{"pageNumber":"1326","pageRowStart":"33125","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165350,"records":[{"id":70157312,"text":"70157312 - 2014 - 40Ar/39Ar geochronological constraints on the formation of the Dayingezhuang gold deposit: New implications for timing and duration of hydrothermal activity in the Jiaodong gold province, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-23T11:58:28","indexId":"70157312","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1848,"text":"Gondwana Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"40Ar/39Ar geochronological constraints on the formation of the Dayingezhuang gold deposit: New implications for timing and duration of hydrothermal activity in the Jiaodong gold province, China","docAbstract":"

China's largest gold resource is located in the highly endowed northwestern part of the Jiaodong gold province. Most gold deposits in this area are associated with the NE- to NNE-trending shear zones on the margins of the 130–126 Ma Guojialing granite. These deposits collectively formed at ca. 120 ± 5 Ma during rapid uplift of the granite. The Dayingezhuang deposit is a large (> 120 t Au) orogenic gold deposit in the same area, but located along the eastern margin of the Late Jurassic Linglong Metamorphic Core Complex. New 40Ar/39Ar geochronology on hydrothermal sericite and muscovite from the Dayingezhuang deposit indicate the gold event is related to evolution of the core complex at 130 ± 4 Ma and is the earliest important gold event that is well-documented in the province. The Dayingezhuang deposit occurs along the Linglong detachment fault, which defines the eastern edge of the ca. 160–150 Ma Linglong granite–granodiorite massif. The anatectic rocks of the massif were rapidly uplifted, at rates of at least 1 km/m.y. from depths of 25–30 km, to form the metamorphic core complex. The detachment fault, with Precambrian metamorphic basement rocks in the hangingwall and the Linglong granitoids and migmatites in the footwall, is characterized by early mylonitization and a local brittle overprinting in the footwall. Gold is associated with quartz–sericite–pyrite–K-feldspar altered footwall cataclasites at the southernmost area of the brittle deformation along the detachment fault. Our results indicate that there were two successive, yet distinct gold-forming tectonic episodes in northwestern Jiaodong. One event first reactivated the detachment fault along the edge of the Linglong massif between 134 and 126 Ma, and then a second reactivated the shears along the margins of the Guojialing granite. Both events may relate to a component of northwest compression after a middle Early Cretaceous shift from regional NW–SE extension to a NE–SW extensional regime.

","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Gondwana Research","publisherLocation":"Osaka, Japan","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2013.07.001","usgsCitation":"Yang, L., Deng, J., Goldfarb, R.J., Zhang, J., Gao, B., and Wang, Z., 2014, 40Ar/39Ar geochronological constraints on the formation of the Dayingezhuang gold deposit: New implications for timing and duration of hydrothermal activity in the Jiaodong gold province, China: Gondwana Research, v. 25, no. 4, p. 1469-1483, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2013.07.001.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1469","endPage":"1483","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042834","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473010,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2013.07.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308444,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5603cd2ce4b03bc34f544ae8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yang, Li-Qiang","contributorId":147906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Li-Qiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deng, J.","contributorId":11360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deng","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldfarb, Richard J. goldfarb@usgs.gov","contributorId":1205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"Richard","email":"goldfarb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhang, Jiahua","contributorId":35479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jiahua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gao, Bang-Fei","contributorId":147907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gao","given":"Bang-Fei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wang, Zhong-Liang","contributorId":147908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Zhong-Liang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70150435,"text":"70150435 - 2014 - Effects of smallmouth buffalo, Ictiobus bubalus biomass on water transparency, nutrients, and productivity in shallow experimental ponds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-26T11:34:32","indexId":"70150435","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of smallmouth buffalo, Ictiobus bubalus biomass on water transparency, nutrients, and productivity in shallow experimental ponds","docAbstract":"

The smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus bubalus is a native benthivore to floodplain lakes in the Yazoo River Basin, USA. Based on evidence from other benthivorous fish studies we hypothesized high biomasses of I. bubalus contribute to poor water quality conditions. We tested this hypothesis in shallow (< 1.5 m) 0.05 ha earthen ponds at three stocking biomasses over a 10-week period during the summer of 2012. The most notable results from the permutational multivariate analysis of variance suggest I. bubalus at high and moderate biomasses significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced turbidity and suspended solid levels while decreasing Secchi depth. Our results suggest that effects of I. bubalus on water clarity may have considerable ecological implications in natural habitats such as shallow floodplain lakes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s00128-014-1231-8","usgsCitation":"Goetz, D.B., Kroger, R., and Miranda, L.E., 2014, Effects of smallmouth buffalo, Ictiobus bubalus biomass on water transparency, nutrients, and productivity in shallow experimental ponds: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 92, no. 5, p. 503-508, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-014-1231-8.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"503","endPage":"508","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054941","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":302420,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558e77b5e4b0b6d21dd6594e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goetz, Daniel B.","contributorId":143784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goetz","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":557066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kroger, Robert","contributorId":143701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kroger","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":557067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148701,"text":"70148701 - 2014 - Influence of drift and admixture on population structure of American black bears (Ursus americanus) in the Central Interior Highlands, USA, 50 years after translocation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-22T11:08:05","indexId":"70148701","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of drift and admixture on population structure of American black bears (Ursus americanus) in the Central Interior Highlands, USA, 50 years after translocation","docAbstract":"

Bottlenecks, founder events, and genetic drift often result in decreased genetic diversity and increased population differentiation. These events may follow abundance declines due to natural or anthropogenic perturbations, where translocations may be an effective conservation strategy to increase population size. American black bears (Ursus americanus) were nearly extirpated from the Central Interior Highlands, USA by 1920. In an effort to restore bears, 254 individuals were translocated from Minnesota, USA, and Manitoba, Canada, into the Ouachita and Ozark Mountains from 1958 to 1968. Using 15 microsatellites and mitochondrial haplotypes, we observed contemporary genetic diversity and differentiation between the source and supplemented populations. We inferred four genetic clusters: Source, Ouachitas, Ozarks, and a cluster in Missouri where no individuals were translocated. Coalescent models using approximate Bayesian computation identified an admixture model as having the highest posterior probability (0.942) over models where the translocation was unsuccessful or acted as a founder event. Nuclear genetic diversity was highest in the source (AR = 9.11) and significantly lower in the translocated populations (AR = 7.07-7.34; P = 0.004). The Missouri cluster had the lowest genetic diversity (AR = 5.48) and served as a natural experiment showing the utility of translocations to increase genetic diversity following demographic bottlenecks. Differentiation was greater between the two admixed populations than either compared to the source, suggesting that genetic drift acted strongly over the eight generations since the translocation. The Ouachitas and Missouri were previously hypothesized to be remnant lineages. We observed a pretranslocation remnant signature in Missouri but not in the Ouachitas.

