{"pageNumber":"1326","pageRowStart":"33125","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":20081,"text":"ofr94456 - 1995 - Meteorological, stream-discharge, and water-quality data for water year 1992 from two basins in central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:44","indexId":"ofr94456","displayToPublicDate":"1995-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-456","title":"Meteorological, stream-discharge, and water-quality data for water year 1992 from two basins in central Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94456","usgsCitation":"McKinley, P.W., and Oliver, T., 1995, Meteorological, stream-discharge, and water-quality data for water year 1992 from two basins in central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-456, iv, 66 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94456.","productDescription":"iv, 66 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153146,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0456/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49634,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0456/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db6297f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKinley, P. W.","contributorId":16414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oliver, T.A.","contributorId":95500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20560,"text":"ofr94514 - 1995 - Using chloride and chlorine-36 as soil-water tracers to estimate deep percolation at selected locations on the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford site, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-08T16:50:11.069117","indexId":"ofr94514","displayToPublicDate":"1995-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-514","title":"Using chloride and chlorine-36 as soil-water tracers to estimate deep percolation at selected locations on the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford site, Washington","docAbstract":"Long-term average deep-percolation rates of water from precipitation on the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford Site in semiarid south-central Washington, as estimated by a chloride mass-balance method, range from 0.008 to 0.30 mm/yr (millimeters per year) at nine locations covered by a variety of fine-grain soils and vegetated with sagebrush and other deep-rooted plants plus sparse shallow-rooted grasses. Deep-percolation rates estimated using a chlorine-36 bomb-pulse method at three of the nine locations range from 2.1 to 3.4 mm/yr. Because the mass-balance method may underestimate percolation rates and the bomb-pulse method probably overestimates percolation rates, estimates by the two methods probably bracket actual rates. These estimates, as well as estimates by previous investigators who used different methods, are a small fraction of mean annual precipitation, which ranges from about 160 to 210 mm/yr at the different test locations. Estimates by the mass-balance method at four locations in an area that is vegetated only with sparse shallow-rooted grasses range from 0.39 to 2.0 mm/yr. Chlorine-36 data at one location in this area were sufficient only to determine that the upper limit of deep percolation is more than 5.1 mm/yr. Although estimates for locations in this area are larger than the estimates for locations with deep-rooted plants, they are at the lower end of the range of estimates for this area made by previous investigators.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr94514","usgsCitation":"Prych, E.A., 1995, Using chloride and chlorine-36 as soil-water tracers to estimate deep percolation at selected locations on the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford site, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-514, viii, 125 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94514.","productDescription":"viii, 125 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152768,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0514/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":379242,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0514/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.28319931030273,\n              46.35699885440808\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.26620483398438,\n              46.35699885440808\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.26620483398438,\n              46.37547772047758\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.28319931030273,\n              46.37547772047758\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.28319931030273,\n              46.35699885440808\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d4e4b07f02db5dd0da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prych, Edmund A.","contributorId":38139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prych","given":"Edmund","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":34602,"text":"b2117 - 1995 - Summary statistics for selenium in vegetation calculated from U.S. Geological Survey data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:20","indexId":"b2117","displayToPublicDate":"1995-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2117","title":"Summary statistics for selenium in vegetation calculated from U.S. Geological Survey data","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution,","doi":"10.3133/b2117","usgsCitation":"Harms, T.F., 1995, Summary statistics for selenium in vegetation calculated from U.S. Geological Survey data: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2117, iii, 31 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2117.","productDescription":"iii, 31 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":164404,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2117/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":62490,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2117/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698715","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harms, Thelma F.","contributorId":57841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harms","given":"Thelma","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":31752,"text":"ofr95188 - 1995 - Map showing location of observation wells in Massachusetts and Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-02T22:16:07.171275","indexId":"ofr95188","displayToPublicDate":"1995-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-188","title":"Map showing location of observation wells in Massachusetts and Rhode Island","docAbstract":"This map shows the locations of the 136 observation wells from the observation-well network maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. The wells are identified by town name and well number. The map shows the location of the 10 observation wells that have digital recorders and the 126 observation wells that are measured by local observers. The aquifer material (sand, till, or bedrock) in which a well is located is noted. County and town boundaries are shown on the map. These features are presented at a scale of 1:400,000 (map size is about 38 by 30 inches). The map includes textual information describing the uses of observation-well data. The information is organized by construction, water supply, water quality, and statistical analysis. The map also presents observation well information, which was obtained from the annual data report of the Massachusetts--Rhode Island District. This infor-  mation is presented in tabular form and includes town name, well number, aquifer material in which the well is located, and well depth below the land surface. The map was produced from a digital data base using a Geographic Information System. State boundaries were generated from digital line graphs maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey. Town and county boundaries were digitized from stable-base materials maintained by State agencies. The map was prepared in cooperation with State agencies of Massachusetts and Rhode Island.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95188","usgsCitation":"Rader, J.C., 1995, Map showing location of observation wells in Massachusetts and Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-188, 1 Plate: 40.00 × 31.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95188.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 40.00 × 31.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160177,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410024,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18415.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":19546,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0188/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"400000","country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts, Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-70.827398,41.602067],[-70.823735,41.598569],[-70.820918,41.587673],[-70.82191,41.582841],[-70.830087,41.585385],[-70.838452,41.59646],[-70.832044,41.606504],[-70.827398,41.602067]]],[[[-70.59628,41.471905],[-70.57485,41.468259],[-70.567356,41.471208],[-70.56328,41.469127],[-70.553277,41.452955],[-70.552943,41.443394],[-70.555588,41.430882],[-70.553096,41.423952],[-70.547567,41.415831],[-70.538301,41.409241],[-70.528581,41.4051],[-70.517584,41.403769],[-70.506984,41.400242],[-70.502372,41.392005],[-70.501306,41.385391],[-70.498959,41.384339],[-70.490758,41.383634],[-70.484503,41.38629],[-70.472604,41.399128],[-70.473035,41.408757],[-70.470788,41.412875],[-70.463833,41.419145],[-70.450431,41.420703],[-70.446233,41.39648],[-70.449268,41.380422],[-70.448262,41.353651],[-70.451084,41.348161],[-70.496162,41.346452],[-70.538294,41.348958],[-70.599157,41.349272],[-70.709826,41.341723],[-70.733253,41.336226],[-70.747541,41.329952],[-70.764188,41.318706],[-70.768015,41.311959],[-70.766166,41.308962],[-70.768687,41.303702],[-70.775665,41.300982],[-70.802083,41.314207],[-70.819415,41.327212],[-70.838777,41.347209],[-70.833802,41.353386],[-70.812309,41.355745],[-70.800289,41.3538],[-70.783291,41.347829],[-70.774974,41.349176],[-70.768901,41.353246],[-70.729225,41.397728],[-70.724366,41.398942],[-70.712432,41.40885],[-70.711493,41.41546],[-70.701378,41.430925],[-70.686881,41.441334],[-70.64933,41.461068],[-70.603555,41.482384],[-70.598444,41.481151],[-70.59628,41.471905]]],[[[-70.092142,41.297741],[-70.082072,41.299093],[-70.062565,41.308726],[-70.046088,41.321651],[-70.031332,41.339332],[-70.028805,41.359919],[-70.030924,41.367453],[-70.038458,41.376399],[-70.049564,41.3879],[-70.049053,41.391702],[-70.033514,41.385816],[-70.018446,41.36863],[-69.960277,41.278731],[-69.960181,41.264546],[-69.965725,41.252466],[-69.975,41.247392],[-70.001586,41.239353],[-70.015225,41.237964],[-70.052807,41.242685],[-70.083239,41.2444],[-70.096967,41.24085],[-70.118669,41.242351],[-70.170681,41.255881],[-70.237175,41.282724],[-70.256164,41.288123],[-70.266776,41.294453],[-70.273478,41.301528],[-70.275526,41.310464],[-70.260632,41.310092],[-70.249276,41.305623],[-70.244435,41.303203],[-70.240153,41.295384],[-70.229541,41.290171],[-70.20869,41.290171],[-70.196304,41.294612],[-70.12446,41.293851],[-70.092142,41.297741]]],[[[-73.022903,42.741133],[-72.809113,42.736581],[-71.981402,42.713294],[-71.351874,42.698154],[-71.330206,42.69719],[-71.294205,42.69699],[-71.278929,42.711258],[-71.267905,42.72589],[-71.255605,42.736389],[-71.245504,42.742589],[-71.233404,42.745489],[-71.223904,42.746689],[-71.181803,42.73759],[-71.186104,42.790689],[-71.174403,42.801589],[-71.165603,42.808689],[-71.149703,42.815489],[-71.132503,42.821389],[-71.064201,42.806289],[-71.053601,42.833089],[-71.047501,42.844089],[-71.044401,42.848789],[-71.031201,42.859089],[-70.9665,42.868989],[-70.949199,42.876089],[-70.930799,42.884589],[-70.914899,42.886589],[-70.902768,42.88653],[-70.886136,42.88261],[-70.848625,42.860939],[-70.837376,42.864996],[-70.830795,42.868918],[-70.821769,42.87188],[-70.817296,42.87229],[-70.817731,42.850613],[-70.80522,42.781798],[-70.792867,42.747118],[-70.772267,42.711064],[-70.770453,42.704824],[-70.778552,42.69852],[-70.778671,42.693622],[-70.764421,42.68565],[-70.748752,42.683878],[-70.744427,42.682092],[-70.72982,42.669602],[-70.728845,42.663877],[-70.689402,42.653319],[-70.682594,42.654525],[-70.681594,42.662342],[-70.663548,42.677603],[-70.645101,42.689423],[-70.630077,42.692699],[-70.620031,42.688006],[-70.622864,42.67599],[-70.623815,42.665481],[-70.622791,42.660873],[-70.61482,42.65765],[-70.595474,42.660336],[-70.591742,42.648508],[-70.591469,42.639821],[-70.594014,42.63503],[-70.605611,42.634898],[-70.61842,42.62864],[-70.635635,42.600243],[-70.654727,42.582234],[-70.664887,42.580436],[-70.668022,42.581732],[-70.668488,42.589643],[-70.670442,42.592249],[-70.672583,42.594296],[-70.678819,42.594389],[-70.681428,42.593173],[-70.684502,42.588858],[-70.698574,42.577393],[-70.729688,42.57151],[-70.737044,42.576863],[-70.757283,42.570455],[-70.804091,42.561595],[-70.815391,42.554195],[-70.823291,42.551495],[-70.848492,42.550195],[-70.871382,42.546404],[-70.872357,42.542952],[-70.866279,42.522617],[-70.859751,42.520441],[-70.857125,42.521492],[-70.842091,42.519495],[-70.831091,42.503596],[-70.835991,42.490496],[-70.841591,42.487596],[-70.847391,42.491496],[-70.857791,42.490296],[-70.879692,42.478796],[-70.886493,42.470197],[-70.887992,42.467096],[-70.887292,42.464896],[-70.894292,42.460896],[-70.908092,42.466896],[-70.917693,42.467996],[-70.921993,42.466696],[-70.934993,42.457896],[-70.934264,42.444646],[-70.933155,42.437833],[-70.928226,42.430986],[-70.913192,42.427697],[-70.908392,42.425197],[-70.901992,42.420297],[-70.905692,42.416197],[-70.936393,42.418097],[-70.943295,42.436248],[-70.943612,42.452092],[-70.94702,42.456236],[-70.96047,42.446166],[-70.960835,42.441272],[-70.982994,42.423996],[-70.987694,42.416696],[-70.990595,42.407098],[-70.989195,42.402598],[-70.985068,42.402041],[-70.983426,42.396246],[-70.980336,42.391513],[-70.972706,42.389968],[-70.970195,42.388036],[-70.97174,42.387071],[-70.972513,42.385042],[-70.972223,42.377316],[-70.953292,42.349698],[-70.953022,42.343973],[-70.963578,42.34686],[-70.974897,42.355843],[-70.979927,42.356382],[-70.998253,42.352788],[-71.006877,42.347039],[-71.01568,42.326019],[-71.013165,42.315419],[-71.000948,42.302483],[-71.006158,42.28811],[-71.0049,42.28272],[-70.996097,42.271222],[-70.98909,42.267449],[-70.967351,42.268168],[-70.948971,42.272505],[-70.945547,42.269081],[-70.935886,42.264189],[-70.923169,42.263211],[-70.910941,42.265412],[-70.896267,42.2851],[-70.895778,42.292436],[-70.897123,42.29586],[-70.915588,42.302463],[-70.91749,42.305686],[-70.907556,42.307889],[-70.882764,42.30886],[-70.881242,42.300663],[-70.870873,42.285668],[-70.861807,42.275965],[-70.851093,42.26827],[-70.831075,42.267424],[-70.811742,42.262935],[-70.788724,42.25392],[-70.770964,42.249197],[-70.764757,42.244062],[-70.754488,42.228673],[-70.74723,42.221816],[-70.73056,42.21094],[-70.722269,42.207959],[-70.718707,42.184853],[-70.714301,42.168783],[-70.706264,42.163137],[-70.685315,42.133025],[-70.663931,42.108336],[-70.640169,42.088633],[-70.63848,42.081579],[-70.647349,42.076331],[-70.64819,42.068441],[-70.643208,42.050821],[-70.644337,42.045895],[-70.650874,42.046247],[-70.66936,42.037116],[-70.671666,42.02139],[-70.667512,42.01232],[-70.670934,42.007786],[-70.678798,42.00551],[-70.686798,42.012764],[-70.695809,42.013346],[-70.712204,42.007586],[-70.710034,41.999544],[-70.698981,41.987103],[-70.662476,41.960592],[-70.651673,41.958701],[-70.648365,41.961672],[-70.631251,41.950475],[-70.623513,41.943273],[-70.616491,41.940204],[-70.608166,41.940701],[-70.598078,41.947772],[-70.583572,41.950007],[-70.552941,41.929641],[-70.546386,41.916751],[-70.54741,41.911934],[-70