Many fisheries for Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. are actively managed to meet escapement goal objectives. In fisheries where the demand for surplus production is high, an extensive assessment program is needed to achieve the opposing objectives of allowing adequate escapement and fully exploiting the available surplus. Knowledge of abundance is a critical element of such assessment programs. Abundance estimation using mark—recapture experiments in combination with telemetry has become common in recent years, particularly within Alaskan river systems. Fish are typically captured and marked in the lower river while migrating in aggregations of individuals from multiple populations. Recapture data are obtained using telemetry receivers that are co-located with abundance assessment projects near spawning areas, which provide large sample sizes and information on population-specific mark rates. When recapture data are obtained from multiple populations, unequal mark rates may reflect a violation of the assumption of homogeneous capture probabilities. A common analytical strategy is to test the hypothesis that mark rates are homogeneous and combine all recapture data if the test is not significant. However, mark rates are often low, and a test of homogeneity may lack sufficient power to detect meaningful differences among populations. In addition, differences among mark rates may provide information that could be exploited during parameter estimation. We present a temporally stratified mark—recapture model that permits capture probabilities and migratory timing through the capture area to vary among strata. Abundance information obtained from a subset of populations after the populations have segregated for spawning is jointly modeled with telemetry distribution data by use of a likelihood function. Maximization of the likelihood produces estimates of the abundance and timing of individual populations migrating through the capture area, thus yielding substantially more information than the total abundance estimate provided by the conventional approach. The utility of the model is illustrated with data for coho salmon O. kisutch from the Kasilof River in south-central Alaska.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/M10-065.1","usgsCitation":"Bromaghin, J.F., Gates, K.S., and Palmer, D.E., 2010, A likelihood framework for joint estimation of salmon abundance and migratory timing using telemetric mark-recapture: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 30, no. 6, p. 1385-1394, https://doi.org/10.1577/M10-065.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1385","endPage":"1394","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-019925","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296918,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b1ae4b08de9379b3246","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bromaghin, Jeffrey F. 0000-0002-7209-9500 jbromaghin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-9500","contributorId":139899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromaghin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jbromaghin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gates, Kenneth S.","contributorId":131106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gates","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Palmer, Douglas E.","contributorId":131118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmer","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70037199,"text":"70037199 - 2010 - At-sea observations of marine birds and their habitats before and after the 2008 eruption of Kasatochi volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T15:15:06","indexId":"70037199","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"At-sea observations of marine birds and their habitats before and after the 2008 eruption of Kasatochi volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"Kasatochi volcano, an island volcano in the Aleutian chain, erupted on 7-8 August 2008. The resulting ash and pyroclastic flows blanketed the island, covering terrestrial habitats. We surveyed the marine environment surrounding Kasatochi Island in June and July of 2009 to document changes in abundance or distribution of nutrients, fish, and marine birds near the island when compared to patterns observed on earlier surveys conducted in 1996 and 2003. Analysis of SeaWiFS satellite imagery indicated that a large chlorophyll-a anomaly may have been the result of ash fertilization during the eruption. We found no evidence of continuing marine fertilization from terrestrial runoff 10 months after the eruption. At-sea surveys in June 2009 established that the most common species of seabirds at Kasatochi prior to the eruption, namely crested auklets (Aethia cristatella) and least auklets (Aethia pusilla) had returned to Kasatochi in relatively high numbers. Densities from more extensive surveys in July 2009 were compared with pre-eruption densities around Kasatochi and neighboring Ulak and Koniuji islands, but we found no evidence of an eruption effect. Crested and least auklet populations were not significantly reduced by the initial explosion and they returned to attempt breeding in 2009, even though nesting habitat had been rendered unusable. Maps of pre- and post-eruption seabird distribution anomalies indicated considerable variation, but we found no evidence that observed distributions were affected by the 2008 eruption. ?? 2010 Regents of the University of Colorado.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.325","issn":"15230430","usgsCitation":"Drew, G., Dragoo, D.E., Renner, M., and Piatt, J.F., 2010, At-sea observations of marine birds and their habitats before and after the 2008 eruption of Kasatochi volcano, Alaska: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 42, no. 3, p. 325-334, https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.325.","startPage":"325","endPage":"334","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475926,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.325","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245374,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217427,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.325"}],"volume":"42","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee9de4b0c8380cd49e77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drew, G.S.","contributorId":95415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dragoo, Donald E.","contributorId":36782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dragoo","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Renner, M.","contributorId":82922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Renner","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037140,"text":"70037140 - 2010 - Incubation behavior of king eiders on the coastal plain of Northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:44","indexId":"70037140","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incubation behavior of king eiders on the coastal plain of Northern Alaska","docAbstract":"Incubating birds balance their energetic demands during incubation with the needs of the developing embryos. Incubation behavior is correlated with body size; larger birds can accumulate more endogenous reserves and maintain higher incubation constancy. King eiders (Somateria spectabilis) contend with variable and cold spring weather, little nesting cover, and low food availability, and thus are likely to rely heavily on endogenous reserves to maintain high incubation constancy. We examined the patterns of nest attendance of king eiders at Teshekpuk and Kuparuk, Alaska (2002-2005) in relation to clutch size, daily temperature, and endogenous reserves to explore factors controlling incubation behavior. Females at Kuparuk had higher constancy (98.5 ?? 0.2%, n = 30) than at Teshekpuk (96.9 ?? 0.8%, n = 26), largely due to length of recesses. Mean recess length ranged from 21.5 to 23.7 min at Kuparuk, and from 28.5 to 51.2 min at Teshekpuk. Mean body mass on arrival at breeding grounds (range; Teshekpuk 1,541-1,805, Kuparuk 1,616-1,760), and at the end of incubation (Teshekpuk 1,113-1,174, Kuparuk 1,173-1,183), did not vary between sites or among years (F < 1.1, P > 0.3). Daily constancy increased 1% with every 5??C increase in minimum daily temperature (??min = 0.005, 95% CI 0.002, 0.009). Higher constancy combined with similar mass loss at Kuparuk implies that females there met foraging requirements with shorter recesses. Additionally, females took more recesses at low temperatures, suggesting increased maintenance needs which were potentially ameliorated by feeding during these recesses, indicating that metabolic costs and local foraging conditions drove incubation behavior. ?? 2010 US Government.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polar Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00300-010-0787-y","issn":"07224060","usgsCitation":"Bentzen, R., Powell, A., Phillips, L.M., and Suydam, R., 2010, Incubation behavior of king eiders on the coastal plain of Northern Alaska: Polar Biology, v. 33, no. 8, p. 1075-1082, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0787-y.","startPage":"1075","endPage":"1082","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216993,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0787-y"},{"id":244900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3a0ce4b0c8380cd61b22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bentzen, R.L.","contributorId":42443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bentzen","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, A.N.","contributorId":66194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phillips, Laura M.","contributorId":49497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phillips","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Suydam, R.S.","contributorId":74213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suydam","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036544,"text":"70036544 - 2010 - Molecular investigations into a globally important carbon pool: Permafrost-protected carbon in Alaskan soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036544","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular investigations into a globally important carbon pool: Permafrost-protected carbon in Alaskan soils","docAbstract":"The fate of carbon (C) contained within permafrost in boreal forest environments is an important consideration for the current and future carbon cycle as soils warm in northern latitudes. Currently, little is known about the microbiology or chemistry of permafrost soils that may affect its decomposition once soils thaw. We tested the hypothesis that low microbial abundances and activities in permafrost soils limit decomposition rates compared with active layer soils. We examined active layer and permafrost soils near Fairbanks, AK, the Yukon River, and the Arctic Circle. Soils were incubated in the lab under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Gas fluxes at -5 and 5 ??C were measured to calculate temperature response quotients (Q10). The Q10 was lower in permafrost soils (average 2.7) compared with active layer soils (average 7.5). Soil nutrients, leachable dissolved organic C (DOC) quality and quantity, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the soils revealed that the organic matter within permafrost soils is as labile, or even more so, than surface soils. Microbial abundances (fungi, bacteria, and subgroups: methanogens and Basidiomycetes) and exoenzyme activities involved in decomposition were lower in permafrost soils compared with active layer soils, which, together with the chemical data, supports the reduced Q10 values. CH4 fluxes were correlated with methanogen abundance and the highest CH4 production came from active layer soils. These results suggest that permafrost soils have high inherent decomposability, but low microbial abundances and activities reduce the temperature sensitivity of C fluxes. Despite these inherent limitations, however, respiration per unit soil C was higher in permafrost soils compared with active layer soils, suggesting that decomposition and heterotrophic respiration may contribute to a positive feedback to warming of this eco region. Published 2010. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02141.x","issn":"13541013","usgsCitation":"Waldrop, M., Wickland, K., White, R., Berhe, A., Harden, J., and Romanovsky, V., 2010, Molecular investigations into a globally important carbon pool: Permafrost-protected carbon in Alaskan soils: Global Change Biology, v. 16, no. 9, p. 2543-2554, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02141.x.","startPage":"2543","endPage":"2554","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217584,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02141.x"},{"id":245537,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d06e4b0c8380cd700f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waldrop, M. P. 0000-0003-1829-7140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":105104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wickland, K.P. 0000-0002-6400-0590","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":10786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"K.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Rickie","contributorId":100921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Rickie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berhe, A.A.","contributorId":23365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berhe","given":"A.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Romanovsky, V.E.","contributorId":54721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanovsky","given":"V.