","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1111/mec.12748","collaboration":"Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation; Missouri Department of Conservation; Arkansas Game and Fish Commission; Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration program; Safari Club International Foundation; University of Missouri Life Sciences Fellowship; Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci","usgsCitation":"Puckett, E.E., Kristensen, T.V., Wilton, C.M., Lyda, S.B., Noyce, K.V., Holahan, P.M., Leslie, D.M., Beringer, J., Belant, J.L., White, D., and Eggert, L.S., 2014, Influence of drift and admixture on population structure of American black bears (Ursus americanus) in the Central Interior Highlands, USA, 50 years after translocation: Molecular Ecology, v. 23, no. 10, p. 2414-2427, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.12748.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2414","endPage":"2427","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052399","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301484,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558931c8e4b0b6d21dd61bed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Puckett, Emily E.","contributorId":141457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Puckett","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13494,"text":"Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":549584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kristensen, Thea V.","contributorId":141458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kristensen","given":"Thea","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilton, Clay M.","contributorId":141459,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilton","given":"Clay","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12944,"text":"Carnivore Ecology Laboratory, Forest and Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":549586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyda, Sara B.","contributorId":141460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyda","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Noyce, Karen V.","contributorId":141461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noyce","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holahan, Paula M.","contributorId":141462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holahan","given":"Paula","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. 0000-0002-3884-1484 cleslie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-1484","contributorId":2483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":549068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Beringer, J.","contributorId":25274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beringer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Belant, Jerrold L.","contributorId":108394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belant","given":"Jerrold","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35599,"text":"Carnivore Ecology Laboratory, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":549591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"White, D. Jr.","contributorId":81267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"D.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Eggert, Lori S.","contributorId":106325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eggert","given":"Lori","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13259,"text":"USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":549593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70134285,"text":"70134285 - 2014 - Multi-trophic resilience of boreal lake ecosystems to forest fires","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-23T15:48:43.593475","indexId":"70134285","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-trophic resilience of boreal lake ecosystems to forest fires","docAbstract":"

Fires are the major natural disturbance in the boreal forest, and their frequency and intensity will likely increase as the climate warms. Terrestrial nutrients released by fires may be transported to boreal lakes, stimulating increased primary productivity, which may radiate through multiple trophic levels. Using a before‐after‐control‐impact (BACI) design, with pre‐ and postfire data from burned and unburned areas, we examined effects of a natural fire across several trophic levels of boreal lakes, from nutrient and chlorophyll levels, to macroinvertebrates, to waterbirds. Concentrations of total nitrogen and phosphorus were not affected by the fire. Chlorophyll a levels were also unaffected, likely reflecting the stable nutrient concentrations. For aquatic invertebrates, we found that densities of three functional feeding groups did not respond to the fire (filterers, gatherers, scrapers), while two groups increased (shredders, predators). Amphipods accounted for 98% of shredder numbers, and we hypothesize that fire‐mediated habitat changes may have favored their generalist feeding and habitat ecology. This increase in amphipods may, in turn, have driven increased predator densities, as amphipods were the most numerous invertebrate in our lakes and are commonly taken as prey. Finally, abundance of waterbird young, which feed primarily on aquatic invertebrates, was not affected by the fire. Overall, ecosystems of our study lakes were largely resilient to forest fires, likely due to their high initial nutrient concentrations and small catchment sizes. Moreover, this resilience spanned multiple trophic levels, a significant result for ecologically similar boreal regions, especially given the high potential for increased fires with future climate change.

","language":"English","publisher":"Brooklyn Botanical Garden","publisherLocation":"Brooklyn, NY","doi":"10.1890/13-1170.1","usgsCitation":"Lewis, T., Lindberg, M., Schmutz, J.A., and Bertram, M., 2014, Multi-trophic resilience of boreal lake ecosystems to forest fires: Ecology, v. 95, no. 5, p. 1253-1263, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-1170.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1253","endPage":"1263","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051760","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/13-1170.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296376,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.337158203125,\n 65.96885156164706\n ],\n [\n -145.8984375,\n 65.96885156164706\n ],\n [\n -145.8984375,\n 67.35255537048229\n ],\n [\n -149.337158203125,\n 67.35255537048229\n ],\n [\n -149.337158203125,\n 65.96885156164706\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"95","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ee2cde4b09357f05f8a63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Tyler L.","contributorId":22904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Tyler L.","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindberg, Mark S.","contributorId":89466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"Mark S.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bertram, M.R.","contributorId":77387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bertram","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70112919,"text":"70112919 - 2014 - From theoretical to actual ecosystem services: mapping beneficiaries and spatial flows in ecosystem service assessments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-18T12:40:06","indexId":"70112919","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T11:58:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1468,"text":"Ecology and Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From theoretical to actual ecosystem services: mapping beneficiaries and spatial flows in ecosystem service assessments","docAbstract":"Ecosystem services mapping and modeling has focused more on supply than demand, until recently. Whereas the potential provision of economic benefits from ecosystems to people is often quantified through ecological production functions, the use of and demand for ecosystem services has received less attention, as have the spatial flows of services from ecosystems to people. However, new modeling approaches that map and quantify service-specific sources (ecosystem capacity to provide a service), sinks (biophysical or anthropogenic features that deplete or alter service flows), users (user locations and level of demand), and spatial flows can provide a more complete understanding of ecosystem services. Through a case study in Puget Sound, Washington State, USA, we quantify and differentiate between the theoretical or in situ provision of services, i.e., ecosystems’ capacity to supply services, and their actual provision when accounting for the location of beneficiaries and the spatial connections that mediate service flows between people and ecosystems. Our analysis includes five ecosystem services: carbon sequestration and storage, riverine flood regulation, sediment regulation for reservoirs, open space proximity, and scenic viewsheds. Each ecosystem service is characterized by different beneficiary groups and means of service flow. Using the ARtificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services (ARIES) methodology we map service supply, demand, and flow, extending on simpler approaches used by past studies to map service provision and use. With the exception of the carbon sequestration service, regions that actually provided services to people, i.e., connected to beneficiaries via flow paths, amounted to 16-66% of those theoretically capable of supplying services, i.e., all ecosystems across the landscape. These results offer a more complete understanding of the spatial dynamics of ecosystem services and their effects, and may provide a sounder basis for economic valuation and policy applications than studies that consider only theoretical service provision and/or use.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology and Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Resilience Alliance","doi":"10.5751/ES-06523-190264","usgsCitation":"Bagstad, K.J., Villa, F., Batker, D., Harrison-Cox, J., Voigt, B., and Johnson, G.W., 2014, From theoretical to actual ecosystem services: mapping beneficiaries and spatial flows in ecosystem service assessments: Ecology and Society, v. 19, no. 2, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-06523-190264.","productDescription":"14 p.","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051221","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473012,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-06523-190264","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":288808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288807,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-06523-190264"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8767,46.0676 ], [ -124.8767,48.9997 ], [ -119.7523,48.9997 ], [ -119.7523,46.0676 ], [ -124.8767,46.0676 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"19","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae76cfe4b0abf75cf2c02a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bagstad, Kenneth J. 0000-0001-8857-5615 kjbagstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8857-5615","contributorId":3680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagstad","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjbagstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Villa, Ferdinando","contributorId":84249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villa","given":"Ferdinando","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Batker, David","contributorId":39288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batker","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harrison-Cox, Jennifer","contributorId":68225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison-Cox","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Voigt, Brian","contributorId":102962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voigt","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Gary W.","contributorId":90618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70122794,"text":"70122794 - 2014 - USGS US topo maps for Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-30T14:56:09.812417","indexId":"70122794","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T11:54:20","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3539,"text":"The Alaska Miner","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS US topo maps for Alaska","docAbstract":"

In July 2013, the USGS National Geospatial Program began producing new topographic maps for Alaska, providing a new map series for the state known as US Topo. Prior to the start of US Topo map production in Alaska, the most detailed statewide USGS topographic maps were 15-minute 1:63,360-scale maps, with their original production often dating back nearly fifty years. The new 7.5-minute digital maps are created at 1:25,000 map scale, and show greatly increased topographic detail when compared to the older maps. The map scale and data specifications were selected based on significant outreach to various map user groups in Alaska.

