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For the Commonwealth of Kentucky, elevation data are critical for agriculture and precision farming, natural resources conservation, flood risk management, infrastructure and construction management, forest resources management, geologic resource assessment and hazards mitigation, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data. &ldquo;Kentucky from Above,&rdquo; the Kentucky Aerial Photography and Elevation Data Program (<a href=\"http://kygeonet.ky.gov/kyfromabove/\" target=\"_blank\">http://kygeonet.ky.gov/kyfromabove/</a>), provides statewide lidar coordination with local, Commonwealth, and national groups in support of 3DEP for the Commonwealth.</p>\n<p>The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A&ndash;16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143012","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2014, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3012, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143012.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052813","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial 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,{"id":70094155,"text":"fs20143008 - 2014 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:51:26","indexId":"fs20143008","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-12T11:29:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3008","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Tennessee","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Tennessee, elevation data are critical for agriculture and precision farming, flood risk management, natural resources conservation, infrastructure and construction management, forest resources management, aviation navigation and safety, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.</p>\n<p>The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A&ndash;16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143008","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2014, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3008, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143008.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052819","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial 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,{"id":70095719,"text":"70095719 - 2014 - Ecological feedbacks can reduce population-level efficacy of wildlife fertility control","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-11T13:39:10","indexId":"70095719","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-11T13:32:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological feedbacks can reduce population-level efficacy of wildlife fertility control","docAbstract":"<p>1. Anthropogenic stress on natural systems, particularly the fragmentation of landscapes and the extirpation of predators from food webs, has intensified the need to regulate abundance of wildlife populations with management. Controlling population growth using fertility control has been considered for almost four decades, but nearly all research has focused on understanding effects of fertility control agents on individual animals. Questions about the efficacy of fertility control as a way to control populations remain largely unanswered.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>2. Collateral consequences of contraception can produce unexpected changes in birth rates, survival, immigration and emigration that may reduce the effectiveness of regulating animal abundance. The magnitude and frequency of such effects vary with species-specific social and reproductive systems, as well as connectivity of populations. Developing models that incorporate static demographic parameters from populations not controlled by contraception may bias predictions of fertility control efficacy.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>3. Many population-level studies demonstrate that changes in survival and immigration induced by fertility control can compensate for the reduction in births caused by contraception. The most successful cases of regulating populations using fertility control come from applications of contraceptives to small, closed populations of gregarious and easily accessed species.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>4. Fertility control can result in artificial selection pressures on the population and may lead to long-term unintentional genetic consequences. The magnitude of such selection is dependent on individual heritability and behavioural traits, as well as environmental variation.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>5. <i>Synthesis and applications</i>. Understanding species' life-history strategies, biology, behavioural ecology and ecological context is critical to developing realistic expectations of regulating populations using fertility control. Before time, effort and funding are invested in wildlife contraception, managers may need to consider the possibility that many species and populations can compensate for reduction in fecundity, and this could minimize any reduction in population growth rate.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Scientific Publications","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12166","usgsCitation":"Ransom, J.I., Powers, J.G., Hobbs, N., and Baker, D.L., 2014, Ecological feedbacks can reduce population-level efficacy of wildlife fertility control: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 51, no. 1, p. 259-269, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12166.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"259","endPage":"269","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-050888","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473109,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12166","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":283839,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12166"},{"id":283840,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517035e4b05569d805a1d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ransom, Jason I. 0000-0002-5930-4004","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5930-4004","contributorId":71645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ransom","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powers, Jenny G.","contributorId":10710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Jenny","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hobbs, N. Thompson","contributorId":35031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hobbs","given":"N. Thompson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baker, Dan L.","contributorId":7995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70095606,"text":"70095606 - 2014 - Diffuse migratory connectivity in two species of shrubland birds: evidence from stable isotopes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-11T13:25:14","indexId":"70095606","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-11T13:18:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diffuse migratory connectivity in two species of shrubland birds: evidence from stable isotopes","docAbstract":"Connecting seasonal ranges of migratory birds is important for understanding the annual template of stressors that influence their populations. Brewer’s sparrows (<i>Spizella breweri</i>) and sagebrush sparrows (<i>Artemisiospiza nevadensis</i>) share similar sagebrush (<i>Artemisia</i> spp.) habitats for breeding but have different population trends that might be related to winter location. To link breeding and winter ranges, we created isoscapes of deuterium [stable isotope ratio (δ) of deuterium; δ<sup>2</sup>H] and nitrogen (δ<sup>15</sup>N) for each species modeled from isotope ratios measured in feathers of 264 Brewer’s and 82 sagebrush sparrows and environmental characteristics at capture locations across their breeding range. We then used feather δ<sup>2</sup>H<sub>f</sub> and δ<sup>15</sup>N<sub>f</sub> measured in 1,029 Brewer’s and 527 sagebrush sparrows captured on winter locations in southwestern United States to assign probable breeding ranges. Intraspecies population mixing from across the breeding range was strong for both Brewer’s and sagebrush sparrows on winter ranges. Brewer’s sparrows but not sagebrush sparrows were linked to more northerly breeding locations in the eastern part of their winter range. Winter location was not related to breeding population trends estimated from US Geological Survey Breeding Bird Survey routes for either Brewer’s or sagebrush sparrows. Primary drivers of population dynamics are likely independent for each species; Brewer’s and sagebrush sparrows captured at the same winter location did not share predicted breeding locations or population trends. The diffuse migratory connectivity displayed by Brewer’s and sagebrush sparrows measured at the coarse spatial resolution in our analysis also suggests that local environments rather than broad regional characteristics are primary drivers of annual population trends.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","doi":"10.1007/s00442-013-2791-8","usgsCitation":"Knick, S.T., Leu, M., Rotenberry, J.T., Hanser, S.E., and Fesenmyer, K., 2014, Diffuse migratory connectivity in two species of shrubland birds: evidence from stable isotopes: Oecologia, v. 174, no. 2, p. 595-608, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-013-2791-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"595","endPage":"608","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-043572","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xv473nm","text":"External Repository"},{"id":283838,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":283432,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-013-2791-8"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125.73,30.86 ], [ -125.73,53.38 ], [ -100.2,53.38 ], [ -100.2,30.86 ], [ -125.73,30.86 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"174","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517033e4b05569d805a1bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knick, Steven T. 0000-0003-4025-1704 steve_knick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-1704","contributorId":159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knick","given":"Steven","email":"steve_knick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leu, Matthias","contributorId":68393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leu","given":"Matthias","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rotenberry, John T.","contributorId":60121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rotenberry","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanser, Steven E.","contributorId":99273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanser","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fesenmyer, Kurt","contributorId":105640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fesenmyer","given":"Kurt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70095555,"text":"70095555 - 2014 - Detection limits and cost comparisons of human- and gull-associated conventional and quantitative PCR assays in artificial and environmental waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-11T13:15:17","indexId":"70095555","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-11T13:12:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detection limits and cost comparisons of human- and gull-associated conventional and quantitative PCR assays in artificial and environmental waters","docAbstract":"Some molecular methods for tracking fecal pollution in environmental waters have both PCR and quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays available for use. To assist managers in deciding whether to implement newer qPCR techniques in routine monitoring programs, we compared detection limits (LODs) and costs of PCR and qPCR assays with identical targets that are relevant to beach water quality assessment. For human-associated assays targeting <i>Bacteroidales</i> HF183 genetic marker, qPCR LODs were 70 times lower and there was no effect of target matrix (artificial freshwater, environmental creek water, and environmental marine water) on PCR or qPCR LODs. The PCR startup and annual costs were the lowest, while the per reaction cost was 62% lower than the Taqman based qPCR and 180% higher than the SYBR based qPCR. For gull-associated assays, there was no significant difference between PCR and qPCR LODs, target matrix did not effect PCR or qPCR LODs, and PCR startup, annual, and per reaction costs were lower. Upgrading to qPCR involves greater startup and annual costs, but this increase may be justified in the case of the human-associated assays with lower detection limits and reduced cost per sample.