{"pageNumber":"1327","pageRowStart":"33150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184769,"records":[{"id":70144518,"text":"70144518 - 2014 - Temporal and spatial changes in golden eagle reproduction in relation to increased off highway vehicle activity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:17:18","indexId":"70144518","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial changes in golden eagle reproduction in relation to increased off highway vehicle activity","docAbstract":"<p><span>We used &gt;40 years of data on golden eagles (</span><i>Aquila chrysaetos</i><span>) nesting in southwestern Idaho, USA, to assess whether the proportion of territories and pairs producing young has changed over time, and whether territories in areas where off highway vehicle (OHV) use has increased significantly were less likely to be productive than those in areas that continued to have little or no motorized recreation. The proportion of territories that produced young was similar across southwestern Idaho from the late 1960s to 1999. After a dramatic increase in OHV use from 1999 to 2009, occupancy and success of territories in close proximity to recreational trails and parking areas declined, and the proportion of these territories producing young differed significantly from territories not impacted by OHVs. We could not pinpoint which types of motorized activity are most disturbing, nor could we identify disturbance thresholds at which eagles abandon their eggs, their young, and finally their territory. Timing, proximity, duration, and frequency of disturbance could all play a role. &copy; 2014 The Wildlife Society.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.451","usgsCitation":"Steenhof, K., Brown, J.L., and Kochert, M.N., 2014, Temporal and spatial changes in golden eagle reproduction in relation to increased off highway vehicle activity: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 38, no. 4, p. 682-688, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.451.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"682","endPage":"688","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053499","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/3b673162db474e6fa1251ea6a8b396a9","text":"External Repository"},{"id":299203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.63635253906249,\n              42.58544425738491\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.63635253906249,\n              43.32118142926663\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.697021484375,\n              43.32118142926663\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.697021484375,\n              42.58544425738491\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.63635253906249,\n              42.58544425738491\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bc52ee4b0323842783a57","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/wsb.451","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.451","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Steenhof Karen, Brown Jessi L., Kochert Michael N.","journalName":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","publicationDate":"7/1/2014","auditedOn":"2/8/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steenhof, Karen karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","contributorId":30585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steenhof","given":"Karen","email":"karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Jessi L.","contributorId":44817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Jessi","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13184,"text":"Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kochert, Michael N. 0000-0002-4380-3298 mkochert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-3298","contributorId":3037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kochert","given":"Michael","email":"mkochert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70142989,"text":"70142989 - 2014 - Pollutant sensitivity of the endangered Tar River Spinymussel as assessed by single chemical and effluent toxicity tests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-23T12:35:28","indexId":"70142989","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Pollutant sensitivity of the endangered Tar River Spinymussel as assessed by single chemical and effluent toxicity tests","docAbstract":"<p>The federally endangered Tar River spinymussel (Elliptio steinstansana) is endemic to the Tar River and Neuse River systems in North Carolina. The extent to which water quality limits Tar River spinymussels’ recovery is important to establish, and one aspect of that is understanding the species’ pollutant sensitivity. The primary objectives of this study were to 1) develop captive propagation and culture methods for Tar River spinymussels; 2) determine the pollutant sensitivity of captively propagated Tar River spinymussels; 3) examine the utility of the non-endangered yellow lance (Elliptio lanceolata), yellow lampmussel (Lampsilis cariosa) and notched rainbow (Villosa constricta) as surrogates for the Tar River spinymussels’ chemical sensitivity; 4) develop a 7-d method for conducting effluent toxicity tests starting with newly transformed mussels; 5) assess the toxicity of municipal wastewater effluents discharged into the Tar River spinymussels’ current and historic habitat; and, 6) evaluate the protection afforded by existing effluent toxicity test requirements.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Fish and Wildlife Service ","usgsCitation":"Augspurger, T., Wang, N., Kunz, J.L., and Ingersoll, C.G., 2014, Pollutant sensitivity of the endangered Tar River Spinymussel as assessed by single chemical and effluent toxicity tests, viii, 46 p. .","productDescription":"viii, 46 p. ","ipdsId":"IP-063796","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328417,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":298561,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/pdfs/FinalP_Sensi_TRS.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d28baee4b0571647d0f93d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Augspurger, Thomas P.","contributorId":139666,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augspurger","given":"Thomas P.","affiliations":[{"id":12872,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 551-F Pylon Drive, Raleigh, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Ning 0000-0002-2846-3352 nwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2846-3352","contributorId":2818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Ning","email":"nwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kunz, James L. 0000-0002-1027-158X jkunz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1027-158X","contributorId":3309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"James","email":"jkunz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70117702,"text":"70117702 - 2014 - Predicting occupancy for pygmy rabbits in Wyoming: an independent evaluation of two species distribution models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T16:16:49","indexId":"70117702","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting occupancy for pygmy rabbits in Wyoming: an independent evaluation of two species distribution models","docAbstract":"<p><span>Species distribution models are an important component of natural-resource conservation planning efforts. Independent, external evaluation of their accuracy is important before they are used in management contexts. We evaluated the classification accuracy of two species distribution models designed to predict the distribution of pygmy rabbit&nbsp;</span><i>Brachylagus idahoensis</i><span>&nbsp;habitat in southwestern Wyoming, USA. The Nature Conservancy model was deductive and based on published information and expert opinion, whereas the Wyoming Natural Diversity Database model was statistically derived using historical observation data. We randomly selected 187 evaluation survey points throughout southwestern Wyoming in areas predicted to be habitat and areas predicted to be nonhabitat for each model. The Nature Conservancy model correctly classified 39 of 77 (50.6%) unoccupied evaluation plots and 65 of 88 (73.9%) occupied plots for an overall classification success of 63.3%. The Wyoming Natural Diversity Database model correctly classified 53 of 95 (55.8%) unoccupied plots and 59 of 88 (67.0%) occupied plots for an overall classification success of 61.2%. Based on 95% asymptotic confidence intervals, classification success of the two models did not differ. The models jointly classified 10.8% of the area as habitat and 47.4% of the area as nonhabitat, but were discordant in classifying the remaining 41.9% of the area. To evaluate how anthropogenic development affected model predictive success, we surveyed 120 additional plots among three density levels of gas-field road networks. Classification success declined sharply for both models as road-density level increased beyond 5&nbsp;km of roads per km-squared area. Both models were more effective at predicting habitat than nonhabitat in relatively undeveloped areas, and neither was effective at accounting for the effects of gas-energy-development road networks. Resource managers who wish to know the amount of pygmy rabbit habitat present in an area or wanting to direct gas-drilling efforts away from pygmy rabbit habitat may want to consider both models in an ensemble manner, where more confidence is placed in mapped areas (i.e., pixels) for which both models agree than for areas where there is model disagreement.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Scientific Journals","doi":"10.3996/022014-JFWM-016","usgsCitation":"Germaine, S., Ignizio, D., Keinath, D., and Copeland, H., 2014, Predicting occupancy for pygmy rabbits in Wyoming: an independent evaluation of two species distribution models: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 5, no. 2, p. 298-314, https://doi.org/10.3996/022014-JFWM-016.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"298","endPage":"314","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053665","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/022014-jfwm-016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297449,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              45.120052841530516\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.974609375,\n              45.120052841530516\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.1064453125,\n              41.07935114946899\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.26953125,\n              41.07935114946899\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              45.120052841530516\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2aa4e4b08de9379b315c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Germaine, Steve 0000-0002-7614-2676 germaines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7614-2676","contributorId":4743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germaine","given":"Steve","email":"germaines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ignizio, Drew 0000-0001-8054-5139","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-5139","contributorId":94602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ignizio","given":"Drew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keinath, Doug","contributorId":115136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keinath","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Copeland, Holly","contributorId":120920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Copeland","given":"Holly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70147001,"text":"70147001 - 2014 - Ecohydrology of dry regions: storage versus pulse soil water dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-24T14:17:53","indexId":"70147001","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecohydrology of dry regions: storage versus pulse soil water dynamics","docAbstract":"<p><span>Although arid and semiarid regions are defined by low precipitation, the seasonal timing of temperature and precipitation can influence net primary production and plant functional type composition. The importance of precipitation seasonality is evident in semiarid areas of the western U.S., which comprise the Intermountain (IM) zone, a region that receives important winter precipitation and is dominated by woody plants and the Great Plains (GP), a region that receives primarily summer precipitation and is dominated by perennial grasses. Although these general relationships are well recognized, specific differences in water cycling between these regions have not been well characterized. We used a daily time step soil water simulation model and twenty sites from each region to analyze differences in soil water dynamics and ecosystem water balance. IM soil water patterns are characterized by storage of water during fall, winter, and spring resulting in relatively reliable available water during spring and early summer, particularly in deep soil layers. By contrast, GP soil water patterns are driven by pulse precipitation events during the warm season, resulting in fluctuating water availability in all soil layers. These contrasting patterns of soil water&mdash;storage versus pulse dynamics&mdash;explain important differences between the two regions. Notably, the storage dynamics of the IN sites increases water availability in deep soil layers, favoring the deeper rooted woody plants in that region, whereas the pulse dynamics of the Great Plains sites provide water primarily in surface layers, favoring the shallow-rooted grasses in that region. In addition, because water received when plants are either not active or only partially so is more vulnerable to evaporation and sublimation than water delivered during the growing season, IM ecosystems use a smaller fraction of precipitation for transpiration (47%) than GP ecosystems (49%). Recognizing the pulse-storage dichotomy in soil water regimes between the IM and GP regions may be useful for understanding the potential influence of climate changes on soil water patterns and resulting dominant plant functional groups in both regions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-014-9808-y","usgsCitation":"Lauenroth, W.K., Schlaepfer, D., and Bradford, J.B., 2014, Ecohydrology of dry regions: storage versus pulse soil water dynamics: Ecosystems, v. 17, no. 8, p. 1469-1479, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-014-9808-y.