{"pageNumber":"1342","pageRowStart":"33525","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184769,"records":[{"id":70144529,"text":"70144529 - 2014 - Breeding site selection by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to large wood additions and factors that influence reproductive success","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T16:40:04","indexId":"70144529","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Breeding site selection by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to large wood additions and factors that influence reproductive success","title":"Breeding site selection by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to large wood additions and factors that influence reproductive success","docAbstract":"

The fitness of female Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) with respect to breeding behavior can be partitioned into at least four fitness components: survival to reproduction, competition for breeding sites, success of egg incubation, and suitability of the local environment near breeding sites for early rearing of juveniles. We evaluated the relative influences of habitat features linked to these fitness components with respect to selection of breeding sites by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). We also evaluated associations between breeding site selection and additions of large wood, as the latter were introduced into the study system as a means of restoring habitat conditions to benefit coho salmon. We used a model selection approach to organize specific habitat features into groupings reflecting fitness components and influences of large wood. Results of this work suggest that female coho salmon likely select breeding sites based on a wide range of habitat features linked to all four hypothesized fitness components. More specifically, model parameter estimates indicated that breeding site selection was most strongly influenced by proximity to pool-tail crests and deeper water (mean and maximum depths). Linkages between large wood and breeding site selection were less clear. Overall, our findings suggest that breeding site selection by coho salmon is influenced by a suite of fitness components in addition to the egg incubation environment, which has been the emphasis of much work in the past.

","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2014-0020","usgsCitation":"Clark, S.M., Dunham, J., McEnroe, J.R., and Lightcap, S.W., 2014, Breeding site selection by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to large wood additions and factors that influence reproductive success: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 71, no. 10, p. 1498-1507, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0020.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1498","endPage":"1507","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057024","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299201,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Douglas County","otherGeospatial":"Little Wolf Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.904052734375,\n 43.09697190802465\n ],\n [\n -122.904052734375,\n 44.000717834282774\n ],\n [\n -121.431884765625,\n 44.000717834282774\n ],\n [\n -121.431884765625,\n 43.09697190802465\n ],\n [\n -122.904052734375,\n 43.09697190802465\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bc529e4b0323842783a3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Steven M.","contributorId":7989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B. 0000-0002-6268-0633 jdunham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":1808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","email":"jdunham@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McEnroe, Jeffery R.","contributorId":139990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEnroe","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lightcap, Scott W.","contributorId":139991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lightcap","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70174027,"text":"70174027 - 2014 - Supplemental feeding alters migration of a temperate ungulate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:01:08","indexId":"70174027","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Supplemental feeding alters migration of a temperate ungulate","docAbstract":"

Conservation of migration requires information on behavior and environmental determinants. The spatial distribution of forage resources, which migration exploits, often are altered and may have subtle, unintended consequences. Supplemental feeding is a common management practice, particularly for ungulates in North America and Europe, and carryover effects on behavior of this anthropogenic manipulation of forage are expected in theory, but have received limited empirical evaluation, particularly regarding effects on migration. We used global positioning system (GPS) data to evaluate the influence of winter feeding on migration behavior of 219 adult female elk (Cervus elaphus) from 18 fed ranges and 4 unfed ranges in western Wyoming. Principal component analysis revealed that the migratory behavior of fed and unfed elk differed in distance migrated, and the timing of arrival to, duration on, and departure from summer range. Fed elk migrated 19.2 km less, spent 11 more days on stopover sites, arrived to summer range 5 days later, resided on summer range 26 fewer days, and departed in the autumn 10 days earlier than unfed elk. Time-to-event models indicated that differences in migratory behavior between fed and unfed elk were caused by altered sensitivity to the environmental drivers of migration. In spring, unfed elk migrated following plant green-up closely, whereas fed elk departed the feedground but lingered on transitional range, thereby delaying their arrival to summer range. In autumn, fed elk were more responsive to low temperatures and precipitation events, causing earlier departure from summer range than unfed elk. Overall, supplemental feeding disconnected migration by fed elk from spring green-up and decreased time spent on summer range, thereby reducing access to quality forage. Our findings suggest that ungulate migration can be substantially altered by changes to the spatial distribution of resources, including those of anthropogenic origin, and that management practices applied in one season may have unintended behavioral consequences in subsequent seasons.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecology Society of America","doi":"10.1890/13-2092.1","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.D., Kauffman, M., Monteith, K.L., Scurlock, B.M., Albeke, S.E., and Cross, P.C., 2014, Supplemental feeding alters migration of a temperate ungulate: Ecological Applications, v. 24, no. 7, p. 1769-1779, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-2092.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1769","endPage":"1779","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051734","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324298,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1890/13-2092.1/abstract"},{"id":324334,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.830078125,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -110.830078125,\n 44.276671273775186\n ],\n [\n -107.22656249999999,\n 44.276671273775186\n ],\n [\n -107.22656249999999,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -110.830078125,\n 41.705728515237524\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576d0836e4b07657d1a37586","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Jennifer D.","contributorId":145754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16227,"text":"Institute on Ecosystems,Montana State University MT, 59715 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew mkauffman@usgs.gov","contributorId":171443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew","email":"mkauffman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Monteith, Kevin L.","contributorId":83400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monteith","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scurlock, Brandon M.","contributorId":93788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurlock","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6917,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Laramie, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Albeke, Shannon E.","contributorId":81781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albeke","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70125314,"text":"70125314 - 2014 - Wolf recovery: a response to Bergstrom","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-09T09:07:54","indexId":"70125314","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3587,"text":"The Wildlife Professional","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wolf recovery: a response to Bergstrom","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Alliance Communications Group","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., 2014, Wolf recovery: a response to Bergstrom: The Wildlife Professional, v. 8, no. 3, p. 8-8.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"8","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057918","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298342,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54fec440e4b02419550debfa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70191656,"text":"70191656 - 2014 - Prolonged instability prior to a regime shift","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-18T11:15:47","indexId":"70191656","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prolonged instability prior to a regime shift","docAbstract":"

Regime shifts are generally defined as the point of ‘abrupt’ change in the state of a system. However, a seemingly abrupt transition can be the product of a system reorganization that has been ongoing much longer than is evident in statistical analysis of a single component of the system. Using both univariate and multivariate statistical methods, we tested a long-term high-resolution paleoecological dataset with a known change in species assemblage for a regime shift. Analysis of this dataset with Fisher Information and multivariate time series modeling showed that there was a∼2000 year period of instability prior to the regime shift. This period of instability and the subsequent regime shift coincide with regional climate change, indicating that the system is undergoing extrinsic forcing. Paleoecological records offer a unique opportunity to test tools for the detection of thresholds and stable-states, and thus to examine the long-term stability of ecosystems over periods of multiple millennia.

