Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Missouri, elevation data are critical for agriculture and precision farming; natural resources conservation; flood risk management; homeland security, law enforcement, and disaster response; infrastructure and construction management; water supply and quality; and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.
\nThe National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A–16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation’s natural and constructed features.
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The St. Marys River (SMR) is the northernmost channel and flows from Lake Superior to Lake Huron. Waters from the upper Great Lakes (Lakes Superior, Michigan, and Huron) empty from Lake Huron via the St. Clair–Detroit River system (SCDRS, also known as the Huron–Erie Corridor) into Lake Erie. The SCDRS is composed of the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and the Detroit River. The Niagara River (NR) serves as the outflow from Lake Erie into Lake Ontario. The NR above Niagara Falls is bisected by Grand Island and contains several other islands and man-made embayments whereas the NR below the falls is more linear. The outflow from Lake Ontario, representing the natural outlet of all the Great Lakes, is the St. Lawrence River (SLR) which empties into the Gulf of St. Lawrence in the northwest Atlantic Ocean.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2014.03.003","usgsCitation":"Roseman, E., Thompson, P., Farrell, J.M., Mandrak, N.E., and Stepien, C.A., 2014, Conservation and management of fisheries and aquatic communities in Great Lakes connecting channels: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 40, p. 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2014.03.003.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-054283","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286741,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286740,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2014.03.003"}],"country":"Canada;United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.11,41.4 ], [ -92.11,48.85 ], [ -76.3,48.85 ], [ -76.3,41.4 ], [ -92.11,41.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535f786ae4b078dca33ae34e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roseman, Edward F.","contributorId":100334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Patricia A. pathompson@usgs.gov","contributorId":5249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Patricia A.","email":"pathompson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farrell, John M.","contributorId":12368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrell","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mandrak, Nicholas E.","contributorId":65386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandrak","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stepien, Carol A.","contributorId":52875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stepien","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70101000,"text":"70101000 - 2014 - Does the timing of attainment of maturity influence sexual size dimorphism and adult sex ratio in turtles?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-21T13:35:05","indexId":"70101000","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T14:52:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1019,"text":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does the timing of attainment of maturity influence sexual size dimorphism and adult sex ratio in turtles?","docAbstract":"The attainment of sexual maturity has been shown to affect measures of sexual size dimorphism (SSD) and adult sex ratios in several groups of vertebrates. Using data for turtles, we tested the model that sex ratios are expected to be male-biased when females are larger than males and female-biased when males are larger than females because of the relationship of each with the attainment of maturity. Our model is based on the premise that the earlier-maturing sex remains smaller, on average throughout life, and predominates numerically unless the sexes are strongly affected by differential mortality, differential emigration, and immigration, or biased primary sex ratios. Based on data for 24 species in seven families, SSD and sex ratios were significantly negatively correlated for most analyses, even after the effect of phylogenetic bias was removed. The analyses provide support for the model that SSD and adult sex ratios are correlated in turtles as a result of simultaneous correlation of each with sexual differences in attainment of maturity (bimaturism). Environmental sex determination provides a possible mechanism for the phenomenon in turtles and some other organisms.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/bij.12275","usgsCitation":"Lovich, J.E., Gibbons, J., and Agha, M., 2014, Does the timing of attainment of maturity influence sexual size dimorphism and adult sex ratio in turtles?: Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, v. 112, no. 1, p. 142-149, https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12275.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"142","endPage":"149","ipdsId":"IP-054110","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12275","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":285905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285903,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bij.12275"}],"volume":"112","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517034e4b05569d805a1cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibbons, J. Whitfield","contributorId":46584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbons","given":"J. Whitfield","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Agha, Mickey","contributorId":22235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Agha","given":"Mickey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":492503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70127912,"text":"70127912 - 2014 - Risk of predation and weather events affect nest site selection by sympatric Pacific (Gavia pacifica) and Yellow-billed (Gavia adamsii) loons in Arctic habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-02T14:59:36","indexId":"70127912","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T14:48:55","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Risk of predation and weather events affect nest site selection by sympatric Pacific (Gavia pacifica) and Yellow-billed (Gavia adamsii) loons in Arctic habitats","docAbstract":"Pacific (Gavia pacifica) and Yellow-billed (G. adamsii) loons nest sympatrically in Arctic regions. These related species likely face similar constraints and requirements for nesting success; therefore, use of similar habitats and direct competition for nesting habitat is likely. Both of these loon species must select a breeding lake that provides suitable habitat for nesting and raising chicks; however, characteristics of nest site selection by either species on interior Arctic lakes remains poorly understood. Here, logistic regression was used to compare structural and habitat characteristics of all loon nest locations with random points from lakes on the interior Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska. Results suggest that both loon species select nest sites to avoid predation and exposure to waves and shifting ice. Loon nest sites were more likely to be on islands and peninsulas (odds ratio = 16.13, 95% CI = 4.64–56.16) than mainland shoreline, which may help loons avoid terrestrial predators. Further, nest sites had a higher degree of visibility (mean degrees of visibility to 100 and 200 m) of approaching predators than random points (odds ratio = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.22–5.39). Nests were sheltered from exposure, having lower odds of being exposed to prevailing winds (odds ratio = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.13–0.92) and lower odds of having high fetch values (odds ratio = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.22–0.96). Differences between Pacific and Yellow-billed loon nesting sites were subtle, suggesting that both species have similar general nest site requirements. However, Yellow-billed Loons nested at slightly higher elevations and were more likely to nest on peninsulas than Pacific Loons. Pacific Loons constructed built up nests from mud and vegetation, potentially in response to limited access to suitable shoreline due to other territorial loons. Results suggest that land managers wishing to protect habitats for these species should focus on lakes with islands as well as shorelines sheltered from exposure to prevailing wind and ice patterns.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.037.sp104","usgsCitation":"Haynes, T.B., Schmutz, J.A., Lindberg, M., and Rosenberger, A.E., 2014, Risk of predation and weather events affect nest site selection by sympatric Pacific (Gavia pacifica) and Yellow-billed (Gavia adamsii) loons in Arctic habitats: Waterbirds, v. 37, p. 16-25, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.037.sp104.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-045098","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294875,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294845,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/063.037.sp104"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic Coastal Plain","volume":"37","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542e697ee4b092f17df5aa1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haynes, Trevor B.","contributorId":100302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haynes","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":502668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindberg, Mark S.","contributorId":89466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"Mark S.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":502667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberger, Amanda E. 0000-0002-5520-8349 arosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-8349","contributorId":5581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Amanda","email":"arosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70124385,"text":"70124385 - 2014 - Impacts of upper respiratory tract disease on olfactory behavior of the Mojave desert tortoise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-11T15:01:17","indexId":"70124385","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T14:45:36","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of upper respiratory tract disease on olfactory behavior of the Mojave desert tortoise","docAbstract":"Upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) caused by Mycoplasma agassizii is considered a threat to desert tortoise populations that should be addressed as part of the recovery of the species. Clinical signs can be intermittent and include serous or mucoid nasal discharge and respiratory difficulty when nares are occluded. This nasal congestion may result in a loss of the olfactory sense. Turtles are known to use olfaction to identify food items, predators, and conspecifics; therefore, it is likely that URTD affects not only their physical well-being but also their behavior and ability to perform necessary functions in the wild. To determine more specifically the impact nasal discharge might have on free-ranging tortoises (Gopherus agassizii), we compared the responses of tortoises with and without nasal discharge and both positive and negative for M. agassizii antibodies to a visually hidden olfactory food stimulus and an empty control. We found that nasal discharge did reduce sense of smell and hence the ability to locate food. 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aballmann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0380-056X","contributorId":1153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballmann","given":"Anne","email":"aballmann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, C. LeAnn 0000-0002-5004-5165 clwhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-5165","contributorId":4315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"C.","email":"clwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LeAnn","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bodenstein, Barbara L. 0000-0001-7946-0103 bbodenstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7946-0103","contributorId":4389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodenstein","given":"Barbara","email":"bbodenstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buckner, Jennifer L. jbuckner@usgs.gov","contributorId":4887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckner","given":"Jennifer","email":"jbuckner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70122265,"text":"70122265 - 2014 - The history of sturgeon in the Baltic Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-26T13:58:42","indexId":"70122265","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T13:54:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The history of sturgeon in the Baltic Sea","docAbstract":"Aim
\nMigrants of the Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus, from North America are thought to have founded the Baltic sturgeon population during the Little Ice Age around 1200 years ago, replacing the European sturgeon, Acipenser sturio. To test this hypothesis and to further elucidate the colonization of the Baltic Sea by A. oxyrinchus, we carried out DNA analyses of ancient and contemporary populations of both species.