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036543,"text":"70036543 - 2010 - Seasonal movements, winter range use, and migratory connectivity of the Black Oystercatcher","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036543","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal movements, winter range use, and migratory connectivity of the Black Oystercatcher","docAbstract":"The Black Oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani) is an intertidal obligate along North America's Pacific coast and a species of high conservation concern (population size 8900-11 000 individuals). Understanding birds' movements and space use throughout the annual cycle has become paramount in the face of changing environmental conditions, and intertidal species may be particularly vulnerable to habitat change due to anticipated sea-level rise associated with climate change and increasing coastal development. Conservation of the Black Oystercatcher is hindered by a lack of information on the species' nonbreeding distribution, seasonal movements, and habitat connectivity. Using satellite (n = 19) and VHF (n = 19) radio transmitters, we tracked Black Oystercatchers from five breeding sites (Vancouver Island, British Columbia; Kodiak Island, Prince William Sound, Middleton Island, and Juneau, Alaska) through one and one half annual cycles (May 2007-Dec 2008). We documented medium- to long-distance migration (range of migration distance 130-1667 km) in three populations (Prince William Sound, Middleton Island, and Juneau) and year-round residency in two others (Kodiak and Vancouver Island). We observed variation in the timing and length of migration by study site, and individual birds demonstrated fidelity to breeding and nonbreeding sites. We did not observe strong migratory connectivity. Migratory oystercatchers distributed themselves widely along the coasts of British Columbia and southeast Alaska during winter. Results provide baseline information on the Black Oystercatcher's movements and space use throughout the annual cycle. ?? 2010 The Cooper Ornithological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1525/cond.2010.090215","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Johnson, M., Clarkson, P., Goldstein, M., Haig, S.M., Lanctot, R., Tessler, D., and Zwiefelhofer, D., 2010, Seasonal movements, winter range use, and migratory connectivity of the Black Oystercatcher: Condor, v. 112, no. 4, p. 731-743, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2010.090215.","startPage":"731","endPage":"743","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217555,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cond.2010.090215"},{"id":245508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88c5e4b08c986b316b73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, M.","contributorId":85531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clarkson, P.","contributorId":100972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarkson","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldstein, M.I.","contributorId":21386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"M.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haig, S. M. 0000-0002-6616-7589","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":55389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":77879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":456645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tessler, D.F.","contributorId":99366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tessler","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zwiefelhofer, D.","contributorId":46709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zwiefelhofer","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70036309,"text":"70036309 - 2010 - Detection probability of cliff-nesting raptors during helicopter and fixed-wing aircraft surveys in western Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-12T09:27:26","indexId":"70036309","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detection probability of cliff-nesting raptors during helicopter and fixed-wing aircraft surveys in western Alaska","docAbstract":"We conducted repeated aerial surveys for breeding cliff-nesting raptors on the Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge (YDNWR) in western Alaska to estimate detection probabilities of Gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus), Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos), Rough-legged Hawks (Buteo lagopus), and also Common Ravens (Corvus corax). Using the program PRESENCE, we modeled detection histories of each species based on single species occupancy modeling. We used different observers during four helicopter replicate surveys in the Kilbuck Mountains and five fixed-wing replicate surveys in the Ingakslugwat Hills near Bethel, AK. During helicopter surveys, Gyrfalcons had the highest detection probability estimate (p^;p^ 0.79; SE 0.05), followed by Golden Eagles (p^=0.68; SE 0.05), Common Ravens (p^=0.45; SE 0.17), and Rough-legged Hawks (p^=0.10; SE 0.11). Detection probabilities from fixed-wing aircraft in the Ingakslugwat Hills were similar to those from the helicopter in the Kilbuck Mountains for Gyrfalcons and Golden Eagles, but were higher for Common Ravens (p^=0.85; SE 0.06) and Rough-legged Hawks (p^=0.42; SE 0.07). Fixed-wing aircraft provided detection probability estimates and SEs in the Ingakslugwat Hills similar to or better than those from helicopter surveys in the Kilbucks and should be considered for future cliff-nesting raptor surveys where safe, low-altitude flight is possible. Overall, detection probability varied by observer experience and in some cases, by study area/aircraft type.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3356/JRR-09-70.1","issn":"08921016","usgsCitation":"Booms, T., Schempf, P., McCaffery, B.J., Lindberg, M.S., and Fuller, M., 2010, Detection probability of cliff-nesting raptors during helicopter and fixed-wing aircraft surveys in western Alaska: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 44, no. 3, p. 175-187, https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-09-70.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"187","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475791,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr-09-70.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218169,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3356/JRR-09-70.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.45,51.21 ], [ 172.45,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.45,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"44","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff7ce4b0c8380cd4f207","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Booms, T.L.","contributorId":15387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booms","given":"T.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schempf, P.F.","contributorId":99261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schempf","given":"P.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCaffery, B. J.","contributorId":99355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCaffery","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindberg, M. S.","contributorId":94413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fuller, M.R.","contributorId":71278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036229,"text":"70036229 - 2010 - The role of soil drainage class in carbon dioxide exchange and decomposition in boreal black spruce (Picea mariana) forest stands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70036229","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of soil drainage class in carbon dioxide exchange and decomposition in boreal black spruce (Picea mariana) forest stands","docAbstract":"Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) forest stands range from well drained to poorly drained, typically contain large amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC), and are often underlain by permafrost. To better understand the role of soil drainage class in carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange and decomposition, we measured soil respiration and net CO2 fluxes, litter decomposition and litterfall rates, and SOC stocks above permafrost in three Alaska black spruce forest stands characterized as well drained (WD), moderately drained (MD), and poorly drained (PD). Soil respiration and net CO2 fluxes were not significantly different among sites, although the relation between soil respiration rate and temperature varied with site (Qw: WD > MD > PD). Annual estimated soil respiration, litter decomposition, and groundcover photosynthesis were greatest at PD. These results suggest that soil temperature and moisture conditions in shallow organic horizon soils at PD were more favorable for decomposition compared with the better drained sites. SOC stocks, however, increase from WD to MD to PD such that surface decomposition and C storage are diametric. Greater groundcover vegetation productivity, protection of deep SOC by permafrost and anoxic conditions, and differences in fire return interval and (or) severity at PD counteract the relatively high near-surface decomposition rates, resulting in high net C accumulation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/X10-163","issn":"00455067","usgsCitation":"Wickland, K., Neff, J.C., and Harden, J., 2010, The role of soil drainage class in carbon dioxide exchange and decomposition in boreal black spruce (Picea mariana) forest stands: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 40, no. 11, p. 2123-2134, https://doi.org/10.1139/X10-163.","startPage":"2123","endPage":"2134","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218366,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/X10-163"},{"id":246367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf97e4b08c986b3248eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wickland, K.P. 0000-0002-6400-0590","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":10786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"K.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neff, J. C.","contributorId":29935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034551,"text":"70034551 - 2010 - Modeling fire severity in black spruce stands in the Alaskan boreal forest using spectral and non-spectral geospatial data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T11:30:36","indexId":"70034551","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling fire severity in black spruce stands in the Alaskan boreal forest using spectral and non-spectral geospatial data","docAbstract":"Biomass burning in the Alaskan interior is already a major disturbance and source of carbon emissions, and is likely to increase in response to the warming and drying predicted for the future climate. In addition to quantifying changes to the spatial and temporal patterns of burned areas, observing variations in severity is the key to studying the impact of changes to the fire regime on carbon cycling, energy budgets, and post-fire succession. Remote sensing indices of fire severity have not consistently been well-correlated with in situ observations of important severity characteristics in Alaskan black spruce stands, including depth of burning of the surface organic layer. The incorporation of ancillary data such as in situ observations and GIS layers with spectral data from Landsat TM/ETM+ greatly improved efforts to map the reduction of the organic layer in burned black spruce stands. Using a regression tree approach, the R2 of the organic layer depth reduction models was 0.60 and 0.55 (pb0.01) for relative and absolute depth reduction, respectively. All of the independent variables used by the regression tree to estimate burn depth can be obtained independently of field observations. Implementation of a gradient boosting algorithm improved the R2 to 0.80 and 0.79 (pb0.01) for absolute and relative organic layer depth reduction, respectively. Independent variables used in the regression tree model of burn depth included topographic position, remote sensing indices related to soil and vegetation characteristics, timing of the fire event, and meteorological data. Post-fire organic layer depth characteristics are determined for a large (N200,000 ha) fire to identify areas that are potentially vulnerable to a shift in post-fire succession. This application showed that 12% of this fire event experienced fire severe enough to support a change in post-fire succession. We conclude that non-parametric models and ancillary data are useful in the modeling of the surface organic layer fire depth. Because quantitative differences in post-fire surface characteristics do not directly influence spectral properties, these modeling techniques provide better information than the use of remote sensing data alone.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2010.02.001","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Barrett, K.M., Kasischke, E., McGuire, A., Turetsky, M., and Kane, E., 2010, Modeling fire severity in black spruce stands in the Alaskan boreal forest using spectral and non-spectral geospatial data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 7, p. 1494-1503, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.02.001.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1494","endPage":"1503","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-018226","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215887,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.02.001"}],"volume":"114","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5bf8e4b0c8380cd6f937","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barrett, Kirsten M. kbarrett@usgs.gov","contributorId":2979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrett","given":"Kirsten","email":"kbarrett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":446347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kasischke, E.S.","contributorId":61201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kasischke","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turetsky, M.R.","contributorId":107470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kane, E.S.","contributorId":42275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70173566,"text":"70173566 - 2010 - Does garbage in diet improve Glaucous Gull reproductive output?