","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0108936","usgsCitation":"Spanbauer, T., Allen, C.R., Angeler, D., Eason, T., Fritz, S.C., Garmestani, A.S., Nash, K.L., and Stone, J., 2014, Prolonged instability prior to a regime shift: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 10, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108936.","productDescription":" e108936; 7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-056958","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108936","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e8683ee4b05fe04cd4d255","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spanbauer, Trisha","contributorId":146435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spanbauer","given":"Trisha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16610,"text":"University of Nebraska-Lincoln","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":713313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eason, Tarsha","contributorId":82220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eason","given":"Tarsha","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fritz, Sherilyn C.","contributorId":30155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritz","given":"Sherilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Garmestani, Ahjond S.","contributorId":77285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garmestani","given":"Ahjond","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nash, Kirsty L.","contributorId":40897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"Kirsty","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stone, Jeffery R.","contributorId":95501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Jeffery R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70186694,"text":"70186694 - 2014 - Mineral resource of the month: Vermiculite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T13:04:07","indexId":"70186694","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1419,"text":"Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral resource of the month: Vermiculite","docAbstract":"

Vermiculite comprises a group of hydrated, laminar magnesium-aluminum-iron silicate minerals resembling mica. They are secondary minerals, typically altered biotite, iron-rich phlogopite or other micas or clay-like minerals that are themselves sometimes alteration products of amphibole, chlorite, olivine and pyroxene. Vermiculite deposits are associated with volcanic ultramafic rocks rich in magnesium silicate minerals, and flakes of the mineral range in color from black to shades of brown and yellow. The crystal structure of vermiculite contains water molecules, a property that is critical to its processing for common uses.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGI","usgsCitation":"Tanner, A.O., 2014, Mineral resource of the month: Vermiculite: Earth, v. October 2014, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-058027","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339408,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.earthmagazine.org/article/mineral-resource-month-vermiculite"}],"volume":"October 2014","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a545e4b09da6799d63b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanner, Arnold O. atanner@usgs.gov","contributorId":524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"Arnold","email":"atanner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171512,"text":"70171512 - 2014 - Chemical complexity and source of the White River Ash, Alaska and Yukon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T10:49:41","indexId":"70171512","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical complexity and source of the White River Ash, Alaska and Yukon","docAbstract":"

The White River Ash, a prominent stratigraphic marker bed in Alaska (USA) and Yukon (Canada), consists of multiple compositional units belonging to two geochemical groups. The compositional units are characterized using multiple criteria, with combined glass and ilmenite compositions being the best discriminators. Two compositional units compose the northern group (WRA-Na and WRA-Nb), and two units are present in the eastern group (WRA-Ea and the younger, WRA-Eb). In the proximal area, the ca. 1900 yr B.P. (Lerbekmo et al., 1975) WRA-Na displays reverse zoning in the glass phase and systematic changes in ilmenite composition and estimated oxygen fugacity from the base to the top of the unit. The eruption probably tapped different magma batches or bodies within the magma reservoir with limited mixing or mingling between them. The 1147 cal yr B.P. (calibrated years, approximately equivalent to calendric years) (Clague et al., 1995) WRA-Ea eruption is only weakly zoned, but pumices with different glass compositions are present, along with gray and white intermingled glass in individual pumice clasts, indicating the presence of multiple magmatic bodies or layers. All White River Ash products are high-silica adakites and are sourced from the Mount Churchill magmatic system.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00953.1","usgsCitation":"Preece, S., McGimsey, R.G., Westgate, J., Pearce, N., Hartmann, W., and Perkins, W., 2014, Chemical complexity and source of the White River Ash, Alaska and Yukon: Geosphere, v. 10, no. 2014, p. 1020-1042, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00953.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1020","endPage":"1042","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059491","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472734,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00953.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":322089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Yukon","geographicExtents":"{\n 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Westgate, J.A.","contributorId":63164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westgate","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearce, N.J.G.","contributorId":75763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"N.J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hartmann, W.K.","contributorId":96002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartmann","given":"W.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Perkins, W.T.","contributorId":169933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perkins","given":"W.T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25630,"text":"Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70168386,"text":"70168386 - 2014 - The role of reserves and anthropogenic elements for functional connectivity and resilience of ephemeral habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T12:53:14","indexId":"70168386","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of reserves and anthropogenic elements for functional connectivity and resilience of ephemeral habitats","docAbstract":"

Ecological reserves provide important wildlife habitat in many landscapes, and the functional connectivity of reserves and other suitable habitat patches is crucial for the persistence and resilience of spatially structured populations. To maintain or increase connectivity at spatial scales larger than individual patches, conservation actions may focus on creating and maintaining reserves and/or influencing management on non-reserves. Using a graph-theoretic approach, we assessed the functional connectivity and spatial distribution of wetlands in the Rainwater Basin of Nebraska, USA, an intensively cultivated agricultural matrix, at four assumed, but ecologically realistic, anuran dispersal distances. We compared connectivity in the current landscape to the historical landscape and putative future landscapes, and evaluated the importance of individual and aggregated reserve and non-reserve wetlands for maintaining connectivity. Connectivity was greatest in the historical landscape, where wetlands were also the most densely distributed. The construction of irrigation reuse pits for water storage has maintained connectivity in the current landscape by replacing destroyed wetlands, but these pits likely provide suboptimal habitat. Also, because there are fewer total wetlands (i.e., wetlands and irrigation reuse pits) in the current landscape than the historical landscape, and because the distribution of current wetlands is less clustered than that of historical wetlands, larger and longer dispersing, sometimes nonnative species may be favored over smaller, shorter dispersing species of conservation concern. Because of their relatively low number, wetland reserves do not affect connectivity as greatly as non-reserve wetlands or irrigation reuse pits; however, they likely provide the highest quality anuran habitat. To improve future levels of resilience in this wetland habitat network, management could focus on continuing to improve the conservation status of non-reserve wetlands, restoring wetlands at spatial scales that promote movements of shorter dispersing species, and further scrutinizing irrigation reuse pit removal by considering effects on functional connectivity for anurans, an emblematic and threatened group of organisms. However, broader conservation plans will need to give consideration to other wetland-dependent species, incorporate invasive species management, and address additional challenges arising from global change in social-ecological systems like the Rainwater Basin.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/13-1755.1","usgsCitation":"Uden, D.R., Hellman, M., Angeler, D., and Allen, C.R., 2014, The role of reserves and anthropogenic elements for functional connectivity and resilience of ephemeral habitats: Ecological Applications, v. 24, no. 7, p. 1569-1582, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-1755.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1569","endPage":"1582","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052968","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Rainwater Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.77783203125,\n 40.22921818870117\n ],\n [\n -99.77783203125,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -96.591796875,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -96.591796875,\n 40.22921818870117\n ],\n [\n -99.77783203125,\n 40.22921818870117\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bdbed0e4b06458514aeeed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Uden, Daniel R.","contributorId":74258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uden","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hellman, Michelle L.","contributorId":33185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hellman","given":"Michelle L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70155825,"text":"70155825 - 2014 - Assessing the risk persistent drought using climate model simulations and paleoclimate data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T13:58:37","indexId":"70155825","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the risk persistent drought using climate model simulations and paleoclimate data","docAbstract":"