\n
\n

This multi-year mapping initiative will vastly enhance the base topographic maps for Alaska and is possible because of improvements to key digital map datasets in the state. The new maps and data are beneficial in high priority applications such as safety, planning, research and resource management. New mapping will support science applications throughout the state and provide updated maps for parks, recreation lands and villages.

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Becci","contributorId":9974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Becci","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Tracy tfuller@usgs.gov","contributorId":3495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Tracy","email":"tfuller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":499691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70111898,"text":"70111898 - 2014 - Developing tools to eradicate ecologically destructive ants on Rose Atoll: effectiveness and attractiveness of formicidal baits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-03T11:17:36","indexId":"70111898","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T11:11:22","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"TR HCSU-052","title":"Developing tools to eradicate ecologically destructive ants on Rose Atoll: effectiveness and attractiveness of formicidal baits","docAbstract":"

A key factor contributing to the decline in the population of Pisonia grandis on Rose Atoll is an infestation of the non-native scale, Pulvinaria urbicola (Homoptera: Coccidae). Ants, in facultative relationships with scale insects, may facilitate scale population growth and increase their effect on plant hosts. Three ant species found on Rose Atoll, Tetramorium bicarinatum, T. simillimum, and Pheidole oceanica, are capable of tending Pulvinaria on Pisonia and may have contributed to the demise of the trees on the atoll. Replicated trials conducted on Rose Atoll during 17–21 March 2013 tested the effectiveness and relative attractiveness of five formicidal baits potentially to be used to eradicate these ants on the atoll. Three baits contained toxins (hydramethylnon in Amdro® and Maxforce®, indoxacarb in Provaunt®) and two baits contained an insect growth regulator (IGR; pyriproxyfen in Distance® and s-methoprene in Tango®). Amdro, Distance, and Maxforce are granular baits while Provaunt and Tango were mixed with adjuvants to form a gel-like matrix. Results varied among ant species and baits, but Provaunt was highly effective against workers of both Tetramorium species while Amdro and Maxforce were highly effective against T. simillimum and P. oceanica. Limited time on the island prevented the evaluation of the effectiveness of the IGR baits. The relative attractiveness of the baits generally mirrored their ability to kill worker ants. Tetramorium simillimum was attracted to all five baits; T. bicarinatum was attracted to Provaunt, Distance, and Tango; and P. oceanica was attracted to the three granular baits. These results and the small area of Rose Atoll suggest that island-wide application of formicidal baits may result in eradication of these ants, but an application strategy targeting all three species would more likely succeed with the use of multiple baits.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit Technical Report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Peck, R., Banko, P., and Pendleton, F., 2014, Developing tools to eradicate ecologically destructive ants on Rose Atoll: effectiveness and attractiveness of formicidal baits, ii, 13 p.","productDescription":"ii, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-056758","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289425,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288191,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hilo.hawaii.edu/hcsu/publications.php"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Rose Atoll","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -176.35,-20.0 ], [ -176.35,-8.96 ], [ -159.96,-8.96 ], [ -159.96,-20.0 ], [ -176.35,-20.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b67b6de4b014fc094d5460","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peck, Robert 0000-0002-8739-9493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8739-9493","contributorId":83027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banko, Paul","contributorId":46009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pendleton, Frank","contributorId":39292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70121262,"text":"70121262 - 2014 - The impact of climate change on coastal ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-13T11:12:09","indexId":"70121262","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T11:10:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"6","title":"The impact of climate change on coastal ecosystems","docAbstract":"In this chapter we stress two important features of coasts and coastal ecosystems. First, these are dynamic systems which continually undergo adjustments, especially through erosion and re-deposition, in response to a range of processes. Many coastal ecosystems adjust naturally at a range of time scales and their potential for response is examined partly by reconstructing how such systems have coped with natural changes of climate and sea level in the geological past. Second, coasts have changed profoundly through the 20th Century due to the impacts of human development (such as urbanisation, port and industrial expansion, shore protection, and the draining and conversion of coastal wetlands), with these development-related drivers closely linked to a growing global population and economy. It remains a challenge to isolate the impacts of climate change and sea-level rise from either the natural trajectory of shoreline change, or the accelerated pathway resulting from other human-related stressors. There exists a danger of overstating the importance of climate change, or overlooking significant interactions of climate change with other drivers.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oceans and human health: Implications for society and well-being","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","isbn":"978-1-119-94131-6","usgsCitation":"Woodroffe, C.D., Nicholls, R.J., Burkett, V., and Forbes, D.L., 2014, The impact of climate change on coastal ecosystems, chap. 6 of Oceans and human health: Implications for society and well-being, p. 141-176.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"176","numberOfPages":"36","ipdsId":"IP-024411","costCenters":[{"id":179,"text":"Climate and Land Use Change","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294791,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542e698ae4b092f17df5aad6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodroffe, Colin D.","contributorId":78665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodroffe","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicholls, Robert J.","contributorId":101581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholls","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burkett, Virginia 0000-0003-4746-2862 virginia_burkett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-2862","contributorId":2867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkett","given":"Virginia","email":"virginia_burkett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Forbes, Donald L.","contributorId":38487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forbes","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70103374,"text":"70103374 - 2014 - The digital global geologic map of Mars: Chronostratigraphic ages, topographic and crater morphologic characteristics, and updated resurfacing history","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-10T12:39:00","indexId":"70103374","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T11:02:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3083,"text":"Planetary and Space Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The digital global geologic map of Mars: Chronostratigraphic ages, topographic and crater morphologic characteristics, and updated resurfacing history","docAbstract":"A new global geologic map of Mars has been completed in a digital, geographic information system (GIS) format using geospatially controlled altimetry and image data sets. The map reconstructs the geologic history of Mars, which includes many new findings collated in the quarter century since the previous, Viking-based global maps were published, as well as other discoveries that were made during the course of the mapping using new data sets. The technical approach enabled consistent and regulated mapping that is appropriate not only for the map's 1:20,000,000 scale but also for its widespread use by diverse audiences. Each geologic unit outcrop includes basic attributes regarding identity, location, area, crater densities, and chronostratigraphic age. In turn, units are grouped by geographic and lithologic types, which provide synoptic global views of material ages and resurfacing character for the Noachian, Hesperian, and Amazonian periods. As a consequence of more precise and better quality topographic and morphologic data and more complete crater-density dating, our statistical comparisons identify significant refinements for how Martian geologic terrains are characterized. Unit groups show trends in mean elevation and slope that relate to geographic occurrence and geologic origin. In comparison with the previous global geologic map series based on Viking data, the new mapping consists of half the number of units due to simpler, more conservative and globally based approaches to discriminating units. In particular, Noachian highland surfaces overall have high percentages of their areas now dated as an epoch older than in the Viking mapping. Minimally eroded (i.e., pristine) impact craters ≥3 km in diameter occur in greater proportion on Hesperian surfaces. This observation contrasts with a deficit of similarly sized craters on heavily cratered and otherwise degraded Noachian terrain as well as on young Amazonian surfaces. We interpret these as reflecting the relatively stronger, lava-rich, yet less-impacted materials making up much of the younger units. Reconstructions of resurfacing of Mars by its eight geologic epochs using the Hartmann and Neukum chronology models indicate high rates of highland resurfacing during the Noachian (peaking at 0.3 km2/yr during the Middle Noachian), modest rates of volcanism and transition zone and lowland resurfacing during the Hesperian (∼0.1 km2/yr), and low rates of mainly volcanic and polar resurfacing (∼0.01 km2/yr) for most of the Amazonian. Apparent resurfacing increased in the Late Amazonian (∼0.03 km2/yr), perhaps due to better preservation of this latest record.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.pss.2013.03.006","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, K.L., Robbins, S., Fortezzo, C.M., Skinner, J., and Hare, T.M., 2014, The digital global geologic map of Mars: Chronostratigraphic ages, topographic and crater morphologic characteristics, and updated resurfacing history: Planetary and Space Science, v. 95, p. 11-24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2013.03.006.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-040880","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286845,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"95","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5365918de4b05b5c4c6db169","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, Kenneth L. ktanaka@usgs.gov","contributorId":610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanaka","given":"Kenneth","email":"ktanaka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robbins, S.J.","contributorId":44835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fortezzo, Corey M. 0000-0001-8188-5530 cfortezzo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-5530","contributorId":3185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortezzo","given":"Corey","email":"cfortezzo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Skinner, J.A. Jr.","contributorId":80395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"J.A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hare, Trent M. 0000-0001-8842-389X thare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":3188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"Trent","email":"thare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70136301,"text":"70136301 - 2014 - Identifying stakeholder-relevant climate change impacts: a case study in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-30T10:49:40","indexId":"70136301","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying stakeholder-relevant climate change impacts: a case study in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, USA","docAbstract":"

