Many birders in the United States, Canada, and Mexico are critical participants in bird monitoring and conservation activities. This linkage between recreational birders and avian conservation surveys is not new. It was established long before the internet and long before any fast communication facilitated the connection of birders to scientists. It started because a few key individuals realized that birding with a purpose added a new and important dimension to a recreational activity—and birders loved the idea that they were helping to study and conserve the birds they watch. And they still do today.
","language":"English","publisher":"North American Bird Conservation Initiative","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J.R., and Butcher, G.S., 2014, The role of citizen science in bird conservation: The Christmas Bird Count and Breeding Bird Survey: All Bird Bulletin, no. Fall 2014, p. 3-6.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"6","ipdsId":"IP-059169","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328314,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":300515,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nabci-us.org/committee/all-bird-bulletin/"}],"issue":"Fall 2014","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d13a41e4b0571647cf8e35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, John R. jrsauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":138949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butcher, Gregory S.","contributorId":140856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butcher","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6762,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, La Grande, Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70107228,"text":"70107228 - 2014 - Using the USGS Seismic Risk Web Application to estimate aftershock damage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-11T12:01:10","indexId":"70107228","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using the USGS Seismic Risk Web Application to estimate aftershock damage","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Engineering Risk Assessment Project has developed the Seismic Risk Web Application to combine earthquake hazard and structural fragility information in order to calculate the risk of earthquake damage to structures. Enabling users to incorporate their own hazard and fragility information into the calculations will make it possible to quantify (in near real-time) the risk of additional damage to structures caused by aftershocks following significant earthquakes. Results can quickly be shared with stakeholders to illustrate the impact of elevated ground motion hazard and earthquake-compromised structural integrity on the risk of damage during a short-term, post-earthquake time horizon.
","conferenceTitle":"Third International Conference on Urban Disaster Reduction","conferenceDate":"September 28 - October 1, 2014","conferenceLocation":"Boulder, CO","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","usgsCitation":"McGowan, S.M., and Luco, N., 2014, Using the USGS Seismic Risk Web Application to estimate aftershock damage, Third International Conference on Urban Disaster Reduction, Boulder, CO, September 28 - October 1, 2014, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056982","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325010,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://3icudr.org/program"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784c347e4b0e02680be59fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGowan, Sean M. smcgowan@usgs.gov","contributorId":4370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Sean","email":"smcgowan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":518882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luco, Nicolas 0000-0002-5763-9847 nluco@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-9847","contributorId":1188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"Nicolas","email":"nluco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192528,"text":"70192528 - 2014 - What do we gain from simplicity versus complexity in species distribution models?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T13:28:48","indexId":"70192528","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What do we gain from simplicity versus complexity in species distribution models?","docAbstract":"Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used to explain and predict species ranges and environmental niches. They are most commonly constructed by inferring species' occurrence–environment relationships using statistical and machine-learning methods. The variety of methods that can be used to construct SDMs (e.g. generalized linear/additive models, tree-based models, maximum entropy, etc.), and the variety of ways that such models can be implemented, permits substantial flexibility in SDM complexity. Building models with an appropriate amount of complexity for the study objectives is critical for robust inference. We characterize complexity as the shape of the inferred occurrence–environment relationships and the number of parameters used to describe them, and search for insights into whether additional complexity is informative or superfluous. By building ‘under fit’ models, having insufficient flexibility to describe observed occurrence–environment relationships, we risk misunderstanding the factors shaping species distributions. By building ‘over fit’ models, with excessive flexibility, we risk inadvertently ascribing pattern to noise or building opaque models. However, model selection can be challenging, especially when comparing models constructed under different modeling approaches. Here we argue for a more pragmatic approach: researchers should constrain the complexity of their models based on study objective, attributes of the data, and an understanding of how these interact with the underlying biological processes. We discuss guidelines for balancing under fitting with over fitting and consequently how complexity affects decisions made during model building. Although some generalities are possible, our discussion reflects differences in opinions that favor simpler versus more complex models. We conclude that combining insights from both simple and complex SDM building approaches best advances our knowledge of current and future species ranges.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ecog.00845","usgsCitation":"Merow, C., Smith, M.J., Edwards, T., Guisan, A., McMahon, S.M., Normand, S., Thuiller, W., Wuest, R.O., Zimmermann, N.E., and Elith, J., 2014, What do we gain from simplicity versus complexity in species distribution models?: Ecography, v. 37, no. 12, p. 1267-1281, https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.00845.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1267","endPage":"1281","ipdsId":"IP-055634","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.00845","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ece2e4b09af898c8cd32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merow, Cory","contributorId":198540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merow","given":"Cory","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Matthew J.","contributorId":61701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":191916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guisan, Antoine","contributorId":47943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guisan","given":"Antoine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McMahon, Sean M. 0000-0001-8302-6908","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8302-6908","contributorId":197833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMahon","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Normand, Signe","contributorId":30545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normand","given":"Signe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thuiller, Wilfried","contributorId":38059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thuiller","given":"Wilfried","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wuest, Rafael O.","contributorId":198544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wuest","given":"Rafael","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Zimmermann, Niklaus E.","contributorId":68446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmermann","given":"Niklaus","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Elith, Jane","contributorId":14546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elith","given":"Jane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70159904,"text":"70159904 - 2014 - Coastal tectonics on the eastern margin of the Pacific Rim: Late Quaternary sea-level history and uplift rates, Channel Islands National Park, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-03T11:58:21","indexId":"70159904","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coastal tectonics on the eastern margin of the Pacific Rim: Late Quaternary sea-level history and uplift rates, Channel Islands National Park, California, USA","docAbstract":"The Pacific Rim is a region where tectonic processes play a significant role in coastal landscape evolution. Coastal California, on the eastern margin of the Pacific Rm, is very active tectonically and geomorphic expressions of this include uplifted marine terraces. There have been, however, conflicting estimates of the rate of late Quaternary uplift of marine terraces in coastal California, particularly for the orthern Channel Islands. In the present study, the terraces on San Miguel Island and Santa Rosa Island were mapped and new age estimates were generated using uranium-series dating of fossil corals and amino acid geochronology of fossil mollusks. Results indicate that the 2nd terrace on both islands is ~120 ka and the 1st terrace on Santa Rosa Island is ~80 ka. These ages correspond to two global high-sea stands of the Last Interglacial complex, marine isotope stages (MIS) 5.5 and 51, respectively. The age estimates indicate that San Miguel Island and Santa Rosa Island have been tectonically uplifted at rates of 0.12e0.20 m/ka in the late Quaternary, similar to uplift rates inferred from previous studies on neighboring San Cruz Island. The newly estimated uplift rates for the northern Channel Islands are, however, an order of magnitude lower than a recent study that generated uplift rates from an offshore terrace dating to the Last Glacial period. The differences between the estimated uplift rates in the present study and the offshore study are explained by the magnitude of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) effects that were not known at the time of the earlier study. Set in the larger context of northeastern Pacific Rim tectonics, Channel Islands uplift rates are higher than those coastal localities on the margin of the East Pacific Rise spreading center, but slightly lower than those of most localities adjacent to the Cascadia subduction zone. The uplift rates reported here for the northern Channel Islands are similar to those reported for most other localities where strike-slip tectonics are dominant, but lower than localities where restraining bends (such as the Big Bend of the San Andreas Fault) result in crustal shortening.