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This study considers recharge to aquifers underlying river-incised glaciated terrain where the distribution of clay-rich till is largely intact in upland locations but has been removed by alluvial erosion in stream valleys. In a stream-dissected glacial region in eastern Nebraska (Great Plains region of the United States), recharge estimates were developed for nested profile, aquifer, and regional scales using unsaturated zone profile measurements (matric potentials, Cl- and 3H), groundwater tracers (CFC-12 and SF6), and a remote sensing-assisted water balance model. Results show a consistent influence of till lithology on recharge rates across nested spatial scales despite substantial uncertainty in all recharge estimation methods, suggesting that minimal diffuse recharge occurs through upland glacial till lithology whereas diffuse recharge occurs in river valleys where till is locally absent. Diffuse recharge is estimated to account for a maximum of 61% of total recharge based on comparison of diffuse recharge estimated from the unsaturated zone (0-43 mm yr-1) and total recharge estimated from groundwater tracers (median 58 mm yr-1) and water balance modeling (median 56 mm yr-1). The results underscore the importance of lithologic controls on the distributions of both recharge rates and mechanisms.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/2013WR014073","usgsCitation":"Gates, J.B., Steele, G.V., Nasta, P., and Szilagyi, J., 2014, Lithologic influences on groundwater recharge through incised glacial till from profile to regional scales: Evidence from glaciated Eastern Nebraska: Water Resources Research, v. 50, no. 1, p. 466-481, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014073.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"466","endPage":"481","ipdsId":"IP-045391","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332457,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n 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gvsteele@usgs.gov","contributorId":783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"Gregory","email":"gvsteele@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nasta, Paolo","contributorId":177626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nasta","given":"Paolo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Szilagyi, Jozsef","contributorId":177627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Szilagyi","given":"Jozsef","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157143,"text":"70157143 - 2014 - Evaluating CO2 and CH4 dynamics of Alaskan ecosystems during the Holocene Thermal Maximum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-08T11:57:24.879652","indexId":"70157143","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Evaluating CO2 and CH4 dynamics of Alaskan ecosystems during the Holocene Thermal Maximum","title":"Evaluating CO2 and CH4 dynamics of Alaskan ecosystems during the Holocene Thermal Maximum","docAbstract":"

The Arctic has experienced much greater warming than the global average in recent decades due to polar amplification. Warming has induced ecological changes that have impacted climate carbon-cycle feedbacks, making it important to understand the climate and vegetation controls on carbon (C) dynamics. Here we used the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM, 11–9 ka BP, 1 ka BP = 1000 cal yr before present) in Alaska as a case study to examine how ecosystem Cdynamics responded to the past warming climate using an integrated approach of combining paleoecological reconstructions and ecosystem modeling. Our paleoecological synthesis showed expansion of deciduous broadleaf forest (dominated by Populus) into tundra and the establishment of boreal evergreen needleleaf and mixed forest during the second half of the HTM under a warmer- and wetter-than-before climate, coincident with the occurrence of the highest net primary productivity, cumulative net ecosystem productivity, soil C accumulation and CH4 emissions. These series of ecological and biogeochemical shifts mirrored the solar insolation and subsequent temperature and precipitation patterns during HTM, indicating the importance of climate controls on C dynamics. Our simulated regional estimate of CH4 emission rates from Alaska during the HTM ranged from 3.5 to 6.4 Tg CH4 yr−1 and highest annual NPP of 470 Tg C yr−1, significantly higher than previously reported modern estimates. Our results show that the differences in static vegetation distribution maps used in simulations of different time slices have greater influence on modeled C dynamics than climatic fields within each time slice, highlighting the importance of incorporating vegetation community dynamics and their responses to climatic conditions in long-term biogeochemical modeling.