Projected changes in global rainfall patterns will likely alter water supplies and ecosystems in semiarid regions during the coming century. Instrumental and paleoclimate data indicate that natural hydroclimate fluctuations tend to be more energetic at low (multidecadal to multicentury) than at high (interannual) frequencies. State-of-the-art global climate models do not capture this characteristic of hydroclimate variability, suggesting that the models underestimate the risk of future persistent droughts. Methods are developed here for assessing the risk of such events in the coming century using climate model projections as well as observational (paleoclimate) information. Where instrumental and paleoclimate data are reliable, these methods may provide a more complete view of prolonged drought risk. In the U.S. Southwest, for instance, state-of-the-art climate model projections suggest the risk of a decade-scale megadrought in the coming century is less than 50%; the analysis herein suggests that the risk is at least 80%, and may be higher than 90% in certain areas. The likelihood of longer-lived events (>35 yr) is between 20% and 50%, and the risk of an unprecedented 50-yr megadrought is nonnegligible under the most severe warming scenario (5%–10%). These findings are important to consider as adaptation and mitigation strategies are developed to cope with regional impacts of climate change, where population growth is high and multidecadal megadrought—worse than anything seen during the last 2000 years—would pose unprecedented challenges to water resources in the region.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00282.1","usgsCitation":"Ault, T.R., Cole, J.E., Overpeck, J.T., Pederson, G.T., and Meko, D.M., 2014, Assessing the risk persistent drought using climate model simulations and paleoclimate data: Journal of Climate, v. 27, no. 20, p. 7529-7549, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00282.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"7529","endPage":"7549","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024658","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472725,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00282.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.0185546875,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -103.6669921875,\n 32.0639555946604\n ],\n [\n -108.06152343749999,\n 31.840232667909365\n ],\n [\n -108.2373046875,\n 31.240985378021307\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 31.39115752282472\n ],\n [\n -115.04882812499999,\n 32.62087018318113\n ],\n [\n -117.333984375,\n 32.62087018318113\n ],\n [\n -118.125,\n 33.61461929233378\n ],\n [\n -119.66308593749999,\n 34.19817309627726\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 34.59704151614417\n ],\n [\n -120.76171875,\n 35.137879119634185\n ],\n [\n -122.16796875,\n 36.77409249464195\n ],\n [\n -123.1787109375,\n 37.96152331396616\n ],\n [\n -123.662109375,\n 39.198205348894795\n ],\n [\n -124.5849609375,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n -124.23339843749999,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -124.8046875,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -124.1015625,\n 44.62175409623324\n ],\n [\n -124.18945312500001,\n 45.79816953017265\n ],\n [\n -124.27734374999999,\n 46.92025531537451\n ],\n [\n -124.67285156250001,\n 47.96050238891509\n ],\n [\n -124.98046874999999,\n 48.45835188280866\n ],\n [\n -123.3544921875,\n 48.25394114463431\n ],\n [\n -122.607421875,\n 47.96050238891509\n ],\n [\n -122.29980468749999,\n 48.48748647988415\n ],\n [\n -122.87109375,\n 48.951366470947725\n ],\n [\n -122.34374999999999,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -104.0185546875,\n 48.980216985374994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cc6e28e4b08400b1fe0fcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ault, Toby R.","contributorId":146164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ault","given":"Toby","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, Julia E.","contributorId":69871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overpeck, Jonathan T.","contributorId":146162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Overpeck","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pederson, Gregory T. 0000-0002-6014-1425 gpederson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-1425","contributorId":3106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gregory","email":"gpederson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meko, David M.","contributorId":145887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meko","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70187367,"text":"70187367 - 2014 - Survival of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts through a hydropower complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T10:05:26","indexId":"70187367","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts through a hydropower complex","docAbstract":"

This study evaluated Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolt survival through the lower Penobscot River, Maine, U.S.A., and characterized relative differences in proportional use and survival through the main-stem of the river and an alternative migration route, the Stillwater Branch. The work was conducted prior to removal of two main-stem dams and operational changes in hydropower facilities in the Stillwater Branch. Survival and proportional use of migration routes in the lower Penobscot were estimated from multistate (MS) models based on 6 years of acoustic telemetry data from 1669 smolts and 2 years of radio-telemetry data from 190 fish. A small proportion (0·12, 95% c.i. = 0·06–0·25) of smolts used the Stillwater Branch, and mean survival through the two operational dams in this part of the river was relatively high (1·00 and 0·97). Survival at Milford Dam, the dam that will remain in the main-stem of the Penobscot River, was relatively low (0·91), whereas survival through two dams that were removed was relatively high (0·99 and 0·98). Smolt survival could decrease in the Stillwater Branch with the addition of two new powerhouses while continuing to meet fish passage standards. The effects of removing two dams in the main-stem are expected to be negligible for smolt survival based on high survival observed from 2005 to 2012 at those locations. Survival through Milford Dam was been well below current regulatory standards, and thus improvement of passage at this location offers the best opportunity for improving overall smolt survival in the lower river.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfb.12483","usgsCitation":"Stich, D., Bailey, M., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2014, Survival of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts through a hydropower complex: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 85, no. 4, p. 1074-1096, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12483.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1074","endPage":"1096","ipdsId":"IP-052398","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.9337158203125,\n 44.56894765233198\n ],\n [\n -68.51898193359375,\n 44.56894765233198\n ],\n [\n -68.51898193359375,\n 45.236217535866025\n ],\n [\n -68.9337158203125,\n 45.236217535866025\n ],\n [\n -68.9337158203125,\n 44.56894765233198\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492ee4b0fc4e448ffd72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stich, D.S.","contributorId":169719,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stich","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, M.M.","contributorId":7494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70142181,"text":"70142181 - 2014 - Depth gradients in food-web processes linking habitats in large lakes: Lake Superior as an exemplar ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-03T11:00:00","indexId":"70142181","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depth gradients in food-web processes linking habitats in large lakes: Lake Superior as an exemplar ecosystem","docAbstract":"
    \n
  1. In large lakes around the world, depth-based changes in the abundance and distribution of invertebrate and fish species suggest that there may be concomitant changes in patterns of resource allocation. Using Lake Superior of the Laurentian Great Lakes as an example, we explored this idea through stable isotope analyses of 13 major fish taxa.
    2. \n
  2. Patterns in carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios revealed use of both littoral and profundal benthos among populations of most taxa analysed regardless of the depth of their habitat, providing evidence of nearshore–offshore trophic linkages in the largest freshwater lake by area in the world.
    3. \n
  3. Isotope-mixing model results indicated that the overall importance of benthic food-web pathways to fish was highest in nearshore species, whereas the importance of planktonic pathways increased in offshore species. These characteristics, shared with the Great Lakes of Africa, Russia and Japan, appear to be governed by two key processes: high benthic production in nearshore waters and the prevalence of diel vertical migration (DVM) among offshore invertebrate and fish taxa. DVM facilitates use of pelagic food resources by deep-water biota and represents an important process of trophic linkage among habitats in large lakes.
    4. \n
  4. Support of whole-lake food webs through trophic linkages among pelagic, profundal and littoral habitats appears to be integral to the functioning of large lakes. These linkages can be disrupted though ecosystem disturbance such as eutrophication or the effects of invasive species and should be considered in native species restoration efforts.
    5. \n
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fwb.12415","usgsCitation":"Sierszen, M.E., Hrabik, T.R., Stockwell, J.D., Cotter, A.M., Hoffman, J.C., and Yule, D.L., 2014, Depth gradients in food-web processes linking habitats in large lakes: Lake Superior as an exemplar ecosystem: Freshwater Biology, v. 59, no. 10, p. 2122-2136, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12415.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2122","endPage":"2136","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050895","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298243,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Superior","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.363037109375,\n 49.01625665778159\n ],\n [\n -89.439697265625,\n 48.42920055556841\n ],\n [\n -89.703369140625,\n 48.04136507445029\n ],\n [\n -91.461181640625,\n 47.44294999517949\n ],\n [\n -92.120361328125,\n 46.852678248531106\n ],\n [\n -92.0654296875,\n 46.5739667965278\n ],\n [\n -91.01074218749999,\n 46.7549166192819\n ],\n [\n -91.021728515625,\n 46.52863469527167\n ],\n [\n -90.296630859375,\n 46.543749602738565\n ],\n [\n -89.09912109375,\n 46.90524554642923\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 47.27177506640826\n ],\n [\n -88.65966796875,\n 46.7549166192819\n ],\n [\n -88.428955078125,\n 46.64189395892874\n ],\n [\n -88.06640625,\n 46.81509864599243\n ],\n [\n -87.099609375,\n 46.354510837365254\n ],\n [\n -85.78125,\n 46.55886030311719\n ],\n [\n -85.133056640625,\n 46.63435070293566\n ],\n [\n -85.0341796875,\n 46.37725420510028\n ],\n [\n -84.254150390625,\n 46.37725420510028\n ],\n [\n -84.210205078125,\n 46.63435070293566\n ],\n [\n -84.44091796875,\n 47.04766864046083\n ],\n [\n -84.61669921875,\n 47.53945544742392\n ],\n [\n -84.91333007812499,\n 47.67278567576541\n ],\n [\n -84.67163085937499,\n 48.04136507445029\n ],\n [\n -85.02319335937499,\n 48.158757304569235\n ],\n [\n -85.62744140625,\n 48.019324184801185\n ],\n [\n -86.341552734375,\n 48.80686346108517\n ],\n [\n -88.143310546875,\n 49.0738659012854\n ],\n [\n -88.363037109375,\n 49.01625665778159\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f6e93ce4b02419550d309c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sierszen, Michael E.","contributorId":63320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sierszen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hrabik, Thomas R.","contributorId":35614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hrabik","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stockwell, Jason D. 0000-0003-3393-6799","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3393-6799","contributorId":61004,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stockwell","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cotter, Anne M","contributorId":139531,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cotter","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hoffman, Joel C.","contributorId":84244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoffman","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yule, Daniel L. dyule@usgs.gov","contributorId":139525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"Daniel","email":"dyule@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70189750,"text":"70189750 - 2014 - Laboratory generated M -6 earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-24T15:19:36","indexId":"70189750","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Laboratory generated M -6 earthquakes","docAbstract":"

