Lakes and streams in Class 1 wilderness areas in the western United States (U.S.) are at risk from atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S), and protection of these resources is mandated under the Federal Clean Air Act and amendments. Assessment of critical loads, which are the maximum exposure to pollution an area can receive without adverse effects on sensitive ecosystems, requires accurate deposition estimates. However, deposition is difficult and expensive to measure in high-elevation wilderness, and spatial patterns in N and S deposition in these areas remain poorly quantified. In this study, ion-exchange resin (IER) collectors were used to measure dissolved inorganic N (DIN) and S deposition during June 2006–September 2007 at approximately 20 alpine/subalpine sites spanning the Continental Divide in Rocky Mountain National Park. Results indicated good agreement between deposition estimated from IER collectors and commonly used wet + dry methods during summer, but poor agreement during winter. Snowpack sampling was found to be a more accurate way of quantifying DIN and S deposition during winter. Summer DIN deposition was significantly greater on the east side of the park than on the west side (25–50%; p ≤ 0.03), consistent with transport of pollutants to the park from urban and agricultural areas to the east. Sources of atmospheric nitrate (NO3−) were examined using N isotopes. The average δ15N of NO3− from IER collectors was 3.5‰ higher during winter than during summer (p < 0.001), indicating a seasonal shift in the relative importance of regional NOxsources, such as coal combustion and vehicular sources of atmospheric NO3−. There were no significant differences in δ15N of NO3− between east and west sides of the park during summer or winter (p = 0.83), indicating that the two areas may have similar sources of atmospheric NO3−. Results from this study indicate that a combination of IER collectors and snowpack sampling can be used to characterize spatial variability in DIN and S deposition in high-elevation wilderness areas. These data can improve our ability to model critical loads by filling gaps in geographic coverage of deposition monitoring/modeling programs and thus may enable policy makers to better protect sensitive natural resources in Class 1 Wilderness areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.027","usgsCitation":"Clow, D.W., Roop, H., Nanus, L., Fenn, M., and Sexstone, G.A., 2015, Spatial patterns of atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfur using ion-exchange resin collectors in Rocky Mountain National Park, USA: Atmospheric Environment, v. 101, p. 149-157, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.027.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"157","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059891","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.027","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.90545654296875,\n 40.12429084831405\n ],\n [\n -105.90545654296875,\n 40.561807971278185\n ],\n [\n -105.4522705078125,\n 40.561807971278185\n ],\n [\n -105.4522705078125,\n 40.12429084831405\n ],\n [\n -105.90545654296875,\n 40.12429084831405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"101","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5780cebfe4b08116168223c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roop, Heidi","contributorId":64581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roop","given":"Heidi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nanus, Leora","contributorId":27930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nanus","given":"Leora","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fenn, Mark","contributorId":119427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenn","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sexstone, Graham A. 0000-0001-8913-0546 sexstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8913-0546","contributorId":5159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexstone","given":"Graham","email":"sexstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70193264,"text":"70193264 - 2015 - Reaction modeling of drainage quality in the Duluth Complex, northern Minnesota, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T14:22:53","indexId":"70193264","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Reaction modeling of drainage quality in the Duluth Complex, northern Minnesota, USA","docAbstract":"Reaction modeling can be a valuable tool in predicting the long-term behavior of waste material if representative rate constants can be derived from long-term leaching tests or other approaches. Reaction modeling using the REACT program of the Geochemist’s Workbench was conducted to evaluate long-term drainage quality affected by disseminated Cu-Ni-(Co-)-PGM sulfide mineralization in the basal zone of the Duluth Complex where significant resources have been identified. Disseminated sulfide minerals, mostly pyrrhotite and Cu-Fe sulfides, are hosted by clinopyroxene-bearing troctolites. Carbonate minerals are scarce to non-existent. Long-term simulations of up to 20 years of weathering of tailings used two different sets of rate constants: one based on published laboratory single-mineral dissolution experiments, and one based on leaching experiments using bulk material from the Duluth Complex conducted by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MNDNR). The simulations included only plagioclase, olivine, clinopyroxene, pyrrhotite, and water as starting phases. Dissolved oxygen concentrations were assumed to be in equilibrium with atmospheric oxygen. The simulations based on the published single-mineral rate constants predicted that pyrrhotite would be effectively exhausted in less than two years and pH would rise accordingly. In contrast, only 20 percent of the pyrrhotite was depleted after two years using the MNDNR rate constants. Predicted pyrrhotite depletion by the simulation based on the MNDNR rate constant matched well with published results of laboratory tests on tailings. Modeling long-term weathering of mine wastes also can provide important insights into secondary reactions that may influence the permeability of tailings and thereby affect weathering behavior. Both models predicted the precipitation of a variety of secondary phases including goethite, gibbsite, and clay (nontronite).
","conferenceTitle":"10th International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage & IMWA Annual Conference","language":"English","publisher":"IRWA","usgsCitation":"Seal, R.R., Lapakko, K., Piatak, N.M., and Woodruff, L.G., 2015, Reaction modeling of drainage quality in the Duluth Complex, northern Minnesota, USA, 10th International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage & IMWA Annual Conference, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-063220","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349147,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fec7e4b06e28e9c25357","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seal, Robert R. 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":193011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"Robert","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":250,"text":"Eastern Water Science Field Team","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lapakko, Kim","contributorId":199239,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lapakko","given":"Kim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatak, Nadine M. 0000-0002-1973-8537 npiatak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1973-8537","contributorId":193010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatak","given":"Nadine","email":"npiatak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodruff, Laurel G. 0000-0002-2514-9923 woodruff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-9923","contributorId":2224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodruff","given":"Laurel","email":"woodruff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70162148,"text":"70162148 - 2015 - REE enrichment in granite-derived regolith deposits of the southeast United States: Prospective source rocks and accumulation processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T10:36:20","indexId":"70162148","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"REE enrichment in granite-derived regolith deposits of the southeast United States: Prospective source rocks and accumulation processes","docAbstract":"The Southeastern United States contains numerous anorogenic, or A-type, granites, which constitute promising source rocks for REE-enriched ion adsorption clay deposits due to their inherently high concentrations of REE. These granites have undergone a long history of chemical weathering, resulting in thick granite-derived regoliths, akin to those of South China, which supply virtually all heavy REE and Y, and a significant portion of light REE to global markets. Detailed comparisons of granite regolith profiles formed on the Stewartsville and Striped Rock plutons, and the Robertson River batholith (Virginia) indicate that REE are mobile and can attain grades comparable to those of deposits currently mined in China. A REE-enriched parent, either A-type or I-type (highly fractionated igneous type) granite, is thought to be critical for generating the high concentrations of REE in regolith profiles. One prominent feature we recognize in many granites and mineralized regoliths is the tetrad behaviour displayed in REE chondrite-normalized patterns. Tetrad patterns in granite and regolith result from processes that promote the redistribution, enrichment, and fractionation of REE, such as late- to post- magmatic alteration of granite and silicate hydrolysis in the regolith. Thus, REE patterns showing tetrad effects may be a key for discriminating highly prospective source rocks and regoliths with potential for REE ion adsorption clay deposits.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium on strategic and critical materials proceedings (British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2015-3)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on Strategic and Critical Materials","conferenceDate":"November 13-14, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Victoria, BC","language":"English","publisher":"British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines","issn":"0381-243X","usgsCitation":"Foley, N.K., and Ayuso, R.A., 2015, REE enrichment in granite-derived regolith deposits of the southeast United States: Prospective source rocks and accumulation processes, in Symposium on strategic and critical materials proceedings (British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2015-3), Victoria, BC, November 13-14, 2015, p. 131-138.