Designing climate-related research so that study results will be useful to natural resource managers is a unique challenge. While decision makers increasingly recognize the need to consider climate change in their resource management plans, and climate scientists recognize the importance of providing locally-relevant climate data and projections, there often remains a gap between management needs and the information that is available or is being collected. We used decision analysis concepts to bring decision-maker and stakeholder perspectives into the applied research planning process. In 2009 we initiated a series of studies on the impacts of climate change in the Yakima River Basin (YRB) with a four-day stakeholder workshop, bringing together managers, stakeholders, and scientists to develop an integrated conceptual model of climate change and climate change impacts in the YRB. The conceptual model development highlighted areas of uncertainty that limit the understanding of the potential impacts of climate change and decision alternatives by those who will be most directly affected by those changes, and pointed to areas where additional study and engagement of stakeholders would be beneficial. The workshop and resulting conceptual model highlighted the importance of numerous different outcomes to stakeholders in the basin, including social and economic outcomes that go beyond the physical and biological outcomes typically reported in climate impacts studies. Subsequent studies addressed several of those areas of uncertainty, including changes in water temperatures, habitat quality, and bioenergetics of salmonid populations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/s10584-013-0806-4","usgsCitation":"Jenni, K., Graves, D., Hardiman, J.M., Hatten, J.R., Mastin, M.C., Mesa, M.G., Montag, J., Nieman, T., Voss, F.D., and Maule, A.G., 2014, Identifying stakeholder-relevant climate change impacts: a case study in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, USA: Climatic Change, v. 124, no. 1-2, p. 371-384, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0806-4.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"371","endPage":"384","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037460","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473015,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1007/s10584-013-0806-4","text":"External Repository"},{"id":296924,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296907,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10584-013-0806-4"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Yakima River Basin","volume":"124","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bcee4b08de9379b34e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenni, K.","contributorId":131113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenni","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7250,"text":"Insight Decisions LCC, 2200 Quitman Street, Denver, CO 80212","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graves, D.","contributorId":15393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hardiman, Jill M. 0000-0002-3661-9695 jhardiman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3661-9695","contributorId":2672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardiman","given":"Jill","email":"jhardiman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatten, James R. 0000-0003-4676-8093 jhatten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4676-8093","contributorId":3431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatten","given":"James","email":"jhatten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mastin, Mark C. 0000-0003-4018-7861 mcmastin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4018-7861","contributorId":1652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Mark","email":"mcmastin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mesa, Matthew G. mmesa@usgs.gov","contributorId":3423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"Matthew","email":"mmesa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Montag, J.","contributorId":10124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montag","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nieman, Timothy","contributorId":91965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nieman","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Voss, Frank D. fdvoss@usgs.gov","contributorId":1651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Frank","email":"fdvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Maule, Alec G. amaule@usgs.gov","contributorId":2606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"Alec","email":"amaule@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70122360,"text":"70122360 - 2014 - Wind River subbasin restoration: U.S. Geological Survey annual report November 2012 through December 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-26T16:06:44","indexId":"70122360","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T10:53:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"1998-019-00","title":"Wind River subbasin restoration: U.S. Geological Survey annual report November 2012 through December 2013","docAbstract":"

Executive Summary

\n

The Wind River subbasin in southwest Washington State provides habitat for a population of wild Lower Columbia River steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss. There have been no hatchery steelhead planted in the Wind River subbasin since 1994, and hatchery adults are estimated to be less than one percent of adults in any year (pers comm. Thomas Buehrens, Washington Department of Fish and Wilflife). We used Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT)-tagging and a series of instream PIT-tag interrogation systems (PTIS) to investigate life-histories, populations, and efficacy of habitat restoration actions for these steelhead. Data from our study, and companion work by Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW), will contribute to Bonneville Power Administration’s (BPA) Research Monitoring and Evaluation (RM&E) Program Strategy of Fish Population Status Monitoring (www.cbfish.org/ProgramStrategy.mvc/ViewProgramStrategySummary/1), specifically the sub-strategies of: 1) Assessing the Status and Trends of Diversity of Natural Origin Fish Populations and to uncertainties research regarding differing life histories of a wild steelhead population, 2) Assessing the Status and Trend of Adult Natural Origin Fish Populations, and 3) Monitoring and Evaluating the Effectiveness of Tributary Habitat Actions Relative to Environmental, Physical, or Biological Performance Objectives.

\n

During summer 2013, we PIT-tagged parr steelhead in headwater areas of the Wind River subbasin to investigate variable life-histories, specifically to compare fate of those juvenile steelhead that move downstream prior to smolting with those that remain in their natal areas until smolting. A series of instream PTISs monitored movement of these fish. Detections at the instream PTISs showed trends of parr emigration during summer and fall, in addition to the expected movement of parr and smolts in spring. Long-term monitoring of PIT-tagged fish over multiple years will provide information on contribution of various life-history strategies to smolt production and adult returns, as well as helping to identify factors influencing parr movement.

\n

Movements of PIT-tagged adult steelhead were tracked with our instream PTISs. These data have provided information on timing of adult movements to various parts of the watershed, which is allowing us to assess adult returns to tributary watersheds within the Wind River subbasin. Determination of adult use of tributary watersheds has provided data that will contribute to evaluating the efficacy of the removal of Hemlock Dam from Trout Creek. Hemlock Dam, located at rkm 2.0 of Trout Creek was removed in summer 2009 and had contributed to hydrologic impairment of Trout Creek.

\n

Evaluating restoration efforts is of interest to many managers and agencies so that funding and time are allocated for best results. The evaluation of various life-histories of Lower Columbia River steelhead within the Wind River subbasin will provide information to better track populations, and to direct habitat restoration and water allocation planning. Increasingly detailed Viable Salmonid Population information, such as that provided by PIT-tagging and instream PTISs networks like those we are building and operating in the Wind River subbasin, will provide data to inform policy and management, as life-history strategies and production bottlenecks are identified and understood.

