Analysis of a sediment core from Lago Puerto Arturo, a closed basin lake in northern Peten, Guatemala, has provided an ∼8700 cal year record of climate change and human activity in the southern Maya lowlands. Stable isotope, magnetic susceptibility, and pollen analyses were used to reconstruct environmental change in the region. Results indicate a relatively wet early to middle Holocene followed by a drier late Holocene, which we interpret as reflecting long-term changes in insolation (precession). Higher frequency variability is more likely attributable to changes in ocean/atmosphere circulation in both the North Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans. Pollen and isotope data show that most of the period of prehispanic agricultural settlement, i.e. ∼5000–1000 cal yr BP, was characterized by drier conditions than previous or subsequent periods. The presence ofZea (corn) pollen through peak aridity during the Terminal Classic period (∼1250–1130 cal yr BP) suggests that drought may not have had as negative an impact as previously proposed. A dramatic negative shift in isotope values indicates an increase in precipitation after ∼950 cal yr BP (hereafter BP).
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.08.004","usgsCitation":"Wahl, D.B., Byrne, R., and Anderson, L., 2014, An 8700 year paleoclimate reconstruction from the southern Maya lowlands: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 103, p. 19-25, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.08.004.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053384","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321292,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d643be4b07e28b66834a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wahl, David B. 0000-0002-0451-3554 dwahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-3554","contributorId":3433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"David","email":"dwahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byrne, Roger","contributorId":13630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrne","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Lysanna 0000-0001-5650-9744 landerson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5650-9744","contributorId":5339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Lysanna","email":"landerson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70155265,"text":"70155265 - 2014 - La Niña diversity and Northwest Indian Ocean Rim teleconnections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T11:28:00","indexId":"70155265","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1248,"text":"Climate Dynamics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"La Niña diversity and Northwest Indian Ocean Rim teleconnections","docAbstract":"The differences in tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) expressions of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events of the same phase have been linked with different global atmospheric circulation patterns. This study examines the dynamical forcing of precipitation during October–December (OND) and March–May (MAM) over East Africa and during December–March (DJFM) over Central-Southwest Asia for 1950–2010 associated with four tropical Pacific SST patterns characteristic of La Niña events, the cold phase of ENSO. The self-organizing map method along with a statistical distinguishability test was used to isolate La Niña events, and seasonal precipitation forcing was investigated in terms of the tropical overturning circulation and thermodynamic and moisture budgets. Recent La Niña events with strong opposing SST anomalies between the central and western Pacific Ocean (phases 3 and 4), force the strongest global circulation modifications and drought over the Northwest Indian Ocean Rim. Over East Africa during MAM and OND, subsidence is forced by an enhanced tropical overturning circulation and precipitation reductions are exacerbated by increases in moisture flux divergence. Over Central-Southwest Asia during DJFM, the thermodynamic forcing of subsidence is primarily responsible for precipitation reductions, with moisture flux divergence acting as a secondary mechanism to reduce precipitation. Eastern Pacific La Niña events in the absence of west Pacific SST anomalies (phases 1 and 2), are associated with weaker global teleconnections, particularly over the Indian Ocean Rim. The weak regional teleconnections result in statistically insignificant precipitation modifications over East Africa and Central-Southwest Asia.
","language":"English","publisher":"EBSCO Publishing","publisherLocation":"Heidelberg","doi":"10.1007/s00382-014-2083-y","usgsCitation":"Hoell, A., Funk, C.C., and Barlow, M., 2014, La Niña diversity and Northwest Indian Ocean Rim teleconnections: Climate Dynamics, v. 43, no. 9-10, p. 2707-2724, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2083-y.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2707","endPage":"2724","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052606","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306484,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"9-10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f032e4b0bc0bec09f602","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoell, Andrew","contributorId":145803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoell","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barlow, Mathew","contributorId":145834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barlow","given":"Mathew","affiliations":[{"id":16250,"text":"University of Massechusetts, Lowell","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70134902,"text":"70134902 - 2014 - Geological controls on the occurrence of gas hydrate from core, downhole log, and seismic data in the Shenhu area, South China Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-13T16:41:55.117592","indexId":"70134902","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geological controls on the occurrence of gas hydrate from core, downhole log, and seismic data in the Shenhu area, South China Sea","docAbstract":"Multi-channel seismic reflection data, well logs, and recovered sediment cores have been used in this study to characterize the geologic controls on the occurrence of gas hydrate in the Shenhu area of the South China Sea. The concept of the \"gas hydrate petroleum system\" has allowed for the systematic analysis of the impact of gas source, geologic controls on gas migration, and the role of the host sediment in the formation and stability of gas hydrates as encountered during the 2007 Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Gas Hydrate Expedition (GMGS-1) in the Shenhu area. Analysis of seismic and bathymetric data identified seventeen sub-linear, near-parallel submarine canyons in this area. These canyons, formed in the Miocene, migrated in a northeasterly direction, and resulted in the burial and abandonment of canyons partially filled by coarse-grained sediments. Downhole wireline log (DWL) data were acquired from eight drill sites and sediment coring was conducted at five of these sites, which revealed the presence of suitable reservoirs for the occurrence of concentrated gas hydrate accumulations. Gas hydrate-bearing sediment layers were identified from well log and core data at three sites mainly within silt and silt clay sediments. Gas hydrate was also discovered in a sand reservoir at one site as inferred from the analysis of the DWL data. Seismic anomalies attributed to the presence of gas below the base of gas hydrate stability zone, provided direct evidence for the migration of gas into the overlying gas hydrate-bearing sedimentary sections. Geochemical analyses of gas samples collected from cores confirmed that the occurrence of gas hydrate in the Shenhu area is controlled by the presence thermogenic methane gas that has migrated into the gas hydrate stability zone from a more deeply buried source.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2014.09.040","usgsCitation":"Wang, X., Lee, M.W., Collett, T.S., Yang, S., Guo, Y., and Wu, S., 2014, Geological controls on the occurrence of gas hydrate from core, downhole log, and seismic data in the Shenhu area, South China Sea: Marine Geology, v. 357, p. 272-292, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2014.09.040.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"272","endPage":"292","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055596","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296523,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Shenhu area, South China Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 115.1,\n 19.8333\n ],\n [\n 115.2833,\n 19.8333\n ],\n [\n 115.2833,\n 19.9333\n ],\n [\n 115.1,\n 19.9333\n ],\n [\n 115.1,\n 19.8333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"357","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54882b51e4b02acb4f0c8c35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Myung W. mlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"mlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Xiujuan","contributorId":127764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Xiujuan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7142,"text":"Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yang, Shengxiong","contributorId":74306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Shengxiong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guo, Yiqun","contributorId":68659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guo","given":"Yiqun","affiliations":[{"id":34423,"text":"Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wu, Shiguo","contributorId":11126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Shiguo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70132337,"text":"70132337 - 2014 - Guiding out-migrating juvenile sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) with pulsed direct current","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-31T20:54:59.443922","indexId":"70132337","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Guiding out-migrating juvenile sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) with pulsed direct current","title":"Guiding out-migrating juvenile sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) with pulsed direct current","docAbstract":"Non‐physical stimuli can deter or guide fish without affecting water flow or navigation and therefore have been investigated to improve fish passage at anthropogenic barriers and to control movement of invasive fish. Upstream fish migration can be blocked or guided without physical structure by electrifying the water, but directional downstream fish guidance with electricity has received little attention. We tested two non‐uniform pulsed direct current electric systems, each having different electrode orientations (vertical versus horizontal), to determine their ability to guide out‐migrating juvenile sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Both systems guided significantly more juvenile sea lamprey to a specific location in our experimental raceway when activated than when deactivated, but guidance efficiency decreased at the highest water velocities tested. At the electric field setting that effectively guided sea lamprey, rainbow trout were guided by the vertical electrode system, but most were blocked by the horizontal electrode system. Additional research should characterize the response of other species to non‐uniform fields of pulsed DC and develop electrode configurations that guide fish over a range of water velocity. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.2703","usgsCitation":"Johnson, N.S., and Miehls, S.M., 2014, Guiding out-migrating juvenile sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) with pulsed direct current: River Research and Applications, v. 30, no. 9, p. 1146-1156, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2703.