{"pageNumber":"1335","pageRowStart":"33350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184769,"records":[{"id":70146007,"text":"70146007 - 2014 - Efficacy of plastic mesh tubes in reducing herbivory damage by the invasive nutria (<i>Myocastor coypus</i>) in an urban restoration site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-07T17:02:29","indexId":"70146007","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficacy of plastic mesh tubes in reducing herbivory damage by the invasive nutria (<i>Myocastor coypus</i>) in an urban restoration site","docAbstract":"<p><span>The restoration of stream corridors is becoming an increasingly important component of urban landscape planning, and the high cost of these projects necessitates the need to understand and address potential ecological obstacles to project success. The nutria</span><i>(Myocastor coypus)</i><span>&nbsp;is an invasive, semi-aquatic rodent native to South America that causes detrimental ecological impacts in riparian and wetland habitats throughout its introduced range, and techniques are needed to reduce nutria herbivory damage to urban stream restoration projects. We assessed the efficacy of standard Vexar&reg; plastic mesh tubes in reducing nutria herbivory damage to newly established woody plants. The study was conducted in winter-spring 2009 at Delta Ponds, a 60-ha urban waterway in Eugene, Oregon. Woody plants protected by Vexar&reg; tubes demonstrated 100% survival over the 3-month initial establishment period, while only 17% of unprotected plantings survived. Nutria demonstrated a preference for black cottonwood&nbsp;</span><i>(Populus balsamifera</i><span>&nbsp;ssp&nbsp;</span><i>trichocarpa</i><span>) over red osier dogwood (</span><i>Cornus</i><i>sericea)</i><span>&nbsp;and willow (</span><i>Salix</i><span>&nbsp;spp). Camera surveillance showed that nutria were more active in unprotected rather than protected treatments. Our results suggest that Vexar&reg; plastic mesh tubing can be an effective short-term herbivory mitigation tool when habitat use by nutria is low. Additionally, planting functionally equivalent woody plant species that are less preferred by nutria, and other herbivores, may be another method for reducing herbivory and improving revegetation success. This study highlights the need to address potential wildlife damage conflicts in the planning process for stream restoration in urban landscapes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","doi":"10.3955/046.088.0403","usgsCitation":"Sheffels, T.R., Systma, M.D., Carter, J., and Taylor, J.D., 2014, Efficacy of plastic mesh tubes in reducing herbivory damage by the invasive nutria (<i>Myocastor coypus</i>) in an urban restoration site: Northwest Science, v. 88, no. 4, p. 269-279, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.088.0403.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"279","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046381","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Eugene","otherGeospatial":"Delta Ponds","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.11124801635741,\n              44.07562367724454\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.11124801635741,\n              44.080510242951746\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.1089949607849,\n              44.080510242951746\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.1089949607849,\n              44.07562367724454\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.11124801635741,\n              44.07562367724454\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5528f42ee4b026915857cb10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheffels, Trevor R.","contributorId":140176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheffels","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Systma, Mark D.","contributorId":140177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Systma","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13401,"text":"Portland State University, Portland Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, Jacoby 0000-0003-0110-0284 carterj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-0284","contributorId":2399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Jacoby","email":"carterj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taylor, Jimmy D.","contributorId":140178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Jimmy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13402,"text":"USDA APHIS Wildlife Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70159892,"text":"70159892 - 2014 - Evaluating the long-term management of introduced ungulates to protect the palila, an endangered bird, and its criticial habitat in subalpine forest of Mauna Kea, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:53:12","indexId":"70159892","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the long-term management of introduced ungulates to protect the palila, an endangered bird, and its criticial habitat in subalpine forest of Mauna Kea, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"<p>Under the multiple-use paradigm, conflicts may arise when protection of an endangered species must compete with other management objectives. To resolve such a conflict in the Critical Habitat of the endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper, palila (Loxioides bailleui), federal courts ordered the eradication of introduced ungulates responsible for damaging the māmane (Sophora chrysophylla) forest on which palila depend. During 1980&ndash;2011, a total of 18,130 sheep (Ovis aries and O. gmelini musimon) and 310 goats (Capra hircus) were removed from Palila Critical Habitat (PCH) primarily by public hunters (54%) and secondarily by aerial shooting. Nevertheless, our analysis indicates that ungulates have increased over time. Palila numbers have declined sharply since 2003 due to long-term habitat degradation by ungulates and drought. Although culling ungulate populations has allowed some habitat improvement, their complete removal is necessary for palila to recover, especially given the potential for continued drought. Introduced predators are being controlled to reduce palila mortality, māmane and other native trees are being planted to restore some areas, and fencing is being constructed to prevent ungulate immigration. Funds are recently available for more effective eradication efforts, which are urgently needed to eliminate browsing damage in PCH and protect the palila from extinction.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research","doi":"10.1657/1938-4246-46.4.871","usgsCitation":"Banko, P.C., Hess, S., Scowcroft, P.G., Farmer, C., Jacobi, J.D., Stephens, R.M., Camp, R.J., Leonard, D.L., Brinck, K., Juvik, J., and Juvik, S.P., 2014, Evaluating the long-term management of introduced ungulates to protect the palila, an endangered bird, and its criticial habitat in subalpine forest of Mauna Kea, Hawai'i: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 46, no. 4, p. 871-889, https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-46.4.871.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"871","endPage":"889","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045127","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-46.4.871","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Mauna Kea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.64056396484375,\n              19.720171331772967\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.64056396484375,\n              19.936559838204793\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.3638458251953,\n              19.936559838204793\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.3638458251953,\n              19.720171331772967\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.64056396484375,\n              19.720171331772967\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566175cbe4b06a3ea36c56a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banko, Paul C. 0000-0002-6035-9803 pbanko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-9803","contributorId":3179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"Paul","email":"pbanko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, Steven C. shess@usgs.gov","contributorId":150178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steven C.","email":"shess@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scowcroft, Paul G.","contributorId":150181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scowcroft","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":17931,"text":"US Forest Service, pscowcroft@fs.fed.us","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farmer, Chris cfarmer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"Chris","email":"cfarmer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":580919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jacobi, James D. 0000-0003-2313-7862 jjacobi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2313-7862","contributorId":3705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobi","given":"James","email":"jjacobi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stephens, Robert M.","contributorId":150182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stephens","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17932,"text":"PCSU, robertms@hawaii.edu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Camp, Richard J. 0000-0001-7008-923X rick_camp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-923X","contributorId":116175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camp","given":"Richard","email":"rick_camp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Leonard, David L. Jr.","contributorId":150180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonard","given":"David","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17930,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, david_leonard@fws.gov","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Brinck, Kevin W. 0000-0001-7581-2482 kbrinck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7581-2482","contributorId":3847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brinck","given":"Kevin W.","email":"kbrinck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Juvik, J.O.","contributorId":7806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juvik","given":"J.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Juvik, S. P.","contributorId":150197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Juvik","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70122403,"text":"sir20145149 - 2014 - Aquifers of Arkansas: protection, management, and hydrologic and geochemical characteristics of groundwater resources in Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-09T09:29:28","indexId":"sir20145149","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-31T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5149","title":"Aquifers of Arkansas: protection, management, and hydrologic and geochemical characteristics of groundwater resources in Arkansas","docAbstract":"<p>Sixteen aquifers in Arkansas that currently serve or have served as sources of water supply are described with respect to existing groundwater protection and management programs, geology, hydrologic characteristics, water use, water levels, deductive analysis, projections of hydrologic conditions, and water quality. State and Federal protection and management programs are described according to regulatory oversight, management strategies, and ambient groundwater-monitoring programs that currently (2013) are in place for assessing and protecting groundwater resources throughout the State.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Physical attributes, groundwater geochemistry, and groundwater quality are described for each of the 16 aquifers of the State. Information in regard to the hydrology and geochemistry of each of the aquifers is summarized from about 550 historical and recent publications. Additionally, more than 8,000 sites with groundwater-quality data were obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System and the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality databases and entered into a spatial database to investigate distribution and trends in chemical constituents for each of the aquifers.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The 16 aquifers of the State were divided into two major physiographic regions of the State: the Coastal Plain Province (referred to as Coastal Plain) of eastern and southern Arkansas, which includes 11 of the 16 aquifers, and the Interior Highlands Division (referred to as Interior Highlands) of western Arkansas, which includes the remaining 5 aquifers. The 11 aquifers in the Coastal Plain consist of various geologic units that are Cenozoic in age and consist primarily of Cretaceous, Tertiary, and Quaternary sands, gravels, silts, and clays. Groundwater in the Coastal Plain represents one of the most valuable natural resources in the State, driving the economic engines of agriculture, while also supplying abundant water for commercial, industrial, and public-supply use. In terms of age from youngest to oldest, the aquifers of the Coastal Plain include Quaternary alluvial aquifers, including the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer (the most important aquifer in Arkansas in terms of volume of use and economic benefits), the Jackson Group (a regional confining unit that served for decades as an important source of domestic supply), and the Cockfield, Sparta, Cane River, Carrizo, Wilcox, Nacatoch, Ozan, Tokio, and Trinity aquifers. The Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer accounts for approximately 94 percent of all groundwater used in the State, and the aquifer is used primarily for irrigation purposes. The Sparta aquifer is the second most important aquifer in terms of use, and the aquifer was used in the past dominantly as a source of public and industrial supply, although increasing irrigation use is occurring because of critically declining water levels in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer. Other aquifers of the Coastal Plain generally are used as important local sources of domestic, industrial, and public supply, in addition to other minor uses. Water quality generally is good for all aquifers of the Coastal Plain, except for elevated iron concentrations and localized areas of high salinity. The high salinity results from intrusion from underlying formations, evapotranspiration processes in areas of low recharge, and inadequate flushing in downgradient areas of residual salinity from deposition in marine environments. Trends in the spatial distribution of individual chemical constituents are related to position along the flow path for most aquifers of the Coastal Plain. These trends include elevated iron and nitrate concentrations with lower pH values and dissolved solids in groundwater from the outcrop areas, transitioning to lower iron and nitrate (related to changes in redox) and higher pH and dissolved solids (dominantly from the dissolution of carbonate minerals) in groundwater downgradient from outcrop areas. Groundwater generally trended from a calcium- to a sodium-bicarbonate water type with increasing cation exchange along the flow path.