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"138","ipdsId":"IP-068337","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340151,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.empr.gov.bc.ca/Mining/Geoscience/PublicationsCatalogue/Papers/Pages/2015-3.aspx"}],"country":"United States","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ff0ea5e4b006455f2d61e6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Simandl, G.J.","contributorId":191258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simandl","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692512,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neetz, M.","contributorId":191259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neetz","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692513,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Foley, Nora K. 0000-0003-0124-3509 nfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0124-3509","contributorId":4010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Nora","email":"nfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ayuso, Robert A. 0000-0002-8496-9534 rayuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":2654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"Robert","email":"rayuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70188439,"text":"70188439 - 2015 - Cenozoic stratigraphy and structure of the Chesapeake Bay region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-10T12:02:09","indexId":"70188439","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5369,"text":"GSA Field Guides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":15}},"title":"Cenozoic stratigraphy and structure of the Chesapeake Bay region","docAbstract":"The Salisbury embayment is a broad tectonic downwarp that is filled by generally seaward-thickening, wedge-shaped deposits of the central Atlantic Coastal Plain. Our two-day field trip will take us to the western side of this embayment from the Fall Zone in Washington, D.C., to some of the bluffs along Aquia Creek and the Potomac River in Virginia, and then to the Calvert Cliffs on the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay. We will see fluvial-deltaic Cretaceous deposits of the Potomac Formation. We will then focus on Cenozoic marine deposits. Transgressive and highstand deposits are stacked upon each other with unconformities separating them; rarely are regressive or lowstand deposits preserved. The Paleocene and Eocene shallow shelf deposits consist of glauconitic, silty sands that contain varying amounts of marine shells. The Miocene shallow shelf deposits consist of diatomaceous silts and silty and shelly sands. The lithology, thickness, dip, preservation, and distribution of the succession of coastal plain sediments that were deposited in our field-trip area are, to a great extent, structurally controlled. Surficial and subsurface mapping using numerous continuous cores, auger holes, water-well data, and seismic surveys has documented some folds and numerous high-angle reverse and normal faults that offset Cretaceous and Cenozoic deposits. Many of these structures are rooted in early Mesozoic and/or Paleozoic NE-trending regional tectonic fault systems that underlie the Atlantic Coastal Plain. On Day 1, we will focus on two fault systems (stops 1–2; Stafford fault system and the Skinkers Neck–Brandywine fault system and their constituent fault zones and faults). We will then see (stops 3–5) a few of the remaining exposures of largely unlithified marine Paleocene and Eocene strata along the Virginia side of the Potomac River including the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum boundary clay. These exposures are capped by fluvial-estuarine Pleistocene terrace deposits. On Day 2, we will see (stops 6–9) the classic Miocene section along the ~25 miles (~40 km) of Calvert Cliffs in Maryland, including a possible fault and structural warping. Cores from nearby test holes will also be shown to supplement outcrops.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2015.0040(07)","usgsCitation":"Powars, D.S., Edwards, L.E., Kidwell, S.M., and Schindler, J.S., 2015, Cenozoic stratigraphy and structure of the Chesapeake Bay region: GSA Field Guides, v. 40, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/2015.0040(07).","productDescription":"59 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"229","ipdsId":"IP-066988","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342354,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","volume":"40","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593d0539e4b0764e6c61b65a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kidwell, Susan M.","contributorId":18003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kidwell","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":33013,"text":"Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schindler, J. Stephen 0000-0001-9550-5957 sschindl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9550-5957","contributorId":3270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schindler","given":"J.","email":"sschindl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159762,"text":"70159762 - 2015 - Cambrian–Ordovician of the central Appalachians:Correlations and event stratigraphy of carbonate platform andadjacent deep-water deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T13:47:47","indexId":"70159762","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Cambrian–Ordovician of the central Appalachians:Correlations and event stratigraphy of carbonate platform andadjacent deep-water deposits","docAbstract":"This trip seeks to illustrate the succession of Cambrian and Ordovician facies\ndeposited within the Pennsylvania and Maryland portion of the Great American Carbonate Bank. From the Early Cambrian (Dyeran) through Late Ordovician (Turinan), the Laurentian paleocontinent was rimmed by an extensive carbonate platform. During this protracted period of time, a succession of carbonate rock, more than two miles thick, was deposited in Maryland and Pennsylvania. These strata are now exposed in the Nittany arch of central Pennsylvania; the Great Valley of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia; and the Conestoga and Frederick Valleys of eastern Pennsylvania and Maryland. This fi eld trip will visit key outcrops that illustrate the varied depositional styles and environmental settings that prevailed at different times within the Pennsylvania reentrant portion of the Great American Carbonate Bank. In particular, we will contrast the timing and pattern of sedimentation in off-shelf (Frederick Valley), outer-shelf (Great Valley), and inner-shelf (Nittany arch) deposits. The deposition was controlled primarily by eustasy through the Cambrian and Early Ordovician (within the Sauk megasequence), but was strongly infl uenced later by the onset of Taconic orogenesis during deposition of the Tippecanoe megasequence.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America field guide","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2015.0040(04)","usgsCitation":"Brezinski, D.K., Taylor, J.F., Repetski, J.E., and Loch, J.D., 2015, Cambrian–Ordovician of the central Appalachians:Correlations and event stratigraphy of carbonate platform andadjacent deep-water deposits, chap. of Geological Society of America field guide, v. 40, p. 61-83, https://doi.org/10.1130/2015.0040(04).","productDescription":"23 p. ","startPage":"61","endPage":"83","ipdsId":"IP-067550","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania, Maryland ","otherGeospatial":"Central Applachians ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.1842041015625,\n 40.06125658140474\n ],\n [\n -77.882080078125,\n 40.057052221322\n ],\n [\n -77.8875732421875,\n 39.72831341029745\n ],\n [\n -77.7392578125,\n 39.592990390285024\n ],\n [\n -77.398681640625,\n 39.47860556892209\n ],\n [\n -77.442626953125,\n 39.25352462727606\n ],\n [\n -77.49755859375,\n 39.25352462727606\n ],\n [\n -77.728271484375,\n 39.34704251121735\n ],\n [\n -77.816162109375,\n 39.499802162332884\n ],\n [\n -77.84912109375,\n 39.609920257000795\n ],\n [\n -78.123779296875,\n 39.690280594818034\n ],\n [\n -78.22265625,\n 40.027614437486655\n ],\n [\n -78.1842041015625,\n 40.06125658140474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585268e3e4b0e2663625ec92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brezinski, David K.","contributorId":49428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brezinski","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, John F.","contributorId":80890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Repetski, John E. 0000-0002-2298-7120 jrepetski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2298-7120","contributorId":2596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repetski","given":"John","email":"jrepetski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loch, James D.","contributorId":20139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loch","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192579,"text":"70192579 - 2015 - Net ecosystem production and organic carbon balance of U.S. East Coast estuaries: A synthesis approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T14:30:09","indexId":"70192579","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Net ecosystem production and organic carbon balance of U.S. East Coast estuaries: A synthesis approach","docAbstract":"Net ecosystem production (NEP) and the overall organic carbon budget for the estuaries along the East Coast of the United States are estimated. We focus on the open estuarine waters, excluding the fringing wetlands. We developed empirical models relating NEP to loading ratios of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to total organic carbon, and carbon burial in the sediment to estuarine water residence time and total nitrogen input across the landward boundary. Output from a data-constrained water quality model was used to estimate inputs of total nitrogen and organic carbon to the estuaries across the landward boundary, including fluvial and tidal-wetland sources. Organic carbon export from the estuaries to the continental shelf was computed by difference, assuming steady state. Uncertainties in the budget were estimated by allowing uncertainties in the supporting model relations. Collectively, U.S. East Coast estuaries are net heterotrophic, with the area-integrated NEP of −1.5 (−2.8, −1.0) Tg C yr−1 (best estimate and 95% confidence interval) and area-normalized NEP of −3.2 (−6.1, −2.3) mol C m−2 yr−1. East Coast estuaries serve as a source of organic carbon to the shelf, exporting 3.4 (2.0, 4.3) Tg C yr−1 or 7.6 (4.4, 9.5) mol C m−2 yr−1. Organic carbon inputs from fluvial and tidal-wetland sources for the region are estimated at 5.4 (4.6, 6.5) Tg C yr−1 or 12 (10, 14) mol C m−2 yr−1 and carbon burial in the open estuarine waters at 0.50 (0.33, 0.78) Tg C yr−1 or 1.1 (0.73, 1.7) mol C m−2 yr−1. Our results highlight the importance of estuarine systems in the overall coastal budget of organic carbon, suggesting that in the aggregate, U.S. East Coast estuaries assimilate (via respiration and burial) ~40% of organic carbon inputs from fluvial and tidal-wetland sources and allow ~60% to be exported to the shelf.