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.09.017","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., Simmons, K., Schumann, R.R., Groves, L., DeVogel, S.B., Minor, S.A., and Laurel, D., 2014, Coastal tectonics on the eastern margin of the Pacific Rim: Late Quaternary sea-level history and uplift rates, Channel Islands National Park, California, USA: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 105, p. 209-238, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.09.017.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"238","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055047","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Channel Islands National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.52001953124999,\n 33.865854454071865\n ],\n [\n -120.52001953124999,\n 34.120900139826965\n ],\n [\n -119.28955078124999,\n 34.120900139826965\n ],\n [\n -119.28955078124999,\n 33.865854454071865\n ],\n [\n -120.52001953124999,\n 33.865854454071865\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.07531738281251,\n 33.445193134508465\n ],\n [\n -119.07531738281251,\n 33.50475906922606\n ],\n [\n -118.99291992187499,\n 33.50475906922606\n ],\n [\n -118.99291992187499,\n 33.445193134508465\n ],\n [\n -119.07531738281251,\n 33.445193134508465\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"105","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566175c6e4b06a3ea36c5687","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. dmuhs@usgs.gov","contributorId":140959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel R.","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simmons, Kathleen R. ksimmons@usgs.gov","contributorId":150195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"Kathleen R.","email":"ksimmons@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schumann, R. 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Empirical analyses have shown that the location of species within body mass aggregations, which reflect this scale-specific organization, is non-random with regard to several ecological phenomena, including species extinctions. The propensity of declining species to have body masses proximate to discontinuities suggests that transition zones between scaling regimes ultimately decreases the ecological fitness for some species. We test this proposition using vulnerable and unthreatened fish species in Mediterranean streams with differing levels of human impact. We show that the proximity to discontinuities in body mass aggregations (“distance-to-edge”) of more vs. less fit individuals within vulnerable and unthreatened populations differs. Specifically, regression analysis between the scaled mass index, a proxy of animal fitness, and distance-to-edge reveals negative and positive relationships for vulnerable and unthreatened species, respectively. That is, fitness is higher close to discontinuities in vulnerable populations and toward the center of body mass aggregation groups in unthreatened populations. Our results demonstrate the suitability of the discontinuity framework for scrutinizing non-random patterns of environmental impact in populations. Further exploration of the usefulness of this method across other ecosystems and organism groups is warranted.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecocom.2014.08.001","usgsCitation":"Angeler, D., Allen, C.R., Vila-Gispert, A., and Almeida, D., 2014, Fitness in animals correlates with proximity to discontinuities in body mass distributions.: Ecological Complexity, v. 20, p. 213-218, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecocom.2014.08.001.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"218","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056960","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317955,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bdbec3e4b06458514aeec8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vila-Gispert, Anna","contributorId":166742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vila-Gispert","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Almeida, David","contributorId":166743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Almeida","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168383,"text":"70168383 - 2014 - Assessing and managing freshwater ecosystems vulnerable to global change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T13:05:37","indexId":"70168383","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":698,"text":"Ambio","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing and managing freshwater ecosystems vulnerable to global change","docAbstract":"Freshwater ecosystems are important for global biodiversity and provide essential ecosystem services. There is consensus in the scientific literature that freshwater ecosystems are vulnerable to the impacts of environmental change, which may trigger irreversible regime shifts upon which biodiversity and ecosystem services may be lost. There are profound uncertainties regarding the management and assessment of the vulnerability of freshwater ecosystems to environmental change. Quantitative approaches are needed to reduce this uncertainty. We describe available statistical and modeling approaches along with case studies that demonstrate how resilience theory can be applied to aid decision-making in natural resources management. We highlight especially how long-term monitoring efforts combined with ecological theory can provide a novel nexus between ecological impact assessment and management, and the quantification of systemic vulnerability and thus the resilience of ecosystems to environmental change.
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G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birge, Hannah E.","contributorId":166737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birge","given":"Hannah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drakare, Stina","contributorId":166738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drakare","given":"Stina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKie, Brendan G.","contributorId":166739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKie","given":"Brendan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Richard K.","contributorId":21810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70150433,"text":"70150433 - 2014 - Monitoring fish distributions along electrofishing segments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-24T12:04:15","indexId":"70150433","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring fish distributions along electrofishing segments","docAbstract":"Electrofishing is widely used to monitor fish species composition and relative abundance in streams and lakes. According to standard protocols, multiple segments are selected in a body of water to monitor population relative abundance as the ratio of total catch to total sampling effort. The standard protocol provides an assessment of fish distribution at a macrohabitat scale among segments, but not within segments. An ancillary protocol was developed for assessing fish distribution at a finer scale within electrofishing segments. The ancillary protocol was used to estimate spacing, dispersion, and association of two species along shore segments in two local reservoirs. The added information provided by the ancillary protocol may be useful for assessing fish distribution relative to fish of the same species, to fish of different species, and to environmental or habitat characteristics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-014-4053-6","usgsCitation":"Miranda, L.E., 2014, Monitoring fish distributions along electrofishing segments: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 186, no. 12, p. 8899-8905, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-4053-6.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"8899","endPage":"8905","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054281","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305971,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Oktibbeha County Lake; Ross Barnett Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.11260986328125,\n 32.35444302709291\n ],\n [\n -90.11260986328125,\n 32.55144352864431\n ],\n [\n -89.89837646484375,\n 32.55144352864431\n ],\n [\n -89.89837646484375,\n 32.35444302709291\n ],\n [\n -90.11260986328125,\n 32.35444302709291\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.95441055297852,\n 33.5004648191553\n ],\n [\n -88.95441055297852,\n 33.5172111895567\n ],\n [\n -88.92539978027344,\n 33.5172111895567\n ],\n [\n -88.92539978027344,\n 33.5004648191553\n ],\n [\n -88.95441055297852,\n 33.5004648191553\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"186","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b361b3e4b09a3b01b5daad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70150317,"text":"70150317 - 2014 - Impacts of drought and crayfish invasion on stream ecosystem structure and function","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T13:08:24","indexId":"70150317","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of drought and crayfish invasion on stream ecosystem structure and function","docAbstract":"Drought and seasonal drying can be important disturbance events in many small streams, leading to intermittent or isolated habitats. Many small streams contain crayfish populations that are often keystone or dominant species in these systems. I conducted an experiment in stream mesocosms to examine the effects of drought and potential ecological redundancy of a native and invasive crayfish species. I examined the effects of drought (drought or control) and crayfish presence (none, native crayfish Orconectes eupunctus or invasive crayfish Orconectes neglectus) on stream mesocosm structure and function (leaf breakdown, community metabolism, periphyton, sediment and chironomid densities) in a fully factorial design. Each mesocosm contained a deep and shallow section, and drought treatments had surface water present (5-cm depth) in deep sections where tiles and leaf packs were placed. Drought and crayfish presence did not interact for any response variable. Drought significantly reduced leaf breakdown, and crayfish presence significantly increased leaf breakdown. However, the native and invasive crayfish species did not differ significantly in their effects on leaf breakdown. Drought significantly reduced primary production and community respiration overall, whereas crayfish presence did not significantly affect primary production and community respiration. Neither drought nor crayfish presence significantly affected periphyton overall. However, drought significantly reduced autotrophic index (AI), and crayfish presence increased AI. Inorganic sediment and chironomid density were not affected by drought, but both were significantly reduced by crayfish presence. O. eupunctus reduced AI and sediment more than O. neglectus did. Neither drought nor crayfish species significantly affected crayfish growth or survival. Drought can have strong effects on ecosystem function, but weaker effects on benthic structure. Crayfish can have strong effects on ecosystem structure and function regardless of drought. In stream mesocosms, native and invasive crayfish species appeared largely ecologically redundant, although subtle differences in crayfish effects could cascade throughout the food web, and further research is needed to address this question.