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1469","endPage":"1479","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029594","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299874,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"553b6943e4b0a658d79371b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lauenroth, William K.","contributorId":80982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lauenroth","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7098,"text":"University of Wyoming, Department of Botany, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schlaepfer, Daniel R.","contributorId":105189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schlaepfer","given":"Daniel R.","affiliations":[{"id":7098,"text":"University of Wyoming, Department of Botany, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70150317,"text":"70150317 - 2014 - Impacts of drought and crayfish invasion on stream ecosystem structure and function","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T13:08:24","indexId":"70150317","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of drought and crayfish invasion on stream ecosystem structure and function","docAbstract":"<p><span>Drought and seasonal drying can be important disturbance events in many small streams, leading to intermittent or isolated habitats. Many small streams contain crayfish populations that are often keystone or dominant species in these systems. I conducted an experiment in stream mesocosms to examine the effects of drought and potential ecological redundancy of a native and invasive crayfish species. I examined the effects of drought (drought or control) and crayfish presence (none, native crayfish&nbsp;</span><i>Orconectes eupunctus</i><span>&nbsp;or invasive crayfish&nbsp;</span><i>Orconectes neglectus</i><span>) on stream mesocosm structure and function (leaf breakdown, community metabolism, periphyton, sediment and chironomid densities) in a fully factorial design. Each mesocosm contained a deep and shallow section, and drought treatments had surface water present (5-cm depth) in deep sections where tiles and leaf packs were placed. Drought and crayfish presence did not interact for any response variable. Drought significantly reduced leaf breakdown, and crayfish presence significantly increased leaf breakdown. However, the native and invasive crayfish species did not differ significantly in their effects on leaf breakdown. Drought significantly reduced primary production and community respiration overall, whereas crayfish presence did not significantly affect primary production and community respiration. Neither drought nor crayfish presence significantly affected periphyton overall. However, drought significantly reduced autotrophic index (AI), and crayfish presence increased AI. Inorganic sediment and chironomid density were not affected by drought, but both were significantly reduced by crayfish presence.&nbsp;</span><i>O.&thinsp;eupunctus</i><span>&nbsp;reduced AI and sediment more than&nbsp;</span><i>O.&thinsp;neglectus</i><span>&nbsp;did. Neither drought nor crayfish species significantly affected crayfish growth or survival. Drought can have strong effects on ecosystem function, but weaker effects on benthic structure. Crayfish can have strong effects on ecosystem structure and function regardless of drought. In stream mesocosms, native and invasive crayfish species appeared largely ecologically redundant, although subtle differences in crayfish effects could cascade throughout the food web, and further research is needed to address this question.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.2747","usgsCitation":"Magoulick, D.D., 2014, Impacts of drought and crayfish invasion on stream ecosystem structure and function: River Research and Applications, v. 30, no. 10, p. 1309-1317, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2747.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1309","endPage":"1317","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043564","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305540,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55950f31e4b0b6d21dd6cbeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magoulick, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9665-5957 danmag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-5957","contributorId":2513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoulick","given":"Daniel","email":"danmag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70189303,"text":"70189303 - 2014 - The future of nearshore processes research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-12T11:04:59","indexId":"70189303","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"The future of nearshore processes research","docAbstract":"<p>The nearshore is the transition region between land and the continental shelf including (from onshore to offshore) coastal plains, wetlands, estuaries, coastal cliffs, dunes, beaches, surf zones (regions of wave breaking), and the inner shelf (Figure ES-1). Nearshore regions are vital to the national economy, security, commerce, and recreation. The nearshore is dynamically evolving, is often densely populated, and is under increasing threat from sea level rise, long-term erosion, extreme storms, and anthropogenic influences. Worldwide, almost one billion people live at elevations within 10 m of present sea level. Long-term erosion threatens communities, infrastructure, ecosystems, and habitat. Extreme storms can cause billions of dollars of damage. Degraded water quality impacts ecosystem and human health. Nearshore processes, the complex interactions between water, sediment, biota, and humans, must be understood and predicted to manage this often highly developed yet vulnerable nearshore environment. </p><p>Over the past three decades, the understanding of nearshore processes has improved. However, societal needs are growing with increased coastal urbanization and threats of future climate change, and significant scientific challenges remain. To address these challenges, members of academia, industry, and federal agencies (USGS, USACE, NPS, NOAA, FEMA, ONR) met at the “The Past and Future of Nearshore Processes Research: Reflections on the Sallenger Years and a New Vision for the Future” workshop to develop a nearshore processes research vision where societal needs and science challenges intersect. The resulting vision is comprised of three broad research themes: </p><p><ol><li>Long-term coastal evolution due to natural and anthropogenic processes: As global climate change alters the rates of sea level rise and potentially storm patterns and coastal urbanization increases over the coming decades, an understanding of coastal evolution is critical. Improved knowledge of long-term morphological, ecological, and societal processes and their interactions will result in an improved ability to simulate coastal change. This will enable proactive solutions for resilient coasts and better guidance for reducing coastal vulnerability.<br></li><li>Extreme Events: Flooding, erosion, and the subsequent recovery: Hurricane Sandy caused flooding and erosion along hundreds of miles of shoreline, flooded New York City, and impacted communities and infrastructure. Overall U.S. coastal extreme event related economic losses have increased substantially. Furthermore, climate change may cause an increase in coastal extreme events and rising sea levels could increase the occurrence of extreme events. Addressing this research theme will result in an improved understanding of the physical processes during extreme events, leading to improved models of flooding, erosion, and recovery. The resulting societal benefit will be more resilient coastal communities.<br></li><li>The physical, biological and chemical processes impacting human and ecosystem health: Nearshore regions are used for recreation, tourism, and human habitation, and provide habitat and valuable ecosystem services. These areas must be sustained for future generations, however overall coastal water quality is declining due to microbial pathogens, fertilizers, pesticides, and heavy metal contamination, threatening ecosystem and human health. To ensure sustainable nearshore regions, predictive real-time water- and sediment-based based pollutant modeling capabilities must be developed, which requires expanding our knowledge of the physics, chemistry, and biology of the nearshore. The resulting societal benefits will include better beach safety, healthier ecosystems, and improved mitigation and regulatory policies.<br></li></ol></p><p>The scientists and engineers of the U.S. nearshore community are poised to make significant progress on these research themes, which have significant societal impact. The U.S. nearshore community, including academic, government, and industry colleagues, recommends multi-agency investment into a coordinated development of observational and modeling research infrastructure to address these themes, as discussed in&nbsp;the whitepaper. The observational infrastructure should include development of new sensors and methods, focused observational programs, and expanded nearshore observing systems. The modeling infrastructure should include improved process representation, better model coupling, incorporation of data assimilation techniques, and testing of real-time models. The observations will provide test beds to compare and improve models.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Nearshore Processes Community","usgsCitation":"2014, The future of nearshore processes research, 32 p.","productDescription":"32 p.","ipdsId":"IP-063052","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343516,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":343509,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://scripps.ucsd.edu/centers/nearshorefuture/wp-content/uploads/sites/37/2014/12/Future_Nearshore_Processes_Research.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59649235e4b0d1f9f05acd48","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Elko, Nicole A.","contributorId":50960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elko","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704063,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feddersen, Falk","contributorId":194420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feddersen","given":"Falk","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704064,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foster, Diane","contributorId":194421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foster","given":"Diane","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704065,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hapke, Cheryl J. 0000-0002-2753-4075 chapke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-4075","contributorId":2981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"Cheryl","email":"chapke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":704066,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McNinch, Jesse E.","contributorId":93804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNinch","given":"Jesse E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704067,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mulligan, Ryan P.","contributorId":194423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mulligan","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":35723,"text":"Queen's University - Kingston, Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704068,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tuba Ozkan-Haller, H.","contributorId":194424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tuba Ozkan-Haller","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704069,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704070,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Raubenheimer, Britt","contributorId":194340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raubenheimer","given":"Britt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704071,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70170849,"text":"70170849 - 2014 - Fate of injected CO2 in the Wilcox Group, Louisiana, Gulf Coast Basin: Chemical and isotopic tracers of microbial–brine–rock–CO2 interactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-01T12:46:38","indexId":"70170849","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Fate of injected CO<sub>2</sub> in the Wilcox Group, Louisiana, Gulf Coast Basin: Chemical and isotopic tracers of microbial-brine-rock-CO<sub>2</sub> interactions","title":"Fate of injected CO2 in the Wilcox Group, Louisiana, Gulf Coast Basin: Chemical and isotopic tracers of microbial–brine–rock–CO2 interactions","docAbstract":"<p><span>The &ldquo;2800&rsquo; sandstone&rdquo; of the Olla oil field is an oil and gas-producing reservoir in a coal-bearing interval of the Paleocene&ndash;Eocene Wilcox Group in north-central Louisiana, USA. In the 1980s, this producing unit was flooded with CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;in an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) project, leaving &sim;30% of the injected CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;in the 2800&rsquo; sandstone post-injection. This study utilizes isotopic and geochemical tracers from co-produced natural gas, oil and brine to determine the fate of the injected CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, including the possibility of enhanced microbial conversion of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;to CH</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;via methanogenesis. Stable carbon isotopes of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, CH</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;and DIC, together with mol% CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;show that 4 out of 17 wells sampled in the 2800&rsquo; sandstone are still producing injected CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>. The dominant fate of the injected CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>appears to be dissolution in formation fluids and gas-phase trapping. There is some isotopic and geochemical evidence for enhanced microbial methanogenesis in 2 samples; however, the CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;spread unevenly throughout the reservoir, and thus cannot explain the elevated indicators for methanogenesis observed across the entire field. Vertical migration out of the target 2800&rsquo; sandstone reservoir is also apparent in 3 samples located stratigraphically above the target sand. Reservoirs comparable to the 2800&rsquo; sandstone, located along a 90-km transect, were also sampled to investigate regional trends in gas composition, brine chemistry and microbial activity. Microbial methane, likely sourced from biodegradation of organic substrates within the formation, was found in all oil fields sampled, while indicators of methanogenesis (e.g. high alkalinity, &delta;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C-CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;and &delta;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C-DIC values) and oxidation of propane were greatest in the Olla Field, likely due to its more ideal environmental conditions (i.e. suitable range of pH, temperature, salinity, sulfate and iron concentrations).