","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","collaboration":"This report was funded by the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), U.S. Department of Energy, as part of BPA's program to protect, mitigate, and enhance fish and wildlife affected by the development and operation of hydroelectric facilities on the Columbia River and its tributaries.","usgsCitation":"Jezorek, I.G., and Connolly, P., 2014, Wind River subbasin restoration: U.S. Geological Survey annual report November 2012 through December 2013, 45 p.","productDescription":"45 p.","numberOfPages":"45","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-11-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-055076","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294309,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":320575,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pisces.bpa.gov/release/documents/documentviewer.aspx?doc=P138064","text":"Report","size":"715.13 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Wind River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.963568,45.751448 ], [ -121.963568,45.969903 ], [ -121.787086,45.969903 ], [ -121.787086,45.751448 ], [ -121.963568,45.751448 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb3ce4b08312ac7cf131","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jezorek, Ian G. 0000-0002-3842-3485 ijezorek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3842-3485","contributorId":3572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jezorek","given":"Ian","email":"ijezorek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connolly, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7365-7618 pconnolly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7365-7618","contributorId":2920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pconnolly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70123166,"text":"70123166 - 2014 - Mercury in the national parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:49:53","indexId":"70123166","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T10:46:18","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3561,"text":"The George Wright Forum","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury in the national parks","docAbstract":"One thing is certain: Even for trained researchers, predicting mercury’s behavior in the \nenvironment is challenging. Fundamentally it is one of 98 naturally occurring elements, with \nnatural sources, such as volcanoes, and concentrated ore deposits, such as cinnabar. Yet there \nare also human-caused sources, such as emissions from both coal-burning power plants and \nmining operations for gold and silver. There are elemental forms, inorganic or organic forms, \nreactive and unreactive species. Mercury is emitted, then deposited, then re-emitted—thus \nearning its mercurial reputation. Most importantly, however, it is ultimately transferred into \nfood chains through processes fueled by tiny microscopic creatures: bacteria.","language":"English","publisher":"George Wright Society","publisherLocation":"Hancock, MI","usgsCitation":"Pritz, C.F., Eagles-Smith, C.A., and Krabbenhoft, D., 2014, Mercury in the national parks: The George Wright Forum, v. 31, no. 2, p. 168-180.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"168","endPage":"180","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-056652","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293376,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173.0,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,16.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542a74fbe4b01535cb427917","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pritz, Colleen Flanagan","contributorId":67422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pritz","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"Flanagan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David","contributorId":92538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70112455,"text":"70112455 - 2014 - Looking for age-related growth decline in natural forests: unexpected biomass patterns from tree rings and simulated mortality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-16T10:45:11","indexId":"70112455","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T10:40:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Looking for age-related growth decline in natural forests: unexpected biomass patterns from tree rings and simulated mortality","docAbstract":"Forest biomass growth is almost universally assumed to peak early in stand development, near canopy closure, after which it will plateau or decline. The chronosequence and plot remeasurement approaches used to establish the decline pattern suffer from limitations and coarse temporal detail. We combined annual tree ring measurements and mortality models to address two questions: first, how do assumptions about tree growth and mortality influence reconstructions of biomass growth? Second, under what circumstances does biomass production follow the model that peaks early, then declines? We integrated three stochastic mortality models with a census tree-ring data set from eight temperate forest types to reconstruct stand-level biomass increments (in Minnesota, USA). We compared growth patterns among mortality models, forest types and stands. Timing of peak biomass growth varied significantly among mortality models, peaking 20–30 years earlier when mortality was random with respect to tree growth and size, than when mortality favored slow-growing individuals. Random or u-shaped mortality (highest in small or large trees) produced peak growth 25–30 % higher than the surviving tree sample alone. Growth trends for even-aged, monospecific Pinus banksiana or Acer saccharum forests were similar to the early peak and decline expectation. However, we observed continually increasing biomass growth in older, low-productivity forests of Quercus rubra, Fraxinus nigra, and Thuja occidentalis. Tree-ring reconstructions estimated annual changes in live biomass growth and identified more diverse development patterns than previous methods. These detailed, long-term patterns of biomass development are crucial for detecting recent growth responses to global change and modeling future forest dynamics.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-014-2881-2","usgsCitation":"Foster, J.R., D’Amato, A.W., and Bradford, J.B., 2014, Looking for age-related growth decline in natural forests: unexpected biomass patterns from tree rings and simulated mortality: Oecologia, v. 175, no. 1, p. 363-374, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-2881-2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"374","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-042931","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288623,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288611,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-2881-2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Superior National Forest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.0,44.0 ], [ -96.0,50.0 ], [ -87.0,50.0 ], [ -87.0,44.0 ], [ -96.0,44.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"175","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae776ce4b0abf75cf2c11e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, Jane R.","contributorId":27792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Jane","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D’Amato, Anthony W.","contributorId":28140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Amato","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6735,"text":"University of Vermont, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13478,"text":"Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota (Correspondence to: russellm@umn.edu)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":494745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70095477,"text":"70095477 - 2014 - Hydrogeomorphic effects of explosive volcanic eruptions on drainage basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T09:27:32","indexId":"70095477","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T10:18:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":806,"text":"Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeomorphic effects of explosive volcanic eruptions on drainage basins","docAbstract":"Explosive eruptions can severely disturb landscapes downwind or downstream of volcanoes by damaging vegetation and depositing large volumes of erodible fragmental material. As a result, fluxes of water and sediment in affected drainage basins can increase dramatically. System-disturbing processes associated with explosive eruptions include tephra fall, pyroclastic density currents, debris avalanches, and lahars—processes that have greater impacts on water and sediment discharges than lava-flow emplacement. Geo-morphic responses to such disturbances can extend far downstream, persist for decades, and be hazardous. The severity of disturbances to a drainage basin is a function of the specific volcanic process acting, as well as distance from the volcano and magnitude of the eruption. Postdisturbance unit-area sediment yields are among the world's highest; such yields commonly result in abundant redeposition of sand and gravel in distal river reaches, which causes severe channel aggradation and instability. Response to volcanic disturbance can result in socioeconomic consequences more damaging than the direct impacts of the eruption itself.","language":"English","publisher":"Annual Reviews","doi":"10.1146/annurev-earth-060313-054913","usgsCitation":"Pierson, T.C., and Major, J.J., 2014, Hydrogeomorphic effects of explosive volcanic eruptions on drainage basins: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 42, p. 469-507, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-060313-054913.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"469","endPage":"507","numberOfPages":"39","ipdsId":"IP-052236","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288138,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7740e4b0abf75cf2c0ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierson, Thomas C. 0000-0001-9002-4273 tpierson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-4273","contributorId":2498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Thomas","email":"tpierson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70141793,"text":"70141793 - 2014 - Eel River margin source-to-sink sediment budgets: revisited","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-20T13:32:09","indexId":"70141793","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eel River margin source-to-sink sediment budgets: revisited","docAbstract":"

The Eel River coastal margin has been used as a representative source-to-sink sediment dispersal system owing to its steep, high-sediment yield river and the formation of sedimentary strata on its continental shelf. One finding of previous studies is that the adjacent continental shelf retains only ~25% of the Eel River fine-grained sediment (less than 63 μm) discharged over time scales of both individual floods and the 20th century, thus suggesting that the Eel shelf trapping-efficiency is uniquely lower than other similar systems. Here I provide data and analyses showing that sediment discharge relationships in the Eel River have varied strongly with time and include substantial decreases in suspended-sediment concentrations during the latter 20th century. Including these trends in margin-wide sediment budgets, I show that previous Eel River sediment discharge rates were overestimated by a factor of two. Thus, revised sediment budgets shown here reveal that the Eel shelf retained ~50% of the discharged river fine-grained suspended sediment during intensively sampled events of 1995–97 and over the 20th century. In light of this, hypotheses about high rates of sediment export away from the primary shelf depocenter should be reevaluated.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Scientific Pub. 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Least squares regression methods explicitly assume Gaussian residuals, and the assumption leads to Gaussian likelihood functions, model parameters, and model predictions. While the Bayesian methods do not explicitly require the Gaussian assumption, Gaussian residuals are widely used. This paper shows that the residuals of the reactive transport model are non-Gaussian, heteroscedastic, and correlated in time; characterizing them requires using a generalized likelihood function such as the formal generalized likelihood function developed by Schoups and Vrugt (2010). For the surface complexation model considered in this study for simulating uranium reactive transport in groundwater, parametric uncertainty is quantified using the least squares regression methods and Bayesian methods with both Gaussian and formal generalized likelihood functions. While the least squares methods and Bayesian methods with Gaussian likelihood function produce similar Gaussian parameter distributions, the parameter distributions of Bayesian uncertainty quantification using the formal generalized likelihood function are non-Gaussian. In addition, predictive performance of formal generalized likelihood function is superior to that of least squares regression and Bayesian methods with Gaussian likelihood function. The Bayesian uncertainty quantification is conducted using the differential evolution adaptive metropolis (DREAM(zs)) algorithm; as a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, it is a robust tool for quantifying uncertainty in groundwater reactive transport models. For the surface complexation model, the regression-based local sensitivity analysis and Morris- and DREAM(ZS)-based global sensitivity analysis yield almost identical ranking of parameter importance. 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Key Messages