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.2747","usgsCitation":"Magoulick, D.D., 2014, Impacts of drought and crayfish invasion on stream ecosystem structure and function: River Research and Applications, v. 30, no. 10, p. 1309-1317, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2747.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1309","endPage":"1317","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043564","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305540,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55950f31e4b0b6d21dd6cbeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magoulick, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9665-5957 danmag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-5957","contributorId":2513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoulick","given":"Daniel","email":"danmag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70142989,"text":"70142989 - 2014 - Pollutant sensitivity of the endangered Tar River Spinymussel as assessed by single chemical and effluent toxicity tests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-23T12:35:28","indexId":"70142989","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Pollutant sensitivity of the endangered Tar River Spinymussel as assessed by single chemical and effluent toxicity tests","docAbstract":"The federally endangered Tar River spinymussel (Elliptio steinstansana) is endemic to the Tar River and Neuse River systems in North Carolina. The extent to which water quality limits Tar River spinymussels’ recovery is important to establish, and one aspect of that is understanding the species’ pollutant sensitivity. The primary objectives of this study were to 1) develop captive propagation and culture methods for Tar River spinymussels; 2) determine the pollutant sensitivity of captively propagated Tar River spinymussels; 3) examine the utility of the non-endangered yellow lance (Elliptio lanceolata), yellow lampmussel (Lampsilis cariosa) and notched rainbow (Villosa constricta) as surrogates for the Tar River spinymussels’ chemical sensitivity; 4) develop a 7-d method for conducting effluent toxicity tests starting with newly transformed mussels; 5) assess the toxicity of municipal wastewater effluents discharged into the Tar River spinymussels’ current and historic habitat; and, 6) evaluate the protection afforded by existing effluent toxicity test requirements.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Fish and Wildlife Service ","usgsCitation":"Augspurger, T., Wang, N., Kunz, J.L., and Ingersoll, C.G., 2014, Pollutant sensitivity of the endangered Tar River Spinymussel as assessed by single chemical and effluent toxicity tests, viii, 46 p. .","productDescription":"viii, 46 p. ","ipdsId":"IP-063796","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328417,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":298561,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/pdfs/FinalP_Sensi_TRS.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d28baee4b0571647d0f93d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Augspurger, Thomas P.","contributorId":139666,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augspurger","given":"Thomas P.","affiliations":[{"id":12872,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 551-F Pylon Drive, Raleigh, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Ning 0000-0002-2846-3352 nwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2846-3352","contributorId":2818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Ning","email":"nwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kunz, James L. 0000-0002-1027-158X jkunz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1027-158X","contributorId":3309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"James","email":"jkunz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192530,"text":"70192530 - 2014 - Does probability of occurrence relate to population dynamics?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T13:24:45","indexId":"70192530","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does probability of occurrence relate to population dynamics?","docAbstract":"Hutchinson defined species' realized niche as the set of environmental conditions in which populations can persist in the presence of competitors. In terms of demography, the realized niche corresponds to the environments where the intrinsic growth rate (r) of populations is positive. Observed species occurrences should reflect the realized niche when additional processes like dispersal and local extinction lags do not have overwhelming effects. Despite the foundational nature of these ideas, quantitative assessments of the relationship between range-wide demographic performance and occurrence probability have not been made. This assessment is needed both to improve our conceptual understanding of species' niches and ranges and to develop reliable mechanistic models of species geographic distributions that incorporate demography and species interactions.
The objective of this study is to analyse how demographic parameters (intrinsic growth rate r and carrying capacity K ) and population density (N ) relate to occurrence probability (Pocc ). We hypothesized that these relationships vary with species' competitive ability. Demographic parameters, density, and occurrence probability were estimated for 108 tree species from four temperate forest inventory surveys (Québec, western USA, France and Switzerland). We used published information of shade tolerance as indicators of light competition strategy, assuming that high tolerance denotes high competitive capacity in stable forest environments.
Interestingly, relationships between demographic parameters and occurrence probability did not vary substantially across degrees of shade tolerance and regions. Although they were influenced by the uncertainty in the estimation of the demographic parameters, we found that r was generally negatively correlated with Pocc, while N, and for most regions K, was generally positively correlated with Pocc. Thus, in temperate forest trees the regions of highest occurrence probability are those with high densities but slow intrinsic population growth rates. The uncertain relationships between demography and occurrence probability suggests caution when linking species distribution and demographic models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ecog.00836","usgsCitation":"Thuiller, W., Munkemuller, T., Schiffers, K.H., Georges, D., Dullinger, S., Eckhart, V.M., Edwards, T., Gravel, D., Kunstler, G., Merow, C., Moore, K., Piedallu, C., Vissault, S., Zimmermann, N.E., Zurell, D., and Schurr, F.M., 2014, Does probability of occurrence relate to population dynamics?: Ecography, v. 37, no. 12, p. 1155-1166, https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.00836.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1155","endPage":"1166","ipdsId":"IP-055287","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.00836","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347473,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ece2e4b09af898c8cd30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thuiller, Wilfried","contributorId":38059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thuiller","given":"Wilfried","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munkemuller, Tamara","contributorId":57768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munkemuller","given":"Tamara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schiffers, Katja H.","contributorId":79019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schiffers","given":"Katja","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Georges, Damien","contributorId":198537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Georges","given":"Damien","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dullinger, Stefan","contributorId":19080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dullinger","given":"Stefan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eckhart, Vincent M.","contributorId":198538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eckhart","given":"Vincent","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. 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The proportion of territories that produced young was similar across southwestern Idaho from the late 1960s to 1999. After a dramatic increase in OHV use from 1999 to 2009, occupancy and success of territories in close proximity to recreational trails and parking areas declined, and the proportion of these territories producing young differed significantly from territories not impacted by OHVs. We could not pinpoint which types of motorized activity are most disturbing, nor could we identify disturbance thresholds at which eagles abandon their eggs, their young, and finally their territory. Timing, proximity, duration, and frequency of disturbance could all play a role. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.451","usgsCitation":"Steenhof, K., Brown, J.L., and Kochert, M.N., 2014, Temporal and spatial changes in golden eagle reproduction in relation to increased off highway vehicle activity: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 38, no. 4, p. 682-688, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.451.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"682","endPage":"688","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053499","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/3b673162db474e6fa1251ea6a8b396a9","text":"External Repository"},{"id":299203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.63635253906249,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n -116.63635253906249,\n 43.32118142926663\n ],\n [\n -115.697021484375,\n 43.32118142926663\n ],\n [\n -115.697021484375,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n -116.63635253906249,\n 42.58544425738491\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bc52ee4b0323842783a57","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/wsb.451","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.451","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Steenhof Karen, Brown Jessi L., Kochert Michael N.","journalName":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","publicationDate":"7/1/2014","auditedOn":"2/8/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steenhof, Karen karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","contributorId":30585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steenhof","given":"Karen","email":"karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Jessi L.","contributorId":44817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Jessi","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13184,"text":"Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kochert, Michael N. 0000-0002-4380-3298 mkochert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-3298","contributorId":3037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kochert","given":"Michael","email":"mkochert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70141076,"text":"70141076 - 2014 - Coastal fog, climate change, and the environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-03T14:18:06","indexId":"70141076","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coastal fog, climate change, and the environment","docAbstract":"Coastal marine fog, a characteristic feature of climates generated at the eastern boundaries of ocean basins worldwide, evokes different feelings in those who experience it (see Figure 1). Authors and poets use fog to represent mystery, bleakness, and confusion. Film directors seek out fog to shroud scenes in eerie gloominess. Tourists visiting beaches bemoan the cool and damp conditions that create a striking contrast to the sunny warm conditions typically found less than a few kilometers inland. Airline passengers delayed by fog impatiently wait for the skies to clear. Residents get used to the Sun “rising” in midday after fog dissipates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2014EO500001","usgsCitation":"Torregrosa, A.A., O’Brien, T.A., and Faloona, I.C., 2014, Coastal fog, climate change, and the environment: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 95, no. 50, p. 473-474, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014EO500001.