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-31T20:40:30.477612","indexId":"70173566","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does garbage in diet improve Glaucous Gull reproductive output?","docAbstract":"Anthropogenic subsidies are used by a variety of predators in areas developed for human use or residence. If subsidies promote population growth, these predators can have a negative effect on local prey species. The Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus) is an abundant predator in northern Alaska that is believed to benefit from garbage as a supplemental food source, but this supposition has never been tested. In summer 2008 and 2009, we recorded the Glaucous Gull's diet and reproduction at 10 breeding colonies in northern Alaska. Colonies were in industrial, residential, and undeveloped areas and ranged from 5 to 75 km from the nearest landfill. By colony, garbage occurred in zero to 85% of pellets and food remains produced during the chick-rearing period, and the average number of chicks fledged per pair ranged from zero to 2.9. Random-forest analysis indicated that percent occurrence of garbage in the diet was the second most important factor (after number of eggs per pair) explaining variance in fledging rate. There was a significant positive correlation between percent occurrence of garbage in the diet and fledging rate in each year. If this correlation reflects a causal relationship, it suggests that human development that increases gulls' access to garbage could result in increased local gull populations. Such an increase could affect the gulls' natural prey species, including at least 14 species of shorebirds and waterfowl of conservation concern.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bioone","doi":"10.1525/cond.2010.100020","usgsCitation":"Powell, A., and Weiser, E., 2010, Does garbage in diet improve Glaucous Gull reproductive output?: Condor, v. 112, no. 3, p. 530-538, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2010.100020.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"530","endPage":"538","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-018980","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475912,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2010.100020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323404,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Barrow, Simpson, Alpine Oilfield/ Nuiqsut, and Deadhorse","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.994140625,\n 68.87935761076949\n ],\n [\n -141.15234374999997,\n 68.87935761076949\n ],\n [\n -141.15234374999997,\n 71.85622888185527\n ],\n [\n -158.994140625,\n 71.85622888185527\n ],\n [\n -158.994140625,\n 68.87935761076949\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"112","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9331e4b04f417c275135","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, Abby 0000-0002-9783-134X abby_powell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-134X","contributorId":176843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Abby","email":"abby_powell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weiser, Emily L.","contributorId":171678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weiser","given":"Emily L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035584,"text":"70035584 - 2010 - Survival and breeding of polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea in relation to sea ice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-27T12:35:19","indexId":"70035584","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival and breeding of polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea in relation to sea ice","docAbstract":"1. Observed and predicted declines in Arctic sea ice have raised concerns about marine mammals. In May 2008, the US Fish and Wildlife Service listed polar bears (Ursus maritimus) - one of the most ice-dependent marine mammals - as threatened under the US Endangered Species Act. 2. We evaluated the effects of sea ice conditions on vital rates (survival and breeding probabilities) for polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea. Although sea ice declines in this and other regions of the polar basin have been among the greatest in the Arctic, to date population-level effects of sea ice loss on polar bears have only been identified in western Hudson Bay, near the southern limit of the species' range. 3. We estimated vital rates using multistate capture-recapture models that classified individuals by sex, age and reproductive category. We used multimodel inference to evaluate a range of statistical models, all of which were structurally based on the polar bear life cycle. We estimated parameters by model averaging, and developed a parametric bootstrap procedure to quantify parameter uncertainty. 4. In the most supported models, polar bear survival declined with an increasing number of days per year that waters over the continental shelf were ice free. In 2001-2003, the ice-free period was relatively short (mean 101 days) and adult female survival was high (0 ∙ 96-0 ∙ 99, depending on reproductive state). In 2004 and 2005, the ice-free period was longer (mean 135 days) and adult female survival was low (0 ∙ 73-0 ∙ 79, depending on reproductive state). Breeding rates and cub litter survival also declined with increasing duration of the ice-free period. Confidence intervals on vital rate estimates were wide. 5. The effects of sea ice loss on polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea may apply to polar bear populations in other portions of the polar basin that have similar sea ice dynamics and have experienced similar, or more severe, sea ice declines. Our findings therefore are relevant to the extinction risk facing approximately one-third of the world's polar bears.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Animal Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01603.x","issn":"00218790","usgsCitation":"Regehr, E., Hunter, C., Caswell, H., Amstrup, S.C., and Stirling, I., 2010, Survival and breeding of polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea in relation to sea ice: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 79, no. 1, p. 117-127, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01603.x.","startPage":"117","endPage":"127","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216453,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01603.x"}],"volume":"79","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2ade4b08c986b31f899","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Regehr, E.V.","contributorId":90937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regehr","given":"E.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunter, C.M.","contributorId":19670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caswell, H.","contributorId":103114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caswell","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":451335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stirling, I.","contributorId":103615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stirling","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70035423,"text":"70035423 - 2010 - Are inland wolf-ungulate systems influenced by marine subsidies of Pacific salmon?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T11:06:29","indexId":"70035423","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Are inland wolf-ungulate systems influenced by marine subsidies of Pacific salmon?","docAbstract":"Wolves (Canis lupus) in North America are considered obligate predators of ungulates with other food resources playing little role in wolf population dynamics or wolf–prey relations. However, spawning Pacific salmon (Oncorhyncus spp.) are common throughout wolf range in northwestern North America and may provide a marine subsidy affecting inland wolf–ungulate food webs far from the coast. We conducted stable‐isotope analyses for nitrogen and carbon to evaluate the contribution of salmon to diets of wolves in Denali National Park and Preserve, 1200 river‐km from tidewater in interior Alaska, USA. We analyzed bone collagen from 73 wolves equipped with radio collars during 1986–2002 and evaluated estimates of salmon in their diets relative to the availability of salmon and ungulates within their home ranges. We compared wolf densities and ungulate : wolf ratios among regions with differing salmon and ungulate availability to assess subsidizing effects of salmon on these wolf–ungulate systems. Wolves in the northwestern flats of the study area had access to spawning salmon but low ungulate availability and consumed more salmon (17% ± 7% [mean ± SD]) than in upland regions, where ungulates were sixfold more abundant and wolves did or did not have salmon spawning areas within their home ranges (8% ± 6% and 3% ± 3%, respectively). Wolves were only 17% less abundant on the northwestern flats compared to the remainder of the study area, even though ungulate densities were 78% lower. We estimated that biomass from fall runs of chum (O. keta) and coho (O. kisutch) salmon on the northwestern flats was comparable to the ungulate biomass there, and the contribution of salmon to wolf diets was similar to estimates reported for coastal wolves in southeast Alaska. Given the ubiquitous consumption of salmon by wolves on the northwestern flats and the abundance of salmon there, we conclude that wolf numbers in this region were enhanced by the allochthonous subsidy provided by salmon and discuss implications for wolf–ungulate relations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/08-1437.1","usgsCitation":"Adams, L., Farley, S.D., Stricker, C.A., Demma, D.J., Roffler, G.H., Miller, D.C., and Rye, R.O., 2010, Are inland wolf-ungulate systems influenced by marine subsidies of Pacific salmon?: Ecological Applications, v. 20, no. 1, p. 251-262, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1437.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"251","endPage":"262","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed5ce4b0c8380cd49774","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farley, Sean D.","contributorId":27642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farley","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":450587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stricker, Craig A. 0000-0002-5031-9437 cstricker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-9437","contributorId":1097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stricker","given":"Craig","email":"cstricker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Demma, Dominic J.","contributorId":46344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demma","given":"Dominic","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roffler, Gretchen H. groffler@usgs.gov","contributorId":1946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roffler","given":"Gretchen","email":"groffler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Dennis C.","contributorId":198503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rye, Robert O. rrye@usgs.gov","contributorId":1486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"Robert","email":"rrye@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70045706,"text":"70045706 - 2010 - Intercontinental reassortment and genomic variation of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated from northern pintails (Anas acuta) in Alaska: examining the evidence through space and time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T18:36:17","indexId":"70045706","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3696,"text":"Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intercontinental reassortment and genomic variation of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated from northern pintails (Anas acuta) in Alaska: examining the evidence through space and time","docAbstract":"Migration and population genetic data for northern pintails (Anas acuta) and phylogenetic analysis of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses from this host in Alaska suggest that northern pintails are involved in ongoing intercontinental transmission of avian influenza. Here, we further refine this conclusion through phylogenetic analyses which demonstrate that detection of foreign lineage gene segments is spatially dependent and consistent through time. Our results show detection of foreign lineage gene segments to be most likely at sample locations on the Alaska Peninsula and least likely along the Southern Alaska Coast. Asian lineages detected at four gene segments persisted across years, suggesting maintenance in avian hosts that migrate to Alaska each year from Asia or in hosts that remain in Alaska throughout the year. Alternatively, live viruses may persist in the environment and re-infect birds in subsequent seasons.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2010.02.006","usgsCitation":"Ramey, A.M., Pearce, J.M., Flint, P.L., Ip, S., Derksen, D.V., Franson, J., Petrula, M.J., Scotton, B.D., Sowl, K.M., Wege, M.L., and Trust, K.A., 2010, Intercontinental reassortment and genomic variation of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated from northern pintails (Anas acuta) in Alaska: examining the evidence through space and time: Virology, v. 401, no. 2, p. 179-189, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2010.02.006.