\n
    \n
  1. Arctic summer sea ice is receding faster than previously projected and is expected to virtually disappear before mid-century. This is altering marine ecosystems and leading to greater ship access, offshore development opportunity, and increased community vulnerability to coastal erosion.
    2. \n
  2. Most glaciers in Alaska and British Columbia are shrinking substantially. This trend is expected to continue and has implications for hydropower production, ocean circulation patterns, fisheries, and global sea level rise.
    3. \n
  3. Permafrost temperatures in Alaska are rising, a thawing trend that is expected to continue, causing multiple vulnerabilities through drier landscapes, more wildfire, altered wildlife habitat, increased cost of maintaining infrastructure, and the release of heat-trapping gases that increase climate warming.
    4. \n
  4. Current and projected increases in Alaska’s ocean temperatures and changes in ocean chemistry are expected to alter the distribution and productivity of Alaska’s marine fisheries, which lead the U.S. in commercial value.
    5. \n
  5. The cumulative effects of climate change in Alaska strongly affect Native communities, which are highly vulnerable to these rapid changes but have a deep cultural history of adapting to change.
    6. \n
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David","contributorId":18494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Serreze, Mark","contributorId":14733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serreze","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70103365,"text":"70103365 - 2014 - Woody vegetation communities of tidal freshwater swamps in South Carolina, Georgia and Florida (US) with comparisons to similar systems in the US and South America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-02T10:12:52","indexId":"70103365","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2490,"text":"Journal of Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Woody vegetation communities of tidal freshwater swamps in South Carolina, Georgia and Florida (US) with comparisons to similar systems in the US and South America","docAbstract":"

Questions

\n

What are the general tree communities found in tidal freshwater swamps along four large coastal rivers in the southeastern United States (US)? How do these communities compare to other tidal freshwater swamps in the US and South America?

\n\n
\n\n

Locations

\n

Tidal floodplains of major rivers along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the southeastern US: Savannah, Altamaha, Suwannee and Apalachicola Rivers.

\n\n
\n\n

Methods

\n

An extensive survey of trees and shrubs was conducted to describe the communities from a range of tidal freshwater swamps. River basins studied include micro-tidal (Gulf coast) and meso-tidal (Atlantic coast) regimes, and study areas were located both near and distant to primary channels. A total of 128 plots (100 m2 each) were inventoried, distributed evenly over the Savannah and Altamaha Rivers along the Atlantic coast, and the Suwannee and Apalachicola Rivers along the Gulf coast. Multivariate statistics helped discern communities and the significant indicator species in each.

\n\n
\n\n

Results

\n

Four general communities were characterized and named according to the strongest individual indicator species in each: Water Tupelo (Nyssa aquatica) Community, Swamp Tupelo (Nyssa biflora) Community, Dwarf Palmetto (Sabal minor) Community and Cabbage Palm (Sabal palmetto) Community.

\n\n
\n\n

Conclusions

\n

Descriptions of most tidal freshwater swamps in the southeastern US fit within the communities described in this study. Because studies that make inferences between environmental drivers (e.g. salinity, hydroperiod, hurricanes) and specific community types are best applied to the same communities (but perhaps different river systems), this work provides a framework by which tidal freshwater forested wetlands can be accurately compared based on their tree communities. We suggest that, within the broad range of our inventories, the four communities described identify the primary associations that should be tracked within most tidal freshwater swamps of the US. However, we identify some river basins in the US that do not fit this construct. Diversity of major tree communities in tidal freshwater swamps outside the US is generally much lower (with the notable exception of Amazonian hardwood tidal várzea), as are basal area values.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Vegetation Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online Library","doi":"10.1111/jvs.12115","usgsCitation":"Duberstein, J., Conner, W.H., and Krauss, K.W., 2014, Woody vegetation communities of tidal freshwater swamps in South Carolina, Georgia and Florida (US) with comparisons to similar systems in the US and South America: Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 25, no. 3, p. 848-862, https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12115.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"848","endPage":"862","ipdsId":"IP-036640","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286827,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12115"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia;Florida;South Carolina","volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53659192e4b05b5c4c6db1bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duberstein, Jamie A.","contributorId":91007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duberstein","given":"Jamie A.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":493267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conner, William H.","contributorId":79376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conner","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":493266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70170483,"text":"70170483 - 2014 - Cycles of explosive and effusive eruptions at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-14T07:55:48","indexId":"70170483","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cycles of explosive and effusive eruptions at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"