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.09.015","usgsCitation":"Shelton, J., McIntosh, J.C., Warwick, P.D., and Lee Zhi Yi, A., 2014, Fate of injected CO2 in the Wilcox Group, Louisiana, Gulf Coast Basin: Chemical and isotopic tracers of microbial–brine–rock–CO2 interactions: Applied Geochemistry, v. 51, p. 155-169, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.09.015.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"169","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049302","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320987,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.70263671874999,\n              31.019986671412497\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.70263671874999,\n              32.03602003973757\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.658935546875,\n              32.03602003973757\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.658935546875,\n              31.019986671412497\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.70263671874999,\n              31.019986671412497\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"51","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"572c6eaee4b09acee7535b77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shelton, Jenna L. 0000-0002-1377-0675 jlshelton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-0675","contributorId":5025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelton","given":"Jenna L.","email":"jlshelton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":628812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntosh, Jennifer C.","contributorId":139870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntosh","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13301,"text":"Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee Zhi Yi, Amelia","contributorId":169185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee Zhi Yi","given":"Amelia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6651,"text":"Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70187377,"text":"70187377 - 2014 - A comparison of passive and active acoustic sampling for a bat community impacted by White-nose syndrome","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T10:31:47","indexId":"70187377","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of passive and active acoustic sampling for a bat community impacted by White-nose syndrome","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the summers of 2011 and 2012, we compared passive and active acoustic sampling for bats at 31 sites at Fort Drum Military Installation, New York. We defined active sampling as acoustic sampling that occurred in 30-min intervals between the hours of sunset and 0200 with a user present to manipulate the directionality of the microphone. We defined passive sampling as acoustic sampling that occurred over a 12-h period (1900–0700&nbsp;hours) without a user present and with the microphone set in a predetermined direction. We detected seven of the nine possible species at Fort Drum, including the federally endangered Indiana bat </span><i>Myotis sodalis</i><span>, the proposed-for-listing northern bat </span><i>M. septentrionalis</i><span>, the little brown bat </span><i>M. lucifugus</i><span>, and the big brown bat </span><i>Eptesicus fuscus</i><span>, which are impacted by white-nose syndrome (WNS); and the eastern red bat </span><i>Lasiurus borealis</i><span>, the hoary bat </span><i>L. cinereus</i><span>, and the silver-haired bat </span><i>Lasionycteris noctivagans</i><span>, which are not known to be impacted by WNS. We did not detect two additional WNS-impacted species known to historically occur in the area: the eastern small-footed bat </span><i>Myotis leibii</i><span> and the tri-colored bat </span><i>Perimyotis subflavus</i><span>. Single-season occupancy models revealed lower detection probabilities of all detected species using active sampling versus passive sampling. Additionally, overall detection probabilities declined in detected WNS-impacted species between years. A paired </span><i>t</i><span>-test of simultaneous sampling on 21 occasions revealed that overall recorded foraging activity per hour was greater using active than passive sampling for big brown bats and greater using passive than active sampling for little brown bats. There was no significant difference in recorded activity between methods for other WNS-impacted species, presumably because these species have been so reduced in number that their “apparency” on the landscape is lower. Finally, a cost analysis of standard passive and active sampling protocols revealed that passive sampling is substantially more cost-effective than active sampling per hour of data collection. We recommend passive sampling over active sampling methodologies as they are defined in our study for detection probability and/or occupancy studies focused on declining bat species in areas that have experienced severe WNS-associated impacts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Scientific Journals","doi":"10.3996/082013-JFWM-057","usgsCitation":"Coleman, L.S., Ford, W.M., Dobony, C.A., and Britzke, E.R., 2014, A comparison of passive and active acoustic sampling for a bat community impacted by White-nose syndrome: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 5, no. 2, p. 217-226, https://doi.org/10.3996/082013-JFWM-057.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"226","ipdsId":"IP-051164","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/082013-jfwm-057","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340656,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492de4b0fc4e448ffd6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coleman, Laci S.","contributorId":171672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coleman","given":"Laci","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark wford@usgs.gov","contributorId":3858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.","email":"wford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dobony, Christopher A.","contributorId":171455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dobony","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Britzke, Eric R.","contributorId":8327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Britzke","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70168383,"text":"70168383 - 2014 - Assessing and managing freshwater ecosystems vulnerable to global change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T13:05:37","indexId":"70168383","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":698,"text":"Ambio","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing and managing freshwater ecosystems vulnerable to global change","docAbstract":"<p><span>Freshwater ecosystems are important for global biodiversity and provide essential ecosystem services. There is consensus in the scientific literature that freshwater ecosystems are vulnerable to the impacts of environmental change, which may trigger irreversible regime shifts upon which biodiversity and ecosystem services may be lost. There are profound uncertainties regarding the management and assessment of the vulnerability of freshwater ecosystems to environmental change. Quantitative approaches are needed to reduce this uncertainty. We describe available statistical and modeling approaches along with case studies that demonstrate how resilience theory can be applied to aid decision-making in natural resources management. We highlight especially how long-term monitoring efforts combined with ecological theory can provide a novel nexus between ecological impact assessment and management, and the quantification of systemic vulnerability and thus the resilience of ecosystems to environmental change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1007/s13280-014-0566-z","usgsCitation":"Angeler, D., Allen, C.R., Birge, H.E., Drakare, S., McKie, B.G., and Johnson, R.K., 2014, Assessing and managing freshwater ecosystems vulnerable to global change: Ambio, v. 43, no. Supplement 1, p. 113-125, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-014-0566-z.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"125","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059657","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-014-0566-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":317954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Sweden, United States","otherGeospatial":"Florida Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              20.5224609375,\n              69.09993967425089\n            ],\n            [\n              22.060546874999996,\n              68.54431504077692\n            ],\n            [\n              23.4228515625,\n              68.23682270936281\n            ],\n            [\n              23.6865234375,\n              67.87554134672945\n            ],\n            [\n              23.7744140625,\n              67.39059859150743\n            ],\n            [\n              24.08203125,\n              66.73990169639414\n            ],\n            [\n              23.818359375,\n              66.24916310923315\n            ],\n            [\n              24.2578125,\n              65.82078234733756\n            ],\n            [\n              23.1591796875,\n              65.69447579373418\n            ],\n            [\n              22.543945312499996,\n              65.73062649311031\n            ],\n            [\n              21.97265625,\n              65.33017791526855\n            ],\n            [\n              21.4013671875,\n              64.86760781632728\n            ],\n            [\n              21.665039062499996,\n              64.45384948864441\n            ],\n            [\n              21.26953125,\n              64.03374392176401\n            ],\n            [\n              19.3798828125,\n              63.27318217465046\n            ],\n            [\n              18.1494140625,\n              62.512317938386914\n            ],\n            [\n              17.3583984375,\n              61.85614879566797\n            ],\n            [\n              17.3583984375,\n              61.18562468142283\n            ],\n            [\n              17.578125,\n              60.73768583450925\n            ],\n            [\n              18.4130859375,\n              60.56537850464181\n            ],\n            [\n              18.80859375,\n              60.13056361691419\n            ],\n            [\n              19.1162109375,\n              59.7563950493563\n            ],\n            [\n              18.80859375,\n              59.377988012638895\n            ],\n            [\n              18.0615234375,\n              58.81374171570782\n            ],\n            [\n              17.1826171875,\n              58.58543569119917\n            ],\n            [\n              16.875,\n              58.21702494960191\n            ],\n            [\n              16.875,\n              57.53941679447497\n            ],\n            [\n              16.6552734375,\n              56.992882804633986\n            ],\n            [\n              16.1279296875,\n              56.1210604250441\n            ],\n            [\n              15.556640624999998,\n              56.072035471800866\n            ],\n            [\n              14.809570312499998,\n              56.04749958329888\n            ],\n            [\n              14.501953124999998,\n              55.85064987433714\n            ],\n            [\n              14.5458984375,\n              55.47885346331034\n            ],\n            [\n              13.886718749999998,\n              55.30413773740139\n            ],\n            [\n              12.6123046875,\n              55.32914440840507\n            ],\n            [\n              12.6123046875,\n              55.801280971180454\n            ],\n            [\n              12.3046875,\n              56.389583525613055\n            ],\n            [\n              12.568359375,\n              56.68037378950137\n            ],\n            [\n              11.953125,\n              57.350237477396824\n            ],\n            [\n              11.337890625,\n              58.07787626787517\n            ],\n            [\n              11.074218749999998,\n              58.90464570302001\n            ],\n            [\n              11.6015625,\n              58.99531118795094\n            ],\n            [\n              11.8212890625,\n              59.33318942659219\n            ],\n            [\n              11.689453125,\n              59.57885104663186\n            ],\n            [\n              12.568359375,\n              60.34869562531862\n            ],\n            [\n              12.1728515625,\n              61.079544234557304\n            ],\n            [\n              12.65625,\n              61.16443708638275\n            ],\n            [\n              12.7880859375,\n              61.39671887310411\n            ],\n            [\n              12.0849609375,\n              61.71070595883174\n            ],\n            [\n              12.216796875,\n              62.34960927573045\n            ],\n            [\n              12.041015625,\n              62.71446210149774\n            ],\n            [\n              12.041015625,\n              63.05495931065107\n            ],\n            [\n              11.865234375,\n              63.35212928507874\n            ],\n            [\n              12.3486328125,\n              63.918058296491104\n            ],\n            [\n              13.095703125,\n              64.11060221954631\n            ],\n            [\n              13.974609375,\n              64.11060221954631\n            ],\n            [\n              14.0185546875,\n              64.41592147626879\n            ],\n            [\n              13.6669921875,\n              64.60503753178526\n            ],\n            [\n              14.0625,\n              65.10914820386473\n            ],\n            [\n              14.414062499999998,\n              65.58572002329473\n            ],\n            [\n              14.414062499999998,\n              66.17826596326798\n            ],\n            [\n              15.2490234375,\n              66.30220547599842\n            ],\n            [\n              15.556640624999998,\n              66.67038675925365\n            ],\n            [\n              16.34765625,\n              67.22105296735408\n            ],\n            [\n              16.171875,\n              67.55894799883033\n            ],\n            [\n              