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Michael","contributorId":198521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kemp","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":35269,"text":"Horn Point Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Cambridge, Maryland, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alexander, Richard B. 0000-0001-9166-0626 ralex@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-0626","contributorId":541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Richard","email":"ralex@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boyer, Elizabeth W.","contributorId":44659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyer","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cai, Wei-Jun","contributorId":176402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cai","given":"Wei-Jun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27264,"text":"University of Delaware, Newark, DE","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Griffith, Peter C.","contributorId":198522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffith","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":35257,"text":"Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Office, Sigma Space/NASA GSFC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kroeger, Kevin D. 0000-0002-4272-2349 kkroeger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4272-2349","contributorId":1603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroeger","given":"Kevin","email":"kkroeger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":41100,"text":"Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McCallister, S. Leigh","contributorId":198523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCallister","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Leigh","affiliations":[{"id":12991,"text":"Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Smith, Richard A. 0000-0003-2117-2269 rsmith1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-2269","contributorId":580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rsmith1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70187389,"text":"70187389 - 2015 - Structural superposition in fault systems bounding Santa Clara Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T12:29:04","indexId":"70187389","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural superposition in fault systems bounding Santa Clara Valley, California","docAbstract":"Santa Clara Valley is bounded on the southwest and northeast by active strike-slip and reverse-oblique faults of the San Andreas fault system. On both sides of the valley, these faults are superposed on older normal and/or right-lateral normal oblique faults. The older faults comprised early components of the San Andreas fault system as it formed in the wake of the northward passage of the Mendocino Triple Junction. On the east side of the valley, the great majority of fault displacement was accommodated by the older faults, which were almost entirely abandoned when the presently active faults became active after ca. 2.5 Ma. On the west side of the valley, the older faults were abandoned earlier, before ca. 8 Ma and probably accumulated only a small amount, if any, of the total right-lateral offset accommodated by the fault zone as a whole. Apparent contradictions in observations of fault offset and the relation of the gravity field to the distribution of dense rocks at the surface are explained by recognition of superposed structures in the Santa Clara Valley region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01100.1","usgsCitation":"Graymer, R.W., Stanley, R.G., Ponce, D.A., Jachens, R.C., Simpson, R.W., and Wentworth, C.M., 2015, Structural superposition in fault systems bounding Santa Clara Valley, California: Geosphere, v. 11, no. 1, p. 63-75, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01100.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"75","ipdsId":"IP-058088","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01100.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340669,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Clara Valley","volume":"11","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492ce4b0fc4e448ffd64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graymer, Russell W. 0000-0003-4910-5682 rgraymer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4910-5682","contributorId":1052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graymer","given":"Russell","email":"rgraymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ponce, David A. 0000-0003-4785-7354 ponce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":1049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"David","email":"ponce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Simpson, Robert W. simpson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"Robert","email":"simpson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wentworth, Carl M. 0000-0003-2569-569X cwent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2569-569X","contributorId":1178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wentworth","given":"Carl","email":"cwent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70187703,"text":"70187703 - 2015 - Having it both ways? Land use change in a U.S. midwestern agricultural ecoregion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-15T14:17:14","indexId":"70187703","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3191,"text":"Professional Geographer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Having it both ways? Land use change in a U.S. midwestern agricultural ecoregion","docAbstract":"Urbanization has been directly linked to decreases in area of agricultural lands and, as such, has been considered a threat to food security. Although the area of land used to produce food has diminished, often overlooked have been changes in agricultural output. The Eastern Corn Belt Plains (ECBP) is an important agricultural region in the U.S. Midwest. It has both gained a significant amount of urban land, primarily from the conversion of agricultural land between 1973 and 2000, and at the same time continued to produce ever-increasing quantities of agricultural products. By 2002, more corn, soybeans, and hogs were produced on a smaller agricultural land base than in 1974. In the last quarter of the twentieth century, ECBP ecoregion society appeared to have “had it both ways”: more urbanization along with increased agricultural output.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00330124.2014.921015","usgsCitation":"Auch, R.F., and Laingen, C.R., 2015, Having it both ways? Land use change in a U.S. midwestern agricultural ecoregion: Professional Geographer, v. 67, no. 1, p. 84-97, https://doi.org/10.1080/00330124.2014.921015.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"84","endPage":"97","ipdsId":"IP-045833","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://thekeep.eiu.edu/geoscience_fac/14","text":"External Repository"},{"id":341312,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.0224609375,\n 37.77071473849609\n ],\n [\n -81.36474609375,\n 37.77071473849609\n ],\n [\n -81.36474609375,\n 41.82045509614034\n ],\n [\n -88.0224609375,\n 41.82045509614034\n ],\n [\n -88.0224609375,\n 37.77071473849609\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591abe37e4b0a7fdb43c8bf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Auch, Roger F. 0000-0002-5382-5044 auch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5382-5044","contributorId":667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auch","given":"Roger","email":"auch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laingen, Chris R.","contributorId":191626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laingen","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70193473,"text":"70193473 - 2015 - Continuous monitoring of meteorological conditions and movement of a deep-seated, persistently moving rockslide along Interstate Route 79 near Pittsburgh","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-11T13:38:27","indexId":"70193473","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3029,"text":"Pennsylvania Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Continuous monitoring of meteorological conditions and movement of a deep-seated, persistently moving rockslide along Interstate Route 79 near Pittsburgh","docAbstract":"Metamorphic core complexes (MCCs) in the North American Cordillera reflect the effects of lithospheric extension and contribute to crustal adjustments both during and after a protracted subduction history along the Pacific plate margin. While the Miocene-to-recent history of most MCCs in the Great Basin, including the Raft River-Albion-Grouse Creek MCC, is well documented, early Cenozoic tectonic fabrics are commonly severely overprinted. We present stable isotope, geochronological (40Ar/39Ar), and microstructural data from the Raft River detachment shear zone. Hydrogen isotope ratios of syntectonic white mica (δ2Hms) from mylonitic quartzite within the shear zone are very low (−90‰ to −154‰, Vienna SMOW) and result from multiphase synkinematic interaction with surface-derived fluids. 40Ar/39Ar geochronology reveals Eocene (re)crystallization of white mica with δ2Hms ≥ −154‰ in quartzite mylonite of the western segment of the detachment system. These δ2Hms values are distinctively lower than in localities farther east (δ2Hms ≥ −125‰), where 40Ar/39Ar geochronological data indicate Miocene (18–15 Ma) extensional shearing and mylonitic fabric formation. These data indicate that very low δ2H surface-derived fluids penetrated the brittle-ductile transition as early as the mid-Eocene during a first phase of exhumation along a detachment rooted to the east. In the eastern part of the core complex, prominent top-to-the-east ductile shearing, mid-Miocene 40Ar/39Ar ages, and higher δ2H values of recrystallized white mica, indicate Miocene structural and isotopic overprinting of Eocene fabrics.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2014TC003766","usgsCitation":"Methner, K., Mulch, A., Teyssier, C., Wells, M.L., Cosca, M.A., Gottardi, R., Gebelin, A., and Chamberlain, C.P., 2015, Eocene and Miocene extension, meteoric fluid infiltration, and core complex formation in the Great Basin (Raft River Mountains, Utah): Tectonics, v. 34, no. 4, p. 680-693, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014TC003766.