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S.","contributorId":147519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Felzer","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":16857,"text":"Lehigh Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mason, Erik","contributorId":147520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mason","given":"Erik","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yu, Zicheng 0000-0003-2358-2712","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2358-2712","contributorId":147521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yu","given":"Zicheng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16857,"text":"Lehigh Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70073497,"text":"70073497 - 2014 - Total mercury concentrations in lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles) from the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-20T10:51:14","indexId":"70073497","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-20T10:33:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Total mercury concentrations in lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles) from the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, USA","docAbstract":"Strategies to control invasive lionfish in the western Atlantic and Caribbean are likely to include harvest and consumption. Until this report, total mercury concentrations had been documented only for lionfish from Jamaica, and changes in concentrations with increasing fish size had not been evaluated. In the Florida Keys, total mercury concentrations in dorsal muscle tissue from 107 lionfish ranged from 0.03 to 0.48 ppm, with all concentrations being less than the regulatory threshold for limited consumption. Mercury concentrations did not vary consistently with standard lengths or wet weights of lionfish. In 2010, lionfish from the upper Keys had mean concentrations that were 0.03–0.04 ppm higher than lionfish from the middle Keys, but mean concentrations did not differ consistently among years and locations. Overall, total mercury concentrations in lionfish were lower than those in several predatory fishes that support commercial and recreational fisheries in Florida.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.11.019","usgsCitation":"Huge, D.H., Schofield, P.J., Jacoby, C., and Frazer, T., 2014, Total mercury concentrations in lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles) from the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, USA: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 78, no. 1-2, p. 51-55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.11.019.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"55","ipdsId":"IP-049917","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281284,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281281,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.11.019"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.9031,24.3471 ], [ -81.9031,24.9871 ], [ -81.2631,24.9871 ], [ -81.2631,24.3471 ], [ -81.9031,24.3471 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"78","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52de4620e4b0005d036f1c15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huge, Dane H. dhuge@usgs.gov","contributorId":4314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huge","given":"Dane","email":"dhuge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schofield, Pamela J. 0000-0002-8752-2797 pschofield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-2797","contributorId":917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schofield","given":"Pamela","email":"pschofield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":488817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jacoby, Charles A.","contributorId":103176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacoby","given":"Charles A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frazer, Thomas K.","contributorId":53287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frazer","given":"Thomas K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70074654,"text":"70074654 - 2014 - Seismicity within a propagating ice shelf rift: the relationship between icequake locations and ice shelf structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-07T18:00:36","indexId":"70074654","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-20T10:12:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismicity within a propagating ice shelf rift: the relationship between icequake locations and ice shelf structure","docAbstract":"Iceberg calving is a dominant mass loss mechanism for Antarctic ice shelves, second only to basal melting. An important known process involved in calving is the initiation and propagation of through-penetrating fractures called rifts; however, the mechanisms controlling rift propagation remain poorly understood. To investigate the mechanics of ice-shelf rifting, we analyzed seismicity associated with a propagating rift tip on the Amery Ice Shelf, using data collected during the Austral summers of 2004-2007. We investigated seismicity associated with fracture propagation using a suite of passive seismological techniques including icequake locations, back projection, and moment tensor inversion. We confirm previous results that show that seismicity is characterized by periods of relative quiescence punctuated by swarms of intense seismicity of one to three hours. However, even during periods of quiescence, we find significant seismic deformation around the rift tip. Moment tensors, calculated for a subset of the largest icequakes (MW > -2.0) located near the rift tip, show steeply dipping fault planes, horizontal or shallowly plunging stress orientations, and often have a significant volumetric component. They also reveal that much of the observed seismicity is limited to the upper 50 m of the ice shelf. This suggests a complex system of deformation that involves the propagating rift, the region behind the rift tip, and a system of rift-transverse crevasses. Small-scale variations in the mechanical structure of the ice shelf, especially rift-transverse crevasses and accreted marine ice, play an important role in modulating the rate and location of seismicity associated with propagating ice shelf rifts.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2013JF002849","usgsCitation":"Heeszel, D.S., Fricker, H., Bassis, J.N., O’Neel, S., and Walter, F., 2014, Seismicity within a propagating ice shelf rift: the relationship between icequake locations and ice shelf structure: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 119, no. 4, p. 731-744, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JF002849.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"731","endPage":"744","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-045706","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473213,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jf002849","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281800,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013JF002849"}],"otherGeospatial":"Amery Ice Shelf, Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 66.4,-72.04 ], [ 66.4,-68.02 ], [ 76.46,-68.02 ], [ 76.46,-72.04 ], [ 66.4,-72.04 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"119","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351705fe4b05569d805a398","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heeszel, David S.","contributorId":14729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heeszel","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fricker, Helen A.","contributorId":57337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fricker","given":"Helen A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bassis, Jeremy N.","contributorId":49271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bassis","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Neel, Shad 0000-0002-9185-0144 soneel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-0144","contributorId":166740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neel","given":"Shad","email":"soneel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walter, Fabian","contributorId":21431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"Fabian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70057601,"text":"sim3279 - 2014 - Geologic map of the eastern quarter of the Flagstaff 30’ x 60’ quadrangle, Coconino County, northern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-26T15:13:09.238939","indexId":"sim3279","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-20T09:02:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3279","title":"Geologic map of the eastern quarter of the Flagstaff 30’ x 60’ quadrangle, Coconino County, northern Arizona","docAbstract":"The eastern quarter of the Flagstaff 30′ x 60′ quadrangle includes eight USGS 1:24,000-scale quadrangles in Coconino County, northern Arizona (fig. 1, map sheet): Anderson Canyon, Babbitt Wash, Canyon Diablo, Grand Falls, Grand Falls SE, Grand Falls SW, Grand Falls NE, and Meteor Crater. The map is bounded by lat 35° to 35°30′ N. and long 111° to 111°15′ W. and is on the southern part of the Colorado Plateaus geologic province (herein Colorado Plateau). Elevations range from 4,320 ft (1,317 m) at the Little Colorado River in the northwest corner of the map area to about 6,832 ft (2,082 m) at the southwest corner of the map.\n\nThis geologic map provides an updated geologic framework for the eastern quarter of the Flagstaff 30′ x 60′ quadrangle and is adjacent to two other recent geologic maps, the Cameron and Winslow 30′ x 60′ quadrangles (Billingsley and others, 2007, 2013).\n\nThis geologic map is the product of a cooperative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Navajo Nation. It provides geologic information for resource management officials of the U.S. Forest Service, the Arizona Game and Fish Department, and the Navajo Nation Reservation (herein the Navajo Nation). Funding for the map was provided by the USGS geologic mapping program, Reston, Virginia. Field work on the Navajo Nation was conducted under a permit from the Navajo Nation Minerals Department. Any persons wishing to conduct geologic investigations on the Navajo Nation must first apply for, and receive, a permit from the Navajo Nation Minerals Department, P.O. Box 1910, Window Rock, Arizona 86515, telephone (928) 871-6587.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3279","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Navajo Nation Minerals Department","usgsCitation":"Billingsley, G.H., Block, D.L., and Hiza-Redsteer, M., 2014, Geologic map of the eastern quarter of the Flagstaff 30’ x 60’ quadrangle, Coconino County, northern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3279, Report: ii, 24 p.; 1 Plate: 42.0 x 55.0 inches; Readme; Metadata; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3279.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 24 p.; 1 Plate: 42.0 x 55.0 inches; Readme; Metadata; Database","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-041646","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281271,"rank":7,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3279.jpg"},{"id":417496,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_99515.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":281270,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3279/downloads/sim3279_database.zip"},{"id":281268,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3279/downloads/sim3279_readme.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":281267,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3279/pdf/sim3279.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":281264,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3279/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":281266,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3279/pdf/sim3279_pamphlet.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":281269,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3279/downloads/sim3279_metadata.txt"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Coconino County","city":"Flagstaff","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.35,35.0 ], [ -111.35,35.5 ], [ -111.0,35.5 ], [ -111.0,35.0 ], [ -111.35,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5d4ce4b0b290850fb055","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Billingsley, George H.","contributorId":20711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Billingsley","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Block, Debra L. 0000-0001-7348-3064 dblock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7348-3064","contributorId":3587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Block","given":"Debra","email":"dblock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hiza-Redsteer, Margaret","contributorId":77020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiza-Redsteer","given":"Margaret","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70156246,"text":"70156246 - 2014 - Inferences about population dynamics from count data using multi-state models: A comparison to capture-recapture approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-10T16:40:39.588899","indexId":"70156246","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inferences about population dynamics from count data using multi-state models: A comparison to capture-recapture approaches","docAbstract":"

Wildlife populations consist of individuals that contribute disproportionately to growth and viability. Understanding a population's spatial and temporal dynamics requires estimates of abundance and demographic rates that account for this heterogeneity. Estimating these quantities can be difficult, requiring years of intensive data collection. Often, this is accomplished through the capture and recapture of individual animals, which is generally only feasible at a limited number of locations. In contrast, N-mixture models allow for the estimation of abundance, and spatial variation in abundance, from count data alone. We extend recently developed multistate, open population N-mixture models, which can additionally estimate demographic rates based on an organism's life history characteristics. In our extension, we develop an approach to account for the case where not all individuals can be assigned to a state during sampling. Using only state-specific count data, we show how our model can be used to estimate local population abundance, as well as density-dependent recruitment rates and state-specific survival. We apply our model to a population of black-throated blue warblers (Setophaga caerulescens) that have been surveyed for 25 years on their breeding grounds at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire, USA. The intensive data collection efforts allow us to compare our estimates to estimates derived from capture–recapture data. Our model performed well in estimating population abundance and density-dependent rates of annual recruitment/immigration. Estimates of local carrying capacity and per capita recruitment of yearlings were consistent with those published in other studies. However, our model moderately underestimated annual survival probability of yearling and adult females and severely underestimates survival probabilities for both of these male stages. The most accurate and precise estimates will necessarily require some amount of intensive data collection efforts (such as capture–recapture). Integrated population models that combine data from both intensive and extensive sources are likely to be the most efficient approach for estimating demographic rates at large spatial and temporal scales.

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Andrew","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":568335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70132331,"text":"70132331 - 2014 - Anatomy of the lamprey ear: morphological evidence for occurrence of horizontal semicircular ducts in the labyrinth of Petromyzon marinus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-04T15:36:40","indexId":"70132331","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3822,"text":"Journal of Anatomy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anatomy of the lamprey ear: morphological evidence for occurrence of horizontal semicircular ducts in the labyrinth of Petromyzon marinus","docAbstract":"