\nLocation
\nWe analysed DNA from 188 specimens of sturgeons collected from archaeological sites and museums in Poland and of 225 contemporary specimens from North American and European populations.
\nMethods
\nSeveral mitochondrial DNA fragments were sequenced and eight microsatellite loci were genotyped for species identification, polymorphism and population structure analyses. Approximate Bayesian computation was used to estimate when the Baltic Sea was colonized.
\nResults
\nOf 125 ancient sturgeon specimens from the Baltic Sea, only four were classified as A. sturio, the remainder being A. oxyrinchus oxyrinchus. The ancient A. o. oxyrinchus population over two different time periods was highly polymorphic and genetically distant from contemporary populations of this taxon. The time of entry into the Baltic Sea was estimated to be 4000–5000 years ago. We also detected introgression of A. sturio into the A. o. oxyrinchus gene pool, caused by a prior hybridization event.
\nMain conclusions
\nFor the past 2000 years at least, A. o. oxyrinchus has been the dominant sturgeon in the Baltic Sea, indicating a much earlier origin than previously suggested. The most similar extant sturgeon populations to the extinct Baltic stock are those from the St John and St Lawrence rivers in Canada. These populations should be considered the best source of breeding material for the ongoing sturgeon restitution programmes in Poland and Germany.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Biogeography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jbi.12307","usgsCitation":"Popovic, D., Panagiotopoulou, H., Baca, M., Stefaniak, K., Mackiewicz, P., Makowiecki, D., King, T.L., Gruchota, J., Weglenski, P., and Stankovic, A., 2014, The history of sturgeon in the Baltic Sea: Journal of Biogeography, v. 41, no. 8, p. 1590-1602, https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12307.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1590","endPage":"1602","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-055501","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293042,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293041,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12307"}],"otherGeospatial":"Baltic Sea","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 9.5,53.89 ], [ 9.5,65.59 ], [ 30.24,65.59 ], [ 30.24,53.89 ], [ 9.5,53.89 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"41","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fd9f6be4b0adaeea6c4e94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Popovic, Danijela","contributorId":95815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Popovic","given":"Danijela","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Panagiotopoulou, Hanna","contributorId":18283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panagiotopoulou","given":"Hanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baca, Mateusz","contributorId":73120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baca","given":"Mateusz","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stefaniak, Krzysztof","contributorId":51219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stefaniak","given":"Krzysztof","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mackiewicz, Pawel","contributorId":77858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mackiewicz","given":"Pawel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Makowiecki, Daniel","contributorId":24701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Makowiecki","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"King, Tim L.","contributorId":48070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Tim","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gruchota, Jakub","contributorId":66185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gruchota","given":"Jakub","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Weglenski, Piotr","contributorId":53705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weglenski","given":"Piotr","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stankovic, Anna","contributorId":54902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stankovic","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70101339,"text":"70101339 - 2014 - A survey of benthic sediment contaminants in reaches of the Columbia River Estuary based on channel sedimentation characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T11:30:56","indexId":"70101339","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T13:43:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A survey of benthic sediment contaminants in reaches of the Columbia River Estuary based on channel sedimentation characteristics","docAbstract":"While previous studies have documented contaminants in fish, sediments, water, and wildlife, few specifics are known about the spatial distribution of contaminants in the Columbia River Estuary (CRE). Our study goal was to characterize sediment contaminant detections and concentrations in reaches of the CRE that were concurrently being sampled to assess contaminants in water, invertebrates, fish, and osprey (Pandion haliaetus) eggs. Our objectives were to develop a survey design based on sedimentation characteristics and then assess whether sediment grain size, total organic carbon (TOC), and contaminant concentrations and detections varied between areas with different sedimentation characteristics. We used a sediment transport model to predict sedimentation characteristics of three 16 km river reaches in the CRE. We then compartmentalized the modeled change in bed mass after a two week simulation to define sampling strata with depositional, stable, or erosional conditions. We collected and analyzed bottom sediments to assess whether substrate composition, organic matter composition, and contaminant concentrations and detections varied among strata within and between the reaches. We observed differences in grain size fractions between strata within and between reaches. We found that the fine sediment fraction was positively correlated with TOC. Contaminant concentrations were statistically different between depositional vs. erosional strata for the industrial compounds, personal care products and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons class (Indus–PCP–PAH). We also observed significant differences between strata in the number of detections of Indus–PCP–PAH (depositional vs. erosional; stable vs. erosional) and for the flame retardants, polychlorinated biphenyls, and pesticides class (depositional vs. erosional, depositional vs. stable). When we estimated mean contaminant concentrations by reach, we observed higher contaminant concentrations in the furthest downstream reach with a decreasing trend in the two upstream reaches. Contaminant survey designs that account for sedimentation characteristics could increase the probability that sampling is allocated to areas likely to be contaminated.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.013","usgsCitation":"Counihan, T.D., Waite, I.R., Nilsen, E.B., Hardiman, J.M., Elias, E., Gelfenbaum, G., and Zaugg, S.D., 2014, A survey of benthic sediment contaminants in reaches of the Columbia River Estuary based on channel sedimentation characteristics: Science of the Total Environment, v. 484, p. 331-343, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.013.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"343","ipdsId":"IP-046003","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1np8s2bf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":286211,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"state":"Oregon;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Estuary","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.79,41.99 ], [ -124.79,49.0 ], [ -116.46,49.0 ], [ -116.46,41.99 ], [ -124.79,41.99 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"484","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53516ef9e4b05569d8059f37","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.013","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.013","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Counihan Timothy D., Waite Ian R., Nilsen Elena B., Hardiman Jill M., Elias Edwin, Gelfenbaum Guy, Zaugg Steven D.","journalName":"Science of The Total Environment","publicationDate":"6/2014","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Counihan, Timothy D. 0000-0003-4967-6514 tcounihan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4967-6514","contributorId":4211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counihan","given":"Timothy","email":"tcounihan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waite, Ian R. 0000-0003-1681-6955 iwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-6955","contributorId":616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"Ian","email":"iwaite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nilsen, Elena B. 0000-0002-0104-6321 enilsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-6321","contributorId":923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilsen","given":"Elena","email":"enilsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardiman, Jill M. 0000-0002-3661-9695 jhardiman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3661-9695","contributorId":2672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardiman","given":"Jill","email":"jhardiman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Elias, Edwin","contributorId":50615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Edwin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy","contributorId":79844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zaugg, Steven D. sdzaugg@usgs.gov","contributorId":768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"Steven","email":"sdzaugg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":492662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70048664,"text":"70048664 - 2014 - Stream macroinvertebrate response models for bioassessment metrics: addressing the issue of spatial scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T10:51:00","indexId":"70048664","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T13:36:17","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stream