The subaerial eruptive activity at Kīlauea Volcano (Hawai‘i) for the past 2500 yr can be divided into 3 dominantly effusive and 2 dominantly explosive periods, each lasting several centuries. The prevailing style of eruption for 60% of this time was explosive, manifested by repeated phreatic and phreatomagmatic activity in a deep summit caldera. During dominantly explosive periods, the magma supply rate to the shallow storage volume beneath the summit dropped to only a few percent of that during mainly effusive periods. The frequency and duration of explosive activity are contrary to the popular impression that Kīlauea is almost unceasingly effusive. Explosive activity apparently correlates with the presence of a caldera intersecting the water table. The decrease in magma supply rate may result in caldera collapse, because erupted or intruded magma is not replaced. Glasses with unusually high MgO, TiO2, and K2O compositions occur only in explosive tephra (and one related lava flow) and are consistent with disruption of the shallow reservoir complex during caldera formation. Kīlauea is a complex, modulated system in which melting rate, supply rate, conduit stability (in both mantle and crust), reservoir geometry, water table, and many other factors interact with one another. The hazards associated with explosive activity at Kīlauea’s summit would have major impact on local society if a future dominantly explosive period were to last several centuries. The association of lowered magma supply, caldera formation, and explosive activity might characterize other basaltic volcanoes, but has not been recognized.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/G35701.1","usgsCitation":"Swanson, D., Rose, T.R., Mucek, A., Garcia, M.O., Fiske, R.S., and Mastin, L.G., 2014, Cycles of explosive and effusive eruptions at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i: Geology, v. 42, no. 7, p. 631-634, https://doi.org/10.1130/G35701.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"631","endPage":"634","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055751","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320395,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.2836799621582,\n 19.43065788069488\n ],\n [\n -155.29329299926758,\n 19.425801277078957\n ],\n [\n -155.29672622680664,\n 19.42078263415394\n ],\n [\n -155.29998779296875,\n 19.415116238124682\n ],\n [\n -155.30101776123047,\n 19.408478208711944\n ],\n [\n -155.29998779296875,\n 19.39892544698541\n ],\n [\n -155.2965545654297,\n 19.392448679313798\n ],\n [\n -155.29020309448242,\n 19.388724421195075\n ],\n [\n -155.27990341186523,\n 19.387429007095374\n ],\n [\n -155.26857376098633,\n 19.387914788590646\n ],\n [\n -155.25432586669922,\n 19.393258289368795\n ],\n [\n -155.24351119995117,\n 19.3997350248192\n ],\n [\n -155.23321151733398,\n 19.41106869145732\n ],\n [\n -155.2371597290039,\n 19.41851609944751\n ],\n [\n -155.24471282958984,\n 19.425477498342186\n ],\n [\n -155.25157928466797,\n 19.431467300513766\n ],\n [\n -155.26067733764648,\n 19.434057416826118\n ],\n [\n -155.269775390625,\n 19.43519057972264\n ],\n [\n -155.28196334838867,\n 19.433733654546185\n ],\n [\n -155.2836799621582,\n 19.43065788069488\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571b4b2ce4b071321fe31c56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Don 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":168817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Don","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, Timothy R.","contributorId":31275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mucek, Adonara E","contributorId":168821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mucek","given":"Adonara E","affiliations":[{"id":25364,"text":"Univ. 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This preliminary study is part of a multidisciplinary research project to understand Holocene climate variability in alpine regions of the Great Basin, and ultimately, to compare these high elevation records to the better studied pluvial records from adjacent valleys, in this case, the Ruby Valley.","language":"English","publisher":"Consortium for Integrated Climate Research in Western Mountains (CIRMOUNT)","usgsCitation":"Starratt, S.W., 2014, Preliminary analysis of the role of lake basin morphology on the modern diatom flora in the Ruby Mountains and East Humboldt Range, Nevada, USA: Mountain Views, v. 8, no. 1, p. 8-13.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"13","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-058546","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294471,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294470,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fs.fed.us/psw/cirmount/publications/mtnviews.shtml"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"East Humboldt Range;Ruby Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.4112,40.5599 ], [ -115.4112,41.0329 ], [ -115.0725,41.0329 ], [ -115.0725,40.5599 ], [ -115.4112,40.5599 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54252ec7e4b0e641df8a70e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Starratt, Scott W. 0000-0001-9405-1746 sstarrat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9405-1746","contributorId":2891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starratt","given":"Scott","email":"sstarrat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70114857,"text":"70114857 - 2014 - Estimating migratory connectivity of birds when re-encounter probabilities are heterogeneous","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-27T09:53:59","indexId":"70114857","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T09:50:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating migratory connectivity of birds when re-encounter probabilities are heterogeneous","docAbstract":"Understanding the biology and conducting effective conservation of migratory species requires an understanding of migratory connectivity – the geographic linkages of populations between stages of the annual cycle. Unfortunately, for most species, we are lacking such information. The North American Bird Banding Laboratory (BBL) houses an extensive database of marking, recaptures and recoveries, and such data could provide migratory connectivity information for many species. To date, however, few species have been analyzed for migratory connectivity largely because heterogeneous re-encounter probabilities make interpretation problematic. We accounted for regional variation in re-encounter probabilities by borrowing information across species and by using effort covariates on recapture and recovery probabilities in a multistate capture–recapture and recovery model. The effort covariates were derived from recaptures and recoveries of species within the same regions. We estimated the migratory connectivity for three tern species breeding in North America and over-wintering in the tropics, common (Sterna hirundo), roseate (Sterna dougallii), and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia). For western breeding terns, model-derived estimates of migratory connectivity differed considerably from those derived directly from the proportions of re-encounters. Conversely, for eastern breeding terns, estimates were merely refined by the inclusion of re-encounter probabilities. In general, eastern breeding terns were strongly connected to eastern South America, and western breeding terns were strongly linked to the more western parts of the nonbreeding range under both models. Through simulation, we found this approach is likely useful for many species in the BBL database, although precision improved with higher re-encounter probabilities and stronger migratory connectivity. We describe an approach to deal with the inherent biases in BBL banding and re-encounter data to demonstrate that this large dataset is a valuable source of information about the migratory connectivity of the birds of North America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology and Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.1059","usgsCitation":"Cohen, E.B., Hostelter, J.A., Royle, J., and Marra, P., 2014, Estimating migratory connectivity of birds when re-encounter probabilities are heterogeneous: Ecology and Evolution, v. 4, no. 9, p. 1659-1670, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1059.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1659","endPage":"1670","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-055630","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1059","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":289123,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289116,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1059"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 177.1,5.6 ], [ 177.1,85.4 ], [ -4.0,85.4 ], [ -4.0,5.6 ], [ 177.1,5.6 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"4","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae76a9e4b0abf75cf2bfd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cohen, Emily B.","contributorId":57774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cohen","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":7035,"text":"Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":495408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostelter, Jeffrey A.","contributorId":66177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostelter","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":80808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marra, Peter P.","contributorId":108030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marra","given":"Peter P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70104156,"text":"70104156 - 2014 - Brittle deformation and slope failure at the North Menan Butte tuff cone, Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-12T09:52:50","indexId":"70104156","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T09:47:20","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brittle deformation and slope failure at the North Menan Butte tuff cone, Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho","docAbstract":"The manifestation of brittle deformation within inactive slumps along the North Menan Butte, a basaltic tuff cone in the Eastern Snake River Plain, is investigated through field and laboratory studies. Microstructural observations indicate that brittle strain is localized along deformation bands, a class of structural discontinuity that is predominant within moderate to high-porosity, clastic sedimentary rocks. Various subtypes of deformation bands are recognized in the study area based on the sense of strain they accommodate. These include dilation bands (no shear displacement), dilational shear bands, compactional shear bands and simple shear bands (no volume change). Measurements of the host rock permeability between the deformation bands indicate that the amount of brittle strain distributed throughout this part of the rock is negligible, and thus deformation bands are the primary means by which brittle strain is manifest within this tuff. Structural discontinuities that are similar in appearance to deformation bands are observed in other basaltic tuffs. Therefore deformation bands may represent a common structural feature of basaltic tuffs that have been widely misclassified as fractures. Slumping and collapse along the flanks of active volcanoes strongly influence their eruptive behavior and structural evolution. Therefore characterizing the process of deformation band and fault growth within basaltic tuff is key to achieving a more complete understanding of the evolution of basaltic volcanoes and their associated hazards.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.04.013","usgsCitation":"Okubo, C., 2014, Brittle deformation and slope failure at the North Menan Butte tuff cone, Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 278–279, p. 86-95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.04.013.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"86","endPage":"95","ipdsId":"IP-053658","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287047,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287033,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.04.013"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Snake River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.24,41.00 ], [ -117.24,49.0 ], [ -111.04,49.0 ], [ -111.04,41.00 ], [ -117.24,41.00 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"278–279","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5371ed68e4b08449547883ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Okubo, Chris H. cokubo@usgs.gov","contributorId":828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"Chris H.","email":"cokubo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70104144,"text":"70104144 - 2014 - Historic impact of watershed change and sedimentation to reefs along west-central Guam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-12T13:27:00","indexId":"70104144","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T09:23:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1338,"text":"Coral Reefs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Historic impact of watershed change and sedimentation to reefs along west-central Guam","docAbstract":"Using coral growth parameters (extension, density, calcification rates, and luminescence) and geochemical measurements (barium to calcium rations; Ba/Ca) from coral cores collected in west-central Guam, we provide a historic perspective on sediment input to coral reefs adjacent to the Piti-Asan watershed. The months of August through December are dominated by increased coral Ba/Ca values, corresponding to the rainy season. With river water enriched in barium related to nearshore seawater, coral Ba/Ca ratios are presented as a proxy for input of fine-grained terrigenous sediment to the nearshore environment. The century-long Ba/Ca coral record indicates that the Asan fore reef is within the zone of impact from discharged sediments transported from the Piti-Asan watershed and has experienced increased terrestrial sedimentation since the 1940s. This abrupt shift in sedimentation occurred at the same time as both the sudden denudation of the landscape by military ordinance and the immediate subsequent development of the Asan area through the end of the war, from 1944 through 1945. In response to rapid input of sediment, as determined from coral Ba/Ca values, coral growth rates were reduced for almost two decades, while calcification rates recovered much more quickly. Furthermore, coral luminescence is decoupled from the Ba/Ca record, which is consistent with degradation of soil organic matter through disturbance by forest fires, suggesting a potential index of fire history and degradation of soil organic matter. These patterns were not seen in the cores from nearby reefs associated with watersheds that have not undergone the same degree of landscape denudation. Taken together, these records provide a valuable tool for understanding the compounding effects of land-use change on coral reef health.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coral Reefs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00338-014-1166-x","usgsCitation":"Prouty, N.G., Storlazzi, C., McCutcheon, A.L., and Jenson, J.W., 2014, Historic impact of watershed change and sedimentation to reefs along west-central Guam: Coral Reefs, v. 33, no. 3, p. 733-749, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-014-1166-x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"733","endPage":"749","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-052605","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288133,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288132,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-014-1166-x"}],"country":"Guam","otherGeospatial":"Agat Bay;Apra Harbor;Asan Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 144.75,13.333333 ], [ 144.75,13.5 ], [ 144.5,13.5 ], [ 144.5,13.333333 ], [ 144.75,13.333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7739e4b0abf75cf2c0b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prouty, Nancy G. 0000-0002-8922-0688 nprouty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-0688","contributorId":3350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"Nancy","email":"nprouty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":77889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCutcheon, Amanda L.","contributorId":69892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCutcheon","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jenson, John W.","contributorId":23112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70111897,"text":"70111897 - 2014 - Arthropod community structure on bark of koa (Acacia koa) and ʻōhiʻā (Metrosideros polymorpha) at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Hawaiʻi Island, Hawaiʻi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-02T09:08:38","indexId":"70111897","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T08:59:07","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"TR HCSU-050","title":"Arthropod community structure on bark of koa (Acacia koa) and ʻōhiʻā (Metrosideros polymorpha) at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Hawaiʻi Island, Hawaiʻi","docAbstract":"