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The Interior Highlands of western Arkansas has less reported groundwater use than other areas of the State, reflecting a combination of factors. These factors include prevalent and increasing use of surface water, less intensive agricultural uses, lower population and industry densities, lesser potential yield of the resource, and lack of detailed reporting. The overall low yields of aquifers of the Interior Highlands result in domestic supply as the dominant use, with minor industrial, public, and commercial-supply use. Where greater volumes are required for growth of population and industry, surface water is the greatest supplier of water needs in the Interior Highlands. The various aquifers of the Interior Highlands generally occur in shallow, fractured, well-indurated, structurally modified bedrock of this mountainous region of the State, as compared to the relatively flat-lying, unconsolidated sediments of the Coastal Plain. In terms of age from youngest to oldest, the aquifers of the Interior Highlands include: the Arkansas River Valley alluvial aquifer, the Ouachita Mountains aquifer, the Western Interior Plains confining system, the Springfield Plateau aquifer, and the Ozark aquifer. Spatial trends in groundwater geochemistry in the Interior Highlands differ greatly from trends noted for aquifers of the Coastal Plain. In the Coastal Plain, the prevalence of long regional flow paths results in regionally predictable and mappable geochemical changes along the flow paths. In the Interior Highlands, short, topographically controlled flow paths (from hilltops to valleys) within small watersheds represent the predominant groundwater-flow system. As such, dense data coverage from numerous wells would be required to effectively characterize these groundwater basins and define small-scale geochemical changes along any given flow path for aquifers of the Interior Highlands. Changes in geochemistry generally were related to rock type and residence time along individual flow paths. Dominant changes in geochemistry for the Ouachita Mountains aquifer and the Western Interior Plains confining system are attributed to rock/water interaction and changes in redox zonation along the flow path. In these areas, groundwater evolves along flow paths from a calcium- to a sodium-bicarbonate water type with increasing reducing conditions resulting in denitrification, elevated iron and manganese concentrations, and production of methane in the more geochemically evolved and strongest reducing conditions. In the Ozark and Springfield Plateau aquifers, rapid influx of surface-derived contaminants, especially nitrogen, coupled with few to no attenuation processes was attributed to the karst landscape developed on Mississippian- and Ordovician-age carbonate rocks of the Ozark Plateaus. Increasing nitrate concentrations are related to increasing agricultural land use, and areas of mature karst development result in higher nitrate concentrations than areas with less karst features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145149","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission","usgsCitation":"Kresse, T.M., Hays, P.D., Merriman, K.R., Gillip, J.A., Fugitt, D., Spellman, J.L., Nottmeier, A.M., Westerman, D.A., Blackstock, J.M., and Battreal, J.L., 2014, Aquifers of Arkansas: protection, management, and hydrologic and geochemical characteristics of groundwater resources in Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5149, Report: xxi, 334 p.; Report pages 1-111; Report pages 112-221; Report pages 222-235, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145149.","productDescription":"Report: xxi, 334 p.; Report pages 1-111; Report pages 112-221; Report pages 222-235","numberOfPages":"360","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-054912","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295819,"rank":8,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145149.jpg"},{"id":299534,"rank":6,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5149/pdf/sir2014-5149_Aquifers.pdf","text":"Aquifers of the Interior Highlands through Summary","size":"5.12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report pages 250-311","linkHelpText":"Report pages 250-311"},{"id":299535,"rank":7,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5149/pdf/sir2014-5149_References.pdf","text":"References","size":"275 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report pages 312-335","linkHelpText":"Report pages 312-335"},{"id":295813,"rank":3,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5149/pdf/sir2014-5149_Contents.pdf","text":"Contents, Conversion Factors, Acronyms","size":"237 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report Front Matter","linkHelpText":"Report Front Matter"},{"id":295814,"rank":4,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5149/pdf/sir2014-5149_Abstract.pdf","text":"Abstract through the Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer","size":"20.2 MB","description":"Report pages 1-111","linkHelpText":"Report pages 1-111"},{"id":295815,"rank":5,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5149/pdf/sir2014-5149_MinorAlluvial.pdf","text":"Minor Alluvial Aquifers in Coastal Plain through the Trinity Aquifer","size":"23.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report pages 112-249","linkHelpText":"Report pages 112-249"},{"id":295783,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5149/"},{"id":295812,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5149/pdf/sir2014-5149.pdf","size":"54.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkasas","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"545c9bb2e4b0ba8303f709a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kresse, Timothy M. 0000-0003-1035-0672 tkresse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1035-0672","contributorId":2758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kresse","given":"Timothy","email":"tkresse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hays, Phillip D. 0000-0001-5491-9272 pdhays@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5491-9272","contributorId":4145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hays","given":"Phillip","email":"pdhays@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Merriman, Katherine R. 0000-0002-1303-2410 kmerriman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1303-2410","contributorId":4973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merriman","given":"Katherine","email":"kmerriman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":522844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gillip, Jonathan A. jgillip@usgs.gov","contributorId":3222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillip","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgillip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fugitt, D. Todd","contributorId":127005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fugitt","given":"D. Todd","affiliations":[{"id":6759,"text":"Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":522846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Spellman, Jane L.","contributorId":127006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spellman","given":"Jane","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6760,"text":"FTN Associates, Ltd","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":522847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nottmeier, Anna M. 0000-0002-0205-0955 anottmeier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-0955","contributorId":5283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nottmeier","given":"Anna","email":"anottmeier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Westerman, Drew A. 0000-0002-8522-776X dawester@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-776X","contributorId":4526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westerman","given":"Drew","email":"dawester@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Blackstock, Joshua M. jblackst@usgs.gov","contributorId":5553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackstock","given":"Joshua","email":"jblackst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":522850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Battreal, James L.","contributorId":127019,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Battreal","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6759,"text":"Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":522898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70127753,"text":"sir20145185 - 2014 - Status of groundwater levels and storage volume in the <i>Equus</i> Beds aquifer near Wichita, Kansas, 2012 to 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-31T16:04:40","indexId":"sir20145185","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-31T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5185","title":"Status of groundwater levels and storage volume in the <i>Equus</i> Beds aquifer near Wichita, Kansas, 2012 to 2014","docAbstract":"<p>Development of the Wichita well field in the <em>Equus</em> Beds aquifer in southwest Harvey County and northwest Sedgwick County began in the 1940s to supply water to the city of Wichita. The decline of water levels in the <em>Equus</em> Beds aquifer was noted soon after the development of the Wichita well field began. Development of irrigation wells began in the 1960s. City and agricultural withdrawals led to substantial water-level declines. Water-level declines likely enhanced movement of brines from past oil and gas activities near Burrton, Kansas, as well as natural saline water from the Arkansas River into the Wichita well field area. Large chloride concentrations may limit use, or require the treatment of water from the well field for irrigation or public supply. In 1993, the city of Wichita adopted the Integrated Local Water Supply Program to ensure an adequate water supply for the city through 2050 and manage effectively the part of the <em>Equus</em> Beds aquifer Wichita uses. The Integrated Local Water Supply Program uses several strategies to do this, including the <em>Equus</em> Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery project. The purpose of the Aquifer Storage and Recovery project is to store water in the aquifer for later recovery, and help protect the aquifer from encroachment of a known oil-field-brine plume near Burrton and saline water from the Arkansas River. Since 1940, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the city of Wichita, has monitored changes in the <em>Equus</em> Beds aquifer as part of Wichita&rsquo;s effort to manage this resource effectively.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Average water-level changes since predevelopment (before substantial pumpage began in the area) for winter 2012, summer 2012, winter 2013, and winter 2014 generally indicate greater declines in the central part of the study area than in either the basin storage or entire study area. In contrast, average water-level rises since 1993 for winter 2012, summer 2012, winter 2013, and winter 2014 were greater for the central part of the study area than for either the basin storage area or entire study area. This indicates the central part of the study area had more post-1993 water-level recovery than did the rest of the study area. In the central part of the study area, city water use decreased by about 40 percent, and irrigation water use increased by about 3 percent compared to pre-1993 peaks in 1992 and 1991, respectively, whereas irrigation water use outside the central part of the study area increased by about 24 percent from the pre-1993 peak in 1991. Part of the larger increase in irrigation pumpage probably was a result of drought-term and multiyear flex account permits, which were estimated to account for about 8 and 4 percent of irrigation pumpage in the study area in 2011 and 2012.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>There was a larger percentage storage-volume increase since 1993 in the central part of the study area than in either the basin storage area or the entire study area. Storage-volume in the central part of the study area during winter 2012, summer 2013, winter 2013, and winter 2014 recovered about 46,300 acre-feet or more compared to the storage volume in 1993. In summer 2012 and winter 2013, the storage-volume increase since 1993 was larger in the central part of the study area than in the entire study area, indicating the storage-volume increases in the central part of the study area offset decreases in storage volume in the rest of the study area. The larger increase in storage volume in the central part of the study area than in the rest of the study area probably was because of the Integrated Local Water Supply Program strategy that reduced city pumpage from the Equus Beds aquifer by about 40 percent. The current (winter 2014) storage volumes in the entire study area and the central part of the study area are about 94 and 96 percent of their respective predevelopment storage volumes or about 3,067,000 and 962,000 acre-feet, respectively.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145185","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wichita, Kansas","usgsCitation":"Hansen, C.V., Whisnant, J.A., and Lanning-Rush, J., 2014, Status of groundwater levels and storage volume in the <i>Equus</i> Beds aquifer near Wichita, Kansas, 2012 to 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5185, Report: vi, 39 p.; Table 1-1, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145185.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 39 p.; Table 1-1","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-01-01","temporalEnd":"2014-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-057035","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295818,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145185.jpg"},{"id":295816,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5185/pdf/sir2014-5185.pdf","size":"5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":295817,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5185/downloads/sir14-5185_table1-1.xlsx","text":"Table 1-1","size":"120 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":295782,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5185/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","city":"Wichita","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ae02be4b0da0a54dbb636","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Cristi V. chansen@usgs.gov","contributorId":435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Cristi","email":"chansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":522839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whisnant, Joshua A. jwhisnant@usgs.gov","contributorId":5808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whisnant","given":"Joshua","email":"jwhisnant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lanning-Rush, Jennifer L. jlanning@usgs.gov","contributorId":5809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanning-Rush","given":"Jennifer L.","email":"jlanning@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":522841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70119566,"text":"ofr20121024J - 2014 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Williston Basin, Central Montana Basins, and Montana Thrust Belt study areas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70119566,"text":"ofr20121024J - 2014 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Williston Basin, Central Montana Basins, and Montana Thrust Belt study areas","indexId":"ofr20121024J","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"J","title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Williston Basin, Central Montana Basins, and Montana Thrust Belt study areas"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70093199,"text":"ofr20121024 - 2012 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources","indexId":"ofr20121024","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70093199,"text":"ofr20121024 - 2012 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources","indexId":"ofr20121024","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T19:23:44.648524","indexId":"ofr20121024J","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-31T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1024","chapter":"J","title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Williston Basin, Central Montana Basins, and Montana Thrust Belt study areas","docAbstract":"<p>The 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act directs the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to conduct a national assessment of potential geologic storage resources for carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). The methodology used by the USGS for the national CO<sub>2</sub> assessment follows that of previous USGS work. This methodology is non-economic and is intended to be used at regional to sub-basinal scales.</p>\n<p>The Williston Basin of North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana, along with the Central Montana Basins and Montana Thrust Belt study areas are adjacent and share similar geologic units. In general, the Williston Basin study area is a wide sedimentary basin, whereas the Central Montana Basins study area contains sedimentary rocks along topographic highs and flat plains, and the Montana Thrust Belt study area is more structurally complex.</p>\n<p>This report identifies and contains geologic descriptions of nine storage assessment units (SAUs) in Cambrian to Upper Cretaceous sedimentary rocks within the Williston Basin study area. The Central Montana Basins and Montana Thrust Belt study areas were also investigated for this report. Nevertheless, no SAUs in these study areas were assessed because they contained potential sources of underground drinking water; although sufficient geologic data were available, and suitable storage formations meeting our size, depth, reservoir quality, and regional seal guidelines were found. Ultimately, the report focuses on the characteristics, specified in the methodology, that influence the potential CO<sub>2</sub> storage resource in the SAUs. Specific descriptions of the SAU boundaries as well as their sealing and reservoir units are included. Properties for each SAU, such as depth to top, gross thickness, porosity, permeability, groundwater quality, and structural reservoir traps, are usually provided to illustrate geologic factors critical to the assessment. The geologic information herein was employed, as specified in the USGS methodology, to calculate a probabilistic distribution of potential storage resources in each SAU with these assessment outputs contained in a companion results report.</p>\n<p>Figures in this report show the study area boundaries along with the SAU extent and cell maps of well penetrations through sealing units into the top of the storage formations. The USGS does not necessarily know the location of all wells and cannot guarantee the full extent of drilling through specific formations in any given cell shown on the cell maps.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121024J","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"Buursink, M.L., Merrill, M., Craddock, W.H., Roberts-Ashby, T.L., Brennan, S.T., Blondes, M., Freeman, P., Cahan, S.M., DeVera, C.A., and Lohr, C., 2014, Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Williston Basin, Central Montana Basins, and Montana Thrust Belt study areas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1024, Report: vii, 40 p.; 2 Companion Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121024J.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 40 p.; 2 Companion Files","numberOfPages":"47","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053459","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295809,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121024J.jpg"},{"id":295805,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1024/j/downloads/SAU_C5031_Final.zip","text":"Storage Assessment Units","description":"Storage Assessment Units"},{"id":295757,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1024/j/"},{"id":295797,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1024/j/pdf/ofr2012-1024j.