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"473","endPage":"474","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058114","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9db6d6v7","text":"External Repository"},{"id":299362,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"50","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9b3e4b027f0aee3bb01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torregrosa, Alicia A. 0000-0001-7361-2241 atorregrosa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-2241","contributorId":3471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torregrosa","given":"Alicia","email":"atorregrosa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Brien, Travis A.","contributorId":139259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12710,"text":"Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Earth Science Division","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faloona, Ian C.","contributorId":139260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faloona","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70144591,"text":"70144591 - 2014 - Arthropods of Rose Atoll with special reference to ants and Pulvinaria Urbicola Scales (Hempitera Coccidae) on Pisonia Grandis trees","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T12:32:08","indexId":"70144591","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-057","title":"Arthropods of Rose Atoll with special reference to ants and Pulvinaria Urbicola Scales (Hempitera Coccidae) on Pisonia Grandis trees","docAbstract":"Rose Atoll, at the eastern end of the Samoan Archipelago, is a small but important refuge for seabirds, shorebirds, and sea turtles. While the vertebrate community is relatively well-studied, the terrestrial arthropod fauna, and its role in ecosystem function, are poorly known. Arthropods may be influencing the decline of Pisonia grandis, an ecologically important tree that once dominated the 6.6 ha of land on Rose Atoll. Reasons for the decline are not fully understood but a facultative relationship between two invasive arthropods, the soft scale Pulvinaria urbicola and ants, likely has contributed to tree death. The primary objectives of this study were to systematically survey the terrestrial arthropod fauna and identify ant species that tend scales on Pisonia. Using an array of standard arthropod collecting techniques, at least 73 species from 20 orders were identified, including nine ant species. Of the ants collected, only Tetramorium bicarinatum and T. simillimum were observed tending scales on Pisonia. No known natural enemies of Pulvinaria scales were found, suggesting little predation on scale populations. Treatment of Pisonia with the systemic insecticide imidacloprid failed to eliminate Pulvinaria scales, although short-term suppression apparently occurred. The arthropod fauna of Rose Atoll is dominated by exotic species that likely have a significant impact on the structure and function of the island’s ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","usgsCitation":"Banko, P.C., Peck, R.W., Pendleton, F., Schmaedick, M., and Ernsberger, K., 2014, Arthropods of Rose Atoll with special reference to ants and Pulvinaria Urbicola Scales (Hempitera Coccidae) on Pisonia Grandis trees: Technical Report HCSU-057, iii, 22 p.","productDescription":"iii, 22 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061138","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312024,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299176,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hilo.hawaii.edu/hcsu/documents/HCSUTR057PeckRoseAtollFinal.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Rose Atoll; America Samoa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -168.63739013671875,\n -14.237762492417659\n ],\n [\n -168.6456298828125,\n -14.76691505925414\n ],\n [\n -167.926025390625,\n -14.780193975699978\n ],\n [\n -167.9150390625,\n -14.248411107424003\n ],\n [\n -168.63739013671875,\n -14.237762492417659\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5666bbc7e4b06a3ea36c8aff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banko, Paul C. 0000-0002-6035-9803 pbanko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-9803","contributorId":3179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"Paul","email":"pbanko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peck, Robert W.","contributorId":45629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pendleton, Frank","contributorId":39292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmaedick, Mark","contributorId":140009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmaedick","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":13353,"text":"American Samoa Community College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ernsberger, Kelsie","contributorId":140010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ernsberger","given":"Kelsie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13354,"text":"USGS Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155253,"text":"70155253 - 2014 - Understanding recent eastern Horn of Africa rainfall variability and change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T13:50:22","indexId":"70155253","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding recent eastern Horn of Africa rainfall variability and change","docAbstract":"Observations and sea surface temperature (SST)-forced ECHAM5 simulations are examined to study the seasonal cycle of eastern Africa rainfall and its SST sensitivity during 1979–2012, focusing on interannual variability and trends. The eastern Horn is drier than the rest of equatorial Africa, with two distinct wet seasons, and whereas the October–December wet season has become wetter, the March–May season has become drier.
\nThe climatological rainfall in simulations driven by observed SSTs captures this bimodal regime. The simulated trends also qualitatively reproduce the opposite-sign changes in the two rainy seasons, suggesting that SST forcing has played an important role in the observed changes. The consistency between the sign of 1979–2012 trends and interannual SST–precipitation correlations is exploited to identify the most likely locations of SST forcing of precipitation trends in the model, and conceivably also in nature. Results indicate that the observed March–May drying since 1979 is due to sensitivity to an increased zonal gradient in SST between Indonesia and the central Pacific. In contrast, the October–December precipitation increase is mostly due to western Indian Ocean warming.
\nThe recent upward trend in the October–December wet season is rather weak, however, and its statistical significance is compromised by strong year-to-year fluctuations. October–December eastern Horn rain variability is strongly associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean dipole phenomena on interannual scales, in both model and observations. The interannual October–December correlation between the ensemble-average and observed Horn rainfall 0.87. By comparison, interannual March–May Horn precipitation is only weakly constrained by SST anomalies.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00714.1","usgsCitation":"Liebmann, B., Hoerling, M.P., Funk, C.C., Blade, I., Dole, R.M., Allured, D., Quan, X., and Eischeid, J.K., 2014, Understanding recent eastern Horn of Africa rainfall variability and change: Journal of Climate, v. 27, p. 8660-8645, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00714.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"8660","endPage":"8645","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056089","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00714.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306510,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Horn of Africa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 40.166015625,\n -2.811371193331128\n ],\n [\n 42.275390625,\n -0.7031073524364783\n ],\n [\n 48.69140625,\n 5.266007882805511\n ],\n [\n 51.064453125,\n 10.487811882056683\n ],\n [\n 50.9765625,\n 12.21118019150401\n ],\n [\n 49.21875,\n 11.60919340793894\n ],\n [\n 46.93359375,\n 11.350796722383684\n ],\n [\n 45.17578125,\n 10.746969318460001\n ],\n [\n 43.41796875,\n 11.005904459659464\n ],\n [\n 43.2421875,\n 12.811801316582619\n ],\n [\n 41.8359375,\n 13.923403897723347\n ],\n [\n 40.25390625,\n 14.774882506516272\n ],\n [\n 36.298828125,\n 14.519780046326085\n ],\n [\n 35.77148437499999,\n 12.640338306846802\n ],\n [\n 34.80468749999999,\n 11.005904459659464\n ],\n [\n 34.1015625,\n 10.31491928581316\n ],\n [\n 33.92578125,\n 8.233237111274553\n ],\n [\n 33.22265625,\n 7.710991655433229\n ],\n [\n 33.486328125,\n 5.9657536710655235\n ],\n [\n 34.013671875,\n 2.7235830833483856\n ],\n [\n 33.92578125,\n -1.0546279422758742\n ],\n [\n 33.92578125,\n -2.5479878714713835\n ],\n [\n 33.92578125,\n -4.214943141390639\n ],\n [\n 39.19921875,\n -4.653079918274038\n ],\n [\n 40.166015625,\n -2.811371193331128\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f023e4b0bc0bec09f59a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liebmann, Brant","contributorId":145807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liebmann","given":"Brant","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16238,"text":"NOAA Earth Systems Research Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoerling, Martin P.","contributorId":145817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoerling","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12641,"text":"NOAA NMFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blade, Ileana","contributorId":145806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blade","given":"Ileana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16237,"text":"Institut Catala de Ciencies del Clima","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dole, Randall M.","contributorId":146364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dole","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Allured, Dave","contributorId":146365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allured","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Quan, Xiaowei","contributorId":146366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quan","given":"Xiaowei","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Eischeid, Jon