In jawed (gnathostome) vertebrates, the inner ears have three semicircular canals arranged orthogonally in the three Cartesian planes: one horizontal (lateral) and two vertical canals. They function as detectors for angular acceleration in their respective planes. Living jawless craniates, cyclostomes (hagfish and lamprey) and their fossil records seemingly lack a lateral horizontal canal. The jawless vertebrate hagfish inner ear is described as a torus or doughnut, having one vertical canal, and the jawless vertebrate lamprey having two. These observations on the anatomy of the cyclostome (jawless vertebrate) inner ear have been unchallenged for over a century, and the question of how these jawless vertebrates perceive angular acceleration in the yaw (horizontal) planes has remained open. To provide an answer to this open question we reevaluated the anatomy of the inner ear in the lamprey, using stereoscopic dissection and scanning electron microscopy. The present study reveals a novel observation: the lamprey has two horizontal semicircular ducts in each labyrinth. Furthermore, the horizontal ducts in the lamprey, in contrast to those of jawed vertebrates, are located on the medial surface in the labyrinth rather than on the lateral surface. Our data on the lamprey horizontal duct suggest that the appearance of the horizontal canal characteristic of gnathostomes (lateral) and lampreys (medial) are mutually exclusive and indicate a parallel evolution of both systems, one in cyclostomes and one in gnathostome ancestors.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/joa.12159","usgsCitation":"Maklad, A., Reed, C., Johnson, N.S., and Fritzsch, B., 2014, Anatomy of the lamprey ear: morphological evidence for occurrence of horizontal semicircular ducts in the labyrinth of Petromyzon marinus: Journal of Anatomy, v. 224, no. 4, p. 432-446, https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12159.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"432","endPage":"446","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053094","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub/836","text":"External Repository"},{"id":296446,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"224","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"548193b9e4b0aa6d778520e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maklad, Adel","contributorId":126755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maklad","given":"Adel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6593,"text":"Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":522788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Caitlyn","contributorId":126756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reed","given":"Caitlyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6593,"text":"Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":522789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fritzsch, Bernd","contributorId":126757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fritzsch","given":"Bernd","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6594,"text":"Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":522790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70073510,"text":"ds812 - 2014 - DOI/GTN-P climate and active-layer data acquired in the National Petroleum Reserve: Alaska and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, 1998-2011","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70073510,"text":"ds812 - 2014 - DOI/GTN-P climate and active-layer data acquired in the National Petroleum Reserve: Alaska and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, 1998-2011","indexId":"ds812","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"DOI/GTN-P climate and active-layer data acquired in the National Petroleum Reserve: Alaska and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, 1998-2011"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70135103,"text":"ds892 - 2014 - DOI/GTN-P climate and active-layer data acquired in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge","indexId":"ds892","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"DOI/GTN-P climate and active-layer data acquired in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70135103,"text":"ds892 - 2014 - DOI/GTN-P climate and active-layer data acquired in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge","indexId":"ds892","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"DOI/GTN-P climate and active-layer data acquired in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge"},"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T08:50:34","indexId":"ds812","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-17T12:47:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"812","title":"DOI/GTN-P climate and active-layer data acquired in the National Petroleum Reserve: Alaska and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, 1998-2011","docAbstract":"

This report provides data collected by the climate monitoring array of the U.S. Department of the Interior on Federal lands in Arctic Alaska over the period August 1998 to July 2011; this array is part of the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost, (DOI/GTN-P). In addition to presenting data, this report also describes monitoring, data collection, and quality-control methodology. This array of 16 monitoring stations spans lat 68.5°N. to 70.5°N. and long 142.5°W. to 161°W., an area of approximately 150,000 square kilometers. Climate summaries are presented along with quality-controlled data. Data collection is ongoing and includes the following climate- and permafrost-related variables: air temperature, wind speed and direction, ground temperature and soil moisture, snow depth, rainfall, up- and downwelling shortwave radiation, and atmospheric pressure. These data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in close collaboration with the Bureau of Land Management and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds812","issn":"2327-638X","usgsCitation":"Urban, F., and Clow, G.D., 2014, DOI/GTN-P climate and active-layer data acquired in the National Petroleum Reserve: Alaska and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, 1998-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 812, Report; 17 HTML documents, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds812.","productDescription":"Report; 17 HTML documents","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1998-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-049434","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281248,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds812.jpg"},{"id":281246,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/812/"},{"id":281247,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/812/introduction.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -165.0,66.0 ], [ -165.0,71.5 ], [ -140.0,71.5 ], [ -140.0,66.0 ], [ -165.0,66.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52da50e1e4b0b074f3afba99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Urban, Frank E. 0000-0002-1329-1703","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1703","contributorId":80918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urban","given":"Frank E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clow, Gary D. 0000-0002-2262-3853 clow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2262-3853","contributorId":2066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"Gary","email":"clow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70049011,"text":"ofr20131265 - 2014 - The United States Geological Survey Science Data Lifecycle Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T16:11:18","indexId":"ofr20131265","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-17T11:49:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1265","title":"The United States Geological Survey Science Data Lifecycle Model","docAbstract":"U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) data represent corporate assets with potential value beyond any immediate research use, and therefore need to be accounted for and properly managed throughout their lifecycle. Recognizing these motives, a USGS team developed a Science Data Lifecycle Model (SDLM) as a high-level view of data—from conception through preservation and sharing—to illustrate how data management activities relate to project workflows, and to assist with understanding the expectations of proper data management. In applying the Model to research activities, USGS scientists can ensure that data products will be well-described, preserved, accessible, and fit for re-use. The Model also serves as a structure to help the USGS evaluate and improve policies and practices for managing scientific data, and to identify areas in which new tools and standards are needed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131265","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"Faundeen, J., Burley, T.E., Carlino, J., Govoni, D.L., Henkel, H., Holl, S.L., Hutchison, V., Martín, E., Montgomery, E., Ladino, C., Tessler, S., and Zolly, L., 2014, The United States Geological Survey Science Data Lifecycle Model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1265, iii, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131265.","productDescription":"iii, 4 p.","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045321","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and 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Administration","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Henkel, Heather S. hhenkel@usgs.gov","contributorId":2869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henkel","given":"Heather S.","email":"hhenkel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holl, Sally L. sholl@usgs.gov","contributorId":4464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holl","given":"Sally","email":"sholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hutchison, Vivian B. 0000-0001-5301-3698 vhutchison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-3698","contributorId":5100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchison","given":"Vivian B.","email":"vhutchison@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Martín, Elizabeth","contributorId":57769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martín","given":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Montgomery, Ellyn T.","contributorId":78038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"Ellyn T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ladino, Cassandra ccladino@usgs.gov","contributorId":3514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ladino","given":"Cassandra","email":"ccladino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tessler, Steven stessler@usgs.gov","contributorId":3772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tessler","given":"Steven","email":"stessler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":486007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Zolly, Lisa S.","contributorId":30142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zolly","given":"Lisa S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70047920,"text":"70047920 - 2014 - Response of diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in the central Gulf of California to regional climate change during the past 55 kyrs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-14T11:39:37","indexId":"70047920","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-17T08:36:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in the central Gulf of California to regional climate change during the past 55 kyrs","docAbstract":"

High-resolution studies of diatoms and silicoflagellates of the past 55 kyrs in cores MD02-2517/2515 from the central Gulf of California (GoC) reveal profound changes in GoC surface waters. Roperia tesselata, a diatom proxy for late winter–early spring upwelling, and Dictyocha stapedia, a subtropical silicoflagellate indicative of GoC sea surface temperatures (SSTs) > 24 °C, are common during the Holocene but rare during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2 and most of MIS 3, a relationship that likely reflects a more northerly position of the North Pacific High (NPH) during the Holocene. In contrast during most of MIS 2 (~ 27–15 ka), the persistent presence of Distephanus speculum, a silicoflagellate associated with SSTs < 16°, suggests that cold, low salinity waters penetrated into the GoC, consistent with southward displacement of the NPH.