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.029","usgsCitation":"Riedel, T.E., Zimmer-Faust, A.G., Thulsiraj, V., Madi, T., Hanley, K.T., Ebentier, D.L., Byappanahalli, M., Layton, B., Raith, M., Boehm, A., Griffith, J.F., Holden, P.A., Shanks, O.C., Weisberg, S., and Jay, J.A., 2014, Detection limits and cost comparisons of human- and gull-associated conventional and quantitative PCR assays in artificial and environmental waters: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 136, p. 112-120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.029.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"112","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-051776","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":283384,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.029"}],"volume":"136","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517033e4b05569d805a1b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riedel, Timothy E.","contributorId":31301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmer-Faust, Amity G.","contributorId":62517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmer-Faust","given":"Amity","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thulsiraj, Vanessa","contributorId":69468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thulsiraj","given":"Vanessa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Madi, Tania","contributorId":95379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madi","given":"Tania","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanley, Kaitlyn T.","contributorId":72700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanley","given":"Kaitlyn","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ebentier, Darcy L.","contributorId":13524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebentier","given":"Darcy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.","contributorId":47335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byappanahalli","given":"Muruleedhara N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Layton, Blythe","contributorId":14724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Layton","given":"Blythe","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Raith, Meredith","contributorId":32443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raith","given":"Meredith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Boehm, Alexandria B.","contributorId":51616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boehm","given":"Alexandria B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Griffith, John F.","contributorId":41325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Holden, Patricia A.","contributorId":56090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holden","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Shanks, Orin C.","contributorId":51643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanks","given":"Orin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Weisberg, Stephen B.","contributorId":11110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weisberg","given":"Stephen B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Jay, Jennifer A.","contributorId":55737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70095725,"text":"70095725 - 2014 - Assessment of international reference materials for isotope-ratio analysis (IUPAC Technical Report)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-17T09:28:47","indexId":"70095725","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-11T13:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3207,"text":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of international reference materials for isotope-ratio analysis (IUPAC Technical Report)","docAbstract":"Since the early 1950s, the number of international measurement standards for anchoring stable isotope delta scales has mushroomed from 3 to more than 30, expanding to more than 25 chemical elements. With the development of new instrumentation, along with new and improved measurement procedures for studying naturally occurring isotopic abundance variations in natural and technical samples, the number of internationally distributed, secondary isotopic reference materials with a specified delta value has blossomed in the last six decades to more than 150 materials. More than half of these isotopic reference materials were produced for isotope-delta measurements of seven elements: H, Li, B, C, N, O, and S. The number of isotopic reference materials for other, heavier elements has grown considerably over the last decade. Nevertheless, even primary international measurement standards for isotope-delta measurements are still needed for some elements, including Mg, Fe, Te, Sb, Mo, and Ge. It is recommended that authors publish the delta values of internationally distributed, secondary isotopic reference materials that were used for anchoring their measurement results to the respective primary stable isotope scale.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"De Gruyter","doi":"10.1515/pac-2013-1023","usgsCitation":"Brand, W., Coplen, T.B., Vogl, J., Rosner, M., and Prohaska, T., 2014, Assessment of international reference materials for isotope-ratio analysis (IUPAC Technical Report): Pure and Applied Chemistry, v. 86, no. 3, p. 425-467, https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2013-1023.","productDescription":"43 p.","startPage":"425","endPage":"467","numberOfPages":"43","ipdsId":"IP-051430","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2013-1023","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":284050,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":283647,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2013-1023"}],"volume":"86","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517025e4b05569d805a168","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brand, Willi A.","contributorId":38866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"Willi A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogl, Jochen","contributorId":28526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogl","given":"Jochen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosner, Martin","contributorId":56359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosner","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Prohaska, Thomas","contributorId":101170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prohaska","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70095788,"text":"70095788 - 2014 - Applying downscaled global climate model data to a hydrodynamic surface-water and groundwater model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-11T12:58:56","indexId":"70095788","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-11T12:53:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":725,"text":"American Journal of Climate Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Applying downscaled global climate model data to a hydrodynamic surface-water and groundwater model","docAbstract":"Precipitation data from Global Climate Models have been downscaled to smaller regions. Adapting this downscaled precipitation data to a coupled hydrodynamic surface-water/groundwater model of southern Florida allows an examination of future conditions and their effect on groundwater levels, inundation patterns, surface-water stage and flows, and salinity. The downscaled rainfall data include the 1996-2001 time series from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting ERA-40 simulation and both the 1996-1999 and 2038-2057 time series from two global climate models: the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) and the Geophysical Fluid Dynamic Laboratory (GFDL). Synthesized surface-water inflow datasets were developed for the 2038-2057 simulations. The resulting hydrologic simulations, with and without a 30-cm sea-level rise, were compared with each other and field data to analyze a range of projected conditions. Simulations predicted generally higher future stage and groundwater levels and surface-water flows, with sea-level rise inducing higher coastal salinities. A coincident rise in sea level, precipitation and surface-water flows resulted in a narrower inland saline/fresh transition zone. The inland areas were affected more by the rainfall difference than the sea-level rise, and the rainfall differences make little difference in coastal inundation, but a larger difference in coastal salinities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Journal of Climate Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Scientific Research Publishing Inc.","publisherLocation":"Irvine, CA","doi":"10.4236/ajcc.2014.31004","usgsCitation":"Swain, E., Stefanova, L., and Smith, T., 2014, Applying downscaled global climate model data to a hydrodynamic surface-water and groundwater model: American Journal of Climate Change, v. 3, no. 1, p. 33-49, https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2014.31004.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"49","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-038872","costCenters":[{"id":285,"text":"Florida Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2014.31004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":283835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":283834,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=43632#.Ux9OwPRDuVM"},{"id":283774,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2014.31004"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.8998,24.5211 ], [ -82.8998,27.8146 ], [ 24.5211,27.8146 ], [ 24.5211,24.5211 ], [ -82.8998,24.5211 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351701ee4b05569d805a156","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swain, Eric 0000-0001-7168-708X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-708X","contributorId":23347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swain","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stefanova, Lydia","contributorId":48300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stefanova","given":"Lydia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Thomas","contributorId":46416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70057463,"text":"sir20135217 - 2014 - Water-quality trends for selected sampling sites in the upper Clark Fork Basin, Montana, water years 1996-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-11T10:37:01","indexId":"sir20135217","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-11T10:28:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5217","title":"Water-quality trends for selected sampling sites in the upper Clark Fork Basin, Montana, water years 1996-2010","docAbstract":"<p>A large-scale trend analysis was done on specific conductance, selected trace elements (arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, and zinc), and suspended-sediment data for 22 sites in the upper Clark Fork Basin for water years 1996–2010. Trend analysis was conducted by using two parametric methods: a time-series model (TSM) and multiple linear regression on time, streamflow, and season (MLR). Trend results for 1996–2010 indicate moderate to large decreases in flow-adjusted concentrations (FACs) and loads of copper (and other metallic elements) and suspended sediment in Silver Bow Creek upstream from Warm Springs. Deposition of metallic elements and suspended sediment within Warm Springs Ponds substantially reduces the downstream transport of those constituents. However, mobilization of copper and suspended sediment from floodplain tailings and stream banks in the Clark Fork reach from Galen to Deer Lodge is a large source of metallic elements and suspended sediment, which also affects downstream transport of those constituents. Copper and suspended-sediment loads mobilized from within this reach accounted for about 40 and 20 percent, respectively, of the loads for Clark Fork at Turah Bridge (site 20); whereas, streamflow contributed from within this reach only accounted for about 8 percent of the streamflow at Turah Bridge. Minor changes in FACs and loads of copper and suspended sediment are indicated for this reach during 1996–2010.