.545949,41.907158],[-70.532084,41.889568],[-70.525567,41.85873],[-70.535487,41.839381],[-70.542065,41.831263],[-70.543168,41.824446],[-70.54103,41.815754],[-70.532656,41.804796],[-70.517411,41.790953],[-70.494048,41.773883],[-70.471552,41.761563],[-70.412476,41.744397],[-70.375341,41.738779],[-70.290957,41.734312],[-70.275203,41.726143],[-70.272289,41.721346],[-70.263654,41.714115],[-70.259205,41.713954],[-70.23485,41.733733],[-70.216073,41.742981],[-70.189254,41.751982],[-70.182076,41.750885],[-70.141533,41.760072],[-70.121978,41.758841],[-70.096061,41.766549],[-70.064314,41.772845],[-70.024734,41.787364],[-70.008462,41.800786],[-70.003842,41.80852],[-70.004486,41.838826],[-70.009013,41.876625],[-70.000188,41.886938],[-70.002922,41.890315],[-70.012154,41.891656],[-70.024335,41.89882],[-70.025553,41.911699],[-70.030537,41.929154],[-70.044995,41.930049],[-70.054464,41.927366],[-70.065671,41.911658],[-70.065372,41.887702],[-70.064084,41.878924],[-70.066002,41.877011],[-70.067566,41.877793],[-70.070889,41.882973],[-70.073039,41.899783],[-70.074006,41.93865],[-70.077421,41.985497],[-70.083775,42.012041],[-70.089578,42.024896],[-70.095595,42.032832],[-70.10806,42.043601],[-70.123043,42.051668],[-70.148294,42.06195],[-70.155415,42.062409],[-70.169781,42.059736],[-70.178468,42.05642],[-70.186816,42.05045],[-70.194456,42.03947],[-70.195345,42.034163],[-70.193074,42.027576],[-70.186295,42.021308],[-70.186708,42.019904],[-70.190834,42.020028],[-70.196693,42.022429],[-70.208016,42.03073],[-70.218701,42.045848],[-70.233256,42.057714],[-70.238875,42.060479],[-70.24354,42.060569],[-70.245385,42.063733],[-70.238087,42.072878],[-70.225626,42.078601],[-70.206899,42.0819],[-70.189305,42.082337],[-70.160166,42.078628],[-70.115968,42.067638],[-70.082624,42.054657],[-70.058531,42.040363],[-70.033501,42.017736],[-70.011898,41.98972],[-69.986085,41.949597],[-69.968598,41.9117],[-69.945314,41.845222],[-69.935952,41.809422],[-69.928652,41.74125],[-69.928261,41.6917],[-69.933114,41.670014],[-69.947599,41.645394],[-69.951169,41.640799],[-69.958272,41.639429],[-69.967869,41.627503],[-69.976478,41.603664],[-69.982768,41.581812],[-69.988215,41.554704],[-69.998071,41.54365],[-70.004136,41.54212],[-70.011504,41.542924],[-70.014456,41.545534],[-70.016584,41.550772],[-70.015059,41.553037],[-70.010644,41.552692],[-70.00153,41.561953],[-69.994357,41.576846],[-69.987192,41.608579],[-69.973035,41.641046],[-69.973153,41.646963],[-69.975719,41.653738],[-69.996359,41.667184],[-70.007011,41.671579],[-70.014211,41.671971],[-70.029346,41.667744],[-70.055523,41.664843],[-70.089238,41.662813],[-70.140877,41.650423],[-70.158621,41.650438],[-70.191061,41.645259],[-70.245867,41.628479],[-70.25621,41.620698],[-70.25542,41.617541],[-70.259601,41.610863],[-70.265424,41.609333],[-70.267587,41.610912],[-70.269687,41.617775],[-70.26913,41.625742],[-70.274522,41.632927],[-70.28132,41.635125],[-70.29062,41.635196],[-70.321588,41.630508],[-70.329924,41.634578],[-70.338067,41.636338],[-70.351634,41.634687],[-70.360352,41.631069],[-70.364892,41.626721],[-70.364744,41.623671],[-70.369854,41.615888],[-70.379151,41.611361],[-70.400581,41.606382],[-70.408535,41.607345],[-70.437246,41.605329],[-70.445289,41.591815],[-70.461278,41.57182],[-70.476256,41.558502],[-70.485571,41.554244],[-70.493244,41.552044],[-70.522327,41.548965],[-70.559689,41.54833],[-70.611081,41.542989],[-70.633607,41.538254],[-70.643627,41.532357],[-70.654104,41.519025],[-70.663856,41.514031],[-70.675379,41.512623],[-70.705181,41.496677],[-70.734306,41.486335],[-70.757171,41.469917],[-70.756481,41.465977],[-70.760863,41.460947],[-70.79027,41.446339],[-70.817478,41.445562],[-70.835867,41.441877],[-70.857528,41.425767],[-70.866946,41.422378],[-70.902763,41.421061],[-70.928197,41.415781],[-70.937282,41.411618],[-70.948431,41.409193],[-70.951045,41.411777],[-70.949861,41.415323],[-70.928165,41.431265],[-70.923698,41.430716],[-70.918983,41.4253],[-70.91164,41.424484],[-70.906011,41.425708],[-70.883247,41.432239],[-70.855265,41.448892],[-70.828546,41.456448],[-70.802186,41.460864],[-70.787769,41.474609],[-70.775268,41.477465],[-70.753905,41.492256],[-70.745053,41.500966],[-70.658659,41.543385],[-70.654302,41.549926],[-70.655365,41.557498],[-70.653899,41.56516],[-70.64878,41.56987],[-70.642748,41.572385],[-70.640948,41.577325],[-70.64204,41.583066],[-70.652449,41.60521],[-70.651986,41.610184],[-70.640003,41.624616],[-70.645251,41.633547],[-70.652614,41.637829],[-70.650419,41.644202],[-70.638695,41.649427],[-70.637632,41.654573],[-70.646308,41.678433],[-70.649285,41.680943],[-70.661475,41.681756],[-70.645962,41.693794],[-70.62544,41.698691],[-70.623652,41.707398],[-70.626529,41.712995],[-70.644641,41.71898],[-70.651093,41.715715],[-70.656596,41.715401],[-70.670453,41.721912],[-70.708193,41.730959],[-70.718739,41.73574],[-70.726331,41.732731],[-70.728933,41.723433],[-70.721302,41.712968],[-70.717451,41.69398],[-70.719575,41.685002],[-70.729395,41.68814],[-70.744396,41.696967],[-70.755347,41.694326],[-70.761481,41.676808],[-70.76236,41.667735],[-70.758198,41.661225],[-70.757622,41.654265],[-70.765463,41.641575],[-70.769318,41.641145],[-70.773654,41.645033],[-70.776709,41.650756],[-70.809118,41.656437],[-70.813286,41.65567],[-70.815729,41.652796],[-70.816351,41.645995],[-70.804664,41.641157],[-70.800215,41.631753],[-70.801063,41.629513],[-70.810279,41.624873],[-70.835296,41.624532],[-70.844165,41.628983],[-70.852518,41.626919],[-70.855162,41.624145],[-70.850181,41.593529],[-70.853121,41.587321],[-70.857239,41.587705],[-70.868904,41.614664],[-70.86836,41.622664],[-70.869624,41.625608],[-70.872665,41.627816],[-70.889209,41.632904],[-70.913202,41.619266],[-70.904522,41.610361],[-70.899981,41.593504],[-70.901381,41.592504],[-70.910814,41.595506],[-70.916581,41.607483],[-70.920074,41.61081],[-70.927172,41.611253],[-70.929722,41.609479],[-70.93,41.600441],[-70.927393,41.594064],[-70.931338,41.5842],[-70.937978,41.577416],[-70.941588,41.581034],[-70.946911,41.581089],[-70.948797,41.579038],[-70.9473,41.573659],[-70.93783,41.565239],[-70.931545,41.540169],[-70.941785,41.540121],[-70.979225,41.530427],[-70.983354,41.520616],[-71.003275,41.511912],[-71.019354,41.508857],[-71.035514,41.499047],[-71.058418,41.505967],[-71.085663,41.509292],[-71.12057,41.497448],[-71.136867,41.493942],[-71.141093,41.489937],[-71.140224,41.485855],[-71.167345,41.471405],[-71.170131,41.463974],[-71.19302,41.457931],[-71.194967,41.459037],[-71.196857,41.461116],[-71.196607,41.464756],[-71.190016,41.478275],[-71.190167,41.484285],[-71.19939,41.491769],[-71.199692,41.495511],[-71.206382,41.499215],[-71.200788,41.514371],[-71.213563,41.545818],[-71.20865,41.571028],[-71.20778,41.60066],[-71.212656,41.610072],[-71.212004,41.62299],[-71.21616,41.62549],[-71.240709,41.619225],[-71.2436,41.587508],[-71.23613,41.574767],[-71.236642,41.535852],[-71.234775,41.532538],[-71.227989,41.528297],[-71.229444,41.521544],[-71.240614,41.500557],[-71.238586,41.486845],[-71.237175,41.486546],[-71.236751,41.483369],[-71.24071,41.474872],[-71.246703,41.47196],[-71.245992,41.481302],[-71.252692,41.485902],[-71.264793,41.488902],[-71.285639,41.487805],[-71.295111,41.48435],[-71.304394,41.454502],[-71.311394,41.450802],[-71.312694,41.451402],[-71.312718,41.454597],[-71.32141,41.4556],[-71.337695,41.448902],[-71.351096,41.450802],[-71.362743,41.460379],[-71.36152,41.464831],[-71.34707,41.47123],[-71.335992,41.469647],[-71.316519,41.47756],[-71.317414,41.488776],[-71.323125,41.503088],[-71.327804,41.504258],[-71.330694,41.507699],[-71.330831,41.518364],[-71.313079,41.534672],[-71.310533,41.54692],[-71.303652,41.559925],[-71.294363,41.571416],[-71.288376,41.573274],[-71.285142,41.577127],[-71.273445,41.60699],[-71.272412,41.615041],[-71.275234,41.619444],[-71.271862,41.623986],[-71.251082,41.63878],[-71.212136,41.641945],[-71.19564,41.67509],[-71.224798,41.710498],[-71.227875,41.705498],[-71.240991,41.697744],[-71.237635,41.681635],[-71.24155,41.667205],[-71.25956,41.642595],[-71.267055,41.644945],[-71.270075,41.652439],[-71.26918,41.6549],[-71.280366,41.672575],[-71.287637,41.672463],[-71.290546,41.662395],[-71.299159,41.649531],[-71.301396,41.649978],[-71.303746,41.654788],[-71.306095,41.672575],[-71.302627,41.681747],[-71.298935,41.681524],[-71.293119,41.688347],[-71.291217,41.702666],[-71.305759,41.718662],[-71.31482,41.723808],[-71.342786,41.728506],[-71.350057,41.727835],[-71.353748,41.724702],[-71.365717,41.711615],[-71.365717,41.694947],[-71.372988,41.672575],[-71.37791,41.666646],[-71.382049,41.667317],[-71.38988,41.671903],[-71.390775,41.680629],[-71.389432,41.683425],[-71.390551,41.684096],[-71.418069,41.684208],[-71.441336,41.686446],[-71.443082,41.688303],[-71.441896,41.690025],[-71.445923,41.691144],[-71.449318,41.687401],[-71.444468,41.664409],[-71.430038,41.667541],[-71.425452,41.670785],[-71.409302,41.662643],[-71.40377,41.589321],[-71.447712,41.5804],[-71.442567,41.565075],[-71.421649,41.537892],[-71.417398,41.534536],[-71.414825,41.523126],[-71.414937,41.516303],[-71.421425,41.498629],[-71.419971,41.484758],[-71.417957,41.482073],[-71.417621,41.477934],[-71.418404,41.472652],[-71.421157,41.469888],[-71.422991,41.472682],[-71.430744,41.470636],[-71.430926,41.465655],[-71.427935,41.459529],[-71.428652,41.454158],[-71.433612,41.444995],[-71.43767,41.441302],[-71.441199,41.441602],[-71.448948,41.438479],[-71.455845,41.432986],[-71.455371,41.407962],[-71.474918,41.386104],[-71.483295,41.371722],[-71.513401,41.374702],[-71.526724,41.376636],[-71.555381,41.373316],[-71.624505,41.36087],[-71.68807,41.342823],[-71.701631,41.336968],[-71.72074,41.331567],[-71.773702,41.327977],[-71.785957,41.325739],[-71.833755,41.315631],[-71.857432,41.306318],[-71.862772,41.309791],[-71.862109,41.316612],[-71.860513,41.320248],[-71.839013,41.334042],[-71.829595,41.344544],[-71.835951,41.353935],[-71.837738,41.363529],[-71.831613,41.370899],[-71.833443,41.384524],[-71.842131,41.395359],[-71.843472,41.40583],[-71.842563,41.409855],[-71.839649,41.412119],[-71.81839,41.419599],[-71.797683,41.416709],[-71.786994,41.655992],[-71.791062,41.770273],[-71.797922,41.935395],[-71.799242,42.008065],[-71.80065,42.023569],[-71.89078,42.024368],[-71.987326,42.02688],[-72.063496,42.027347],[-72.135687,42.030245],[-72.317148,42.031907],[-72.45668,42.033999],[-72.528131,42.034295],[-72.573231,42.030141],[-72.582332,42.024695],[-72.590233,42.024695],[-72.606933,42.024995],[-72.607933,42.030795],[-72.643134,42.032395],[-72.695927,42.036788],[-72.755838,42.036195],[-72.757538,42.033295],[-72.753538,42.032095],[-72.751738,42.030195],[-72.754038,42.025395],[-72.757467,42.020947],[-72.760558,42.021846],[-72.762151,42.021527],[-72.76231,42.019775],[-72.759738,42.016995],[-72.763238,42.012795],[-72.763265,42.009742],[-72.766139,42.007695],[-72.766739,42.002995],[-72.816741,41.997595],[-72.813541,42.036494],[-72.847142,42.036894],[-72.863619,42.037709],[-72.999549,42.038653],[-73.053254,42.039861],[-73.432812,42.050587],[-73.496879,42.049675],[-73.508142,42.086257],[-73.352527,42.510002],[-73.264957,42.74594],[-73.022903,42.741133]]],[[[-71.383586,41.464782],[-71.389284,41.460605],[-71.390275,41.455043],[-71.399568,41.448596],[-71.40056,41.46094],[-71.395927,41.492215],[-71.386511,41.493071],[-71.378914,41.504948],[-71.391005,41.514578],[-71.392137,41.524468],[-71.384478,41.556736],[-71.379021,41.567772],[-71.373618,41.573214],[-71.370194,41.573963],[-71.36356,41.57086],[-71.359868,41.556308],[-71.363292,41.501952],[-71.360403,41.483121],[-71.380947,41.474561],[-71.383586,41.464782]]],[[[-71.326769,41.491286],[-71.325365,41.487601],[-71.327822,41.482985],[-71.343013,41.495615],[-71.341122,41.498598],[-71.326769,41.491286]]],[[[-71.3312,41.580318],[-71.335949,41.585898],[-71.337048,41.594688],[-71.333751,41.605859],[-71.329559,41.609097],[-71.326609,41.616114],[-71.325877,41.623988],[-71.333305,41.629536],[-71.34657,41.632229],[-71.362869,41.651457],[-71.366165,41.66098],[-71.348402,41.663727],[-71.338696,41.658782],[-71.336182,41.647961],[-71.337048,41.646146],[-71.342514,41.644791],[-71.343666,41.6399],[-71.330711,41.632992],[-71.314889,41.630398],[-71.30555,41.622523],[-71.303352,41.606591],[-71.307381,41.597984],[-71.317474,41.583187],[-71.326103,41.578583],[-71.3312,41.580318]]],[[[-71.281571,41.648207],[-71.278171,41.647309],[-71.274315,41.638125],[-71.283791,41.637797],[-71.286755,41.642725],[-71.283005,41.644434],[-71.281571,41.648207]]],[[[-71.58955,41.196557],[-71.580228,41.204837],[-71.577301,41.21471],[-71.576661,41.224434],[-71.573785,41.228436],[-71.561093,41.224207],[-71.555006,41.216822],[-71.554067,41.212957],[-71.557459,41.204542],[-71.564119,41.195372],[-71.565752,41.184373],[-71.560969,41.176186],[-71.550226,41.166787],[-71.544446,41.164912],[-71.543872,41.161321],[-71.547051,41.153684],[-71.551953,41.151718],[-71.5937,41.146339],[-71.599993,41.146932],[-71.611706,41.153239],[-71.613133,41.160281],[-71.605565,41.182139],[-71.594994,41.188392],[-71.58955,41.196557]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Massachusetts\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a75e4b07f02db644bc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rader, J. C.","contributorId":95107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rader","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":31751,"text":"ofr95115 - 1995 - Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, September 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-21T18:50:20.299836","indexId":"ofr95115","displayToPublicDate":"1995-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-115","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, September 1994","docAbstract":"This map depicts the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity for September 1994. The map is based on water-level measurements made at more than 900 wells and springs. Ninety-two new wells were added to the September 1994 map--42 in southern Georgia and 50 in Florida. Data on the map were contoured using 5-foot contour intervals in most areas. The potentiometric surface of this karstic aquifer generally reflects land surface topography. Potentiometric-surface highs often correspond to topographic highs, which are areas of surficial recharge to the Upper Floridan aquifer. Springs within topographic lows along with areas of more diffuse upward leakage are natural zones of discharge. Municipal, agricultural, and industrial withdrawals have lowered the potentiometric surface in some areas. The potentiometric surface ranged from 131 feet above sea lvel in Polk County to 86 feet below sea level in southern Georgia near the St. Marys River. With the additon of new wells in southern Georgia, water level data now indicate two distinct depressions at industrial well fields near the St. Marys River in southern Georgia and eastern Nassau County where previously there was only one depression indicated. Water levels measured in September 1994 generally were about 0 to 4 feet higher than those measured in September 1993, except in Seminole County, where increases of 1 to 7 feet above September 1993 levels were recorded at most wells. Generally, September 1994 water levels were 1 to to 5 feet higher than levels in May 1994 except in Union, Gradford, Alachua, Levy, and western Marion Counties where levels remained nearly unchanged, and in Seminole and northwestern Orange Counties where water levels generally were 3 to 12 feet higher than levels in May 1994.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95115","usgsCitation":"Knowles, L., 1995, Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, September 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-115, 1 Plate: 30.00 × 50.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95115.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 30.00 × 50.