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"189","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2010.02.006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":292277,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2010.02.006"},{"id":271649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-162.255031,54.978353],[-162.30058,54.832594],[-162.41737,54.877491],[-162.255031,54.978353]]],[[[-160.0179,55.15613],[-159.889174,55.287138],[-159.905365,55.164689],[-159.816419,55.178051],[-160.183466,54.91568],[-160.191392,55.108574],[-160.0179,55.15613]]],[[[-159.455311,55.061452],[-159.328791,54.980598],[-159.426615,54.942266],[-159.455311,55.061452]]],[[[-161.718614,55.154166],[-161.608634,55.116906],[-161.862504,55.127598],[-161.718614,55.154166]]],[[[-160.506927,55.32773],[-160.486174,55.193617],[-160.806009,55.12567],[-160.797147,55.381521],[-160.344369,55.362962],[-160.330722,55.261045],[-160.506927,55.32773]]],[[[-160.21178,55.455862],[-160.141834,55.387154],[-160.27997,55.395905],[-160.21178,55.455862]]],[[[-165.790523,54.171758],[-165.714198,54.120815],[-166.098255,54.103538],[-166.002465,54.213629],[-165.790523,54.171758]]],[[[-165.523466,54.299895],[-165.405377,54.212837],[-165.629725,54.132558],[-165.681458,54.236914],[-165.523466,54.299895]]],[[[-162.801865,54.48944],[-162.588883,54.450064],[-162.611891,54.368077],[-162.86005,54.425452],[-162.801865,54.48944]]],[[[-170.286318,57.128169],[-170.311707,57.219122],[-170.161647,57.229656],[-170.286318,57.128169]]],[[[178.785825,51.633434],[179.462765,51.376176],[178.634021,51.623981],[178.785825,51.633434]]],[[[-176.762478,51.867878],[-176.789558,51.957211],[-176.603598,51.997056],[-176.543309,51.838624],[-176.268243,51.785498],[-176.930952,51.59247],[-176.918065,51.788003],[-176.762478,51.867878]]],[[[-177.800647,51.778294],[-177.909185,51.596671],[-178.172666,51.839985],[-177.615311,51.85508],[-177.800647,51.778294]]],[[[-177.360408,51.727533],[-177.631523,51.696844],[-177.099266,51.936119],[-177.13096,51.762772],[-177.360408,51.727533]]],[[[177.601645,52.016377],[177.235523,51.87326],[177.661607,52.112746],[177.601645,52.016377]]],[[[179.758993,51.946595],[179.649484,51.87367],[179.482464,51.982834],[179.758993,51.946595]]],[[[-174.301818,52.278949],[-174.408277,52.289872],[-174.185347,52.417788],[-173.989415,52.325275],[-174.177679,52.233638],[-174.090169,52.139119],[-175.27485,52.018619],[-174.301818,52.278949]]],[[[-173.602446,52.153773],[-173.019588,52.097881],[-173.511915,52.031278],[-174.04675,52.122403],[-173.602446,52.153773]]],[[[173.587554,52.476785],[173.769503,52.512072],[173.725696,52.356579],[173.3955,52.402647],[173.587554,52.476785]]],[[[172.763366,52.823656],[172.469022,52.911337],[173.107249,52.993228],[173.421682,52.845477],[172.763366,52.823656]]],[[[-168.211705,53.256184],[-169.041338,52.839348],[-168.617143,53.260985],[-168.366519,53.252024],[-168.315847,53.481729],[-167.816998,53.517947],[-167.872879,53.36736],[-168.211705,53.256184]]],[[[-166.728918,54.003111],[-166.57509,53.879236],[-166.373689,54.01003],[-166.210964,53.933557],[-166.547438,53.749404],[-166.119922,53.855048],[-166.111317,53.776856],[-166.656234,53.487119],[-167.798984,53.284757],[-167.102305,53.515077],[-167.16164,53.605909],[-167.041245,53.707929],[-166.779991,53.719126],[-167.141966,53.826932],[-166.728918,54.003111]]],[[[-169.553937,56.608682],[-169.473138,56.601741],[-169.75575,56.591922],[-169.553937,56.608682]]],[[[-165.721389,60.16962],[-165.539367,59.965175],[-166.157071,59.748886],[-167.111785,59.989349],[-167.421489,60.205431],[-166.847438,60.213592],[-166.124379,60.414253],[-165.697326,60.297238],[-165.721389,60.16962]]],[[[-173.052751,60.515252],[-172.951862,60.605671],[-172.269754,60.333887],[-172.595895,60.318233],[-173.052751,60.515252]]],[[[-160.918586,58.746935],[-160.700627,58.817368],[-160.880515,58.581325],[-161.07563,58.549916],[-160.918586,58.746935]]],[[[-151.930565,60.51632],[-151.839194,60.485862],[-152.079995,60.341191],[-151.930565,60.51632]]],[[[-131.246018,54.989555],[-131.253671,54.866779],[-131.469097,54.913153],[-131.246018,54.989555]]],[[[-131.759896,55.381845],[-131.748334,55.128588],[-131.870568,55.364553],[-131.759896,55.381845]]],[[[-158.800682,55.891025],[-158.7036,55.841532],[-158.889198,55.810123],[-158.800682,55.891025]]],[[[-131.56956,55.284114],[-131.350575,55.067042],[-131.579882,55.017576],[-131.56956,55.284114]]],[[[-133.344847,55.569327],[-133.289854,55.50187],[-133.609073,55.241486],[-133.690174,55.304409],[-133.733029,55.558757],[-133.644202,55.470815],[-133.344847,55.569327]]],[[[-133.104304,55.426907],[-133.416549,55.739647],[-133.701152,55.78516],[-133.347915,55.803943],[-133.384089,55.87677],[-133.799931,55.925349],[-133.548802,56.14284],[-133.593728,56.352192],[-133.094977,56.250583],[-132.146062,55.470346],[-132.514798,55.576767],[-132.608786,55.486348],[-132.408317,55.512522],[-132.166857,55.363039],[-132.214912,55.2457],[-131.979818,55.211787],[-132.180334,55.015557],[-131.984592,55.027978],[-131.999591,54.731975],[-132.142277,54.691674],[-132.55839,54.932612],[-132.598675,55.150482],[-132.748854,54.996007],[-133.119294,55.251405],[-132.909706,54.923594],[-132.650001,54.904387],[-132.676226,54.680865],[-132.866355,54.700386],[-133.21042,55.040269],[-133.223791,55.229317],[-133.473593,55.255547],[-133.021557,55.366336],[-133.104304,55.426907]]],[[[-147.483828,60.618636],[-147.487635,60.728092],[-147.3087,60.665274],[-147.483828,60.618636]]],[[[-147.217704,60.293504],[-146.962633,60.311911],[-147.533041,59.852401],[-147.912883,59.79224],[-147.217704,60.293504]]],[[[-147.562801,60.579821],[-147.720124,60.202002],[-147.908985,60.224359],[-147.782548,60.4833],[-147.562801,60.579821]]],[[[-132.977163,56.439673],[-132.634335,56.422174],[-132.662081,56.274795],[-133.010587,56.309492],[-132.977163,56.439673]]],[[[-135.631777,58.380673],[-135.538502,58.337842],[-135.727908,58.365444],[-135.631777,58.380673]]],[[[-134.713987,58.220748],[-134.215981,58.162128],[-133.832895,57.635733],[-134.202353,57.90633],[-133.870327,57.381298],[-134.565687,57.023737],[-134.646773,57.226327],[-134.578511,57.400291],[-134.486023,57.372492],[-134.969189,58.367542],[-134.713987,58.220748]]],[[[-155.656727,55.860872],[-155.564404,55.809476],[-155.718593,55.772356],[-155.656727,55.860872]]],[[[-152.24289,58.241192],[-152.265111,58.135732],[-152.562829,58.177979],[-152.706831,58.050577],[-153.075746,58.099571],[-152.876788,58.002307],[-152.982406,57.984697],[-153.419783,58.059638],[-153.156402,58.090087],[-153.209672,58.15035],[-152.610955,58.475775],[-152.56771,58.621304],[-152.354709,58.63828],[-152.493991,58.354684],[-152.328063,58.434372],[-151.964103,58.269049],[-152.081083,58.154275],[-152.24289,58.241192]]],[[[-153.940505,56.558317],[-154.343096,56.510171],[-154.223759,56.612955],[-153.940505,56.558317]]],[[[-152.417424,57.815464],[-152.324284,57.824444],[-152.468172,57.600996],[-152.179531,57.624809],[-152.323683,57.467861],[-152.9663,57.51217],[-152.601148,57.382165],[-153.079288,57.32196],[-152.97091,57.282624],[-153.163333,57.216713],[-152.874839,57.16095],[-153.301142,56.991192],[-153.328206,57.141993],[-153.675981,57.06983],[-153.543429,56.995245],[-153.97178,56.744861],[-154.129017,56.742168],[-153.804787,57.113158],[-154.298965,56.846479],[-154.574343,57.239919],[-154.777368,57.280008],[-154.629678,57.510197],[-154.22566,57.661366],[-153.994572,57.656905],[-153.802932,57.350896],[-153.877756,57.629529],[-153.667261,57.639008],[-153.93522,57.813047],[-153.721176,57.890615],[-153.557647,57.734741],[-153.324872,57.831048],[-153.528697,57.921717],[-153.469421,57.977282],[-153.127278,57.856748],[-153.299009,57.985626],[-152.723425,57.99172],[-152.904312,57.750825],[-152.415177,57.973081],[-152.324103,57.916604],[-152.417424,57.815464]]],[[[-134.283312,55.925175],[-134.173104,55.918519],[-134.327238,55.83644],[-134.283312,55.925175]]],[[[-134.121514,56.069847],[-134.224073,56.065223],[-134.292353,56.352644],[-134.067466,56.390987],[-134.089604,56.472582],[-134.401407,56.725419],[-134.339168,56.90183],[-134.19095,56.861675],[-134.273113,56.933823],[-133.76778,56.780469],[-133.713331,56.598298],[-133.895746,56.511217],[-133.971228,56.083293],[-134.054411,56.224854],[-134.121514,56.069847]]],[[[-132.546463,56.606563],[-132.984751,56.51264],[-133.325392,56.791864],[-133.089388,56.535474],[-133.603669,56.435413],[-133.689996,56.839421],[-134.049218,57.029203],[-133.104611,57.005701],[-132.546463,56.606563]]],[[[-134.666587,56.169947],[-135.054049,56.527658],[-135.005249,56.602252],[-135.398678,56.779201],[-135.372021,57.228003],[-135.674687,57.336747],[-135.526036,57.509697],[-134.849477,57.40967],[-134.615955,56.637289],[-134.666587,56.169947]]],[[[-135.587961,57.89732],[-135.29156,57.737468],[-134.929726,57.759203],[-134.824891,57.500067],[-135.025148,57.454315],[-135.571606,57.674397],[-135.669416,57.389296],[-135.892131,57.408048],[-136.563223,58.035052],[-136.354836,58.192279],[-136.404805,58.267232],[-136.239246,58.171913],[-135.823562,58.282975],[-135.522646,58.185909],[-135.581753,57.997568],[-135.420107,58.144202],[-134.912854,57.979287],[-135.140674,57.926114],[-134.991819,57.835436],[-135.19896,57.775092],[-135.587961,57.89732]]],[[[-135.703464,57.32204],[-135.575722,57.104231],[-135.854131,56.995043],[-135.755997,57.121225],[-135.849974,57.265895],[-135.703464,57.32204]]],[[[-162.587754,63.275727],[-162.252411,63.541753],[-161.310181,63.471312],[-160.809089,63.731332],[-160.976038,64.235761],[-161.492926,64.407851],[-161.388621,64.532783],[-161.024185,64.499719],[-160.783398,64.71716],[-161.149655,64.911985],[-161.42986,64.759027],[-162.188146,64.672395],[-162.790167,64.325182],[-162.940776,64.542417],[-163.217757,64.632062],[-163.311983,64.58828],[-163.033231,64.519314],[-163.175336,64.399334],[-163.597834,64.563356],[-165.001961,64.433917],[-166.189546,64.575798],[-166.451788,64.691761],[-166.410198,64.827968],[-166.530518,64.937114],[-166.911922,65.125965],[-166.521506,65.149242],[-166.439404,65.319058],[-167.398458,65.400259],[-168.127044,65.626584],[-165.80503,66.33331],[-164.400727,66.58111],[-163.754171,66.551284],[-163.904813,66.230303],[-164.046937,66.209404],[-163.623921,66.058281],[-161.838018,66.022582],[-161.548429,66.239912],[-161.067871,66.235164],[-161.360743,66.375943],[-161.912946,66.344436],[-161.87488,66.511446],[-162.501415,66.742503],[-162.601052,66.898455],[-162.271769,66.904144],[-162.013623,66.779406],[-162.033156,66.631585],[-161.624334,66.450143],[-161.326349,66.478371],[-161.86618,66.704978],[-161.719587,66.916898],[-161.485121,66.945647],[-161.62216,67.008146],[-163.69887,67.114443],[-163.878781,67.416125],[-164.209816,67.639079],[-166.784578,68.340431],[-166.305962,68.46154],[-166.222496,68.860441],[-163.973678,68.985044],[-163.137614,69.352178],[-163.016456,69.538142],[-163.118176,69.589156],[-162.916958,69.692512],[-163.010545,69.728109],[-161.922949,70.291599],[-160.839536,70.344534],[-159.209082,70.870067],[-159.132483,70.828359],[-159.290577,70.811262],[-159.13779,70.758609],[-157.768452,70.875842],[-156.56865,71.352561],[-155.513987,71.096794],[-155.95205,70.964831],[-155.969194,70.827982],[-155.543031,70.847175],[-155.03174,71.146473],[-154.61605,71.026182],[-154.577386,70.835335],[-154.181863,70.768325],[-153.23848,70.922467],[-152.259966,70.84282],[-152.187197,70.801546],[-152.471531,70.68884],[-152.433781,70.616926],[-151.695162,70.549675],[-151.91921,70.472686],[-151.844375,70.434959],[-149.461755,70.518271],[-147.681722,70.199954],[-145.842689,70.164102],[-144.902304,69.96451],[-143.574986,70.154598],[-142.746807,70.042531],[-141.377718,69.634631],[-141.002672,69.645609],[-141.00184,60.306105],[-139.989142,60.18524],[-139.738924,60.31842],[-139.086669,60.357654],[-139.200346,60.090701],[-137.604277,59.243057],[-137.526424,58.906834],[-136.581521,59.164909],[-136.474326,59.464194],[-136.234229,59.524731],[-136.256889,59.623646],[-135.477436,59.799626],[-135.254125,59.701339],[-135.027456,59.563692],[-134.961972,59.280376],[-134.702383,59.247836],[-134.250526,58.858046],[-133.379908,58.427909],[-133.461475,58.385526],[-132.29792,57.269469],[-132.371312,57.095229],[-132.051044,57.051155],[-132.080262,56.850926],[-131.9301,56.835211],[-131.849898,56.661227],[-130.102761,56.116696],[-130.023189,55.930665],[-130.150595,55.767031],[-129.982348,55.302079],[-130.409764,54.881192],[-130.854966,54.766341],[-131.093806,55.191335],[-130.925069,55.300713],[-130.901872,55.69738],[-131.093956,55.895675],[-131.243491,55.973689],[-130.94683,55.650716],[-130.959772,55.315892],[-131.000594,55.398012],[-131.160492,55.197481],[-131.263089,55.208318],[-131.191595,55.360527],[-131.402931,55.238065],[-131.828446,55.445214],[-131.664629,55.581525],[-131.713742,55.853263],[-131.828176,55.877284],[-131.936689,55.535151],[-132.183207,55.588128],[-132.283594,55.761774],[-132.067412,55.875078],[-131.943402,56.192557],[-132.320487,55.887648],[-132.708697,56.112124],[-132.543076,56.332276],[-132.382793,56.299203],[-132.394268,56.485579],[-132.204367,56.372086],[-132.371589,56.672473],[-132.528446,56.702056],[-132.432385,56.782385],[-132.770404,56.837486],[-132.91197,56.966651],[-132.813684,57.030218],[-133.466932,57.159356],[-133.489738,57.305192],[-133.287052,57.30292],[-133.475998,57.380394],[-133.478086,57.56173],[-133.66439,57.611707],[-133.65855,57.707924],[-133.234598,57.608749],[-134.049603,58.062027],[-134.087674,58.181952],[-134.631203,58.247446],[-135.368331,59.263275],[-135.295084,59.08761],[-135.38931,58.990528],[-135.142322,58.61637],[-135.056227,58.189884],[-135.433061,58.399899],[-135.90731,58.380839],[-136.120307,58.968418],[-136.150772,58.757266],[-136.247343,58.752935],[-136.877826,58.962392],[-136.928643,58.900131],[-136.463258,58.781607],[-136.422309,58.647412],[-136.246368,58.663185],[-136.041818,58.380161],[-136.70125,58.219416],[-137.608804,58.601234],[-138.131,59.002613],[-139.855565,59.53666],[-139.51818,59.687814],[-139.625896,59.904084],[-139.486032,60.012407],[-140.272266,59.700609],[-141.423134,59.877329],[-141.299609,59.937397],[-141.384318,60.071598],[-141.73624,59.961905],[-142.698419,60.093333],[-144.035037,60.020202],[-144.59088,59.795581],[-144.052539,60.041759],[-144.892815,60.292821],[-144.964135,60.444466],[-145.113885,60.300978],[-145.9469,60.455395],[-145.712