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Clark Fork reaches downstream from Deer Lodge are relatively smaller sources of metallic elements than the reach from Galen to Deer Lodge. In general, small decreases in loads and FACs of copper and suspended sediment are indicated for Clark Fork sites downstream from Deer Lodge during 1996–2010. Thus, although large decreases in FACs and loads of copper and suspended sediment are indicated for Silver Bow Creek upstream from Warm Springs, those large decreases are not translated to the more downstream reaches largely because of temporal stationarity in constituent transport relations in the Clark Fork reach from Galen to Deer Lodge.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Unlike metallic elements, arsenic (a metalloid element) in streams in the upper Clark Fork Basin typically is mostly in dissolved phase, has less variability in concentrations, and has weaker direct relations with suspended-sediment concentrations and streamflow. Arsenic trend results for 1996–2010 indicate generally moderate decreases in FACs and loads in Silver Bow Creek upstream from Opportunity. In general, small temporal changes in loads and FACs of arsenic are indicated for Silver Bow Creek and Clark Fork reaches downstream from Opportunity during 1996–2010. Contribution of arsenic (from Warm Springs Ponds, the Mill-Willow bypass, and groundwater sources) in the Silver Bow Creek reach from Opportunity to Warm Springs is a relatively large source of arsenic. Arsenic loads originating from within this reach accounted for about 11 percent of the load for Clark Fork at Turah Bridge; whereas, streamflow contributed from within this reach only accounted for about 2 percent of the streamflow at Turah Bridge.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135217","usgsCitation":"Sando, S.K., Vecchia, A.V., Lorenz, D.L., and Barnhart, E.P., 2014, Water-quality trends for selected sampling sites in the upper Clark Fork Basin, Montana, water years 1996-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5217, xiii, 162 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135217.","productDescription":"xiii, 162 p.","numberOfPages":"180","temporalStart":"1995-10-01","temporalEnd":"2010-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-045334","costCenters":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135217.jpg"},{"id":283806,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5217/pdf/sir13-5217.pdf"},{"id":283770,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5217/"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Clark Fork Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.071,45.7493 ], [ -114.071,47.532 ], [ -112.1814,47.532 ], [ -112.1814,45.7493 ], [ -114.071,45.7493 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7d32e4b0b2908510f3b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sando, Steven K. 0000-0003-1206-1030 sksando@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1206-1030","contributorId":1016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sando","given":"Steven","email":"sksando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vecchia, Aldo V. 0000-0002-2661-4401","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2661-4401","contributorId":41810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"Aldo","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lorenz, David L. 0000-0003-3392-4034 lorenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3392-4034","contributorId":1384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"David","email":"lorenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnhart, Elliott P. 0000-0002-8788-8393 epbarnhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-8393","contributorId":5385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Elliott","email":"epbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70095676,"text":"ofr20141048 - 2014 - Soil compaction vulnerability at Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-11T10:25:52","indexId":"ofr20141048","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-11T10:18:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1048","title":"Soil compaction vulnerability at Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Arizona","docAbstract":"Compaction vulnerability of different types of soils by hikers and vehicles is poorly known, particularly for soils of arid and semiarid regions. Engineering analyses have long shown that poorly sorted soils (for example, sandy loams) compact to high densities, whereas well-sorted soils (for example, eolian sand) do not compact, and high gravel content may reduce compaction. Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument (ORPI) in southwestern Arizona, is affected greatly by illicit activities associated with the United States–Mexico border, and has many soils that resource managers consider to be highly vulnerable to compaction. Using geospatial soils data for ORPI, compaction vulnerability was estimated qualitatively based on the amount of gravel and the degree of sorting of sand and finer particles. To test this qualitative assessment, soil samples were collected from 48 sites across all soil map units, and undisturbed bulk densities were measured. A scoring system was used to create a vulnerability index for soils on the basis of particle-size sorting, soil properties derived from Proctor compaction analyses, and the field undisturbed bulk densities. The results of the laboratory analyses indicated that the qualitative assessments of soil compaction vulnerability underestimated the area of high vulnerability soils by 73 percent. The results showed that compaction vulnerability of desert soils, such as those at ORPI, can be quantified using laboratory tests and evaluated using geographic information system analyses, providing a management tool that managers potentially could use to inform decisions about activities that reduce this type of soil disruption in protected areas.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141048","usgsCitation":"Webb, R., Nussear, K.E., Carmichael, S., and Esque, T., 2014, Soil compaction vulnerability at Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1048, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141048.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-041135","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141048.GIF"},{"id":283769,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1048/"},{"id":283803,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1048/pdf/ofr2014-1048.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.17,31.6978 ], [ -113.17,32.2627 ], [ -112.4986,32.2627 ], [ -112.4986,31.6978 ], [ -113.17,31.6978 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd732ae4b0b29085108c47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webb, Robert H. rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":1573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert H.","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":491333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E. knussear@usgs.gov","contributorId":2695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"knussear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carmichael, Shinji","contributorId":14299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carmichael","given":"Shinji","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":3221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70056590,"text":"sim3276 - 2014 - Detailed cross sections of the Eocene Green River Formation along the north and east margins of the Piceance Basin, western Colorado, using measured sections and drill hole information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-11T10:16:24","indexId":"sim3276","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-11T10:02:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3276","title":"Detailed cross sections of the Eocene Green River Formation along the north and east margins of the Piceance Basin, western Colorado, using measured sections and drill hole information","docAbstract":"This report presents two detailed cross sections of the Eocene Green River Formation in the Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado, constructed from eight detailed measured sections, fourteen core holes, and two rotary holes. The Eocene Green River Formation in the Piceance Basin contains the world’s largest known oil shale deposit with more than 1.5 billion barrels of oil in place. It was deposited in Lake Uinta, a long-lived saline lake that once covered much of the Piceance Basin and the Uinta Basin to the west. The cross sections extend across the northern and eastern margins of the Piceance Basin and are intended to aid in correlating between surface sections and the subsurface in the basin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3276","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.C., 2014, Detailed cross sections of the Eocene Green River Formation along the north and east margins of the Piceance Basin, western Colorado, using measured sections and drill hole information: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3276, Report: iv, 11 p.; 2 Sheets: 179.0 x 74.0 inches and 127.0 x 91.0 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3276.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 11 p.; 2 Sheets: 179.0 x 74.0 inches and 127.0 x 91.0 inches","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049343","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":283767,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3276/"},{"id":283800,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3276/pdf/sim3276_sheet2.pdf"},{"id":283798,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3276/pdf/sim3276_pamphlet.pdf"},{"id":283799,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3276/pdf/sim3276_sheet1.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Piceance Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.28,38.0 ], [ -112.28,43.51 ], [ -106.18,43.51 ], [ -106.18,38.0 ], [ -112.28,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5459e4b0b290850f5ae8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Ronald C. 0000-0002-6197-5165 rcjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5165","contributorId":1550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ronald","email":"rcjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70048952,"text":"ds711 - 2014 - USGS Field Activities 11CEV01 and 11CEV02 on the West Florida Shelf, Gulf of Mexico, in January and February 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-10T15:48:40","indexId":"ds711","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-10T15:08:08","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"711","title":"USGS Field Activities 11CEV01 and 11CEV02 on the West Florida Shelf, Gulf of Mexico, in January and February 2011","docAbstract":"<p>During January and February 2011 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the University of South Florida (USF), conducted geochemical surveys on the west Florida Shelf. Data collected will allow USGS and USF scientists to investigate the effects of climate change on ocean acidification within the northern Gulf of Mexico, specifically, the effect of ocean acidification on marine organisms and habitats. This work is part of a larger USGS study on Climate and Environmental Variability (CEV). The first cruise was conducted from January 3 – 7 (11CEV01) and the second from February 17 - 27 (11CEV02). To view each cruise's survey lines, please see the Trackline page. Both cruises took place aboard the R/V <i>Weatherbird II</i>, a ship of opportunity led by Dr. Kendra Daly (USF), which departed and returned from Saint Petersburg, Florida.