macroinvertebrate response models for bioassessment metrics: addressing the issue of spatial scale","docAbstract":"We developed independent predictive disturbance models for a full regional data set and four individual ecoregions (Full Region vs. Individual Ecoregion models) to evaluate effects of spatial scale on the assessment of human landscape modification, on predicted response of stream biota, and the effect of other possible confounding factors, such as watershed size and elevation, on model performance. We selected macroinvertebrate sampling sites for model development (n = 591) and validation (n = 467) that met strict screening criteria from four proximal ecoregions in the northeastern U.S.: North Central Appalachians, Ridge and Valley, Northeastern Highlands, and Northern Piedmont. Models were developed using boosted regression tree (BRT) techniques for four macroinvertebrate metrics; results were compared among ecoregions and metrics. Comparing within a region but across the four macroinvertebrate metrics, the average richness of tolerant taxa (RichTOL) had the highest R2 for BRT models. Across the four metrics, final BRT models had between four and seven explanatory variables and always included a variable related to urbanization (e.g., population density, percent urban, or percent manmade channels), and either a measure of hydrologic runoff (e.g., minimum April, average December, or maximum monthly runoff) and(or) a natural landscape factor (e.g., riparian slope, precipitation, and elevation), or a measure of riparian disturbance. Contrary to our expectations, Full Region models explained nearly as much variance in the macroinvertebrate data as Individual Ecoregion models, and taking into account watershed size or elevation did not appear to improve model performance. As a result, it may be advantageous for bioassessment programs to develop large regional models as a preliminary assessment of overall disturbance conditions as long as the range in natural landscape variability is not excessive.","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0090944","usgsCitation":"White, I.R., Kennen, J., May, J., Brown, L.R., Cuffney, T.F., Jones, K.A., and Orlando, J., 2014, Stream macroinvertebrate response models for bioassessment metrics: addressing the issue of spatial scale: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 3, p. 1-21, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090944.","productDescription":"e90944; 21 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-045602","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090944","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":287148,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090944"},{"id":287150,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"North Central Appalachians;Northeastern Highlands;Northern Piedmont;Ridge And Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80,3.1352777777777776 ], [ -80,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -72,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -72,3.1352777777777776 ], [ -80,3.1352777777777776 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"9","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53749079e4b0870f4d23cfff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Ian R.","contributorId":21862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennen, Jonathan G. 0000-0002-5426-4445 jgkennen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5426-4445","contributorId":574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennen","given":"Jonathan G.","email":"jgkennen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Jason T. 0000-0002-5699-2112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":14791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Jason T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cuffney, Thomas F. 0000-0003-1164-5560 tcuffney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-5560","contributorId":517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuffney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jones, Kimberly A. kjones@usgs.gov","contributorId":937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Kimberly","email":"kjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":485342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Orlando, James L. 0000-0002-0099-7221","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-7221","contributorId":95954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlando","given":"James L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70237034,"text":"70237034 - 2014 - Response of a tall building far from the epicenter of the 11 March 2011 M 9.0 Great East Japan earthquake and aftershocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-27T18:45:30.176533","indexId":"70237034","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T13:29:06","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10523,"text":"The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings","onlineIssn":"1541-7808","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of a tall building far from the epicenter of the 11 March 2011 M 9.0 Great East Japan earthquake and aftershocks","docAbstract":"The 11 March 2011 M 9.0 Great East Japan earthquake generated significant long-duration shaking that propagated hundreds of kilometers from the epicenter and affected urban areas throughout much of Honshu. Recorded responses of a tall building at 770 km from the epicenter of the mainshock and other related or unrelated events show how structures sensitive to long-period motions can be affected by distant sources. Even when the largest peak input motions to the building is about 3% g, the strong-shaking duration was about 140 s. The 300- to 1000-s prolonged responses of the building are primarily due to a combination of site resonance (e.g. structural fundamental frequency ~0.15 Hz and site frequency ~0.13–0.17 Hz) and low damping (~1–2%) of the structure. Response modification technologies can improve the response of the building during future earthquakes. The need-to-consider risks to such built environments from distant sources are emphasized.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/tal.1047","usgsCitation":"Celebi, M., Iiba, M., Okawa, I., Kashima, T., and Koyama, S., 2014, Response of a tall building far from the epicenter of the 11 March 2011 M 9.0 Great East Japan earthquake and aftershocks: The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, v. 23, no. 6, p. 427-441, https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1047.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"441","ipdsId":"IP-034717","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407462,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","otherGeospatial":"Honshu","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -229.85595703125,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -229.85595703125,\n 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31.63467554954133\n ],\n [\n -229.85595703125,\n 31.203404950917395\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Celebi, Mehmet 0000-0002-4769-7357 celebi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-7357","contributorId":200969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Celebi","given":"Mehmet","email":"celebi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":853123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iiba, Masanori","contributorId":149526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iiba","given":"Masanori","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Okawa, Izuru","contributorId":65508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okawa","given":"Izuru","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kashima, Toshidate","contributorId":149524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kashima","given":"Toshidate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Koyama, Shin","contributorId":149525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koyama","given":"Shin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70074259,"text":"sir20145010 - 2014 - Equations for estimating selected streamflow statistics in Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T16:45:20","indexId":"sir20145010","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T13:28:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5010","title":"Equations for estimating selected streamflow statistics in Rhode Island","docAbstract":"Regional regression equations were developed for estimating selected natural—unaffected by alteration—streamflows of specific flow durations and low-flow frequency statistics for ungaged stream sites in Rhode Island. Selected at-site streamflow statistics are provided for 41 long-term streamgages, 21 short-term streamgages, and 135 partial-record stations in Rhode Island, eastern Connecticut, and southeastern and south-central Massachusetts. The regression equations for estimating selected streamflow statistics and the at-site statistics estimated for each of the 197 sites may be used by Federal, State, and local water managers in addressing water issues in and near Rhode Island.
\nMultiple and simple linear regression equations were developed to estimate the 99-, 98-, 95-, 90-, 85-, 80-, 75-, 70-, 60-, 50-, 40-, 30-, 25-, 20-, 15-, 10-, 5-, 2-, and 1-percent flow durations and the 7Q2 (7-day, 2-year) and 7Q10 (7-day, 10-year) low-flow-frequency statistics. An additional 49 selected statistics, for which regression equations were not developed, also were estimated for the long- and short-term streamgages and partial-record stations for flow durations between the 99.99 and 0.01 percent and for the mean annual, mean monthly, and median monthly streamflows. A total of 70 selected streamflow statistics were estimated for 41 long-term streamgages, 21 short-term streamgages, and 135 partial-record stations in and near Rhode Island. Estimates of the long-term streamflow statistics for the 21 short-term streamgages and 135 partial-record stations were developed by the Maintenance of Variance Extension, type 1 (MOVE.1), record-extension technique.