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.91 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":295804,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1024/j/downloads/Cell_C5031_Final.zip","text":"Well Density","description":"Well Density"}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area Projection","country":"United States","state":"Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Central Montana Basins, Montana Thrust Belt, Williston Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -99.20654296875,\n              49.009050809382046\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.26855468749999,\n              48.980216985374994\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.47753906249999,\n              47.39834920035926\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.818359375,\n              47.15984001304432\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.37890625,\n              46.90524554642923\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.08251953125,\n              46.649436163350245\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.6318359375,\n              45.460130637921004\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.830078125,\n              45.706179285330855\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.43505859374999,\n              45.120052841530516\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.732421875,\n              45.89000815866184\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.04052734375,\n              44.99588261816546\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.1064453125,\n              44.54350521320822\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.75537109375,\n              43.94537239244209\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.0302734375,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.1845703125,\n              45.935870621190546\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.41552734375,\n              47.87214396888731\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.20654296875,\n              49.009050809382046\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5454968ee4b0dc7793747c68","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":522877,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Corum, M.D. 0000-0002-9038-3935 mcorum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9038-3935","contributorId":2249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corum","given":"M.D.","email":"mcorum@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522878,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Buursink, Marc L. 0000-0001-6491-386X mbuursink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6491-386X","contributorId":3362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buursink","given":"Marc","email":"mbuursink@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merrill, Matthew D. 0000-0003-3766-847X mmerrill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3766-847X","contributorId":2584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merrill","given":"Matthew D.","email":"mmerrill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Craddock, William H. 0000-0002-4181-4735 wcraddock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4181-4735","contributorId":3411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craddock","given":"William","email":"wcraddock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roberts-Ashby, Tina L. 0000-0003-2940-1740 troberts-ashby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2940-1740","contributorId":2177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts-Ashby","given":"Tina","email":"troberts-ashby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brennan, Sean T. 0000-0002-7102-9359 sbrennan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7102-9359","contributorId":559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brennan","given":"Sean","email":"sbrennan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blondes, Madalyn S. 0000-0003-0320-0107 mblondes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-0107","contributorId":3598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blondes","given":"Madalyn S.","email":"mblondes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Freeman, P.A. 0000-0002-0863-7431 pfreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0863-7431","contributorId":3154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"P.A.","email":"pfreeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cahan, Steven M. 0000-0002-4776-3668 scahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4776-3668","contributorId":4529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahan","given":"Steven","email":"scahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"DeVera, Christina A. 0000-0002-4691-6108 cdevera@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4691-6108","contributorId":3845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeVera","given":"Christina","email":"cdevera@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lohr, Celeste D. 0000-0001-6287-9047 clohr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-9047","contributorId":3866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohr","given":"Celeste D.","email":"clohr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70122361,"text":"sir20145166 - 2014 - Groundwater-flow and land-subsidence model of Antelope Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-31T15:21:38","indexId":"sir20145166","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-31T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5166","title":"Groundwater-flow and land-subsidence model of Antelope Valley, California","docAbstract":"<p>Antelope Valley, California, is a topographically closed basin in the western part of the Mojave Desert, about 50 miles northeast of Los Angeles. The Antelope Valley groundwater basin is about 940 square miles and is separated from the northern part of Antelope Valley by faults and low-lying hills. Prior to 1972, groundwater provided more than 90 percent of the total water supply in the valley; since 1972, it has provided between 50 and 90 percent. Most groundwater pumping in the valley occurs in the Antelope Valley groundwater basin, which includes the rapidly growing cities of Lancaster and Palmdale. Groundwater-level declines of more than 270 feet in some parts of the groundwater basin have resulted in an increase in pumping lifts, reduced well efficiency, and land subsidence of more than 6 feet in some areas. Future urban growth and limits on the supply of imported water may increase reliance on groundwater.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>In 2011, the Los Angeles County Superior Court of California ruled that the Antelope Valley groundwater basin is in overdraft&mdash;groundwater extractions are in excess of the Court-defined safe yield of the groundwater basin. The Court determined that the safe yield of the adjudicated area of the basin was 110,000 acre-feet per year (acre-ft/yr). Natural recharge is an important component of total groundwater recharge in Antelope Valley; however, the exact quantity and distribution of natural recharge, primarily in the form of mountain-front recharge, is uncertain, with total estimates ranging from 30,000 to 160,000 acre-ft/yr. Technical experts, retained by parties to the adjudication, used 60,000 acre-ft/yr to estimate the sustainable yield of the basin, and this value was used in this study. In order to better understand the uncertainty associated with natural recharge and to provide a tool to aid in groundwater management, a numerical model of groundwater flow and land subsidence in the Antelope Valley groundwater basin was developed using old and new geohydrologic information.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The groundwater-flow system consists of three aquifers: the upper, middle, and lower aquifers. The three aquifers, which were identified on the basis of the hydrologic properties, age, and depth of the unconsolidated deposits, consist of gravel, sand, silt, and clay alluvial deposits and clay and silty clay lacustrine deposits. Prior to groundwater development in the valley, recharge was primarily the infiltration of runoff from the surrounding mountains. Groundwater flowed from the recharge areas to discharge areas around the playas where it discharged from the aquifer system as either evapotranspiration or from springs. Partial barriers to horizontal groundwater flow, such as faults, have been identified in the groundwater basin. Water-level declines owing to groundwater development have eliminated the natural sources of discharge, and pumping for agricultural and urban uses have become the primary source of discharge from the groundwater system. Infiltration of return flow from agricultural irrigation has become an important source of recharge to the aquifer system.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The groundwater-flow model of the basin was discretized horizontally into a grid of 130 rows and 118 columns of square cells 1 kilometer (0.621 mile) on a side, and vertically into four layers representing the upper (two layers), middle (one layer), and lower (one layer) aquifers. Faults that were thought to act as horizontal-flow barriers were simulated in the model. The model was calibrated to simulate steady-state conditions, represented by 1915 water levels and transient-state conditions during 1915&ndash;95, by using water-level and subsidence data. Initial estimates of the aquifer-system properties and stresses were obtained from a previously published numerical model of the Antelope Valley groundwater basin; estimates also were obtained from recently collected hydrologic data and from results of simulations of groundwater-flow and land-subsidence models of the Edwards Air Force Base area. Some of these initial estimates were modified during model calibration. Groundwater pumpage for agriculture was estimated on the basis of irrigated crop acreage and crop consumptive-use data. Pumpage for public supply, which is metered, was compiled and entered into a database used for this study. Estimated annual agricultural pumpage peaked at 395,000 acre-feet (acre-ft) in 1951 and then declined because of declining agricultural production. Recharge from irrigation return flows was assumed to be 30 percent of agricultural pumpage; delays associated with return flow moving through the unsaturated zone were also simulated. The annual quantity of mountain-front recharge initially was based on estimates from previous studies. The model was calibrated using the PEST software suite; prior information from the area was incorporated through the use of Tikhonov regularization. During model calibration, the estimated mountain-front recharge was reduced from the previous estimate of 30,300 acre-ft/yr to 29,150 acre-ft/yr.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Results of the simulations using the calibrated model indicate that simulated groundwater pumpage exceeded recharge in most years, resulting in an estimated cumulative depletion in groundwater storage of 8,700,000 acre-ft during the transient-simulation period (1915&ndash;2005). About 15,000,000 acre-ft of cumulative groundwater pumpage was simulated during the transient-simulation period (1915&ndash;2005), reaching a maximum rate of about 400,000 acre-ft/yr in 1951. Groundwater pumpage resulted in simulated hydraulic heads declining by more than 150 feet (ft) compared to 1915 conditions in agricultural areas. The decline in hydraulic head in the groundwater basin is the result of this depletion of groundwater storage. In turn, the simulated decline in hydraulic head in the groundwater basin has resulted in the decrease in natural discharge from the basin and has caused compaction of aquitards, resulting in land subsidence. The areal distribution of total simulated land subsidence for 2005, after about 90 years of groundwater development, indicates that land subsidence occurred throughout almost the entire Lancaster subbasin, with a maximum of about 9.4 ft in the central and eastern parts of the subbasin.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>An important objective of this study was to systematically address the uncertainty in estimates of natural recharge and related aquifer parameters by using the groundwater-flow and land-subsidence model with observational data and expert knowledge. After the model was calibrated to the observations and a reasonable parameter set obtained, the parameter null space&mdash;parameter values that do not appreciably affect the model calibration but may have importance for prediction&mdash;was identified. The effect of parameter uncertainty on the estimation of mountain-front recharge was addressed using the Null-Space Monte Carlo method. The Pareto trade-off method of visualizing uncertainty was also used to portray the reasonableness of larger natural-recharge rates. Results indicate that the total mountain-front recharge likely ranges between 28,000 and 44,000 acre-ft/yr, which is appreciably less than published estimates of 60,000 acre-ft/yr. Additionally, expected errors associated with agricultural pumpage estimates used in this study were found to have relatively little effect on the estimates of mountain-front recharge, reflecting the difficulty in increasing recharge through manipulation of other components of the water budget.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The calibrated model was used to simulate the response of the aquifer to potential future pumping scenarios: (1) no change in the distribution of pumpage, or status quo; (2) redistribution of pumpage; and (3) artificial recharge. All three of these scenarios specify a total pumpage throughout the Antelope Valley of 110,000 acre-ft/yr according to the safe yield value ruled by the Los Angeles County Superior Court of California. This reduction in groundwater pumpage is assumed uniform throughout the basin, based on a 10-percent reduction of the total pumpage in 2005 to achieve the 110,000 acre-ft/yr level. The calibrated Antelope Valley groundwater-flow and land-subsidence model was used to simulate the hydrologic effects of the three groundwater-management scenarios during a 50-year period by using the reduced, temporally constant, pumpage distribution.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Results from the first scenario indicated that the total drawdown observed since predevelopment would continue, with values exceeding 325 ft near Palmdale; consequently, land subsidence would also continue, with additional subsidence (since 2005) exceeding 3 ft in the central part of the Lancaster subbasin. The second scenario evaluated redistributing pumpage from areas in the Lancaster subbasin where simulated hydraulic-head declines were the greatest to areas where declines were smallest. Neither a formal optimization algorithm nor water-rights allocations were considered when redistributing the pumpage. Results indicated that hydraulic heads near Palmdale, where the pumpage was reduced, would recover by about 200 ft compared to 2005 conditions, with only 30 ft of additional drawdown in the northwestern part of the Lancaster subbasin, where the pumpage was increased. The magnitude of the simulated additional land subsidence decreased slightly compared to the first, status quo, scenario but land subsidence continued to be simulated throughout most of the northern part of the Lancaster subbasin. The third scenario consisted of two artificial-recharge simulations along the Upper Amargosa Creek channel and at a site located north of Antelope Buttes. Results indicate that applying artificial recharge at these sites would yield continued drawdowns and associated land subsidence. However, the magnitudes of drawdown and subsidence would be smaller than those simulated in the status quo scenario, indicating that artificial-recharge operations in the Antelope Valley could be expected to reduce the magnitude and extent of continued water-level declines and associated land subsidence.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145166","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Los Angeles County Department of Public Works, Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency, Palmdale Water District, and Edwards Air Force Base","usgsCitation":"Siade, A.J., Nishikawa, T., Rewis, D.L., Martin, P., and Phillips, S.P., 2014, Groundwater-flow and land-subsidence model of Antelope Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5166, Report: xiv, 138 p.; 5 Appendix Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145166.","productDescription":"Report: xiv, 138 p.; 5 Appendix Tables","numberOfPages":"154","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-023623","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145166.jpg"},{"id":295798,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5166/pdf/sir2014-5166.pdf","size":"13.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":295799,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5166/downloads/sir2014-5166_appendix_2_table_1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2 Table 1","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":295800,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5166/downloads/sir2014-5166_appendix_3_table_1_and_2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 3 Tables 1 and 2","size":"259 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":295801,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5166/downloads/sir2014-5166_appendix_4_table_1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 4 Table 1","size":"222 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":295802,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5166/downloads/sir2014-5166_appendix_7_table_1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 7 Table 1","size":"238 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":295803,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5166/downloads/sir2014-5166_appendixtables.xlsx","text":"Appendix Tables","size":"1.