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1146","endPage":"1156","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049198","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296064,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5465d632e4b04d4b7dbd65e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miehls, Scott M. 0000-0002-5546-1854 smiehls@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5546-1854","contributorId":5007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miehls","given":"Scott","email":"smiehls@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199595,"text":"70199595 - 2014 - Reply to: Turner, R.E., 2014. Discussion of: Olea, R.A. and Coleman, J.L., Jr., 2014. A synoptic examination of causes of land loss in southern Louisiana as related to the exploitation of subsurface geologic resources, Journal of Coastal Research, 30(5), 1025–1044; Journal of Coastal Research, 30(6), 1330–1334.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-24T11:05:07","indexId":"70199595","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T11:04:57","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to: Turner, R.E., 2014. Discussion of: Olea, R.A. and Coleman, J.L., Jr., 2014. A synoptic examination of causes of land loss in southern Louisiana as related to the exploitation of subsurface geologic resources, Journal of Coastal Research, 30(5), 1025–1044; Journal of Coastal Research, 30(6), 1330–1334.","docAbstract":"To a large extent, geology is a science of solving inverse problems based on some data and scientific principles. Solutions to these types of problems are not unique, especially when using different data, invoking different principles, or both. It is not surprising that the discussant and we have reached different conclusions on the same specific issue of land loss along the coast of Louisiana because we use different observations and view those observations in a different context. The objective of this reply is to orient the reader, who then can decide which approach is more likely to be the correct analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-14A-00004.1","usgsCitation":"Olea, R., and Coleman, J., 2014, Reply to: Turner, R.E., 2014. Discussion of: Olea, R.A. and Coleman, J.L., Jr., 2014. A synoptic examination of causes of land loss in southern Louisiana as related to the exploitation of subsurface geologic resources, Journal of Coastal Research, 30(5), 1025–1044; Journal of Coastal Research, 30(6), 1330–1334.: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 30, no. 6, p. 1335-1337, https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-14A-00004.1.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1335","endPage":"1337","ipdsId":"IP-057121","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2112/jcoastres-d-14a-00004.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":357606,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/43290021.pdf"}],"volume":"30","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc03732e4b0fc368eb53ad1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":47873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":745929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coleman, James L.","contributorId":208106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coleman","given":"James L.","affiliations":[{"id":37715,"text":"Ex-USGS, now retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70135072,"text":"70135072 - 2014 - Wave-driven sediment mobilization on a storm-controlled continental shelf (Northwest Iberia)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-07T18:46:09.71468","indexId":"70135072","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2381,"text":"Journal of Marine Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wave-driven sediment mobilization on a storm-controlled continental shelf (Northwest Iberia)","docAbstract":"Seafloor sediment mobilization on the inner Northwest Iberian continental shelf is caused largely by ocean surface waves. The temporal and spatial variability in the wave height, wave period, and wave direction has a profound effect on local sediment mobilization, leading to distinct sediment mobilization scenarios. Six grain-size specific sediment mobilization scenarios, representing seasonal average and storm conditions, were simulated with a physics-based numerical model. Model inputs included meteorological and oceanographic data in conjunction with seafloor grain-size and the shelf bathymetric data. The results show distinct seasonal variations, most importantly in wave height, leading to sediment mobilization, specifically on the inner shelf shallower than 30 m water depth where up to 49% of the shelf area is mobilized. Medium to severe storm events are modeled to mobilize up to 89% of the shelf area above 150 m water depth. The frequency of each of these seasonal and storm-related sediment mobilization scenarios is addressed using a decade of meteorological and oceanographic data. The temporal and spatial patterns of the modeled sediment mobilization scenarios are discussed in the context of existing geological and environmental processes and conditions to assist scientific, industrial and environmental efforts that are directly affected by sediment mobilization. Examples, where sediment mobilization plays a vital role, include seafloor nutrient advection, recurrent arrival of oil from oil-spill-laden seafloor sediment, and bottom trawling impacts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.07.018","usgsCitation":"Oberle, F., Storlazzi, C., and Hanebuth, T., 2014, Wave-driven sediment mobilization on a storm-controlled continental shelf (Northwest Iberia): Journal of Marine Systems, v. 139, p. 362-372, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.07.018.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"362","endPage":"372","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061568","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296503,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Portugal, Spain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -10.78857421875,\n 40.58058466412761\n ],\n [\n -7.75634765625,\n 40.58058466412761\n ],\n [\n -7.75634765625,\n 43.35713822211053\n ],\n [\n -10.78857421875,\n 43.35713822211053\n ],\n [\n -10.78857421875,\n 40.58058466412761\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"139","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54882b66e4b02acb4f0c8c5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oberle, Ferdinand 0000-0001-8871-3619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8871-3619","contributorId":127792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oberle","given":"Ferdinand","affiliations":[{"id":7156,"text":"MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490 cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":2333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt D.","email":"cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanebuth, Till","contributorId":127793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanebuth","given":"Till","affiliations":[{"id":7156,"text":"MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70136059,"text":"70136059 - 2014 - Reducing risk from lahar hazards: Concepts, case studies, and roles for scientists","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T15:28:39","indexId":"70136059","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3841,"text":"Journal of Applied Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reducing risk from lahar hazards: Concepts, case studies, and roles for scientists","docAbstract":"Lahars are rapid flows of mud-rock slurries that can occur without warning and catastrophically impact areas more than 100 km downstream of source volcanoes. Strategies to mitigate the potential for damage or loss from lahars fall into four basic categories: (1) avoidance of lahar hazards through land-use planning; (2) modification of lahar hazards through engineered protection structures; (3) lahar warning systems to enable evacuations; and (4) effective response to and recovery from lahars when they do occur. Successful application of any of these strategies requires an accurate understanding and assessment of the hazard, an understanding of the applicability and limitations of the strategy, and thorough planning. The human and institutional components leading to successful application can be even more important: engagement of all stakeholders in hazard education and risk-reduction planning; good communication of hazard and risk information among scientists, emergency managers, elected officials, and the at-risk public during crisis and non-crisis periods; sustained response training; and adequate funding for risk-reduction efforts. This paper reviews a number of methods for lahar-hazard risk reduction, examines the limitations and tradeoffs, and provides real-world examples of their application in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and in other volcanic regions of the world. An overriding theme is that lahar-hazard risk reduction cannot be effectively accomplished without the active, impartial involvement of volcano scientists, who are willing to assume educational, interpretive, and advisory roles to work in partnership with elected officials, emergency managers, and vulnerable communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1186/s13617-014-0016-4","usgsCitation":"Pierson, T.C., Wood, N.J., and Driedger, C.L., 2014, Reducing risk from lahar hazards: Concepts, case studies, and roles for scientists: Journal of Applied Volcanology, v. 3, no. 16, p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13617-014-0016-4.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056294","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472661,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13617-014-0016-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297074,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c40e4b08de9379b36e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierson, Thomas C. 0000-0001-9002-4273 tpierson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-4273","contributorId":2498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Thomas","email":"tpierson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, Nathan J. 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":3347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Driedger, Carolyn L. 0000-0002-4011-4112 driedger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4011-4112","contributorId":537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driedger","given":"Carolyn","email":"driedger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70137561,"text":"70137561 - 2014 - Diverse coral communities in mangrove habitats suggest a novel refuge from climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T13:56:32","indexId":"70137561","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diverse coral communities in mangrove habitats suggest a novel refuge from climate change","docAbstract":"Risk analyses indicate that more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by climate change and local anthropogenic impacts by the year 2030 under \"business-as-usual\" climate scenarios. Increasing temperatures and solar radiation cause coral bleaching that has resulted in extensive coral mortality. Increasing carbon dioxide reduces seawater pH, slows coral growth, and may cause loss of reef structure. Management strategies include establishment of marine protected areas with environmental conditions that promote reef resiliency. However, few resilient reefs have been identified, and resiliency factors are poorly defined.