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"680","endPage":"693","ipdsId":"IP-062317","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014tc003766","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Raft River Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.5,\n 41.850127648557326\n ],\n [\n -113.25,\n 41.850127648557326\n ],\n [\n -113.25,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -113.5,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -113.5,\n 41.850127648557326\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c41e4b0d1f9f057e358","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Methner, Katharina","contributorId":194316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Methner","given":"Katharina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulch, Andreas","contributorId":194317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mulch","given":"Andreas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Teyssier, Christian","contributorId":193450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teyssier","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wells, Michael L.","contributorId":194318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wells","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cosca, Michael A. 0000-0002-0600-7663 mcosca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-7663","contributorId":1000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosca","given":"Michael","email":"mcosca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gottardi, Raphael 0000-0002-6774-1343","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6774-1343","contributorId":194320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gottardi","given":"Raphael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7155,"text":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gebelin, Aude","contributorId":194321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gebelin","given":"Aude","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chamberlain, C. Page","contributorId":194322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chamberlain","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Page","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70155874,"text":"70155874 - 2015 - Episodic deflation-inflation events at Kīlauea Volcano and implications for the shallow magma system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-08T17:47:35.577891","indexId":"70155874","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5371,"text":"Geophysical Monograph","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"chapter":"11","title":"Episodic deflation-inflation events at Kīlauea Volcano and implications for the shallow magma system","docAbstract":"Episodic variations in magma pressures and flow rates at Kīlauea Volcano, defined by a characteristic temporal evolution and termed deflation-inflation (DI) events, have been observed since at least the 1990s. DI events consist of transient, days-long deflations and subsequent reinflations of the summit region, accompanied since 2008 by fluctuations in the surface height of Kīlauea's summit lava lake. After a delay of minutes to hours, these events also often appear along the volcano's East Rift Zone in ground deformation data and as temporary reductions in eruption rate (sometimes followed by brief surges). Notable pauses in DI activity have preceded many eruptive events at Kīlauea. We analyzed more than 500 DI events recorded by borehole tiltmeters at the summit during 2000–2013. Inverse modeling suggests that DI-related ground deformation at the summit is generated by pressure transients in a shallow magma reservoir located beneath the east margin of Halema‘uma‘u Crater and that this reservoir has remained remarkably stable for more than a decade. Utilizing tilt data and variation in the level of the summit lava lake during a large DI event, we estimate a reservoir volume of approximately 1 km3 (0.2–5.5 km3 at 95% confidence).
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hawaiian volcanoes: From source to surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"AGU Chapman Conference","conferenceDate":"August 20-24, 2012","conferenceLocation":"Waikoloa, Hawai'i","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union; John Wiley & Sons","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/9781118872079.ch11","isbn":"978-1-118-87204-8","usgsCitation":"Anderson, K.R., Poland, M.P., Johnson, J.H., and Miklius, A., 2015, Episodic deflation-inflation events at Kīlauea Volcano and implications for the shallow magma system, chap. 11 of Hawaiian volcanoes: From source to surface: Geophysical Monograph, v. 208, p. 229-250, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118872079.ch11.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"229","endPage":"250","ipdsId":"IP-048860","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339574,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.27217864990232,\n 19.43195295046888\n ],\n [\n -155.2943229675293,\n 19.425153718960157\n ],\n [\n -155.30960083007812,\n 19.41317342829991\n ],\n [\n -155.29912948608396,\n 19.391477141932167\n ],\n [\n -155.27441024780273,\n 19.39261060164696\n ],\n [\n -155.24368286132812,\n 19.40119225476861\n ],\n [\n -155.23492813110352,\n 19.410097265263875\n ],\n [\n -155.24282455444336,\n 19.418192306194864\n ],\n [\n -155.2562141418457,\n 19.427905823139497\n ],\n [\n -155.26565551757812,\n 19.43227671629882\n ],\n [\n -155.269775390625,\n 19.43243859897175\n ],\n [\n -155.27217864990232,\n 19.43195295046888\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"208","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58edbb68e4b0eed1ab8c6f5b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Carey, Rebecca","contributorId":121557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carey","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690636,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cayol, Valerie","contributorId":121509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayol","given":"Valerie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690637,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":127857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":690638,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weis, Dominique","contributorId":121531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weis","given":"Dominique","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690639,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Kyle R. 0000-0001-8041-3996 kranderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8041-3996","contributorId":3522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Kyle","email":"kranderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Jessica H. jessjohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Jessica","email":"jessjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miklius, Asta 0000-0002-2286-1886 asta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-1886","contributorId":2060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miklius","given":"Asta","email":"asta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70141607,"text":"70141607 - 2015 - Preface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-13T17:07:42","indexId":"70141607","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5198,"text":"Geological Society of America Special Papers ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preface","docAbstract":"This book grew out of a topical session on “Central Virginia Earthquakes of 2011: Geology, Geophysics, and Significance for Seismic Hazards in Eastern North America” at the 2012 The Geological Society of America (GSA) Annual Meeting in Charlotte, North Carolina (USA). It also benefitted from related sessions at other meetings. The goal of this volume, The 2011 Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake, and Its Significance for Seismic Hazards in Eastern North America, is to bring together as much information as possible on lessons learned from this rare event. Chapters encompass a wide range of geoscience, engineering, and related studies of this earthquake and its effects from the epicentral area in central Virginia to Washington, D.C., and beyond. The intended audience is a broad spectrum of geoscientists, engineers, and decision makers interested in understanding earthquakes and seismic hazards in eastern North America and other intraplate settings. Chapters by Berti et al. (21), Chapman (2), Costain (8), Davenport et al. (15), Green et al. (9), Heller and Carter (10), Horton et al. (14), Hughes et al. (19), Powars et al. (23), Pratt et al. (16), Roeloffs et al. (7), Shah et al. (17), Stephenson et al. (3), Walsh et al. (18), and Wells et al. (12) are expansions of presentations at the 2012 GSA meeting. The volume also contains chapters from recent studies that were not presented at the GSA meeting, including those by Bobyarchick (22), Burton et al. (20), Dreiling and Mooney (5), Li et al. (11), McNamara et al. (4), Pollitz and Mooney (6), and Shahidi et al. (13). Following an overview and synthesis by the volume editors (1), chapters are arranged under the topical headings “Seismology and Regional Effects,” “Earthquake Damage, Geotechnical, and Engineering Investigations,” “Aftershocks, Geophysical Imaging, and Modeling,” “Geologic Investigations—Epicentral Area,” and “Geologic Investigations— Central Virginia Seismic Zone and Nearby Faults.”
We thank the authors for their contributions and the many scientists and engineers who contributed time and expertise in reviewing manuscripts to substantially improve the quality of the volume. These reviewers include Gail Atkinson, Christopher Bailey, Richard Berquist, Kimberly Blisniuk, Paul Bodin, Aaron Bradshaw, Clive Collins, Ariel Conn, Randy Cox, Haitham Dawood, James Dewey, John Ebel, David Fenster, Alexander Gates, Kathleen Haller, Gregory Hancock, Robert Hatcher, William Henika, Paul Hsieh, Steven Jaumé, Jeffrey Kimball, Charles Langston, Jongwon Lee, Andrea Llenos, John McBride, Scott Olson, Michael Oskin, Brent Owens, Gilles Peltzer, Mark Quigley, Dhananjay Ravat, David Saftner, Arthur Snoke, Jamison Steidl, Kevin Stewart, Alice Stieve, Danielle Sumy, Ertugrul Taciroglu, Roy Van Arsdale, Mason Walters, Chiyuen Wang, Yang Wang, Richard Whittecar, Lorraine Wolf, Clint Wood, Liam Wotherspoon, and some anonymous reviewers.