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Data collection included sampling of the surface and water column (referred to as station samples) with lab analysis of pH, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and total alkalinity. Augmenting the lab analysis was a continuous flow-through system with a Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) sensor, which also recorded salinity, and pH. Corroborating the USGS data are the vertical CTD profiles collected by USF. The CTD casts measured continuous vertical profiles of oxygen, chlorophyll fluorescence, optical backscatter, and transmissometer. Discrete samples for nutrients, chlorophyll, and particulate organic carbon/nitrogen were also collected during the CTD casts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds711","usgsCitation":"Robbins, L.L., Knorr, P.O., Daly, K.L., and Taylor, C.A., 2014, USGS Field Activities 11CEV01 and 11CEV02 on the West Florida Shelf, Gulf of Mexico, in January and February 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 711, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds711.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-035577","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds711.jpg"},{"id":283783,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0711/"},{"id":286220,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0711/title.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Shelf;Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.967,25.5722 ], [ -89.967,31.0059 ], [ -80.4639,31.0059 ], [ -80.4639,25.5722 ], [ -89.967,25.5722 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351706ce4b05569d805a426","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, Lisa L. 0000-0003-3681-1094 lrobbins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3681-1094","contributorId":422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Lisa","email":"lrobbins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knorr, Paul O. pknorr@usgs.gov","contributorId":3691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knorr","given":"Paul","email":"pknorr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daly, Kendra L.","contributorId":79018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daly","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taylor, Carl A.","contributorId":9960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70095526,"text":"70095526 - 2014 - Genetic variation in bacterial kidney disease (BKD) susceptibility in Lake Michigan Chinook Salmon and its progenitor population from the Puget Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-10T10:35:03","indexId":"70095526","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-10T14:56:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic variation in bacterial kidney disease (BKD) susceptibility in Lake Michigan Chinook Salmon and its progenitor population from the Puget Sound","docAbstract":"Mass mortality events in wild fish due to infectious diseases are troubling, especially given the potential for long-term, population-level consequences. Evolutionary theory predicts that populations with sufficient genetic variation will adapt in response to pathogen pressure. Chinook Salmon <i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i> were introduced into Lake Michigan in the late 1960s from a Washington State hatchery population. In the late 1980s, collapse of the forage base and nutritional stress in Lake Michigan were thought to contribute to die-offs of Chinook Salmon due to bacterial kidney disease (BKD). Previously, we demonstrated that Lake Michigan Chinook Salmon from a Wisconsin hatchery have greater survival following BKD challenge relative to their progenitor population. Here, we evaluated whether the phenotypic divergence of these populations in BKD susceptibility was due to selection rather than genetic drift. Comparison of the overall magnitude of quantitative trait to neutral marker divergence between the populations suggested selection had occurred but a direct test of quantitative trait divergence was not significant, preventing the rejection of the null hypothesis of differentiation through genetic drift. Estimates of phenotypic variation (V<sub>P</sub>), additive genetic variation (V<sub>A</sub>) and narrow-sense heritability (h<sup>2</sup>) were consistently higher in the Wisconsin relative to the Washington population. If selection had acted on the Wisconsin population there was no evidence of a concomitant loss of genetic variation in BKD susceptibility. The <i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i> exposures were conducted at both 14°C and 9°C; the warmer temperature accelerated time to death in both populations and there was no evidence of phenotypic plasticity or a genotype-by-environment (G × E) interaction. High h<sup>2</sup> estimates for BKD susceptibility in the Wisconsin population, combined with a lack of phenotypic plasticity, predicts that future adaptive gains in BKD resistance are still possible and that these adaptive gains would be stable under the temperature range evaluated here.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1080/08997659.2013.860061","usgsCitation":"Purcell, M., Hard, J.J., Neely, K.G., Park, L.K., Winton, J.R., and Elliott, D.G., 2014, Genetic variation in bacterial kidney disease (BKD) susceptibility in Lake Michigan Chinook Salmon and its progenitor population from the Puget Sound: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 26, no. 1, p. 9-18, https://doi.org/10.1080/08997659.2013.860061.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-048953","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283627,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":283355,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08997659.2013.860061"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington;Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan;Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.88,42.49 ], [ -124.88,49.03 ], [ -86.25,49.03 ], [ -86.25,42.49 ], [ -124.88,42.49 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351703ee4b05569d805a210","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K.","contributorId":104214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hard, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":15115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hard","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neely, Kathleen G.","contributorId":61341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neely","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Park, Linda K.","contributorId":28525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winton, James R. 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":1944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70048055,"text":"70048055 - 2014 - Antecedent flow conditions and nitrate concentrations in the Mississippi River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-04T11:15:54","indexId":"70048055","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-10T09:35:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Antecedent flow conditions and nitrate concentrations in the Mississippi River basin","docAbstract":"The relationship between antecedent flow conditions and nitrate concentrations was explored at eight sites in the 2.9 million square kilometers (km<sup>2</sup>) Mississippi River basin, USA. Antecedent flow conditions were quantified as the ratio between the mean daily flow of the previous year and the mean daily flow from the period of record (Qratio), and the Qratio was statistically related to nitrate anomalies (the unexplained variability in nitrate concentration after filtering out season, long-term trend, and contemporaneous flow effects) at each site. Nitrate anomaly and Qratio were negatively related at three of the four major tributary sites and upstream in the Mississippi River, indicating that when mean daily streamflow during the previous year was lower than average, nitrate concentrations were higher than expected. The strength of these relationships increased when data were subdivided by contemporaneous flow conditions. Five of the eight sites had significant negative relationships (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) at high or moderately high contemporaneous flows, suggesting nitrate that accumulates in these basins during a drought is flushed during subsequent high flows. At half of the sites, when mean daily flow during the previous year was 50 percent lower than average, nitrate concentration can be from 9 to 27 percent higher than nitrate concentrations that follow a year with average mean daily flow. Conversely, nitrate concentration can be from 8 to 21 percent lower than expected when flow during the previous year was 50 percent higher than average. Previously documented for small, relatively homogenous basins, our results suggest that relationships between antecedent flows and nitrate concentrations are also observable at a regional scale. Relationships were not observed (using all contemporaneous flow data together) for basins larger than 1 million km<sup>2</sup>, suggesting that above this limit the overall size and diversity within these basins may necessitate the use of more complicated statistical approaches or that there may be no discernible basin-wide relationship with antecedent flow. The relationships between nitrate concentration and Qratio identified in this study serve as the basis for future studies that can better define specific hydrologic processes occurring during and after a drought (or high flow period) which influence nitrate concentration, such as the duration or magnitude of low flows, and the timing of low and high flows.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Hydrology and Earth System Science","doi":"10.5194/hessd-10-11451-2013","usgsCitation":"Murphy, J.C., Hirsch, R.M., and Sprague, L.A., 2014, Antecedent flow conditions and nitrate concentrations in the Mississippi River basin: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, p. 967-979, https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-11451-2013.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"967","endPage":"979","ipdsId":"IP-045515","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-11451-2013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":288062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277439,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-11451-2013"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53903fe4e4b04eea98bf84ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, Jennifer C. 0000-0002-0881-0919 jmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-0919","contributorId":4281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sprague, Lori A. 0000-0003-2832-6662 lsprague@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2832-6662","contributorId":726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprague","given":"Lori","email":"lsprague@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70095212,"text":"sim3291 - 2014 - Geologic map of the Kechumstuk fault zone in the Mount Veta area, Fortymile mining district, east-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-16T14:36:03.296289","indexId":"sim3291","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-10T06:42:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3291","title":"Geologic map of the Kechumstuk fault zone in the Mount Veta area, Fortymile mining district, east-central Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>This map was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program to depict the fundamental geologic features for the western part of the Fortymile mining district of east-central Alaska, and to delineate the location of known bedrock mineral prospects and their relationship to rock types and structural features.