K.","contributorId":70214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eischeid","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70193633,"text":"70193633 - 2014 - Soil CO2 emissions as a proxy for heat and mass flow assessment, Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T13:24:48","indexId":"70193633","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Soil CO2 emissions as a proxy for heat and mass flow assessment, Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand","title":"Soil CO2 emissions as a proxy for heat and mass flow assessment, Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand","docAbstract":"The quantification of heat and mass flow between deep reservoirs and the surface is important for understanding magmatic and hydrothermal systems. Here, we use high-resolution measurement of carbon dioxide flux (φCO2) and heat flow at the surface to characterize the mass (CO2 and steam) and heat released to the atmosphere from two magma-hydrothermal systems. Our soil gas and heat flow surveys at Rotokawa and White Island in the Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand, include over 3000 direct measurements of φCO2 and soil temperature and 60 carbon isotopic values on soil gases. Carbon dioxide flux was separated into background and magmatic/hydrothermal populations based on the measured values and isotopic characterization. Total CO2 emission rates (ΣCO2) of 441 ± 84 t d−1 and 124 ± 18 t d−1were calculated for Rotokawa (2.9 km2) and for the crater floor at White Island (0.3 km2), respectively. The total CO2 emissions differ from previously published values by +386 t d−1 at Rotokawa and +25 t d−1 at White Island, demonstrating that earlier research underestimated emissions by 700% (Rotokawa) and 25% (White Island). These differences suggest that soil CO2 emissions facilitate more robust estimates of the thermal energy and mass flux in geothermal systems than traditional approaches. Combining the magmatic/hydrothermal-sourced CO2 emission (constrained using stable isotopes) with reservoir H2O:CO2mass ratios and the enthalpy of evaporation, the surface expression of thermal energy release for the Rotokawa hydrothermal system (226 MWt) is 10 times greater than the White Island crater floor (22.5 MWt).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014GC005327","usgsCitation":"Bloomberg, S., Werner, C.A., Rissmann, C., Mazot, A., Horton, T.B., Gravley, D., Kennedy, B., and Oze, C., 2014, Soil CO2 emissions as a proxy for heat and mass flow assessment, Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 15, no. 12, p. 4885-4904, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GC005327.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"4885","endPage":"4904","ipdsId":"IP-056695","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","otherGeospatial":"Taupō Volcanic Zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 175.14404296874997,\n -39.30029918615028\n ],\n [\n 177.978515625,\n -39.30029918615028\n ],\n [\n 177.978515625,\n -36.43896124085945\n ],\n [\n 175.14404296874997,\n -36.43896124085945\n ],\n [\n 175.14404296874997,\n -39.30029918615028\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eaae4b0531197b27f9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bloomberg, S.","contributorId":190945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bloomberg","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Werner, Cynthia A. cwerner@usgs.gov","contributorId":2540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"Cynthia","email":"cwerner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rissmann, C.F.","contributorId":190944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rissmann","given":"C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mazot, A.","contributorId":190947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazot","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Horton, Travis B.","contributorId":193589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horton","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gravley, D","contributorId":199669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gravley","given":"D","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kennedy, B.","contributorId":191614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Oze, C","contributorId":199670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oze","given":"C","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70193637,"text":"70193637 - 2014 - Cogenetic late Pleistocene rhyolite and cumulate diorites from Augustine Volcano revealed by SIMS 238U-230Th dating of zircon, and implications for silicic magma generation by extraction from mush","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-05T09:26:17","indexId":"70193637","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Cogenetic late Pleistocene rhyolite and cumulate diorites from Augustine Volcano revealed by SIMS 238U-230Th dating of zircon, and implications for silicic magma generation by extraction from mush","title":"Cogenetic late Pleistocene rhyolite and cumulate diorites from Augustine Volcano revealed by SIMS 238U-230Th dating of zircon, and implications for silicic magma generation by extraction from mush","docAbstract":"Augustine Volcano, a frequently active andesitic island stratocone, erupted a late Pleistocene rhyolite pumice fall that is temporally linked through zircon geochronology to cumulate dioritic blocks brought to the surface in Augustine's 2006 eruption. Zircon from the rhyolite yield a 238U-230Th age of ∼25 ka for their unpolished rims, and their interiors yield a bimodal age populations at ∼26 ka and a minority at ∼41 ka. Zircon from dioritic blocks, ripped from Augustine's shallow magmatic plumbing system and ejected during the 2006 eruption, have interiors defining a ∼26 ka age population that is indistinguishable from that for the rhyolite; unpolished rims on the dioritic zircon are dominantly younger (≤12 ka) indicating subsequent crystallization. Zircon from rhyolite and diorite overlap in U, Hf, Ti, and REE concentrations although diorites also contain a second population of high-U, high temperature grains. Andesites that brought dioritic blocks to the surface in 2006 contain zircon with young (≤9 ka) rims and a scattering of older ages, but few zircon that crystallized during the 26 ka interval. Both the Pleistocene-age rhyolite and the 2006 dioritic inclusions plot along a whole-rock compositional trend distinct from mid-Holocene–present andesites and dacites, and the diorites, rhyolite, and two early Holocene dacites define linear unmixing trends often oblique to the main andesite array and consistent with melt (rhyolite) extraction from a mush (dacites), leaving behind a cumulate amphibole-bearing residue (diorites). Rare zircon antecrysts up to ∼300 ka from all rock types indicate that a Quaternary center has been present longer than preserved surficial deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/2014GC005589","usgsCitation":"Coombs, M.L., and Vazquez, J.A., 2014, Cogenetic late Pleistocene rhyolite and cumulate diorites from Augustine Volcano revealed by SIMS 238U-230Th dating of zircon, and implications for silicic magma generation by extraction from mush: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 15, no. 12, p. 4846-4865, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GC005589.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"4846","endPage":"4865","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-051774","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014gc005589","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Augustine Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.58131408691406,\n 59.3167251017617\n ],\n [\n -153.3313751220703,\n 59.3167251017617\n ],\n [\n -153.3313751220703,\n 59.41993301322722\n ],\n [\n -153.58131408691406,\n 59.41993301322722\n ],\n [\n -153.58131408691406,\n 59.3167251017617\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eaae4b0531197b27f9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coombs, Michelle L. 0000-0002-6002-6806 mcoombs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6002-6806","contributorId":2809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"Michelle","email":"mcoombs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vazquez, Jorge A. 0000-0003-2754-0456 jvazquez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-0456","contributorId":4458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vazquez","given":"Jorge","email":"jvazquez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70177808,"text":"70177808 - 2014 - Comprehensive framework for ecological assessment of the Migratory Bird Habitat Initiative following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-21T15:29:03","indexId":"70177808","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comprehensive framework for ecological assessment of the Migratory Bird Habitat Initiative following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill","docAbstract":"Following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in April 2010, the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) established and funded the Migratory Bird Habitat Initiative (MBHI), with the goal of improving and increasing wetland habitats on private lands to benefit wintering and migrating waterbirds displaced from oil-impacted coastal wetlands. The NRCS and conservation partners provided financial and technical assistance to landowners and managers of sites enrolled in various conservation easement programs, and incorporated approximately 190,000 ha of wetlands and agricultural lands in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV) and Gulf Coast regions in the MBHI. In fall 2010, the NRCS worked with scientists and graduate students from three universities and various conservation agencies to design and implement landscape-scale evaluations of (1) the use of MBHI-managed wetlands and comparable non-MBHI wetlands by Charadriiformes(shorebirds), Anseriformes (waterfowl), and other waterbirds; and (2) the relative effectiveness of different MBHI practices for providing habitat and food resources for migrating, resident, and wintering waterbirds. In this paper, we describe the scientific framework designed to evaluate the MBHI in improving waterbird habitats on private lands in the MAV, the Gulf Coast Prairies in Louisiana and Texas, and Gulf coastal wetlands of Mississippi and Alabama. The results of our evaluation will enhance our understanding of the influence of MBHI, other Farm Bill Conservation Initiative managed lands (e.g., Wetland Reserve Program), and selected agricultural working lands (e.g., Oryza sativa L. [Rice] fields in southern Louisiana and Texas) on wintering and migrating waterbirds. A proactive approach that uses science to evaluate governmental conservation programs is relevant and can inform development of meaningful public policy that likely will be needed for effective delivery of future conservation programs and to justify financial incentives paid to landowners to apply best management practices.