Mean long-term hydrologic budget components, such as recharge and base flow, are often difficult to estimate because they can vary substantially in space and time. Mean long-term fluxes were calculated in this study for precipitation, surface runoff, infiltration, total evapotranspiration (ET), riparian ET, recharge, base flow (or groundwater discharge) and net total outflow using long-term estimates of mean ET and precipitation and the assumption that the relative change in storage over that 30-year period is small compared to the total ET or precipitation. Fluxes of these components were first estimated on a number of real-time-gaged watersheds across Virginia. Specific conductance was used to distinguish and separate surface runoff from base flow. Specific-conductance (SC) data were collected every 15 minutes at 75 real-time gages for approximately 18 months between March 2007 and August 2008. Precipitation was estimated for 1971-2000 using PRISM climate data. Precipitation and temperature from the PRISM data were used to develop a regression-based relation to estimate total ET. The proportion of watershed precipitation that becomes surface runoff was related to physiographic province and rock type in a runoff regression equation. A new approach to estimate riparian ET using seasonal SC data gave results consistent with those from other methods. Component flux estimates from the watersheds were transferred to flux estimates for counties and independent cities using the ET and runoff regression equations. Only 48 of the 75 watersheds yielded sufficient data, and data from these 48 were used in the final runoff regression equation. Final results for the study are presented as component flux estimates for all counties and independent cities in Virginia. The method has the potential to be applied in many other states in the U.S. or in other regions or countries of the world where climate and stream flow data are plentiful.
","language":"English","publisher":"OMICS International","doi":"10.4172/2157-7587.1000191","usgsCitation":"Sanford, W.E., Nelms, D.L., Pope, J.P., and Selnick, D.L., 2015, Estimating mean long-term hydrologic budget components for watersheds and counties: An application to the commonwealth of Virginia, USA: Hydrology: Current Research, v. 6, p. 1-22, https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7587.1000191.","productDescription":"Article 191; 22 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"22","ipdsId":"IP-061320","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7587.1000191","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340439,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5901b1bee4b0c2e071a99baa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, Ward E. 0000-0002-6624-0280 wsanford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":2268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Ward","email":"wsanford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelms, David L. 0000-0001-5747-642X dlnelms@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5747-642X","contributorId":1892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelms","given":"David","email":"dlnelms@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pope, Jason P. 0000-0003-3199-993X jpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3199-993X","contributorId":2044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Jason","email":"jpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Selnick, David L.","contributorId":13480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selnick","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185999,"text":"70185999 - 2015 - Vegetation composition, nutrient, and sediment dynamics along a floodplain landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-30T15:31:53","indexId":"70185999","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3302,"text":"River Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation composition, nutrient, and sediment dynamics along a floodplain landscape","docAbstract":"Forested floodplains are important landscape features for retaining river nutrients and sediment loads but there is uncertainty in how vegetation influences nutrient and sediment retention. In order to understand the role of vegetation in nutrient and sediment trapping, we quantified species composition and the uptake of nutrients in plant material relative to landscape position and ecosystem attributes in an urban, Piedmont watershed in Virginia, USA. We investigated in situ interactions among vegetative composition, abundance, carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fluxes and ecosystem attributes such as water level, shading, soil nutrient mineralization, and sediment deposition. This study revealed strong associations between vegetation and nutrient and sediment cycling processes at the plot scale and in the longitudinal dimension, but there were few strong patterns between these aspects at the scale of geomorphic features (levee, backswamp, and toe-slope). Patterns reflected the nature of the valley setting rather than a simple downstream continuum. Plant nutrient uptake and sediment trapping were greatest at downstream sites with the widest floodplain and lowest gradient where the hydrologic connection between the floodplain and stream is greater. Sediment trapping increased in association with higher herbaceous plant coverage and lower tree canopy density that, in turn, was associated with a more water tolerant tree community found in the lower watershed but not at the most downstream site in the watershed. Despite urbanization effects on the hydrology, this floodplain functioned as an efficient nutrient trap. N and P flux rates of herbaceous biomass and total litterfall more than accounted for the N and P mineralization flux rate, indicating that vegetation incorporated nearly all mineralized nutrients into biomass.
","language":"English","publisher":"E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung","doi":"10.1127/rs/2015/0097","usgsCitation":"Rybicki, N.B., Noe, G.E., Hupp, C.R., and Robinson, M., 2015, Vegetation composition, nutrient, and sediment dynamics along a floodplain landscape: River Systems, v. 21, no. 2-3, p. 109-123, https://doi.org/10.1127/rs/2015/0097.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"123","ipdsId":"IP-065247","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338850,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","volume":"21","issue":"2-3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58de1950e4b02ff32c699cad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rybicki, Nancy B. 0000-0002-2205-7927 nrybicki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2205-7927","contributorId":2142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybicki","given":"Nancy","email":"nrybicki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":687305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":687306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":687307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robinson, Myles","contributorId":190115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Myles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187040,"text":"70187040 - 2015 - San Andreas tremor cascades define deep fault zone complexity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-19T15:43:23","indexId":"70187040","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"San Andreas tremor cascades define deep fault zone complexity","docAbstract":"Weak seismic vibrations - tectonic tremor - can be used to delineate some plate boundary faults. Tremor on the deep San Andreas Fault, located at the boundary between the Pacific and North American plates, is thought to be a passive indicator of slow fault slip. San Andreas Fault tremor migrates at up to 30 m s-1, but the processes regulating tremor migration are unclear. Here I use a 12-year catalogue of more than 850,000 low-frequency earthquakes to systematically analyse the high-speed migration of tremor along the San Andreas Fault. I find that tremor migrates most effectively through regions of greatest tremor production and does not propagate through regions with gaps in tremor production. I interpret the rapid tremor migration as a self-regulating cascade of seismic ruptures along the fault, which implies that tremor may be an active, rather than passive participant in the slip propagation. I also identify an isolated group of tremor sources that are offset eastwards beneath the San Andreas Fault, possibly indicative of the interface between the Monterey Microplate, a hypothesized remnant of the subducted Farallon Plate, and the North American Plate. These observations illustrate a possible link between the central San Andreas Fault and tremor-producing subduction zones.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/ngeo2335","usgsCitation":"Shelly, D.R., 2015, San Andreas tremor cascades define deep fault zone complexity: Nature Geoscience, v. 8, no. 2, p. 145-252, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2335.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"252","ipdsId":"IP-057784","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339995,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.1,\n 36.6\n ],\n [\n -119.8,\n 36.6\n ],\n [\n -119.8,\n 35.3\n ],\n [\n -121.1,\n 35.3\n ],\n [\n -121.1,\n 36.6\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f877bae4b0b7ea54521c2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shelly, David R. dshelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":2978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70187035,"text":"70187035 - 2015 - An ignimbrite caldera from the bottom up: Exhumed floor and fill of the resurgent Bonanza caldera, Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-19T16:07:56","indexId":"70187035","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An ignimbrite caldera from the bottom up: Exhumed floor and fill of the resurgent Bonanza caldera, Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field, Colorado","docAbstract":"Among large ignimbrites, the Bonanza Tuff and its source caldera in the Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field display diverse depositional and structural features that provide special insights concerning eruptive processes and caldera development. In contrast to the nested loci for successive ignimbrite eruptions at many large multicyclic calderas elsewhere, Bonanza caldera is an areally isolated structure that formed in response to a single ignimbrite eruption. The adjacent Marshall caldera, the nonresurgent lava-filled source for the 33.9-Ma Thorn Ranch Tuff, is the immediate precursor for Bonanza, but projected structural boundaries of two calderas are largely or entirely separate even though the western topographic rim of Bonanza impinges on the older caldera. Bonanza, source of a compositionally complex regional ignimbrite sheet