16.3916015625,\n              67.75939813204413\n            ],\n            [\n              17.1826171875,\n              68.15520923883976\n            ],\n            [\n              17.9296875,\n              68.00757101804004\n            ],\n            [\n              18.0615234375,\n              68.51214331858073\n            ],\n            [\n              18.544921875,\n              68.6245436634471\n            ],\n            [\n              19.5556640625,\n              68.52823492039876\n            ],\n            [\n              19.86328125,\n              68.46379955520322\n            ],\n            [\n              19.951171875,\n              68.56038368664157\n            ],\n            [\n              20.3466796875,\n              68.83180177092166\n            ],\n            [\n              19.9951171875,\n              69.05285807666016\n            ],\n            [\n              20.5224609375,\n              69.09993967425089\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.990966796875,\n              25.095548539604252\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.990966796875,\n              26.54922257769204\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.0189208984375,\n              26.54922257769204\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.0189208984375,\n              25.095548539604252\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.990966796875,\n              25.095548539604252\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"Supplement 1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bdbebfe4b06458514aeebf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birge, Hannah E.","contributorId":166737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birge","given":"Hannah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drakare, Stina","contributorId":166738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drakare","given":"Stina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKie, Brendan G.","contributorId":166739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKie","given":"Brendan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Richard K.","contributorId":21810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70168382,"text":"70168382 - 2014 - Fitness in animals correlates with proximity to discontinuities in body mass distributions.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T14:31:07","indexId":"70168382","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1452,"text":"Ecological Complexity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fitness in animals correlates with proximity to discontinuities in body mass distributions.","docAbstract":"<p><span>Discontinuous structure in landscapes may cause discontinuous, aggregated species body-mass patterns, reflecting the scales of structure available to animal communities within a landscape. Empirical analyses have shown that the location of species within body mass aggregations, which reflect this scale-specific organization, is non-random with regard to several ecological phenomena, including species extinctions. The propensity of declining species to have body masses proximate to discontinuities suggests that transition zones between scaling regimes ultimately decreases the ecological fitness for some species. We test this proposition using vulnerable and unthreatened fish species in Mediterranean streams with differing levels of human impact. We show that the proximity to discontinuities in body mass aggregations (&ldquo;distance-to-edge&rdquo;) of more vs. less fit individuals within vulnerable and unthreatened populations differs. Specifically, regression analysis between the scaled mass index, a proxy of animal fitness, and distance-to-edge reveals negative and positive relationships for vulnerable and unthreatened species, respectively. That is, fitness is higher close to discontinuities in vulnerable populations and toward the center of body mass aggregation groups in unthreatened populations. Our results demonstrate the suitability of the discontinuity framework for scrutinizing non-random patterns of environmental impact in populations. Further exploration of the usefulness of this method across other ecosystems and organism groups is warranted.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecocom.2014.08.001","usgsCitation":"Angeler, D., Allen, C.R., Vila-Gispert, A., and Almeida, D., 2014, Fitness in animals correlates with proximity to discontinuities in body mass distributions.: Ecological Complexity, v. 20, p. 213-218, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecocom.2014.08.001.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"218","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056960","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317955,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bdbec3e4b06458514aeec8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vila-Gispert, Anna","contributorId":166742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vila-Gispert","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Almeida, David","contributorId":166743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Almeida","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70148080,"text":"70148080 - 2014 - The role of citizen science in bird conservation: The Christmas Bird Count and Breeding Bird Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T09:49:06","indexId":"70148080","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":696,"text":"All Bird Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of citizen science in bird conservation: The Christmas Bird Count and Breeding Bird Survey","docAbstract":"<p>Many birders in the United States, Canada, and Mexico are critical participants in bird monitoring and conservation activities. This linkage between recreational birders and avian conservation surveys is not new. It was established long before the internet and long before any fast communication facilitated the connection of birders to scientists. It started because a few key individuals realized that birding with a purpose added a new and important dimension to a recreational activity—and birders loved the idea that they were helping to study and conserve the birds they watch. And they still do today. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"North American Bird Conservation Initiative","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J.R., and Butcher, G.S., 2014, The role of citizen science in bird conservation: The Christmas Bird Count and Breeding Bird Survey: All Bird Bulletin, no. Fall 2014, p. 3-6.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"6","ipdsId":"IP-059169","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328314,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":300515,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nabci-us.org/committee/all-bird-bulletin/"}],"issue":"Fall 2014","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d13a41e4b0571647cf8e35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, John R. jrsauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":138949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butcher, Gregory S.","contributorId":140856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butcher","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6762,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, La Grande, Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70155253,"text":"70155253 - 2014 - Understanding recent eastern Horn of Africa rainfall variability and change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T13:50:22","indexId":"70155253","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding recent eastern Horn of Africa rainfall variability and change","docAbstract":"<p>Observations and sea surface temperature (SST)-forced ECHAM5 simulations are examined to study the seasonal cycle of eastern Africa rainfall and its SST sensitivity during 1979&ndash;2012, focusing on interannual variability and trends. The eastern Horn is drier than the rest of equatorial Africa, with two distinct wet seasons, and whereas the October&ndash;December wet season has become wetter, the March&ndash;May season has become drier.</p>\n<p>The climatological rainfall in simulations driven by observed SSTs captures this bimodal regime. The simulated trends also qualitatively reproduce the opposite-sign changes in the two rainy seasons, suggesting that SST forcing has played an important role in the observed changes. The consistency between the sign of 1979&ndash;2012 trends and interannual SST&ndash;precipitation correlations is exploited to identify the most likely locations of SST forcing of precipitation trends in the model, and conceivably also in nature. Results indicate that the observed March&ndash;May drying since 1979 is due to sensitivity to an increased zonal gradient in SST between Indonesia and the central Pacific. In contrast, the October&ndash;December precipitation increase is mostly due to western Indian Ocean warming.</p>\n<p class=\"last\">The recent upward trend in the October&ndash;December wet season is rather weak, however, and its statistical significance is compromised by strong year-to-year fluctuations. October&ndash;December eastern Horn rain variability is strongly associated with El Ni&ntilde;o&ndash;Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean dipole phenomena on interannual scales, in both model and observations. The interannual October&ndash;December correlation between the ensemble-average and observed Horn rainfall 0.87. By comparison, interannual March&ndash;May Horn precipitation is only weakly constrained by SST anomalies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00714.1","usgsCitation":"Liebmann, B., Hoerling, M.P., Funk, C.C., Blade, I., Dole, R.M., Allured, D., Quan, X., and Eischeid, J.K., 2014, Understanding recent eastern Horn of Africa rainfall variability and change: Journal of Climate, v. 27, p. 8660-8645, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00714.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"8660","endPage":"8645","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056089","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00714.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306510,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Horn of Africa","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              40.166015625,\n              -2.811371193331128\n            ],\n            [\n              42.275390625,\n              -0.7031073524364783\n            ],\n            [\n              48.69140625,\n              5.266007882805511\n            ],\n            [\n              51.064453125,\n              10.487811882056683\n            ],\n            [\n              50.9765625,\n              12.21118019150401\n            ],\n            [\n              49.21875,\n              11.60919340793894\n            ],\n            [\n              46.93359375,\n              11.350796722383684\n            ],\n            [\n              45.17578125,\n              10.746969318460001\n            ],\n            [\n              43.41796875,\n              11.005904459659464\n            ],\n            [\n              43.2421875,\n              12.811801316582619\n            ],\n            [\n              41.8359375,\n              13.923403897723347\n            ],\n            [\n              40.25390625,\n              14.774882506516272\n            ],\n            [\n              36.298828125,\n              14.519780046326085\n            ],\n            [\n              35.77148437499999,\n              12.640338306846802\n            ],\n            [\n              34.80468749999999,\n              11.005904459659464\n            ],\n            [\n              34.1015625,\n              10.31491928581316\n            ],\n            [\n              33.92578125,\n              8.233237111274553\n            ],\n            [\n              33.22265625,\n              7.710991655433229\n            ],\n            [\n              33.486328125,\n              5.9657536710655235\n            ],\n            [\n              34.013671875,\n              2.7235830833483856\n            ],\n            [\n              33.92578125,\n              -1.0546279422758742\n            ],\n            [\n              33.92578125,\n              -2.5479878714713835\n            ],\n            [\n              33.92578125,\n              -4.214943141390639\n            ],\n            [\n              39.19921875,\n              -4.653079918274038\n            ],\n            [\n              40.166015625,\n              -2.811371193331128\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f023e4b0bc0bec09f59a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liebmann, Brant","contributorId":145807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liebmann","given":"Brant","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16238,"text":"NOAA Earth Systems Research Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoerling, Martin P.","contributorId":145817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoerling","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12641,"text":"NOAA NMFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blade, Ileana","contributorId":145806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blade","given":"Ileana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16237,"text":"Institut Catala de Ciencies del Clima","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dole, Randall M.","contributorId":146364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dole","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Allured, Dave","contributorId":146365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allured","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Quan, Xiaowei","contributorId":146366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quan","given":"Xiaowei","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Eischeid, Jon K.","contributorId":70214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eischeid","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70159904,"text":"70159904 - 2014 - Coastal tectonics on the eastern margin of the Pacific Rim: Late Quaternary sea-level history and uplift rates, Channel Islands National Park, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-03T11:58:21","indexId":"70159904","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coastal tectonics on the eastern margin of the Pacific Rim: Late Quaternary sea-level history and uplift rates, Channel Islands National Park, California, USA","docAbstract":"<p>The Pacific Rim is a region where tectonic processes play a significant role in coastal landscape evolution. Coastal California, on the eastern margin of the Pacific Rm, is very active tectonically and geomorphic expressions of this include uplifted marine terraces. There have been, however, conflicting estimates of the rate of late Quaternary uplift of marine terraces in coastal California, particularly for the orthern Channel Islands. In the present study, the terraces on San Miguel Island and Santa Rosa Island were mapped and new age estimates were generated using uranium-series dating of fossil corals and amino acid geochronology of fossil mollusks. Results indicate that the 2nd terrace on both islands is ~120 ka and the 1st terrace on Santa Rosa Island is ~80 ka. These ages correspond to two global high-sea stands of the Last Interglacial complex, marine isotope stages (MIS) 5.5 and 51, respectively. The age estimates indicate that San Miguel Island and Santa Rosa Island have been tectonically uplifted at rates of 0.12e0.20 m/ka in the late Quaternary, similar to uplift rates inferred from previous studies on neighboring San Cruz Island. The newly estimated uplift rates for the northern Channel Islands are, however, an order of magnitude lower than a recent study that generated uplift rates from an offshore terrace dating to the Last Glacial period. The differences between the estimated uplift rates in the present study and the offshore study are explained by the magnitude of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) effects that were not known at the time of the earlier study. Set in the larger context of northeastern Pacific Rim tectonics, Channel Islands uplift rates are higher than those coastal localities on the margin of the East Pacific Rise spreading center, but slightly lower than those of most localities adjacent to the Cascadia subduction zone. The uplift rates reported here for the northern Channel Islands are similar to those reported for most other localities where strike-slip tectonics are dominant, but lower than localities where restraining bends (such as the Big Bend of the San Andreas Fault) result in crustal shortening.