\nHere we characterize the first natural, non-reef coral refuge from thermal stress and ocean acidification and identify resiliency factors for mangrove–coral habitats. We measured diurnal and seasonal variations in temperature, salinity, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and seawater chemistry; characterized substrate parameters; and examined water circulation patterns in mangrove communities where scleractinian corals are growing attached to and under mangrove prop roots in Hurricane Hole, St. John, US Virgin Islands. Additionally, we inventoried the coral species and quantified incidences of coral bleaching, mortality, and recovery for two major reef-building corals, Colpophyllia natans and Diploria labyrinthiformis, growing in mangrove-shaded and exposed (unshaded) areas.
\nOver 30 species of scleractinian corals were growing in association with mangroves. Corals were thriving in low-light (more than 70% attenuation of incident PAR) from mangrove shading and at higher temperatures than nearby reef tract corals. A higher percentage of C. natans colonies were living shaded by mangroves, and no shaded colonies were bleached. Fewer D. labyrinthiformis colonies were shaded by mangroves, however more unshaded colonies were bleached. A combination of substrate and habitat heterogeneity, proximity of different habitat types, hydrographic conditions, and biological influences on seawater chemistry generate chemical conditions that buffer against ocean acidification. This previously undocumented refuge for corals provides evidence for adaptation of coastal organisms and ecosystem transition due to recent climate change. Identifying and protecting other natural, non-reef coral refuges is critical for sustaining corals and other reef species into the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/bg-11-4321-2014","usgsCitation":"Yates, K.K., Rogers, C.S., Herlan, J.J., Brooks, G., Smiley, N., and Larson, R.A., 2014, Diverse coral communities in mangrove habitats suggest a novel refuge from climate change: Biogeosciences, v. 11, p. 4321-4337, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4321-2014.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"4321","endPage":"4337","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053538","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472665,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4321-2014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297109,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b7fe4b08de9379b33b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yates, Kimberly K. 0000-0001-8764-0358 kyates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8764-0358","contributorId":420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"Kimberly","email":"kyates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, Caroline S. 0000-0001-9056-6961 caroline_rogers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9056-6961","contributorId":3126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"Caroline","email":"caroline_rogers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herlan, James J. jherlan@usgs.gov","contributorId":4768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herlan","given":"James","email":"jherlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brooks, Gregg R.","contributorId":95112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"Gregg R.","affiliations":[{"id":7149,"text":"College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smiley, Nathan A. 0000-0002-5190-6860 nsmiley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5190-6860","contributorId":3907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smiley","given":"Nathan A.","email":"nsmiley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larson, Rebekka A.","contributorId":24890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larson","given":"Rebekka","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70117161,"text":"70117161 - 2014 - The fungus Trichophyton redellii sp. nov. causes skin infections that resemble white-nose syndrome of hibernating bats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:35:43","indexId":"70117161","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The fungus Trichophyton redellii sp. nov. causes skin infections that resemble white-nose syndrome of hibernating bats","title":"The fungus Trichophyton redellii sp. nov. causes skin infections that resemble white-nose syndrome of hibernating bats","docAbstract":"Before the discovery of white-nose syndrome (WNS), a fungal disease caused by Pseudogymnoascus destructans, there were no reports of fungal skin infections in bats during hibernation. In 2011, bats with grossly visible fungal skin infections similar in appearance to WNS were reported from multiple sites in Wisconsin, USA, a state outside the known range of P. destructans and WNS at that time. Tape impressions or swab samples were collected from affected areas of skin from bats with these fungal infections in 2012 and analyzed by microscopy, culture, or direct DNA amplification and sequencing of the fungal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS). A psychrophilic species ofTrichophyton was isolated in culture, detected by direct DNA amplification and sequencing, and observed on tape impressions. Deoxyribonucleic acid indicative of the same fungus was also detected on three of five bat carcasses collected in 2011 and 2012 from Wisconsin, Indiana, and Texas, USA. Superficial fungal skin infections caused by Trichophyton sp. were observed in histopathology for all three bats. Sequencing of the ITS of Trichophyton sp., along with its inability to grow at 25 C, indicated that it represented a previously unknown species, described herein as Trichophyton redellii sp. nov. Genetic diversity present within T. redellii suggests it is native to North America but that it had been overlooked before enhanced efforts to study fungi associated with bats in response to the emergence of WNS.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2014-05-134","usgsCitation":"Lorch, J.M., Minnis, A.M., Meteyer, C.U., Redell, J.A., White, J.P., Kaarakka, H.M., Muller, L.K., Lindner, D.L., Verant, M.L., Shearn-Bochsler, V.I., and Blehert, D., 2014, The fungus Trichophyton redellii sp. nov. causes skin infections that resemble white-nose syndrome of hibernating bats: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 51, no. 1, p. 36-47, https://doi.org/10.7589/2014-05-134.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"47","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053086","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472673,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/2014-05-134","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296802,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c6ce4b08de9379b37d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorch, Jeffrey M. 0000-0003-2239-1252 jlorch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-1252","contributorId":5565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorch","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlorch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minnis, Andrew M.","contributorId":10273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Minnis","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meteyer, Carol U. 0000-0002-4007-3410 cmeteyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-3410","contributorId":111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meteyer","given":"Carol","email":"cmeteyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Redell, Jennifer A.","contributorId":117266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Redell","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":519081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"White, J. Paul","contributorId":118346,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":519082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kaarakka, Heather M.","contributorId":120892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaarakka","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":519083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Muller, Laura K.","contributorId":81739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muller","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lindner, David L.","contributorId":115500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindner","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Verant, Michelle L. mverant@usgs.gov","contributorId":5566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verant","given":"Michelle","email":"mverant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie I. 0000-0002-5590-6518 vbochsler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-6518","contributorId":3234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shearn-Bochsler","given":"Valerie","email":"vbochsler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Blehert, David S. 0000-0002-1065-9760 dblehert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-9760","contributorId":1816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blehert","given":"David S.","email":"dblehert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70135356,"text":"70135356 - 2014 - Beyond reducing fire hazard: fuel treatment impacts on overstory tree survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-12T14:10:13","indexId":"70135356","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beyond reducing fire hazard: fuel treatment impacts on overstory tree survival","docAbstract":"Fuel treatment implementation in dry forest types throughout the western United States is likely to increase in pace and scale in response to increasing incidence of large wildfires. While it is clear that properly implemented fuel treatments are effective at reducing hazardous fire potential, there are ancillary ecological effects that can impact forest resilience either positively or negatively depending on the specific elements examined, as well as treatment type, timing, and intensity. In this study, we use overstory tree growth responses, measured seven years after the most common fuel treatments, to estimate forest health. Across the five species analyzed, observed mortality and future vulnerability were consistently low in the mechanical-only treatment. Fire-only was similar to the control for all species except Douglas-fir, while mechanical-plus-fire had high observed mortality and future vulnerability for white fir and sugar pine. Given that overstory trees largely dictate the function of forests and services they provide (e.g., wildlife habitat, carbon sequestration, soil stability) these results have implications for understanding longer-term impacts of common fuel treatments on forest resilience.