erupted at 33.12 ± 0.03 Ma, is a much larger caldera system than previously recognized. It is a subequant structure ∼20 km in diameter that subsided at least 3.5 km during explosive eruption of ∼1000 km3 of magma, then resurgently domed its floor a similar distance vertically. Among its features: (1) varied exposure levels of an intact caldera due to rugged present-day topography—from Paleozoic and Precambrian basement rocks that are intruded by resurgent plutons, upward through precaldera volcanic floor, to a single thickly ponded intracaldera ignimbrite (Bonanza Tuff), interleaved landslide breccia, and overlying postcollapse lavas; (2) large compositional gradients in the Bonanza ignimbrite (silicic andesite to rhyolite ignimbrite; 60%–76% SiO2); (3) multiple alternations of mafic and silicic zones within a single ignimbrite, rather than simple upward gradation to more mafic compositions; (4) compositional contrasts between outflow sectors of the ignimbrite (mainly crystal-poor rhyolite to east, crystal-rich dacite to west); (5) similarly large compositional diversity among postcollapse caldera-fill lavas and resurgent intrusions; (6) brief time span for the entire caldera cycle (33.12 to ca. 33.03 Ma); (7) an exceptionally steep-sided resurgent dome, with dips of 40°–50° on west and 70°–80° on northeast flanks. Some near-original caldera morphology has been erosionally exhumed and remains defined by present-day landforms (western topographic rim, resurgent core, and ring-fault valley), while tilting and deep erosion provide three-dimensional exposures of intracaldera fill, floor, and resurgent structures. The absence of Plinian-fall deposits beneath proximal ignimbrites at Bonanza and other calderas in the region is interpreted as evidence for early initiation of pyroclastic flows, rather than lack of a high eruption column. Although the absence of a Plinian deposit beneath some ignimbrites elsewhere has been interpreted to indicate that abrupt rapid foundering of the magma-body roof initiated the eruption, initial caldera collapse began at Bonanza only after several hundred kilometers of rhyolitic tuff had erupted, as indicated by the minor volume of this composition in the basal intracaldera ignimbrite. Caldera-filling ignimbrite has been largely stripped from the southern and eastern flank of the Bonanza dome, exposing large areas of caldera-floor as a structurally coherent domed plate, bounded by ring faults with locations that are geometrically closely constrained even though largely concealed beneath valley alluvium. The structurally coherent floor at Bonanza contrasts with fault-disrupted floors at some well-exposed multicyclic calderas where successive ignimbrite eruptions caused recurrent subsidence. Floor rocks at Bonanza are intensely brecciated within ∼100 m inboard of ring faults, probably due to compression and crushing of the subsiding floor in proximity to steep inward-dipping faults. Upper levels of the floor are locally penetrated by dike-like crack fills of intracaldera ignimbrite, interpreted as dilatant fracture fills rather than ignimbrite vents. The resurgence geometry at Bonanza has implications for intracaldera-ignimbrite volume; this parameter may have been overestimated at some young calderas elsewhere, with bearing on outflow-intracaldera ratios and times of initial caldera collapse. Such features at Bonanza provide insights for interpreting calderas universally, with respect to processes of caldera collapse and resurgence, inception of subsidence in relation to progression of the ignimbrite eruption, complications with characterizing structural versus topographic margins of calderas, contrasts between intra- versus extracaldera ignimbrite, and limitations in assessing volumes of large caldera-forming eruptions. Bonanza provides a rare site where intact caldera margins and floor are exhumed and exposed, providing valuable perspectives for understanding younger similar calderas in some of the world’s most active and dangerous silicic provinces.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01184.1","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., Zimmerer, M.J., and McIntosh, W.C., 2015, An ignimbrite caldera from the bottom up: Exhumed floor and fill of the resurgent Bonanza caldera, Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field, Colorado: Geosphere, v. 11, no. 6, p. 1902-1947, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01184.1.","productDescription":"46 p.","startPage":"1902","endPage":"1947","ipdsId":"IP-062954","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472420,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01184.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340001,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f877bbe4b0b7ea54521c30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, Peter W. 0000-0001-9175-6118 plipman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-6118","contributorId":3486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"Peter","email":"plipman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmerer, Matthew J.","contributorId":191162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerer","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McIntosh, William C.","contributorId":191163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntosh","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70187777,"text":"70187777 - 2015 - Early Permian conodont fauna and stratigraphy of the Garden Valley Formation, Eureka County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T14:27:37","indexId":"70187777","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early Permian conodont fauna and stratigraphy of the Garden Valley Formation, Eureka County, Nevada","docAbstract":"The lower part of the Garden Valley Formation yields two distinct conodont faunas. One of late Asselian age dominated by Mesogondolella and Streptognathodus and one of Artinskian age dominated by Sweetognathus with Mesogondolella. The Asselian fauna contains the same species as those found in the type area of the Asselian in the southern Urals including Mesogondolella dentiseparata, described for the first time outside of the Urals. Apparatuses for Sweetognathus whitei, Diplognathodus stevensi, and Idioprioniodus sp. are described. The Garden Valley Formation represents a marine pro-delta basin and platform, and marine and shore fan delta complex deposition. The fan-delta complex was most likely deposited from late Artinskian to late Wordian. The Garden Valley Formation records tremendous swings in depositional setting from shallow-water to basin to shore.","language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","usgsCitation":"Wardlaw, B.R., Gallegos, D.M., Chernykh, V.V., and Snyder, W.S., 2015, Early Permian conodont fauna and stratigraphy of the Garden Valley Formation, Eureka County, Nevada: Micropaleontology, v. 61, p. 369-387.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"387","ipdsId":"IP-071645","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341481,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341457,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.micropress.org/microaccess/micropaleontology/issue-320/article-1955"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Eureka County","otherGeospatial":"Garden Valley 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In New England, populations are localized and it is likely that some populations go undocumented because of the species' cryptic habits. We used passive integrated transponders (PIT tags) to monitor burrow emergence with the aid of continuously running, stationary (but portable) PIT tag readers. We monitored the activity of individual Eastern Spadefoots by placing circular antennae directly over burrows of PIT tag-implanted individuals. We monitored 18 Eastern Spadefoots from 1 to 84 nights in the spring, summer, and fall of 2009–2011. Our results indicate that, on average, Eastern Spadefoots emerged on 43% of the nights that they were monitored. Nights when Eastern Spadefoots emerged were warmer and more humid than nonemergence nights. Eastern Spadefoots were also much more likely to emerge on a given night if they had emerged the night before. Our results have improved the understanding of Eastern Spadefoot burrow-emergence patterns in the northeast region. Our findings may considerably enhance the prospect of employing nocturnal visual encounter surveys as a method for monitoring known, and detecting previously undocumented, populations of this species.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","doi":"10.1670/12-230","usgsCitation":"Ryan, K.J., Calhoun, A.J., Timm, B.C., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2015, Monitoring Eastern Spadefoot (Scaphiopus holbrookii) response to weather with the use of a passive integrated transponder (PIT) system: Journal of Herpetology, v. 49, no. 2, p. 257-263, https://doi.org/10.1670/12-230.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"263","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-039475","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321854,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d65e7e4b07e28b66848ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryan, Kevin J.","contributorId":169710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Calhoun, Aram J.K.","contributorId":93829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calhoun","given":"Aram","email":"","middleInitial":"J.K.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Timm, Brad C.","contributorId":169711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Timm","given":"Brad","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188388,"text":"70188388 - 2015 - Paleoseismologic evidence for large-magnitude (Mw 7.5-8.0) earthquakes on the Ventura blind thrust fault: Implications for multifault ruptures in the Transverse Ranges of southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T15:15:14","indexId":"70188388","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleoseismologic evidence for large-magnitude (Mw 7.5-8.0) earthquakes on the Ventura blind thrust fault: Implications for multifault ruptures in the Transverse Ranges of southern California","docAbstract":"Detailed analysis of continuously cored boreholes and cone penetrometer tests (CPTs), high-resolution seismic-reflection data, and luminescence and 14C dates from Holocene strata folded above the tip of the Ventura blind thrust fault constrain the ages and displacements of the two (or more) most recent earthquakes. These two earthquakes, which are identified by a prominent surface fold scarp and a stratigraphic sequence that thickens across an older buried fold scarp, occurred before the 235-yr-long historic era and after 805 ± 75 yr ago (most recent folding event[s]) and between 4065 and 4665 yr ago (previous folding event[s]). Minimum uplift in these two scarp-forming events was ∼6 m for the most recent earthquake(s) and ∼5.2 m for the previous event(s). Large uplifts such as these typically occur in large-magnitude earthquakes in the range of Mw7.5–8.0. Any such events along the Ventura fault would likely involve rupture of other Transverse Ranges faults to the east and west and/or rupture downward onto the deep, low-angle décollements that underlie these faults. The proximity of this large reverse-fault system to major population centers, including the greater Los Angeles region, and the potential for tsunami generation during ruptures extending offshore along the western parts of the system highlight the importance of understanding the complex behavior of these faults for probabilistic seismic hazard assessment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01123.1","usgsCitation":"McAuliffe, L.J., Dolan, J.F., Rhodes, E.J., Hubbard, J., Shaw, J.H., and Pratt, T.L., 2015, Paleoseismologic evidence for large-magnitude (Mw 7.5-8.0) earthquakes on the Ventura blind thrust fault: Implications for multifault ruptures in the Transverse Ranges of southern California: Geosphere, v. 11, no. 5, p. 1629-1650, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01123.1.