891,60.583249],[-146.689523,60.271279],[-146.637783,60.467178],[-145.795141,60.601121],[-145.841742,60.685893],[-146.253471,60.622315],[-146.101458,60.719277],[-146.191553,60.73199],[-146.668151,60.692761],[-146.183555,60.846969],[-146.262969,60.867787],[-146.801009,60.80516],[-146.653827,61.047752],[-146.262451,61.090246],[-146.613659,61.118799],[-147.378483,60.877845],[-147.525453,60.896057],[-147.514173,61.096127],[-147.66899,60.841563],[-148.134384,60.791268],[-147.715826,61.249669],[-148.426951,60.827113],[-148.384491,60.687754],[-148.148059,60.758536],[-148.091712,60.676249],[-148.30652,60.550702],[-148.115163,60.596029],[-147.942106,60.444029],[-148.025994,60.279029],[-148.171278,60.335266],[-148.362497,60.221849],[-147.913221,60.132576],[-148.016432,59.999344],[-147.848469,60.078962],[-147.917935,59.985997],[-148.225235,59.950195],[-148.148011,59.994952],[-148.274241,60.013318],[-148.293213,60.151289],[-148.401601,59.9976],[-149.133115,60.044918],[-149.287588,59.906506],[-149.341584,60.076762],[-149.584254,59.866905],[-149.526358,59.703258],[-149.666147,59.850527],[-149.746364,59.860881],[-149.74622,59.637585],[-150.028296,59.788652],[-149.928962,59.723245],[-150.392481,59.387265],[-150.316945,59.585285],[-150.478742,59.458498],[-150.547729,59.590331],[-150.942212,59.233136],[-151.915684,59.227522],[-151.991618,59.313617],[-151.826047,59.439049],[-151.272459,59.555823],[-150.927312,59.793431],[-151.503822,59.633662],[-151.829137,59.720151],[-151.71801,60.009473],[-151.30609,60.387257],[-151.40927,60.720558],[-150.353702,61.031822],[-150.217179,60.930001],[-149.111617,60.878949],[-150.039304,61.144291],[-149.429513,61.447165],[-149.542776,61.489995],[-149.919682,61.26347],[-150.646221,61.296689],[-151.783271,60.868713],[-151.702833,60.727778],[-151.860179,60.753282],[-152.309221,60.506384],[-152.234199,60.393888],[-152.715881,60.241274],[-152.596784,60.101071],[-152.745083,59.904232],[-153.225937,59.858343],[-153.021945,59.834133],[-153.214156,59.634271],[-153.366613,59.633729],[-153.439977,59.784652],[-153.577828,59.555991],[-154.087803,59.367967],[-154.260121,59.14302],[-153.254798,58.861756],[-153.445002,58.70931],[-153.851432,58.611872],[-154.291163,58.13568],[-154.990431,58.013424],[-155.37861,57.710766],[-155.617188,57.769715],[-155.731412,57.555546],[-156.044031,57.564455],[-156.036722,57.470941],[-156.481632,57.338705],[-156.551239,57.2908],[-156.336427,57.336081],[-156.355401,57.159679],[-156.5472,56.986488],[-157.201724,56.767511],[-157.45759,56.848204],[-157.536486,56.615317],[-158.042012,56.596744],[-157.859766,56.483668],[-158.402954,56.455193],[-158.498837,56.38011],[-158.112718,56.240286],[-158.475258,56.093405],[-158.417889,56.036796],[-158.575042,56.121129],[-158.737009,55.953313],[-159.472801,55.83905],[-159.696713,55.573306],[-159.627482,55.803248],[-159.81107,55.85657],[-160.410823,55.66538],[-160.481633,55.489068],[-160.909625,55.52414],[-161.231535,55.357452],[-161.445196,55.368103],[-161.376102,55.569794],[-161.587047,55.62006],[-161.878076,55.223599],[-162.041236,55.236806],[-162.053281,55.074212],[-162.489735,55.064849],[-162.4168,55.104096],[-162.584872,55.298386],[-162.692309,55.197313],[-162.569289,54.97124],[-162.881639,54.934785],[-163.165036,55.099214],[-163.226313,55.042694],[-163.067008,54.979302],[-163.373207,54.800841],[-163.057228,54.688101],[-163.344791,54.751211],[-163.572383,54.623211],[-164.179617,54.599188],[-164.41682,54.431713],[-164.844931,54.417583],[-164.949781,54.575697],[-164.48678,54.922441],[-163.568159,55.049145],[-163.318885,54.88012],[-163.268767,55.145465],[-162.86152,55.198339],[-161.816225,55.888993],[-160.898682,55.999014],[-160.814205,55.953834],[-160.940845,55.822529],[-160.806014,55.738241],[-160.668102,55.723556],[-160.769155,55.858268],[-160.293924,55.765556],[-160.273176,55.856881],[-160.534541,55.989498],[-160.357156,56.279582],[-158.957471,56.851184],[-158.660298,56.789015],[-158.659945,57.034585],[-158.376249,57.265542],[-157.786046,57.542189],[-157.573472,57.522732],[-157.703782,57.721768],[-157.596601,58.08867],[-157.39735,58.173383],[-157.524477,58.414506],[-156.980888,58.891031],[-158.190283,58.61371],[-158.512547,58.78311],[-158.487015,58.999872],[-158.179588,59.012245],[-158.522231,59.021763],[-158.789632,58.814257],[-158.827852,58.626432],[-158.704052,58.482759],[-158.880927,58.39067],[-159.657362,58.938712],[-159.908386,58.779903],[-160.322922,58.953953],[-160.31778,59.070477],[-161.751999,58.551842],[-162.171722,58.648441],[-161.769501,58.774937],[-161.828171,59.062702],[-162.048584,59.254177],[-161.738312,59.46701],[-162.453176,60.27854],[-162.1724,60.624038],[-162.571198,60.25189],[-162.453176,60.197639],[-162.503647,59.99923],[-163.349027,59.81989],[-164.079837,59.828034],[-164.1916,60.024496],[-165.129403,60.433707],[-164.961439,60.508391],[-165.362975,60.506866],[-164.97125,60.711434],[-164.945958,60.92106],[-165.132488,60.850145],[-165.194945,60.9739],[-164.87045,61.079564],[-165.2897,61.181714],[-165.403007,61.06706],[-165.578127,61.100361],[-165.662892,61.29457],[-165.921194,61.40308],[-165.767226,61.45695],[-165.807627,61.529171],[-166.165232,61.550618],[-166.158976,61.700437],[-165.82214,61.67061],[-166.092081,61.800733],[-165.640216,61.848041],[-165.706155,62.108365],[-164.837703,62.685267],[-164.783858,62.946154],[-164.493118,63.17767],[-164.066991,63.262276],[-163.316203,63.037763],[-162.587754,63.275727]]],[[[-169.267598,63.343995],[-168.692939,63.302282],[-168.818344,63.163224],[-169.396308,63.136617],[-169.638309,62.937527],[-170.512102,63.341881],[-171.067663,63.424579],[-171.433319,63.307578],[-171.849984,63.485039],[-171.699647,63.781728],[-170.950817,63.570127],[-170.281988,63.68502],[-169.974858,63.470618],[-169.267598,63.343995]]],[[[-162.614621,63.621832],[-162.341892,63.594062],[-162.676581,63.555648],[-162.614621,63.621832]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Alaska\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"401","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5180e7e6e4b0df838b924d63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Derksen, Dirk V. dderksen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"Dirk","email":"dderksen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":95002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J. Christian","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Petrula, Michael J.","contributorId":22652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petrula","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Scotton, Bradley D.","contributorId":89427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scotton","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":478130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sowl, Kristine M.","contributorId":60372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sowl","given":"Kristine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12598,"text":"Izembek National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":478128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wege, Michael L.","contributorId":78629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wege","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Trust, Kimberly A.","contributorId":42503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trust","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":478127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70173567,"text":"70173567 - 2010 - Age-specific survival estimates of King Eiders derived from satellite telemetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T14:59:01","indexId":"70173567","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age-specific survival estimates of King Eiders derived from satellite telemetry","docAbstract":"Age- and sex-specific survival and dispersal are important components in the dynamics and genetic structure of bird populations. For many avian taxa survival rates at the adult and juvenile life stages differ, but in long-lived species juveniles' survival is logistically challenging to study. We present the first estimates of hatch-year annual survival rates for a sea duck, the King Eider (Somateria spectabilis), estimated from satellite telemetry. From 2006 to 2008 we equipped pre-fiedging King Eiders with satellite transmitters on breeding grounds in Alaska and estimated annual survival rates during their first 2 years of life with known-fate models. We compared those estimates to survival rates of adults marked in the same area from 2002 to 2008. Hatch-year survival varied by season during the first year of life, and model-averaged annual survival rate was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.48–0.80). We did not record any mortality during the second year and were therefore unable to estimate second-year survival rate. Adults' survival rate was constant through the year (0.94, 95% CI: 0.86–0.97). No birds appeared to breed during their second summer. While 88% of females with an active transmitter (n = 9) returned to their natal area at the age of 2 years, none of the 2-year old males (n = 3) did. This pattern indicates that females' natal philopatry is high and suggests that males' higher rates of dispersal may account for sex-specific differences in apparent survival rates of juvenile sea ducks when estimated with mark—recapture methods.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bioone","doi":"10.1525/cond.2010.090199","usgsCitation":"Oppel, S., and Powell, A.N., 2010, Age-specific survival estimates of King Eiders derived from satellite telemetry: Condor, v. 112, no. 2, p. 323-330, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2010.090199.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"330","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-017081","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475878,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2010.090199","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323406,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a932fe4b04f417c27511e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oppel, Steffen","contributorId":44432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oppel","given":"Steffen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, Abby N. 0000-0002-9783-134X abby_powell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-134X","contributorId":171426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Abby","email":"abby_powell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70136161,"text":"70136161 - 2010 - Morbillivirus and Toxoplasma exposure and association with hematological parameters for southern Beaufort Sea polar bears: potential response to infectious agents in a sentinel species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T18:15:03","indexId":"70136161","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1443,"text":"EcoHealth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morbillivirus and Toxoplasma exposure and association with hematological parameters for southern Beaufort Sea polar bears: potential response to infectious agents in a sentinel species","docAbstract":"Arctic temperatures are increasing in response to greenhouse gas forcing and polar bears have already responded to changing conditions. Declines in body stature and vital rates have been linked to warming-induced loss of sea-ice. As food webs change and human activities respond to a milder Arctic, exposure of polar bears and other arctic marine organisms to infectious agents may increase. Because of the polar bear’s status as arctic ecosystem sentinel, polar bear health could provide an index of changing pathogen occurrence throughout the Arctic, however, exposure and monitoring protocols have yet to be established. We examine prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii, and four morbilliviruses (canine distemper [CDV], phocine distemper [PDV], dolphin morbillivirus [DMV], porpoise morbillivirus [PMV]) including risk factors for exposure. We also examine the relationships between antibody levels and hematologic values established in the previous companion article. Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and morbilliviruses were found in both sample years. We found a significant inverse relationship between CDV titer and total leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils, and a significant positive relationship between eosinophils and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. Morbilliviral prevalence varied significantly among age cohorts, with 1–2 year olds least likely to be seropositive and bears aged 5–7 most likely. Data suggest that the presence of CDV and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies is associated with polar bear hematologic values. We conclude that exposure to CDV-like antigen is not randomly distributed among age classes and suggest that differing behaviors among life history stages may drive probability of specific antibody presence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10393-010-0323-0","usgsCitation":"Kirk, C.M., Amstrup, S.C., Swor, R., Holcomb, D., and O'Hara, T., 2010, Morbillivirus and Toxoplasma exposure and association with hematological parameters for southern Beaufort Sea polar bears: potential response to infectious agents in a sentinel species: EcoHealth, v. 7, no. 3, p. 321-331, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-010-0323-0.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"321","endPage":"331","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-018390","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296970,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c04e4b08de9379b35e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirk, Cassandra M.","contributorId":103122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirk","given":"Cassandra","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swor, Rhonda","contributorId":79337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swor","given":"Rhonda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holcomb, Darce","contributorId":77392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holcomb","given":"Darce","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O'Hara, Todd M.","contributorId":34768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O'Hara","given":"Todd M.