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":295777,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5166/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Antelope Valley","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5454968ee4b0dc7793747c72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Siade, Adam J. asiade@usgs.gov","contributorId":1533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siade","given":"Adam","email":"asiade@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nishikawa, Tracy 0000-0002-7348-3838 tnish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-3838","contributorId":1515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishikawa","given":"Tracy","email":"tnish@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rewis, Diane L. dlrewis@usgs.gov","contributorId":1511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rewis","given":"Diane","email":"dlrewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phillips, Steven P. 0000-0002-5107-868X sphillip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5107-868X","contributorId":1506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Steven","email":"sphillip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70132432,"text":"sir20145183 - 2014 - A geologic and mineral exploration spatial database for the Stillwater Complex, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-11-06T09:29:40","indexId":"sir20145183","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-31T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5183","title":"A geologic and mineral exploration spatial database for the Stillwater Complex, Montana","docAbstract":"<p>The Stillwater Complex is a Neoarchean, ultramafic to mafic layered intrusion exposed in the Beartooth Mountains in south-central Montana. This igneous intrusion contains magmatic mineralization that is variably enriched in strategic and critical commodities such as chromium, nickel, and the platinum-group elements. One deposit, the J-M Reef, is the sole source of primary production and reserves for platinum-group elements in the United States.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>A large amount of information has been collected on the Stillwater Complex. In the 1930s, academics, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the [U.S.] Bureau of Mines initiated geologic investigations on the Stillwater Complex. Since that time, more than 600 publications on the Stillwater Complex have appeared in the scientific literature. Exploration and mining companies have collected even more information since the 1920s.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>This report provides essential spatially referenced datasets based on geologic mapping and mineral exploration activities conducted from the 1920s to the 1990s. This information will facilitate research on the complex and provide background material needed to explore for mineral resources and to develop sound land-management policy.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145183","usgsCitation":"Zientek, M.L., and Parks, H.L., 2014, A geologic and mineral exploration spatial database for the Stillwater Complex, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5183, Report: vii, 28 p.; Spatial database, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145183.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 28 p.; Spatial database","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055735","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145183.jpg"},{"id":295780,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5183/"},{"id":295806,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5183/pdf/sir2014-5183_report.pdf","size":"4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":295807,"rank":3,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5183/downloads/SIR_2014_5183.zip","text":"Spatial database","size":"7.3 MB"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Stillwater Complex","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54549688e4b0dc7793747c58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zientek, Michael L. 0000-0002-8522-9626 mzientek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-9626","contributorId":2420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zientek","given":"Michael","email":"mzientek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parks, Heather L. 0000-0002-5917-6866 hparks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5917-6866","contributorId":4989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parks","given":"Heather","email":"hparks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70128580,"text":"ds842 - 2014 - Database for the geologic map of upper Eocene to Holocene volcanic and related rocks in the Cascade Range, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T13:39:41","indexId":"ds842","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-31T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"842","title":"Database for the geologic map of upper Eocene to Holocene volcanic and related rocks in the Cascade Range, Washington","docAbstract":"<p>This geospatial database for a geologic map of the Cascades Range in Washington state is one of a series of maps that shows Cascade Range geology by fitting published and unpublished mapping into a province-wide scheme of lithostratigraphic units. Geologic maps of the Eocene to Holocene Cascade Range in California and Oregon complete the series, providing a comprehensive geologic map of the entire Cascade Range that incorporates modern field studies and that has a unified and internally consistent explanantion. The complete series will be useful for regional studies of volcanic hazards, volcanology, and tectonics.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Originally a project supported by the Geothermal Research Program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the maps emphasize Quaternary volcanic rocks, because large igneous-related hydrothermal systems that have high temperatures are associated with Quaternary volcanic fields. Rocks older than a few million years are also included on the maps as they help to unravel geologic puzzles of the present-day Cascade Range. The deeply eroded older volcanoes found in the Western Cascades physiographic subprovince are analogues of today's snow-covered shield volcanoes and stratovolcanoes. The fossil hydrothermal systems of the Eocene to Pliocene vents now exposed provide clues to processes active today beneath the Pleistocene and Holocene volcanic peaks along the present-day crest of the Cascade Range. Study of these older rocks can aid in developing models of geothermal systems. These rocks also give insight into the origins of volcanic-hosted mineral deposits and even to future volcanic hazards.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>This digital database contains information used to produce the geologic map published as Sheet 1 in U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-2005. (Sheet 2 of Map I-2005 shows sources of geologic data used in the compilation and is available separately). Sheet 1 of Map I-2005 shows the distribution and relations of volcanic and related rock units in the Cascade Range of Washington at a scale of 1:500,000. This digital release is produced from stable materials originally compiled at 1:250,000 scale that were used to publish Sheet 1. The database therefore contains more detailed geologic information than is portrayed on Sheet 1. This is most noticeable in the database as expanded polygons of surficial units and the presence of additional strands of concealed faults. No stable compilation materials exist for Sheet 1 at 1:500,000 scale. The main component of this digital release is a spatial database prepared using geographic information systems (GIS) applications. This release also contains links to files to view or print the map sheet, main report text, and accompanying mapping reference sheet from Map I-2005. For more information on volcanoes in the Cascade Range in Washington, Oregon, or California, please refer to the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program website.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds842","usgsCitation":"Barron, A.D., Ramsey, D.W., and Smith, J.G., 2014, Database for the geologic map of upper Eocene to Holocene volcanic and related rocks in the Cascade Range, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 842, Report: HTML Document; Readme; Metadata; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds842.","productDescription":"Report: HTML Document; Readme; Metadata; Database","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048871","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295795,"rank":4,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds842.JPG"},{"id":295785,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0842/downloads/ds842_index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":295786,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0842/downloads/ds842_README.txt","size":"2 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":295775,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0842/"},{"id":295787,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0842/downloads/ds842_metadata-geo.txt","size":"27 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":295788,"rank":6,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0842/downloads/DS-842/ds842.zip","size":"18.2 MB"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5454968de4b0dc7793747c62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, Andrew D.","contributorId":28628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":522818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramsey, David W. 0000-0003-1698-2523 dramsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-2523","contributorId":3819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"David","email":"dramsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, James G.","contributorId":127003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address:  TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":522819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70148350,"text":"70148350 - 2014 - Optimally managing water resources in large river basins for an uncertain future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-29T11:16:24","indexId":"70148350","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Optimally managing water resources in large river basins for an uncertain future","docAbstract":"<p>Managers of large river basins face conflicting needs for water resources such as wildlife habitat, water supply, wastewater assimilative capacity, flood control, hydroelectricity, and recreation. The Savannah River Basin for example, has experienced three major droughts since 2000 that resulted in record low water levels in its reservoirs, impacting local economies for years. The Savannah River Basin&rsquo;s coastal area contains municipal water intakes and the ecologically sensitive freshwater tidal marshes of the Savannah National Wildlife Refuge. The Port of Savannah is the fourth busiest in the United States, and modifications to the harbor have caused saltwater to migrate upstream, reducing the freshwater marsh&rsquo;s acreage more than 50 percent since the 1970s. There is a planned deepening of the harbor that includes flow-alteration features to minimize further migration of salinity. The effectiveness of the flow-alteration features will only be known after they are constructed.</p>\n<p>One of the challenges of basin management is the optimization of water use through ongoing regional economic development, droughts, and climate change. This paper describes a model of the Savannah River Basin designed to continuously optimize regulated flow to meet prioritized objectives set by resource managers and stakeholders. The model was developed from historical data by using machine learning, making it more accurate and adaptable to changing conditions than traditional models. The model is coupled to an optimization routine that computes the daily flow needed to most efficiently meet the water-resource management objectives. The model and optimization routine are packaged in a decision support system that makes it easy for managers and stakeholders to use. Simulation results show that flow can be regulated to substantially reduce salinity intrusions in the Savannah National Wildlife Refuge while conserving more water in the reservoirs. A method for using the model to assess the effectiveness of the flow-alteration features after the deepening also is demonstrated.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2014 South Carolina Water Resources Conference","conferenceTitle":"2014 South Carolina Water Resources Conference","conferenceDate":"October 15-16, 2014","conferenceLocation":"Columbia, SC","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Roehl, E.A., and Conrads, P., 2014, Optimally managing water resources in large river basins for an uncertain future, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 2014 South Carolina Water Resources Conference, Columbia, SC, October 15-16, 2014, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065989","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300919,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":300918,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/scwrc/2014/2014policy/3/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"lower Savannah River, Savannah National Wildlife Refuge, Savannah River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.90057373046875,\n              32.0383483283312\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.9033203125,\n              32.02146689475617\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.02005004882812,\n              32.088392208449804\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.05369567871094,\n              32.07850198496867\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.07635498046875,\n              32.07850198496867\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.12579345703125,\n              32.10758782193262\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.15669250488281,\n              32.156431175120495\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.15669250488281,\n              32.22151494505975\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.18175506591797,\n              32.25491040237429\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.13849639892578,\n              32.33123819794542\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.11858367919922,\n              32.32427558887655\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.11858367919922,\n              32.28568142693891\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.14433288574219,\n              32.21919132617101\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.11686706542967,\n              32.19537080888963\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.1117172241211,\n              32.149455154523984\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.07086181640625,\n              32.09799051942507\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.00288391113281,\n              32.103225536729\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.90057373046875,\n              32.0383483283312\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55698dede4b0d9246a9f64af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roehl, Edwin A. Jr.","contributorId":108083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roehl","given":"Edwin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70141779,"text":"70141779 - 2014 - Influence of fuels, weather and the built environment on the exposure of property to wildfire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-20T16:17:06","indexId":"70141779","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of fuels, weather and the built environment on the exposure of property to wildfire","docAbstract":"<p><span>Wildfires can pose a significant risk to people and property. Billions of dollars are spent investing in fire management actions in an attempt to reduce the risk of loss. One of the key areas where money is spent is through fuel treatment &ndash; either fuel reduction (prescribed fire) or fuel removal (fuel breaks). Individual treatments can influence fire size and the maximum distance travelled from the ignition and presumably risk, but few studies have examined the landscape level effectiveness of these treatments. Here we use a Bayesian Network model to examine the relative influence of the built and natural environment, weather, fuel and fuel treatments in determining the risk posed from wildfire to the wildland-urban interface. Fire size and distance travelled was influenced most strongly by weather, with exposure to fires most sensitive to changes in the built environment and fire parameters. Natural environment variables and fuel load all had minor influences on fire size, distance travelled and exposure of assets. These results suggest that management of fuels provided minimal reductions in risk to assets and adequate planning of the changes in the built environment to cope with the expansion of human populations is going to be vital for managing risk from fire under future climates.