We consider whether mm-scale earthquake-like seismic events generated in laboratory experiments are consistent with our understanding of the physics of larger earthquakes. This work focuses on a population of 48 very small shocks that are foreshocks and aftershocks of stick–slip events occurring on a 2.0 m by 0.4 m simulated strike-slip fault cut through a large granite sample. Unlike the larger stick–slip events that rupture the entirety of the simulated fault, the small foreshocks and aftershocks are contained events whose properties are controlled by the rigidity of the surrounding granite blocks rather than characteristics of the experimental apparatus. The large size of the experimental apparatus, high fidelity sensors, rigorous treatment of wave propagation effects, and in situ system calibration separates this study from traditional acoustic emission analyses and allows these sources to be studied with as much rigor as larger natural earthquakes. The tiny events have short (3–6 μs) rise times and are well modeled by simple double couple focal mechanisms that are consistent with left-lateral slip occurring on a mm-scale patch of the precut fault surface. The repeatability of the experiments indicates that they are the result of frictional processes on the simulated fault surface rather than grain crushing or fracture of fresh rock. Our waveform analysis shows no significant differences (other than size) between the M -7 to M -5.5 earthquakes reported here and larger natural earthquakes. Their source characteristics such as stress drop (1–10 MPa) appear to be entirely consistent with earthquake scaling laws derived for larger earthquakes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00024-013-0772-9","usgsCitation":"McLaskey, G.C., Kilgore, B.D., Lockner, D.A., and Beeler, N.M., 2014, Laboratory generated M -6 earthquakes: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 171, no. 10, p. 2601-2615, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-013-0772-9.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2601","endPage":"2615","ipdsId":"IP-046204","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344274,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"171","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59770751e4b0ec1a48889f90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLaskey, Gregory C. gmclaskey@usgs.gov","contributorId":4112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaskey","given":"Gregory","email":"gmclaskey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kilgore, Brian D. 0000-0003-0530-7979 bkilgore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7979","contributorId":3887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilgore","given":"Brian","email":"bkilgore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lockner, David A. 0000-0001-8630-6833 dlockner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"David","email":"dlockner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beeler, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-3397-8481 nbeeler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-8481","contributorId":2682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeler","given":"Nicholas","email":"nbeeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159345,"text":"70159345 - 2014 - Probabilistic estimation of dune retreat on the Gold Coast, Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T12:46:10","indexId":"70159345","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3385,"text":"Shore & Beach","printIssn":"0037-4237","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probabilistic estimation of dune retreat on the Gold Coast, Australia","docAbstract":"

Sand dunes are an important natural buffer between storm impacts and development backing the beach on the Gold Coast of Queensland, Australia. The ability to forecast dune erosion at a prediction horizon of days to a week would allow efficient and timely response to dune erosion in this highly populated area. Towards this goal, we modified an existing probabilistic dune erosion model for use on the Gold Coast. The original model was trained using observations of dune response from Hurricane Ivan on Santa Rosa Island, Florida, USA (Plant and Stockdon 2012. Probabilistic prediction of barrier-island response to hurricanes, Journal of Geophysical Research, 117(F3), F03015). The model relates dune position change to pre-storm dune elevations, dune widths, and beach widths, along with storm surge and run-up using a Bayesian network. The Bayesian approach captures the uncertainty of inputs and predictions through the conditional probabilities between variables. Three versions of the barrier island response Bayesian network were tested for use on the Gold Coast. One network has the same structure as the original and was trained with the Santa Rosa Island data. The second network has a modified design and was trained using only pre- and post-storm data from 1988-2009 for the Gold Coast. The third version of the network has the same design as the second version of the network and was trained with the combined data from the Gold Coast and Santa Rosa Island. The two networks modified for use on the Gold Coast hindcast dune retreat with equal accuracy. Both networks explained 60% of the observed dune retreat variance, which is comparable to the skill observed by Plant and Stockdon (2012) in the initial Bayesian network application at Santa Rosa Island. The new networks improved predictions relative to application of the original network on the Gold Coast. Dune width was the most important morphologic variable in hindcasting dune retreat, while hydrodynamic variables, surge and run-up elevation, were also important

","language":"English","publisher":"American Shore and Beach Preservation Association (ASBPA)","usgsCitation":"Palmsten, M.L., Splinter, K.D., Plant, N.G., and Stockdon, H.F., 2014, Probabilistic estimation of dune retreat on the Gold Coast, Australia: Shore & Beach, v. 82, no. 4, p. 35-43.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"43","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059175","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310746,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328830,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://asbpa.org/publications/shore-and-beach/"}],"country":"Australia","state":"Queensland","otherGeospatial":"Gold Coast","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 151.98486328125,\n -28.786918085420226\n ],\n [\n 151.98486328125,\n -24.567108352575975\n ],\n [\n 153.885498046875,\n -24.567108352575975\n ],\n [\n 153.885498046875,\n -28.786918085420226\n ],\n [\n 151.98486328125,\n -28.786918085420226\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56334340e4b048076347eeda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmsten, Margaret L.","contributorId":149363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmsten","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17718,"text":"Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Splinter, Kristen D.","contributorId":147358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Splinter","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16827,"text":"UNSW Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stockdon, Hilary F. 0000-0003-0791-4676 hstockdon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-4676","contributorId":2153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockdon","given":"Hilary","email":"hstockdon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70136234,"text":"70136234 - 2014 - Climatic and density influences on recruitment in an irruptive population of Roosevelt elk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-30T11:45:01","indexId":"70136234","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climatic and density influences on recruitment in an irruptive population of Roosevelt elk","docAbstract":"

Current paradigms of ungulate population ecology recognize that density-dependent and independent mechanisms are not always mutually exclusive. Long-term data sets are necessary to assess the relative strength of each mechanism, especially when populations display irruptive dynamics. Using an 18-year time series of population abundances of Roosevelt elk (Cervus elaphus roosevelti) inhabiting Redwood National Park in northwestern California we assessed the influence of population size and climatic variation on elk recruitment and whether irruptive dynamics occurred. An information-theoretic model selection analysis indicated that abundance lagged 2 years and neither climatic factors nor a mix of abundance and climatic factors influenced elk recruitment. However, density-dependent recruitment differed between when the population was declining and when the population increased and then stabilized at an abundance lower than at the start of the decline. The population displayed irruptive dynamics.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mammalogists","doi":"10.1644/13-MAMM-A-313","usgsCitation":"Starns, H.D., Ricca, M.A., Duarte, A., and Weckerly, F.W., 2014, Climatic and density influences on recruitment in an irruptive population of Roosevelt elk: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 95, no. 5, p. 925-932, https://doi.org/10.1644/13-MAMM-A-313.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"925","endPage":"932","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052048","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296933,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b5be4b08de9379b3337","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Starns, Heath D.","contributorId":131091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Starns","given":"Heath","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6960,"text":"Department of Biology, Texas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ricca, Mark A. mark_ricca@usgs.gov","contributorId":2400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricca","given":"Mark","email":"mark_ricca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duarte, Adam","contributorId":28492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duarte","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":6960,"text":"Department of Biology, Texas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weckerly, Floyd W.","contributorId":10298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weckerly","given":"Floyd","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6960,"text":"Department of Biology, Texas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70137269,"text":"70137269 - 2014 - Subsurface geometry of the San Andreas-Calaveras fault junction: Influence of serpentinite and the Coast Range Ophiolite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-21T16:32:03.713914","indexId":"70137269","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface geometry of the San Andreas-Calaveras fault junction: Influence of serpentinite and the Coast Range Ophiolite","docAbstract":"