</p><p>This geospatial map database presents a 1:63,360-scale geologic map for the Kechumstuk fault zone and surrounding area, which lies 55 km northwest of Chicken, Alaska. The Kechumstuk fault zone is a northeast-trending zone of faults that transects the crystalline basement rocks of the Yukon-Tanana Upland of the western part of the Fortymile mining district. The crystalline basement rocks include Paleozoic metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks as well as granitoid intrusions of Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous age. The geologic units represented by polygons in this dataset are based on new geologic mapping and geochronological data coupled with an interpretation of regional and new geophysical data collected by the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys. The geochronological data are reported in the accompanying geologic map text and represent new U-Pb dates on zircons collected from the igneous and metaigneous units within the map area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3291","usgsCitation":"Day, W.C., O’Neill, J., Dusel-Bacon, C., Aleinikoff, J.N., and Siron, C.R., 2014, Geologic map of the Kechumstuk fault zone in the Mount Veta area, Fortymile mining district, east-central Alaska (Version 1.1: March 12, 2014; Version 1.0: March 10, 201): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3291, 1 Plate: 45.00 x 36.00 inches; HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3291.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 45.00 x 36.00 inches; HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051711","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375617,"rank":4,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3291/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":283773,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3291/downloads/"},{"id":283772,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3291/pdf/SIM3291.pdf"},{"id":283667,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3291/"}],"scale":"63360","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"1927 North American Datum","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Fortymile Mining District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -143.4,64.0 ], [ -143.4,64.25 ], [ -142.666667,64.25 ], [ -142.666667,64.0 ], [ -143.4,64.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.1: March 12, 2014; Version 1.0: March 10, 201","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5c9de4b0b290850fa987","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Day, Warren C. 0000-0002-9278-2120 wday@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-2120","contributorId":1308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Warren","email":"wday@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Neill, J. Michael","contributorId":98210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"J. Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aleinikoff, John N. 0000-0003-3494-6841 jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":1478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"John","email":"jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Siron, Christopher R.","contributorId":106410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siron","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70134834,"text":"70134834 - 2014 - An analysis of monthly home range size in the critically endangered California Condor <i>Gymnogyps californianus</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T10:43:00","indexId":"70134834","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1048,"text":"Bird Conservation International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An analysis of monthly home range size in the critically endangered California Condor <i>Gymnogyps californianus</i>","docAbstract":"<p>Condors and vultures comprise the only group of terrestrial vertebrates in the world that are obligate scavengers, and these species move widely to locate ephemeral, unpredictable, and patchily-distributed food resources. In this study, we used high-resolution GPS location data to quantify monthly home range size of the critically endangered California Condor Gymnogyps californianus throughout the annual cycle in California. We assessed whether individual-level characteristics (age, sex and breeding status) and factors related to endangered species recovery program efforts (rearing method, release site) were linked to variation in monthly home range size. We found that monthly home range size varied across the annual cycle, with the largest monthly home ranges observed during late summer and early fall (July&ndash;October), a pattern that may be linked to seasonal changes in thermals that facilitate movement. Monthly home ranges of adults were significantly larger than those of immatures, but males and females used monthly home ranges of similar size throughout the year and breeding adults did not differ from non-breeding adults in their average monthly home range size. Individuals from each of three release sites differed significantly in the size of their monthly home ranges, and no differences in monthly home range size were detected between condors reared under captive conditions relative to those reared in the wild. Our study provides an important foundation for understanding the movement ecology of the California Condor and it highlights the importance of seasonal variation in space use for effective conservation planning for this critically endangered species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0959270913000592","usgsCitation":"Rivers, J.W., Johnson, M.J., Haig, S.M., Schwarz, C.J., Burnett, J., Brandt, J., George, D., and Grantham, J., 2014, An analysis of monthly home range size in the critically endangered California Condor <i>Gymnogyps californianus</i>: Bird Conservation International, v. 24, no. 4, p. 492-504, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0959270913000592.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"492","endPage":"504","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051979","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270913000592","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296464,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5482e53ee4b0aa6d77852ff6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rivers, James W.","contributorId":23072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rivers","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7005,"text":"Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Matthew J. mjjohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Matthew","email":"mjjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":27989,"text":"Colorado Plateau Research Station, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwarz, Carl J.","contributorId":42525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwarz","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burnett, Joseph","contributorId":127741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burnett","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7132,"text":"Ventana Wildlife Society, Salinas, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brandt, Joseph","contributorId":127742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandt","given":"Joseph","affiliations":[{"id":7133,"text":"California Condor Recovery Program, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Ventura, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"George, Daniel","contributorId":45221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"George","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Grantham, Jesse","contributorId":89804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grantham","given":"Jesse","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7133,"text":"California Condor Recovery Program, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Ventura, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70126307,"text":"70126307 - 2014 - Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) as a model system in community, landscape and ecosystem ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-23T09:43:09","indexId":"70126307","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-09T09:42:03","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1006,"text":"Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) as a model system in community, landscape and ecosystem ecology","docAbstract":"Model systems have had a profound influence on the development of ecological theory and general principles. Compared to alternatives, the most effective models share some combination of the following characteristics: simpler, smaller, faster, general, idiosyncratic or manipulable. We argue that biological soil crusts (biocrusts) have unique combinations of these features that should be more widely exploited in community, landscape and ecosystem ecology. In community ecology, biocrusts are elucidating the importance of biodiversity and spatial pattern for maintaining ecosystem multifunctionality due to their manipulability in experiments. Due to idiosyncrasies in their modes of facilitation and competition, biocrusts have led to new models on the interplay between environmental stress and biotic interactions and on the maintenance of biodiversity by competitive processes. Biocrusts are perhaps one of the best examples of micro-landscapes—real landscapes that are small in size. Although they exhibit varying patch heterogeneity, aggregation, connectivity and fragmentation, like macro-landscapes, they are also compatible with well-replicated experiments (unlike macro-landscapes). In ecosystem ecology, a number of studies are imposing small-scale, low cost manipulations of global change or state factors in biocrust micro-landscapes. The versatility of biocrusts to inform such disparate lines of inquiry suggests that they are an especially useful model system that can enable researchers to see ecological principles more clearly and quickly.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biodiversity and Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Chapman & Hall","publisherLocation":"Andover, Hants, UK","doi":"10.1007/s10531-014-0658-x","usgsCitation":"Bowker, M.A., Maestre, F.T., Eldridge, D., Belnap, J., Castillo-Monroy, A., Escolar, C., and Soliveres, S., 2014, Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) as a model system in community, landscape and ecosystem ecology: Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 23, no. 7, p. 1619-1637, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-014-0658-x.