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037253,"text":"70037253 - 2010 - Characterization of pyroclastic deposits and pre-eruptive soils following the 2008 eruption of Kasatochi Island Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037253","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of pyroclastic deposits and pre-eruptive soils following the 2008 eruption of Kasatochi Island Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"The 78 August 2008 eruption of Kasatochi Island volcano blanketed the island in newly generated pyroclastic deposits and deposited ash into the ocean and onto nearby islands. Concentrations of water soluble Fe, Cu, and Zn determined from a 1:20 deionized water leachate of the ash were sufficient to provide short-term fertilization of the surface ocean. The 2008 pyroclastic deposits were thicker in concavities at bases of steeper slopes and thinner on steep slopes and ridge crests. By summer 2009, secondary erosion had exposed the pre-eruption soils along gulley walls and in gully bottoms on the southern and eastern slopes, respectively. Topographic and microtopographic position altered the depositional patterns of the pyroclastic flows and resulted in pre-eruption soils being buried by as little as 1 m of ash. The different erosion patterns gave rise to three surfaces on which future ecosystems will likely develop: largely pre-eruptive soils; fresh pyroclastic deposits influenced by shallowly buried, pre-eruptive soil; and thick (>1 m) pyroclastic deposits. As expected, the chemical composition differed between the pyroclastic deposits and the pre-eruptive soils. Pre-eruptive soils hold stocks of C and N important for establishing biota that are lacking in the fresh pyroclastic deposits. The pyroclastic deposits are a source for P and K but have negligible nutrient holding capacity, making these elements vulnerable to leaching loss. Consequently, the pre-eruption soils may also represent an important long-term P and K source. ?? 2010 Regents of the University of Colorado.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.276","issn":"15230430","usgsCitation":"Wang, B., Michaelson, G., Ping, C., Plumlee, G., and Hageman, P., 2010, Characterization of pyroclastic deposits and pre-eruptive soils following the 2008 eruption of Kasatochi Island Volcano, Alaska: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 42, no. 3, p. 276-284, https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.276.","startPage":"276","endPage":"284","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475836,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.276","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245221,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217286,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.276"}],"volume":"42","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4d6e4b0c8380cd4bf5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, B.","contributorId":29011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michaelson, G.","contributorId":30851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaelson","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ping, C.-L.","contributorId":60843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ping","given":"C.-L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Plumlee, G.","contributorId":58124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hageman, P. 0000-0002-3440-2150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-2150","contributorId":92521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hageman","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037377,"text":"70037377 - 2010 - Reduced body size and cub recruitment in polar bears associated with sea ice decline","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T16:21:19","indexId":"70037377","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reduced body size and cub recruitment in polar bears associated with sea ice decline","docAbstract":"Rates of reproduction and survival are dependent upon adequate body size and condition of individuals. Declines in size and condition have provided early indicators of population decline in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) near the southern extreme of their range. We tested whether patterns in body size, condition, and cub recruitment of polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea of Alaska were related to the availability of preferred sea ice habitats and whether these measures and habitat availability exhibited trends over time, between 1982 and 2006. The mean skull size and body length of all polar bears over three years of age declined over time, corresponding with long‐term declines in the spatial and temporal availability of sea ice habitat. Body size of young, growing bears declined over time and was smaller after years when sea ice availability was reduced. Reduced litter mass and numbers of yearlings per female following years with lower availability of optimal sea ice habitat, suggest reduced reproductive output and juvenile survival. These results, based on analysis of a long‐term data set, suggest that declining sea ice is associated with nutritional limitations that reduced body size and reproduction in this population.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/08-1036.1","usgsCitation":"Rode, K.D., Amstrup, S.C., and Regehr, E.V., 2010, Reduced body size and cub recruitment in polar bears associated with sea ice decline: Ecological Applications, v. 20, no. 3, p. 768-782, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1036.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"768","endPage":"782","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245195,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a3c5e4b0e8fec6cdb97c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":460761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Regehr, Eric V. 0000-0003-4487-3105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-3105","contributorId":66364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regehr","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":460762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70037254,"text":"70037254 - 2010 - Limited evidence of trans-hemispheric movement of avian influenza viruses among contemporary North American shorebird isolates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T18:37:30","indexId":"70037254","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3699,"text":"Virus Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limited evidence of trans-hemispheric movement of avian influenza viruses among contemporary North American shorebird isolates","docAbstract":"Migratory routes of gulls, terns, and shorebirds (Charadriiformes) are known to cross hemispheric boundaries and intersect with outbreak areas of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). Prior assessments of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) among species of this taxonomic order found some evidence for trans-hemispheric movement of virus genes. To specifically clarify the role of shorebird species in the trans-hemispheric movement of influenza viruses, assess the temporal variation of Eurasian lineages observed previously among North American shorebirds, and evaluate the necessity for continued sampling of these birds for HPAI in North America, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis of >700 contemporary sequences isolated between 2000 and 2008. Evidence for trans-hemispheric reassortment among North American shorebird LPAI gene segments was lower (0.88%) than previous assessments and occurred only among eastern North American isolates. Furthermore, half of the reassortment events occurred in just two isolates. Unique phylogenetic placement of these samples suggests secondary infection and or involvement of other migratory species, such as gulls. Eurasian lineages observed in North American shorebirds before 2000 were not detected among contemporary samples, suggesting temporal variation of LPAI lineages. Results suggest that additional bird migration ecology and virus phylogenetics research is needed to determine the exact mechanisms by which shorebirds in eastern North America become infected with LPAI that contain Eurasian lineage genes. Because of the low prevalence of avian influenza in non-eastern North America sites, thousands more shorebirds will need to be sampled to sufficiently examine genetic diversity and trans-hemispheric exchange of LPAI viruses in these areas. Alternatively, other avian taxa with higher virus prevalence could serve as surrogates to shorebirds for optimizing regional surveillance programs for HPAI through the LPAI phylogenetic approach.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Virus Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.virusres.2009.12.002","issn":"01681702","usgsCitation":"Pearce, J.M., Ramey, A.M., Ip, S., and Gill, R., 2010, Limited evidence of trans-hemispheric movement of avian influenza viruses among contemporary North American shorebird isolates: Virus Research, v. 148, no. 1-2, p. 44-50, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2009.12.002.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"44","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217316,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2009.12.002"}],"volume":"148","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a478fe4b0c8380cd678cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037467,"text":"70037467 - 2010 - A comparison of multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal remote sensing datasets for fractional shrub canopy mapping in Arctic Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037467","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal remote sensing datasets for fractional shrub canopy mapping in Arctic Alaska","docAbstract":"Shrub cover appears to be increasing across many areas of the Arctic tundra biome, and increasing shrub cover in the Arctic has the potential to significantly impact global carbon budgets and the global climate system. For most of the Arctic, however, there is no existing baseline inventory of shrub canopy cover, as existing maps of Arctic vegetation provide little information about the density of shrub cover at a moderate spatial resolution across the region. Remotely-sensed fractional shrub canopy maps can provide this necessary baseline inventory of shrub cover. In this study, we compare the accuracy of fractional shrub canopy (> 0.5 m tall) maps derived from multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal datasets from Landsat imagery at 30 m spatial resolution, Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) imagery at 250 m and 500 m spatial resolution, and MultiAngle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) imagery at 275 m spatial resolution for a 1067 km2 study area in Arctic Alaska. The study area is centered at 69 ??N, ranges in elevation from 130 to 770 m, is composed primarily of rolling topography with gentle slopes less than 10??, and is free of glaciers and perennial snow cover. Shrubs > 0.5 m in height cover 2.9% of the study area and are primarily confined to patches associated with specific landscape features. Reference fractional shrub canopy is determined from in situ shrub canopy measurements and a high spatial resolution IKONOS image swath. Regression tree models are constructed to estimate fractional canopy cover at 250 m using different combinations of input data from Landsat, MODIS, and MISR. Results indicate that multi-spectral data provide substantially more accurate estimates of fractional shrub canopy cover than multi-angular or multi-temporal data. Higher spatial resolution datasets also provide more accurate estimates of fractional shrub canopy cover (aggregated to moderate spatial resolutions) than lower spatial resolution datasets, an expected result for a study area where most shrub cover is concentrated in narrow patches associated with rivers, drainages, and slopes. Including the middle infrared bands available from Landsat and MODIS in the regression tree models (in addition to the four standard visible and near-infrared spectral bands) typically results in a slight boost in accuracy. Including the multi-angular red band data available from MISR in the regression tree models, however, typically boosts accuracy more substantially, resulting in moderate resolution fractional shrub canopy estimates approaching the accuracy of estimates derived from the much higher spatial resolution Landsat sensor. Given the poor availability of snow and cloud-free Landsat scenes in many areas of the Arctic and the promising results demonstrated here by the MISR sensor, MISR may be the best choice for large area fractional shrub canopy mapping in the Alaskan Arctic for the period 2000-2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.012","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Selkowitz, D., 2010, A comparison of multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal remote sensing datasets for fractional shrub canopy mapping in Arctic Alaska: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 7, p. 1338-1352, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.012.","startPage":"1338","endPage":"1352","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217035,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.012"},{"id":244946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e36fe4b0c8380cd45ff9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selkowitz, D.J.","contributorId":82886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selkowitz","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70037381,"text":"70037381 - 2010 - Temporal and spatial shifts in habitat use by Black Brant immediately following flightless molt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-14T13:40:14","indexId":"70037381","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial shifts in habitat use by Black Brant immediately following flightless molt","docAbstract":"Each year thousands of Pacific Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) undergo flightless wing molt in the Teshekpuk Lake Special Area (TLSA), Alaska, in two distinct habitats: inland, freshwater lakes and coastal, brackish wetlands. Brant lose body mass during wing molt and likely must add reserves upon regaining flight to help fuel their 2,500 km migration to autumn staging areas. We characterized movements and habitat use by Brant during post-molt (the period immediately following the recovery of flight) by (1) marking individual Brant with GPS (global positioning system) transmitters, and (2) conducting a series of replicate aerial surveys. Individuals molting in inland habitats promptly abandoned their molt wetland during the post-molt and moved into coastal habitats. Consequently, inland habitats were nearly deserted by early August when Brant had regained flight, a decrease of >5,000 individuals from the flightless period of early July. Conversely, coastal molting Brant largely remained in coastal habitats during the post-molt and many coastal wetlands were occupied by large flocks (>1,000 birds). Our results indicate that inland, freshwater wetlands were less suitable post-molt habitats for Brant, while coastal wetlands were preferred as they transitioned from flightless molt. The immediacy with which Brant vacated inland habitats upon regaining flight suggests that food may be limiting during molt and they are not selecting inland molt sites strictly for food resources, but rather a balance of factors including predator avoidance and acquisition of protein for feather growth. Our data clearly demonstrate that patterns of habitat use by Brant in the TLSA change over the course of the molt season, an important consideration for management of future resource development activities in this area.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wilson Ornithological Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1676/09-114.1","issn":"15594491","usgsCitation":"Lewis, T., Flint, P.L., Schmutz, J.A., and Derksen, D.V., 2010, Temporal and spatial shifts in habitat use by Black Brant immediately following flightless molt: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 122, no. 3, p. 484-493, https://doi.org/10.1676/09-114.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"484","endPage":"493","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217323,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/09-114.1"},{"id":245262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Teshekpuk Lake Special Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -153.6368,70.4992 ], [ -153.6368,70.9987 ], [ -151.8416,70.9987 ], [ -151.8416,70.4992 ], [ -153.6368,70.4992 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"122","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba4f2e4b08c986b3206bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Tyler L.","contributorId":22904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Tyler L.","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":460787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Derksen, Dirk V. dderksen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"Dirk","email":"dderksen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037172,"text":"70037172 - 2010 - August 2008 eruption of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska-resetting an Island Landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-02T14:03:11.831162","indexId":"70037172","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"August 2008 eruption of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska-resetting an Island Landscape","docAbstract":"Kasatochi Island, the subaerial portion of a small volcano in the western Aleutian volcanic arc, erupted on 7-8 August 2008. Pyroclastic flows and surges swept the island repeatedly and buried most of it and the near-shore zone in decimeters to tens of meters of deposits. Several key seabird rookeries in taluses were rendered useless. The eruption lasted for about 24 hours and included two initial explosive pulses and pauses over a 6-hr period that produced ash-poor eruption clouds, a 10-hr period of continuous ash-rich emissions initiated by an explosive pulse and punctuated by two others, and a final 8-hr period of waning ash emissions. The deposits of the eruption include a basal muddy tephra that probably reflects initial eruptions through the shallow crater lake, a sequence of pumiceous and lithic-rich pyroclastic deposits produced by flow, surge, and fall processes during a period of energetic explosive eruption, and a fine-grained upper mantle of pyroclastic-fall and -surge deposits that probably reflects the waning eruptive stage as lake and ground water again gained access to the erupting magma. An eruption with similar impact on the island's environment had not occurred for at least several centuries. Since the 2008 eruption, the volcano has remained quiet other than emission of volcanic gases. Erosion and deposition are rapidly altering slopes and beaches. ?? 2010 Regents of the University of Colorado.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.250","issn":"15230430","usgsCitation":"Scott, W.E., Nye, C.J., Waythomas, C.F., and Neal, C.A., 2010, August 2008 eruption of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska-resetting an Island Landscape: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 42, no. 3, p. 250-259, https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.250.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"250","endPage":"259","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475828,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.250","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217022,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.250"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kasatochi volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -175.56015014648438,\n 52.14360239845529\n ],\n [\n -175.09323120117188,\n 52.14360239845529\n ],\n [\n -175.09323120117188,\n 52.247562587932386\n ],\n [\n -175.56015014648438,\n 52.247562587932386\n ],\n [\n -175.56015014648438,\n 52.14360239845529\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eee9e4b0c8380cd4a01f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nye, Christopher J.","contributorId":55418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nye","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":459729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waythomas, Christopher F. 0000-0002-3898-272X cwaythomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3898-272X","contributorId":640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waythomas","given":"Christopher","email":"cwaythomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":131135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035550,"text":"70035550 - 2010 - Ensemble habitat mapping of invasive plant species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70035550","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3300,"text":"Risk Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ensemble habitat mapping of invasive plant species","docAbstract":"Ensemble species distribution models combine the strengths of several species environmental matching models, while minimizing the weakness of any one model. Ensemble models may be particularly useful in risk analysis of recently arrived, harmful invasive species because species may not yet have spread to all suitable habitats, leaving species-environment relationships difficult to determine. We tested five individual models (logistic regression, boosted regression trees, random forest, multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), and maximum entropy model or Maxent) and ensemble modeling for selected nonnative plant species in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks, Wyoming; Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California, and areas of interior Alaska. The models are based on field data provided by the park staffs, combined with topographic, climatic, and vegetation predictors derived from satellite data. For the four invasive plant species tested, ensemble models were the only models that ranked in the top three models for both field validation and test data. Ensemble models may be more robust than individual species-environment matching models for risk analysis. ?? 2010 Society for Risk Analysis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Risk Analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01343.x","issn":"02724332","usgsCitation":"Stohlgren, T., Ma, P., Kumar, S., Rocca, M., Morisette, J., Jarnevich, C., and Benson, N., 2010, Ensemble habitat mapping of invasive plant species: Risk Analysis, v. 30, no. 2, p. 224-235, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01343.x.","startPage":"224","endPage":"235","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475842,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01343.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216505,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01343.x"},{"id":244382,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a097ee4b0c8380cd51f3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ma, P.","contributorId":53194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ma","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kumar, S.","contributorId":89843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rocca, M.","contributorId":95300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocca","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morisette, J.T.","contributorId":57029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morisette","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jarnevich, C. S.","contributorId":54932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"C. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Benson, N.","contributorId":38238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70037584,"text":"70037584 - 2010 - Considerations for developing wolf harvesting regulations in the contiguous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-14T15:01:20","indexId":"70037584","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Considerations for developing wolf harvesting regulations in the contiguous United States","docAbstract":"As gray wolves (Canis lupus) are removed from the federal Endangered Species List, management reverts to the states. Eventually most states will probably allow public wolf harvesting. Open seasons between about 1 November and 1 March accord more with basic wolf biology than during other times. Managers who consider wolf biology and public sensitivities, adapt public-taking regulations accordingly, and adjust harvest regulations as they learn will be best able to maximize the recreational value of wolf harvesting, minimize public animosity toward it, and meet their harvest objectives.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.2193/2009-540","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., 2010, Considerations for developing wolf harvesting regulations in the contiguous United States: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 74, no. 7, p. 1421-1424, https://doi.org/10.2193/2009-540.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1421","endPage":"1424","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245879,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska, Colorado, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.94580078125,\n 46.63435070293566\n ],\n [\n -85.95703125,\n 46.830133640447386\n ],\n [\n -85.1220703125,\n 46.81509864599243\n ],\n [\n -84.5068359375,\n 46.5739667965278\n ],\n [\n -84.35302734375,\n 45.98169518512228\n ],\n [\n -84.17724609375,\n 45.706179285330855\n ],\n [\n -83.78173828125,\n 45.49094569262732\n ],\n [\n -83.27636718749999,\n 45.22848059584359\n ],\n [\n -83.25439453125,\n 44.96479793033104\n ],\n [\n -83.16650390625,\n 44.59046718130883\n ],\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 44.040218713142146\n ],\n [\n -83.86962890625,\n 43.78695837311561\n ],\n [\n -83.6279296875,\n 43.73935207915473\n ],\n [\n -83.25439453125,\n 43.97700467496408\n ],\n [\n -82.96875,\n 44.166444664458595\n ],\n [\n -82.7490234375,\n 44.134913443750726\n ],\n [\n -82.50732421875,\n 43.8186748554532\n ],\n [\n -82.33154296875,\n 43.27720532212024\n ],\n [\n -82.3974609375,\n 42.73087427928485\n ],\n [\n -82.79296874999999,\n 42.407234661551875\n ],\n [\n -83.232421875,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -83.51806640624999,\n 41.68932225997044\n ],\n [\n -84.8583984375,\n 41.72213058512578\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 41.83682786072714\n ],\n [\n -86.68212890625,\n 41.83682786072714\n ],\n [\n -86.50634765625,\n 42.293564192170095\n ],\n [\n -86.4404296875,\n 42.779275360241904\n ],\n [\n -87.07763671875,\n 43.11702412135048\n ],\n [\n -87.4951171875,\n 43.213183300738876\n ],\n [\n -87.7587890625,\n 42.85985981506279\n ],\n [\n -87.8466796875,\n 42.48830197960227\n ],\n [\n -90.615234375,\n 42.53689200787317\n ],\n [\n -91.03271484375,\n 42.65012181368025\n ],\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 43.11702412135048\n ],\n [\n -91.23046875,\n 43.48481212891603\n ],\n [\n -96.48193359375,\n 43.56447158721811\n ],\n [\n -96.5478515625,\n 42.66628070564928\n ],\n [\n -96.92138671875,\n 42.73087427928485\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 42.89206418807337\n ],\n [\n -97.97607421875,\n 