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":390756,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18401.htm"},{"id":19545,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0115/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83,\n              26.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -80,\n              26.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -80,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -83,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -83,\n              26.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682dfa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knowles, Leel","contributorId":62252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"Leel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":39629,"text":"pp1565A - 1995 - Late Proterozoic diabase dikes of the New Jersey Highlands; a remnant of Iapetan rifting in the north-central Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-19T14:52:36","indexId":"pp1565A","displayToPublicDate":"1995-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1565","chapter":"A","title":"Late Proterozoic diabase dikes of the New Jersey Highlands; a remnant of Iapetan rifting in the north-central Appalachians","docAbstract":"Diabase dikes of widespread occurrence intrude only middle Proterozoic rocks in the New Jersey Highlands. These dikes are enriched in TiO2, P2O5, Zr, and light rare earth elements, and have compositions that range from tholeiitic to alkalic. Dike descriptions, field relations, petrography, geochemistry, petrogenesis, and tectonic setting are discussed. The data are consistent with emplacement in a rift-related, within-plate environment and suggest a correlation with other occurrences of late Proterozoic Appalachian basaltic magmatism.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1565A","usgsCitation":"Volkert, R., and Puffer, J., 1995, Late Proterozoic diabase dikes of the New Jersey Highlands; a remnant of Iapetan rifting in the north-central Appalachians: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1565, p. A1-A21, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1565A.","productDescription":"p. A1-A21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":263139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1565a/pp_1565a.jpg"},{"id":263138,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1565a/pp_1565a.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8b0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Volkert, R.A.","contributorId":90799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Volkert","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Puffer, J.H.","contributorId":6918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puffer","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":38194,"text":"pp1561 - 1995 - Paleogeography and the Late Cretaceous of the Western Interior of middle North America; coal distribution and sediment accumulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:00","indexId":"pp1561","displayToPublicDate":"1995-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1561","title":"Paleogeography and the Late Cretaceous of the Western Interior of middle North America; coal distribution and sediment accumulation","docAbstract":"A synthesis of Late Cretaceous paleogeography of the Western Interior from Mexico to southwestern Canada emphasizes the areal distribution of peat-forming environments during six biostratigraphically constrained time intervals. Isopach maps of strata for each interval reveal the locations and magnitude of major depocenters. The paleogeographic framework provides insight into the relative importance of tectonism, eustasy, and climate on the accumulation of thick peats and their preservation as coals. A total of 123 basin summaries and their data provide the ground truth for construction of the isopach and paleogeographic maps.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1561","usgsCitation":"Roberts, L.N., and Kirschbaum, M.A., 1995, Paleogeography and the Late Cretaceous of the Western Interior of middle North America; coal distribution and sediment accumulation: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1561, 115 p.; 1 plate in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1561.","productDescription":"115 p.; 1 plate in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":113175,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1561/plate-1.pdf","size":"976","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122556,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1561/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64483,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1561/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689cc8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roberts, Laura N. Robinson","contributorId":45364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"N. Robinson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirschbaum, Mark A.","contributorId":25112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirschbaum","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018883,"text":"70018883 - 1995 - Sodium metasomatism along the Melones Fault Zone, Sierra Nevada Foothills, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-07T17:07:40.158284","indexId":"70018883","displayToPublicDate":"1995-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2748,"text":"Mineralogical Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sodium metasomatism along the Melones Fault Zone, Sierra Nevada Foothills, California, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Albitite, locally aegirine- and riebeckite-bearing, formed as a result of sodium metasomatism of felsic dykes and argillites along the Melones Fault Zone near Jamestown, California. Pyrite, magnetite, hematite and titanite are common in small amounts in altered dykes. The dykes were originally plagioclase-hornblende porphyritic, and had major and trace element abundances typical of calc-alkaline rocks, whereas they now have Na</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">2</span></sub><span>O contents as high as 11.40%. Associated fracture-filling veins are dominated by albite, but locally include aegirine, analcime, paragonite, calcite and sodic scapolite. Quartz is present in most albitic rocks, but is absent in riebeckite- and aegirine-bearing samples. Albitization predated CO</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">2</span></sub><span>&nbsp;metasomatism and formation of sericite-pyrite assemblages that are typical of gold deposits of the Mother Lode Belt.</span></p><p><span>Alkaline fluids responsible for Na-metasomatism had elevated Na<sup><span class=\"sup\">+</span></sup>/K<sup><span class=\"sup\">+</span></sup>&nbsp;and Na<sup><span class=\"sup\">+</span></sup>/H<sup><span class=\"sup\">+</span></sup>&nbsp;relatively high&nbsp;<i><span class=\"italic\">f</span></i><sub><span class=\"sub\">O2</span></sub>, and low <i>a</i><sub><sup>H</sup><span class=\"sub\">4</span><sup>SiO</sup><span class=\"sub\">4</span></sub>. The presence of titanite indicates fluid. The presence of titanite indicates fluid&nbsp;<i><span class=\"italic\">X</span></i></span><sub><sup><span class=\"sub\">C</span><span class=\"sub\">O</span></sup>2</sub>&nbsp;was low, in contrast to fluids that formed later carbonate-bearing assemblages. Sodic scapolite suggests that, at least locally, the fluids attained very high salinities.</p><p><span>Mass balance calculations indicate that alteration involved addition of large amounts of sodium, and the removal of SiO</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">2</span></sub><span>&nbsp;and K</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">2</span></sub><span>O. Textural preservation, combined with volume factors calculated from specific gravity and whole rock analytical data, indicate that Na-metasomatism was essentially isovolumetric.</span></p><p><span>Sodium-rich zones along the Melones Fault Zone are closely associated with fault-bounded bodies of ultramafic rock, typically altered to talc-carbonate or quartz-magnesite-Cr muscovite assemblages. Carbonatization and talc-forming reactions in the ultramafic rocks may lead to SiO<sub><span class=\"sub\">2</span></sub>-undersaturated fluids. Expansion of the muscovite stability field in terms of Na<sup><span class=\"sup\">+</span></sup>/K<sup><span class=\"sup\">+</span></sup>-Na<sup><span class=\"sup\">+</span></sup>/H<sup><span class=\"sup\">+</span></sup>, as a result of incorporation of Cr (up to 7.7% Cr<sub><span class=\"sub\">2</span></sub>O<sub><span class=\"sub\">3</span></sub>) in muscovite, would result in H<sup><span class=\"sup\">+</span></sup>- and K<sup><span class=\"sup\">+</span></sup>-depletion as the fluid interacts with ultramafic rocks. This could lead to fluids with elevated Na<sup><span class=\"sup\">+</span></sup>/K<sup><span class=\"sup\">+</span></sup>&nbsp;and high pH, as documented in this occurrence.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1180/minmag.1995.059.396.02","usgsCitation":"Albino, G.V., 1995, Sodium metasomatism along the Melones Fault Zone, Sierra Nevada Foothills, California, USA: Mineralogical Magazine, v. 59, no. 396, p. 383-399, https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1995.059.396.02.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"383","endPage":"399","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226615,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada Foothills","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.44897140019856,\n              40.250270766965656\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.44897140019856,\n              37.5498064488622\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.40248029925897,\n              37.5498064488622\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.40248029925897,\n              40.250270766965656\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.44897140019856,\n              40.250270766965656\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"396","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b91d1e4b08c986b319b0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Albino, George V.","contributorId":50545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albino","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":252,"text":"wsp2352B - 1995 - Surface-water-quality assessment of the lower Kansas River basin, Kansas and Nebraska– Analysis of available data through 1986","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":19582,"text":"ofr9175 - 1991 - Surface water-quality assessment of the lower Kansas River basin, Kansas and Nebraska: analysis of available water-quality data through 1986","indexId":"ofr9175","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Surface water-quality assessment of the lower Kansas River basin, Kansas and Nebraska: analysis of available water-quality data through 1986"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":252,"text":"wsp2352B - 1995 - Surface-water-quality assessment of the lower Kansas River basin, Kansas and Nebraska– Analysis of available data through 1986","indexId":"wsp2352B","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Surface-water-quality assessment of the lower Kansas River basin, Kansas and Nebraska– Analysis of available data through 1986"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-09T22:12:32.730875","indexId":"wsp2352B","displayToPublicDate":"1995-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2352","chapter":"B","title":"Surface-water-quality assessment of the lower Kansas River basin, Kansas and Nebraska– Analysis of available data through 1986","docAbstract":"Available surface water-quality data were used to provide an initial assessment of current water-quality conditions for 1978-86, define long-term trends in constituent concentrations, and relate current water-quality conditions and trends to human and natural factors in the lower Kansas River basin, Kansas and Nebraska. This basin drains 15,300 square miles of predominantly agricultural land and is one of seven areas selected for study as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"National water-quality assessment","doi":"10.3133/wsp2352B","usgsCitation":"Stamer, J., 1995, Surface-water-quality assessment of the lower Kansas River basin, Kansas and Nebraska– Analysis of available data through 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2352, x, 161 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2352B.","productDescription":"x, 161 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":24858,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2352b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":136618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2352b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":392706,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25446.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas, Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"lower Kansas River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -99,\n              38.739\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.45,\n              38.739\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.45,\n              41.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -99,\n              41.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -99,\n              38.739\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a436","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Jordan, Paul Robert","contributorId":57819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747053,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Stamer, J. K.","contributorId":47753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamer","given":"J. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":142151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70202450,"text":"70202450 - 1995 - Dynamic mapping of urban regions: Growth of the San Francisco/Sacramento region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-28T15:13:36","indexId":"70202450","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T09:05:54","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Dynamic mapping of urban regions: Growth of the San Francisco/Sacramento region","docAbstract":"<p><span>A methodology has been developed to document the tremendous growth large metropolitan regions have experienced over time. A GIS was used to compile a database of urbanization for the San Francisco/ Sacramento urban region spanning 140 years. Historical records, USGS topographic maps, aerial photographs, and Landsat imagery were used to identify the urban spatial extent. Digital transportation data and tabular census data were also incorporated into the database to provide a more complete picture of changes occurring over time. A time-series animation of urban growth for the urbanized region depicts the alarming growth patterns the area experienced between the mid-1800s and the 1990s. The same process is being used to document growth in other urban regions, such as the Baltimore-Washington area. This innovative use of temporal spatial data and animation focuses attention on the dramatic increases in urban development and the spatial patterns that have developed over time.