\n
\n

During MIS 3 (~ 55–27 ka), increased dominance of Azpeitia nodulifera (diatom) implies that stratified, tropical waters were present year round, whereas silicoflagellate assemblages suggest that stratified tropical conditions alternated with more productive, upwelling conditions on millennial timescales. Reduced biosiliceous productivity during Heinrich events likely reflected a reduction in both surface water nutrient levels and in the strength of northwest winds due to a weakened and more southerly NPH. Conversely, enhanced biosiliceous productivity during MIS 3 interstadials was probably linked to heightened nutrient levels and a strengthened NPH. Abrupt relative abundance increases of the silicoflagellate, Dictyocha aculeata, approximate the termination of MIS3 Heinrich events and may signal times when nutrient-rich deep waters associated with the resumption of enhanced Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation penetrated into the central Gulf.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Micropaleontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marmicro.2014.02.004","usgsCitation":"Barron, J.A., Bukry, D., and Cheshire, H., 2014, Response of diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in the central Gulf of California to regional climate change during the past 55 kyrs: Marine Micropaleontology, v. 108, p. 28-40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2014.02.004.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-049595","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282514,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282513,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2014.02.004"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.01611111111111111,5.555555555555556E-4 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,5.555555555555556E-4 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,5.555555555555556E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"108","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd70afe4b0b29085107307","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bukry, David 0000-0003-4540-890X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-890X","contributorId":30980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheshire, Heather","contributorId":11111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheshire","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70094536,"text":"70094536 - 2014 - Phytoplankton growth balanced by clam and zooplankton grazing and net transport into the low-salinity zone of the San Francisco Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-21T08:39:13","indexId":"70094536","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-17T08:32:51","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phytoplankton growth balanced by clam and zooplankton grazing and net transport into the low-salinity zone of the San Francisco Estuary","docAbstract":"We estimated the influence of planktonic and benthic grazing on phytoplankton in the strongly tidal, river-dominated northern San Francisco Estuary using data from an intensive study of the low salinity foodweb in 2006–2008 supplemented with long-term monitoring data. A drop in chlorophyll concentration in 1987 had previously been linked to grazing by the introduced clam Potamocorbula amurensis, but numerous changes in the estuary may be linked to the continued low chlorophyll. We asked whether phytoplankton continued to be suppressed by grazing and what proportion of the grazing was by benthic bivalves. A mass balance of phytoplankton biomass included estimates of primary production and grazing by microzooplankton, mesozooplankton, and clams. Grazing persistently exceeded net phytoplankton growth especially for larger cells, and grazing by microzooplankton often exceeded that by clams. A subsidy of phytoplankton from other regions roughly balanced the excess of grazing over growth. Thus, the influence of bivalve grazing on phytoplankton biomass can be understood only in the context of limits on phytoplankton growth, total grazing, and transport.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuaries and Coasts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-013-9753-6","usgsCitation":"Kimmerer, W.J., and Thompson, J.K., 2014, Phytoplankton growth balanced by clam and zooplankton grazing and net transport into the low-salinity zone of the San Francisco Estuary: Estuaries and Coasts, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-013-9753-6.","productDescription":"17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-052044","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-013-9753-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":282612,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282607,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12237-013-9753-6/fulltext.html"},{"id":282611,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-013-9753-6"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -122.5,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -122.5,8.333333333333334E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6b8ae4b0b29085103f9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimmerer, Wim J.","contributorId":59169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimmerer","given":"Wim","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6690,"text":"San Francisco State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":490670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Janet K. 0000-0002-1528-8452 jthompso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-8452","contributorId":1009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Janet","email":"jthompso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70125443,"text":"70125443 - 2014 - Abalone farm discharges the withering syndrome pathogen into the wild","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-16T16:56:38","indexId":"70125443","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-16T16:55:22","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1702,"text":"Frontiers in Microbiology","onlineIssn":"1664-302X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abalone farm discharges the withering syndrome pathogen into the wild","docAbstract":"An intracellular bacterium Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis, also called Withering-Syndrome Rickettsia-Like Organism (WS-RLO), is the cause of mass mortalities that are the chief reason for endangerment of black abalone (Haliotis cracherodii). Using a real-time PCR assay, we found that a shore-based abalone farm (AF) in Santa Barbara, CA, USA discharged WS-RLO DNA into the ocean. Several other shore-based AFs discharge effluent into critical habitat for black abalone in California and this might affect the recovery of wild black abalone. Existing regulatory frameworks exist that could help protect wild species from pathogens released from shore-based aquaculture.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Frontiers in Microbiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Research Foundation","publisherLocation":"Lausanne","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2013.00373","usgsCitation":"Lafferty, K.D., and Ben-Horin, T., 2014, Abalone farm discharges the withering syndrome pathogen into the wild: Frontiers in Microbiology, v. 4, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00373.","productDescription":"1 p.","numberOfPages":"1","ipdsId":"IP-052036","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00373","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294001,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00373"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54195121e4b091c7ffc8e594","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ben-Horin, Tal","contributorId":58137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ben-Horin","given":"Tal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70048326,"text":"70048326 - 2014 - Transgenic zebrafish reveal tissue-specific differences in estrogen signaling in response to environmental water samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:56:56","indexId":"70048326","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-16T10:17:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1542,"text":"Environmental Health Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transgenic zebrafish reveal tissue-specific differences in estrogen signaling in response to environmental water samples","docAbstract":"Background: Environmental endocrine disruptors (EED) are exogenous chemicals that mimic endogenous hormones, such as estrogens. Previous studies using a zebrafish transgenic reporter demonstrated that the EEDs bisphenol A and genistein preferentially activate estrogen receptors (ER) in the larval heart compared to the liver. However, it was not known whether the transgenic zebrafish reporter was sensitive enough to detect estrogens from environmental samples, whether environmental estrogens would exhibit similar tissue-specific effects as BPA and genistein or why some compounds preferentially target receptors in the heart.\n\nMethods: We tested surface water samples using a transgenic zebrafish reporter with tandem estrogen response elements driving green fluorescent protein expression (5xERE:GFP). Reporter activation was colocalized with tissue-specific expression of estrogen receptor genes by RNA in situ hybridization.\n\nResults: Selective patterns of ER activation were observed in transgenic fish exposed to river water samples from the Mid-Atlantic United States, with several samples preferentially activating receptors in embryonic and larval heart valves. We discovered that tissue-specificity in ER activation is due to differences in the expression of estrogen receptor subtypes. ERα is expressed in developing heart valves but not in the liver, whereas ERβ2 has the opposite profile. Accordingly, subtype-specific ER agonists activate the reporter in either the heart valves or the liver.\n\nConclusion: The use of 5xERE:GFP transgenic zebrafish has revealed an unexpected tissue-specific difference in the response to environmentally relevant estrogenic compounds. Exposure to estrogenic EEDs in utero is associated with adverse health effects, with the potentially unanticipated consequence of targeting developing heart valves.","language":"English","publisher":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi":"10.1289/ehp.1307329","usgsCitation":"Gorelick, D.A., Iwanowicz, L., Hung, A.L., Blazer, V., and Halpern, M.E., 2014, Transgenic zebrafish reveal tissue-specific differences in estrogen signaling in response to environmental water samples: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 122, no. 4, p. 356-362, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307329.