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.09.017","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., Simmons, K., Schumann, R.R., Groves, L., DeVogel, S.B., Minor, S.A., and Laurel, D., 2014, Coastal tectonics on the eastern margin of the Pacific Rim: Late Quaternary sea-level history and uplift rates, Channel Islands National Park, California, USA: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 105, p. 209-238, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.09.017.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"238","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055047","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Channel Islands National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.52001953124999,\n              33.865854454071865\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.52001953124999,\n              34.120900139826965\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.28955078124999,\n              34.120900139826965\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.28955078124999,\n              33.865854454071865\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.52001953124999,\n              33.865854454071865\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.07531738281251,\n              33.445193134508465\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.07531738281251,\n              33.50475906922606\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.99291992187499,\n              33.50475906922606\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.99291992187499,\n              33.445193134508465\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.07531738281251,\n              33.445193134508465\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"105","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566175c6e4b06a3ea36c5687","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. dmuhs@usgs.gov","contributorId":140959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel R.","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simmons, Kathleen R. ksimmons@usgs.gov","contributorId":150195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"Kathleen R.","email":"ksimmons@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schumann, R. Randall 0000-0001-8158-6960 rschumann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-6960","contributorId":1569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"R.","email":"rschumann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Groves, Lindsey T.","contributorId":61678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groves","given":"Lindsey T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeVogel, Stephen B.","contributorId":150196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeVogel","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6709,"text":"University of Colorado, Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Minor, Scott A. 0000-0002-6976-9235 sminor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6976-9235","contributorId":765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"Scott","email":"sminor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Laurel, Deanna","contributorId":81350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laurel","given":"Deanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70192528,"text":"70192528 - 2014 - What do we gain from simplicity versus complexity in species distribution models?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T13:28:48","indexId":"70192528","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What do we gain from simplicity versus complexity in species distribution models?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used to explain and predict species ranges and environmental niches. They are most commonly constructed by inferring species' occurrence–environment relationships using statistical and machine-learning methods. The variety of methods that can be used to construct SDMs (e.g. generalized linear/additive models, tree-based models, maximum entropy, etc.), and the variety of ways that such models can be implemented, permits substantial flexibility in SDM complexity. Building models with an appropriate amount of complexity for the study objectives is critical for robust inference. We characterize complexity as the shape of the inferred occurrence–environment relationships and the number of parameters used to describe them, and search for insights into whether additional complexity is informative or superfluous. By building ‘under fit’ models, having insufficient flexibility to describe observed occurrence–environment relationships, we risk misunderstanding the factors shaping species distributions. By building ‘over fit’ models, with excessive flexibility, we risk inadvertently ascribing pattern to noise or building opaque models. However, model selection can be challenging, especially when comparing models constructed under different modeling approaches. Here we argue for a more pragmatic approach: researchers should constrain the complexity of their models based on study objective, attributes of the data, and an understanding of how these interact with the underlying biological processes. We discuss guidelines for balancing under fitting with over fitting and consequently how complexity affects decisions made during model building. Although some generalities are possible, our discussion reflects differences in opinions that favor simpler versus more complex models. We conclude that combining insights from both simple and complex SDM building approaches best advances our knowledge of current and future species ranges.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ecog.00845","usgsCitation":"Merow, C., Smith, M.J., Edwards, T., Guisan, A., McMahon, S.M., Normand, S., Thuiller, W., Wuest, R.O., Zimmermann, N.E., and Elith, J., 2014, What do we gain from simplicity versus complexity in species distribution models?: Ecography, v. 37, no. 12, p. 1267-1281, https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.00845.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1267","endPage":"1281","ipdsId":"IP-055634","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.00845","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ece2e4b09af898c8cd32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merow, Cory","contributorId":198540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merow","given":"Cory","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Matthew J.","contributorId":61701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":191916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guisan, Antoine","contributorId":47943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guisan","given":"Antoine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McMahon, Sean M. 0000-0001-8302-6908","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8302-6908","contributorId":197833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMahon","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Normand, Signe","contributorId":30545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normand","given":"Signe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thuiller, Wilfried","contributorId":38059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thuiller","given":"Wilfried","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wuest, Rafael O.","contributorId":198544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wuest","given":"Rafael","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Zimmermann, Niklaus E.","contributorId":68446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmermann","given":"Niklaus","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Elith, Jane","contributorId":14546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elith","given":"Jane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70135094,"text":"70135094 - 2014 - Geomorphological Fieldwork","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-02T15:49:17","indexId":"70135094","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":13,"text":"Handbook"},"title":"Geomorphological Fieldwork","docAbstract":"<p>Geomorphological Fieldwork addresses a topic that always remains popular within the geosciences and environmental science. More specifically, the volume conveys a growing legacy of field-based learning for young geomorphologists that can be used as a student book for field-based university courses and postgraduate research requiring fieldwork or field schools. The editors have much experience of field-based learning within geomorphology and extend this to physical geography. The topics covered are relevant to basic geomorphology as well as applied approaches in environmental and cultural geomorphology. The book integrates a physical-human approach to geography, but focuses on physical geography and geomorphology from an integrated field-based geoscience perspective.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","collaboration":"None","usgsCitation":"Thornbush, M.J., Allen, C.D., and Fitzpatrick, F., 2014, Geomorphological Fieldwork (1), v. 18, 286 p.","productDescription":"286 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060392","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310964,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296500,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://store.elsevier.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780444634023&_requestid=464841"}],"volume":"18","edition":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56389754e4b0d6133fe72fb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thornbush, Mary J","contributorId":127795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thornbush","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":7157,"text":"University of Birmingham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Casey D","contributorId":127796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Casey","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":7158,"text":"Unversity of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Faith A. 0000-0002-9748-7075 fafitzpa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":127794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Faith A.","email":"fafitzpa@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70187401,"text":"70187401 - 2014 - On the effects of scale for ecosystem services mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T15:56:58","indexId":"70187401","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the effects of scale for ecosystem services mapping","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ecosystems provide life-sustaining services upon which human civilization depends, but their degradation largely continues unabated. Spatially explicit information on ecosystem services (ES) provision is required to better guide decision making, particularly for mountain systems, which are characterized by vertical gradients and isolation with high topographic complexity, making them particularly sensitive to global change. But while spatially explicit ES quantification and valuation allows the identification of areas of abundant or limited supply of and demand for ES, the accuracy and usefulness of the information varies considerably depending on the scale and methods used. Using four case studies from mountainous regions in Europe and the U.S., we quantify information gains and losses when mapping five ES - carbon sequestration, flood regulation, agricultural production, timber harvest, and scenic beauty - at coarse and fine resolution (250 m vs. 25 m in Europe and 300 m vs. 30 m in the U.S.). We analyze the effects of scale on ES estimates and their spatial pattern and show how these effects are related to different ES, terrain structure and model properties. ES estimates differ substantially between the fine and coarse resolution analyses in all case studies and across all services. This scale effect is not equally strong for all ES. We show that spatially explicit information about non-clustered, isolated ES tends to be lost at coarse resolution and against expectation, mainly in less rugged terrain, which calls for finer resolution assessments in such contexts. The effect of terrain ruggedness is also related to model properties such as dependency on land use-land cover data. We close with recommendations for mapping ES to make the resulting maps more comparable, and suggest a four-step approach to address the issue of scale when mapping ES that can deliver information to support ES-based decision making with greater accuracy and reliability.