","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/058.013.0419","usgsCitation":"Davis, J., Webb, E.B., Kaminski, R.M., Barbour, P.J., and Vilella, F., 2014, Comprehensive framework for ecological assessment of the Migratory Bird Habitat Initiative following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 13, no. 4, p. G66-G81, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.013.0419.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"G66","endPage":"G81","ipdsId":"IP-053870","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330330,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5810c906e4b0f497e7973e89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, J. Brian","contributorId":172316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"J. Brian","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":651854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaminski, Richard M.","contributorId":78205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaminski","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":651856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barbour, Philip J.","contributorId":176199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barbour","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vilella, Francisco 0000-0003-1552-9989 fvilella@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1552-9989","contributorId":171363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vilella","given":"Francisco","email":"fvilella@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70186668,"text":"70186668 - 2014 - Widespread gas hydrate instability on the upper U.S. Beaufort margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T10:25:50","indexId":"70186668","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Widespread gas hydrate instability on the upper U.S. Beaufort margin","docAbstract":"The most climate-sensitive methane hydrate deposits occur on upper continental slopes at depths close to the minimum pressure and maximum temperature for gas hydrate stability. At these water depths, small perturbations in intermediate ocean water temperatures can lead to gas hydrate dissociation. The Arctic Ocean has experienced more dramatic warming than lower latitudes, but observational data have not been used to study the interplay between upper slope gas hydrates and warming ocean waters. Here we use (a) legacy seismic data that constrain upper slope gas hydrate distributions on the U.S. Beaufort Sea margin, (b) Alaskan North Slope borehole data and offshore thermal gradients determined from gas hydrate stability zone thickness to infer regional heat flow, and (c) 1088 direct measurements to characterize multidecadal intermediate ocean warming in the U.S. Beaufort Sea. Combining these data with a three-dimensional thermal model shows that the observed gas hydrate stability zone is too deep by 100 to 250 m. The disparity can be partially attributed to several processes, but the most important is the reequilibration (thinning) of gas hydrates in response to significant (~0.5°C at 2σ certainty) warming of intermediate ocean temperatures over 39 years in a depth range that brackets the upper slope extent of the gas hydrate stability zone. Even in the absence of additional ocean warming, 0.44 to 2.2 Gt of methane could be released from reequilibrating gas hydrates into the sediments underlying an area of ~5–7.5 × 103 km2 on the U.S. Beaufort Sea upper slope during the next century.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2014JB011290","usgsCitation":"Phrampus, B.J., Hornbach, M.J., Ruppel, C., and Hart, P.E., 2014, Widespread gas hydrate instability on the upper U.S. Beaufort margin: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 119, no. 12, p. 8594-8609, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011290.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"8594","endPage":"8609","ipdsId":"IP-059791","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1402351","text":"External Repository"},{"id":339397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160,\n 69.5\n ],\n [\n -140,\n 69.5\n ],\n [\n -140,\n 72.5\n ],\n [\n -160,\n 72.5\n ],\n [\n -160,\n 69.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a545e4b09da6799d63b1","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2014jb011290","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014jb011290","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Phrampus Benjamin J., Hornbach Matthew J., Ruppel Carolyn D., Hart Patrick E.","journalName":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","publicationDate":"12/2014","auditedOn":"12/7/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phrampus, Benjamin J.","contributorId":190655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phrampus","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornbach, Matthew J.","contributorId":14258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornbach","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D. 0000-0003-2284-6632 cruppel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6632","contributorId":145770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn D.","email":"cruppel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":690218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hart, Patrick E. 0000-0002-5080-1426 hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5080-1426","contributorId":2879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Patrick","email":"hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70138723,"text":"70138723 - 2014 - Waterfowl habitat use and selection during the remigial moult period in the northern hemisphere","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-22T11:36:18","indexId":"70138723","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3764,"text":"Wildfowl","onlineIssn":"2052-6458","printIssn":"0954-6324","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waterfowl habitat use and selection during the remigial moult period in the northern hemisphere","docAbstract":"This paper reviews factors affecting site selection amongst waterfowl (Anatidae) during the flightless remigial moult, emphasising the roles of predation and food supply (especially protein and energy). The current literature suggests survival during flightless moult is at least as high as at other times of the annual cycle, but documented cases of predation of flightless waterfowl under particular conditions lead us to infer that habitat selection is generally highly effective in mitigating or avoiding predation. High energetic costs of feather replacement and specific amino-acid requirements for their construction imply adoption of special energetic and nutritional strategies at a time when flightlessness limits movements. Some waterfowl meet their energy needs from endogenous stores accumulated prior to remigial moult, others rely on exogenous supply, but this varies with species, age, reproductive status and site. Limited evidence suggests feather proteins are derived from endogenous and exogenous sources which may affect site selection. Remigial moult does not occur independently of other annual cycle events and is affected by reproductive investment and success. Hence, moult strategies are affected by age, sex and reproductive history, and may be influenced by the need to attain a certain internal state for the next stage in the annual cycle (e.g. autumn migration). We know little about habitat selection during moult and urge more research of this poorly known part of the annual cycle, with particular emphasis on identifying key concentrations and habitats for specific flyway populations and the effects of disturbance upon these. This knowledge will better inform conservation actions and management actions concerning waterfowl during moult and the habitats that they exploit.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust","usgsCitation":"Fox, A.D., Flint, P.L., Hohman, W.L., and Savard, J.L., 2014, Waterfowl habitat use and selection during the remigial moult period in the northern hemisphere: Wildfowl, no. 4, p. 131-168.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"168","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050972","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297434,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildfowl.wwt.org.uk/index.php/wildfowl/article/view/2605/0"}],"issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2acfe4b08de9379b3219","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fox, Anthony D.","contributorId":130960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fox","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7177,"text":"Dept of Bioscience, Aahus Univ, Denmark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hohman, William L.","contributorId":73141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hohman","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savard, Jean-Pierre L.","contributorId":101776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savard","given":"Jean-Pierre","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6962,"text":"Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70138724,"text":"70138724 - 2014 - Drivers of waterfowl population dynamics: from teal to swans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-21T15:12:25","indexId":"70138724","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3764,"text":"Wildfowl","onlineIssn":"2052-6458","printIssn":"0954-6324","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drivers of waterfowl population dynamics: from teal to swans","docAbstract":"Waterfowl are among the best studied and most extensively monitored species in the world. Given their global importance for sport and subsistence hunting, viewing and ecosystem functioning, great effort has been devoted since the middle part of the 20th century to understanding both the environmental and demographic mechanisms that influence waterfowl population and community dynamics. Here we use comparative approaches to summarise and contrast our understanding ofwaterfowl population dynamics across species as short-lived as the teal Anas discors and A.crecca to those such as the swans Cygnus sp. which have long life-spans. Specifically, we focus on population responses to vital rate perturbations across life history strategies, discuss bottom-up and top-down responses of waterfowlpopulations to global change, and summarise our current understanding of density dependence across waterfowl species. We close by identifying research needs and highlight ways to overcome the challenges of sustainably managing waterfowl populations in the 21st century.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust","usgsCitation":"Koons, D.N., Gunnarsson, G., Schmutz, J.A., and Rotella, J.J., 2014, Drivers of waterfowl population dynamics: from teal to swans: Wildfowl, no. Special Issue 4, p. 169-191.