The increasing food and water demands of East Africa's growing population are stressing the region's inconsistent water resources and rain-fed agriculture. More accurate seasonal agricultural drought forecasts for this region can inform better water and agricultural management decisions, support optimal allocation of the region's water resources, and mitigate socio-economic losses incurred by droughts and floods. Here we describe the development and implementation of a seasonal agricultural drought forecast system for East Africa (EA) that provides decision support for the Famine Early Warning Systems Network's science team. We evaluate this forecast system for a region of equatorial EA (2° S to 8° N, and 36° to 46° E) for the March-April-May growing season. This domain encompasses one of the most food insecure, climatically variable and socio-economically vulnerable regions in EA, and potentially the world: this region has experienced famine as recently as 2011.
To assess the agricultural outlook for the upcoming season our forecast system simulates soil moisture (SM) scenarios using the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrologic model forced with climate scenarios for the upcoming season. First, to show that the VIC model is appropriate for this application we forced the model with high quality atmospheric observations and found that the resulting SM values were consistent with the Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO's) Water Requirement Satisfaction Index (WRSI), an index used by FEWS NET to estimate crop yields. Next we tested our forecasting system with hindcast runs (1993–2012). We found that initializing SM forecasts with start-of-season (5 March) SM conditions resulted in useful SM forecast skill (> 0.5 correlation) at 1-month, and in some cases at 3 month lead times. Similarly, when the forecast was initialized with mid-season (i.e. 5 April) SM conditions the skill until the end-of-season improved. This shows that early-season rainfall is critical for end-of-season outcomes. Finally we show that, in terms of forecasting spatial patterns of SM anomalies, the skill of this agricultural drought forecast system is generally greater (> 0.8 correlation) during drought years. This means that this system might be particularity useful for identifying the events that present the greatest risk to the region.
Urban stormwater runoff remains an important issue that causes local and regional-scale water quantity and quality issues. Stormwater best management practices (BMPs) have been widely used to mitigate runoff issues, traditionally in a centralized manner; however, problems associated with urban hydrology have remained. An emerging trend is implementation of BMPs in a distributed manner (multi-BMP treatment trains located on the landscape and integrated with urban design), but little catchment-scale performance of these systems have been reported to date. Here, stream hydrologic data (March, 2011–September, 2012) are evaluated in four catchments located in the Chesapeake Bay watershed: one utilizing distributed stormwater BMPs, two utilizing centralized stormwater BMPs, and a forested catchment serving as a reference. Among urban catchments with similar land cover, geology and BMP design standards (i.e. 100-year event), but contrasting placement of stormwater BMPs, distributed BMPs resulted in: significantly greater estimated baseflow, a higher minimum precipitation threshold for stream response and maximum discharge increases, better maximum discharge control for small precipitation events, and reduced runoff volume during an extreme (1000-year) precipitation event compared to centralized BMPs. For all catchments, greater forest land cover and less impervious cover appeared to be more important drivers than stormwater BMP spatial pattern, and caused lower total, stormflow, and baseflow runoff volume; lower maximum discharge during typical precipitation events; and lower runoff volume during an extreme precipitation event. Analysis of hydrologic field data in this study suggests that both the spatial distribution of stormwater BMPs and land cover are important for management of urban stormwater runoff. In particular, catchment-wide application of distributed BMPs improved stream hydrology compared to centralized BMPs, but not enough to fully replicate forested catchment stream hydrology. Integrated planning of stormwater management, protected riparian buffers and forest land cover with suburban development in the distributed-BMP catchment enabled multi-purpose use of land that provided esthetic value and green-space, community gathering points, and wildlife habitat in addition to hydrologic stormwater treatment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.007","usgsCitation":"Loperfido, J.V., Noe, G., Jarnagin, S.T., and Hogan, D.M., 2014, Effects of distributed and centralized stormwater best management practices and land cover on urban stream hydrology at the catchment scale: Journal of Hydrology, v. 519, no. Part C, p. 2584-2595, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.007.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2584","endPage":"2595","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038949","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296947,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"519","issue":"Part C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b89e4b08de9379b33e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loperfido, John V. jloperfido@usgs.gov","contributorId":4324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loperfido","given":"John","email":"jloperfido@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noe, Gregory B. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":2332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jarnagin, S. Taylor","contributorId":131134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarnagin","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Taylor","affiliations":[{"id":7258,"text":"Landscape Ecology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hogan, Dianna M. 0000-0003-1492-4514 dhogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-4514","contributorId":2299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"Dianna","email":"dhogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70134754,"text":"70134754 - 2014 - Energy demands for maintenance, growth, pregnancy, and lactation of female Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-16T17:45:00","indexId":"70134754","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3075,"text":"Physiological and Biochemical Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Energy demands for maintenance, growth, pregnancy, and lactation of female Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens)","docAbstract":"Decreases in sea ice have altered habitat use and activity patterns of female Pacific walruses Odobenus rosmarus divergens and could affect their energetic demands, reproductive success, and population status. However, a lack of physiological data from walruses has hampered efforts to develop the bioenergetics models required for fully understanding potential population-level impacts. We analyzed long-term longitudinal data sets of caloric consumption and body mass from nine female Pacific walruses housed at six aquaria using a hierarchical Bayesian approach to quantify relative energetic demands for maintenance, growth, pregnancy, and lactation. By examining body mass fluctuations in response to food consumption, the model explicitly uncoupled caloric demand from caloric intake. This is important for pinnipeds because they sequester and deplete large quantities of lipids throughout their lifetimes. Model outputs were scaled to account for activity levels typical of free-ranging Pacific walruses, averaging 83% of the time active in water and 17% of the time hauled-out resting. Estimated caloric requirements ranged from 26,900 kcal d−1 for 2-yr-olds to 93,370 kcal d−1 for simultaneously lactating and pregnant walruses. Daily consumption requirements were higher for pregnancy than lactation, reflecting energetic demands of increasing body size and lipid deposition during pregnancy. Although walruses forage during lactation, fat sequestered during pregnancy sustained 27% of caloric requirements during the first month of lactation, suggesting that walruses use a mixed strategy of capital and income breeding. Ultimately, this model will aid in our understanding of the energetic and population consequences of sea ice loss.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/678237","usgsCitation":"Noren, S.R., Udevitz, M.S., and Jay, C.V., 2014, Energy demands for maintenance, growth, pregnancy, and lactation of female Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens): Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, v. 87, no. 6, p. 837-854, https://doi.org/10.1086/678237.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"837","endPage":"854","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049042","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296465,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5482e545e4b0aa6d77853002","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noren, Shawn R.","contributorId":127697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noren","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70156364,"text":"70156364 - 2014 - A systematic approach towards the identification and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T10:42:44","indexId":"70156364","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3916,"text":"Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A systematic approach towards the identification and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems","docAbstract":"The United Nations General Assembly in 2006 and 2009 adopted resolutions that call for the identification and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs) from significant adverse impacts of bottom fishing. While general criteria have been produced, there are no guidelines or protocols that elaborate on the process from initial identification through to the protection of VMEs. Here, based upon an expert review of existing practices, a 10-step framework is proposed: (1) Comparatively assess potential VME indicator taxa and habitats in a region; (2) determine VME thresholds; (3) consider areas already known for their ecological importance; (4) compile information on the distributions of likely VME taxa and habitats, as well as related environmental data; (5) develop predictive distribution models for VME indicator taxa and habitats; (6) compile known or likely fishing impacts; (7) produce a predicted VME naturalness distribution (areas of low cumulative impacts); (8) identify areas of higher value to user groups; (9) conduct management strategy evaluations to produce trade-off scenarios; (10) review and re-iterate, until spatial management scenarios are developed that fulfil international obligations and regional conservation and management objectives. To date, regional progress has been piecemeal and incremental. The proposed 10-step framework combines these various experiences into a systematic approach.