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"356","endPage":"362","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049283","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473218,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307329","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281150,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281149,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307329"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey;Pennsylvania;Virginia;West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.6517,36.7872 ], [ -80.6517,41.6321 ], [ -74.261,41.6321 ], [ -74.261,36.7872 ], [ -80.6517,36.7872 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"122","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d900cde4b08fdd5281486d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gorelick, Daniel A.","contributorId":34044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorelick","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R.","contributorId":11902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hung, Alice L.","contributorId":56554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hung","given":"Alice","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Halpern, Marnie E.","contributorId":86688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halpern","given":"Marnie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70102289,"text":"70102289 - 2014 - Air-water gas exchange and CO2 flux in a mangrove-dominated estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-22T10:10:27","indexId":"70102289","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-16T09:56:31","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Air-water gas exchange and CO2 flux in a mangrove-dominated estuary","docAbstract":"Mangrove forests are highly productive ecosystems, but the fate of mangrove-derived carbon remains uncertain. Part of that uncertainty stems from the fact that gas transfer velocities in mangrove-surrounded waters are not well determined, leading to uncertainty in air-water CO2 fluxes. Two SF6 tracer release experiments were conducted to determine gas transfer velocities (k(600) = 8.3 ± 0.4 and 8.1 ± 0.6 cm h−1), along with simultaneous measurements of pCO2 to determine the air-water CO2 fluxes from Shark River, Florida (232.11 ± 23.69 and 171.13 ± 20.28 mmol C m−2 d−1), an estuary within the largest contiguous mangrove forest in North America. The gas transfer velocity results are consistent with turbulent kinetic energy dissipation measurements, indicating a higher rate of turbulence and gas exchange than predicted by commonly used wind speed/gas exchange parameterizations. The results have important implications for carbon fluxes in mangrove ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2013GL058785","usgsCitation":"Ho, D., Ferrón, S., Engel, V.C., Larsen, L., and Barr, J.G., 2014, Air-water gas exchange and CO2 flux in a mangrove-dominated estuary: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 41, no. 1, p. 108-113, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058785.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"108","endPage":"113","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-052002","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473219,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013gl058785","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":286486,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286484,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058785"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Shark River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.6256,24.85 ], [ -81.6256,25.998 ], [ -80.2514,25.998 ], [ -80.2514,24.85 ], [ -81.6256,24.85 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"41","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53578f60e4b0938066bc81b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ho, David T.","contributorId":97825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ho","given":"David T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferrón, Sara","contributorId":39700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrón","given":"Sara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engel, Victor C. 0000-0002-3858-7308 vengel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3858-7308","contributorId":2329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engel","given":"Victor","email":"vengel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Larsen, Laurel G.","contributorId":42111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Laurel G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barr, Jordan G.","contributorId":85809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barr","given":"Jordan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13531,"text":"South Florida Natural Resource Center, Everglades National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":492891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70049033,"text":"ofr20131271 - 2014 - Pesticides and nitrate in groundwater underlying citrus croplands, Lake Wales Ridge, central Florida, 1999-2005.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-16T08:34:05","indexId":"ofr20131271","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-16T08:18:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1271","title":"Pesticides and nitrate in groundwater underlying citrus croplands, Lake Wales Ridge, central Florida, 1999-2005.","docAbstract":"This report summarizes pesticide and nitrate (as nitrogen) results from quarterly sampling of 31 surficial-aquifer wells in the Lake Wales Ridge Monitoring Network during April 1999 through January 2005. The wells, located adjacent to citrus orchards and used for monitoring only, were generally screened (sampled) within 5 to 40 feet of the water table. Of the 44 citrus pesticides and pesticide degradates analyzed, 17 were detected in groundwater samples. Parent pesticides and degradates detected in quarterly groundwater samples, ordered by frequency of detection, included norflurazon, demethyl norflurazon, simazine, diuron, bromacil, aldicarb sulfone, aldicarb sulfoxide, deisopropylatrazine (DIA), imidacloprid, metalaxyl, thiazopyr monoacid, oxamyl, and aldicarb. Reconnaissance sampling of five Network wells yielded detection of four additional pesticide degradates (hydroxysimazine, didealkylatrazine, deisopropylhydroxyatrazine, and hydroxyatrazine). The highest median concentration values per well, based on samples collected during the 1999–2005 period (n=14 to 24 samples per well), included 3.05 µg/L (micrograms per liter) (simazine), 3.90 µg/L (diuron), 6.30 µg/L (aldicarb sulfone), 6.85 µg/L (aldicarb sulfoxide), 22.0 µg/L (demethyl norflurazon), 25.0 µg/ (norflurazon), 89 µg/ (bromacil), and 25.5 mg/L (milligrams per liter) (nitrate). Nitrate concentrations exceeded the 10 mg/L (as nitrogen) drinking water standard in one or more groundwater samples from 28 of the wells, and the median nitrate concentration among these wells was 14 mg/L. Sampled groundwater pesticide concentrations exceeded Florida’s health-guidance benchmarks for aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone (4 wells), the sum of aldicarb and its degradates (6 wells), simazine (2 wells), the sum of simazine and DIA (3 wells), diuron (2 wells), bromacil (1 well), and the sum of norflurazon and demethyl norflurazon (1 well). The magnitude of fluctuations in groundwater pesticide concentrations varied between wells and between pesticide compounds. Of the 10 pesticide compounds detected at sufficient frequency to assess temporal variability in quarterly sampling records, median values of the relative interquartile range (ratio of the interquartile range to the median) among wells typically ranged from about 100 to 150 percent. The relative interquartile range of pesticide concentrations at individual wells could be much higher, sometimes exceeding 200 to 500 percent. No distinct spatial patterns were apparent among median pesticide concentrations in sampled wells; nitrate concentrations tended to be greater in samples from wells in the northern part of the study area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131271","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, and the Southwest Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Choquette, A.F., 2014, Pesticides and nitrate in groundwater underlying citrus croplands, Lake Wales Ridge, central Florida, 1999-2005.: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1271, Report: vii, 28 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131271.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 28 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"35","ipdsId":"IP-049592","costCenters":[{"id":285,"text":"Florida Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281143,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131271.jpg"},{"id":281136,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1271/appendix/ofr2013-1271_appendix1.xlsx"},{"id":281137,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://fl.water.usgs.gov/lake-wales/index.html"},{"id":281138,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1231/"},{"id":281134,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1271/"},{"id":281135,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1271/pdf/of2013-1271.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Lake Wales Ridge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.6607,27.8578 ], [ -81.6607,27.9784 ], [ -81.5312,27.9784 ], [ -81.5312,27.8578 ], [ -81.6607,27.8578 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d900cbe4b08fdd52814863","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Choquette, Anne F. achoq@usgs.gov","contributorId":1225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choquette","given":"Anne","email":"achoq@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70060093,"text":"ofr20141001 - 2014 - Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Springs Fire, Ventura County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-15T16:26:17","indexId":"ofr20141001","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-15T16:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1001","title":"Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Springs Fire, Ventura County, California","docAbstract":"Wildfire can significantly alter the hydrologic response of a watershed to the extent that even modest rainstorms can produce dangerous flash floods and debris flows. In this report, empirical models are used to predict the probability and magnitude of debris-flow occurrence in response to a 10-year rainstorm for the 2013 Springs fire in Ventura County, California. Overall, the models predict a relatively high probability (60–80 percent) of debris flow for 9 of the 99 drainage basins in the burn area in response to a 10-year recurrence interval design storm. Predictions of debris-flow volume suggest that debris flows may entrain a significant volume of material, with 28 of the 99 basins identified as having potential debris-flow volumes greater than 10,000 cubic meters. These results of the relative combined hazard analysis suggest there is a moderate likelihood of significant debris-flow hazard within and downstream of the burn area for nearby populations, infrastructure, wildlife, and water resources. Given these findings, we recommend that residents, emergency managers, and public works departments pay close attention to weather forecasts and National Weather Service-issued Debris Flow and Flash Flood Outlooks, Watches, and Warnings, and that residents adhere to any evacuation orders.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141001","usgsCitation":"Staley, D.M., 2014, Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Springs Fire, Ventura County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1001, Report: iv, 10 p.; 3 Plates: 48 x 36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141001.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 10 p.; 3 Plates: 48 x 36 inches","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052864","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281128,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141001.jpg"},{"id":281127,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1001/"},{"id":281129,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1001/pdf/of2014-1001.pdf"},{"id":281130,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1001/pdf/Plate1_ProbabilityMap.pdf"},{"id":281131,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1001/pdf/Plate2_VolumeMap.pdf"},{"id":281132,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1001/pdf/Plate3_CombinedMap.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Ventura County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.227066,33.997458 ], [ -119.227066,34.27651 ], [ -118.767014,34.27651 ], [ -118.767014,33.997458 ], [ -119.227066,33.997458 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d7ade1e4b0f10664b99dc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70170794,"text":"70170794 - 2014 - Constraining explosive volcanism: Subjective choices during estimates of eruption magnitude","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T14:11:17","indexId":"70170794","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-15T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constraining explosive volcanism: Subjective choices during estimates of eruption magnitude","docAbstract":"