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0112601","usgsCitation":"Gret-Regamey, A., Weibel, B., Bagstad, K.J., Ferrari, M., Geneletti, D., Klug, H., Schirpke, U., and Tappeiner, U., 2014, On the effects of scale for ecosystem services mapping: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 12, e112601; 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112601.","productDescription":"e112601; 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-056762","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112601","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340707,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492ce4b0fc4e448ffd66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gret-Regamey, Adrienne","contributorId":191685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gret-Regamey","given":"Adrienne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weibel, Bettina","contributorId":108378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weibel","given":"Bettina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bagstad, Kenneth J. 0000-0001-8857-5615 kjbagstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8857-5615","contributorId":3680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagstad","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjbagstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferrari, Marika","contributorId":191686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferrari","given":"Marika","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Geneletti, Davide","contributorId":191687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geneletti","given":"Davide","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Klug, Hermann","contributorId":189515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klug","given":"Hermann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schirpke, Uta","contributorId":191688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schirpke","given":"Uta","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tappeiner, Ulrike","contributorId":191689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tappeiner","given":"Ulrike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70186700,"text":"70186700 - 2014 - Mineral resource of the month: Mica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T13:02:46","indexId":"70186700","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1419,"text":"Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral resource of the month: Mica","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"true\"><i><span>The mica mineral group includes 34 phyllosilicate minerals, all with a layered, platy texture. The mineral has been known for millennia: Mica was first mined in India about 4,000 years ago, where it was used primarily in medicines. The Mayans used it for decorative effect in stucco to make their temples sparkle in the sun. Today it is used in everything from electrical products to makeup.</span></i></span><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGI","usgsCitation":"Willett, J.C., 2014, Mineral resource of the month: Mica: Earth, v. December 2014, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-059831","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339440,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339414,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.earthmagazine.org/article/mineral-resource-month-mica"}],"volume":"December 2014","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a545e4b09da6799d63af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willett, Jason C. 0000-0002-7598-3174 jwillett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-3174","contributorId":3516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willett","given":"Jason","email":"jwillett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70187391,"text":"70187391 - 2014 - Mark-resight abundance estimation under incomplete identification of marked individuals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T12:22:50","indexId":"70187391","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mark-resight abundance estimation under incomplete identification of marked individuals","docAbstract":"<ol id=\"mee312140-list-0001\" class=\"o-list--numbered o-list--paragraph\"><li>Often less expensive and less invasive than conventional mark–recapture, so-called 'mark-resight' methods are popular in the estimation of population abundance. These methods are most often applied when a subset of the population of interest is marked (naturally or artificially), and non-invasive sighting data can be simultaneously collected for both marked and unmarked individuals. However, it can often be difficult to identify marked individuals with certainty during resighting surveys, and incomplete identification of marked individuals is potentially a major source of bias in mark-resight abundance estimators. Previously proposed solutions are ad hoc and will tend to underperform unless marked individual identification rates are relatively high (&gt;90%) or individual sighting heterogeneity is negligible.</li><li>Based on a complete data likelihood, we present an approach that properly accounts for uncertainty in marked individual detection histories when incomplete identifications occur. The models allow for individual heterogeneity in detection, sampling with (e.g. Poisson) or without (e.g. Bernoulli) replacement, and an unknown number of marked individuals. Using a custom Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to facilitate Bayesian inference, we demonstrate these models using two example data sets and investigate their properties via simulation experiments.</li><li>We estimate abundance for grassland sparrow populations in Pennsylvania, USA when sampling was conducted with replacement and the number of marked individuals was either known or unknown. To increase marked individual identification probabilities, extensive territory mapping was used to assign incomplete identifications to individuals based on location. Despite marked individual identification probabilities as low as 67% in the absence of this territorial mapping procedure, we generally found little return (or need) for this time-consuming investment when using our proposed approach. We also estimate rookery abundance from Alaskan Steller sea lion counts when sampling was conducted without replacement, the number of marked individuals was unknown, and individual heterogeneity was suspected as non-negligible.</li><li>In terms of estimator performance, our simulation experiments and examples demonstrated advantages of our proposed approach over previous methods, particularly when marked individual identification probabilities are low and individual heterogeneity levels are high. Our methodology can also reduce field effort requirements for marked individual identification, thus, allowing potential investment into additional marking events or resighting surveys.</li></ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/2041-210X.12140","usgsCitation":"McClintock, B.T., Hill, J.M., Fritz, L., Chumbley, K., Luxa, K., and Diefenbach, D.R., 2014, Mark-resight abundance estimation under incomplete identification of marked individuals: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, v. 5, no. 12, p. 1294-1304, https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12140.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1294","endPage":"1304","ipdsId":"IP-045819","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492ce4b0fc4e448ffd68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McClintock, Brett T. 0000-0001-6154-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6154-4376","contributorId":83785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClintock","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12448,"text":"U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":693737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Jason M.","contributorId":191616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fritz, Lowell","contributorId":191659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fritz","given":"Lowell","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chumbley, Kathryn","contributorId":191660,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chumbley","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Luxa, Katie","contributorId":191661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luxa","given":"Katie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147 drd11@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":5235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane","email":"drd11@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70128627,"text":"70128627 - 2014 - Potential reduction in terrestrial salamander ranges associated with Marcellus shale development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-08T14:45:20","indexId":"70128627","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential reduction in terrestrial salamander ranges associated with Marcellus shale development","docAbstract":"<p><span>Natural gas production from the Marcellus shale is rapidly increasing in the northeastern United States. Most of the endemic terrestrial salamander species in the region are classified as &lsquo;globally secure&rsquo; by the IUCN, primarily because much of their ranges include state- and federally protected lands, which have been presumed to be free from habitat loss. However, the proposed and ongoing development of the Marcellus gas resources may result in significant range restrictions for these and other terrestrial forest salamanders. To begin to address the gaps in our knowledge of the direct impacts of shale gas development, we developed occurrence models for five species of terrestrial plethodontid salamanders found largely within the Marcellus shale play. We predicted future Marcellus shale development under several scenarios. Under scenarios of 10,000, 20,000, and 50,000 new gas wells, we predict 4%, 8%, and 20% forest loss, respectively, within the play. Predictions of habitat loss vary among species, but in general,&nbsp;</span><i>Plethodon electromorphus</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>Plethodon</i><i>wehrlei</i><span>&nbsp;are predicted to lose the greatest proportion of forested habitat within their ranges if future Marcellus development is based on characteristics of the shale play. If development is based on current well locations,</span><i>Plethodon</i><i>richmondi</i><span>&nbsp;is predicted to lose the greatest proportion of habitat. Models showed high uncertainty in species&rsquo; ranges and emphasize the need for distribution data collected by widespread and repeated, randomized surveys.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2014.10.008","usgsCitation":"Brand, A.B., Wiewel, A., and Grant, E., 2014, Potential reduction in terrestrial salamander ranges associated with Marcellus shale development: Biological Conservation, v. 180, p. 233-240, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.10.008.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"240","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060365","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324946,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"180","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5780cebde4b08116168223a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brand, Adrianne B. 0000-0003-2664-0041 abrand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2664-0041","contributorId":3352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"Adrianne","email":"abrand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiewel, Amber N. M. awiewel@usgs.gov","contributorId":146573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiewel","given":"Amber N. M.","email":"awiewel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":641978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grant, Evan H. Campbell ehgrant@usgs.gov","contributorId":3696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Evan H. Campbell","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70144590,"text":"70144590 - 2014 - Dynamics and ecological consequences of the 2013−2014 koa moth outbreak at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T12:32:42","indexId":"70144590","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-058","title":"Dynamics and ecological consequences of the 2013−2014 koa moth outbreak at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge.","docAbstract":"<p>A massive outbreak of the koa moth (Geometridea: Scotorythra paludicola) defoliated more than a third of the koa (Acacia koa) forest on Hawai&lsquo;i Island during 2013&minus;2014. This was the largest koa moth outbreak ever recorded and the first on the island since 1953. The outbreak spread to sites distributed widely around the island between 800&minus;2,000 m elevation and in wet rainforest to dry woodland habitats. We monitored the outbreak at two windward forest sites (Laupāhoehoe and Saddle Road Kīpuka) and one leeward forest site (Kona), and we studied the dynamics of the outbreak and its impacts on the forest ecosystem at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, our higher elevation windward site. Study sites at Hakalau included two stands of koa that were planted (reforestation stands) in former cattle pastureland about 20 years earlier and two stands of koa that were dominated by &lsquo;ōhi&lsquo;a (Metrosideros polymorpha) and that were naturally recovering from cattle grazing (forest stands). We observed one outbreak at Hakalau, multiple outbreaks at the two other windward sites, but no outbreak at the leeward site. Caterpillars at Hakalau reached peak estimated abundances of more than 250,000 per tree and 18,000,000 per hectare, and they removed between 64&minus;93% of the koa canopy in managed forest stands. Defoliation was more extensive in naturally recovering forest, where &lsquo;ōhi&lsquo;a dominated and koa was less abundant, compared to the planted stands, where koa density was high. Koa trees were still growing new foliage six months after being defoliated, and leaves were produced in greater proportion to phyllodes, especially by small koa (&le; 8 cm dbh) and by larger trees in forest stands, where light levels may have remained relatively low after defoliation due to the high cover of &lsquo;ōhi&lsquo;a. Small branches of many trees apparently died, and canopy regrowth was absent or low in 9% of koa trees and seedlings, which indicates the likely level of mortality. Between 2,000&minus;5,000 kg/ha of frass fell during the defoliation event, resulting in the deposition of up to 200 kg/ha of highly labile nitrogen on the forest floor in less than two months. The deposition of nitrogen was detected as pulses in resin-available nitrogen in the top 5&minus;10 cm of soil at two of three sites. These sites showed elevated soil nitrogen for about seven months. Nitrogen content of understory plant foliage, which is indicative of nitrogen uptake, suggested weak and variable effects of nitrogen deposition in the soil. Foliar nitrogen increased slightly in alien pasture grasses four months after the deposition of frass, although distinctive increases were not detected in native woody species. Birds responded to the abundance of caterpillars by increasing their activity in koa during the buildup of caterpillars and decreasing their use of koa after defoliation. During the outbreak, caterpillars increased in the diets of the two generalist insectivores we examined, and nearly all species gained weight. Bats responded to the abundance of moths by compression of active foraging into the first three hours of darkness each night after presumably having reached a digestive bottleneck. Reduced foraging activity by bats also resulted in lower indices of detectability based upon acoustic monitoring when compared to non-outbreak years. Parasitoid wasps tracked caterpillar abundance, but the low rate at which they attacked caterpillars suggests that they had little influence on the population. The predatory yellowjacket (Vespula pensylvanica) did not respond to the outbreak. Although a single, protracted outbreak occurred at Hakalau, multiple outbreaks and defoliations occurred at lower elevations. Our results provide a broad foundation for evaluating the dynamics and impacts of future Scotorythra outbreaks.