","language":"English","publisher":"ScienceDirect","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2013.11.017","usgsCitation":"Ardron, J.A., Clark, M.R., Penney, A.J., Hourigan, T.F., Rowden, A.A., Dunstan, P.K., Watling, L., Shank, T., Tracey, D.M., Dunn, M.R., and Parker, S.J., 2014, A systematic approach towards the identification and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems: Marine Science, v. 49, p. 146-154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2013.11.017.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"154","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":472672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/6371","text":"External Repository"},{"id":308183,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92ade4b05d6c4e501a48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ardron, Jeff A.","contributorId":146751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ardron","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Malcolm R.","contributorId":146752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"Malcolm","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Penney, Andrew J.","contributorId":146753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Penney","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hourigan, Thomas F.","contributorId":146754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hourigan","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rowden, Ashley A.","contributorId":146755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rowden","given":"Ashley","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dunstan, Piers K.","contributorId":146756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunstan","given":"Piers","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Watling, Les","contributorId":54755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watling","given":"Les","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16143,"text":"University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Shank, Timothy M.","contributorId":100722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shank","given":"Timothy M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tracey, Di M.","contributorId":146757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tracey","given":"Di","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Dunn, Matthew R.","contributorId":146758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunn","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Parker, Steven J.","contributorId":68904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70146957,"text":"70146957 - 2014 - Technical Note: Linking climate change and downed woody debris decomposition across forests of the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-24T10:45:15","indexId":"70146957","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Technical Note: Linking climate change and downed woody debris decomposition across forests of the eastern United States","docAbstract":"Forest ecosystems play a critical role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Forest carbon (C) is stored through photosynthesis and released via decomposition and combustion. Relative to C fixation in biomass, much less is known about C depletion through decomposition of woody debris, particularly under a changing climate. It is assumed that the increased temperatures and longer growing seasons associated with projected climate change will increase the decomposition rates (i.e., more rapid C cycling) of downed woody debris (DWD); however, the magnitude of this increase has not been previously addressed. Using DWD measurements collected from a national forest inventory of the eastern United States, we show that the residence time of DWD may decrease (i.e., more rapid decomposition) by as much as 13% over the next 200 years, depending on various future climate change scenarios and forest types. Although existing dynamic global vegetation models account for the decomposition process, they typically do not include the effect of a changing climate on DWD decomposition rates. We expect that an increased understanding of decomposition rates, as presented in this current work, will be needed to adequately quantify the fate of woody detritus in future forests. Furthermore, we hope these results will lead to improved models that incorporate climate change scenarios for depicting future dead wood dynamics in addition to a traditional emphasis on live-tree demographics.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/bg-11-6417-2014","usgsCitation":"Russell, M.B., Woodall, C.W., D’Amato, A.W., Fraver, S., and Bradford, J.B., 2014, Technical Note: Linking climate change and downed woody debris decomposition across forests of the eastern United States: Biogeosciences, v. 11, p. 6417-6425, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6417-2014.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"6417","endPage":"6425","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056891","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6417-2014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 49.61070993807422\n ],\n [\n -66.796875,\n 49.61070993807422\n ],\n [\n -66.796875,\n 28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 28.613459424004414\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"553b6960e4b0a658d79371d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell, Matthew B.","contributorId":140407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":13478,"text":"Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota (Correspondence to: russellm@umn.edu)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodall, Christopher W.","contributorId":53696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodall","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7264,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Beltsville, MD 20705","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"D’Amato, Anthony W.","contributorId":28140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Amato","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6735,"text":"University of Vermont, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13478,"text":"Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota (Correspondence to: russellm@umn.edu)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fraver, Shawn","contributorId":91379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraver","given":"Shawn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155223,"text":"70155223 - 2014 - Costs and benefits of group living with disease: a case study of pneumonia in bighorn lambs (Ovis canadensis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-19T10:10:42","indexId":"70155223","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3173,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Costs and benefits of group living with disease: a case study of pneumonia in bighorn lambs (Ovis canadensis)","docAbstract":"Group living facilitates pathogen transmission among social hosts, yet temporally stable host social organizations can actually limit transmission of some pathogens. When there are few between-subpopulation contacts for the duration of a disease event, transmission becomes localized to subpopulations. The number of per capita infectious contacts approaches the subpopulation size as pathogen infectiousness increases. Here, we illustrate that this is the case during epidemics of highly infectious pneumonia in bighorn lambs (Ovis canadensis). We classified individually marked bighorn ewes into disjoint seasonal subpopulations, and decomposed the variance in lamb survival to weaning into components associated with individual ewes, subpopulations, populations and years. During epidemics, lamb survival varied substantially more between ewe-subpopulations than across populations or years, suggesting localized pathogen transmission. This pattern of lamb survival was not observed during years when disease was absent. Additionally, group sizes in ewe-subpopulations were independent of population size, but the number of ewe-subpopulations increased with population size. Consequently, although one might reasonably assume that force of infection for this highly communicable disease scales with population size, in fact, host social behaviour modulates transmission such that disease is frequency-dependent within populations, and some groups remain protected during epidemic events.