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052740","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297447,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297435,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildfowl.wwt.org.uk/index.php/wildfowl/article/view/2606"}],"issue":"Special Issue 4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a6de4b08de9379b3057","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koons, David N.","contributorId":28137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gunnarsson, Gunnar","contributorId":138846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gunnarsson","given":"Gunnar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rotella, Jay J.","contributorId":37271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rotella","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5098,"text":"Department of Ecology, Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189809,"text":"70189809 - 2014 - Paleogeomorphology of the early Colorado River inferred from relationships in Mohave and Cottonwood Valleys, Arizona, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-26T15:40:00","indexId":"70189809","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleogeomorphology of the early Colorado River inferred from relationships in Mohave and Cottonwood Valleys, Arizona, California and Nevada","docAbstract":"Geologic investigations of late Miocene–early Pliocene deposits in Mohave and Cottonwood valleys provide important insights into the early evolution of the lower Colorado River system. In the latest Miocene these valleys were separate depocenters; the floor of Cottonwood Valley was ∼200 m higher than the floor of Mohave Valley. When Colorado River water arrived from the north after 5.6 Ma, a shallow lake in Cottonwood Valley spilled into Mohave Valley, and the river then filled both valleys to ∼560 m above sea level (asl) and overtopped the bedrock divide at the southern end of Mohave Valley. Sediment-starved water spilling to the south gradually eroded the outlet as siliciclastic Bouse deposits filled the lake upstream. When sediment accumulation reached the elevation of the lowering outlet, continued erosion of the outlet resulted in recycling of stored lacustrine sediment into downstream basins; depth of erosion of the outlet and upstream basins was limited by the water levels in downstream basins. The water level in the southern Bouse basin was ∼300 m asl (modern elevation) at 4.8 Ma. It must have drained and been eroded to a level <150 m asl soon after that to allow for deep erosion of bedrock divides and basins upstream, leading to removal of large volumes of Bouse sediment prior to massive early Pliocene Colorado River aggradation. Abrupt lowering of regional base level due to spilling of a southern Bouse lake to the Gulf of California could have driven observed upstream river incision without uplift. Rapid uplift of the entire region immediately after 4.8 Ma would have been required to drive upstream incision if the southern Bouse was an estuary.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00988.1","usgsCitation":"Pearthree, P., and House, K., 2014, Paleogeomorphology of the early Colorado River inferred from relationships in Mohave and Cottonwood Valleys, Arizona, California and Nevada: Geosphere, v. 10, no. 6, p. 1139-1160, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00988.1.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1139","endPage":"1160","ipdsId":"IP-053171","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00988.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Cottonwood Valley, Mohave Valley","volume":"10","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5979aa56e4b0ec1a488b8c19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearthree, Philip","contributorId":195166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearthree","given":"Philip","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"House, Kyle 0000-0002-0019-8075 khouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-8075","contributorId":2293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"Kyle","email":"khouse@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70144590,"text":"70144590 - 2014 - Dynamics and ecological consequences of the 2013−2014 koa moth outbreak at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T12:32:42","indexId":"70144590","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-058","title":"Dynamics and ecological consequences of the 2013−2014 koa moth outbreak at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge.","docAbstract":"A massive outbreak of the koa moth (Geometridea: Scotorythra paludicola) defoliated more than a third of the koa (Acacia koa) forest on Hawai‘i Island during 2013−2014. This was the largest koa moth outbreak ever recorded and the first on the island since 1953. The outbreak spread to sites distributed widely around the island between 800−2,000 m elevation and in wet rainforest to dry woodland habitats. We monitored the outbreak at two windward forest sites (Laupāhoehoe and Saddle Road Kīpuka) and one leeward forest site (Kona), and we studied the dynamics of the outbreak and its impacts on the forest ecosystem at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, our higher elevation windward site. Study sites at Hakalau included two stands of koa that were planted (reforestation stands) in former cattle pastureland about 20 years earlier and two stands of koa that were dominated by ‘ōhi‘a (Metrosideros polymorpha) and that were naturally recovering from cattle grazing (forest stands). We observed one outbreak at Hakalau, multiple outbreaks at the two other windward sites, but no outbreak at the leeward site. Caterpillars at Hakalau reached peak estimated abundances of more than 250,000 per tree and 18,000,000 per hectare, and they removed between 64−93% of the koa canopy in managed forest stands. Defoliation was more extensive in naturally recovering forest, where ‘ōhi‘a dominated and koa was less abundant, compared to the planted stands, where koa density was high. Koa trees were still growing new foliage six months after being defoliated, and leaves were produced in greater proportion to phyllodes, especially by small koa (≤ 8 cm dbh) and by larger trees in forest stands, where light levels may have remained relatively low after defoliation due to the high cover of ‘ōhi‘a. Small branches of many trees apparently died, and canopy regrowth was absent or low in 9% of koa trees and seedlings, which indicates the likely level of mortality. Between 2,000−5,000 kg/ha of frass fell during the defoliation event, resulting in the deposition of up to 200 kg/ha of highly labile nitrogen on the forest floor in less than two months. The deposition of nitrogen was detected as pulses in resin-available nitrogen in the top 5−10 cm of soil at two of three sites. These sites showed elevated soil nitrogen for about seven months. Nitrogen content of understory plant foliage, which is indicative of nitrogen uptake, suggested weak and variable effects of nitrogen deposition in the soil. Foliar nitrogen increased slightly in alien pasture grasses four months after the deposition of frass, although distinctive increases were not detected in native woody species. Birds responded to the abundance of caterpillars by increasing their activity in koa during the buildup of caterpillars and decreasing their use of koa after defoliation. During the outbreak, caterpillars increased in the diets of the two generalist insectivores we examined, and nearly all species gained weight. Bats responded to the abundance of moths by compression of active foraging into the first three hours of darkness each night after presumably having reached a digestive bottleneck. Reduced foraging activity by bats also resulted in lower indices of detectability based upon acoustic monitoring when compared to non-outbreak years. Parasitoid wasps tracked caterpillar abundance, but the low rate at which they attacked caterpillars suggests that they had little influence on the population. The predatory yellowjacket (Vespula pensylvanica) did not respond to the outbreak. Although a single, protracted outbreak occurred at Hakalau, multiple outbreaks and defoliations occurred at lower elevations. Our results provide a broad foundation for evaluating the dynamics and impacts of future Scotorythra outbreaks.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","usgsCitation":"Banko, P.C., Peck, R.W., Yelenik, S.G., Paxton, E., Bonaccorso, F.J., Montoya-Aiona, K., and Foote, D., 2014, Dynamics and ecological consequences of the 2013−2014 koa moth outbreak at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge.: Technical Report HCSU-058, vi., 82 p.","productDescription":"vi., 82 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061803","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312050,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299175,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hilo.hawaii.edu/hcsu/documents/TR58_Banko_Moth_Outbreak.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Laupāhoehoe Forest Reserve, and at the Kīpuka","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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In the 1980s, this producing unit was flooded with CO2 in an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) project, leaving ∼30% of the injected CO2 in the 2800’ sandstone post-injection. This study utilizes isotopic and geochemical tracers from co-produced natural gas, oil and brine to determine the fate of the injected CO2, including the possibility of enhanced microbial conversion of CO2 to CH4 via methanogenesis. Stable carbon isotopes of CO2, CH4 and DIC, together with mol% CO2 show that 4 out of 17 wells sampled in the 2800’ sandstone are still producing injected CO2. The dominant fate of the injected CO2appears to be dissolution in formation fluids and gas-phase trapping. There is some isotopic and geochemical evidence for enhanced microbial methanogenesis in 2 samples; however, the CO2 spread unevenly throughout the reservoir, and thus cannot explain the elevated indicators for methanogenesis observed across the entire field. Vertical migration out of the target 2800’ sandstone reservoir is also apparent in 3 samples located stratigraphically above the target sand. Reservoirs comparable to the 2800’ sandstone, located along a 90-km transect, were also sampled to investigate regional trends in gas composition, brine chemistry and microbial activity. Microbial methane, likely sourced from biodegradation of organic substrates within the formation, was found in all oil fields sampled, while indicators of methanogenesis (e.g. high alkalinity, δ13C-CO2 and δ13C-DIC values) and oxidation of propane were greatest in the Olla Field, likely due to its more ideal environmental conditions (i.e. suitable range of pH, temperature, salinity, sulfate and iron concentrations).