When estimating the magnitude of explosive eruptions from their deposits, individuals make three sets of critical choices with respect to input data: the spacing of sampling sites, the selection of contour intervals to constrain the field measurements, and the hand contouring of thickness/isomass data, respectively. Volcanologists make subjective calls, as there are no accepted published protocols and few accounts of how these choices will impact estimates of eruption magnitude. Here, for the first time, we took a set of unpublished thickness measurements from the 1959 Kīlauea Iki pyroclastic fall deposit and asked 101 volcanologists worldwide to hand contour the data. First, there were surprisingly consistent volume estimates across maps with three different sampling densities. Second, the variability in volume calculations imparted by individuals’ choices of contours is also surprisingly low and lies between s = 5 and 8 %. Third, volume estimation is insensitive to the extent to which different individuals “smooth” the raw data in constructing contour lines. Finally, large uncertainty is associated with the construction of the thinnest isopachs, which is likely to underestimate the actual trend of deposit thinning. The net result is that researchers can have considerable confidence in using volume or dispersal data from multiple authors and different deposits for comparative studies. These insights should help volcanologists around the world to optimize design and execution of field-based studies to characterize accurately the volume of pyroclastic deposits.

","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior","doi":"10.1007/s00445-013-0793-3","usgsCitation":"Klawonn, M., Houghton, B.F., Swanson, D., Fagents, S.A., Wessel, P., and Wolfe, C.J., 2014, Constraining explosive volcanism: Subjective choices during estimates of eruption magnitude: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 76, no. 793, Article 793; 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-013-0793-3.","productDescription":"Article 793; 6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-075486","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320880,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"793","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5729cbaee4b0b13d3919a2eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klawonn, Malin","contributorId":169095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klawonn","given":"Malin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houghton, Bruce F. 0000-0002-7532-9770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9770","contributorId":140077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, Don 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":168817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Don","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":628423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fagents, Sarah A.","contributorId":66152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagents","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wessel, Paul","contributorId":169097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wessel","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wolfe, Cecily J.","contributorId":29294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"Cecily","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70073355,"text":"70073355 - 2014 - Capturing migration phenology of terrestrial wildlife using camera traps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-18T11:32:02","indexId":"70073355","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-15T10:35:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Capturing migration phenology of terrestrial wildlife using camera traps","docAbstract":"Remote photography, using camera traps, can be an effective and noninvasive tool for capturing the migration phenology of terrestrial wildlife. We deployed 14 digital cameras along a 104-kilometer longitudinal transect to record the spring migrations of caribou (Rangifer tarandus) and ptarmigan (Lagopus spp.) in the Alaskan Arctic. The cameras recorded images at 15-minute intervals, producing approximately 40,000 images, including 6685 caribou observations and 5329 ptarmigan observations. The northward caribou migration was evident because the median caribou observation (i.e., herd median) occurred later with increasing latitude; average caribou migration speed also increased with latitude (r2 = .91). Except at the northernmost latitude, a northward ptarmigan migration was similarly evident (r2 = .93). Future applications of this method could be used to examine the conditions proximate to animal movement, such as habitat or snow cover, that may influence migration phenology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"BioScience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Biological Sciences","doi":"10.1093/biosci/bit018","usgsCitation":"Tape, K., and Gustine, D.D., 2014, Capturing migration phenology of terrestrial wildlife using camera traps: BioScience, v. 64, no. 2, p. 117-124, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/bit018.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"124","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-049159","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473220,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/bit018","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281472,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/bit018"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Brooks Range","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -154.08,66.48 ], [ -154.08,70.93 ], [ -140.76,70.93 ], [ -140.76,66.48 ], [ -154.08,66.48 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5028e4b0b290850f32ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tape, Ken D.","contributorId":103570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tape","given":"Ken D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gustine, David D. dgustine@usgs.gov","contributorId":3776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustine","given":"David","email":"dgustine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70073397,"text":"70073397 - 2014 - Fluorescence-based classification of Caribbean coral reef organisms and substrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-20T09:34:00","indexId":"70073397","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-15T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fluorescence-based classification of Caribbean coral reef organisms and substrates","docAbstract":"A diverse group of coral reef organisms, representing several phyla, possess fluorescent pigments. We investigated the potential of using the characteristic fluorescence emission spectra of these pigments to enable unsupervised, optical classification of coral reef habitats. We compiled a library of characteristic fluorescence spectra through in situ and laboratory measurements from a variety of specimens throughout the Caribbean. Because fluorescent pigments are not species-specific, the spectral library is organized in terms of 15 functional groups. We investigated the spectral separability of the functional groups in terms of the number of wavebands required to distinguish between them, using the similarity measures Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM), Spectral Information Divergence (SID), SID-SAM mixed measure, and Mahalanobis distance. This set of measures represents geometric, stochastic, joint geometric-stochastic, and statistical approaches to classifying spectra. Our hyperspectral fluorescence data were used to generate sets of 4-, 6-, and 8-waveband spectra, including random variations in relative signal amplitude, spectral peak shifts, and water-column attenuation. Each set consisted of 2 different band definitions: ‘optimally-picked’ and ‘evenly-spaced.’ The optimally-picked wavebands were chosen to coincide with as many peaks as possible in the functional group spectra. Reference libraries were formed from half of the spectra in each set and used for training purposes. Average classification accuracies ranged from 76.3% for SAM with 4 evenly-spaced wavebands to 93.8% for Mahalanobis distance with 8 evenly-spaced wavebands. The Mahalanobis distance consistently outperformed the other measures. In a second test, empirically-measured spectra were classified using the same reference libraries and the Mahalanobis distance for just the 8 evenly-spaced waveband case. Average classification accuracies were 84% and 87%, corresponding to the extremes in modeled water-column attenuation. The classification results from both tests indicate that a high degree of separability among the 15 fluorescent-spectra functional groups is possible using only a modest number of spectral bands.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0084570","usgsCitation":"Zawada, D., and Mazel, C.H., 2014, Fluorescence-based classification of Caribbean coral reef organisms and substrates: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 1, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084570.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-040535","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473221,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084570","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281274,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281273,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084570"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5a05e4b0b290850f9113","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zawada, David G. 0000-0003-4547-4878 dzawada@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4547-4878","contributorId":1898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zawada","given":"David G.","email":"dzawada@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mazel, Charles H.","contributorId":84266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazel","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70188812,"text":"70188812 - 2014 - Variable exhumation rates and variable displacement rates: Documenting recent slowing of Himalayan shortening in western Bhutan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-26T09:51:48","indexId":"70188812","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variable exhumation rates and variable displacement rates: Documenting recent slowing of Himalayan shortening in western Bhutan","docAbstract":"