42.827638636242284\n ],\n [\n -98.59130859375,\n 43.02071359427862\n ],\n [\n -104.0185546875,\n 42.97250158602597\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 41.02964338716638\n ],\n [\n -102.01904296874999,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -102.06298828125,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -114.10400390625,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -114.08203125,\n 42.04929263868686\n ],\n [\n -124.34326171874999,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 42.293564192170095\n ],\n [\n -124.60693359374999,\n 42.53689200787317\n ],\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 42.71473218539458\n ],\n [\n -124.69482421875,\n 42.956422511073335\n ],\n [\n -124.38720703124999,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -124.27734374999999,\n 43.8186748554532\n ],\n [\n -124.21142578125,\n 44.4808302785626\n ],\n [\n -124.1015625,\n 45.120052841530516\n ],\n [\n -124.12353515624999,\n 45.85941212790755\n ],\n [\n -124.21142578125,\n 46.78501604269254\n ],\n [\n -124.4091796875,\n 47.487513008956554\n ],\n [\n -124.62890625,\n 47.79839667295524\n ],\n [\n -124.87060546874999,\n 48.356249029540706\n ],\n [\n -124.71679687499999,\n 48.531157010976706\n ],\n [\n -123.37646484374999,\n 48.23930899024905\n ],\n [\n -123.20068359374999,\n 48.545705491847464\n ],\n [\n -123.1787109375,\n 48.79239019646406\n ],\n [\n -123.00292968749999,\n 48.83579746243093\n ],\n [\n -123.06884765625,\n 49.023461463214126\n ],\n [\n -95.185546875,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -95.11962890625,\n 49.42526716083716\n ],\n [\n -94.6142578125,\n 49.32512199104001\n ],\n [\n -94.54833984375,\n 48.922499263758255\n ],\n [\n -94.46044921875,\n 48.79239019646406\n ],\n [\n -94.24072265625,\n 48.73445537176822\n ],\n [\n -93.7353515625,\n 48.545705491847464\n ],\n [\n -93.2080078125,\n 48.647427805533546\n ],\n [\n -92.65869140625,\n 48.60385760823255\n ],\n [\n -92.4169921875,\n 48.4146186174932\n ],\n [\n -92.13134765625,\n 48.38544219115486\n ],\n [\n -91.62597656249999,\n 48.180738507303836\n ],\n [\n -91.3623046875,\n 48.09275716032736\n ],\n [\n -90.98876953125,\n 48.268569112964336\n ],\n [\n -90.65917968749999,\n 48.180738507303836\n ],\n [\n -89.80224609374999,\n 48.06339653776211\n ],\n [\n -89.45068359374999,\n 48.019324184801185\n ],\n [\n -90.1318359375,\n 47.724544549099676\n ],\n [\n -90.63720703125,\n 47.62097541515849\n ],\n [\n -91.1865234375,\n 47.32393057095941\n ],\n [\n -91.95556640625,\n 46.86019101567027\n ],\n [\n -91.8896484375,\n 46.73986059969267\n ],\n [\n -91.69189453125,\n 46.800059446787316\n ],\n [\n -91.01074218749999,\n 46.99524110694596\n ],\n [\n -90.703125,\n 47.08508535995384\n ],\n [\n -90.50537109375,\n 47.08508535995384\n ],\n [\n -90.52734374999999,\n 47.010225655683485\n ],\n [\n -90.791015625,\n 46.800059446787316\n ],\n [\n -90.50537109375,\n 46.6795944656402\n ],\n [\n -90.263671875,\n 46.72480037466717\n ],\n [\n -89.7802734375,\n 46.965259400349275\n ],\n [\n -89.2529296875,\n 47.010225655683485\n ],\n [\n -88.74755859375,\n 47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -88.24218749999999,\n 47.56170075451973\n ],\n [\n -88.00048828124999,\n 47.54687159892238\n ],\n [\n -87.56103515625,\n 47.53203824675999\n ],\n [\n -87.802734375,\n 47.30903424774781\n ],\n [\n -88.330078125,\n 47.07012182383309\n ],\n [\n -88.17626953125,\n 47.07012182383309\n ],\n [\n -87.890625,\n 47.05515408550348\n ],\n [\n -87.3193359375,\n 46.694667307773116\n ],\n [\n -86.94580078125,\n 46.63435070293566\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -142.91015625,\n 70.28911664330674\n ],\n [\n -144.4921875,\n 70.28911664330674\n ],\n [\n -145.72265625,\n 70.19999407534661\n ],\n [\n -147.48046875,\n 70.31873847853122\n ],\n [\n -150.82031249999997,\n 70.61261423801925\n ],\n [\n -153.72070312499997,\n 71.01695975726373\n ],\n [\n -155.390625,\n 71.24435551310671\n ],\n [\n -157.32421875,\n 71.41317683396566\n ],\n [\n -158.466796875,\n 71.10254274232307\n ],\n [\n -161.89453125,\n 70.69995129442536\n ],\n [\n -163.828125,\n 70.0205873017406\n ],\n [\n -164.53125,\n 69.31832006949072\n ],\n [\n -167.431640625,\n 69.00567519658819\n ],\n [\n -167.34375,\n 68.17155518732503\n ],\n [\n -164.970703125,\n 67.57571741708057\n ],\n [\n -163.125,\n 66.79190947341796\n ],\n [\n -162.59765625,\n 66.37275500247458\n ],\n [\n -164.00390625,\n 66.44310650816469\n ],\n [\n -164.35546875,\n 66.75724984139227\n ],\n [\n -166.81640625,\n 66.26685631430843\n ],\n [\n -169.1015625,\n 65.58572002329473\n ],\n [\n -167.431640625,\n 64.99793920061401\n ],\n [\n -166.728515625,\n 64.20637724320852\n ],\n [\n -164.61914062499997,\n 64.28275952823394\n ],\n [\n -163.037109375,\n 64.28275952823394\n ],\n [\n -161.806640625,\n 64.35893097894458\n ],\n [\n -161.455078125,\n 63.82128765261384\n ],\n [\n -162.59765625,\n 63.78248603116502\n ],\n [\n -163.212890625,\n 63.54855223203644\n ],\n [\n -164.794921875,\n 63.470144746565445\n ],\n [\n -166.11328125,\n 62.471723714758724\n ],\n [\n -166.904296875,\n 60.80206374467983\n ],\n [\n -167.87109375,\n 60.02095215374802\n ],\n [\n -166.025390625,\n 59.355596110016315\n ],\n [\n -164.61914062499997,\n 59.712097173322924\n ],\n [\n -162.861328125,\n 59.40036514079251\n ],\n [\n -162.421875,\n 58.81374171570782\n ],\n [\n -160.83984375,\n 58.309488840677645\n ],\n [\n -159.873046875,\n 58.44773280389084\n ],\n [\n -157.85156249999997,\n 58.263287052486035\n ],\n [\n -158.90625,\n 57.32652122521709\n ],\n [\n -164.794921875,\n 55.37911044801047\n ],\n [\n -170.68359375,\n 53.22576843579022\n ],\n [\n -178.2421875,\n 52.696361078274485\n ],\n [\n -183.779296875,\n 53.067626642387374\n ],\n [\n -186.943359375,\n 53.48804553605622\n ],\n [\n -189.31640625,\n 52.908902047770276\n ],\n [\n -184.04296875,\n 51.28940590271679\n ],\n [\n -174.462890625,\n 50.958426723359935\n ],\n [\n -163.828125,\n 53.48804553605622\n ],\n [\n -156.62109374999997,\n 54.826007999094955\n ],\n [\n -152.666015625,\n 56.80087831233043\n ],\n [\n -150.205078125,\n 58.768200159239576\n ],\n [\n -146.513671875,\n 59.7563950493563\n ],\n [\n -143.876953125,\n 59.265880628258095\n ],\n [\n -142.55859375,\n 59.7563950493563\n ],\n [\n -139.04296875,\n 58.768200159239576\n ],\n [\n -136.7578125,\n 57.37393841871411\n ],\n [\n -135.087890625,\n 55.32914440840507\n ],\n [\n -133.857421875,\n 54.316523240258284\n ],\n [\n -131.220703125,\n 54.213861000644926\n ],\n [\n -130.166015625,\n 54.826007999094955\n ],\n [\n -129.990234375,\n 55.727110085045986\n ],\n [\n -129.990234375,\n 56.41390137600676\n ],\n [\n -131.923828125,\n 56.80087831233043\n ],\n [\n -132.275390625,\n 57.27904276497778\n ],\n [\n -132.890625,\n 58.401711667608\n ],\n [\n -134.47265625,\n 59.40036514079251\n ],\n [\n -135.439453125,\n 59.933000423746336\n ],\n [\n -136.58203125,\n 59.57885104663186\n ],\n [\n -136.93359375,\n 59.0405546167585\n ],\n [\n -137.98828125,\n 58.90464570302001\n ],\n [\n -138.1640625,\n 59.62332522313024\n ],\n [\n -139.21874999999997,\n 60.28340847828243\n ],\n [\n -140.625,\n 60.413852350464914\n ],\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 60.413852350464914\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 69.83962194067463\n ],\n [\n -142.91015625,\n 70.28911664330674\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"74","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f9fae4b0c8380cd4d860","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70037670,"text":"70037670 - 2010 - Transmission and reassortment of avian influenza viruses at the Asian-North American interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-10T10:30:27","indexId":"70037670","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3696,"text":"Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transmission and reassortment of avian influenza viruses at the Asian-North American interface","docAbstract":"Twenty avian influenza viruses were isolated from seven wild migratory bird species sampled at St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. We tested predictions based on previous phylogenetic analyses of avian influenza viruses that support spatially dependent trans-hemispheric gene flow and frequent interspecies transmission at a location situated at the Asian–North American interface. Through the application of phylogenetic and genotypic approaches, our data support functional dilution by distance of trans-hemispheric reassortants and interspecific virus transmission. Our study confirms infection of divergent avian taxa with nearly identical avian influenza strains in the wild. Findings also suggest that H16N3 viruses may contain gene segments with unique phylogenetic positions and that further investigation of how host specificity may impact transmission of H13 and H16 viruses is warranted.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2010.07.031","issn":"00426822","usgsCitation":"Ramey, A.M., Pearce, J.M., Ely, C.R., Guy, L.M., Irons, D.B., Derksen, D.V., and Ip, S., 2010, Transmission and reassortment of avian influenza viruses at the Asian-North American interface: Virology, v. 406, no. 2, p. 352-359, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2010.07.031.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"352","endPage":"359","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475871,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2010.07.031","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218053,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2010.07.031"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"St Lawrence Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -171.7822265625,\n 63.704722429433225\n ],\n [\n -171.38671874999997,\n 63.213829705155625\n ],\n [\n -169.013671875,\n 62.75472592723178\n ],\n [\n -168.22265625,\n 63.27318217465046\n ],\n [\n -170.595703125,\n 63.78248603116502\n ],\n [\n -171.7822265625,\n 63.704722429433225\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"406","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb725e4b08c986b3270a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guy, Lisa M. Sheffield","contributorId":14234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"M. Sheffield","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Irons, David B.","contributorId":63658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Derksen, Dirk V. dderksen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"Dirk","email":"dderksen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70037676,"text":"70037676 - 2010 - Unifying quantitative life-history theory and field endocrinology to assess prudent parenthood in a long-lived seabird","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-03T15:27:59.920349","indexId":"70037676","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1604,"text":"Evolutionary Ecology Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unifying quantitative life-history theory and field endocrinology to assess prudent parenthood in a long-lived seabird","docAbstract":"Question: Can field measurements of stress hormones help us to assess the prudent parent hypothesis in a long-lived seabird?
Organism: Black-legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla.
Location: Duck and Gull Islands, Cook Inlet, Alaska, USA.
Methods: We examined the statistical relationship between the stress hormone corticosterone and mortality in black-legged kittiwakes. We built a demographic model of the kittiwake life cycle to determine whether the mortality rates associated with persisting in a breeding attempt despite high corticosterone caused the birds to sacrifice more lifetime reproductive output than they gain from one year’s breeding.
Results: The probability of apparent mortality increased with corticosterone, suggesting some birds incurred increased mortality risk for the sake of breeding. For Duck Island (low reproductive success), it appears birds sacrificed more lifetime reproductive success than a prudent parent would. On Gull Island, it appears most but possibly not all birds were behaving in ways consistent with theory, although definitive statements require larger samples of highly stressed birds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Evolutionary Ecology Ltd.","usgsCitation":"Satterthwaite, W., Kitaysky, A., Hatch, S.A., Piatt, J.F., and Mangel, M., 2010, Unifying quantitative life-history theory and field endocrinology to assess prudent parenthood in a long-lived seabird: Evolutionary Ecology Research, v. 12, no. 6, p. 779-792.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"779","endPage":"792","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":380079,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.evolutionary-ecology.com/abstracts/v12/2602.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Duck Island, Gull Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.5554656982422,\n 60.145179450123415\n ],\n [\n -152.54465103149414,\n 60.145179450123415\n ],\n [\n -152.54465103149414,\n 60.15056259396778\n ],\n [\n -152.5554656982422,\n 60.15056259396778\n ],\n [\n -152.5554656982422,\n 60.145179450123415\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148.370361328125,\n 70.36466302872434\n ],\n [\n -148.36280822753906,\n 70.36466302872434\n ],\n [\n -148.36280822753906,\n 70.36627811144407\n ],\n [\n -148.370361328125,\n 70.36627811144407\n ],\n [\n -148.370361328125,\n 70.36466302872434\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc83e4b08c986b328c8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Satterthwaite, W.H.","contributorId":107839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Satterthwaite","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kitaysky, A.S.","contributorId":104239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitaysky","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mangel, M.","contributorId":8309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangel","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}