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","usgsCitation":"Banko, P.C., Peck, R.W., Yelenik, S.G., Paxton, E., Bonaccorso, F.J., Montoya-Aiona, K., and Foote, D., 2014, Dynamics and ecological consequences of the 2013−2014 koa moth outbreak at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge.: Technical Report HCSU-058, vi., 82 p.","productDescription":"vi., 82 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061803","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312050,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299175,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hilo.hawaii.edu/hcsu/documents/TR58_Banko_Moth_Outbreak.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Laupāhoehoe Forest Reserve, and at the Kīpuka","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.58563232421875,\n              19.85197734058913\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.5828857421875,\n              19.91138351415555\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.423583984375,\n              19.960441360123426\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.30548095703125,\n              19.85456068070104\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.3302001953125,\n              19.717585810896818\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.48675537109375,\n              19.699485994162497\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.49774169921872,\n              19.727927643457424\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.42083740234375,\n              19.774457602469962\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.3741455078125,\n              19.85456068070104\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.423583984375,\n              19.893305732744697\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.54718017578125,\n              19.864893620513147\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.58563232421875,\n              19.85197734058913\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.36590576171875,\n              19.950114658880615\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.25604248046875,\n              19.87522588708924\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.28350830078125,\n              19.689142322388822\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.203857421875,\n              19.642587534013046\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.15716552734375,\n              19.704657579362323\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.159912109375,\n              19.782211275967995\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.19561767578125,\n              19.86747675028447\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.28076171875,\n              19.950114658880615\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.32745361328125,\n              19.965604457287775\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.36590576171875,\n              19.950114658880615\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.4180908203125,\n              19.497664168139053\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.63507080078125,\n              19.243736176569485\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.61309814453125,\n              19.17111285978146\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.5718994140625,\n              19.158141038187704\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.4071044921875,\n              19.35001948171314\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.34393310546875,\n              19.432924246022402\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.4180908203125,\n              19.497664168139053\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.928955078125,\n              19.570142140282975\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.863037109375,\n              19.230770079948257\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.82183837890625,\n              19.12700450429055\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.7916259765625,\n              19.25929414046391\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.77239990234375,\n              19.381113715771875\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.77239990234375,\n              19.49248592618279\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.82733154296875,\n              19.564966221479995\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.85479736328125,\n              19.596019240312508\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.928955078125,\n              19.570142140282975\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.73944091796875,\n              19.17111285978146\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.72296142578125,\n              19.06471383653978\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.66802978515625,\n              19.072501451715087\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.6817626953125,\n              19.16332988930459\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.73944091796875,\n              19.17111285978146\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56680d47e4b06a3ea36c8e27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banko, Paul C. 0000-0002-6035-9803 pbanko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-9803","contributorId":3179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"Paul","email":"pbanko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peck, Robert W.","contributorId":45629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yelenik, Stephanie G. 0000-0002-9011-0769 syelenik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-0769","contributorId":5251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yelenik","given":"Stephanie","email":"syelenik@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689 epaxton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben H.","email":"epaxton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bonaccorso, Frank J. fbonaccorso@usgs.gov","contributorId":3088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonaccorso","given":"Frank","email":"fbonaccorso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Montoya-Aiona, Kristina 0000-0002-1776-5443 kmontoya-aiona@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1776-5443","contributorId":5899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montoya-Aiona","given":"Kristina","email":"kmontoya-aiona@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Foote, David dfoote@usgs.gov","contributorId":375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foote","given":"David","email":"dfoote@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70176212,"text":"70176212 - 2014 - U.S. Geological Survey unconventional petroleum systems research in south Mississippi: Observations on burial history and thermal maturity in the Cretaceous","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-10T07:01:00","indexId":"70176212","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-30T14:16:59","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5900,"text":"Mississippi Geological Society Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U.S. Geological Survey unconventional petroleum systems research in south Mississippi: Observations on burial history and thermal maturity in the Cretaceous","docAbstract":"<p>Shale hydrocarbon ‘resource’ plays have revolutionized the United States energy mix over&nbsp;the last 5 years. These plays are diverse in lithology and age but share the common feature of&nbsp;occurring in ‘tight’ formations which require hydraulic (hydro-) fracturing for economic flow&nbsp;rates. In general, economic success requires an organic-rich reservoir with a quartz- or carbonate-rich mineralogy that responds to artificial stimulation by fracturing.&nbsp;The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is tasked with estimating the quantity and quality of undiscovered hydrocarbons reservoired in shales. In support of that mission, we began an investigation of unconventional petroleum systems in the southern part of the Mississippi Salt Basin in 2012, building on earlier reconnaissance work that identified this area as potentially&nbsp;prospective for ‘shale’ gas (Enomoto et al., 2012). While our recent studies (Valentine et al.,&nbsp;2014a; Hackley et al., 2014) have suggested poor ‘shale’ gas prospectivity (due to low organic content, low porosity, high clay content, and significant depth), at least for the Aptian section, they also have generated a wealth of new information about thermal maturity in the Cretaceous of south Mississippi. In addition, our work to-date has set the stage for future USGS&nbsp;evaluation of unconventional hydrocarbons reservoired in the Upper Cretaceous Tuscaloosa&nbsp;Marine Shale (TMS). Here, we summarize recent USGS thermal maturity studies in the south&nbsp;Mississippi Salt Basin.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Mississippi Geological Society","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P.C., Valentine, B.J., Enomoto, C.B., and Coleman, J.L., 2014, U.S. Geological Survey unconventional petroleum systems research in south Mississippi: Observations on burial history and thermal maturity in the Cretaceous: Mississippi Geological Society Bulletin, v. 63, no. 3, p. 9-15.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-060831","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370117,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":370116,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.missgeo.com/publications.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Salt Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.29638671875,\n              30.29701788337205\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.35205078124999,\n              30.29701788337205\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.35205078124999,\n              32.45415593941475\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.29638671875,\n              32.45415593941475\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.29638671875,\n              30.29701788337205\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valentine, Brett J. 0000-0002-8678-2431 bvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-2431","contributorId":3846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Brett","email":"bvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Enomoto, Catherine B. 0000-0002-4119-1953 cenomoto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-1953","contributorId":2126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enomoto","given":"Catherine","email":"cenomoto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coleman, James L. jlcoleman@usgs.gov","contributorId":141060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"James","email":"jlcoleman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70189098,"text":"70189098 - 2014 - Spectroscopic remote sensing of plant stress at leaf and canopy levels using the chlorophyll 680 nm absorption feature with continuum removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T14:57:04","indexId":"70189098","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1958,"text":"ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spectroscopic remote sensing of plant stress at leaf and canopy levels using the chlorophyll 680 nm absorption feature with continuum removal","docAbstract":"<p><span>This paper explores the use of spectral feature analysis to detect plant stress in visible/near infrared wavelengths. A time series of close range leaf and canopy reflectance data of two plant species grown in hydrocarbon-contaminated soil was acquired with a portable spectrometer. The ProSpecTIR-VS airborne imaging spectrometer was used to obtain far range hyperspectral remote sensing data over the field experiment. Parameters describing the chlorophyll 680</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>nm absorption feature (depth, width, and area) were derived using continuum removal applied to the spectra. A new index, the Plant Stress Detection Index (PSDI), was calculated using continuum-removed values near the chlorophyll feature centre (680</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>nm) and on the green-edge (560 and 575</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>nm). Chlorophyll feature’s depth, width and area, the PSDI and a narrow-band normalised difference vegetation index were evaluated for their ability to detect stressed plants. The objective was to analyse how the parameters/indices were affected by increasing degrees of plant stress and to examine their utility as plant stress indicators at the remote sensing level (e.g. airborne sensor). For leaf data, PSDI and the chlorophyll feature area revealed the highest percentage (67–70%) of stressed plants. The PSDI also proved to be the best constraint for detecting the stress in hydrocarbon-impacted plants with field canopy spectra and airborne imaging spectroscopy data. This was particularly true using thresholds based on the ASD canopy data and considering the combination of higher percentage of stressed plants detected (across the thresholds) and fewer false-positives.