We link exhumational variability in space and time to the evolving geometry of the Himalayan fold–thrust belt in western Bhutan. By combining new and published geochronologic and thermochronologic data we document the burial age, peak temperatures and complete cooling history from 20 Ma to the present over an across-strike distance of ∼125 km. These integrated cooling curves highlight windows of fast exhumation that vary spatially and temporally. We propose that pulses of fast exhumation are a result of structures that facilitate the vertical motion of material, illustrated in sequentially-restored cross sections. Due to a range of permissible geometries at depth, we explore and evaluate the impact of geometry on kinematics and rates of deformation. The linked cooling history and cross sections provide estimates of both magnitude and timing of thrust sheet displacement and highlight temporal variability in potential shortening rates. Structural and chronologic data illustrate a general north to south progression of Himalayan deformation, with emplacement of the Main Central thrust (MCT), Paro thrust and Shumar thrust by 12 to no later than 9 Ma. Two different geometries and kinematic scenarios for the Lesser Himalayan duplex are proposed. A north to south propagating duplex system requires that the southern portion of that system, south of the MCT, deformed and cooled by 9 Ma, leaving only the southernmost thrust sheets, including the Main Boundary and Main Frontal thrusts, to deform between 9 and 0 Ma. This limited post 9 Ma shortening would necessitate a marked slowdown in convergence accommodated on the Main Himalayan thrust. A two-tiered duplex system, which allows for the Paro window duplex and the southern Baxa duplex to form simultaneously, permits duplex formation and accompanying exhumation until 6 Ma. Limited cooling from ∼200 °C to the surface post 6 Ma suggests either a decrease in shortening rates from 6 to 0 Ma or that duplex formation and exhumation are temporally decoupled. Our combined cooling curves highlight that the youngest cooling ages may not mark the fastest thrusting rates or the window of fastest exhumation. Instead, temporal variations in exhumation are best viewed through identifying transients in exhumation rate. We suggest that the strongest control on exhumation magnitude and variability is fold–thrust belt geometry, particularly the locations and magnitudes of footwall ramps, which can change over 10ʼs of km distance. Balanced cross sections predict the location and magnitude of these ramps and how they vary in space and time, providing an untapped potential for testing permissible cross-section geometries and kinematics against measured cooling histories.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.045","usgsCitation":"McQuarrie, N., Tobgay, T., Long, S.P., Reiners, P.W., and Cosca, M.A., 2014, Variable exhumation rates and variable displacement rates: Documenting recent slowing of Himalayan shortening in western Bhutan: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 386, p. 161-174, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.045.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"174","ipdsId":"IP-044622","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342854,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Bhutan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 88.83,\n 27.8\n ],\n [\n 90.085,\n 27.8\n ],\n [\n 90.085,\n 26.67\n ],\n [\n 88.83,\n 26.67\n ],\n [\n 88.83,\n 27.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"386","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59521d26e4b062508e3c36b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McQuarrie, Nadine","contributorId":193432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McQuarrie","given":"Nadine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tobgay, Tobgay","contributorId":193433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tobgay","given":"Tobgay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Long, Sean P.","contributorId":193434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reiners, Peter W.","contributorId":193435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reiners","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cosca, Michael A. 0000-0002-0600-7663 mcosca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-7663","contributorId":1000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosca","given":"Michael","email":"mcosca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70048443,"text":"70048443 - 2014 - Tritium plume dynamics in the shallow unsaturated zone in an arid environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T19:24:08","indexId":"70048443","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-14T15:16:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tritium plume dynamics in the shallow unsaturated zone in an arid environment","docAbstract":"

The spatiotemporal variability of a tritium plume in the shallow unsaturated zone and the mechanisms controlling its transport were evaluated during a 10-yr study. Plume movement was minimal and its mass declined by 68%. Upward-directed diffusive-vapor tritium fluxes and radioactive decay accounted for most of the observed plume-mass declines.

Effective isolation of tritium (3H) and other contaminants at waste-burial facilities requires improved understanding of transport processes and pathways. Previous studies documented an anomalously widespread (i.e., theoretically unexpected) distribution of 3H (>400 m from burial trenches) in a dry, sub-root-zone gravelly layer (1–2-m depth) adjacent to a low-level radioactive waste (LLRW) burial facility in the Amargosa Desert, Nevada, that closed in 1992. The objectives of this study were to: (i) characterize long-term, spatiotemporal variability of 3H plumes; and (ii) quantify the processes controlling 3H behavior in the sub-root-zone gravelly layer beneath native vegetation adjacent to the facility. Geostatistical methods, spatial moment analyses, and mass flux calculations were applied to a spatiotemporally comprehensive, 10-yr data set (2001–2011). Results showed minimal bulk-plume advancement during the study period and limited Fickian spreading of mass. Observed spreading rates were generally consistent with theoretical vapor-phase dispersion. The plume mass diminished more rapidly than would be expected from radioactive decay alone, indicating net efflux from the plume. Estimates of upward 3H efflux via diffusive-vapor movement were >10× greater than by dispersive-vapor or total-liquid movement. Total vertical fluxes were >20× greater than lateral diffusive-vapor fluxes, highlighting the importance of upward migration toward the land surface. Mass-balance calculations showed that radioactive decay and upward diffusive-vapor fluxes contributed the majority of plume loss. Results indicate that plume losses substantially exceeded any continuing 3H contribution to the plume from the LLRW facility during 2001 to 2011 and suggest that the widespread 3H distribution resulted from transport before 2001.

","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society of America","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI","doi":"10.2136/vzj2013.05.0080","usgsCitation":"Maples, S., Andraski, B.J., Stonestrom, D.A., Cooper, C., Pohll, G., and Michel, R.L., 2014, Tritium plume dynamics in the shallow unsaturated zone in an arid environment: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 12, no. 4, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.05.0080.","productDescription":"15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-042454","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473222,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.05.0080","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281051,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.1093,35.9276 ], [ -117.1093,37.0185 ], [ -115.8597,37.0185 ], [ -115.8597,35.9276 ], [ -117.1093,35.9276 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d65d7ce4b0b566e996b367","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maples, S.R.","contributorId":64556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maples","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andraski, Brian J. 0000-0002-2086-0417 andraski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2086-0417","contributorId":168800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andraski","given":"Brian","email":"andraski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cooper, C.A.","contributorId":67316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pohll, G.","contributorId":25362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pohll","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Michel, R. L.","contributorId":86375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michel","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70048953,"text":"sir20135125 - 2014 - Evaluation of toxicity to the amphipod, Hyalella azteca, and to the midge, Chironomus dilutus; and bioaccumulation by the oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus, with exposure to PCB-contaminated sediments from Anniston, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-21T08:32:17","indexId":"sir20135125","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-14T14:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5125","title":"Evaluation of toxicity to the amphipod, Hyalella azteca, and to the midge, Chironomus dilutus; and bioaccumulation by the oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus, with exposure to PCB-contaminated sediments from Anniston, Alabama","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) requested that as part of the remedial investigation for the Anniston, Alabama Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Site (Anniston PCB Site), that Pharmacia Corporation and Solutia Inc. (P/S) perform long-term reproduction toxicity tests with the amphipod, Hyalella azteca, and the midge, Chironomus dilutus, and bioaccumulation tests with the oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus, using sediment samples collected from reference locations and from Operable Unit 4 of the Anniston PCB Site. The sediment toxicity testing and sediment bioaccumulation results will be used by ARCADIS U.S., Inc. (ARCADIS) as part of a weight-of-evidence assessment to evaluate risks and establish sediment remediation goals for contaminants to sediment-dwelling organisms inhabiting the Anniston PCB Site.

\n
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The goal of this study was to characterize relations between sediment chemistry and sediment toxicity and relations between sediment chemistry and sediment bioaccumulation in samples of sediments collected from the Anniston PCB Site. A total of 32 samples were evaluated from six test sites and one reference site to provide a wide range in concentrations of chemicals of potential concern (COPCs) including PCBs in samples of whole sediment. The goal of this study was not to determine the extent of sediment contamination across the Anniston PCB Site. Hence, the test sites or samples collected from within a test site were not selected to represent the spatial extent of sediment contamination across the Anniston PCB Site. Sediment chemistry, pore-water chemistry, and sediment toxicity data were generated for 26 sediment samples from the Anniston PCB Site. All of the samples were evaluated to determine if they qualified as reference sediment samples. Those samples that met the chemical selection criteria and biological selection criteria were identified as reference samples and used to develop the reference envelope for each toxicity test endpoint.

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Physical characterization of samples of whole sediment included analyses of grain size, TOC, and nutrients. Organic chemical characterization of samples of whole sediment included PCB homologs and select (13) PCB congeners, parent and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides, and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins; and dibenzofurans. The PCB aroclors analyzed included 1016, 1221, 1232, 1242, 1248, 1254, 1260, 1262 and 1268. Analyses of whole sediment also included total metals, simultaneously extracted metals, and acid volatile sulfide. Chemical characterization of samples of pore water isolated from samples of whole sediment at the start of the sediment toxicity exposures or at the start of the sediment bioaccumulation exposures included metals, major cations, major anions, dissolved organic carbon, and additional water-quality characteristics. Concentrations of metals or PCBs in pore water during the sediment toxicity exposures or during sediment bioaccumulation exposures also were determined using peeper samples (for metals) or solid-phase microextraction (SPME) samplers (for PCBs).