\nThe equations used to estimate selected streamflow statistics were developed by relating the 19 flow-duration and 2 low-flow-frequency statistics to 31 different basin characteristics (physical, land-cover, and climatic) at the 41 long-term and 19 of 21 short-term streamgages (a total of 60 streamgages) in and near Rhode Island. The 135 partial-record stations were not used in the regression analyses. The regression analyses were done by using a user-weighted least-squares technique in the weighted-multiple-linear regression program for the 90- to 1-percent flow-duration statistics. For the 99-, 98-, and 95-percent flow durations and the 7Q2 and 7Q10 statistics, left-censored regression analyses were used to account for zero flows at a few streamgages. The regression analyses determined that two basin characteristics—drainage area and stream density—were the only significant explanatory variables for 16 of the 19 flow-duration and the 2 low-flow regression equations. For the 10-, 15-, and 20-percent flow-duration regression equations, drainage area was the only significant explanatory variable. The standard error of the estimate for the 21 regression equations ranged from 17.58 to 141.83 percent. The 99- to 85-percent flow durations and the low-flow statistics 7Q2 and 7Q10 had the highest standard errors of the estimate, ranging from 48.68 to 141.83 percent. The standard error of the estimate for the medium- to high-flow statistics—the 80- to 1-percent flow durations—ranged from 17.58 to 37.65 percent, with the standard errors for the 60- to 1-percent flow durations all being less than about 21 percent. Data also are provided to allow the user to calculate the 90-percent prediction intervals for the 21 streamflow statistics.
\nThe equations, which are based on data from streams with little to no flow alterations, will provide an estimate of the natural flows for a selected site. They will not estimate flows for altered sites with dams, surface-water withdrawals, groundwater withdrawals (pumping wells), diversions, and wastewater discharges. If the equations are used to estimate streamflow statistics for altered sites, the user should adjust the flow estimates for the alterations. The regression equations should be used only for ungaged sites with drainage areas between 0.52 and 294 square miles and stream densities between 0.94 and 3.49 miles per square mile; these are the ranges of the explanatory variables in the equations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145010","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Rhode Island Water Resources Board","usgsCitation":"Bent, G.C., Steeves, P.A., and Waite, A.M., 2014, Equations for estimating selected streamflow statistics in Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5010, Report: viii, 65 p.; Tables: 5 Excel files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145010.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 65 p.; Tables: 5 Excel files","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-046041","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285231,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145010.jpg"},{"id":285224,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5010/pdf/sir2014-5010.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13 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Island\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517036e4b05569d805a1e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bent, Gardner C. 0000-0002-5085-3146 gbent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5085-3146","contributorId":1864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bent","given":"Gardner","email":"gbent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steeves, Peter A. 0000-0001-7558-9719 psteeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7558-9719","contributorId":1873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeves","given":"Peter","email":"psteeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waite, Andrew M. awaite@usgs.gov","contributorId":2215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"Andrew","email":"awaite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":489429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70111060,"text":"70111060 - 2014 - Triggering and modulation of geyser eruptions in Yellowstone National Park by earthquakes, earth tides, and weather","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T08:48:13","indexId":"70111060","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T13:19:04","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Triggering and modulation of geyser eruptions in Yellowstone National Park by earthquakes, earth tides, and weather","docAbstract":"We analyze intervals between eruptions (IBEs) data acquired between 2001 and 2011 at Daisy and Old Faithful geysers in Yellowstone National Park. We focus our statistical analysis on the response of these geysers to stress perturbations from within the solid earth (earthquakes and earth tides) and from weather (air pressure and temperature, precipitation, and wind). We conclude that (1) the IBEs of these geysers are insensitive to periodic stresses induced by solid earth tides and barometric pressure variations; (2) Daisy (pool geyser) IBEs lengthen by evaporation and heat loss in response to large wind storms and cold air; and (3) Old Faithful (cone geyser) IBEs are not modulated by air temperature and pressure variations, wind, and precipitation, suggesting that the subsurface water column is decoupled from the atmosphere. Dynamic stress changes of 0.1−0.2 MPa resulting from the 2002 M-7.9 Denali, Alaska, earthquake surface waves caused a statistically significant shortening of Daisy geyser's IBEs. Stresses induced by other large global earthquakes during the study period were at least an order of magnitude smaller. In contrast, dynamic stresses of >0.5 MPa from three large regional earthquakes in 1959, 1975, and 1983 caused lengthening of Old Faithful's IBEs. We infer that most subannual geyser IBE variability is dominated by internal processes and interaction with other geysers. The results of this study provide quantitative bounds on the sensitivity of hydrothermal systems to external stress perturbations and have implications for studying the triggering and modulation of volcanic eruptions by external forces.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2013JB010803","usgsCitation":"Hurwitz, S., Sohn, R.A., Luttrell, K.M., and Manga, M., 2014, Triggering and modulation of geyser eruptions in Yellowstone National Park by earthquakes, earth tides, and weather: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 119, no. 3, p. 1718-1737, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JB010803.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1718","endPage":"1737","ipdsId":"IP-052228","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473071,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jb010803","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":287961,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111,43.5 ], [ -111,45.5 ], [ -110,45.5 ], [ -110,43.5 ], [ -111,43.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"119","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae787ce4b0abf75cf2d705","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sohn, Robert A.","contributorId":37258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohn","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luttrell, Karen M. kluttrell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luttrell","given":"Karen","email":"kluttrell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Manga, Michael","contributorId":66559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manga","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70128738,"text":"70128738 - 2014 - Region-wide ecological responses of arid Wyoming big sagebrush communities to fuel treatments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:57:22","indexId":"70128738","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T13:16:57","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Region-wide ecological responses of arid Wyoming big sagebrush communities to fuel treatments","docAbstract":"If arid sagebrush ecosystems lack resilience to disturbances or resistance to annual invasives, then alternative successional states dominated by annual invasives, especially cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.), are likely after fuel treatments. We identified six Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis Beetle & Young) locations (152–381 mm precipitation) that we believed had sufficient resilience and resistance for recovery. We examined impacts of woody fuel reduction (fire, mowing, the herbicide tebuthiuron, and untreated controls, all with and without the herbicide imazapic) on short-term dominance of plant groups and on important land health parameters with the use of analysis of variance (ANOVA). Fire and mowing reduced woody biomass at least 85% for 3 yr, but herbaceous fuels were reduced only by fire (72%) and only in the first year. Herbaceous fuels produced at least 36% more biomass with mowing than untreated areas during posttreatment years. Imazapic only reduced herbaceous biomass after fires (34%). Tebuthiuron never affected herbaceous biomass. Perennial tall grass cover was reduced by 59% relative to untreated controls in the first year after fire, but it recovered by the second year. Cover of all remaining herbaceous groups was not changed by woody fuel treatments. Only imazapic reduced significantly herbaceous cover. Cheatgrass cover was reduced at least 63% with imazapic for 3 yr. Imazapic reduced annual forb cover by at least 45%, and unexpectedly, perennial grass cover by 49% (combination of tall grasses and Sandberg bluegrass [Poa secunda J. Presl.]). Fire reduced density of Sandberg bluegrass between 40% and 58%, decreased lichen and moss cover between 69% and 80%, and consequently increased bare ground between 21% and 34% and proportion of gaps among perennial plants > 2 m (at least 28% during the 3 yr). Fire, mowing, and imazapic may be effective in reducing fuels for 3 yr, but each has potentially undesirable consequences on plant communities.","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Range Management","publisherLocation":"Lakewood, CO","doi":"10.2111/REM-D-13-00090.1","usgsCitation":"Pyke, D.A., Shaff, S.E., Lindgren, A.I., Schupp, E., Doescher, P., Chambers, J.C., Burnham, J.S., and Huso, M., 2014, Region-wide ecological responses of arid Wyoming big sagebrush communities to fuel treatments: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 67, no. 5, p. 455-467, https://doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-13-00090.