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.09.015","usgsCitation":"Shelton, J., McIntosh, J.C., Warwick, P.D., and Lee Zhi Yi, A., 2014, Fate of injected CO2 in the Wilcox Group, Louisiana, Gulf Coast Basin: Chemical and isotopic tracers of microbial–brine–rock–CO2 interactions: Applied Geochemistry, v. 51, p. 155-169, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.09.015.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"169","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049302","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320987,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.70263671874999,\n 31.019986671412497\n ],\n [\n -92.70263671874999,\n 32.03602003973757\n ],\n [\n -91.658935546875,\n 32.03602003973757\n ],\n [\n -91.658935546875,\n 31.019986671412497\n ],\n [\n -92.70263671874999,\n 31.019986671412497\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"572c6eaee4b09acee7535b77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shelton, Jenna L. 0000-0002-1377-0675 jlshelton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-0675","contributorId":5025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelton","given":"Jenna L.","email":"jlshelton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":628812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntosh, Jennifer C.","contributorId":139870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntosh","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13301,"text":"Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee Zhi Yi, Amelia","contributorId":169185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee Zhi Yi","given":"Amelia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6651,"text":"Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189777,"text":"70189777 - 2014 - Late Holocene slip rate and ages of prehistoric earthquakes along the Maacama Fault near Willits, Mendocino County, northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-26T11:21:18","indexId":"70189777","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Holocene slip rate and ages of prehistoric earthquakes along the Maacama Fault near Willits, Mendocino County, northern California","docAbstract":"The Maacama fault is the northward continuation of the Hayward–Rodgers Creek fault system and creeps at a rate of 5.7±0.1 mm/yr (averaged over the last 20 years) in Willits, California. Our paleoseismic studies at Haehl Creek suggest that the Maacama fault has produced infrequent large earthquakes in addition to creep. Fault terminations observed in several excavations provide evidence that a prehistoric surface‐rupturing earthquake occurred between 1060 and 1180 calibrated years (cal) B.P. at the Haehl Creek site. A folding event, which we attribute to a more recent large earthquake, occurred between 790 and 1060 cal B.P. In the last 560–690 years, a buried channel deposit has been offset 4.6±0.2 m, giving an average slip rate of 6.4–8.6 mm/yr, which is higher than the creep rate over the last 20 years. The difference between this slip rate and the creep rate suggests that coseismic slip up to 1.7 m could have occurred after the formation of the channel deposit and could be due to a paleoearthquake known from paleoseismic studies in the Ukiah Valley, about 25 km to the southeast. Therefore, we infer that at least two, and possibly three, large earthquakes have occurred at the Haehl Creek site since 1180 cal B.P. (770 C.E.), consistent with earlier studies suggesting infrequent, large earthquakes on the Maacama fault. The short‐term geodetic slip rate across the Maacama fault zone is approximately twice the slip rate that we have documented at the Haehl Creek site, which is averaged over the last approximately 600 years. If the geodetic rate represents the long‐term slip accumulation across the fault zone, then we infer that, in the last ∼1200 years, additional earthquakes may have occurred either on the Haehl Creek segment of the Maacama fault or on other active faults within the Maacama fault zone at this latitude.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120140003","usgsCitation":"Prentice, C.S., Larsen, M.C., Kelsey, H.M., and Zachariasen, J., 2014, Late Holocene slip rate and ages of prehistoric earthquakes along the Maacama Fault near Willits, Mendocino County, northern California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 104, no. 6, p. 2966-2984, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120140003.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"2966","endPage":"2984","ipdsId":"IP-053430","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344325,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Mendocino County","city":"Willits","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.37509155273436,\n 39.37889504706486\n ],\n [\n -123.28582763671875,\n 39.37889504706486\n ],\n [\n -123.28582763671875,\n 39.47542552260568\n ],\n [\n -123.37509155273436,\n 39.47542552260568\n ],\n [\n -123.37509155273436,\n 39.37889504706486\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5979aa56e4b0ec1a488b8c1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prentice, Carol S. 0000-0003-3732-3551 cprentice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-3551","contributorId":2676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"Carol","email":"cprentice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larsen, Martin C.","contributorId":195130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larsen","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelsey, Harvey M.","contributorId":184057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelsey","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zachariasen, Judith","contributorId":195131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zachariasen","given":"Judith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70137755,"text":"70137755 - 2014 - Book review: Amphibians and reptiles in Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T14:29:42","indexId":"70137755","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3580,"text":"The Prairie Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Amphibians and reptiles in Minnesota","docAbstract":"The photograph of a young boy poised to capture a wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) on page 3 of Amphibians and Reptiles in Minnesota captures perfectly the sense of awe and wonderment that one encounters throughout John Moriarty and Carol Hall’s new book. This is a spirit that most children possess naturally and that is so readily apparent when one of them comes face-to-face with one of the 53 species of frogs, toads, salamanders, turtles, lizards, or snakes that make Minnesota their home. This is a spirit that the authors have maintained in their hearts throughout almost 30 years of chasing, capturing, and studying amphibians and reptiles (a.k.a., herptiles or herps) in Minnesota. It is also the spirit that you will find reawakening in yourself as you turn from one page to the next and encounter the abundant color photos and descriptive text within this book.
\nReview info: Amphibians and Reptiles in Minnesota. By John J. Moriarty and Carol D. Hall, 2014. ISBN: 978-0816690916, 370 pp.
","language":"English","publisher":"Great Plains Natural Science Society","usgsCitation":"Mushet, D.M., 2014, Book review: Amphibians and reptiles in Minnesota: The Prairie Naturalist, v. 46, no. 1, p. 113-113.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"113","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058219","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297228,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297133,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sdstate.edu/nrm/organizations/gpnss/tpn/2014-volume-46.cfm"}],"volume":"46","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a5ae4b08de9379b3002","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}