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1629","endPage":"1650","ipdsId":"IP-064190","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472558,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01123.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342272,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Ventura blind thrust fault","volume":"11","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593910b3e4b0764e6c5e88b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McAuliffe, Lee J.","contributorId":192724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McAuliffe","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13249,"text":"University of Southern California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dolan, James F.","contributorId":175461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dolan","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13249,"text":"University of Southern California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rhodes, Edward J. 0000-0002-0361-8637","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0361-8637","contributorId":192722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhodes","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7081,"text":"University of California - Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":28159,"text":"University of Sheffield","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hubbard, Judith","contributorId":192725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Judith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13619,"text":"Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":5110,"text":"Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shaw, John H.","contributorId":187766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaw","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13619,"text":"Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pratt, Thomas L. 0000-0003-3131-3141 tpratt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-3141","contributorId":3279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thomas","email":"tpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70147431,"text":"70147431 - 2015 - Evidence for intercontinental parasite exchange through molecular detection and characterization of haematozoa in northern pintails (Anas acuta) sampled throughout the North Pacific Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-01T11:28:08","indexId":"70147431","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2025,"text":"International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for intercontinental parasite exchange through molecular detection and characterization of haematozoa in northern pintails (Anas acuta) sampled throughout the North Pacific Basin","docAbstract":"Empirical evidence supports wild birds as playing a role in the interhemispheric exchange of bacteria and viruses; however, data supporting the redistribution of parasites among continents are limited. In this study, the hypothesis that migratory birds contribute to the redistribution of parasites between continents was tested by sampling northern pintails (Anas acuta) at locations throughout the North Pacific Basin in North America and East Asia for haemosporidian infections and assessing the genetic evidence for parasite exchange. Of 878 samples collected from birds in Alaska (USA), California (USA), and Hokkaido (Japan) during August 2011 - May 2012 and screened for parasitic infections using molecular techniques, Leucocytozoon, Haemoproteus, and Plasmodium parasites were detected in 555 (63%), 44 (5%), and 52 (6%) samples, respectively. Using an occupancy modeling approach, the probability of detecting parasites via replicate genetic tests was estimated to be high (p ≥ 0.95). Multi-model inference supported variation of Leucocytozoon parasite prevalence by northern pintail age class and geographic location of sampling in contrast to Haemoproteus and Plasmodium parasites for which there was only support for variation in parasite prevalence by sampling location. Thirty-one unique mitochondrial DNA haplotypes were detected among haematozoa infecting northern pintails including seven lineages shared between samples from North America and Japan. The finding of identical parasite haplotypes at widely distributed geographic locations and general lack of genetic structuring by continent in phylogenies for Leucocytozoon and Plasmodium provides evidence for intercontinental genetic exchange of haemosporidian parasites. Results suggest that migratory birds, including waterfowl, could therefore facilitate the introduction of avian malaria and other haemosporidia to novel hosts and spatially distant regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2014.12.004","usgsCitation":"Ramey, A.M., Schmutz, J.A., Reed, J.A., Fujita, G., Scotton, B.D., Casler, B., Fleskes, J.P., Konishi, K., Uchida, K., and Yabsley, M.J., 2015, Evidence for intercontinental parasite exchange through molecular detection and characterization of haematozoa in northern pintails (Anas acuta) sampled throughout the North Pacific Basin: International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, v. 4, no. 1, p. 11-21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2014.12.004.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059565","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2014.12.004","text":"Publisher Index 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Generally, adults exhibited higher blood Hg concentrations than juveniles within each habitat type. We used model results to examine species-specific differences in blood Hg concentrations during this time period, identifying potential Hg sentinels in each region and habitat type. Our results present the most comprehensive assessment of blood Hg concentrations in eastern songbirds to date, and thereby provide a valuable framework for designing and evaluating risk assessment schemes using sentinel songbird species in the time after implementation of the new atmospheric Hg standards.
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2011 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake causative fault zone and nearby active faults","docAbstract":"Deployment of temporary seismic stations after the 2011 Mineral, Virginia (USA), earthquake produced a well-recorded aftershock sequence. The majority of aftershocks are in a tabular cluster that delineates the previously unknown Quail fault zone. Quail fault zone aftershocks range from ~3 to 8 km in depth and are in a 1-km-thick zone striking ~036° and dipping ~50°SE, consistent with a 028°, 50°SE main-shock nodal plane having mostly reverse slip. This cluster extends ~10 km along strike. The Quail fault zone projects to the surface in gneiss of the Ordovician Chopawamsic Formation just southeast of the Ordovician–Silurian Ellisville Granodiorite pluton tail. The following three clusters of shallow (<3 km) aftershocks illuminate other faults. (1) An elongate cluster of early aftershocks, ~10 km east of the Quail fault zone, extends 8 km from Fredericks Hall, strikes ~035°–039°, and appears to be roughly vertical. The Fredericks Hall fault may be a strand or splay of the older Lakeside fault zone, which to the south spans a width of several kilometers. (2) A cluster of later aftershocks ~3 km northeast of Cuckoo delineates a fault near the eastern contact of the Ordovician Quantico Formation. (3) An elongate cluster of late aftershocks ~1 km northwest of the Quail fault zone aftershock cluster delineates the northwest fault (described herein), which is temporally distinct, dips more steeply, and has a more northeastward strike. Some aftershock-illuminated faults coincide with preexisting units or structures evident from radiometric anomalies, suggesting tectonic inheritance or reactivation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2015.2509(14)","usgsCitation":"Horton, J., Shah, A.K., McNamara, D.E., Snyder, S.L., and Carter, A.M., 2015, Aftershocks illuminate the 2011 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake causative fault zone and nearby active faults: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, v. 509, p. 253-271, https://doi.org/10.1130/2015.2509(14).","productDescription":"19 p.; Data Release","startPage":"253","endPage":"271","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053749","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504267,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F78K773V"},{"id":298198,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Mineral","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.46435546875,\n 37.38761749978395\n ],\n [\n -78.46435546875,\n 38.46219172306828\n ],\n [\n -77.431640625,\n 38.46219172306828\n ],\n [\n -77.431640625,\n 37.38761749978395\n ],\n [\n -78.46435546875,\n 37.38761749978395\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"509","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54e71738e4b02d776a66a00f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horton, J. Wright Jr. whorton@usgs.gov","contributorId":139352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"J. Wright","suffix":"Jr.","email":"whorton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shah, Anjana K. 0000-0002-3198-081X ashah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":2297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Anjana","email":"ashah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McNamara, Daniel E. 0000-0001-6860-0350 mcnamara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-0350","contributorId":402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Daniel","email":"mcnamara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snyder, Stephen