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 1995 Annual Urban and Regional Information Systems Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"1995 Annual Urban and Regional Information Systems Association","conferenceDate":"July 16-20, 1995","conferenceLocation":"San Antonio, Texas","language":"English","publisher":"Urban and Regional Information Systems Association","publisherLocation":"Des Plaines, Illinois","usgsCitation":"Bell, C., Acevedo, W., and Taylor, J., 1995, Dynamic mapping of urban regions: Growth of the San Francisco/Sacramento region, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 1995 Annual Urban and Regional Information Systems Association, v. 1, San Antonio, Texas, July 16-20, 1995, p. 723-734.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"723","endPage":"734","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Sacramento; San Francisco","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, Cindy","contributorId":191964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bell","given":"Cindy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":758637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Acevedo, William wacevedo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acevedo","given":"William","email":"wacevedo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":758638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Janis  0000-0002-9418-5215 jltaylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9418-5215","contributorId":3869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Janis ","email":"jltaylor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":758639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":31741,"text":"ofr9566B - 1995 - Updated database and mine locations for metallic mineral districts and mines of the Black Hills, South Dakota and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T14:58:23","indexId":"ofr9566B","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-66","chapter":"B","title":"Updated database and mine locations for metallic mineral districts and mines of the Black Hills, South Dakota and Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr9566B","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Wilson, A., and DeWitt, E., 1995, Updated database and mine locations for metallic mineral districts and mines of the Black Hills, South Dakota and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-66, Two 3 1/2 inch DS/HD IBM diskettes., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9566B.","productDescription":"Two 3 1/2 inch DS/HD IBM diskettes.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277674,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0066b/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60eb44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, A.B. 0000-0002-9737-2614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-2614","contributorId":63818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"A.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeWitt, Ed","contributorId":65081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Ed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31740,"text":"ofr9566A - 1995 - Updated database and mine locations for metallic mineral districts and mines of the Black Hills, South Dakota and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:18","indexId":"ofr9566A","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-66","chapter":"A","title":"Updated database and mine locations for metallic mineral districts and mines of the Black Hills, South Dakota and Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr9566A","usgsCitation":"Wilson, A., and DeWitt, E., 1995, Updated database and mine locations for metallic mineral districts and mines of the Black Hills, South Dakota and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-66, 8 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9566A.","productDescription":"8 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0066a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59959,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0066a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60eb3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, A.B. 0000-0002-9737-2614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-2614","contributorId":63818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"A.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeWitt, Ed","contributorId":65081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Ed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":34226,"text":"b2021E - 1995 - Area adjacent to the Turkey Creek caldera, Cochise County, Arizona— Analytic data and geologic sample catalog","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":34226,"text":"b2021E - 1995 - Area adjacent to the Turkey Creek caldera, Cochise County, Arizona— Analytic data and geologic sample catalog","indexId":"b2021E","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Area adjacent to the Turkey Creek caldera, Cochise County, Arizona— Analytic data and geologic sample catalog"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33212,"text":"b2021 - 1992 - Geologic sampling of the Chiricahua mountains, Arizona","indexId":"b2021","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic sampling of the Chiricahua mountains, Arizona"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":33212,"text":"b2021 - 1992 - Geologic sampling of the Chiricahua mountains, Arizona","indexId":"b2021","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic sampling of the Chiricahua mountains, Arizona"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-06T19:23:52.48524","indexId":"b2021E","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021","chapter":"E","title":"Area adjacent to the Turkey Creek caldera, Cochise County, Arizona— Analytic data and geologic sample catalog","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic sampling of the Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2021E","usgsCitation":"Du Bray, E., and Pallister, J.S., 1995, Area adjacent to the Turkey Creek caldera, Cochise County, Arizona— Analytic data and geologic sample catalog: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2021, Report: iii, 27 p.;, 1 Plate: 29.69 × 48.65 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/b2021E.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 27 p.;, 1 Plate: 29.69 × 48.65 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":247483,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2021e/plate-1.pdf","size":"15139","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":390288,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22279.htm"},{"id":247482,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2021e/report.pdf","size":"3590","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2021e/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Cochise County","otherGeospatial":"Turkey Creek caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.5,\n              31.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.125,\n              31.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.125,\n              32.062\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.5,\n              32.062\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.5,\n              31.625\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673f8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Du Bray, E. A.","contributorId":22333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Du Bray","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":212642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pallister, John S. 0000-0002-2041-2147 jpallist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2041-2147","contributorId":2024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pallister","given":"John","email":"jpallist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":212641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28006,"text":"wri944251 - 1995 - Simulation of ground-water flow in the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico, 1901-1994, with projections to 2020","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T12:06:35","indexId":"wri944251","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4251","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow in the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico, 1901-1994, with projections to 2020","docAbstract":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-mce-style=\"text-align: left;\">This report describes a three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water-flow model of the Santa Fe Group aquifer system in the Albuquerque Basin, which comprises the Santa Fe Group (late Oligocene to middle Pleistocene age) and overlying valley and basin-fill deposits (Pleistocene to Holocene age). The model is designed to be flexible and adaptive to new geologic and hydrologic information as it becomes available, by using a geographic information system as a data-base manager to interface with the model. The aquifer system was defined and quantified in the model consistent with the current (July 1994) understanding of the structural and geohydrologic framework of the basin. Rather than putting the model through a rigorous calibration process, discrepancies between simulated and measured responses in hydraulic head were taken to indicate that the understanding of a local part of the aquifer system was incomplete or incorrect.</p><p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-mce-style=\"text-align: left;\">The model simulates ground-water flow over an area of about 2,400 square miles to a depth of 1,730 to about 2,020 feet below the water table with 244 rows, 178 columns, and 11 layers. Of the 477,752 cells in the model, 310,376 are active. The top four model layers approximate the 80- foot thickness of alluvium in the incised and refilled valley of the Rio Grande to provide detail of the effect of ground-water withdrawals on the surface-water system. Away from the valley, these four layers represent the interval within the Santa Fe Group aquifer system between the computed predevelopment water table and a level 80 feet below the grade of the Rio Grande. The simulations include initial conditions (steady-state), the 1901-1994 historical period, and four possible ground-water withdrawal scenarios from 1994 to 2020. </p><p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-mce-style=\"text-align: left;\">The model indicates that for the year ending in March 1994, net surface-water loss in the basin resulting from the City of Albuquerque's ground-water withdrawal totaled about 53,000 acre-feet. The balance of the about 123,000 acre-feet of withdrawal came from aquifer storage depletion (about 67,800 acre-feet) and captured or salvaged evapotranspiration (about 2,500 acrefeet). </p><p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-mce-style=\"text-align: left;\">In the four scenarios projected from 1994 to 2020, City of Albuquerque annual withdrawals ranged from about 98,700 to about 177,000 acre-feet by the year 2020. The range of resulting surface-water loss was from about 62,000 to about 77,000 acre-feet. The range of aquifer storage depletion was from about 33,400 to about 95,900 acre-feet. Captured evapotranspiration and drain-return flow remained nearly constant for all scenarios. From 1994 to 2020, maximum projected declines in hydraulic head in the primary water-production zone of the aquifer (model layer 9) for the four scenarios ranged from 55 to 164 feet east of the Rio Grande and from 91 to 258 feet west of the river. Average declines in a 383.7-square-mile area around Albuquerque ranged from 28 to 65 feet in the production zone for the same period.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri944251","usgsCitation":"Kernodle, J.M., McAda, D.P., and Thorn, C.R., 1995, Simulation of ground-water flow in the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico, 1901-1994, with projections to 2020: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4251, Report: ix, 114 p.; Plate: 20.31 x 31.54 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944251.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 114 p.; Plate: 20.31 x 31.54 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4251/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56832,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4251/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":359554,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4251/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Albuquerque Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.375,\n              34.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.125,\n              34.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.125,\n              35.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.375,\n              35.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.375,\n              34.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f8e4b07f02db5f2a40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kernodle, J. M.","contributorId":81139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kernodle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McAda, D. P.","contributorId":93066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAda","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thorn, C. R.","contributorId":100879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":28687,"text":"wri944141 - 1995 - Differences in results of analyses of concurrent and split stream-water samples collected and analyzed by the US Geological Survey and the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, 1985-91","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri944141","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4141","title":"Differences in results of analyses of concurrent and split stream-water samples collected and analyzed by the US Geological Survey and the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, 1985-91","docAbstract":"During water years 1985-91, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) cooperated in the collection and analysis of concurrent and split stream-water samples from selected sites in Illinois. Concurrent samples were collected independently by field personnel from each agency at the same time and sent to the IEPA laboratory, whereas the split samples were collected by USGS field personnel and divided into aliquots that were sent to each agency's laboratory for analysis. The water-quality data from these programs were examined by means of the Wilcoxon signed ranks test to identify statistically significant differences between results of the USGS and IEPA analyses. The data sets for constituents and properties identified by the Wilcoxon test as having significant differences were further examined by use of the paired t-test, mean relative percentage difference, and scattergrams to determine if the differences were important. Of the 63 constituents and properties in the concurrent-sample analysis, differences in only 2 (pH and ammonia) were statistically significant and large enough to concern water-quality engineers and planners. Of the 27 constituents and properties in the split-sample analysis, differences in 9 (turbidity, dissolved potassium, ammonia, total phosphorus, dissolved aluminum, dissolved barium, dissolved iron, dissolved manganese, and dissolved nickel) were statistically significant and large enough to con- cern water-quality engineers and planners. The differences in concentration between pairs of the concurrent samples were compared to the precision of the laboratory or field method used. The differences in concentration between pairs of the concurrent samples were compared to the precision of the laboratory or field method used. The differences in concentration between paris of split samples were compared to the precision of the laboratory method used and the interlaboratory precision of measuring a given concentration or property. Consideration of method precision indicated that differences between concurrent samples were insignificant for all concentrations and properties except pH, and that differences between split samples were significant for all concentrations and properties. Consideration of interlaboratory precision indicated that the differences between the split samples were not unusually large. The results for the split samples illustrate the difficulty in obtaining comparable and accurate water-quality data.