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS One","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0111414","usgsCitation":"Penman, T.D., Collins, L.S., Syphard, A.D., Keeley, J.E., and Bradstock, R.A., 2014, Influence of fuels, weather and the built environment on the exposure of property to wildfire: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 10, e111414; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111414.","productDescription":"e111414; 9 p.","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056457","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111414","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":298077,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54e868bee4b02d776a67c5c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Penman, Trent D.","contributorId":139403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Penman","given":"Trent","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12769,"text":"Centre for Environmental Rist Management of Bushfires, U of Wollongong, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collins, Luke S.","contributorId":76108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Luke","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Syphard, Alexandra D.","contributorId":8977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Syphard","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bradstock, Ross A.","contributorId":42826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradstock","given":"Ross","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70138823,"text":"70138823 - 2014 - Using vertical Fourier transforms to invert potential-field data to magnetization or density models in the presence of topography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-03T16:30:57","indexId":"70138823","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using vertical Fourier transforms to invert potential-field data to magnetization or density models in the presence of topography","docAbstract":"<p><span>A physical property inversion approach based on the use of 3D (or 2D) Fourier transforms to calculate the potential-field within a 3D (or 2D) volume from a known physical property distribution within the volume is described. Topographic surfaces and observations at arbitrary locations are easily accommodated. The limitations of the approach and applications to real data are considered.</span><span></span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2014 Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2014 SEG Annual Meeting","conferenceDate":"October 26-31, 2014","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/segam2014-0226.1","usgsCitation":"Phillips, J., 2014, Using vertical Fourier transforms to invert potential-field data to magnetization or density models in the presence of topography, <i>in</i> Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2014 Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, Denver, CO, October 26-31, 2014, p. 1339-1343, https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2014-0226.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1339","endPage":"1343","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055541","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562f4ebce4b093cee780a2b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, Jeffrey 0000-0002-6459-2821 jeff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6459-2821","contributorId":127453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeff@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70129749,"text":"ds889 - 2014 - Maps and geospatial data for the Shorty’s Island and Myrtle Bend substrate enhancement pilot projects, Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, Idaho, 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-11-06T09:11:11","indexId":"ds889","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-30T08:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"889","title":"Maps and geospatial data for the Shorty’s Island and Myrtle Bend substrate enhancement pilot projects, Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, Idaho, 2014","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Idaho Department of Fish and Game, conducted a study to characterize the physical habitat occupied by Kootenai River white sturgeon during spawning and early-life phases. The objective was to gain a better understanding of spawning behavior, site selection, and type of habitat used during egg incubation in two sub-reaches of the Kootenai River. Habitat characterizations generated by this study will assist in the design of a substrate enhancement pilot project.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>This report presents the methods used to develop georeferenced portable document format maps and geospatial data that describe spawning locations and physical habitat characteristics (including egg mat locations, bathymetry, surficial sediment facies, and streamflow velocity) within the substrate enhancement pilot project study area. The results are presented as two maps illustrating the physical habitat characteristics along with proposed habitat enhancement areas, aerial imagery, and hydrography. The results of this study will assist researchers, policy makers, and management agencies in deciding the spatial location and extent of the substrate enhancement pilot project.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds889","issn":"2327-638X","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Idaho Department of Fish and Game","usgsCitation":"Fosness, R.L., 2014, Maps and geospatial data for the Shorty’s Island and Myrtle Bend substrate enhancement pilot projects, Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, Idaho, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 889, Report: iv, 9 p.; 2 Plates: 22.75 x 29.0 inches; GIS Datasets, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds889.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 9 p.; 2 Plates: 22.75 x 29.0 inches; GIS Datasets","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-056774","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295796,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds889.PNG"},{"id":295756,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0889/"},{"id":295763,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0889/ds889_gis.html"},{"id":295764,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0889/pdf/ds889.pdf","size":"565 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":295759,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0889/downloads/ds889_plate1.pdf","size":"19.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":295760,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0889/downloads/ds889_plate2.pdf","size":"16.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"1500","projection":"Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Kootenai River, Myrtle Bend, Shorty's Island","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5454a49ae4b0dc7793747c82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fosness, Ryan L. 0000-0003-4089-2704 rfosness@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4089-2704","contributorId":2703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fosness","given":"Ryan","email":"rfosness@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70114625,"text":"ds865 - 2014 - Groundwater-quality data in the North San Francisco Bay Shallow Aquifer study unit, 2012: results from the California GAMA Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-11-07T09:59:51","indexId":"ds865","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-30T08:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"865","title":"Groundwater-quality data in the North San Francisco Bay Shallow Aquifer study unit, 2012: results from the California GAMA Program","docAbstract":"<p>Groundwater quality in the 1,850-square-mile North San Francisco Bay Shallow Aquifer (NSF-SA) study unit was investigated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) from April to August 2012, as part of the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program&rsquo;s Priority Basin Project (PBP). The GAMA-PBP was developed in response to the California Groundwater Quality Monitoring Act of 2001 and is being conducted in collaboration with the SWRCB and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The NSF-SA study unit was the first study unit to be sampled as part of the second phase of the GAMA-PBP, which focuses on the shallow aquifer system.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The GAMA NSF-SA study was designed to provide a spatially unbiased assessment of untreated-groundwater quality in the shallow aquifer systems and to facilitate statistically consistent comparisons of untreated-groundwater quality throughout California. The shallow aquifer system in the NSF-SA study unit was defined as the part of the aquifer system that is used by many private domestic wells and is shallower than the primary aquifer system used by many public-supply wells.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>In the NSF-SA study unit located in Marin, Mendocino, Napa, Solano, and Sonoma Counties, groundwater samples were collected from 71 wells. Seventy of the wells were selected by using a spatially distributed, randomized grid-based method to provide statistical representation of the study unit (grid wells), and one well was selected to aid in evaluation of water-quality issues (understanding well).</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The groundwater samples were analyzed for organic constituents (volatile organic compounds [VOCs], pesticides, and pesticide degradates); constituents of special interest (perchlorate and 1,2,3-trichloropropane [1,2,3-TCP]); naturally occurring inorganic constituents (trace elements, nutrients, major and minor ions, silica, and total dissolved solids [TDS]); and radioactive constituents (radon-222 and gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity). Naturally occurring isotopes (stable isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, boron, strontium, and inorganic carbon in water, tritium activities, and carbon-14 abundances) were measured to help identify the sources and ages of the sampled groundwater. In total, 207 constituents and water-quality indicators were measured.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Three types of quality-control samples (blanks, replicates, and matrix spikes) were collected at up to 13 percent of the wells in the NSF-SA study unit, and the results for these samples were used to evaluate the quality of the data for the groundwater samples. Blanks rarely contained detectable concentrations of any constituent, suggesting that contamination from sample-collection procedures was not a significant source of bias in the data for the groundwater samples. Replicate samples generally were within the limits of acceptable analytical reproducibility. Matrix-spike recoveries were within the acceptable range (70 to 130 percent) for approximately 91 percent of the compounds.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Most of the wells sampled for this study were private domestic wells. Private domestic wells are not regulated in California, and groundwater from these wells is rarely analyzed for water-quality constituents. Although regulatory benchmarks for drinking-water quality do not apply to private domestic wells, to provide some context for the results, concentrations of constituents measured in the untreated groundwater were compared with regulatory and non-regulatory health-based benchmarks established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and California Department of Public Health (CDPH), to non-regulatory health-based benchmarks established by the USGS in cooperation with the USEPA, and to non-regulatory benchmarks established for aesthetic concerns by the CDPH. Comparisons between data collected for this study and benchmarks for drinking water are for illustrative purposes only and are not indicative of compliance or non-compliance with those benchmarks. Most of the organic and inorganic constituents that were detected in groundwater samples from the 70 grid wells in the NSF-SA study unit were detected at concentrations less than drinking-water benchmarks.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Of the 149 organic and special-interest constituents analyzed for in groundwater samples, 31 were detected; concentrations of most detected constituents were less than regulatory and non-regulatory health-based benchmarks. One VOC, benzene, and one insecticide, dieldrin, were detected at concentrations above their respective health-based benchmarks. In total, VOCs were detected in 40 percent of the grid wells sampled, pesticides and pesticide degradates were detected in 13 percent, and perchlorate was detected in 27 percent of the 70 grid wells sampled.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Groundwater samples from 70 grid wells were analyzed for trace elements, major and minor ions, nutrients, and radioactive constituents; most detected concentrations were less than health-based benchmarks. Exceptions are 12 detections of manganese greater than the USGS Health-Based Screening Level (HBSL), 7 detections of arsenic greater than the USEPA maximum contaminant level (MCL-US) of 10 micrograms per liter (&mu;g/L), 2 detections of boron greater than the HBSL of 6,000 &mu;g/L, 2 detections of fluoride greater than the CDPH maximum contaminant level (MCL-CA) of 2 milligrams per liter (mg/L), 2 detections of nitrate greater than the MCL-US of 10 mg/L, and two detections of radon-222 greater than the proposed MCL-US of 4,000 picocuries per liter.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Results for constituents with non-regulatory benchmarks set for aesthetic concerns from the grid wells showed that iron concentrations greater than the CDPH secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL-CA) of 300 &mu;g/L were detected in 13 grid wells. Chloride was detected at a concentration greater than the SMCL-CA recommended benchmark of 250 mg/L in two grid wells. Sulfate concentrations greater than the SMCL-CA recommended benchmark of 250 mg/L were measured in two grid wells, and the concentration in one of these wells was also greater than the SMCL-CA upper benchmark of 500 mg/L. TDS concentrations greater than the SMCL-CA recommended benchmark of 500 mg/L were measured in 15 grid wells, and concentrations in 4 of these wells were also greater than the SMCL-CA upper benchmark of 1,000 mg/L.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds865","collaboration":"A product of the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board.","usgsCitation":"Bennett, G.L., and Fram, M.S., 2014, Groundwater-quality data in the North San Francisco Bay Shallow Aquifer study unit, 2012: results from the California GAMA Program: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 865, x, 94 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds865.","productDescription":"x, 94 p.","numberOfPages":"108","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-050639","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295916,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds865.jpg"},{"id":295765,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0865/pdf/ds865.pdf","size":"4.