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1619","endPage":"1637","numberOfPages":"19","ipdsId":"IP-053108","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://dspace.utpl.edu.ec/handle/123456789/19144","text":"External Repository"},{"id":294289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294258,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-014-0658-x"},{"id":294259,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10531-014-0658-x"}],"volume":"23","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb18e4b08312ac7cef45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowker, Matthew A. mbowker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"Matthew","email":"mbowker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":501978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maestre, Fernando T.","contributorId":62450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maestre","given":"Fernando","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eldridge, David","contributorId":103595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eldridge","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Castillo-Monroy, Andrea","contributorId":69904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castillo-Monroy","given":"Andrea","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Escolar, Cristina","contributorId":70241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Escolar","given":"Cristina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Soliveres, Santiago","contributorId":37194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soliveres","given":"Santiago","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70095615,"text":"sir20145026 - 2014 - Evaluation of the expected moments algorithm and a multiple low-outlier test for flood frequency analysis at streamgaging stations in Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-07T07:50:45","indexId":"sir20145026","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-07T07:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5026","title":"Evaluation of the expected moments algorithm and a multiple low-outlier test for flood frequency analysis at streamgaging stations in Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>Flooding is among the costliest natural disasters in terms of loss of life and property in Arizona, which is why the accurate estimation of flood frequency and magnitude is crucial for proper structural design and accurate floodplain mapping. Current guidelines for flood frequency analysis in the United States are described in Bulletin 17B (B17B), yet since B17B’s publication in 1982 (Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data, 1982), several improvements have been proposed as updates for future guidelines. Two proposed updates are the Expected Moments Algorithm (EMA) to accommodate historical and censored data, and a generalized multiple Grubbs-Beck (MGB) low-outlier test. The current guidelines use a standard Grubbs-Beck (GB) method to identify low outliers, changing the determination of the moment estimators because B17B uses a conditional probability adjustment to handle low outliers while EMA censors the low outliers. B17B and EMA estimates are identical if no historical information or censored or low outliers are present in the peak-flow data. EMA with MGB (EMA-MGB) test was compared to the standard B17B (B17B-GB) method for flood frequency analysis at 328 streamgaging stations in Arizona. The methods were compared using the relative percent difference (RPD) between annual exceedance probabilities (AEPs), goodness-of-fit assessments, random resampling procedures, and Monte Carlo simulations. The AEPs were calculated and compared using both station skew and weighted skew. Streamgaging stations were classified by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Information System (NWIS) qualification codes, used to denote historical and censored peak-flow data, to better understand the effect that nonstandard flood information has on the flood frequency analysis for each method. Streamgaging stations were also grouped according to geographic flood regions and analyzed separately to better understand regional differences caused by physiography and climate.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The B17B-GB and EMA-MGB RPD-boxplot results showed that the median RPDs across all streamgaging stations for the 10-, 1-, and 0.2-percent AEPs, computed using station skew, were approximately zero. As the AEP flow estimates decreased (that is, from 10 to 0.2 percent AEP) the variability in the RPDs increased, indicating that the AEP flow estimate was greater for EMA-MGB when compared to B17B-GB. There was only one RPD greater than 100 percent for the 10- and 1-percent AEP estimates, whereas 19 RPDs exceeded 100 percent for the 0.2-percent AEP. At streamgaging stations with low-outlier data, historical peak-flow data, or both, RPDs ranged from −84 to 262 percent for the 0.2-percent AEP flow estimate. When streamgaging stations were separated by the presence of historical peak-flow data (that is, no low outliers or censored peaks) or by low outlier peak-flow data (no historical data), the results showed that RPD variability was greatest for the 0.2-AEP flow estimates, indicating that the treatment of historical and (or) low-outlier data was different between methods and that method differences were most influential when estimating the less probable AEP flows (1, 0.5, and 0.2 percent). When regional skew information was weighted with the station skew, B17B-GB estimates were generally higher than the EMA-MGB estimates for any given AEP. This was related to the different regional skews and mean square error used in the weighting procedure for each flood frequency analysis. The B17B-GB weighted skew analysis used a more positive regional skew determined in USGS Water Supply Paper 2433 (Thomas and others, 1997), while the EMA-MGB analysis used a more negative regional skew with a lower mean square error determined from a Bayesian generalized least squares analysis.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Regional groupings of streamgaging stations reflected differences in physiographic and climatic characteristics. Potentially influential low flows (PILFs) were more prevalent in arid regions of the State, and generally AEP flows were larger with EMA-MGB than with B17B-GB for gaging stations with PILFs. In most cases EMA-MGB curves would fit the largest floods more accurately than B17B-GB. In areas of the State with more baseflow, such as along the Mogollon Rim and the White Mountains, streamgaging stations generally had fewer PILFs and more positive skews, causing estimated AEP flows to be larger with B17B-GB than with EMA-MGB. The effect of including regional skew was similar for all regions, and the observed pattern was increasingly greater B17B-GB flows (more negative RPDs) with each decreasing AEP quantile.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>A variation on a goodness-of-fit test statistic was used to describe each method’s ability to fit the largest floods. The mean absolute percent difference between the measured peak flows and the log-Pearson Type 3 (LP3)-estimated flows, for each method, was averaged over the 90th, 75th, and 50th percentiles of peak-flow data at each site. In most percentile subsets, EMA-MGB on average had smaller differences (1 to 3 percent) between the observed and fitted value, suggesting that the EMA-MGB-LP3 distribution is fitting the observed peak-flow data more precisely than B17B-GB. The smallest EMA-MGB percent differences occurred for the greatest 10 percent (90th percentile) of the peak-flow data. When stations were analyzed by USGS NWIS peak flow qualification code groups, the stations with historical peak flows and no low outliers had average percent differences as high as 11 percent greater for B17B-GB, indicating that EMA-MGB utilized the historical information to fit the largest observed floods more accurately.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>A resampling procedure was used in which 1,000 random subsamples were drawn, each comprising one-half of the observed data. An LP3 distribution was fit to each subsample using B17B-GB and EMA-MGB methods, and the predicted 1-percent AEP flows were compared to those generated from distributions fit to the entire dataset. With station skew, the two methods were similar in the median percent difference, but with weighted skew EMA-MGB estimates were generally better. At two gages where B17B-GB appeared to perform better, a large number of peak flows were deemed to be PILFs by the MGB test, although they did not appear to depart significantly from the trend of the data (step or dogleg appearance). At two gages where EMA-MGB performed better, the MGB identified several PILFs that were affecting the fitted distribution of the B17B-GB method.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Monte Carlo simulations were run for the LP3 distribution using different skews and with different assumptions about the expected number of historical peaks. The primary benefit of running Monte Carlo simulations is that the underlying distribution statistics are known, meaning that the true 1-percent AEP is known. The results showed that EMA-MGB performed as well or better in situations where the LP3 distribution had a zero or positive skew and historical information. When the skew for the LP3 distribution was negative, EMA-MGB performed significantly better than B17B-GB and EMA-MGB estimates were less biased by more closely estimating the true 1-percent AEP for 1, 2, and 10 historical flood scenarios.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145026","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Flood Control District of Maricopa County","usgsCitation":"Paretti, N., Kennedy, J.R., and Cohn, T., 2014, Evaluation of the expected moments algorithm and a multiple low-outlier test for flood frequency analysis at streamgaging stations in Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5026, Report: viii, 61 p.; Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145026.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 61 p.; Appendixes","numberOfPages":"74","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-040578","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283442,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145026.jpg"},{"id":283439,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5026/"},{"id":283440,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5026/pdf/sir2014-5026.pdf"},{"id":283441,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5026/downloads/sir2014-5026_Appendixes.xlsx"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.82,31.33 ], [ -114.82,37.0 ], [ -109.05,37.0 ], [ -109.05,31.33 ], [ -114.82,31.33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd587ce4b0b290850f8200","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paretti, Nicholas V. nparetti@usgs.gov","contributorId":802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paretti","given":"Nicholas V.","email":"nparetti@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, Jeffrey R. 0000-0002-3365-6589 jkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-6589","contributorId":2172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cohn, Timothy A. tacohn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"Timothy A.","email":"tacohn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70101338,"text":"70101338 - 2014 - Vaccination against bacterial kidney disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-09T23:52:44.590957","indexId":"70101338","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"22","title":"Vaccination against bacterial kidney disease","docAbstract":"<p><span>Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) of salmonid fishes, caused by&nbsp;</span><i>Renibacterium salmoninarum</i><span>, has been recognized as a serious disease in salmonid fishes since the 1930s. This chapter discusses the occurrence and significance, etiology, and pathogenesis of BKD. It then describes the different vaccination procedures and the effects and side-effects of vaccination. Despite years of research, however, only a single vaccine has been licensed for prevention of BKD, and has demonstrated variable efficacy. Therefore, in addition to a presentation of the current status of BKD vaccination, a discussion of potential future directions for BKD vaccine development is included in the chapter. This discussion is focused on the unique characteristics of&nbsp;</span><i>R. salmoninarum</i><span>&nbsp;and its biology, as well as aspects of the salmonid immune system that might be explored specifically to develop more effective vaccines for BKD prevention.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fish vaccination","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/9781118806913.ch22","usgsCitation":"Elliott, D.G., Wiens, G.D., Hammell, K.L., and Rhodes, L.D., 2014, Vaccination against bacterial kidney disease, chap. 22 <i>of</i> Fish vaccination, p. 255-272, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118806913.ch22.