While an enormous amount of research has been focused on trying to understand the geologic history and neotectonics of the San Andreas-Calaveras fault (SAF-CF) junction, fundamental questions concerning fault geometry and mechanisms for slip transfer through the junction remain. We use potential-field, geologic, geodetic, and seismicity data to investigate the 3-D geologic framework of the SAF-CF junction and identify potential slip-transferring structures within the junction. Geophysical evidence suggests that the San Andreas and Calaveras fault zones dip away from each other within the northern portion of the junction, bounding a triangular-shaped wedge of crust in cross section. This wedge changes shape to the south as fault geometries change and fault activity shifts between fault strands, particularly along the Calaveras fault zone (CFZ). Potential-field modeling and relocated seismicity suggest that the Paicines and San Benito strands of the CFZ dip 65° to 70° NE and form the southwest boundary of a folded 1 to 3 km thick tabular body of Coast Range Ophiolite (CRO) within the Vallecitos syncline. We identify and characterize two steeply dipping, seismically active cross structures within the junction that are associated with serpentinite in the subsurface. The architecture of the SAF-CF junction presented in this study may help explain fault-normal motions currently observed in geodetic data and help constrain the seismic hazard. The abundance of serpentinite and related CRO in the subsurface is a significant discovery that not only helps constrain the geometry of structures but may also help explain fault behavior and the tectonic evolution of the SAF-CF junction.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014TC003561","usgsCitation":"Watt, J.T., Ponce, D.A., Graymer, R.W., Jachens, R.C., and Simpson, R.W., 2014, Subsurface geometry of the San Andreas-Calaveras fault junction: Influence of serpentinite and the Coast Range Ophiolite: Tectonics, v. 33, no. 10, p. 2025-2044, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014TC003561.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"2025","endPage":"2044","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058037","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014tc003561","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297025,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas-Calaveras fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.03613281249999,\n 36.4433803110554\n ],\n [\n -122.03613281249999,\n 37.46613860234406\n ],\n [\n -120.7781982421875,\n 37.46613860234406\n ],\n [\n -120.7781982421875,\n 36.4433803110554\n ],\n [\n -122.03613281249999,\n 36.4433803110554\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c64e4b08de9379b3789","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2014tc003561","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014tc003561","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Watt Janet T., Ponce David A., Graymer Russell W., Jachens Robert C., Simpson Robert W.","journalName":"Tectonics","publicationDate":"10/2014","auditedOn":"3/17/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watt, Janet Tilden 0000-0002-4759-3814 jwatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4759-3814","contributorId":1754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"Janet","email":"jwatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tilden","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ponce, David A. 0000-0003-4785-7354 ponce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":1049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"David","email":"ponce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graymer, Russell W. 0000-0003-4910-5682 rgraymer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4910-5682","contributorId":1052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graymer","given":"Russell","email":"rgraymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Simpson, Robert W. simpson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"Robert","email":"simpson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70145709,"text":"70145709 - 2014 - Palila restoration research, 1996−2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T13:04:12","indexId":"70145709","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-046","title":"Palila restoration research, 1996−2012","docAbstract":"

The Palila Restoration Project was initiated in 1996 by the U.S. Geological Survey to assist government agencies mitigate the effects of realigning Saddle Road (Highway 200) through Palila Critical Habitat (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1998, Federal Highway Administration 1999). Ecological research on the palila (Loxioides bailleui), an endangered Hawaiian forest bird, carried out by the U.S. Geological Survey (formerly organized as the Research Division of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) since 1987 and research conducted by the Palila Restoration Project provided the scientific bases for developing a recovery strategy (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 2006) and its adaptive implementation. The main objectives of the Palila Restoration Project were to develop techniques for reintroducing the palila to a portion of its former range, investigate the biological threats to the palila and its habitat, and synthesize the existing body of ecological knowledge concerning the palila. Five broad study themes formed the research framework: 1. Population reintroduction and restoration 2. Demography and breeding ecology 3. Habitat use and food ecology 4. Vegetation ecology 5. Predator ecology and management An element that was not included in the research program of the project was the ecology and management of introduced ungulates, which has historically constituted the single greatest threat to Palila Critical Habitat (Banko et al. 2009). The absence of ungulate studies should not be interpreted to mean that we believe ungulates no longer damage palila habitat. Other research has already established that removing alien browsers and grazers from Mauna Kea is essential for the recovery of the subalpine forest on which palila now depend (Scowcroft and Giffin 1983; Scowcroft and Sakai 1983; Scowcroft and Conrad 1988, 1992; Hess et al. 1999). Moreover, the Federal District Court of Hawai‘i has ordered the state of Hawai‘i to remove browsing ungulates from Palila Critical Habitat (Banko et al. 2009, Hess and Banko 2011). This final report summarizes results of Palila Restoration Project research from December 1996 to December 2012. Even though some results contained in this report have been published in scientific journals and other technical reports (Appendix I), they are included here to provide a comprehensive chronicle of all project activities. 

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Banko, P.C., Farmer, C., Atkinson, C.T., Brinck, K., Camp, R., Cole, C., Canner, R., Dougill, S., Goltz, D., Gray, E., Hess, S.C., Higashino, J., Jarvi, S.I., Johnson, L., Laniawe, L., Laut, M., Miller, L., Murray, C.J., Nelson, D., Leonard, D., Oboyshi, P., Patch-Highfill, L., Pollock, D., Rapozo, K., Schwarzfeld, M., Slotterback, J., and Stephens, R., 2014, Palila restoration research, 1996−2012: Technical Report HCSU-046, v. 46, Report: iv, 493 p.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 493 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"493","numberOfPages":"499","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060486","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326240,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27}]}} ,{"id":70187369,"text":"70187369 - 2014 - Smolting in coastal cutthroat trout Onchorhynchus clarkii clarkii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T10:00:37","indexId":"70187369","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Smolting in coastal cutthroat trout Onchorhynchus clarkii clarkii","docAbstract":"

Gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity, condition factor and seawater (SW) challenges were used to assess the development of smolt characteristics in a cohort of hatchery coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii from the Cowlitz River in Washington State, U.S.A. Gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity increased slightly in the spring, coinciding with an increase in hypo-osmoregulatory ability. These changes were of lesser magnitude than are observed in other salmonine species. Even at the peak of tolerance, these fish exhibited notable osmotic perturbations in full strength SW. Condition factor in these hatchery fish declined steadily through the spring. Wild captured migrants from four tributaries of the Columbia River had moderately elevated gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity, consistent with smolt development and with greater enzyme activity than autumn captured juveniles from one of the tributaries, Abernathy Creek. Migrant fish also had reduced condition factor. General linear models of 7 years of data from Abernathy Creek suggest that yearly variation, advancing photoperiod (as ordinal date) and fish size (fork length) were significant factors for predicting gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity in these wild fish. Both yearly variation and temperature were significant factors for predicting condition factor. These results suggest that coastal O. c. clarkii exhibit weakly developed characteristics of smolting. These changes are influenced by environmental conditions with great individual variation. The data suggest great physiological plasticity consistent with the variable life-history tactics observed in this species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfb.12480","usgsCitation":"Zydlewski, J.D., Zydlewski, G., Kennedy, B., and Gale, W., 2014, Smolting in coastal cutthroat trout Onchorhynchus clarkii clarkii: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 85, no. 4, p. 1111-1130, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12480.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1111","endPage":"1130","ipdsId":"IP-052400","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492ee4b0fc4e448ffd70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zydlewski, G.","contributorId":69452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennedy, B.","contributorId":191614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gale, W.","contributorId":191615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gale","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70123433,"text":"ofr20141190 - 2014 - Downscaled climate projections for the Southeast United States: evaluation and use for ecological applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-30T16:52:51","indexId":"ofr20141190","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-30T16:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1190","title":"Downscaled climate projections for the Southeast United States: evaluation and use for ecological applications","docAbstract":"Climate change is likely to have many effects on natural ecosystems in the Southeast U.S. The National Climate Assessment Southeast Technical Report (SETR) indicates that natural ecosystems in the Southeast are likely to be affected by warming temperatures, ocean acidification, sea-level rise, and changes in rainfall and evapotranspiration. To better assess these how climate changes could affect multiple sectors, including ecosystems, climatologists have created several downscaled climate projections (or downscaled datasets) that contain information from the global climate models (GCMs) translated to regional or local scales. The process of creating these downscaled datasets, known as downscaling, can be carried out using a broad range of statistical or numerical modeling techniques. The rapid proliferation of techniques that can be used for downscaling and the number of downscaled datasets produced in recent years present many challenges for scientists and decisionmakers in assessing the impact or vulnerability of a given species or ecosystem to climate change. Given the number of available downscaled datasets, how do these model outputs compare to each other? Which variables are available, and are certain downscaled datasets more appropriate for assessing vulnerability of a particular species? Given the desire to use these datasets for impact and vulnerability assessments and the lack of comparison between these datasets, the goal of this report is to synthesize the information available in these downscaled datasets and provide guidance to scientists and natural resource managers with specific interests in ecological modeling and conservation planning related to climate change in the Southeast U.S. This report enables the Southeast Climate Science Center (SECSC) to address an important strategic goal of providing scientific information and guidance that will enable resource managers and other participants in Landscape Conservation Cooperatives to make science-based climate change adaptation decisions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141190","usgsCitation":"Wootten, A., Smith, K., Boyles, R., Terando, A., Stefanova, L., Misra, V., Smith, T., Blodgett, D.L., and Semazzi, F., 2014, Downscaled climate projections for the Southeast United States: evaluation and use for ecological applications: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1190, Report: v, 54 p.; 3 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141190.","productDescription":"Report: v, 54 p.; 3 Appendices","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055253","costCenters":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141190.jpg"},{"id":294685,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1190/appendix/ofr2014-1190_appendix3.pdf"},{"id":294686,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1190/appendix/ofr2014-1190_appendix4.pdf"},{"id":294682,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1190/"},{"id":294683,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1190/pdf/ofr2014-1190.pdf"},{"id":294684,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1190/appendix/ofr2014-1190_appendix2.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.00,25.00 ], [ -95.00,40.00 ], [ -75.00,40.00 ], [ -75.00,25.00 ], [ -95.00,25.00 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bb80be4b0abfb4c809678","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wootten, Adrienne","contributorId":23465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wootten","given":"Adrienne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Kara","contributorId":78658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyles, Ryan","contributorId":42897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyles","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Terando, Adam aterando@usgs.gov","contributorId":4792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terando","given":"Adam","email":"aterando@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stefanova, Lydia","contributorId":48300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stefanova","given":"Lydia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Misra, Vasru","contributorId":48886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Misra","given":"Vasru","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, Tom","contributorId":7387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Tom","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Blodgett, David L. 0000-0001-9489-1710 dblodgett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9489-1710","contributorId":3868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"David","email":"dblodgett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Semazzi, Fredrick","contributorId":92978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semazzi","given":"Fredrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70127474,"text":"pp1798L - 2014 - Ecosystem effects in the Lower Mississippi River Basin","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70127474,"text":"pp1798L - 2014 - Ecosystem effects in the Lower Mississippi River Basin","indexId":"pp1798L","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"L","title":"Ecosystem effects in the Lower Mississippi River Basin"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 2013 - 2011 floods of the central United States","indexId":"pp1798","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"2011 floods of the central United States"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 2013 - 2011 floods of the central United States","indexId":"pp1798","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"2011 floods of the central United States"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-18T13:34:20.954125","indexId":"pp1798L","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-30T15:21:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1798","chapter":"L","title":"Ecosystem effects in the Lower Mississippi River Basin","docAbstract":"The 2011 Mississippi River flood in the Lower Mississippi River Basin was one of the largest flood events in recorded history, producing the largest or next to largest peak streamflow for the period of record at a number of streamgages on the lower Mississippi River. Ecosystem effects include changes to wetlands, nutrient transport, and land accretion and sediment deposition changes. Direct effects to the wetland ecosystems in the Lower Mississippi River Basin were minimized because of the expansive levee system built to pass floodwaters. Nutrients carried by the Mississippi River affect water quality in the Lower Mississippi River Basin. During 2011, nutrient fluxes in the lower Mississippi River were about average. Generally, nutrient delivery of the Mississippi and Atchafalaya Rivers contributes to the size of the hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico. Based on available limited post-flood satellite imagery, some land expansion in both the Wax Lake and Atchafalaya River Deltas was observed. A wetland sediment survey completed in June 2011 indicated that recent sediment deposits were relatively thicker in the Atchafalaya and Mississippi River (Birdsfoot) Delta marshes compared to marshes farther from these rivers.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"2011 Floods of the Central United States","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1798L","usgsCitation":"Turnipseed, D.P., Allen, Y.C., Couvillion, B., McKee, K.L., and Vervaeke, W.C., 2014, Ecosystem effects in the Lower Mississippi River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1798, v, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1798L.","productDescription":"v, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042190","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294671,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1798l/pdf/pp1798l.pdf"},{"id":294691,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1798l/"},{"id":294672,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp1798l.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.830936,29.164113 ], [ -91.830936,32.428085 ], [ -89.918735,32.428085 ], [ -89.918735,29.164113 ], [ -91.830936,29.164113 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"