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":295758,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0865/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay Shallow Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.04687499999999,\n              38.18638677411551\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.464599609375,\n              37.97018468810549\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.95922851562501,\n              38.03078569382294\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.03613281249999,\n              38.35888785866677\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.51953124999999,\n              38.79690830348427\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.947998046875,\n              38.93377552819722\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.23364257812499,\n              38.762650338334154\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.277587890625,\n              38.39333888832238\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.04687499999999,\n              38.18638677411551\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"545c9bb5e4b0ba8303f709ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, George L. V 0000-0002-6239-1604 georbenn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6239-1604","contributorId":1373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"George","suffix":"V","email":"georbenn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fram, Miranda S. 0000-0002-6337-059X mfram@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-059X","contributorId":1156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fram","given":"Miranda","email":"mfram@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70189097,"text":"70189097 - 2014 - Spectral properties of Ca-sulfates: Gypsum, bassanite, and anhydrite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T15:00:26","indexId":"70189097","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spectral properties of Ca-sulfates: Gypsum, bassanite, and anhydrite","docAbstract":"<p><span>This study of the spectral properties of Ca-sulfates was initiated to support remote detection of these minerals on Mars. Gypsum, bassanite, and anhydrite are the currently known forms of Ca-sulfates. They are typically found in sedimentary evaporites on Earth, but can also form via reaction of acidic fluids associated with volcanic activity. Reflectance, emission, transmittance, and Raman spectra are discussed here for various sample forms. Gypsum and bassanite spectra exhibit characteristic and distinct triplet bands near 1.4–1.5 μm, a strong band near 1.93–1.94 μm, and multiple features near 2.1–2.3 μm attributed to H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O. Anhydrite, bassanite, and gypsum all have SO</span><sub>4</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>combination and overtone features from 4.2–5 μm that are present in reflectance spectra. The mid-IR region spectra exhibit strong SO</span><sub>4</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>ν</span><sub>3</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and ν</span><sub>4</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>vibrational bands near 1150–1200 and 600–680 cm</span><sup>−1</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(~8.5 and 16 μm), respectively. Additional weaker features are observed near 1005–1015 cm</span><sup>−1</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(~10 μm) for ν</span><sub>1</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and near 470–510 cm</span><sup>−1</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(~20 μm) for ν</span><sub>2</sub><span>. The mid-IR H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O bending vibration occurs near 1623–1630 cm</span><sup>−1</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(~6.2 μm). The visible/near-infrared region spectra are brighter for the finer-grained samples. In reflectance and emission spectra of the mid-IR region the ν</span><sub>4</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>bands begin to invert for the finer-grained samples, and the ν</span><sub>1</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>vibration occurs as a band instead of a peak and has the strongest intensity for the finer-grained samples. The ν</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>vibration is a sharp band for anhydrite and a broad peak for gypsum. The band center of the ν</span><sub>1</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>vibration follows a trend of decreasing frequency (increasing wavelength) with increasing hydration of the sample in the transmittance, Raman, and reflectance spectra. Anhydrite forms at elevated temperatures compared to gypsum, and at lower temperature, salt concentration, and pH than bassanite. The relative humidity controls whether bassanite or gypsum is stable. Thus, distinguishing among gypsum, bassanite, and anhydrite via remote sensing can provide constraints on the geochemical environment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Society of America","doi":"10.2138/am-2014-4756","usgsCitation":"Bishop, J.L., Lane, M.D., Dyar, M.D., King, S.J., Brown, A.J., and Swayze, G.A., 2014, Spectral properties of Ca-sulfates: Gypsum, bassanite, and anhydrite: American Mineralogist, v. 99, no. 10, p. 2105-2115, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2014-4756.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"2105","endPage":"2115","ipdsId":"IP-053213","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343161,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611bee4b0d1f9f0506793","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bishop, Janice L.","contributorId":193993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bishop","given":"Janice","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane, Melissa D.","contributorId":193994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lane","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dyar, M. Darby","contributorId":193995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyar","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Darby","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"King, Sara J.","contributorId":193996,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, Adrian J.","contributorId":193997,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Adrian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Swayze, Gregg A. 0000-0002-1814-7823 gswayze@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"Gregg","email":"gswayze@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70131481,"text":"70131481 - 2014 - Dual-domain mass-transfer parameters from electrical hysteresis: Theory and analytical approach applied to laboratory, synthetic streambed, and groundwater experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-05T11:58:18.201575","indexId":"70131481","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dual-domain mass-transfer parameters from electrical hysteresis: Theory and analytical approach applied to laboratory, synthetic streambed, and groundwater experiments","docAbstract":"<p><span>Models of dual‐domain mass transfer (DDMT) are used to explain anomalous aquifer transport behavior such as the slow release of contamination and solute tracer tailing. Traditional tracer experiments to characterize DDMT are performed at the flow path scale (meters), which inherently incorporates heterogeneous exchange processes; hence, estimated “effective” parameters are sensitive to experimental design (i.e., duration and injection velocity). Recently, electrical geophysical methods have been used to aid in the inference of DDMT parameters because, unlike traditional fluid sampling, electrical methods can directly sense less‐mobile solute dynamics and can target specific points along subsurface flow paths. Here we propose an analytical framework for graphical parameter inference based on a simple petrophysical model explaining the hysteretic relation between measurements of bulk and fluid conductivity arising in the presence of DDMT at the local scale. Analysis is graphical and involves visual inspection of hysteresis patterns to (1) determine the size of paired mobile and less‐mobile porosities and (2) identify the exchange rate coefficient through simple curve fitting. We demonstrate the approach using laboratory column experimental data, synthetic streambed experimental data, and field tracer‐test data. Results from the analytical approach compare favorably with results from calibration of numerical models and also independent measurements of mobile and less‐mobile porosity. We show that localized electrical hysteresis patterns resulting from diffusive exchange are independent of injection velocity, indicating that repeatable parameters can be extracted under varied experimental designs, and these parameters represent the true intrinsic properties of specific volumes of porous media of aquifers and hyporheic zones.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2014WR015880","usgsCitation":"Briggs, M.A., Day-Lewis, F.D., Ong, J.B., Harvey, J.W., and Lane, J.W., 2014, Dual-domain mass-transfer parameters from electrical hysteresis: Theory and analytical approach applied to laboratory, synthetic streambed, and groundwater experiments: Water Resources Research, v. 50, no. 10, p. 8281-8299, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR015880.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"8281","endPage":"8299","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059884","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014wr015880","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296079,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5465d632e4b04d4b7dbd65c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":4114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":521236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":521237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ong, John B. jbong@usgs.gov","contributorId":5190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ong","given":"John","email":"jbong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":521238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harvey, Judson W. 0000-0002-2654-9873 jwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":1796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","email":"jwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":521239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. jwlane@usgs.gov","contributorId":1738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":521240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70148017,"text":"70148017 - 2014 - Lessons from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill: A biological perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-14T13:24:59","indexId":"70148017","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Lessons from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill: A biological perspective","docAbstract":"<p><span>On March 24, 1989, the tanker vessel Exxon Valdez altered its course to avoid floating ice, and ran aground on Bligh Reef in northeastern Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska (Figure 1). The tanker was carrying about 53 million gallons of Prudhoe Bay crude, a heavy oil, and an estimated 11 million gallons spilled (264,000 barrels or about 42 million liters) in what was, prior to the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) spill of 2010, the largest accidental release of oil into U.S. waters (Morris and Loughlin 1994; Spies et al. 1996; Shigenaka 2014). Following the Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS), a broad range of studies was implemented and 25 years later, monitoring and research efforts to understand the long-term impacts of the spill continue, although now at a lesser intensity. The Exxon Valdez and DWH spills differed in many ways (Plater 2010; Atlas and Hazen 2011; Sylves and Comfort 2012), but there are also similarities, and lessons from the EVOS experience may offer valuable insights as research efforts proceed in the wake of the DWH spill. Here we provide an overview of the EVOS, summarize key findings from several long-term biological research programs, and conclude with some considerations of lessons learned after two and a half decades of study.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Impacts of Oil Spill Disasters on Marine Habitats and Fisheries in North America","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","usgsCitation":"Ballachey, B.E., Bodkin, J.L., Esler, D., and Rice, S.D., 2014, Lessons from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill: A biological perspective, chap. <i>of</i> Impacts of Oil Spill Disasters on Marine Habitats and Fisheries in North America, p. 181-197.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"197","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056328","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310693,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":354115,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781466557215/chapters/10.1201%2Fb17633-12"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150.40283203125,\n              61.33353967329142\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.513671875,\n              59.94400716933027\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.21484375,\n              55.29162848682989\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.74169921875,\n              55.71473455012692\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.92822265624997,\n              56.668302075770036\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.8623046875,\n              56.9569571133683\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.01708984375,\n              59.16466752496466\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.6884765625,\n              61.37567331572747\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.40283203125,\n              61.33353967329142\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5630a03de4b093cee7820410","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ballachey, Brenda E. 0000-0003-1855-9171 bballachey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-9171","contributorId":2966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballachey","given":"Brenda","email":"bballachey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rice, Stanley D.","contributorId":38484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70176470,"text":"70176470 - 2014 - The potential for sea-level-rise-induced barrier island loss: Insights from the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-16T13:49:36","indexId":"70176470","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The potential for sea-level-rise-induced barrier island loss: Insights from the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>As sea level rises and hurricanes become more intense, barrier islands around the world become increasingly vulnerable to conversion from self-sustaining migrating landforms to submerging or subaqueous sand bodies. To explore the mechanism by which such state changes occur and to assess the factors leading to island disintegration, we develop a suite of numerical simulations for the Chandeleur Islands in Louisiana, U.S.A., which appear to be on the verge of this transition. Our results suggest that the Chandeleurs are likely poised to change state, leading to their demise, within decades depending on future storm history. Contributing factors include high rates of relative sea level rise, limited sediment supply, muddy substrate, current island position relative to former Mississippi River distributary channels, and the effects of changes in island morphology on sediment transport pathways. Although deltaic barrier islands are most sensitive to disintegration because of their muddy substrate, the importance of relative sea level rise rate in determining the timing of threshold crossing suggests that the conceptual models for deltaic barrier island formation and disintegration may apply more broadly in the future.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2014.05.022","usgsCitation":"Moore, L.J., Patsch, K., List, J., and Williams, S.J., 2014, The potential for sea-level-rise-induced barrier island loss: Insights from the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana, USA: Marine Geology, v. 355, p. 244-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2014.05.022.","startPage":"244","endPage":"259","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-033509","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328688,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"North Chandeleur Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89,\n              29.866667\n            ],\n            [\n              -89,\n              29.966667\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.35,\n              29.966667\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.35,\n              29.866667\n            ],\n            [\n              -89,\n              29.866667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"355","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7efd6e4b0bc0bec09f39e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Laura J.","contributorId":39452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patsch, Kiki","contributorId":174649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patsch","given":"Kiki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13014,"text":"Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"List, Jeffrey H. jlist@usgs.gov","contributorId":127596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"Jeffrey H.","email":"jlist@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, S. Jeffress 0000-0002-1326-7420 jwilliams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-7420","contributorId":2063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"S.","email":"jwilliams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jeffress","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70123235,"text":"ofr20141185 - 2014 - Water-quality modeling of Klamath Straits Drain recirculation, a Klamath River wetland, and 2011 conditions for the Link River to Keno Dam reach of the Klamath River, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-24T15:40:24","indexId":"ofr20141185","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-24T15:34:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1185","title":"Water-quality modeling of Klamath Straits Drain recirculation, a Klamath River wetland, and 2011 conditions for the Link River to Keno Dam reach of the Klamath River, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>The upper Klamath River and adjacent Lost River are interconnected basins in south-central Oregon and northern California. Both basins have impaired water quality with Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) in progress or approved. In cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Watercourse Engineering, Inc., have conducted modeling and research to inform management of these basins for multiple purposes, including agriculture, endangered species protection, wildlife refuges, and adjacent and downstream water users. A water-quality and hydrodynamic model (CE-QUAL-W2) of the Link River to Keno Dam reach of the Klamath River for 2006–09 is one of the tools used in this work. The model can simulate stage, flow, water velocity, ice cover, water temperature, specific conductance, suspended sediment, nutrients, organic matter in bed sediment and the water column, three algal groups, three macrophyte groups, dissolved oxygen, and pH.