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"272","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041463","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"536b55f9e4b0a51a87c4b18a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gudding, Roar","contributorId":113550,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gudding","given":"Roar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509840,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lillehaug, Atle","contributorId":113509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillehaug","given":"Atle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509839,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evensen, Oystein","contributorId":113653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evensen","given":"Oystein","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509841,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiens, Gregory D.","contributorId":64531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiens","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hammell, K. Larry","contributorId":20256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammell","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Larry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rhodes, Linda D.","contributorId":52891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhodes","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70268957,"text":"70268957 - 2014 - Fishing for resilience","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-14T13:18:01.46758","indexId":"70268957","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fishing for resilience","docAbstract":"<p><span>Management approaches that focus on social–ecological systems—systems comprised of ecosystems, landscapes, and humans—are needed to secure the sustainability of inland recreational fisheries without jeopardizing the integrity of the underlying social and ecological components. Resilience management can be useful because it focuses on providing recreational capacity for fishermen under a variety of conditions while assuring that the social–ecological system is not pushed to a critical threshold that would result in a new, undesired system regime. Resilience management is based on a system perspective that accounts for the possible regimes a system could manifest. It aims to enhance system properties that allow continued maintenance of the system in a desired regime in which multiple goods and services, including recreational capacity, are provided. In this forum paper, we provide an overview of the potential of a resilience approach to the management of recreational fisheries and highlight the scientific and administrative challenges to its successful implementation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2014.880735","usgsCitation":"Pope, K.L., Allen, C.R., and Angeler, D., 2014, Fishing for resilience: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 143, no. 2, p. 467-478, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.880735.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"467","endPage":"478","ipdsId":"IP-086035","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502533,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ncfwrustaff/116","text":"External Repository"},{"id":492129,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"143","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":270762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angeler, D.G.","contributorId":273144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Angeler","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[{"id":12666,"text":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70058545,"text":"70058545 - 2014 - Semi-automated identification of leopard frogs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-04T17:06:21","indexId":"70058545","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-06T17:02:53","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Semi-automated identification of leopard frogs","docAbstract":"<p>Principal component analysis is used to implement a semi-automatic recognition system to identify recaptured northern leopard frogs (Lithobates pipiens). Results of both open set and closed set experiments are given. The presented algorithm is shown to provide accurate identification of 209 individual leopard frogs from a total set of 1386 images.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods","conferenceTitle":"International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods","conferenceDate":"2014-03-06T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Angers, Loire Valley, France","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.5220/0004828706790686","usgsCitation":"Petrovska-Delacretaz, D., Edwards, A., Chiasson, J., Chollet, G., and Pilliod, D., 2014, Semi-automated identification of leopard frogs, https://doi.org/10.5220/0004828706790686.","ipdsId":"IP-052030","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0004828706790686","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":289443,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289442,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004828706790686"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b22ae4b0388651d918de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petrovska-Delacretaz, Dijana","contributorId":78649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petrovska-Delacretaz","given":"Dijana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Aaron","contributorId":90217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Aaron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chiasson, John","contributorId":85885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiasson","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chollet, Gerard","contributorId":94596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chollet","given":"Gerard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pilliod, David S. 0000-0003-4207-3518 dpilliod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518","contributorId":161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David S.","email":"dpilliod@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70095529,"text":"70095529 - 2014 - Development and evaluation of a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and virus neutralization assay to detect antibodies to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-26T11:02:52","indexId":"70095529","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-06T15:13:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1258,"text":"Clinical and Vaccine Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development and evaluation of a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and virus neutralization assay to detect antibodies to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus","docAbstract":"<p>Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is a target of surveillance by many state and federal agencies in the United States. Currently, the detection of VHSV relies on virus isolation, which is lethal to fish and indicates only the current infection status. A serological method is required to ascertain prior exposure. Here, we report two serologic tests for VHSV that are nonlethal, rapid, and species independent, a virus neutralization (VN) assay and a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results show that the VN assay had a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 42.9%; the anti-nucleocapsid-blocking ELISA detected nonneutralizing VHSV antibodies at a specificity of 88.2% and a sensitivity of 96.4%. The VN assay and ELISA are valuable tools for assessing exposure to VHSV.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/CVI.00675-13","usgsCitation":"Wilson, A., Goldberg, T., Marcquenski, S., Olson, W., Goetz, F., Hershberger, P., Hart, L.M., and Toohey-Kurth, K., 2014, Development and evaluation of a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and virus neutralization assay to detect antibodies to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, v. 21, no. 3, p. 435-442, https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00675-13.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"435","endPage":"442","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051405","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473121,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00675-13","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":283436,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57209130e4b071321fe65604","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Anna 0000-0002-9737-2614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-2614","contributorId":70287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Anna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldberg, Tony","contributorId":79021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Tony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marcquenski, Susan","contributorId":105645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcquenski","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olson, Wendy","contributorId":104794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Wendy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goetz, Frederick","contributorId":71854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goetz","given":"Frederick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hershberger, Paul","contributorId":92557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hart, Lucas M. lhart@usgs.gov","contributorId":4829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Lucas","email":"lhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Toohey-Kurth, Kathy","contributorId":75852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toohey-Kurth","given":"Kathy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70095536,"text":"70095536 - 2014 - Wetland Reserve Program enhances site occupancy and species richness in assemblages of anuran amphibians in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-05T14:59:18","indexId":"70095536","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-06T14:39:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetland Reserve Program enhances site occupancy and species richness in assemblages of anuran amphibians in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley, USA","docAbstract":"We measured amphibian habitat use to quantify the effectiveness of conservation practices implemented under the Wetland Reserve Program (WRP), an initiative of the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation Service. From February to June 2007, we quantified calling male anurans in cultivated cropland, former cultivated cropland restored through the WRP, and mature bottomland hardwood forest. Sites were located in two watersheds within the Mississippi Alluvial Valley of Arkansas and Louisiana, USA. We estimated detection probability and site occupancy within each land use category using a Bayesian hierarchical model of community species occurrence, and derived an estimate of species richness at each site. Relative to sites in cultivated cropland, nine of 1 l species detected were significantly more likely to occur at WRP sites and six were more likely to occur at forested sites. Species richness estimates were also higher for WRP and forested sites, compared to those in cultivated cropland. Almost half (45 %) of the species responded positively to both WRP and forested sites, indicating that patches undergoing restoration may be important transitional habitats. Wetland Reserve Program conservation practices are successful in restoring suitable habitat and reducing the impact of cultivation-induced habitat loss on amphibians in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s13157-013-0498-6","usgsCitation":"Walls, S., Waddle, J., and Faulkner, S.P., 2014, Wetland Reserve Program enhances site occupancy and species richness in assemblages of anuran amphibians in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley, USA: Wetlands, v. 34, no. 1, p. 197-207, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-013-0498-6.