Contact Pubs Warehouse

","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bb80be4b0abfb4c809680","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turnipseed, D. Phil 0000-0002-9737-3203 pturnip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-3203","contributorId":298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turnipseed","given":"D.","email":"pturnip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Phil","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Yvonne C.","contributorId":94403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Yvonne","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Couvillion, Brady R. 0000-0001-5323-1687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5323-1687","contributorId":98834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Couvillion","given":"Brady R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKee, Karen L. 0000-0001-7042-670X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-670X","contributorId":8927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vervaeke, William C. 0000-0002-1518-5197","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1518-5197","contributorId":96613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vervaeke","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70127524,"text":"70127524 - 2014 - Watching the dark: New surveillance cameras are changing bat research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-21T16:23:27","indexId":"70127524","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-30T10:31:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":974,"text":"BATS Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Watching the dark: New surveillance cameras are changing bat research","docAbstract":"It is, according to an old proverb, “better to light a candle than to curse the darkness.” And those of us trying to discover new insights into the mysterious lives of bats often do a lot of cursing in the darkness. Bats do most things under cover of night, and often in places where humans and most other animals can’t go. This dark inaccessibility is great for bats, but not so great for those of us trying to study them. Successful conservation hinges on understanding bat behaviors and needs, as well as identifying and addressing the things that threaten them in the darkness. But how do we light a candle without scaring the bats away or altering their behavior?","language":"English","publisher":"Bat Conservation International","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","usgsCitation":"Cryan, P.M., and Gorresen, P.M., 2014, Watching the dark: New surveillance cameras are changing bat research: BATS Magazine, v. 32, no. 1, p. 2-4.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"2","endPage":"4","ipdsId":"IP-055600","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294619,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294593,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.batcon.org/index.php/resources/media-education/bats-magazine/bat_article/1177"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bb80fe4b0abfb4c8096ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cryan, Paul M. 0000-0002-2915-8894 cryanp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8894","contributorId":2356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cryan","given":"Paul","email":"cryanp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gorresen, P. Marcos mgorresen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorresen","given":"P.","email":"mgorresen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Marcos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70127500,"text":"70127500 - 2014 - Shaking from injection-induced earthquakes in the central and eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-10T16:43:06","indexId":"70127500","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-30T10:23:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shaking from injection-induced earthquakes in the central and eastern United States","docAbstract":"In this study I consider the ground motions generated by 11 moderate (Mw4.0-5.6) earthquakes in the central and eastern United States that are thought or suspected to be induced by fluid injection. Using spatially rich intensity data from the USGS “Did You Feel It?” system, I show that the distance decay of intensities for all events is consistent with that observed for tectonic earthquakes in the region, but for all of the events, intensities are lower than values predicted from an intensity prediction equation that successfully characterizes intensities for regional tectonic events. I introduce an effective intensity magnitude, MIE, defined as the magnitude that on average would generate a given intensity distribution. For all 11 events, MIE is lower than the event magnitude by 0.4-1.3 magnitude units, with an average difference of 0.82 units. This suggests that stress drops of injection-induced earthquakes are systematically lower than tectonic earthquakes by an estimated factor of 2-10. However, relatively limited data suggest that intensities for epicentral distances less than 10 km are more commensurate with expectations for the event magnitude, which can be reasonably explained by the shallow focal depth of the events. The results suggest that damage from injection-induced earthquakes will be especially concentrated in the immediate epicentral region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120140099","usgsCitation":"Hough, S.E., 2014, Shaking from injection-induced earthquakes in the central and eastern United States: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 104, no. 5, p. 2619-2626, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120140099.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2619","endPage":"2626","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-056080","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294617,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294591,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120140099"}],"country":"United States","volume":"104","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bb80ee4b0abfb4c8096ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hough, Susan E. 0000-0002-5980-2986 hough@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"Susan","email":"hough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70127481,"text":"70127481 - 2014 - Mercury deposition and methylmercury formation in Narraguinnep Reservoir, southwestern Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-10T16:32:57","indexId":"70127481","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-30T10:06:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury deposition and methylmercury formation in Narraguinnep Reservoir, southwestern Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Narraguinnep Reservoir in southwestern Colorado is one of several water bodies in Colorado with a mercury (Hg) advisory as Hg in fish tissue exceed the 0.3 μg/g guideline to protect human health recommended by the State of Colorado. Concentrations of Hg and methyl-Hg were measured in reservoir bottom sediment and pore water extracted from this sediment. Rates of Hg methylation and methyl-Hg demethylation were also measured in reservoir bottom sediment. The objective of this study was to evaluate potential sources of Hg in the region and evaluate the potential of reservoir sediment to generate methyl-Hg, a human neurotoxin and the dominant form of Hg in fish. Concentrations of Hg (ranged from 1.1 to 5.8 ng/L, n = 15) and methyl-Hg (ranged from 0.05 to 0.14 ng/L, n = 15) in pore water generally were highest at the sediment/water interface, and overall, Hg correlated with methyl-Hg in pore water (R2 = 0.60, p = 0007, n = 15). Net Hg methylation flux in the top 3 cm of reservoir bottom sediment varied from 0.08 to 0.56 ng/m2/day (mean = 0.28 ng/m2/day, n = 5), which corresponded to an overall methyl-Hg production for the entire reservoir of 0.53 g/year. No significant point sources of Hg contamination are known to this reservoir or its supply waters, although several coal-fired power plants in the region emit Hg-bearing particulates. Narraguinnep Reservoir is located about 80 km downwind from two of the largest power plants, which together emit about 950 kg-Hg/year. Magnetic minerals separated from reservoir sediment contained spherical magnetite-bearing particles characteristic of coal-fired electric power plant fly ash. The presence of fly-ash magnetite in post-1970 sediment from Narraguinnep Reservoir indicates that the likely source of Hg to the catchment basin for this reservoir has been from airborne emissions from power plants, most of which began operation in the late-1960s and early 1970s in this region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.09.001","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.E., Hines, M.E., Goldstein, H., and Reynolds, R.L., 2014, Mercury deposition and methylmercury formation in Narraguinnep Reservoir, southwestern Colorado, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 50, p. 82-90, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.09.001.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"82","endPage":"90","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-055075","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472737,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.09.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294615,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294581,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.09.001"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Narraguinnep Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.634079,37.482226 ], [ -108.634079,37.501924 ], [ -108.606567,37.501924 ], [ -108.606567,37.482226 ], [ -108.634079,37.482226 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"50","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bb80de4b0abfb4c809696","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, John E. jgray@usgs.gov","contributorId":1275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","email":"jgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, Mark E.","contributorId":43180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldstein, Harland L.","contributorId":32999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Harland L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70127470,"text":"70127470 - 2014 - Effects of disturbance and climate change on ecosystem performance in the Yukon River Basin boreal forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T11:30:03","indexId":"70127470","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-30T09:58:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of disturbance and climate change on ecosystem performance in the Yukon River Basin boreal forest","docAbstract":"A warming climate influences boreal forest productivity, dynamics, and disturbance regimes. We used ecosystem models and 250 m satellite Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data averaged over the growing season (GSN) to model current, and estimate future, ecosystem performance. We modeled Expected Ecosystem Performance (EEP), or anticipated productivity, in undisturbed stands over the 2000–2008 period from a variety of abiotic data sources, using a rule-based piecewise regression tree. The EEP model was applied to a future climate ensemble A1B projection to quantify expected changes to mature boreal forest performance. Ecosystem Performance Anomalies (EPA), were identified as the residuals of the EEP and GSN relationship and represent performance departures from expected performance conditions. These performance data were used to monitor successional events following fire. Results suggested that maximum EPA occurs 30–40 years following fire, and deciduous stands generally have higher EPA than coniferous stands. Mean undisturbed EEP is projected to increase 5.6% by 2040 and 8.7% by 2070, suggesting an increased deciduous component in boreal forests. Our results contribute to the understanding of boreal forest successional dynamics and its response to climate change. This information enables informed decisions to prepare for, and adapt to, climate change in the Yukon River Basin forest.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Multidisciplanary Digital Publishing Institute","doi":"10.3390/rs6109145","usgsCitation":"Wylie, B.K., Rigge, M.B., Brisco, B., Mrnaghan, K., Rover, J.R., and Long, J., 2014, Effects of disturbance and climate change on ecosystem performance in the Yukon River Basin boreal forest: Remote Sensing, v. 6, no. 10, p. 9145-9169, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6109145.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"9145","endPage":"9169","ipdsId":"IP-057217","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6109145","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294612,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294611,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs6109145"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -164.8,61.55 ], [ -164.8,66.62 ], [ -141.0,66.62 ], [ -141.0,61.55 ], [ -164.8,61.55 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"6","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bb80ce4b0abfb4c809689","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rigge, Matthew B. 0000-0003-4471-8009 mrigge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4471-8009","contributorId":751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rigge","given":"Matthew","email":"mrigge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brisco, Brian","contributorId":37665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brisco","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mrnaghan, Kevin","contributorId":21092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mrnaghan","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rover, Jennifer R. 0000-0002-3437-4030 jrover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3437-4030","contributorId":2941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rover","given":"Jennifer","email":"jrover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Long, Jordan 0000-0002-4814-464X jlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4814-464X","contributorId":3609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Jordan","email":"jlong@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70127476,"text":"70127476 - 2014 - Depletion and capture: revisiting “The source of water derived from wells\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T13:34:36","indexId":"70127476","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-30T09:50:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depletion and capture: revisiting “The source of water derived from wells\"","docAbstract":"A natural consequence of groundwater withdrawals is the removal of water from subsurface storage, but the overall rates and magnitude of groundwater depletion and capture relative to groundwater withdrawals (extraction or pumpage) have not previously been well characterized. This study assesses the partitioning of long-term cumulative withdrawal volumes into fractions derived from storage depletion and capture, where capture includes both increases in recharge and decreases in discharge. Numerical simulation of a hypothetical groundwater basin is used to further illustrate some of Theis' (1940) principles, particularly when capture is constrained by insufficient available water. Most prior studies of depletion and capture have assumed that capture is unconstrained through boundary conditions that yield linear responses. Examination of real systems indicates that capture and depletion fractions are highly variable in time and space. For a large sample of long-developed groundwater systems, the depletion fraction averages about 0.15 and the capture fraction averages about 0.85 based on cumulative volumes. Higher depletion fractions tend to occur in more arid regions, but the variation is high and the correlation coefficient between average annual precipitation and depletion fraction for individual systems is only 0.40. Because 85% of long-term pumpage is derived from capture in these real systems, capture must be recognized as a critical factor in assessing water budgets, groundwater storage depletion, and sustainability of groundwater development. Most capture translates into streamflow depletion, so it can detrimentally impact ecosystems.","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12204","usgsCitation":"Konikow, L.F., and Leake, S.A., 2014, Depletion and capture: revisiting “The source of water derived from wells\": Groundwater, v. 52, no. S1, p. 100-111, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12204.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"100","endPage":"111","ipdsId":"IP-054362","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294578,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12204"}],"volume":"52","issue":"S1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bb80be4b0abfb4c809670","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leake, Stanley A. 0000-0003-3568-2542 saleake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-2542","contributorId":1846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"Stanley","email":"saleake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70127550,"text":"70127550 - 2014 - Seismological and geodetic constraints on the 2011 Mw5.3 Trinidad, Colorado earthquake and induced deformation in the Raton Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T12:10:15","indexId":"70127550","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-30T09:49:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismological and geodetic constraints on the 2011 Mw5.3 Trinidad, Colorado earthquake and induced deformation in the Raton Basin","docAbstract":"