</p>\n<br>\n<p>This report documents two model scenarios and a test of the existing model applied to year 2011, which had exceptional water quality. The first scenario examined the water-quality effects of recirculating Klamath Straits Drain flows into the Ady Canal, to conserve water and to decrease flows from the Klamath Straits Drain to the Klamath River. The second scenario explicitly incorporated a 2.73×10<sup>6</sup> m<sup>2</sup> (675 acre) off-channel connected wetland into the CE-QUAL-W2 framework, with the wetland operating from May 1 through October 31. The wetland represented a managed treatment feature to decrease organic matter loads and process nutrients. Finally, the summer of 2011 showed substantially higher dissolved-oxygen concentrations in the Link-Keno reach than in other recent years, so the Link-Keno model (originally developed for 2006–09) was run with 2011 data as a test of model parameters and rates and to develop insights regarding the reasons for the improved water-quality conditions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141185","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, A., Sogutlugil, I., Deas, M.L., and Rounds, S.A., 2014, Water-quality modeling of Klamath Straits Drain recirculation, a Klamath River wetland, and 2011 conditions for the Link River to Keno Dam reach of the Klamath River, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1185, viii, 75 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141185.","productDescription":"viii, 75 p.","numberOfPages":"88","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-056254","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141185.jpg"},{"id":295750,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1185/"},{"id":295751,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1185/pdf/ofr2014-1185.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544b5c07e4b03653c63fb1be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, Annett B. 0000-0001-7783-3906 annett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7783-3906","contributorId":79821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Annett B.","email":"annett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":499955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sogutlugil, I. Ertugrul","contributorId":23867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sogutlugil","given":"I. Ertugrul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deas, Michael L.","contributorId":61359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deas","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rounds, Stewart A. 0000-0002-8540-2206 sarounds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-2206","contributorId":905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rounds","given":"Stewart","email":"sarounds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70126760,"text":"sir20145188 - 2014 - Water quality of the Ogallala Formation, central High Plains aquifer within the North Plains Groundwater Conservation District, Texas Panhandle, 2012-13","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T12:10:20","indexId":"sir20145188","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-24T11:35:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5188","title":"Water quality of the Ogallala Formation, central High Plains aquifer within the North Plains Groundwater Conservation District, Texas Panhandle, 2012-13","docAbstract":"<p>In cooperation with the North Plains Groundwater Conservation District (NPGCD), the U.S. Geological Survey collected and analyzed water-quality samples at 30 groundwater monitor wells in the NPGCD in the Texas Panhandle. All of the wells were completed in the Ogallala Formation of the central High Plains aquifer. Samples from each well were collected during February&ndash;March 2012 and in March 2013. Depth to groundwater in feet below land surface was measured at each well before sampling to determine the water-quality sampling depths. Water-quality samples were analyzed for physical properties, major ions, nutrients, and trace metals, and 6 of the 30 samples were analyzed for pesticides. There was a strong relation between specific conductance and dissolved solids as evidenced by a coefficient of determination (<i>R<sup>2</sup></i>) value of 0.98. The dissolved-solids concentration in water from five wells exceeded the secondary drinking-water standard of 500 milligrams per liter set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Water from 3 of these 5 wells was near the north central part of the NPGCD. Nitrate values exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level of 10 milligrams per liter in 2 of the 30 wells. A sodium-adsorption ratio of 23.4 was measured in the sample collected from well Da-3589 in Dallam County, with the next largest sodium-adsorption ratio measured in the sample collected from well Da-3588 (12.5), also in Dallum County. The sodium-adsorption ratios measured in all other samples were less than 10. The groundwater was generally a mixed cation-bicarbonate plus carbonate type. Twenty-three trace elements were analyzed, and no concentrations exceeded the secondary drinking-water standard or maximum contaminant level set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for water supplies. In 2012, 6 of the 30 wells were sampled for commonly used pesticides. Atrazine and its degradate 2-Chloro-4-isopropylamino-6-amino-s-triazine were detected in two samples. Tebuthiuron was detected in one sample at a detection level below the reporting level but above the long-term method detection level. There were no detections of the glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), or glufosinate.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145188","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Plains Groundwater Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Baldys, S., Haynie, M.M., and Beussink, A.M., 2014, Water quality of the Ogallala Formation, central High Plains aquifer within the North Plains Groundwater Conservation District, Texas Panhandle, 2012-13: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5188, Report: vi, 64 p.; 2 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145188.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 64 p.; 2 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"74","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-055386","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295726,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145188.jpg"},{"id":295722,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5188/"},{"id":295723,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5188/pdf/sir2014-5188.pdf"},{"id":295724,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5188/downloads/sir2014-5188_appendix1.xls","text":"Appendix 1"},{"id":295725,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5188/downloads/sir2014-5188_appendix2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2"}],"scale":"1000000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Texas Panhandle","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544b5c06e4b03653c63fb1bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldys, Stanley sbaldys@usgs.gov","contributorId":3366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldys","given":"Stanley","email":"sbaldys@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":502167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haynie, Monti M. mhaynie@usgs.gov","contributorId":1783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haynie","given":"Monti","email":"mhaynie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":502165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beussink, Amy M. ambeussi@usgs.gov","contributorId":2191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beussink","given":"Amy","email":"ambeussi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":502166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70127554,"text":"ds887 - 2014 - EAARL-B submerged topography: Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, post-Hurricane Sandy, 2012-2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-24T10:55:21","indexId":"ds887","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-24T10:41:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"887","title":"EAARL-B submerged topography: Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, post-Hurricane Sandy, 2012-2013","docAbstract":"<p>These remotely sensed, geographically referenced elevation measurements of lidar-derived submerged topography datasets were produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, Florida.</p>\n<br>\n<p>This project provides highly detailed and accurate datasets for part of Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, acquired post-Hurricane Sandy on November 1, 5, 16, 20, and 30, 2012; December 5, 6, and 21, 2012; and January 10, 2013. The datasets are made available for use as a management tool to research scientists and natural-resource managers. An innovative airborne lidar system, known as the second-generation Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL-B), was used during data acquisition. The EAARL-B system is a raster-scanning, waveform-resolving, green-wavelength (532-nm) lidar designed to map nearshore bathymetry, topography, and vegetation structure simultaneously. The EAARL-B sensor suite includes the raster-scanning, water-penetrating full-waveform adaptive lidar, down-looking red-green-blue (RGB) and infrared (IR) digital cameras, two precision dual-frequency kinematic carrier-phase GPS receivers, and an integrated miniature digital inertial measurement unit, which provide for sub-meter georeferencing of each laser sample. The nominal EAARL-B platform is a twin-engine Cessna 310 aircraft, but the instrument may be deployed on a range of light aircraft. A single pilot, a lidar operator, and a data analyst constitute the crew for most survey operations. This sensor has the potential to make significant contributions in measuring sub-aerial and submarine coastal topography within cross-environmental surveys.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Elevation measurements were collected over the survey area using the EAARL-B system. The resulting data were then processed using the Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS), a custom-built processing system developed originally in a NASA-USGS collaboration. The exploration and processing of lidar data in an interactive or batch mode is supported using ALPS. Modules for presurvey flight-line definition, flight-path plotting, lidar raster and waveform investigation, and digital camera image playback have been developed. Processing algorithms have been developed to extract the range to the first and last significant return within each waveform. The Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS) is used routinely to create maps that represent submerged or sub-aerial topography. Specialized filtering algorithms have been implemented to determine the \"bare earth\" under vegetation from a point cloud of last return elevations.</p>\n<br>\n<p>For more information about similar projects, please visit the <a href=\"http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/lsrm/\" target=\"_blank\"> Lidar for Science and Resource Management Web site</a>.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds887","usgsCitation":"Wright, C., Troche, R.J., Kranenburg, C., Klipp, E.S., Fredericks, X., and Nagle, D.B., 2014, EAARL-B submerged topography: Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, post-Hurricane Sandy, 2012-2013: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 887, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds887.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2012-11-01","temporalEnd":"2013-01-10","ipdsId":"IP-055647","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295714,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds887.jpg"},{"id":295713,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0887/home.html"},{"id":295715,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0887/"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Barnegat Bay","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544b5c05e4b03653c63fb1b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, C. Wayne","contributorId":52097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C. Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Troche, Rodolfo J. rtroche@usgs.gov","contributorId":4304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troche","given":"Rodolfo","email":"rtroche@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kranenburg, Christine J.","contributorId":7211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kranenburg","given":"Christine J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klipp, Emily S. eklipp@usgs.gov","contributorId":2754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klipp","given":"Emily","email":"eklipp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fredericks, Xan","contributorId":73520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredericks","given":"Xan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nagle, David B. 0000-0002-2306-6147 dnagle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2306-6147","contributorId":3380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagle","given":"David","email":"dnagle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70129605,"text":"70129605 - 2014 - Measurements of HFC-134a and HCFC-22 in groundwater and unsaturated-zone air: implications for HFCs and HCFCs as dating tracers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:12:11","indexId":"70129605","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-24T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurements of HFC-134a and HCFC-22 in groundwater and unsaturated-zone air: implications for HFCs and HCFCs as dating tracers","docAbstract":"A new analytical method using gas chromatography with an atomic emission detector (GC–AED) was developed for measurement of ambient concentrations of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in soil, air, and groundwater, with the goal of determining their utility as groundwater age tracers. The analytical detection limits of HCFC-22 (difluorochloromethane, CHClF<sub>2</sub>) and HFC-134a (1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>F<sub>4</sub>) in 1 L groundwater samples are 4.3 × 10<sup>− 1</sup> and 2.1 × 10<sup>− 1</sup> pmol kg<sup>− 1</sup>, respectively, corresponding to equilibrium gas-phase mixing ratios of approximately 5–6 parts per trillion by volume (pptv). Under optimal conditions, post-1960 (HCFC-22) and post-1995 (HFC-134a) recharge could be identified using these tracers in stable, unmixed groundwater samples. Ambient concentrations of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a were measured in 50 groundwater samples from 27 locations in northern and western parts of Virginia, Tennessee, and North Carolina (USA), and 3 unsaturated-zone profiles were collected in northern Virginia. Mixing ratios of both HCFC-22 and HFC-134a decrease with depth in unsaturated-zone gas profiles with an accompanying increase in CO<sub>2</sub> and loss of O<sub>2</sub>. Apparently, ambient concentrations of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a are readily consumed by methanotrophic bacteria under aerobic conditions in the unsaturated zone. The results of this study indicate that soils are a sink for these two greenhouse gases. These observations contradict the previously reported results from microcosm experiments that found that degradation was limited above-ambient HFC-134a. The groundwater HFC and HCFC concentrations were compared with concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs, CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF<sub>6</sub>). Nearly all samples had measured HCFC-22 or HFC-134a that were below concentrations predicted by the CFCs and SF6, with many samples showing a complete loss of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a. This study indicates that HCFC-22 and HFC-134a are not conservative as environmental tracers and leaves in question the usefulness of other HCFCs and HFCs as candidate age tracers.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.07.016","usgsCitation":"Haase, K.B., Busenberg, E., Plummer, N., Casile, G., and Sanford, W.E., 2014, Measurements of HFC-134a and HCFC-22 in groundwater and unsaturated-zone air: implications for HFCs and HCFCs as dating tracers: Chemical Geology, v. 385, p. 117-128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.07.016.