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey-ESIC, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944141","usgsCitation":"Melching, C., and Coupe, R., 1995, Differences in results of analyses of concurrent and split stream-water samples collected and analyzed by the US Geological Survey and the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, 1985-91: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4141, iv, 46 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944141.","productDescription":"iv, 46 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4141/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57527,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4141/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d740","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Melching, Charles S.","contributorId":23973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melching","given":"Charles S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coupe, R.H.","contributorId":84778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coupe","given":"R.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30400,"text":"wri944238 - 1995 - Hydrogeology and simulation of flow between the alluvial and bedrock aquifers in the upper Black Squirrel Creek basin, El Paso County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-13T12:29:24","indexId":"wri944238","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4238","title":"Hydrogeology and simulation of flow between the alluvial and bedrock aquifers in the upper Black Squirrel Creek basin, El Paso County, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>Anticipated increases in pumping from the bedrock aquifers in El Paso County potentially could affect the direction and rate of flow between the alluvial and bedrock aquifers and lower water levels in the overlying alluvial aquifer. The alluvial aquifer underlies about 90 square miles in the upper Black Squirrel Creek Basin of eastern El Paso County. The alluvial aquifer consists of unconsolidated alluvial deposits that unconformably overlie siltstones, sandstones, and conglomerate (bedrock aquifers) and claystone, shale, and coal (bedrock confining units) of the Denver Basin. The bedrock aquifers (Dawson, Denver, Arapahoe, and Laramie-Fox Hills aquifers) are separated by confining units (upper and lower Denver and the Laramie confining units) and overlie a relatively thick and impermeable Pierre confining unit. The Pierre confining unit is assumed to be a no-flow boundary at the base of the alluvial/ bedrock aquifer system. </p><p>During 1949-90, substantial water-level declines, as large as 50 feet, in the alluvial aquifer resulted from withdrawals from the alluvial aquifer for irrigation and municipal supplies. Average recharge to the alluvial aquifer from infiltration of precipitation and surface water was an estimated 11.97 cubic feet per second and from the underlying bedrock aquifers was an estimated 0.87 cubic foot per second. </p><p>Water-level data from eight bedrock observation wells and eight nearby alluvial wells indicate that, locally, the alluvial and bedrock aquifers probably are hydraulically connected and that the alluvial aquifer in the upper Black Squirrel Creek Basin receives recharge from the Denver and Arapahoe aquifers but-locally recharges the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer. </p><p>Subsurface-temperature profiles were evaluated as a means of estimating specific discharge across the bedrock surface (the base of the alluvial aquifer). However, assumptions of the analytical method were not met by field conditions and, thus, analyses of subsurface-temperature profiles did not reliably estimate specific discharge across the bedrock surface. The vertical hydraulic diffusivity of a siltstone and sandstone in the lower Denver confining unit was estimated, by an aquifer test, to be about 8 x 10'4 square foot per day. </p><p>Physical and chemical characteristics of water from the bedrock aquifers in the study area generally differ from the physical and chemical characteristics of water from the alluvial aquifer, except for the physical and chemical characteristics of water from one bedrock well, which is completed in the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer. In the southern part of the study area, physical and chemical characteristics of ground water indicate downward flow of water from the alluvial aquifer to the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer. </p><p>A three-dimensional numerical model was used to evaluate flow of water between the alluvial aquifer and underlying bedrock. Simulation of steady-state conditions indicates that flow from the bedrock aquifers to the alluvial aquifer was about 7 percent of recharge to the alluvial aquifer, about 0.87 cubic foot per second. The potential effects of withdrawal from the alluvial and bedrock aquifers at estimated (October 1989 to September 1990) rates and from the bedrock aquifers at two larger hypothetical rates were simulated for a 50-year projection period. The model simulations indicate that water levels in the alluvial aquifer will decline an average of 8.6 feet after 50 years of pumping at estimated October 1989 to September 1990 rates. Increases in withdrawals from the bedrock aquifers in El Paso County were simulated to: (1) Capture flow that currently discharges from the bedrock aquifers to springs and streams in upland areas and to the alluvial aquifer, (2) induce flow downward from the alluvial aquifer, and (3) accelerate the rate of waterlevel decline in the alluvial aquifer.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri944238","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Cherokee Metropolitan District; Colorado Springs Utilities, Water Resources Department; and the Upper Black Squirrel Creek Ground Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Watts, K.R., 1995, Hydrogeology and simulation of flow between the alluvial and bedrock aquifers in the upper Black Squirrel Creek basin, El Paso County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4238, viii, 82 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944238.","productDescription":"viii, 82 p.","costCenters":[{"id":225,"text":"Earth Science Information Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4238/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59170,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4238/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"El Paso County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-104.6642,39.1308],[-104.6072,39.1307],[-104.4958,39.1298],[-104.3854,39.1284],[-104.2733,39.1278],[-104.166,39.1277],[-104.0521,39.1264],[-104.0538,39.0407],[-104.0544,38.9528],[-104.0549,38.8666],[-104.0537,38.7801],[-104.0525,38.693],[-104.051,38.6585],[-104.0524,38.6069],[-104.054,38.523],[-104.1629,38.5215],[-104.2759,38.5204],[-104.2794,38.5205],[-104.2836,38.5201],[-104.3759,38.52],[-104.4971,38.5192],[-104.6071,38.5187],[-104.7171,38.5186],[-104.736,38.5183],[-104.8295,38.5183],[-104.943,38.5175],[-104.9432,38.5479],[-104.943,38.5624],[-104.9429,38.6041],[-104.9427,38.6186],[-104.9429,38.6467],[-104.9429,38.6503],[-104.9427,38.6621],[-104.9427,38.6648],[-104.9428,38.6938],[-104.9399,38.6938],[-104.9386,38.7808],[-104.939,38.7949],[-105.0671,38.7946],[-105.0674,38.8666],[-105.0502,38.8665],[-105.0296,38.8668],[-105.026,39.0413],[-105.032,39.1311],[-104.9371,39.1312],[-104.9175,39.131],[-104.8303,39.1311],[-104.6642,39.1308]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"El Paso\",\"state\":\"CO\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af0e4b07f02db6916df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watts, Kenneth R.","contributorId":43783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29149,"text":"wri944190 - 1995 - Dendrogeomorphic estimate of changes in sedimentation rate along the Kankakee River near Momence, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:45","indexId":"wri944190","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4190","title":"Dendrogeomorphic estimate of changes in sedimentation rate along the Kankakee River near Momence, Illinois","docAbstract":"Changes in sedimentation rates wee estimated using root-burial depth and tree-age data at six selected data-collection sites along the Kankakee River near Momence in Kankakee County, Illinois. Five sites were in backwater areas away from the river channel, and one site was on a natural levee near the channel. A summary of the dendrogeomorphic data at the six sites indicates that sedimentation rates were greater after 1950 than before 1950. Greater sedimentation rates after 1950 were observed at four of the five backwater sites, whereas no change in sedimentation rate after 1950 was observed at the fifth backwater site. The observed rates could have been affected by any combination of soil erosion, soil compaction, or increased streamflow. A greater sedimentation rate after 1950 was observed at the levee site, which appeared to have been affected by erosion from a flood in 1950. Effects of erosion were not observed at any of th other sites. No erosional effects and soil not susceptible to compaction at the five backwater sites indicate that neither erosion nor compaction affected observed sedimentation rates. The effect of increased stream- flow in the Kankakee River Basin since the early 1900's on the observed sedimentation rates is not known.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nOpen-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944190","usgsCitation":"Phipps, R., Johnson, G., and Terrio, P.J., 1995, Dendrogeomorphic estimate of changes in sedimentation rate along the Kankakee River near Momence, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4190, iv, 30 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944190.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4190/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58023,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4190/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab2e4b07f02db66ec01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phipps, R.L.","contributorId":23985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phipps","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, G.P.","contributorId":34554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"G.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Terrio, P. J.","contributorId":11645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terrio","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":26106,"text":"wri944176 - 1995 - Spatial data in geographic information system format on agricultural chemical use, land use, and cropping practices in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-01T22:48:50.570823","indexId":"wri944176","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4176","title":"Spatial data in geographic information system format on agricultural chemical use, land use, and cropping practices in the United States","docAbstract":"The spatial data in geographic information system format described in this report consist of estimates for all counties in the conterminous United States of the annual use of 96 herbicides in 1989; annual sales of nitrogen fertilizer, in tons, for 1985-91; and agricultural expenses, land use, chemical use, livestock holdings, and cropping practices in 1987. The source information, originally in tabular form, is summarized as digital polygon attribute data in the 18 geographic information system spatial data layers (coverages) provided. The information in these coverages can be used in estimating regional agricultural-chemical use or agricultural practices and in producing visual displays and mapping relative rates of agricultural-chemical use or agricultural practices across broad regions of the United States.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Service","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri944176","usgsCitation":"Battaglin, W.A., and Goolsby, D.A., 1995, Spatial data in geographic information system format on agricultural chemical use, land use, and cropping practices in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4176, Report: iv, 87 p.; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944176.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 87 p.; Metadata","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":392356,"rank":22,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43389.htm"},{"id":277088,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nit91.xml"},{"id":2056,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri944176","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":273827,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/herbicide4.xml"},{"id":277082,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nit85.xml"},{"id":272506,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ag_crop1.xml"},{"id":277086,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nit89.xml"},{"id":277087,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nit90.xml"},{"id":277084,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nit87.xml"},{"id":272511,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ag_stock.xml"},{"id":272509,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ag_expn.xml"},{"id":277083,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nit86.xml"},{"id":272505,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ag_chem.xml"},{"id":277085,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nit88.xml"},{"id":272510,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ag_land.xml"},{"id":272508,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ag_crop2.xml"},{"id":273824,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/herbicide1.xml"},{"id":158095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4176/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54902,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4176/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":273828,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/herbicide5.xml"},{"id":273826,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/herbicide3.xml"},{"id":273825,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/herbicide2.