estimates of habitat area between Landsat-based and lidar-based northern spotted owl SDMs and habitat maps. We explored the differences and similarities between these maps, and to a pre-existing aerial photo-interpreted habitat map produced by local wildlife biologists. The lidar-based map had the highest predictive performance based on 10 bootstrapped replicate models (AUC = 0.809 ± 0.011), but the performance of the Landsat-based map was within acceptable limits (AUC = 0.717 ± 0.021). As is common with photo-interpreted maps, there was no accuracy assessment available for comparison. The photo-interpreted map produced the highest and lowest estimates of habitat area, depending on which habitat classes were included (nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat = 9962 ha, nesting habitat only = 6036 ha). The Landsat-based map produced an estimate of habitat area that was within this range (95% CI: 6679–9592 ha), while the lidar-based map produced an area estimate similar to what was interpreted by local wildlife biologists as nesting (i.e., high quality) habitat using aerial imagery (95% CI: 5453–7216). Confidence intervals of habitat area estimates from the SDMs based on Landsat and lidar overlapped.
We concluded that both Landsat- and lidar-based SDMs produced reasonable maps and area estimates for northern spotted owl habitat within the study area. The lidar-based map was more precise and spatially similar to what local wildlife biologists considered spotted owl nesting habitat. The Landsat-based map provided a less precise spatial representation of habitat within the relatively small geographic confines of the study area, but habitat area estimates were similar to both the photo-interpreted and lidar-based maps.
Photo-interpreted maps are time consuming to produce, subjective in nature, and difficult to replicate. SDMs provide a framework for efficiently producing habitat maps that can be replicated as habitat conditions change over time, provided that comparable remotely sensed data are available. When the SDM uses predictor variables extracted from lidar data, it can produce a habitat map that is both accurate and useful at large and small spatial scales. In comparison, SDMs using Landsat-based data are more appropriate for large scale analyses of amounts and general spatial patterns of habitat at regional scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2014.09.025","usgsCitation":"Ackers, S.H., Davis, R.J., Olsen, K., and Dugger, K., 2015, The evolution of mapping habitat for northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina): A comparison of photo-interpreted, Landsat-based, and lidar-based habitat maps: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 156, p. 361-373, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.09.025.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"373","ipdsId":"IP-049418","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345111,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"156","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599fe5bae4b038630d022104","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackers, Steven H.","contributorId":36065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackers","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Raymond J.","contributorId":150574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, K.","contributorId":61570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X cdugger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":4399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"cdugger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157561,"text":"70157561 - 2015 - A laboratory investigation of the suspension, transport, and settling of silver carp eggs using synthetic surrogates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-06T11:57:40","indexId":"70157561","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-29T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A laboratory investigation of the suspension, transport, and settling of silver carp eggs using synthetic surrogates","docAbstract":"Asian carp eggs are semi-buoyant and must remain suspended in the water to survive, supported by the turbulence of the flow, until they hatch and develop the ability to swim. Analysis of the transport and dispersal patterns of Asian carp eggs will facilitate the development and implementation of control strategies to target the early life stages. Experimenting with Asian carp eggs is complicated due to practical issues of obtaining eggs in close proximity to experimental facilities and extensive handling of eggs tends to damage them. Herein, we describe laboratory experiments using styrene beads (4.85 mm diameter) as synthetic surrogate eggs to mimic the physical properties of water-hardened silver carp eggs. The first set of experiments was completed in a rectangular vertical column filled with salt water. The salinity of the water was adjusted in an iterative fashion to obtain a close approximation of the fall velocity of the styrene beads to the mean fall velocity of silver carp water-hardened eggs. The terminal fall velocity of synthetic eggs was measured using an image processing method. The second set of experiments was performed in a temperature-controlled recirculatory flume with a sediment bed. The flume was filled with salt water, and synthetic eggs were allowed to drift under different flow conditions. Drifting behavior, suspension conditions, and settling characteristics of synthetic eggs were observed. At high velocities, eggs were suspended and distributed through the water column. Eggs that touched the sediment bed were re-entrained by the flow. Eggs saltated when they touched the bed, especially at moderate velocities and with a relatively flat bed. At lower velocities, some settling of the eggs was observed. With lower velocities and a flat bed, eggs were trapped near the walls of the flume. When bedforms were present, eggs were trapped in the lee of the bedforms in addition to being trapped near the flume walls. Results of this research study provide insights about transport, suspension, and dispersion of silver carp eggs. The knowledge gained from this study is useful to characterize the critical hydrodynamic conditions of the flow at which surrogates for silver carp water-hardened eggs settle out of suspension, and provides insight into how eggs may interact with riverbed sediments and morphology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0145775","collaboration":"Great Lakes Restoration Initiative \nUniversity of Illinois","usgsCitation":"Garcia, T., Zuniga Zamalloa, C., Jackson, P., Murphy, E., and Garcia, M., 2015, A laboratory investigation of the suspension, transport, and settling of silver carp eggs using synthetic surrogates: PLoS ONE, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145775.