","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2014.2331","usgsCitation":"Manlove, K.R., Cassirer, E.F., Cross, P.C., Plowright, R., and Hudson, P., 2014, Costs and benefits of group living with disease: a case study of pneumonia in bighorn lambs (Ovis canadensis): Proceedings of the Royal Society B, v. 281, no. 1797, art20142331, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.2331.","productDescription":"art20142331","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058080","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.2331","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306916,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"281","issue":"1797","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d5a8ade4b0518e3546a4b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manlove, Kezia R.","contributorId":74651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manlove","given":"Kezia","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cassirer, E. Frances","contributorId":23404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cassirer","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Frances","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Plowright, Raina K.","contributorId":23038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plowright","given":"Raina K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hudson, Peter J.","contributorId":85056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70139727,"text":"70139727 - 2014 - Last interglacial plant macrofossils and climates from Ziegler Reservoir, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-30T16:37:02","indexId":"70139727","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Last interglacial plant macrofossils and climates from Ziegler Reservoir, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Ninety plant macrofossil taxa from the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site near Snowmass Village, Colorado, record environmental changes at high elevation (2705 m asl) in the Rocky Mountains during the Last Interglacial Period. Present-day vegetation is aspen forest (Populus tremuloides) intermixed with species of higher (Picea, Abies) and lower (Artemisia, Quercus) elevations. Stratigraphic units 4–13 contain montane forest taxa found near the site today and several species that today generally live at lower elevations within (Abies concolor, Lycopus americanus) and outside Colorado (Najas flexilis). These data suggest near-modern climatic conditions, with slightly warmer summer and winter temperatures. This montane forest period was succeeded by a shorter treeless interval (Unit 14) representing colder and/or drier conditions. In units 15–16, conifer trees reoccur but deciduous and herb taxa are lacking, suggesting a return to warmer conditions, although cooler than during the earlier forest period. Comparison of these inferred paleoclimatic changes with the site's geochronologic framework indicates that the lower interval of sustained warmth correlates with late MIS 6–early 5b (~ 138–94 ka), the cold interval with MIS 5b (~ 94–87 ka), and the uppermost cool assemblages with MIS 5a (~ 87–77 ka).
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.008","usgsCitation":"Strickland, L.E., Baker, R.G., Thompson, R.S., and Miller, D.M., 2014, Last interglacial plant macrofossils and climates from Ziegler Reservoir, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA: Quaternary Research, v. 82, no. 3, p. 553-566, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.008.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"553","endPage":"566","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054428","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Snowmass Village","otherGeospatial":"Ziegler Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.98529243469238,\n 39.19467992738667\n ],\n [\n -106.98529243469238,\n 39.22447414445149\n ],\n [\n -106.94160461425781,\n 39.22447414445149\n ],\n [\n -106.94160461425781,\n 39.19467992738667\n ],\n [\n -106.98529243469238,\n 39.19467992738667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bdfe4b08de9379b3538","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strickland, Laura E. 0000-0002-1958-7273 lstrickland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1958-7273","contributorId":4682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strickland","given":"Laura","email":"lstrickland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Richard G.","contributorId":38042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Robert S. 0000-0001-9287-2954 rthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-2954","contributorId":891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Robert","email":"rthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Dane M.","contributorId":127416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Dane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7098,"text":"University of Wyoming, Department of Botany, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70133599,"text":"70133599 - 2014 - Feeding habits of an endemic fish, Oxygymnocypris stewartii, in the Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-11-18T10:26:37","indexId":"70133599","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feeding habits of an endemic fish, Oxygymnocypris stewartii, in the Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet, China","docAbstract":"Feeding habits of Oxygymnocypris stewartii were investigated based on monthly sampling in the Yarlung Zangbo River from August 2008 to August 2009. The gut contents of 194 individuals were analysed and quantified with numerical and gravimetric methods. This species can be considered a generalized and opportunistic predator feeding both on teleosts and aquatic insects. A multivariate analysis revealed noticeable variation in O. stewartii diet composition with fish size and season. The smaller specimens fed primarily on Cobitidae and Hydropsychidae. As they grew, Cyprinidae and Chironomidae larvae became important prey. The preferred food items were teleosts in summer and autumn. For winter and spring, the predominant prey switched to chironomidae larvae. Diet composition did not significantly vary between the sexes. Finally, a significant and positive correlation between predator and prey length was found. These findings provide the fundamental information better understanding the role of this important endemic species in the Yarlung Zangbo River food web.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10641-013-0213-8","usgsCitation":"Huo, B., Xie, C.X., Madenjian, C.P., Ma, B.S., Yang, X.F., and Huang, H.P., 2014, Feeding habits of an endemic fish, Oxygymnocypris stewartii, in the Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet, China: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 97, no. 11, p. 1279-1293, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-013-0213-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1279","endPage":"1293","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051541","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296145,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","state":"Tibet","otherGeospatial":"Yarlung Zangbo River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 84.30908203125,\n 27.916766641249065\n ],\n [\n 84.30908203125,\n 30.240086360983426\n ],\n [\n 95.09765625,\n 30.240086360983426\n ],\n [\n 95.09765625,\n 27.916766641249065\n ],\n [\n 84.30908203125,\n 27.916766641249065\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546c760ae4b0f4a3478a6127","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huo, Bin","contributorId":127463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huo","given":"Bin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6955,"text":"College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xie, Cong Xin","contributorId":127464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xie","given":"Cong","email":"","middleInitial":"Xin","affiliations":[{"id":6955,"text":"College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ma, Bao Shan","contributorId":127465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Bao","email":"","middleInitial":"Shan","affiliations":[{"id":6955,"text":"College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yang, Xue Feng","contributorId":127466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Xue","email":"","middleInitial":"Feng","affiliations":[{"id":6955,"text":"College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Huang, Hai Ping","contributorId":127467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Hai","email":"","middleInitial":"Ping","affiliations":[{"id":6955,"text":"College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70136277,"text":"70136277 - 2014 - Does lake size matter? Combining morphology and process modeling to examine the contribution of lake classes to population-scale processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-19T09:14:55","indexId":"70136277","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1999,"text":"Inland Waters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does lake size matter? Combining morphology and process modeling to examine the contribution of lake classes to population-scale processes","docAbstract":"With lake abundances in the thousands to millions, creating an intuitive understanding of the distribution of morphology and processes in lakes is challenging. To improve researchers’ understanding of large-scale lake processes, we developed a parsimonious mathematical model based on the Pareto distribution to describe the distribution of lake morphology (area, perimeter and volume). While debate continues over which mathematical representation best fits any one distribution of lake morphometric characteristics, we recognize the need for a simple, flexible model to advance understanding of how the interaction between morphometry and function dictates scaling across large populations of lakes. These models make clear the relative contribution of lakes to the total amount of lake surface area, volume, and perimeter. They also highlight the critical thresholds at which total perimeter, area and volume would be evenly distributed across lake size-classes have Pareto slopes of 0.63, 1 and 1.12, respectively. These models of morphology can be used in combination with models of process to create overarching “lake population” level models of process. To illustrate this potential, we combine the model of surface area distribution with a model of carbon mass accumulation rate. We found that even if smaller lakes contribute relatively less to total surface area than larger lakes, the increasing carbon accumulation rate with decreasing lake size is strong enough to bias the distribution of carbon mass accumulation towards smaller lakes. This analytical framework provides a relatively simple approach to upscaling morphology and process that is easily generalizable to other ecosystem processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Freshwater Biological Association","doi":"10.5268/IW-5.1.740","usgsCitation":"Winslow, L.A., Read, J.S., Hanson, P.C., and Stanley, E.H., 2014, Does lake size matter? Combining morphology and process modeling to examine the contribution of lake classes to population-scale processes: Inland Waters, v. 5, p. 7-14, https://doi.org/10.5268/IW-5.1.740.