The arthropod community associated with tree bark contains a wide variety of taxa but is poorly described, particularly in Hawaiʽi. Our overall goals were to evaluate the abundance of arthropods available to foraging birds and how variation in bark substrates may contribute to arthropod distributions in native forests. Our study aimed to identify this fauna on the dominant canopy-forming trees koa (Acacia koa) and ʽōhiʽa (Metrosideros polymorpha) within wet montane forest at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Hawaiʽi Island. At two sites roughly similar in elevation and habitat structure, we deployed three trap types designed to intercept arthropods moving along bark within tree canopies: a bole trap based on a pre-existing design and two traps specially designed for this study. Bole traps were placed on koa and ʽōhiʽa while branch traps were established on large and small branches of ʽōhiʽa. In total, 15 arthropod orders were identified, with Collembola most abundant (number/trap-day) generally followed by Isopoda and Araneae. Differences in abundance were found in some instances, but overall, few differences were detected between tree species or sites. Relative abundances of arthropod groups were also generally similar between trees and sites and among different parts of ʽōhiʽa. These results indicate that bark-dwelling arthropod communities are similar on koa and ʽōhiʽa, and birds should not develop strong preferences for gleaning arthropods from the bark of either species of tree based on prey availability.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hawai�i Cooperative Studies Unit Technical Report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Peck, R.W., Banko, P.C., and Stelmach, M., 2014, Arthropod community structure on bark of koa (Acacia koa) and ʻōhiʻā (Metrosideros polymorpha) at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Hawaiʻi Island, Hawaiʻi, ii, 19 p.","productDescription":"ii, 19 p.","numberOfPages":"23","ipdsId":"IP-056744","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289360,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288190,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hilo.hawaii.edu/hcsu/publications.php"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.0967537803,19.6970893197 ], [ -155.0967537803,19.6997872803 ], [ -155.0940558197,19.6997872803 ], [ -155.0940558197,19.6970893197 ], [ -155.0967537803,19.6970893197 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b0a0e4b0388651d91635","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peck, Robert W.","contributorId":45629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banko, Paul C. 0000-0002-6035-9803 pbanko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-9803","contributorId":3179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"Paul","email":"pbanko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stelmach, Matt","contributorId":62931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stelmach","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70099287,"text":"sir20105090Q - 2014 - Platinum-group elements in southern Africa: mineral inventory and an assessment of undiscovered mineral resources","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70099287,"text":"sir20105090Q - 2014 - Platinum-group elements in southern Africa: mineral inventory and an assessment of undiscovered mineral resources","indexId":"sir20105090Q","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"Q","title":"Platinum-group elements in southern Africa: mineral inventory and an assessment of undiscovered mineral resources"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 2010 - Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Global mineral resource assessment"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 2010 - Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Global mineral resource assessment"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-09T20:58:55.027405","indexId":"sir20105090Q","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T08:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5090","chapter":"Q","title":"Platinum-group elements in southern Africa: mineral inventory and an assessment of undiscovered mineral resources","docAbstract":"

The platinum-group elements, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, and osmium, possess unique physical and chemical characteristics that make them indispensable to modern technology and industry. However, mineral deposits that are the main sources of these elements occur only in three countries in the world, raising concerns about potential disruption in mineral supply. Using information in the public domain, mineral resource and reserve information has been compiled for mafic and ultramafic rocks in South Africa and Zimbabwe that host most of the world’s platinum-group element resources.

\n

As of 2012, exploration and mining companies have delineated more than 20 billion metric tons of mineralized rock containing 42,000 metric tons of platinum, 29,000 metric tons of palladium, and 5,200 metric tons of rhodium, primarily in mafic and ultramafic intrusions of the Bushveld Complex and the Great Dyke, in southern Africa. Additional mineralized rock is likely to occur in extensions to the well-explored and characterized volumes of mineralized rock. Underexplored extensions of stratabound platinum-group element (PGE) deposits in the Bushveld Complex in South Africa may contain 65,000 metric tons of platinum, palladium, and rhodium to a depth of 3 km. Rocks enriched in PGE, which occur near the contact of the Bushveld Complex with older Transvaal Supergroup sedimentary rocks, may contain 1,100 metric tons of platinum and 1,370 metric tons of palladium (mean estimate to a depth of 1 km). A stratabound platinum-group element deposit in the Great Dyke in Zimbabwe may contain 6,900 metric tons of undiscovered platinum, palladium, and rhodium. By comparison, the global net demand for PGE in 2012 was approximately 460 metric tons. Since the 1920s, mining has recovered 7,200 and 107 metric tons of platinum-group elements from the Bushveld Complex and the Great Dyke, respectively.

\n

The large layered intrusions in southern Africa—the Bushveld Complex and the Great Dyke—are now and will continue to be a major source of the world’s supply of PGE. Mining will not deplete the identified mineral resources and reserves or potential undiscovered mineral resources for many decades; however, in the near-term, PGE supply could be affected by social, environmental, political, and economic factors.

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