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"455","endPage":"467","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-054068","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2111/rem-d-13-00090.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":295303,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295285,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-13-00090.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","volume":"67","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"543e3b2ee4b0fd76af69cf2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaff, Scott E.","contributorId":15947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaff","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindgren, Andrew I.","contributorId":18698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindgren","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schupp, Eugene W.","contributorId":83455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schupp","given":"Eugene W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doescher, Paul S.","contributorId":100306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doescher","given":"Paul S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chambers, Jeanne C.","contributorId":92186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chambers","given":"Jeanne","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Burnham, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":49725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Huso, Manuela M.","contributorId":41362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huso","given":"Manuela M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70101273,"text":"70101273 - 2014 - Levee crest elevation profiles derived from airborne lidar-based high resolution digital elevation models in south Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T11:27:18","indexId":"70101273","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T13:10:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1958,"text":"ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Levee crest elevation profiles derived from airborne lidar-based high resolution digital elevation models in south Louisiana","docAbstract":"This study explores the feasibility of using airborne lidar surveys to construct high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) and develop an automated procedure to extract levee longitudinal elevation profiles for both federal levees in Atchafalaya Basin and local levees in Lafourche Parish, south Lousiana. This approach can successfully accommodate a high degree of levee sinuosity and abrupt changes in levee orientation (direction) in planar coordinates, variations in levee geometries, and differing DEM resolutions. The federal levees investigated in Atchafalaya Basin have crest elevations between 5.3 and 12 m while the local counterparts in Lafourche Parish are between 0.76 and 2.3 m. The vertical uncertainty in the elevation data is considered when assessing federal crest elevation against the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers minimum height requirements to withstand the 100-year flood. Only approximately 5% of the crest points of the two federal levees investigated in the Atchafalaya Basin region met this requirement.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.02.010","usgsCitation":"Palaseanu-Lovejoy, M., Thatcher, C., and Barras, J., 2014, Levee crest elevation profiles derived from airborne lidar-based high resolution digital elevation models in south Louisiana: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, v. 91, p. 114-126, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.02.010.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"114","endPage":"126","ipdsId":"IP-046351","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.0434,28.9254 ], [ -94.0434,33.0195 ], [ -88.8162,33.0195 ], [ -88.8162,28.9254 ], [ -94.0434,28.9254 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"91","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517052e4b05569d805a305","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palaseanu-Lovejoy, Monica 0000-0002-3786-5118 mpal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3786-5118","contributorId":3639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palaseanu-Lovejoy","given":"Monica","email":"mpal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thatcher, Cindy A.","contributorId":79604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Cindy A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barras, John A. jbarras@usgs.gov","contributorId":2425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barras","given":"John A.","email":"jbarras@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70101660,"text":"70101660 - 2014 - Combined effects of compact cevelopment, transportation investments, and road user pricing on vehicle miles traveled in urbanized areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-11T13:10:40","indexId":"70101660","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T13:04:44","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3647,"text":"Transportation Research Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combined effects of compact cevelopment, transportation investments, and road user pricing on vehicle miles traveled in urbanized areas","docAbstract":"Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) is the primary determinant of traffic congestion, vehicle crashes, greenhouse gas emissions, and other effects of transportation. Two previous studies have sought to explain VMT levels in urbanized areas. This study updates and expands on previous work with more recent data, additional metrics, and structural equation modeling (SEM) to explain VMT levels in 315 urbanized areas. According to SEM, population, income, and gasoline prices are primary exogenous drivers of VMT. Development density is a primary endogenous driver. Urbanized areas with more freeway capacity are significantly less dense and have significantly higher VMT per capita. Areas with more transit service coverage and service frequency have higher development densities and per capita transit use, which leads to lower VMT per capita. The indirect effect of transit on VMT through land use, the so-called land use multiplier, is more than three times greater than the direct effect through transit ridership.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transportation Research Record","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Metapress","doi":"10.3141/2397-14","usgsCitation":"Ewing, R., Hamidi, S., Gallivan, F., Nelson, A.C., and Grace, J.B., 2014, Combined effects of compact cevelopment, transportation investments, and road user pricing on vehicle miles traveled in urbanized areas: Transportation Research Record, v. 2397, p. 117-124, https://doi.org/10.3141/2397-14.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"124","ipdsId":"IP-021995","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286294,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286290,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2397-14"}],"country":"United States","volume":"2397","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351702fe4b05569d805a19e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ewing, Reid","contributorId":106010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewing","given":"Reid","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamidi, Shima","contributorId":30909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamidi","given":"Shima","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gallivan, Frank","contributorId":48097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallivan","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, Arthur C.","contributorId":75061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70096236,"text":"sir20145022 - 2014 - Monitoring and research to describe geomorphic effects of the 2011 controlled flood on the Green River in the Canyon of Lodore, Dinosaur National Monument, Colorado and Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-01T12:58:10","indexId":"sir20145022","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T12:42:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5022","title":"Monitoring and research to describe geomorphic effects of the 2011 controlled flood on the Green River in the Canyon of Lodore, Dinosaur National Monument, Colorado and Utah","docAbstract":"In 2011, a large magnitude flow release from Flaming Gorge Reservoir, Wyoming and Utah, occurred in response to high snowpack in the middle Rocky Mountains. This was the third highest recorded discharge along the Green River downstream of Flaming Gorge Dam, Utah, since its initial closure in November 1962 and motivated a research effort to document effects of these flows on channel morphology and sedimentology at four long-term monitoring sites within the Canyon of Lodore in Dinosaur National Monument, Colorado and Utah. Data collected in September 2011 included raft-based bathymetric surveys, ground-based surveys of banks, channel cross sections and vegetation-plot locations, sand-bar stratigraphy, and painted rock recovery on gravel bars. As part of this surveying effort, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data were collected at benchmarks on the canyon rim and along the river corridor to establish a high-resolution survey control network. This survey control network allows for the collection of repeatable spatial and elevation data necessary for high accuracy geomorphic change detection. Nearly 10,000 ground survey points and more than 20,000 bathymetric points (at 1-meter resolution) were collected over a 5-day field campaign, allowing for the construction of reach-scale digital elevation models (DEMs). Additionally, we evaluated long-term geomorphic change at these sites using repeat topographic surveys of eight monumented cross sections at each of the four sites.