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"128","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-058125","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295703,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.07.016"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia","volume":"385","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544b5c05e4b03653c63fb1ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haase, Karl B. 0000-0002-6897-6494 khaase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6897-6494","contributorId":3405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haase","given":"Karl","email":"khaase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casile, Gerolamo","contributorId":69494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casile","given":"Gerolamo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sanford, Ward E. 0000-0002-6624-0280 wsanford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":2268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Ward","email":"wsanford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173743,"text":"70173743 - 2014 - Adélie penguins coping with environmental change: Results from a natural experiment at the edge of their breeding range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T13:55:34","indexId":"70173743","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3910,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","onlineIssn":"2296-701X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adélie penguins coping with environmental change: Results from a natural experiment at the edge of their breeding range","docAbstract":"<div class=\"JournalAbstract\"><p>We investigated life history responses to extreme variation in physical environmental conditions during a long-term demographic study of Adélie penguins at 3 colonies representing 9% of the world population and the full range of breeding colony sizes. Five years into the 14-year study (1997–2010) two very large icebergs (spanning 1.5 latitude degrees in length) grounded in waters adjacent to breeding colonies, dramatically altering environmental conditions during 2001–2005. This natural experiment allowed us to evaluate the relative impacts of expected long-term, but also extreme, short-term climate perturbations on important natural history parameters that can regulate populations. The icebergs presented physical barriers, not just to the penguins but to polynya formation, which profoundly increased foraging effort and movement rates, while reducing breeding propensity and productivity, especially at the smallest colony. We evaluated the effect of a variety of environmental parameters during breeding, molt, migration and wintering periods during years with and without icebergs on penguin breeding productivity, chick mass, and nesting chronology. The icebergs had far more influence on the natural history parameters of penguins than any of the other environmental variables measured, resulting in population level changes to metrics of reproductive performance, including delays in nesting chronology, depressed breeding productivity, and lower chick mass. These effects were strongest at the smallest, southern-most colony, which was most affected by alteration of the Ross Sea Polynya during years the iceberg was present. Additionally, chick mass was negatively correlated with colony size, supporting previous findings indicating density-dependent energetic constraints at the largest colony. Understanding the negative effects of the icebergs on the short-term natural history of Adélie penguins, as well as their response to long-term environmental variation, are important to our overall understanding of climate change effects in this and other species facing both rapid and persistent environmental change.</p></div><div class=\"JournalFullText\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Editorial Office","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2014.00068","usgsCitation":"Dugger, K., Ballard, G., Ainley, D.G., Lyber, P.O., and Schine, C., 2014, Adélie penguins coping with environmental change: Results from a natural experiment at the edge of their breeding range: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 2, Article 68; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2014.00068.","productDescription":"Article 68; 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-058839","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2014.00068","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica, Ross Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -204.08203125,\n              -79.6240562918881\n            ],\n            [\n              -204.08203125,\n              -73.92246884621464\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.3046875,\n              -73.92246884621464\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.3046875,\n              -79.6240562918881\n            ],\n            [\n              -204.08203125,\n              -79.6240562918881\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575941b6e4b04f417c256789","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X cdugger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":4399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"cdugger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballard, Grant","contributorId":40499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballard","given":"Grant","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ainley, David G.","contributorId":32039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ainley","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":34154,"text":"Point Reyes Bird Observatory, Stinson Beach, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyber, Phil O’B.","contributorId":7594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyber","given":"Phil","email":"","middleInitial":"O’B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schine, Casey","contributorId":171589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schine","given":"Casey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6731,"text":"Environmental Earth System Science, Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70168485,"text":"70168485 - 2014 - Latitudinal and photic effects on diel foraging and predation risk in freshwater pelagic ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T13:11:58","indexId":"70168485","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Latitudinal and photic effects on diel foraging and predation risk in freshwater pelagic ecosystems","docAbstract":"<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<p class=\"column\"><span>1. </span><span>Clark &amp; Levy </span><span>(</span><span>American Naturalist</span><span>, </span><span>131</span><span>, 1988, 271&ndash;290) described an antipredation window for smaller planktivorous fish during crepuscular periods when light permits feeding on zooplankton, but limits visual detection by piscivores. Yet, how the window is influenced by the interaction between light regime, turbidity and cloud cover over a broad latitudinal gradi- ent remains unexplored.</span></p>\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p><span>2. </span><span>We evaluated how latitudinal and seasonal shifts in diel light regimes alter the foraging- risk environment for visually feeding planktivores and piscivores across a natural range of turbidities and cloud covers. Pairing a model of aquatic visual feeding with a model of sun and moon illuminance, we estimated foraging rates of an idealized planktivore and piscivore over depth and time across factorial combinations of latitude (0</span><span>&ndash;</span><span>70</span><span>&deg;</span><span>), turbidity (0</span><span>\u0010</span><span>1</span><span>&ndash;</span><span>5 NTU) and cloud cover (clear to overcast skies) during the summer solstice and autumnal equinox. We evaluated the foraging-risk environment based on changes in the magnitude, duration and peak timing of the antipredation window. </span></p>\n<p><span>3. </span><span>The model scenarios generated up to 10-fold shifts in magnitude, 24-fold shifts in duration and 5</span><span>\u0010</span><span>5-h shifts in timing of the peak antipredation window. The size of the window increased with latitude. This pattern was strongest during the solstice. In clear water at low turbidity (0</span><span>\u0010</span><span>1</span><span>&ndash;</span><span>0</span><span>\u0010</span><span>5 NTU), peaks in the magnitude and duration of the window formed at 57</span><span>&ndash;</span><span>60</span><span>&deg; </span><span>latitude, before falling to near zero as surface waters became saturated with light under a midnight sun and clear skies at latitudes near 70</span><span>&deg;</span><span>. Overcast dampened the midnight sun enough to allow larger windows to form in clear water at high latitudes. Conversely, at turbidities </span><span>&ge;</span><span>2 NTU, greater reductions in the visual range of piscivores than planktivores created a window for long periods at high latitudes. Latitudinal dependencies were essentially lost during the equinox, indicating a progressive compression of the window from early summer into autumn. </span></p>\n<p><span>4. </span><span>Model results show that diel-seasonal foraging and predation risk in freshwater pelagic ecosystems changes considerably with latitude, turbidity and cloud cover. These changes alter the structure of pelagic predator</span><span>&ndash;</span><span>prey interactions, and in turn, the broader role of pelagic consumers in habitat coupling in lakes.&nbsp;</span></p>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>","language":"English","publisher":"University Press","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, UK","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.12295","usgsCitation":"Hansen, A., and Beauchamp, D.A., 2014, Latitudinal and photic effects on diel foraging and predation risk in freshwater pelagic ecosystems: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 84, no. 2, p. 532-544, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12295.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"532","endPage":"544","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055038","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318075,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"84","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c4564ae4b0946c65218563","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Adam G.","contributorId":103947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Adam G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beauchamp, David A. 0000-0002-3592-8381 fadave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-8381","contributorId":4205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"David","email":"fadave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70129458,"text":"70129458 - 2014 - Biological soil crusts across disturbance-recovery scenarios: effect of grazing regime on community dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-23T09:57:40","indexId":"70129458","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-23T09:49:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biological soil crusts across disturbance-recovery scenarios: effect of grazing regime on community dynamics","docAbstract":"Grazing represents one of the most common disturbances in drylands worldwide, affecting both ecosystem structure and functioning. Despite the efforts to understand the nature and magnitude of grazing effects on ecosystem components and processes, contrasting results continue to arise. This is particularly remarkable for the biological soil crust (BSC) communities (i.e., cyanobacteria, lichens, and bryophytes), which play an important role in soil dynamics. Here we evaluated simultaneously the effect of grazing impact on BSC communities (resistance) and recovery after livestock exclusion (resilience) in a semiarid grassland of Central Mexico. In particular, we examined BSC species distribution, species richness, taxonomical group cover (i.e., cyanobacteria, lichen, bryophyte), and composition along a disturbance gradient with different grazing regimes (low, medium, high impact) and along a recovery gradient with differently aged livestock exclosures (short-, medium-, long-term exclusion). Differences in grazing impact and time of recovery from grazing both resulted in slight changes in species richness; however, there were pronounced shifts in species composition and group cover. We found we could distinguish four highly diverse and dynamic BSC species groups: (1) species with high resistance and resilience to grazing, (2) species with high resistance but low resilience, (3) species with low resistance but high resilience, and (4) species with low resistance and resilience. While disturbance resulted in a novel diversity configuration, which may profoundly affect ecosystem functioning, we observed that 10 years of disturbance removal did not lead to the ecosystem structure found after 27 years of recovery. These findings are an important contribution to our understanding of BCS dynamics from a species and community perspective placed in a land use change context.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/13-1416.1","usgsCitation":"Concostrina-Zubiri, L., Huber-Sannwald, E., Martinez, I., Flores Flores, J.L., Reyes-Aguero, J.A., Escudero, A., and Belnap, J., 2014, Biological soil crusts across disturbance-recovery scenarios: effect of grazing regime on community dynamics: Ecological Applications, v. 24, no. 7, p. 1863-1877, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-1416.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1863","endPage":"1877","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-053107","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295634,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295615,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-1416.1"}],"country":"Mexico","volume":"24","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544a0a8be4b04d2014abfafe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Concostrina-Zubiri, L.","contributorId":78265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Concostrina-Zubiri","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huber-Sannwald, E.","contributorId":41255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber-Sannwald","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martinez, I.","contributorId":31696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinez","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flores Flores, J. L.","contributorId":9985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores Flores","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reyes-Aguero, J. A.","contributorId":16341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reyes-Aguero","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Escudero, A.","contributorId":45652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Escudero","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70129433,"text":"70129433 - 2014 - Adaptive management and the value of information: learning via intervention in epidemiology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-23T09:01:56","indexId":"70129433","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-22T14:05:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2979,"text":"PLoS Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adaptive management and the value of information: learning via intervention in epidemiology","docAbstract":"Optimal intervention for disease outbreaks is often impeded by severe scientific uncertainty. Adaptive management (AM), long-used in natural resource management, is a structured decision-making approach to solving dynamic problems that accounts for the value of resolving uncertainty via real-time evaluation of alternative models. We propose an AM approach to design and evaluate intervention strategies in epidemiology, using real-time surveillance to resolve model uncertainty as management proceeds, with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) culling and measles vaccination as case studies. We use simulations of alternative intervention strategies under competing models to quantify the effect of model uncertainty on decision making, in terms of the value of information, and quantify the benefit of adaptive versus static intervention strategies. Culling decisions during the 2001 UK FMD outbreak were contentious due to uncertainty about the spatial scale of transmission. The expected benefit of resolving this uncertainty prior to a new outbreak on a UK-like landscape would be £45–£60 million relative to the strategy that minimizes livestock losses averaged over alternate transmission models. AM during the outbreak would be expected to recover up to £20.1 million of this expected benefit. AM would also recommend a more conservative initial approach (culling of infected premises and dangerous contact farms) than would a fixed strategy (which would additionally require culling of contiguous premises). For optimal targeting of measles vaccination, based on an outbreak in Malawi in 2010, AM allows better distribution of resources across the affected region; its utility depends on uncertainty about both the at-risk population and logistical capacity. When daily vaccination rates are highly constrained, the optimal initial strategy is to conduct a small, quick campaign; a reduction in expected burden of approximately 10,000 cases could result if campaign targets can be updated on the basis of the true susceptible population. Formal incorporation of a policy to update future management actions in response to information gained in the course of an outbreak can change the optimal initial response and result in significant cost savings. AM provides a framework for using multiple models to facilitate public-health decision making and an objective basis for updating management actions in response to improved scientific understanding.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.1001970","usgsCitation":"Shea, K., Tildesley, M., Runge, M.C., Fonnesbeck, C.J., and Ferrari, M.J., 2014, Adaptive management and the value of information: learning via intervention in epidemiology: PLoS Biology, v. 12, no. 10, e1001970; 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001970.","productDescription":"e1001970; 11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-057442","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001970","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":295611,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295610,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001970"}],"volume":"12","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5448b909e4b0f888a81b879b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shea, Katriona","contributorId":8783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shea","given":"Katriona","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tildesley, Michael J.","contributorId":100772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tildesley","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fonnesbeck, Christopher J.","contributorId":83047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fonnesbeck","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ferrari, Matthew J.","contributorId":103205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrari","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
]}