The Raton Basin of southern Colorado and northern New Mexico is an actively produced hydrocarbon basin that has experienced increased seismicity since 2001, including the August 2011 Mw5.3 Trinidad normal faulting event. Following the 2011 earthquake, regional seismic observations were used to relocate 21 events, including the 2011 main shock, two foreshocks, and 13 aftershocks. Additionally, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) observations of both the 2011 event and preevent basin deformation place constraint on the spatial kinematics of the 2011 event and localized basin subsidence due to ground water or gas withdrawal. We find that the 2011 earthquake ruptured an 8–10 km long segment of a normal fault at depths of 1.5–6.0 km within the crystalline Precambrian basement underlying the Raton Basin sedimentary rocks. The earthquake also nucleated within the crystalline basement in the vicinity of an active wastewater disposal site. The ensuing aftershock sequence demonstrated statistical properties expected for intraplate earthquakes, though the length of the 2011 earthquake is unexpectedly long for an Mw5.3 event, suggesting that wastewater disposal may have triggered a low stress drop, otherwise natural earthquake. Additionally, preevent and postevent seismicity in the Raton Basin spatially correlates to regions of subsidence observed in InSAR time series analysis. While these observations cannot discern a causal link between hydrocarbon production and seismicity, they constrain spatial relationships between active basin deformation and geological and anthropogenic features. Furthermore, the InSAR observations highlight the utility of space-based geodetic observations for monitoring and assessing anthropogenically induced and triggered deformation.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2014JB011227","usgsCitation":"Barnhart, W.D., Benz, H.M., Hayes, G., Rubinstein, J.L., and Bergman, E., 2014, Seismological and geodetic constraints on the 2011 Mw5.3 Trinidad, Colorado earthquake and induced deformation in the Raton Basin: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 119, no. 10, p. 7923-7933, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011227.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"7923","endPage":"7933","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059794","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294608,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294607,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011227"}],"volume":"119","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bb80ee4b0abfb4c8096a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnhart, William D. wbarnhart@usgs.gov","contributorId":5299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"William","email":"wbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benz, Harley M. 0000-0002-6860-2134 benz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-2134","contributorId":794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","email":"benz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":6157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rubinstein, Justin L. 0000-0003-1274-6785 jrubinstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-6785","contributorId":2404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubinstein","given":"Justin","email":"jrubinstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bergman, E.","contributorId":84289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergman","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70127549,"text":"70127549 - 2014 - Characterizing recent and projecting future potential patterns of mountain pine beetle outbreaks in the Southern Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-02T09:50:27","indexId":"70127549","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-30T09:43:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":836,"text":"Applied Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing recent and projecting future potential patterns of mountain pine beetle outbreaks in the Southern Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"The recent widespread mountain pine beetle (MPB) outbreak in the Southern Rocky Mountains presents an opportunity to investigate the relative influence of anthropogenic, biologic, and physical drivers that have shaped the spatiotemporal patterns of the outbreak. The aim of this study was to quantify the landscape-level drivers that explained the dynamic patterns of MPB mortality, and simulate areas with future potential MPB mortality under projected climate-change scenarios in Grand County, Colorado, USA. The outbreak patterns of MPB were characterized by analysis of a decade-long Landsat time-series stack, aided by automatic attribution of change detected by the Landsat-based Detection of Trends in Disturbance and Recovery algorithm (LandTrendr). The annual area of new MPB mortality was then related to a suite of anthropogenic, biologic, and physical predictor variables under a general linear model (GLM) framework. Data from years 2001–2005 were used to train the model and data from years 2006–2011 were retained for validation. After stepwise removal of non-significant predictors, the remaining predictors in the GLM indicated that neighborhood mortality, winter mean temperature anomaly, and residential housing density were positively associated with MPB mortality, whereas summer precipitation was negatively related. The final model had an average area under the curve (AUC) of a receiver operating characteristic plot value of 0.72 in predicting the annual area of new mortality for the independent validation years, and the mean deviation from the base maps in the MPB mortality areal estimates was around 5%. The extent of MPB mortality will likely expand under two climate-change scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) in Grand County, which implies that the impacts of MPB outbreaks on vegetation composition and structure, and ecosystem functioning are likely to increase in the future.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.09.012","usgsCitation":"Liang, L., Hawbaker, T., Chen, Y., Zhu, Z., and Gong, P., 2014, Characterizing recent and projecting future potential patterns of mountain pine beetle outbreaks in the Southern Rocky Mountains: Applied Geography, v. 55, p. 165-175, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.09.012.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"165","endPage":"175","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-055165","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.09.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294606,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294594,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.09.012"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Grand County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.653,39.6841 ], [ -106.653,40.4863 ], [ -105.6261,40.4863 ], [ -105.6261,39.6841 ], [ -106.653,39.6841 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"55","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542bb80ae4b0abfb4c809669","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.09.012","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.09.012","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Liang Lu, Hawbaker Todd J., Chen Yanlei, Zhu Zhiliang, Gong Peng","journalName":"Applied Geography","publicationDate":"12/2014","auditedOn":"3/22/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"9/19/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liang, Lu","contributorId":72714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liang","given":"Lu","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chen, Yanlei","contributorId":18276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Yanlei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhu, Zhi-Liang","contributorId":70726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhi-Liang","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gong, Peng","contributorId":102393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gong","given":"Peng","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}