\nAnalysis of DEMs and channel cross sections show a spatially variable pattern of erosion and deposition, both within and between reaches. As much as 5 meters of scour occurred in pools downstream from flow constrictions, especially in channel segments where gravel bars were absent. By contrast, some channel cross sections were stable during the 2011 floods, and have shown almost no change in over a decade of monitoring. Partial mobility of gravel bars occurred, and although in some locations vegetation such as tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima) was damaged, wholesale bed motion necessary to fully clear these surfaces was not evident. In flow recirculation zones, eddy sandbars aggraded one meter or more, increasing the area of bars exposed during typical dam operations. Yet overall, the 2011 flood resulted in a decrease in reach-scale sand storage because bed degradation exceeded bar deposition. The 2011 response is consistent with that of a similar event in 1999, which was followed by sand-bar erosion and sediment accumulation on the bed during subsequent years of normal dam operational flows. Although the 1999 and 2011 floods were exceptional in the post-dam system, they did not exceed the pre-dam 2-year flood, isolating their effects to the modern active channel with minor erosion or reworking of pre-dam deposits stabilized through vegetation encroachment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145022","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Utah State University and Northern Arizona University","usgsCitation":"Mueller, E.R., Grams, P.E., Schmidt, J.C., Hazel, J., Kaplinski, M., Alexander, J.A., and Kohl, K., 2014, Monitoring and research to describe geomorphic effects of the 2011 controlled flood on the Green River in the Canyon of Lodore, Dinosaur National Monument, Colorado and Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5022, Report: vii, 66 p.; Appendix table 2.1; Digital products, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145022.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 66 p.; Appendix table 2.1; Digital products","numberOfPages":"78","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042269","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285209,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://www.gcmrc.gov/research_areas/sediment_geomorphology/downloads/sir2014-5022/"},{"id":285207,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5022/pdf/sir2014-5022.pdf"},{"id":285208,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5022/downloads/sir2014-5022_appendix2-1.xlsx"},{"id":285210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145022.jpg"},{"id":285206,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5022/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;Utah","otherGeospatial":"Canyon Of Lodore;Dinosaur National Monument;Flaming Gorge Reservoir;Green River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.600243,40.449943 ], [ -109.600243,41.002142 ], [ -108.666903,41.002142 ], [ -108.666903,40.449943 ], [ -109.600243,40.449943 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517056e4b05569d805a337","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, Erich R. 0000-0001-8202-154X emueller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8202-154X","contributorId":4930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Erich","email":"emueller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708 pgrams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":1830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","email":"pgrams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, John C. 0000-0002-2988-3869 jcschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2988-3869","contributorId":1983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"John","email":"jcschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hazel, Joseph E. Jr.","contributorId":91819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hazel","given":"Joseph E.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kaplinski, Matt","contributorId":65817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaplinski","given":"Matt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alexander, Jason A.","contributorId":18270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kohl, Keith 0000-0001-6812-0373 kkohl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6812-0373","contributorId":1323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohl","given":"Keith","email":"kkohl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70111899,"text":"70111899 - 2014 - Hawaiian hoary bat occupancy at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-02T12:09:43","indexId":"70111899","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T12:07:24","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"TR HCSU-051","title":"Hawaiian hoary bat occupancy at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park","docAbstract":"Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) vocalizations were recorded using Anabat SD1 and Song Meter SM2Bat ultrasonic recorders at four monitoring stations in Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park on the island of Hawai‘i. We hypothesize that echolocation call events are more numerous during the reproductive season of this bat. Bat detectors recorded from 1700 to 0730 hrs on a total of 42 nights between October 2011 and September 2012. Peak activity occurred between 1800 and 2000 hrs, although in May a secondary peak occurred between 0100 and 0300 hrs. Detectability proportions (0 to 1.0) were calculated using the software program PRESENCE (v4.2) and reported for each seven day recording session which was repeated on a bimonthly schedule. Hawaiian hoary bats were present in four of the six bimonthly surveys: January, May, September, and October; however, no bat calls were detected in March or July. Detectability of bat calls was above 0.50 in January, May, and September. Foraging buzzes, indicating feeding activity, were recorded in all months that bats were present.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit Technical Report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Bonaccorso, F.J., Pinzari, C., and Montoya-Aiona, K., 2014, Hawaiian hoary bat occupancy at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, ii, 15 p.","productDescription":"ii, 15 p.","numberOfPages":"19","ipdsId":"IP-056022","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289379,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288192,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hilo.hawaii.edu/hcsu/publications.php"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kaloko-honokohau National Historical Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -156.045925,19.665068 ], [ -156.045925,19.693891 ], [ -156.016629,19.693891 ], [ -156.016629,19.665068 ], [ -156.045925,19.665068 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b161e4b0388651d91789","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonaccorso, Frank J. fbonaccorso@usgs.gov","contributorId":3088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonaccorso","given":"Frank","email":"fbonaccorso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pinzari, Corina","contributorId":70695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinzari","given":"Corina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montoya-Aiona, Kristina 0000-0002-1776-5443 kmontoya-aiona@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1776-5443","contributorId":5899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montoya-Aiona","given":"Kristina","email":"kmontoya-aiona@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70155183,"text":"70155183 - 2014 - Groundwater availability as constrained by hydrogeology and environmental flows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-31T10:58:29","indexId":"70155183","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater availability as constrained by hydrogeology and environmental flows","docAbstract":"Groundwater pumping from aquifers in hydraulic connection with nearby streams has the potential to cause adverse impacts by decreasing flows to levels below those necessary to maintain aquatic ecosystems. The recent passage of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River Basin Water Resources Compact has brought attention to this issue in the Great Lakes region. In particular, the legislation requires the Great Lakes states to enact measures for limiting water withdrawals that can cause adverse ecosystem impacts. This study explores how both hydrogeologic and environmental flow limitations may constrain groundwater availability in the Great Lakes Basin. A methodology for calculating maximum allowable pumping rates is presented. Groundwater availability across the basin may be constrained by a combination of hydrogeologic yield and environmental flow limitations varying over both local and regional scales. The results are sensitive to factors such as pumping time, regional and local hydrogeology, streambed conductance, and streamflow depletion limits. Understanding how these restrictions constrain groundwater usage and which hydrogeologic characteristics and spatial variables have the most influence on potential streamflow depletions has important water resources policy and management implications.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","publisherLocation":"Worthington, OH","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12050","collaboration":"National Science Foundation","usgsCitation":"Watson, K.A., Mayer, A.S., and Reeves, H.W., 2014, Groundwater availability as constrained by hydrogeology and environmental flows: Ground Water, v. 52, no. 2, p. 225-238, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12050.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"238","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045329","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306290,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55bc9c2de4b033ef52100f2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watson, Katelyn A.","contributorId":145696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watson","given":"Katelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayer, Alex S.","contributorId":81028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Alex","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reeves, Howard W. 0000-0001-8057-2081 hwreeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-2081","contributorId":2307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Howard","email":"hwreeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159714,"text":"70159714 - 2014 - Climate change impacts on the temperature and magnitude of groundwater discharge from shallow, unconfined aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-18T10:51:03","indexId":"70159714","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change impacts on the temperature and magnitude of groundwater discharge from shallow, unconfined aquifers","docAbstract":"Cold groundwater discharge to streams and rivers can provide critical thermal refuge for threatened salmonids and other aquatic species during warm summer periods. Climate change may influence groundwater temperature and flow rates, which may in turn impact riverine ecosystems. This study evaluates the potential impact of climate change on the timing, magnitude, and temperature of groundwater discharge from small, unconfined aquifers that undergo seasonal freezing and thawing. Seven downscaled climate scenarios for 2046–2065 were utilized to drive surficial water and energy balance models (HELP3 and ForHyM2) to obtain future projections for daily ground surface temperature and groundwater recharge. These future surface conditions were then applied as boundary conditions to drive subsurface simulations of variably saturated groundwater flow and energy transport. The subsurface simulations were performed with the U.S. Geological Survey finite element model SUTRA that was recently modified to include the dynamic freeze-thaw process. The SUTRA simulations indicate a potential rise in the magnitude (up to 34%) and temperature (up to 3.6°C) of groundwater discharge to the adjacent river during the summer months due to projected increases in air temperature and precipitation. The thermal response of groundwater to climate change is shown to be strongly dependent on the aquifer dimensions. Thus, the simulations demonstrate that the thermal sensitivity of aquifers and baseflow-dominated streams to decadal climate change may be more complex than previously thought. Furthermore, the results indicate that the probability of exceeding critical temperature thresholds within groundwater-sourced thermal refugia may significantly increase under the most extreme climate scenarios.