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051175","costCenters":[{"id":160,"text":"Center for Integrated Data Analytics","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306908,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d5a8aee4b0518e3546a4bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winslow, Luke A. 0000-0002-8602-5510 lwinslow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8602-5510","contributorId":5919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winslow","given":"Luke","email":"lwinslow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Read, Jordan S. 0000-0002-3888-6631 jread@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3888-6631","contributorId":4453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Read","given":"Jordan","email":"jread@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":160,"text":"Center for Integrated Data Analytics","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanson, Paul C.","contributorId":35634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12951,"text":"Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stanley, Emily H.","contributorId":55725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stanley","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12951,"text":"Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70135808,"text":"70135808 - 2014 - On-orbit performance of the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-21T15:57:22","indexId":"70135808","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"On-orbit performance of the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager","docAbstract":"The Landsat 8 satellite was launched on February 11, 2013, to systematically collect multispectral images for detection and quantitative analysis of changes on the Earth’s surface. The collected data are stored at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center and continue the longest archive of medium resolution Earth images. There are two imaging instruments onboard the satellite: the Operational Land Imager (OLI) and the Thermal InfraRed Sensor (TIRS). This paper summarizes radiometric performance of the OLI including the bias stability, the system noise, saturation and other artifacts observed in its data during the first 1.5 years on orbit. Detector noise levels remain low and Signal-To-Noise Ratio high, largely exceeding the requirements. Impulse noise and saturation are present in imagery, but have negligible effect on Landsat 8 products. Oversaturation happens occasionally, but the affected detectors quickly restore their nominal responsivity. Overall, the OLI performs very well on orbit and provides high quality products to the user community. © (2014) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proc. SPIE 9218, Earth Observing Systems XIX","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Earth Observing Systems XIX","conferenceDate":"August 17, 2014","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"SPIE","doi":"10.1117/12.2063338","usgsCitation":"Micijevic, E., Vanderwerff, K., Scaramuzza, P., Morfitt, R., Barsi, J.A., and Levy, R., 2014, On-orbit performance of the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager, in Proc. SPIE 9218, Earth Observing Systems XIX, v. 9218, San Diego, CA, August 17, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2063338.","ipdsId":"IP-059265","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9218","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58fb1a4fe4b0c3010a8087d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Micijevic, Esad 0000-0002-3828-9239 emicijevic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3828-9239","contributorId":3075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Micijevic","given":"Esad","email":"emicijevic@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vanderwerff, Kelly kvanderwerff@usgs.gov","contributorId":4617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderwerff","given":"Kelly","email":"kvanderwerff@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scaramuzza, Pat 0000-0002-2616-8456 pscar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-8456","contributorId":3970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scaramuzza","given":"Pat","email":"pscar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morfitt, Ron 0000-0002-4777-4877 rmorfitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4777-4877","contributorId":4097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morfitt","given":"Ron","email":"rmorfitt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barsi, Julia A.","contributorId":71822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barsi","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12721,"text":"NASA GSFC SSAI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":536885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Levy, Raviv","contributorId":131008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levy","given":"Raviv","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7209,"text":"SSAI / NASA / GSFC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":536886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70135897,"text":"70135897 - 2014 - Prevalence of the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) at Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-19T15:23:04","indexId":"70135897","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prevalence of the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) at Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona, USA","docAbstract":"Information on disease presence can be of use to natural resource managers, especially in areas supporting threatened and endangered species that occur coincidentally with species that are suspected vectors for disease. Ad hoc reports may be of limited utility (Muths et al. 2009), but a general sense of pathogen presence (or absence) can inform management directed at T&E species, especially in regions where disease is suspected to have caused population declines (Bradley et al. 2002). The Chiricahua Leopard Frog (Lithobates chiricahuensis), a species susceptible to infection by the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Bd) (Bradley et al. 2002), and the non-native, invasive American Bullfrog (L. catesbeianus), a suspected vector for chytridiomycosis (Schloegel et al. 2012, Gervasi et al. 2013), both occur at Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge (BANWR) and surrounding lands in southern Arizona. Efforts to eradicate the bullfrog from BANWR began in 1997 (Suhre, 2010). Eradication from the southern portion of BANWR was successful by 2008 but the bullfrog remains present at the Arivaca Cienega and in areas immediately adjacent to the refuge (Fig. 1). Curtailing the re-invasion of the bullfrog into BANWR will require vigilance as to ensure the health of Chiricahua Leopard Frog populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Sigafus, B.H., Hossack, B.R., Muths, E.L., and Schwalbe, C.R., 2014, Prevalence of the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) at Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona, USA: Herpetological Review, v. 45, no. 1, p. 41-42.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045618","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296829,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296828,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.zenscientist.com/index.php/filedrawer/func-finishdown/2150/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.52496337890625,\n 31.367708915120826\n ],\n [\n -111.52496337890625,\n 31.828565514766165\n ],\n [\n -111.10061645507812,\n 31.828565514766165\n ],\n [\n -111.10061645507812,\n 31.367708915120826\n ],\n [\n -111.52496337890625,\n 31.367708915120826\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c2ce4b08de9379b3685","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sigafus, Brent H. 0000-0002-7422-8927 bsigafus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-8927","contributorId":4534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sigafus","given":"Brent","email":"bsigafus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132 muthse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":1260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","email":"muthse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwalbe, Cecil R. cschwalbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":3077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwalbe","given":"Cecil","email":"cschwalbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70150320,"text":"70150320 - 2014 - Predicting probability of occurrence and factors affecting distribution and abundance of three Ozark endemic crayfish species at multiple spatial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T13:04:04","indexId":"70150320","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting probability of occurrence and factors affecting distribution and abundance of three Ozark endemic crayfish species at multiple spatial scales","docAbstract":"The focal mechanisms of earthquakes in Southern California before and after four M ≥ 6.7 main shocks provide insight into how fault systems respond to stress and changes in stress. The main shock static stress changes have two observed impacts on the seismicity: changing the focal mechanisms in a given location to favor those aligned with the static stress change and changing the spatial distribution of seismicity to favor locations where the static stress change aligns with the background stress. The aftershock focal mechanisms are significantly aligned with the static stress changes for absolute stress changes of ≥ 0.02 MPa, for up to ~20 years following the main shock. The dynamic stress changes have similar, although smaller, effects on the local focal mechanisms and the spatial seismicity distribution. Dynamic stress effects are best observed at long periods (30–60 s) and for metrics based on repeated stress cycling in the same direction. This implies that dynamic triggering operates, at least in part, through cyclic shear stress loading in the direction of fault slip. The background stress also strongly controls both the preshock and aftershock mechanisms. While most aftershock mechanisms are well oriented in the background stress field, 10% of aftershocks are identified as poorly oriented outliers, which may indicate limited heterogeneity in the postmain shock stress field. The fault plane orientations of the outliers are well oriented in the background stress, while their slip directions are not, implying that the background stress restricts the distribution of available fault planes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014JB011533","usgsCitation":"Hardebeck, J.L., 2014, The impact of static stress change, dynamic stress change, and the background stress on aftershock focal mechanisms: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 119, no. 11, p. 8239-8266, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011533.