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.08.015","usgsCitation":"Sanches, I.D., Souza Filho, C.R., and Kokaly, R.F., 2014, Spectroscopic remote sensing of plant stress at leaf and canopy levels using the chlorophyll 680 nm absorption feature with continuum removal: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, v. 97, p. 111-122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.08.015.","productDescription":"12 p. ","startPage":"111","endPage":"122","ipdsId":"IP-053450","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343157,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","city":"Paulinia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -47.147483825683594,\n              -22.808465975108554\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.133750915527344,\n              -22.815428289744773\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.12242126464844,\n              -22.808149497806834\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.111091613769524,\n              -22.79833833687238\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.10491180419922,\n              -22.78694384438262\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.098045349121094,\n              -22.76763433680151\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.10456848144531,\n              -22.750221783207994\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.12242126464844,\n              -22.724573799995852\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.139244079589844,\n              -22.709056018423638\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.157440185546875,\n              -22.7087393106849\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.18833923339844,\n              -22.714756632433836\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.22095489501953,\n              -22.72647381558556\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.20996856689453,\n              -22.74673900612644\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.18559265136719,\n              -22.77016688690709\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.147483825683594,\n              -22.808465975108554\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"97","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611bde4b0d1f9f050678e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanches, Ieda Del’Arco","contributorId":193998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanches","given":"Ieda","email":"","middleInitial":"Del’Arco","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Souza Filho, Carlos Roberto de","contributorId":193999,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Souza Filho","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"Roberto de","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kokaly, Raymond F. 0000-0003-0276-7101 raymond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":150717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"Raymond","email":"raymond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":702851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70138205,"text":"70138205 - 2014 - Shale: an overlooked option for US nuclear waste disposal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-18T14:01:24","indexId":"70138205","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3856,"text":"Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shale: an overlooked option for US nuclear waste disposal","docAbstract":"<p>Toss a dart at a map of the United States and, more often than not, it will land where shale can be found underground. A drab, relatively featureless sedimentary rock that historically attracted little interest, shale (as used here, the term includes clay and a range of clay-rich rocks) is entering Americans&rsquo; consciousness as a new source of gas and oil. But shale may also offer something entirely different&mdash;the ability to safely and permanently house high-level nuclear waste.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists","usgsCitation":"Neuzil, C.E., 2014, Shale: an overlooked option for US nuclear waste disposal: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061329","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298724,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297296,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://thebulletin.org/shale-overlooked-option-us-nuclear-waste-disposal7831"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550aa1bee4b02e76d7590c00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neuzil, Christopher E. 0000-0003-2022-4055 ceneuzil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2022-4055","contributorId":2322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neuzil","given":"Christopher","email":"ceneuzil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70160895,"text":"70160895 - 2014 - Characterizing phosphorus dynamics in tile-drained agricultural fieldsof eastern Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-04T14:59:21","indexId":"70160895","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing phosphorus dynamics in tile-drained agricultural fieldsof eastern Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Artificial subsurface drainage provides an avenue for the rapid transfer of phosphorus (P) from agricultural fields to surface waters. This is of particular interest in eastern Wisconsin, where there is a concentrated population of dairy farms and high clay content soils prone to macropore development. Through collaboration with private landowners, surface and tile drainage was measured and analyzed for dissolved reactive P (DRP) and total P (TP) losses at four field sites in eastern Wisconsin between 2005 and 2009. These sites, which received frequent manure applications, represent a range of crop management practices which include: two chisel plowed corn fields (CP1, CP2), a no-till corn&ndash;soybean field (NT), and a grazed pasture (GP). Subsurface drainage was the dominant pathway of water loss at each site accounting for 66&ndash;96% of total water discharge. Average annual flow-weighted (FW) TP concentrations were 0.88, 0.57, 0.21, and 1.32&nbsp;mg&nbsp;L</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&nbsp;for sites CP1, CP2, NT, and GP, respectively. Low TP concentrations at the NT site were due to tile drain interception of groundwater flow where large volumes of tile drainage water diluted the FW-TP concentrations. Subsurface pathways contributed between 17% and 41% of the TP loss across sites. On a drainage event basis, total drainage explained between 36% and 72% of the event DRP loads across CP1, CP2, and GP; there was no relationship between event drainflow and event DRP load at the NT site. Manure applications did not consistently increase P concentrations in drainflow, but annual FW-P concentrations were greater in years receiving manure applications compared to years without manure application. Based on these field measures, P losses from tile drainage must be integrated into field level P budgets and P loss calculations on heavily manured soils, while also acknowledging the unique drainage patterns observed in eastern Wisconsin.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.08.016","collaboration":"University of Wisconsin-Madison; University of Wisconsin-Extension Discovery Farms","usgsCitation":"Madison, A., Ruark, M., Stuntebeck, T.D., Komiskey, M.J., Good, L.W., Drummy, N., and Cooley, E., 2014, Characterizing phosphorus dynamics in tile-drained agricultural fieldsof eastern Wisconsin: Journal of Hydrology, v. 519 A, p. 892-901, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.08.016.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"892","endPage":"901","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055251","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313245,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313242,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169414006143"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.48825073242188,\n              44.48817848394613\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.57545471191406,\n              44.49503597386932\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.56309509277344,\n              44.42544404744875\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.506103515625,\n              44.42054008115568\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.49031066894531,\n              44.48376967178836\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.48825073242188,\n              44.48817848394613\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.55083465576172,\n              43.15084733565114\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.55220794677734,\n              43.062115566057855\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.43788146972655,\n              43.06010884219939\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.4395980834961,\n              43.15235015543291\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.55083465576172,\n              43.15084733565114\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"519 A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568ba5c7e4b0e7594ee77661","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madison, Allison","contributorId":151055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madison","given":"Allison","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":584193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruark, Matthew","contributorId":151056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruark","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":584194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stuntebeck, Todd D. 0000-0002-8405-7295 tdstunte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8405-7295","contributorId":902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuntebeck","given":"Todd","email":"tdstunte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Komiskey, Matthew J. 0000-0003-2962-6974 mjkomisk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2962-6974","contributorId":1776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Komiskey","given":"Matthew","email":"mjkomisk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Good, Laura W.","contributorId":151057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Good","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":584195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Drummy, Nancy","contributorId":151058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drummy","given":"Nancy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18174,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Extension Discovery Farms","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":584196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cooley, Eric","contributorId":151059,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooley","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18174,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Extension Discovery Farms","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":584197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70179125,"text":"70179125 - 2014 - Neoproterozoic–Cambrian stratigraphic framework of the Anti-Atlas and Ouzellagh promontory (High Atlas), Morocco","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-19T10:12:30","indexId":"70179125","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2147,"text":"Journal of African Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neoproterozoic–Cambrian stratigraphic framework of the Anti-Atlas and Ouzellagh promontory (High Atlas), Morocco","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the last two decades, great progress has been made in the geochronological, chrono- and chemostratigraphic control of the Neoproterozoic and Cambrian from the Anti-Atlas Ranges and the Ouzellagh promontory (High Atlas). As a result, the Neoproterozoic is lithostratigraphically subdivided into: (i) the Lkest-Taghdout Group (broadly interpreted at c. 800–690&nbsp;Ma) representative of rift-to-passive margin conditions on the northern West African craton; (ii) the Iriri (c. 760–740&nbsp;Ma), Bou Azzer (c. 762–697&nbsp;Ma) and Saghro (c. 760?–610&nbsp;Ma) groups, the overlying Anezi, Bou Salda, Dadès and Tiddiline formations localized in fault-grabens, and the Ouarzazate Supergroup (c. 615–548&nbsp;Ma), which form a succession of volcanosedimentary complexes recording the onset of the Pan-African orogeny and its aftermath; and (iii) the Taroudant (the Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary lying in the Tifnout Member of the Adoudou Formation), Tata, Feijas Internes and Tabanite groups that have recorded development of the late Ediacaran–Cambrian Atlas Rift. Recent discussions of Moroccan strata to select new global GSSPs by the </span><i>International Subcommissions on Ediacaran and Cambrian Stratigraphy</i><span> have raised the stratigraphic interest in this region. A revised and updated stratigraphic framework is proposed here to assist the tasks of both subcommissions and to fuel future discussions focused on different geological aspects of the Neoproterozoic–Cambrian time span.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Permagon","publisherLocation":"Oxford, UK","doi":"10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.04.026","usgsCitation":"Alvaro, J.J., Benziane, F., Thomas, R., Walsh, G.J., and Yazidi, A., 2014, Neoproterozoic–Cambrian stratigraphic framework of the Anti-Atlas and Ouzellagh promontory (High Atlas), Morocco: Journal of African Earth Sciences, v. 98, p. 19-33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.04.026.","productDescription":"15","startPage":"19","endPage":"33","ipdsId":"IP-054157","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332263,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Morocco","volume":"98","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5859000ae4b03639a6025e33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alvaro, Jose Javier","contributorId":177532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alvaro","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"Javier","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benziane, Fouad","contributorId":177533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benziane","given":"Fouad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, Robert","contributorId":177535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walsh, Gregory J. 0000-0003-4264-8836 gwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4264-8836","contributorId":873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Gregory","email":"gwalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yazidi, Abdelaziz","contributorId":35212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yazidi","given":"Abdelaziz","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
]}