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/2013WR014588","usgsCitation":"Kurylyk, B.L., MacQuarrie, K.T., and Voss, C.I., 2014, Climate change impacts on the temperature and magnitude of groundwater discharge from shallow, unconfined aquifers: Water Resources Research, v. 50, no. 4, p. 3253-3274, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014588.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"3253","endPage":"3274","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053810","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311487,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564daf45e4b0112df6c62df2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kurylyk, Barret L.","contributorId":78262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurylyk","given":"Barret","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacQuarrie, Kerry T.B","contributorId":149960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacQuarrie","given":"Kerry","email":"","middleInitial":"T.B","affiliations":[{"id":17865,"text":"Dept of Civil Engineering & Canadian Rivers Inst. Univ of New Brunswick","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148120,"text":"70148120 - 2014 - Guidelines for a priori grouping of species in hierarchical community models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-03T10:40:16","indexId":"70148120","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Guidelines for a priori grouping of species in hierarchical community models","docAbstract":"Recent methodological advances permit the estimation of species richness and occurrences for rare species by linking species-level occurrence models at the community level. The value of such methods is underscored by the ability to examine the influence of landscape heterogeneity on species assemblages at large spatial scales. A salient advantage of community-level approaches is that parameter estimates for data-poor species are more precise as the estimation process borrows from data-rich species. However, this analytical benefit raises a question about the degree to which inferences are dependent on the implicit assumption of relatedness among species. Here, we assess the sensitivity of community/group-level metrics, and individual-level species inferences given various classification schemes for grouping species assemblages using multispecies occurrence models. We explore the implications of these groupings on parameter estimates for avian communities in two ecosystems: tropical forests in Puerto Rico and temperate forests in northeastern United States. We report on the classification performance and extent of variability in occurrence probabilities and species richness estimates that can be observed depending on the classification scheme used. We found estimates of species richness to be most precise and to have the best predictive performance when all of the data were grouped at a single community level. Community/group-level parameters appear to be heavily influenced by the grouping criteria, but were not driven strictly by total number of detections for species. We found different grouping schemes can provide an opportunity to identify unique assemblage responses that would not have been found if all of the species were analyzed together. We suggest three guidelines: (1) classification schemes should be determined based on study objectives; (2) model selection should be used to quantitatively compare different classification approaches; and (3) sensitivity of results to different classification approaches should be assessed. These guidelines should help researchers apply hierarchical community models in the most effective manner.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Pub. Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1002/ece3.976","usgsCitation":"Pacifici, K., Zipkin, E., Collazo, J., Irizarry, J.I., and DeWan, A.A., 2014, Guidelines for a priori grouping of species in hierarchical community models: Ecology and Evolution, v. 4, no. 7, p. 877-888, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.976.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"877","endPage":"888","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049249","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.976","text":"External Repository"},{"id":301009,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55702539e4b0d9246a9fd1a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pacifici, Krishna","contributorId":26564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pacifici","given":"Krishna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zipkin, Elise ezipkin@usgs.gov","contributorId":470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zipkin","given":"Elise","email":"ezipkin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":548139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irizarry, Julissa I.","contributorId":141056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irizarry","given":"Julissa","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeWan, Amielle A.","contributorId":24486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWan","given":"Amielle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70100916,"text":"70100916 - 2014 - The global age distribution of granitic pegmatites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-05T11:30:35","indexId":"70100916","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T11:29:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1177,"text":"Canadian Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The global age distribution of granitic pegmatites","docAbstract":"An updated global compilation of 377 new and previously published ages indicates that granitic pegmatites range in age from Mesoarchean to Neogene and have a semi-periodic age distribution. Undivided granitic pegmatites show twelve age maxima: 2913, 2687, 2501, 1853, 1379, 1174, 988, 525, 483, 391, 319, and 72 Ma. These peaks correspond broadly with various proxy records of supercontinent assembly, including the age distributions of granites, detrital zircon grains, and passive margins. Lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatites have a similar age distribution to the undivided granitic pegmatites, with maxima at 2638, 1800, 962, 529, 485, 371, 309, and 274 Ma. Lithium and Ta resources in LCT pegmatites are concentrated in the Archean and Phanerozoic. While there are some Li resources from the Proterozoic, the dominantly bimodal distribution of resources is particularly evident for Ta. This distribution is similar to that of orogenic gold deposits, and has been interpreted to reflect the preservation potential of the orogenic belts where these deposits are formed. Niobium-yttrium-fluorine (NYF) pegmatites show similar age distributions to LCT pegmatites, but with a strong maximum at ca. 1000 Ma.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Association of Canada","doi":"10.3749/canmin.52.2.183","usgsCitation":"McCauley, A., and Bradley, D., 2014, The global age distribution of granitic pegmatites: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 52, no. 2, p. 183-190, https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.52.2.183.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"190","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-055855","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291677,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291676,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3749/canmin.52.2.183"}],"volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e1efdee4b0fe532be2de9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCauley, Andrew","contributorId":48846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCauley","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, Dwight 0000-0001-9116-5289 bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5289","contributorId":2358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight","email":"bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70100423,"text":"70100423 - 2014 - Ecotypic variation in recruitment of reintroduced bighorn sheep: implications for translocation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T13:52:45","indexId":"70100423","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T11:22:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecotypic variation in recruitment of reintroduced bighorn sheep: implications for translocation","docAbstract":"European settlement led to extirpation of native Audubon's bighorn sheep (formerly Ovis canadensis auduboni) from North Dakota during the early 20th century. The North Dakota Game and Fish Department subsequently introduced California bighorn sheep (formerly O. c. californiana) that were indigenous to the Williams Lake region of British Columbia, Canada, and Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (O. c. canadensis) that were indigenous to the Sun River region of Montana. Although California bighorn sheep are no longer recognized as a distinct subspecies, they are smaller and adapted to a milder climate than either the native bighorn sheep of North Dakota or introduced bighorn sheep from Montana. Because reintroductions still play a key role in the management of bighorn sheep and because local adaptation may have substantial demographic consequences, we evaluated causes of variation in recruitment of bighorn sheep reintroduced in North Dakota. During 2006–2011, Montana stock recruited 0.54 juveniles/adult female (n = 113), whereas British Columbia stock recruited 0.24 juveniles/adult female (n = 562). Our most plausible mixed-effects logistic regression model (53% of model weight) attributed variation in recruitment to differences between source populations (odds ratio = 4.5; 90% CI = 1.5, 15.3). Greater recruitment of Montana stock (fitted mean = 0.56 juveniles/adult female; 90% CI = 0.41, 0.70) contributed to a net gain in abundance (r = 0.15), whereas abundance of British Columbia stock declined (fitted mean = 0.24 juveniles/adult female; 90% CI = 0.09, 0.41; r = − 0.04). Translocations have been the primary tool used to augment and restore populations of wild sheep but often have failed to achieve objectives. Our results show that ecotypic differences among source stocks may have long-term implications for recruitment and demographic performance of reintroduced populations.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.669","usgsCitation":"Wiedmann, B., and Sargeant, G.A., 2014, Ecotypic variation in recruitment of reintroduced bighorn sheep: implications for translocation: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 78, no. 3, p. 394-401, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.669.