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"207","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-049031","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283433,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":283431,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-013-0498-6"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas;Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Alluvial Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.47,29.48 ], [ -93.47,35.85 ], [ -87.91,35.85 ], [ -87.91,29.48 ], [ -93.47,29.48 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"34","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351706fe4b05569d805a451","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walls, Susan C. 0000-0001-7391-9155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":52284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waddle, J. Hardin 0000-0003-1940-2133","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133","contributorId":89982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"J. Hardin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faulkner, Stephen P. 0000-0001-5295-1383 faulkners@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5295-1383","contributorId":374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faulkner","given":"Stephen","email":"faulkners@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70101352,"text":"70101352 - 2014 - A missing dimension in measures of vaccination impacts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T19:25:08.908463","indexId":"70101352","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-06T13:21:58","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2981,"text":"PLoS Pathogens","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A missing dimension in measures of vaccination impacts","docAbstract":"<p><span>Immunological protection, acquired from either natural infection or vaccination, varies among hosts, reflecting underlying biological variation and affecting population-level protection. Owing to the nature of resistance mechanisms, distributions of susceptibility and protection entangle with pathogen dose in a way that can be decoupled by adequately representing the dose dimension. Any infectious processes must depend in some fashion on dose, and empirical evidence exists for an effect of exposure dose on the probability of transmission to mumps-vaccinated hosts&nbsp;</span><a class=\"ref-tip\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Barskey1\" data-mce-href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Barskey1\">[1]</a><span>, the case-fatality ratio of measles&nbsp;</span><a class=\"ref-tip\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Aaby1\" data-mce-href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Aaby1\">[2]</a><span>, and the probability of infection and, given infection, of symptoms in cholera&nbsp;</span><a class=\"ref-tip\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Hornick1\" data-mce-href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Hornick1\">[3]</a><span>. Extreme distributions of vaccine protection have been termed leaky (partially protects all hosts) and all-or-nothing (totally protects a proportion of hosts)&nbsp;</span><a class=\"ref-tip\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Halloran1\" data-mce-href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Halloran1\">[4]</a><span>. These distributions can be distinguished in vaccine field trials from the time dependence of infections&nbsp;</span><a class=\"ref-tip\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Smith1\" data-mce-href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Smith1\">[5]</a><span>. Frailty mixing models have also been proposed to estimate the distribution of protection from time to event data&nbsp;</span><a class=\"ref-tip\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Halloran2\" data-mce-href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Halloran2\">[6]</a><span>,&nbsp;</span><a class=\"ref-tip\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Longini1\" data-mce-href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Longini1\">[7]</a><span>, although the results are not comparable across regions unless there is explicit control for baseline transmission&nbsp;</span><a class=\"ref-tip\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Struchiner1\" data-mce-href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Struchiner1\">[8]</a><span>. Distributions of host susceptibility and acquired protection can be estimated from dose-response data generated under controlled experimental conditions&nbsp;</span><a class=\"ref-tip\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Furumoto1\" data-mce-href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Furumoto1\">[9]</a><span>–</span><a class=\"ref-tip\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Haas1\" data-mce-href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Haas1\">[11]</a><span>&nbsp;and natural settings&nbsp;</span><a class=\"ref-tip\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Smith2\" data-mce-href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Smith2\">[12]</a><span>,&nbsp;</span><a class=\"ref-tip\" href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Gomes1\" data-mce-href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849#ppat.1003849-Gomes1\">[13]</a><span>. These distributions can guide research on mechanisms of protection, as well as enable model validity across the entire range of transmission intensities. We argue for a shift to a dose-dimension paradigm in infectious disease science and community health.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS Pathogens","doi":"10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849","usgsCitation":"Gomes, M., Wargo, A., Lipsitch, M., Kurath, G., Rebelo, C., Medley, G.F., and Coutinho, A., 2014, A missing dimension in measures of vaccination impacts: PLoS Pathogens, v. 10, no. 3, e1003849, 3 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849.","productDescription":"e1003849, 3 p.","ipdsId":"IP-051994","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473122,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003849","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53516ef2e4b05569d8059f27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomes, M. Gabriela M.","contributorId":67409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomes","given":"M. Gabriela M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wargo, Andrew","contributorId":73480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wargo","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lipsitch, Marc","contributorId":201198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lipsitch","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rebelo, Carlota","contributorId":13135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rebelo","given":"Carlota","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Medley, Graham F.","contributorId":80581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medley","given":"Graham","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Coutinho, Antonio","contributorId":54111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coutinho","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70124417,"text":"70124417 - 2014 - Rate of tree carbon accumulation increases continuously with tree size","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T15:07:53","indexId":"70124417","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-06T11:43:38","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rate of tree carbon accumulation increases continuously with tree size","docAbstract":"<p>Forests are major components of the global carbon cycle, providing substantial feedback to atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. Our ability to understand and predict changes in the forest carbon cycle—particularly net primary productivity and carbon storage - increasingly relies on models that represent biological processes across several scales of biological organization, from tree leaves to forest stands. Yet, despite advances in our understanding of productivity at the scales of leaves and stands, no consensus exists about the nature of productivity at the scale of the individual tree, in part because we lack a broad empirical assessment of whether rates of absolute tree mass growth (and thus carbon accumulation) decrease, remain constant, or increase as trees increase in size and age. Here we present a global analysis of 403 tropical and temperate tree species, showing that for most species mass growth rate increases continuously with tree size. Thus, large, old trees do not act simply as senescent carbon reservoirs but actively fix large amounts of carbon compared to smaller trees; at the extreme, a single big tree can add the same amount of carbon to the forest within a year as is contained in an entire mid-sized tree. The apparent paradoxes of individual tree growth increasing with tree size despite declining leaf-level and stand-level productivity can be explained, respectively, by increases in a tree’s total leaf area that outpace declines in productivity per unit of leaf area and, among other factors, age-related reductions in population density. Our results resolve conflicting assumptions about the nature of tree growth, inform efforts to understand and model forest carbon dynamics, and have additional implications for theories of resource allocation and plant senescence.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/nature12914","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, N., Das, A., Condit, R., Russo, S., Baker, P., Beckman, N., Coomes, D., Lines, E., Morris, W., Rüger, N., Alvarez, E., Blundo, C., Bunyavejchewin, S., Chuyong, G., Davies, S., Duque, A., Ewango, C., Flores, O., Franklin, J., Grau, H., Hao, Z., Harmon, M.E., Hubbell, S., Kenfack, D., Lin, Y., Makana, J., Malizia, A., Malizia, L., Pabst, R., Pongpattananurak, N., Su, S., Sun, I., Tan, S., Thomas, D., van Mantgem, P.J., Wang, X., Wiser, S., and Zavala, M., 2014, Rate of tree carbon accumulation increases continuously with tree size: Nature, v. 507, p. 90-93, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12914.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"93","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-050838","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473123,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11336/12757","text":"External Repository"},{"id":293820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293769,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature12914"}],"volume":"507","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54140b25e4b082fed288b956","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, N.L.","contributorId":17559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Das, A.J.","contributorId":108322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Das","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Condit, R.","contributorId":88529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Condit","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Russo, S.E.","contributorId":65779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russo","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baker, P.J.","contributorId":38071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beckman, N.G.","contributorId":51671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beckman","given":"N.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Coomes, D.A.","contributorId":91425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coomes","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lines, E.R.","contributorId":48498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lines","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Morris, W.K.","contributorId":102009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"W.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rüger, N.","contributorId":52095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rüger","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Alvarez, E.","contributorId":50093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Blundo, C.","contributorId":47307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blundo","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Bunyavejchewin, S.","contributorId":9189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunyavejchewin","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Chuyong, G.","contributorId":31324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chuyong","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Davies, S.J.","contributorId":103908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Duque, A.","contributorId":25091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duque","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Ewango, 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