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064982","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471554,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145775","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":313936,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568e48cee4b0e7a44bc41839","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garcia, Tatiana 0000-0002-1979-7246 tgarcia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1979-7246","contributorId":140327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"Tatiana","email":"tgarcia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zuniga Zamalloa, Carlo","contributorId":148037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zuniga Zamalloa","given":"Carlo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16984,"text":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jackson, P. Ryan pjackson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"P. Ryan","email":"pjackson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murphy, Elizabeth A. emurphy@usgs.gov","contributorId":140328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Elizabeth A.","email":"emurphy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garcia, Marcelo H.","contributorId":74236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Marcelo H.","affiliations":[{"id":33106,"text":"University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70160705,"text":"70160705 - 2015 - Taxonomic characterization of honey bee (Apis mellifera) pollen foraging based on non-overlapping paired-end sequencing of nuclear ribosomal loci","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T10:09:59","indexId":"70160705","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-23T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taxonomic characterization of honey bee (Apis mellifera) pollen foraging based on non-overlapping paired-end sequencing of nuclear ribosomal loci","docAbstract":"Identifying plant taxa that honey bees (Apis mellifera) forage upon is of great apicultural interest, but traditional methods are labor intensive and may lack resolution. Here we evaluate a high-throughput genetic barcoding approach to characterize trap-collected pollen from multiple North Dakota apiaries across multiple years. We used the Illumina MiSeq platform to generate sequence scaffolds from non-overlapping 300-bp paired-end sequencing reads of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS). Full-length sequence scaffolds represented ~530 bp of ITS sequence after adapter trimming, drawn from the 5’ of ITS1 and the 3’ of ITS2, while skipping the uninformative 5.8S region. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were picked from scaffolds clustered at 97% identity, searched by BLAST against the nt database, and given taxonomic assignments using the paired-read lowest common ancestor approach. Taxonomic assignments and quantitative patterns were consistent with known plant distributions, phenology, and observational reports of pollen foraging, but revealed an unexpected contribution from non-crop graminoids and wetland plants. The mean number of plant species assignments per sample was 23.0 (+/- 5.5) and the mean species diversity (effective number of equally abundant species) was 3.3 (+/- 1.2). Bray-Curtis similarities showed good agreement among samples from the same apiary and sampling date. Rarefaction plots indicated that fewer than 50,000 reads are typically needed to characterize pollen samples of this complexity. Our results show that a pre-compiled, curated reference database is not essential for genus-level assignments, but species-level assignments are hindered by database gaps, reference length variation, and probable errors in the taxonomic assignment, requiring post-hoc evaluation. Although the effective per-sample yield achieved using custom MiSeq amplicon primers was less than the machine maximum, primarily due to lower “read2” quality, further protocol optimization and/or a modest reduction in multiplex scale should offset this difficulty. As small quantities of pollen are sufficient for amplification, our approach might be extendable to other questions or species for which large pollen samples are not available.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","publisherLocation":"San Francisco","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0145365","usgsCitation":"Cornman, R.S., Otto, C., Iwanowicz, D.D., and Pettis, J.S., 2015, Taxonomic characterization of honey bee (Apis mellifera) pollen foraging based on non-overlapping paired-end sequencing of nuclear ribosomal loci: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 12, p. 1-26, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145365.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067288","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471557,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145365","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":313041,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.96484375,\n 46.84704298339389\n ],\n [\n -98.96484375,\n 47.44852243794931\n ],\n [\n -97.83599853515625,\n 47.44852243794931\n ],\n [\n -97.83599853515625,\n 46.84704298339389\n ],\n [\n -98.96484375,\n 46.84704298339389\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56850061e4b0a04ef4933751","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cornman, Robert S. 0000-0001-9511-2192 rcornman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-2192","contributorId":5356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornman","given":"Robert","email":"rcornman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otto, Clint 0000-0002-7582-3525 cotto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7582-3525","contributorId":5426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto","given":"Clint","email":"cotto@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Deborah D. 0000-0002-9613-8594 diwanowicz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-8594","contributorId":2253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Deborah","email":"diwanowicz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pettis, Jeffery S","contributorId":150913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pettis","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":6758,"text":"USDA-ARS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70174979,"text":"70174979 - 2015 - An apparatus reconstruction of the conodont Caenodontus serrulatus Behnken 1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T12:30:35","indexId":"70174979","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-23T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An apparatus reconstruction of the conodont Caenodontus serrulatus Behnken 1975","docAbstract":"The conodont species Caenodontus serrulatus Behnken is a rare coniform element first described in 1975 from Guadalupian strata exposed in the Guadalupe and Delaware Mountains of West Texas. Because it is rare, coniform, and occurs long after most coniform elements supposedly disappeared, it has been hauntingly mysterious. Based on new material containing a varied assemblage of coniform elements recovered from an outcrop of the Hegler Limestone (Guadalupian) in the Patterson Hills, West Texas, it is proposed that Caenodontusis comprised of a 6-7 membrate coniform apparatus and that this apparatus is very similar to the one proposed for the genus Ansella from the Ordovician.
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