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"394","endPage":"401","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-045061","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.669","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":285195,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285190,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.669"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"North Dakota","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -126.08,38.79 ], [ -126.08,53.28 ], [ -91.98,53.28 ], [ -91.98,38.79 ], [ -126.08,38.79 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"78","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517035e4b05569d805a1de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiedmann, Brett P.","contributorId":66174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiedmann","given":"Brett P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sargeant, Glen A. 0000-0003-3845-8503 gsargeant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3845-8503","contributorId":1301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargeant","given":"Glen","email":"gsargeant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70100421,"text":"70100421 - 2014 - A 17-year record of environmental tracers in spring discharge, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, USA: use of climatic data and environmental conditions to interpret discharge, dissolved solutes, and tracer concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:11:32","indexId":"70100421","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T11:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":866,"text":"Aquatic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 17-year record of environmental tracers in spring discharge, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, USA: use of climatic data and environmental conditions to interpret discharge, dissolved solutes, and tracer concentrations","docAbstract":"A 17-year record (1995–2012) of a suite of environmental tracer concentrations in discharge from 34 springs located along the crest of the Blue Ridge Mountains in Shenandoah National Park (SNP), Virginia, USA, reveals patterns and trends that can be related to climatic and environmental conditions. These data include a 12-year time series of monthly sampling at five springs, with measurements of temperature, specific conductance, pH, and discharge recorded at 30-min intervals. The monthly measurements include age tracers (CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-13, SF6, and SF5CF3), dissolved gases (N2, O2, Ar, CO2, and CH4), stable isotopes of water, and major and trace inorganic constituents. The chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) concentrations (in pptv) in spring discharge closely follow the concurrent monthly measurements of their atmospheric mixing ratios measured at the Air Monitoring Station at Big Meadows, SNP, indicating waters 0–3 years in age. A 2-year (2001–2003) record of unsaturated zone air displayed seasonal deviations from North American Air of ±10 % for CFC-11 and CFC-113, with excess CFC-11 and CFC-113 in peak summer and depletion in peak winter. The pattern in unsaturated zone soil CFCs is a function of gas solubility in soil water and seasonal unsaturated zone temperatures. Using the increase in the SF6 atmospheric mixing ratio, the apparent (piston flow) SF6 age of the water varied seasonally between about 0 (modern) in January and up to 3 years in July–August. The SF6 concentration and concentrations of dissolved solutes (SiO2, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl−, and HCO3−) in spring discharge demonstrate a fraction of recent recharge following large precipitation events. The output of solutes in the discharge of springs minus the input from atmospheric deposition per hectare of watershed area (mol ha−1 a−1) were approximately twofold greater in watersheds draining the regolith of Catoctin metabasalts than that of granitic gneisses and granitoid crystalline rocks. The stable isotopic composition of water in spring discharge broadly correlates with the Oceanic Niño Index. Below normal precipitation and enriched stable isotopic composition were observed during El Niño years.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10498-013-9202-y","usgsCitation":"Busenberg, E., and Plummer, N., 2014, A 17-year record of environmental tracers in spring discharge, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, USA: use of climatic data and environmental conditions to interpret discharge, dissolved solutes, and tracer concentrations: Aquatic Geochemistry, v. 20, no. 2-3, p. 267-290, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-013-9202-y.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"290","numberOfPages":"24","ipdsId":"IP-044836","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285189,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10498-013-9202-y"},{"id":285191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.1015,37.8742 ], [ -79.1015,39.0556 ], [ -78.0457,39.0556 ], [ -78.0457,37.8742 ], [ -79.1015,37.8742 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"20","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53516eb2e4b05569d8059d17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70148398,"text":"70148398 - 2014 - Animal reintroductions: an innovative assessment of survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-02T10:01:23","indexId":"70148398","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Animal reintroductions: an innovative assessment of survival","docAbstract":"Quantitative evaluations of reintroductions are infrequent and assessments of milestones reached before a project is completed, or abandoned due to lack of funding, are rare. However, such assessments, which are promoted in adaptive management frameworks, are critical. Quantification can provide defensible estimates of biological success, such as the number of survivors from a released cohort, with associated cost per animal. It is unlikely that the global issues of endangered wildlife and population declines will abate, therefore, assurance colonies and reintroductions are likely to become more common. If such endeavors are to be successful biologically or achieve adequate funding, implementation must be more rigorous and accountable. We use a novel application of a multistate, robust design capture-recapture model to estimate survival of reintroduced tadpoles through metamorphosis (i.e., the number of individuals emerging from the pond) and thereby provide a quantitative measure of effort and success for an \"in progress\" reintroduction of toads. Our data also suggest that tadpoles released at later developmental stages have an increased probability of survival and that eggs laid in the wild hatched at higher rates than eggs laid by captive toads. We illustrate how an interim assessment can identify problems, highlight successes, and provide information for use in adjusting the effort or implementing a Decision-Theoretic adaptive management strategy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Kidlington, Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.034","usgsCitation":"Muths, E.L., Bailey, L., and Watry, M.K., 2014, Animal reintroductions: an innovative assessment of survival: Biological Conservation, v. 172, p. 200-208, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.034.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"200","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052357","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300968,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"172","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"556ed3b5e4b0d9246a9fa7c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132 muthse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":1260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","email":"muthse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, Larissa L.","contributorId":93183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Larissa L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watry, Mary Kay","contributorId":141021,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watry","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Kay","affiliations":[{"id":7237,"text":"NPS, Olympic National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70125294,"text":"70125294 - 2014 - Population declines lead to replicate patterns of internal range structure at the tips of the distribution of the California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-16T10:47:24","indexId":"70125294","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T10:45:50","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population declines lead to replicate patterns of internal range structure at the tips of the distribution of the California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii)","docAbstract":"Demographic declines and increased isolation of peripheral populations of the threatened California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii) have led to the formation of internal range boundaries at opposite ends of the species’ distribution. While the population genetics of the southern internal boundary has been studied in some detail, similar information is lacking for the northern part of the range. In this study, we used microsatellite and mtDNA data to examine the genetic structuring and diversity of some of the last remaining R. draytonii populations in the northern Sierra Nevada, which collectively form the northern external range boundary. We compared these data to coastal populations in the San Francisco Bay Area, where the species is notably more abundant and still exists throughout much of its historic range. We show that ‘external’ Sierra Nevada populations have lower genetic diversity and are more differentiated from one another than their ‘internal’ Bay Area counterparts. This same pattern was mirrored across the distribution in California, where Sierra Nevada and Bay Area populations had lower allelic variability compared to those previously studied in coastal southern California. This genetic signature of northward range expansion was mirrored in the phylogeography of mtDNA haplotypes; northern Sierra Nevada haplotypes showed greater similarity to haplotypes from the south Coast Ranges than to the more geographically proximate populations in the Bay Area. These data cast new light on the geographic origins of Sierra Nevada R. draytonii populations and highlight the importance of distinguishing the genetic effects of contemporary demographic declines from underlying signatures of historic range expansion when addressing the most immediate threats to population persistence. Because there is no evidence of contemporary gene flow between any of the Sierra Nevada R. draytonii populations, we suggest that management activities should focus on maintaining and creating additional ponds to support breeding within typical dispersal distances of occupied habitat.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Applied Science Publishers","publisherLocation":"Barking, Essex England","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.026","usgsCitation":"Richmond, J.Q., Backlin, A.R., Tatarian, P.J., Solvesky, B.G., and Fisher, R.N., 2014, Population declines lead to replicate patterns of internal range structure at the tips of the distribution of the California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii): Biological Conservation, v. 172, p. 128-137, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.026.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"128","endPage":"137","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-053805","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293920,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293876,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.026"}],"volume":"172","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5419514ae4b091c7ffc8e7b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richmond, Jonathan Q. 0000-0001-9398-4894 jrichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-4894","contributorId":5400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Jonathan","email":"jrichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Backlin, Adam R. 0000-0001-5618-8426 abacklin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-8426","contributorId":3802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Backlin","given":"Adam","email":"abacklin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tatarian, Patricia J.","contributorId":8394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tatarian","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Solvesky, Ben G.","contributorId":78655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solvesky","given":"Ben","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}