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              [\n                -94.81758,\n                49.38905\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.64,\n                48.84\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.32914,\n                48.67074\n              ],\n              [\n                -93.63087,\n                48.60926\n              ],\n              [\n                -92.61,\n                48.45\n              ],\n              [\n                -91.64,\n                48.14\n              ],\n              [\n                -90.83,\n                48.27\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.6,\n                48.01\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.27292,\n                48.01981\n              ],\n              [\n                -88.37811,\n                48.30292\n              ],\n              [\n                -87.43979,\n                47.94\n              ],\n              [\n                -86.46199,\n                47.55334\n              ],\n              [\n                -85.65236,\n                47.22022\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.87608,\n                46.90008\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.77924,\n                46.6371\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.54375,\n                46.53868\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.6049,\n                46.4396\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.3367,\n                46.40877\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.14212,\n                46.51223\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.09185,\n                46.27542\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.89077,\n                46.11693\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.61613,\n                46.11693\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.46955,\n                45.99469\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.59285,\n                45.81689\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.55092,\n                45.34752\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.33776,\n                44.44\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.13764,\n                43.57109\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.43,\n                42.98\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.9,\n                42.43\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.12,\n                42.08\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.142,\n                41.97568\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.02981,\n                41.8328\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.69009,\n                41.67511\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.43928,\n                41.67511\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.27775,\n                42.20903\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.24745,\n                42.3662\n              ],\n              [\n                -78.93936,\n                42.86361\n              ],\n              [\n                -78.92,\n                42.965\n              ],\n              [\n                -79.01,\n                43.27\n              ],\n              [\n                -79.17167,\n                43.46634\n              ],\n              [\n                -78.72028,\n                43.62509\n              ],\n              [\n                -77.73789,\n                43.62906\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.82003,\n                43.62878\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.5,\n                44.01846\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.375,\n                44.09631\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.31821,\n                44.81645\n              ],\n              [\n                -74.867,\n                45.00048\n              ],\n              [\n                -73.34783,\n                45.00738\n              ],\n              [\n                -71.50506,\n                45.0082\n              ],\n              [\n                -71.405,\n                45.255\n              ],\n              [\n                -71.08482,\n                45.30524\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.66,\n                45.46\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.305,\n                45.915\n              ],\n              [\n                -69.99997,\n                46.69307\n              ],\n              [\n                -69.23722,\n                47.44778\n              ],\n              [\n                -68.905,\n                47.185\n              ],\n              [\n                -68.23444,\n                47.35486\n              ],\n              [\n                -67.79046,\n                47.06636\n              ],\n              [\n                -67.79134,\n                45.70281\n              ],\n              [\n                -67.13741,\n                45.13753\n              ],\n              [\n                -66.96466,\n                44.8097\n              ],\n              [\n                -68.03252,\n                44.3252\n              ],\n              [\n                -69.06,\n                43.98\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.11617,\n                43.68405\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.64548,\n                43.09024\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.81489,\n                42.8653\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.825,\n                42.335\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.495,\n                41.805\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.08,\n                41.78\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.185,\n                42.145\n              ],\n              [\n                -69.88497,\n                41.92283\n              ],\n              [\n                -69.96503,\n                41.63717\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.64,\n                41.475\n              ],\n              [\n                -71.12039,\n                41.49445\n              ],\n              [\n                -71.86,\n                41.32\n              ],\n              [\n                -72.295,\n                41.27\n              ],\n              [\n                -72.87643,\n                41.22065\n              ],\n              [\n                -73.71,\n                40.9311\n              ],\n              [\n                -72.24126,\n                41.11948\n              ],\n              [\n                -71.945,\n                40.93\n              ],\n              [\n                -73.345,\n                40.63\n              ],\n              [\n                -73.982,\n                40.628\n              ],\n              [\n                -73.95232,\n                40.75075\n              ],\n              [\n                -74.25671,\n                40.47351\n              ],\n              [\n                -73.96244,\n                40.42763\n              ],\n              [\n                -74.17838,\n                39.70926\n              ],\n              [\n                -74.90604,\n                38.93954\n              ],\n              [\n                -74.98041,\n                39.1964\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.20002,\n                39.24845\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.52805,\n                39.4985\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.32,\n                38.96\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.07183,\n                38.78203\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.05673,\n                38.40412\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.37747,\n                38.01551\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.94023,\n                37.21689\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.03127,\n                37.2566\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.72205,\n                37.93705\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.23287,\n                38.31921\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.35,\n                39.15\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.54272,\n                38.71762\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.32933,\n                38.08326\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.99,\n                38.23999\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.30162,\n                37.91794\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.25874,\n                36.9664\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.9718,\n                36.89726\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.86804,\n                36.55125\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.72749,\n                35.55074\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.36318,\n                34.80854\n              ],\n              [\n                -77.39763,\n                34.51201\n              ],\n              [\n                -78.05496,\n                33.92547\n              ],\n              [\n                -78.55435,\n                33.86133\n              ],\n              [\n                -79.06067,\n                33.49395\n              ],\n              [\n                -79.20357,\n                33.15839\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.30132,\n                32.50935\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.86498,\n                32.0333\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.33629,\n                31.44049\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.49042,\n                30.72999\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.31371,\n                30.03552\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.98,\n                29.18\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.53558,\n                28.47213\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.53,\n                28.04\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.05654,\n                26.88\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.08801,\n                26.20576\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.13156,\n                25.81677\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.38103,\n                25.20616\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.68,\n                25.08\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.17213,\n                25.20126\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.33,\n                25.64\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.71,\n                25.87\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.24,\n                26.73\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.70515,\n                27.49504\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.85526,\n                27.88624\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.65,\n                28.55\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.93,\n                29.1\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.70959,\n                29.93656\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.1,\n                30.09\n              ],\n              [\n                -85.10882,\n                29.63615\n              ],\n              [\n                -85.28784,\n                29.68612\n              ],\n              [\n                -85.7731,\n                30.15261\n              ],\n              [\n                -86.4,\n                30.4\n              ],\n              [\n                -87.53036,\n                30.27433\n              ],\n              [\n                -88.41782,\n                30.3849\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.18049,\n                30.31598\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.59383,\n                30.15999\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.41373,\n                29.89419\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.43,\n                29.48864\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.21767,\n                29.29108\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.40823,\n                29.15961\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.77928,\n                29.30714\n              ],\n              [\n                -90.15463,\n                29.11743\n              ],\n              [\n                -90.88022,\n                29.14854\n              ],\n              [\n                -91.62678,\n                29.677\n              ],\n              [\n                -92.49906,\n                29.5523\n              ],\n              [\n                -93.22637,\n                29.78375\n              ],\n              [\n                -93.84842,\n                29.71363\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.69,\n                29.48\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.60026,\n                28.73863\n              ],\n              [\n                -96.59404,\n                28.30748\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.14,\n                27.83\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.37,\n                27.38\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.38,\n                26.69\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.33,\n                26.21\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.14,\n                25.87\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.53,\n                25.84\n              ],\n              [\n                -98.24,\n                26.06\n              ],\n              [\n                -99.02,\n                26.37\n              ],\n              [\n                -99.3,\n                26.84\n              ],\n              [\n                -99.52,\n                27.54\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.11,\n                28.11\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.45584,\n                28.69612\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.9576,\n                29.38071\n              ],\n              [\n                -101.6624,\n                29.7793\n              ],\n              [\n                -102.48,\n                29.76\n              ],\n              [\n                -103.11,\n                28.97\n              ],\n              [\n                -103.94,\n                29.27\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.45697,\n                29.57196\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.70575,\n                30.12173\n              ],\n              [\n                -105.03737,\n                30.64402\n              ],\n              [\n                -105.63159,\n                31.08383\n              ],\n              [\n                -106.1429,\n                31.39995\n              ],\n              [\n                -106.50759,\n                31.75452\n              ],\n              [\n                -108.24,\n                31.75485\n              ],\n              [\n                -108.24194,\n                31.34222\n              ],\n              [\n                -109.035,\n                31.34194\n              ],\n              [\n                -111.02361,\n                31.33472\n              ],\n              [\n                -113.30498,\n                32.03914\n              ],\n              [\n                -114.815,\n                32.52528\n              ],\n              [\n                -114.72139,\n                32.72083\n              ],\n              [\n                -115.99135,\n                32.61239\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.12776,\n                32.53534\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.29594,\n                33.04622\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.944,\n                33.62124\n              ],\n              [\n                -118.4106,\n                33.74091\n              ],\n              [\n                -118.51989,\n                34.02778\n              ],\n              [\n                -119.081,\n                34.078\n              ],\n              [\n                -119.43884,\n                34.34848\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.36778,\n                34.44711\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.62286,\n                34.60855\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.74433,\n                35.15686\n              ],\n              [\n                -121.71457,\n                36.16153\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.54747,\n                37.55176\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.51201,\n                37.78339\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.95319,\n                38.11371\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.7272,\n                38.95166\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.86517,\n                39.76699\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.39807,\n                40.3132\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.17886,\n                41.14202\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.2137,\n                41.99964\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.53284,\n                42.76599\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.14214,\n                43.70838\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.02053,\n                44.6159\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.89893,\n                45.52341\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.07963,\n                46.86475\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.39567,\n                47.72017\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.68721,\n                48.18443\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.5661,\n                48.37971\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.12,\n                48.04\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.58736,\n                47.096\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.34,\n                47.36\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.5,\n                48.18\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.84,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -120,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.03121,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -116.04818,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -113,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -110.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -107.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.04826,\n                48.99986\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.65,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.22872,\n                49.0007\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.15907,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.15609,\n                49.38425\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.81758,\n                49.38905\n              ]\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      },\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"name\": \"United States\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6d8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goolsby, Donald A.","contributorId":46083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29051,"text":"wri944230 - 1995 - Simulated monthly hydrologic data and estimated flood characteristics for Cherry Creek at a proposed reservoir site near Terry, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-21T13:46:18","indexId":"wri944230","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4230","title":"Simulated monthly hydrologic data and estimated flood characteristics for Cherry Creek at a proposed reservoir site near Terry, Montana","docAbstract":"<p>Methods used to simulate a monthly hydrologic budget for water years 1937-92 for the proposed Cherry Creek Reservoir (maximum volume about 14,100 acre-feet) are described and monthly results of the simulation are presented. The budget is based on recorded and estimated streamflow, precipitation, evaporation, and estimated reservoir seepage. The budget also includes water diversions from the Yellowstone River whenever the reservoir depth was less than 20 feet (minimum operating level of 2,260 feet) and outflows whenever the reservoir elevation exceeded a maximum operating level of 2,290 feet. Monthly suspended sediment and dissolved-solids concentrations in the reservoir were estimated from regression relations between logarithms of concentration and streamflow for Cherry Creek and for the Yellowstone River near Sidney, Montana.</p><p>The results of the reservoir simulation indicate that flows from Cherry Creek, an intermittent stream having a drainage area of about 360 square miles, generally were adequate to maintain the reservoir elevation above the minimum operating level if no seepage loss occurred. With a seepage loss of 3 cubic feet per second, flow diversions from the Yellowstone River were required for 34 percent of the months to maintain the reservoir elevation at minimum operating level. The reservoir elevation generally was maintained near maximum operating level for a seepage loss of 0 cubic feet per second, but generally was close to minimum operating level for a seepage loss of 3 cubic feet per second. Cumulative sediment deposition for the 56-year period was estimated to be about 138 acre-feet from Cherry Creek alone and only slightly more (149 acre-feet) when additional water was imported from the Yellowstone River.<br></p><p>The simulated concentration of dissolved solids in the reservoir showed a slightly increasing trend over time, interrupted by several large decreases, for no reservoir seepage loss. The maximum concentration for no seepage loss reached a maximum value of about 2,500 milligrams per liter in 1982. For a seepage loss of 3 cubic feet per second, water was imported from the Yellowstone River, and the concentration generally ranged from about 500 to about 1,200 milligrams per liter throughout the period.<br></p><p>Flood hydrographs and volumes for flood discharges having 25-, 50-, and 100-year recurrence intervals were estimated from synthetic 24-hour duration storms having total storm depths with recurrence intervals of 25, 50, and 100 years. These synthetic storms were used in a rainfall-runoff model (HEC-1) based on the Clark unit-hydrograph method to develop flood hydrographs from which volumes were computed. The peak discharges of the 25-, 50-, and 100-year flood hydrographs determined from the rainfallrunoff model compared closely to the 25-, 50-, and 100-year peak discharges determined from regional equations developed by the U. S. Geological Survey. The volume of the 100-year hydrograph developed from the HEC-1 model was about 11,250 acre-feet. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ","doi":"10.3133/wri944230","usgsCitation":"Parrett, C., and Johnson, D., 1995, Simulated monthly hydrologic data and estimated flood characteristics for Cherry Creek at a proposed reservoir site near Terry, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4230, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944230.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159577,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4230/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57916,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4230/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Prairie County","city":"Terry","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-105.4013,47.1824],[-105.3211,47.1826],[-105.324,46.9937],[-105.3241,46.9767],[-105.2415,46.9773],[-105.2202,46.9774],[-105.1936,46.9773],[-105.1942,46.9194],[-105.1736,46.919],[-105.153,46.9192],[-105.0679,46.9186],[-105.0672,46.9029],[-105.048,46.9026],[-105.0484,46.8888],[-105.0286,46.8881],[-105.0283,46.86],[-104.7963,46.8597],[-104.7744,46.8598],[-104.7525,46.8598],[-104.7112,46.8599],[-104.666,46.8598],[-104.6003,46.8597],[-104.5997,46.8284],[-104.6031,46.8277],[-104.603,46.8148],[-104.603,46.8001],[-104.6029,46.7858],[-104.6036,46.7712],[-104.6035,46.7427],[-104.6034,46.6985],[-104.6033,46.6847],[-104.604,46.6701],[-104.6039,46.6563],[-104.6278,46.6559],[-104.649,46.6559],[-104.6696,46.6554],[-104.708,46.6552],[-104.7299,46.6552],[-104.7298,46.641],[-104.7297,46.612],[-104.7708,46.6119],[-104.792,46.6119],[-104.7973,46.6116],[-104.8576,46.6114],[-104.8578,46.5857],[-104.858,46.5673],[-104.8983,46.5681],[-104.9816,46.5691],[-104.9814,46.5554],[-104.9814,46.5402],[-105.0694,46.5401],[-105.0905,46.54],[-105.113,46.54],[-105.1328,46.5403],[-105.1533,46.5401],[-105.1996,46.5401],[-105.2161,46.5403],[-105.238,46.5402],[-105.2375,46.554],[-105.2376,46.5691],[-105.2588,46.569],[-105.28,46.5694],[-105.3666,46.569],[-105.3832,46.5691],[-105.4043,46.5695],[-105.4083,46.5692],[-105.4255,46.5698],[-105.4493,46.5698],[-105.4501,46.5845],[-105.451,46.5992],[-105.4721,46.5995],[-105.4907,46.5993],[-105.4911,46.6117],[-105.4906,46.6259],[-105.4908,46.6411],[-105.4909,46.6576],[-105.5313,46.6568],[-105.5764,46.6566],[-105.5767,46.6708],[-105.5774,46.6869],[-105.5778,46.7003],[-105.5781,46.7141],[-105.5784,46.7453],[-105.6182,46.7449],[-105.6217,46.8314],[-105.7074,46.8316],[-105.7658,46.8314],[-105.7871,46.8316],[-105.8276,46.8316],[-105.8288,46.8606],[-105.8554,46.8606],[-105.876,46.8608],[-105.8972,46.8606],[-105.9185,46.8604],[-105.9391,46.8607],[-105.9604,46.8604],[-106.0235,46.8602],[-106.0447,46.86],[-106.0653,46.8597],[-106.0872,46.86],[-106.0866,46.9188],[-106.0865,46.9307],[-106.0853,47.007],[-106.0857,47.0208],[-106.0854,47.035],[-106.0861,47.0938],[-106.0876,47.1808],[-105.9574,47.1821],[-105.9575,47.0938],[-105.8308,47.0937],[-105.8311,47.1093],[-105.8313,47.1241],[-105.8317,47.1383],[-105.8319,47.182],[-105.7044,47.1813],[-105.4013,47.1824]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Prairie\",\"state\":\"MT\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bae6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrett, Charles","contributorId":9635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, D.R.","contributorId":92711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28578,"text":"wri954021 - 1995 - Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River Basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin: Cross-sectional and depth variation of water-quality constituents and properties in the upper Illinois River Basin, 1987-88","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-23T21:30:28.145813","indexId":"wri954021","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4021","title":"Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River Basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin: Cross-sectional and depth variation of water-quality constituents and properties in the upper Illinois River Basin, 1987-88","docAbstract":"Data on water velocity, temperature, specific con- ductance, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, chlorophyll concentration, suspended sediment con- centration, fecal-coliform counts, and the percen- tage of suspended sediment finer than 62 micrometers ranged up to 21 percent; and cross-section coefficients of variation of the concentrations of suspended sediment, fecal coliform, and chlorophyll ranged from 7 to 115 percent. Midchannel measure- ments of temperature, specific conductance, and pH were within 5 percent of mean cross-sectional values of these properties at the eight sampling sites, most of which appear well mixed because of the effect of dams and reservoirs. Measurements of the concentration of dissolved oxygen at various cross- section locations and at variable sampling depths are required to obtain a representative value of this constituent at these sites. The large varia- bility of concentrations of chlorophyll and suspended sediment, and fecal-coliform counts at the eight sampling sites indicates that composite rather than midchannel or mean values of these constituents are likely to be most representative of the channel cross section.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954021","usgsCitation":"Marron, D.C., and Blanchard, S.F., 1995, Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River Basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin: Cross-sectional and depth variation of water-quality constituents and properties in the upper Illinois River Basin, 1987-88: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4021, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954021.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2360,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://il.water.usgs.gov/pubsearch/reports.cgi/view?series=WRIR&number=95-4021","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":393387,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48138.htm"},{"id":159087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4021/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57401,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4021/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"upper Illinois River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89,\n              40.4667\n            ],\n            [\n              -86,\n              40.4667\n            ],\n            [\n              -86,\n              43.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -89,\n              43.1\n\n            ],\n            [\n              -89,\n              40.4667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a675","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marron, Donna C.","contributorId":6900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marron","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blanchard, Stephen F.","contributorId":54966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26067,"text":"wri944216 - 1995 - Verification and adjustment of regional regression models for urban storm-runoff quality using data collected in Little Rock, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:28","indexId":"wri944216","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4216","title":"Verification and adjustment of regional regression models for urban storm-runoff quality using data collected in Little Rock, Arkansas","docAbstract":"Storm-runoff water-quality data were used to verify and, when appropriate, adjust regional regression models previously developed to estimate urban storm- runoff loads and mean concentrations in Little Rock, Arkansas. Data collected at 5 representative sites during 22 storms from June 1992 through January 1994 compose the Little Rock data base. Comparison of observed values (0) of storm-runoff loads and mean concentrations to the predicted values (Pu) from the regional regression models for nine constituents (chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, total nitrogen, total ammonia plus organic nitrogen as nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved phosphorus, total recoverable copper, total recoverable lead, and total recoverable zinc) shows large prediction errors ranging from 63 to several thousand percent. Prediction errors for six of the regional regression models are less than 100 percent, and can be considered reasonable for water-quality models. Differences between 0 and Pu are due to variability in the Little Rock data base and error in the regional models. Where applicable, a model adjustment procedure (termed MAP-R-P) based upon regression with 0 against Pu was applied to improve predictive accuracy. For 11 of the 18 regional water-quality models, 0 and Pu are significantly correlated, that is much of the variation in 0 is explained by the regional models. Five of these 11 regional models consistently overestimate O; therefore, MAP-R-P can be used to provide a better estimate. For the remaining seven regional models, 0 and Pu are not significanfly correlated, thus neither the unadjusted regional models nor the MAP-R-P is appropriate. A simple estimator, such as the mean of the observed values may be used if the regression models are not appropriate. Standard error of estimate of the adjusted models ranges from 48 to 130 percent. Calibration results may be biased due to the limited data set sizes in the Little Rock data base. The relatively large values of standard error of estimate for some of the constituent models may be unacceptable for some applications. The user may need to collect additional local data for these constituents and repeat the model adjustment procedure analysis or calibrate an independent local regression model.