L. ssnyder@usgs.gov","contributorId":4753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Stephen","email":"ssnyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carter, Aina M","contributorId":139347,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carter","given":"Aina","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70191861,"text":"70191861 - 2015 - Ordovician of Germany Valley, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T13:10:27","indexId":"70191861","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3481,"text":"Stratigraphy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ordovician of Germany Valley, West Virginia","docAbstract":"This trip will consist of stops at five locations (Fig. 1) that provide a detailed look at the strata in a major part of the Ordovician section in Germany Valley,\nPendleton County, West Virginia. At these stops, we will highlight a varied sequence of\ncarbonate and siliciclastic strata that accumulated during the Middle to Late Ordovician, and\nwhich record changes in depositional environments associated with Taconic tectonic activity.","language":"English","publisher":"Micropress","usgsCitation":"Haynes, J.T., Goggin, K.E., Orndorff, R.C., and Goggin, L.R., 2015, Ordovician of Germany Valley, West Virginia: Stratigraphy, v. 12, no. 3-4, p. 1-45.","productDescription":"45 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"45","ipdsId":"IP-070856","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":346859,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.micropress.org/microaccess/stratigraphy/issue-317/article-1930"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","county":"Pendleton County","otherGeospatial":"Germany Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.53208923339844,\n 38.63725461835644\n ],\n [\n -79.32746887207031,\n 38.63725461835644\n ],\n [\n -79.32746887207031,\n 38.858958910448536\n ],\n [\n -79.53208923339844,\n 38.858958910448536\n ],\n [\n -79.53208923339844,\n 38.63725461835644\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"3-4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeebefe4b0da30c1bfc6a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haynes, John T.","contributorId":197407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haynes","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goggin, Keith E.","contributorId":147155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goggin","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16797,"text":"Weatherford Laboratories","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":713440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orndorff, Randall C. 0000-0002-8956-5803 rorndorf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-5803","contributorId":2739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"Randall","email":"rorndorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goggin, Lisa R.","contributorId":197408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goggin","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188871,"text":"70188871 - 2015 - Provenance and detrital zircon geochronologic evolution of lower Brookian foreland basin deposits of the western Brooks Range, Alaska, and implications for early Brookian tectonism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T10:57:20","indexId":"70188871","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Provenance and detrital zircon geochronologic evolution of lower Brookian foreland basin deposits of the western Brooks Range, Alaska, and implications for early Brookian tectonism","docAbstract":"The Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous part of the Brookian sequence of northern Alaska consists of syntectonic deposits shed from the north-directed, early Brookian orogenic belt. We employ sandstone petrography, detrital zircon U-Pb age analysis, and zircon fission-track double-dating methods to investigate these deposits in a succession of thin regional thrust sheets in the western Brooks Range and in the adjacent Colville foreland basin to determine sediment provenance, sedimentary dispersal patterns, and to reconstruct the evolution of the Brookian orogen. The oldest and structurally highest deposits are allochthonous Upper Jurassic volcanic arc–derived sandstones that rest on accreted ophiolitic and/or subduction assemblage mafic igneous rocks. These strata contain a nearly unimodal Late Jurassic zircon population and are interpreted to be a fragment of a forearc basin that was emplaced onto the Brooks Range during arc-continent collision. Synorogenic deposits found at structurally lower levels contain decreasing amounts of ophiolite and arc debris, Jurassic zircons, and increasing amounts of continentally derived sedimentary detritus accompanied by broadly distributed late Paleozoic and Triassic (359–200 Ma), early Paleozoic (542–359 Ma), and Paleoproterozoic (2000–1750 Ma) zircon populations. The zircon populations display fission-track evidence of cooling during the Brookian event and evidence of an earlier episode of cooling in the late Paleozoic and Triassic. Surprisingly, there is little evidence for erosion of the continental basement of Arctic Alaska, its Paleozoic sedimentary cover, or its hinterland metamorphic rocks in early foreland basin strata at any structural and/or stratigraphic level in the western Brooks Range. Detritus from exhumation of these sources did not arrive in the foreland basin until the middle or late Albian in the central part of the Colville Basin.
These observations indicate that two primary provenance areas provided detritus to the early Brookian foreland basin of the western Brooks Range: (1) local sources in the oceanic Angayucham terrane, which forms the upper plate of the orogen, and (2) a sedimentary source region outside of northern Alaska. Pre-Jurassic zircons and continental grain types suggest the latter detritus was derived from a thick succession of Triassic turbidites in the Russian Far East that were originally shed from source areas in the Uralian-Taimyr orogen and deposited in the South Anyui Ocean, interpreted here as an early Mesozoic remnant basin. Structural thickening and northward emplacement onto the continental margin of Chukotka during the Brookian structural event are proposed to have led to development of a highland source area located in eastern Chukotka, Wrangel Island, and Herald Arch region. The abundance of detritus from this source area in most of the samples argues that the Colville Basin and ancestral foreland basins were supplied by longitudinal sediment dispersal systems that extended eastward along the Brooks Range orogen and were tectonically recycled into the active foredeep as the thrust front propagated toward the foreland. Movement of clastic sedimentary material from eastern Chukotka, Wrangel Island, and Herald Arch into Brookian foreland basins in northern Alaska confirms the interpretations of previous workers that the Brookian deformational belt extends into the Russian Far East and demonstrates that the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka microplate was a unified geologic entity by the Early Cretaceous.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01043.1","usgsCitation":"Moore, T.E., O’Sullivan, P.B., Potter, C.J., and Donelick, R.A., 2015, Provenance and detrital zircon geochronologic evolution of lower Brookian foreland basin deposits of the western Brooks Range, Alaska, and implications for early Brookian tectonism: Geosphere, v. 11, no. 1, p. 93-122, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01043.1.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"122","ipdsId":"IP-051392","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01043.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342939,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Brooks Range","volume":"11","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59536eabe4b062508e3c7a93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457 tmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":127538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas","email":"tmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Sullivan, Paul B.","contributorId":193544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Sullivan","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Potter, Christopher J. 0000-0002-2300-6670 cpotter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-6670","contributorId":1026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"Christopher","email":"cpotter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Donelick, Raymond A.","contributorId":193545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donelick","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70177818,"text":"70177818 - 2015 - Elk habitat suitability map for North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T15:18:45","indexId":"70177818","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3909,"text":"Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elk habitat suitability map for North Carolina","docAbstract":"Although eastern elk (Cervus elaphus canadensis) were extirpated from the eastern United States in the 19th century, they were successfully reintroduced in the North Carolina portion of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in the early 2000s. The North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) is evaluating the prospect of reintroducing the species in other locations in the state to augment recreational opportunities. As a first step in the process, we created a state-wide elk habitat suitability map. We used medium-scale data sets and a two-component approach to iden- tify areas of high biological value for elk and exclude from consideration areas where elk-human conflicts were more likely. Habitats in the state were categorized as 66% unsuitable, 16.7% low, 17% medium, and <1% high suitability for elk. The coastal plain and Piedmont contained the most suitable habitat, but prospective reintroduction sites were largely excluded from consideration due to extensive agricultural activities and pervasiveness of secondary roads. We ranked 31 areas (≥ 500 km2) based on their suitability for reintroduction. The central region of the state contained the top five ranked areas. The Blue Ridge Mountains, where the extant population of elk occurs, was ranked 21st. Our work provides a benchmark for decision makers to evaluate potential consequences and trade-offs associated with the selection of prospective elk reintroduction sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","usgsCitation":"Williams, S.G., Cobb, D.T., and Collazo, J., 2015, Elk habitat suitability map for North Carolina: Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 2, p. 181-186.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"186","ipdsId":"IP-057284","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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