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"8239","endPage":"8266","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059150","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jb011533","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299981,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.091796875,\n 34.043556504127444\n ],\n [\n -119.091796875,\n 34.58799745550482\n ],\n [\n -118.114013671875,\n 34.58799745550482\n ],\n [\n -118.114013671875,\n 34.043556504127444\n ],\n [\n -119.091796875,\n 34.043556504127444\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.883544921875,\n 33.8521697014074\n ],\n [\n -116.883544921875,\n 35.092945313732635\n ],\n [\n -115.916748046875,\n 35.092945313732635\n ],\n [\n -115.916748046875,\n 33.8521697014074\n ],\n [\n -116.883544921875,\n 33.8521697014074\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.77392578125,\n 32.667124733120325\n ],\n [\n -115.77392578125,\n 32.95336814579932\n ],\n [\n -115.4443359375,\n 32.95336814579932\n ],\n [\n -115.4443359375,\n 32.667124733120325\n ],\n [\n -115.77392578125,\n 32.667124733120325\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55435235e4b0a658d79414b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hardebeck, Jeanne L. 0000-0002-6737-7780 jhardebeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6737-7780","contributorId":841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardebeck","given":"Jeanne","email":"jhardebeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70142263,"text":"70142263 - 2014 - A sub-national scale geospatial analysis of diamond deposit lootability: the case of the Central African Republic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-19T10:35:39","indexId":"70142263","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3873,"text":"The Extractive Industries and Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A sub-national scale geospatial analysis of diamond deposit lootability: the case of the Central African Republic","docAbstract":"The Central African Republic (CAR), a country with rich diamond deposits and a tumultuous political history, experienced a government takeover by the Seleka rebel coalition in 2013. It is within this context that we developed and implemented a geospatial approach for assessing the lootability of high value-to-weight resource deposits, using the case of diamonds in CAR as an example. According to current definitions of lootability, or the vulnerability of deposits to exploitation, CAR's two major diamond deposits are similarly lootable. However, using this geospatial approach, we demonstrate that the deposits experience differing political geographic, spatial location, and cultural geographic contexts, rendering the eastern deposits more lootable than the western deposits. The patterns identified through this detailed analysis highlight the geographic complexities surrounding the issue of conflict resources and lootability, and speak to the importance of examining these topics at the sub-national scale, rather than relying on national-scale statistics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2014.07.009","usgsCitation":"Malpeli, K.C., and Chirico, P., 2014, A sub-national scale geospatial analysis of diamond deposit lootability: the case of the Central African Republic: The Extractive Industries and Society, v. 1, no. 2, p. 249-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2014.07.009.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"259","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058408","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Central African Republic","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 14.3701171875,\n 2.174770572211874\n ],\n [\n 14.3701171875,\n 11.027472194117946\n ],\n [\n 27.509765625,\n 11.027472194117946\n ],\n [\n 27.509765625,\n 2.174770572211874\n ],\n [\n 14.3701171875,\n 2.174770572211874\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550bf328e4b02e76d759cdd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malpeli, Katherine C. kmalpeli@usgs.gov","contributorId":4955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malpeli","given":"Katherine","email":"kmalpeli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chirico, Peter G. pchirico@usgs.gov","contributorId":2659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chirico","given":"Peter G.","email":"pchirico@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70120714,"text":"70120714 - 2014 - Holocene earthquakes and right-lateral slip on the left-lateral Darrington-Devils Mountain fault zone, northern Puget Sound, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-26T13:33:58","indexId":"70120714","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene earthquakes and right-lateral slip on the left-lateral Darrington-Devils Mountain fault zone, northern Puget Sound, Washington","docAbstract":"Sources of seismic hazard in the Puget Sound region of northwestern Washington include deep earthquakes associated with the Cascadia subduction zone, and shallow earthquakes associated with some of the numerous crustal (upper-plate) faults that crisscross the region. Our paleoseismic investigations on one of the more prominent crustal faults, the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone, included trenching of fault scarps developed on latest Pleistocene glacial sediments and analysis of cores from an adjacent wetland near Lake Creek, 14 km southeast of Mount Vernon, Washington. Trench excavations revealed evidence of a single earthquake, radiocarbon dated to ca. 2 ka, but extensive burrowing and root mixing of sediments within 50–100 cm of the ground surface may have destroyed evidence of other earthquakes. Cores in a small wetland adjacent to our trench site provided stratigraphic evidence (formation of a laterally extensive, prograding wedge of hillslope colluvium) of an earthquake ca. 2 ka, which we interpret to be the same earthquake documented in the trenches. A similar colluvial wedge lower in the wetland section provides possible evidence for a second earthquake dated to ca. 8 ka. Three-dimensional trenching techniques revealed evidence for 2.2 ± 1.1 m of right-lateral offset of a glacial outwash channel margin, and 45–70 cm of north-side-up vertical separation across the fault zone. These offsets indicate a net slip vector of 2.3 ± 1.1 m, plunging 14° west on a 286°-striking, 90°-dipping fault plane. The dominant right-lateral sense of slip is supported by the presence of numerous Riedel R shears preserved in two of our trenches, and probable right-lateral offset of a distinctive bedrock fault zone in a third trench. Holocene north-side-up, right-lateral oblique slip is opposite the south-side-up, left-lateral oblique sense of slip inferred from geologic mapping of Eocene and older rocks along the fault zone. The cause of this slip reversal is unknown but may be related to clockwise rotation of the Darrington–Devils Mountain fault zone into a position more favorable to right-lateral slip in the modern N-S compressional stress field.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01067.1","usgsCitation":"Personius, S.F., Briggs, R.W., Nelson, A.R., Schermer, E.R., Maharrey, J.Z., Sherrod, B.L., Spaulding, S.A., and Bradley, L., 2014, Holocene earthquakes and right-lateral slip on the left-lateral Darrington-Devils Mountain fault zone, northern Puget Sound, Washington: Geosphere, v. 10, no. 6, p. 1482-1500, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01067.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1482","endPage":"1500","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059226","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01067.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297530,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.46435546875,\n 48.93693495409401\n ],\n [\n -122.10205078125,\n 48.90805939965008\n ],\n [\n -122.14599609375001,\n 47.27922900257082\n ],\n [\n -123.02490234375,\n 47.2195681123155\n ],\n [\n -123.46435546875,\n 48.93693495409401\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bc6e4b08de9379b34c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Personius, Stephen F. personius@usgs.gov","contributorId":1214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"Stephen","email":"personius@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":4136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schermer, Elizabeth R","contributorId":115146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schermer","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Maharrey, J. Zebulon","contributorId":116234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maharrey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Zebulon","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sherrod, Brian L. 0000-0002-4492-8631 bsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-8631","contributorId":2834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"Brian","email":"bsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Spaulding, Sarah A. 0000-0002-9787-7743 sspaulding@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9787-7743","contributorId":1157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spaulding","given":"Sarah","email":"sspaulding@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bradley, Lee-Ann bradley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Lee-Ann","email":"bradley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}