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944216","usgsCitation":"Barks, C., 1995, Verification and adjustment of regional regression models for urban storm-runoff quality using data collected in Little Rock, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4216, v, 12, 25 p. :map ;28 cm. [PGS - 37 p.], https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944216.","productDescription":"v, 12, 25 p. :map ;28 cm. [PGS - 37 p.]","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157904,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4216/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54844,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4216/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db60221a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barks, C. S.","contributorId":66712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barks","given":"C. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27967,"text":"wri944217 - 1995 - Efficiency of a stormwater detention pond in reducing loads of chemical and physical constituents in urban streamflow, Pinellas County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:36","indexId":"wri944217","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4217","title":"Efficiency of a stormwater detention pond in reducing loads of chemical and physical constituents in urban streamflow, Pinellas County, Florida","docAbstract":"A multipurpose wet stormwater detention pond in Pinellas Park, Florida was studied to determine its effectiveness in reducing the load of selected water-quality constituents commonly found in urban streamflow. Water-quality samples, and data on streamflow and precipitation were collected at the outflow and principal inflow of detention area 3 on Saint Joe Creek. To compare the constituent loads entering and leaving the detention pond, flows and water quality were monitored simultaneously at the inflow and outflow sites for six storms, and were monitored intermittently during periods of base flow. Lodas od 19 selected chemical and physical constituents were determined. Because all the stormwater entering the detention pond was not measured at the inflow site, computed stormwater inflow loads were adjusted to account for loads from the unmonitored areas. The ratio of storm- water volume measured at the outflow site to stormwater volume measured at the inflow site was used to adjust inflow loads for individual storms. Pond efficiencies for selected water- quality constituents for each of the storms were estimated by dividing the difference in outflow and adjusted inflow loads by the adjusted inflow load. Stormwater loads of the major ions (chloride, calcium and bicarbonate) and dissolved solids at the outflow site exceeded loads at the inflow site, partly as a result of mixing with base flow stored within the pond. However, the detention pond was effective in reducing the stormwater load of such urban-runoff contaminants as metals, nutrients, suspended solids, and biochemical and chemical oxygen demand. Estimated median pond efficiencies for reducing constituent loads ranged from 25 to more than 60 percent for metals, 2 to 52 percent for nutrients, 2 to 52 percent for nutrients, 7 to 11 percent for two measurements of suspended solids, and 16 to 49 percent for the oxygen- consuming substances. The reductions of constituent loads in stormwater are probably a result of dilution with pond water (particularly for smaller storms), adsorption, chemical precipitation, settling, biologic uptake, and oxidation. The establishment of aquatic vegetation midway through the study appears to have increased the efficiency of the pond in reducing loads of urban-runoff contaminants in stormwater. The efficiency of the detention pond in reducing base-flow loads was estimated by comparing base-flow loads at the out- flow site prior to and after construction of the pond. Loads of major ions and dissolved solids in base flow were reduced at median efficiencies ranging from 17 to 35 percent. Urban-runoff con- taminants in base flow were generally reduced at higher efficiencies. Median efficiencies ranged from 38 to 82 percent for metals, 19 to 83 percent for nutrients, 34 to 45 percent for suspended solids, and 43 to 65 for the oxygen-consuming substances. The reductions in loads in base flow are probably a result of adsorption, chemical precipitation, biologic uptake, and settling within the pond. These processes were more effective in reducing base-flow loads after the establishment of aquatic vegetation in the pond.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944217","usgsCitation":"Kantrowitz, I., and Woodham, W.M., 1995, Efficiency of a stormwater detention pond in reducing loads of chemical and physical constituents in urban streamflow, Pinellas County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4217, iv, 18 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944217.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123857,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4217/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56785,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4217/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db60684d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kantrowitz, I.H.","contributorId":15646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kantrowitz","given":"I.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodham, W. M.","contributorId":72356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodham","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":18128,"text":"ofr9554 - 1995 - Basic data and preliminary density profile from a borehole gravity survey made in the 341-11P well, Kettleman North Dome oil field, Kings County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:21","indexId":"ofr9554","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-54","title":"Basic data and preliminary density profile from a borehole gravity survey made in the 341-11P well, Kettleman North Dome oil field, Kings County, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9554","usgsCitation":"Beyer, L.A., Clutsom, F.G., and Grubb, F., 1995, Basic data and preliminary density profile from a borehole gravity survey made in the 341-11P well, Kettleman North Dome oil field, Kings County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-54, 24 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9554.","productDescription":"24 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0054/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47483,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0054/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db648612","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, Larry A. lbeyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"Larry","email":"lbeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":178598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clutsom, F. G.","contributorId":108114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clutsom","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grubb, F.V.","contributorId":76750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grubb","given":"F.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":17830,"text":"ofr95129 - 1995 - Water-quality data for the Ohio River from New Cumberland Dam to Pike Island Dam, West Virginia and Ohio, June-November 1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:12","indexId":"ofr95129","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-129","title":"Water-quality data for the Ohio River from New Cumberland Dam to Pike Island Dam, West Virginia and Ohio, June-November 1992","docAbstract":"This report contains water-quality data for the Ohio River, collected during the summer and fall of 1992, from river mile 51.1 (3.3 miles upstream from New Cumberland Dam) to river mile 84.0 (0.2 miles upstream from Pike Island Dam). The data were collected to assess the effects of hydropower development on water quality. Water quality was determined by a combination of repeated synoptic field measurements and laboratory analyses. Synoptic measurements were made along a longitudinal transect with 18 mid-channel sampling sites; cross-sectional transects of water quality were measured at 5 of these sites. Water-quality measurements also were made at two sites located on the back-channel (Ohio) side of Browns Island. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, and specific conductance were measured at each longitudinal-transect and back-channel sampling site. Longitudinal-transect and back-channel stations were sampled at three depths (about 3.3 feet below the surface of the water, middle of the water column, and near the bottom of the river). Cross-sectional transects consisted of three or four detailed vertical pro- files of the same characteristics. Water samples were collected from three depths at the mid-channel vertical profile in each cross-sectional transect and were analyzed for concentrations of phyto- plankton photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. Estimates of the depth of light penetration (Secchi disk transparency) were made at pigment-sampling locations whenever light and river-surface conditions were appropriate. Synoptic sampling usually was completed in 12 hours or less and was repeated seven times between June 25 and November 6, 1992.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95129","usgsCitation":"Miller, K.F., Faulkenburg, C., Chambers, D., and Waldron, M., 1995, Water-quality data for the Ohio River from New Cumberland Dam to Pike Island Dam, West Virginia and Ohio, June-November 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-129, iv, 46 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95129.","productDescription":"iv, 46 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0129/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47068,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0129/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ac4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Kimberly F. kfmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Kimberly","email":"kfmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":178038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Faulkenburg, C.W.","contributorId":6073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faulkenburg","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chambers, D.B.","contributorId":76762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chambers","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waldron, M.C.","contributorId":33342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldron","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":18722,"text":"ofr9555 - 1995 - A compilation of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide emission-rate data from Cook Inlet volcanoes (Redoubt, Spurr, Iliamna, and Augustine), Alaska during the period from 1990 to 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-09T11:36:44","indexId":"ofr9555","displayToPublicDate":"1995-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-55","title":"A compilation of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide emission-rate data from Cook Inlet volcanoes (Redoubt, Spurr, Iliamna, and Augustine), Alaska during the period from 1990 to 1994","docAbstract":"Airborne sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas sampling of the Cook Inlet volcanoes (Mt. Spurr, Redoubt, Iliamna, and Augustine) began in 1986 when several measurements were carried out at Augustine volcano during the eruption of 1986 (Rose and others, 1988). More systematic monitoring for SO2 began in March 1990 and for carbon dioxide (CO2) began in June, 1990 at Redoubt Volcano (Brantley, 1990 and Casadevall and others, 1994) and continues to the present. This report contains all of the available daily SO2 and CO2 emission rates determined by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) from March 1990 through July 1994. Intermittent measurements (four to six month intervals) at Augustine and Iliamna began in 1990 and continues to the present. Intermittent measurements began at Mt. Spurr volcano in 1991, and were continued at more regular intervals from June, 1992 through the 1992 eruption at the Crater Peak vent to the present.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9555","usgsCitation":"Doukas, M.P., 1995, A compilation of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide emission-rate data from Cook Inlet volcanoes (Redoubt, Spurr, Iliamna, and Augustine), Alaska during the period from 1990 to 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-55, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9555.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":7854,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-055/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":151019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0055/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48080,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0055/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cook Inlet Volcanoes","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.2430419921875,\n              60.38400502971434\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.215576171875,\n              60.38400502971434\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.215576171875,\n              60.38943385115715\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2430419921875,\n              60.38943385115715\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2430419921875,\n              60.38400502971434\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.423095703125,\n              59.22093407615045\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.63330078125,\n              59.22093407615045\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.63330078125,\n              60.75647607960709\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.423095703125,\n              60.75647607960709\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.423095703125,\n              59.22093407615045\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0ea8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doukas, Michael P. mdoukas@usgs.gov","contributorId":2686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doukas","given":"Michael","email":"mdoukas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":179626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}