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The bioavailability and bioaccumulation of PCBs in 14 sediment samples were investigated using SPME passive samplers and the 28-d L. variegatus whole-sediment bioaccumulation exposures In general the accumulation of PCBs consistently was predicted through the use of organic carbon normalization and equilibrium partitioning. In these sediments, PCB homologs were accumulated differently based on bioavailability and potential to accumulate in oligochaetes. As part of this assessment homolog specific biota sediment accumulation factor values were developed that could be applied across the larger site to predict tissue levels of PCBs.

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The whole-sediment toxicity tests done with H. azteca and C. dilutus met the established ASTM and USEPA test acceptability criteria. The most responsive H. azteca endpoints were day 42 survival normalized young per female and day 28 biomass and that the most responsive C. dilutus endpoints were adult biomass and percent adult emergence. Overall, between the two species, the most responsive endpoint assessed for these two species was H. azteca survival-normalized young per female (67 percent of the samples classified as toxic).

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Concentration-response models (CRMs) and site-specific sediment toxicity thresholds (TTs) were generated with matching sediment chemistry and sediment toxicity data. Sediment chemistry, pore-water chemistry, and sediment toxicity data were evaluated for as many as 26 sediment samples from the Anniston PCB Site. The reference-envelope approach was used to identify the sediment samples that were toxic to benthic invertebrates. This procedure involved identification of reference sediment samples, normalizing the toxicity data to reflect control responses, developing a reference envelope for each toxicity test endpoint, and designating each sediment sample as toxic or not toxic for each toxicity test endpoint, for each species, and for all species combined. These results demonstrated percent emergence of adult C. dilutus, biomass of adult C. dilutus, and reproduction of H. azteca normalized to percent survival were among the most responsive endpoints that were evaluated. Therefore, these endpoints were selected for CRM development.

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\n

The site-specific TTs for whole sediment provide a reliable basis for identifying toxic and not toxic sediment samples in the Anniston PCB Site (that is, for correctly classifying the sediment samples used to derive the TTs as toxic or not toxic, for the endpoint used to derive the TTs). Among the 69 TTs for sediment, the TTLRs for total PCB homologs [499 to 1,870 micrograms per kilogram dry weight (μg/kg DW)] and for lead [(9.48 to 10.3 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) DW] based on reproduction of H. azteca or based on emergence or biomass of adult C. dilutus, were the most reliable. Such TTs had low rates of false negative errors (that is, only 0 to 11 percent of the samples below the TT were toxic to benthic invertebrates), low rates of false positive errors (only 0 to 6 percent of the samples greater than the TT were not toxic to benthic invertebrates), and high rates of correct classification (that is, 92 to 96 percent).

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The site-specific TTs for PCBs and other COPCs derived in this study also were compared to empirically based sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), to equilibrium-partitioning based SQGs, and to the results of spiked-sediment toxicity tests. The results of this evaluation indicated that the site-specific sediment TTs for PCBs were comparable to the consensus-based SQGs that were derived for PCBs. In addition, the site-specific sediment TTs for PCBs are well within the range of SQGs derived using the equilibrium partitioning approach. The site-specific sediment TTs for PCBs also are consistent with the results of chronic TTs that have been estimated for benthic invertebrates using the results of spiked-sediment toxicity tests. As the site-specific sediment TTs for PCBs are consistent with empirically based SQGs, equilibrium-partitioning based SQGs, and results of sediment-spiking studies, these site- specific sediment TTs likely represent the concentrations of PCBs that are sufficient to cause toxicity to benthic invertebrates (as opposed to simply being correlated with adverse effects on the survival, weight, or reproduction of benthic invertebrates). Importantly, such site-specific sediment TTs have been demonstrated to accurately classify sediment samples as toxic or not toxic to benthic invertebrates at the Anniston PCB Site. In contrast, the TTs for metals, PAHs, and organochlorine pesticides were generally lower than consensus-based SQGs (that is, probable effect concentrations), and LC50s (median lethal effect concentrations) generated in spiked-sediment toxicity tests, indicating that these COPCs are likely not the main contributors to the observed toxicity of the site sediments evaluated in this study. The reproduction endpoint for H. azteca provided lower TTs compared to the day 28 biomass endpoint for H. azteca and the emergence or biomass endpoints for adult C. dilutus provided lower TTs compared to the day 13 biomass endpoint for C. dilutus.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135125","issn":"2328-0328","usgsCitation":"Ingersoll, C.G., Steevens, J., MacDonald, D., Brumbaugh, W.G., Coady, M.R., Farrar, J.D., Lotufo, G.R., Kemble, N.E., Kunz, J.L., Stanley, J.K., and Sinclair, J., 2014, Evaluation of toxicity to the amphipod, Hyalella azteca, and to the midge, Chironomus dilutus; and bioaccumulation by the oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus, with exposure to PCB-contaminated sediments from Anniston, Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5125, Report: ix, 122 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135125.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 122 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"136","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-036311","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281049,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135125.jpg"},{"id":281046,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5125/"},{"id":281048,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5125/downloads/"},{"id":281047,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5125/pdf/sir2013-5125.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","city":"Anniston","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85.931236,33.599966 ], [ -85.931236,33.750917 ], [ -85.755367,33.750917 ], [ -85.755367,33.599966 ], [ -85.931236,33.599966 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d65d72e4b0b566e996b34b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509632,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steevens, Jeffery A. 0000-0003-3946-1229","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3946-1229","contributorId":65415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steevens","given":"Jeffery A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509634,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacDonald, Donald D.","contributorId":49911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacDonald","given":"Donald D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509633,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steevens, Jeffery A. 0000-0003-3946-1229","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3946-1229","contributorId":65415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steevens","given":"Jeffery A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacDonald, Donald D.","contributorId":49911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacDonald","given":"Donald D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coady, Matthew R.","contributorId":36055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coady","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Farrar, J. Daniel","contributorId":18272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lotufo, Guilherme R.","contributorId":64564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lotufo","given":"Guilherme","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kemble, Nile E. 0000-0002-3608-0538 nkemble@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3608-0538","contributorId":2626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemble","given":"Nile","email":"nkemble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kunz, James L. 0000-0002-1027-158X jkunz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1027-158X","contributorId":3309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"James","email":"jkunz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stanley, Jacob K.","contributorId":96590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sinclair, Jesse A.","contributorId":66967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinclair","given":"Jesse A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70071870,"text":"70071870 - 2014 - Parameter estimation for the 4-parameter Asymmetric Exponential Power distribution by the method of L-moments using R","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-14T14:20:36","indexId":"70071870","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-14T14:18:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1309,"text":"Computational Statistics and Data Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parameter estimation for the 4-parameter Asymmetric Exponential Power distribution by the method of L-moments using R","docAbstract":"The implementation characteristics of two method of L-moments (MLM) algorithms for parameter estimation of the 4-parameter Asymmetric Exponential Power (AEP4) distribution are studied using the R environment for statistical computing. The objective is to validate the algorithms for general application of the AEP4 using R. An algorithm was introduced in the original study of the L-moments for the AEP4. A second or alternative algorithm is shown to have a larger L-moment-parameter domain than the original. The alternative algorithm is shown to provide reliable parameter production and recovery of L-moments from fitted parameters. A proposal is made for AEP4 implementation in conjunction with the 4-parameter Kappa distribution to create a mixed-distribution framework encompassing the joint L-skew and L-kurtosis domains. The example application provides a demonstration of pertinent algorithms with L-moment statistics and two 4-parameter distributions (AEP4 and the Generalized Lambda) for MLM fitting to a modestly asymmetric and heavy-tailed dataset using R.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computational Statistics and Data Analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.csda.2012.12.013","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., 2014, Parameter estimation for the 4-parameter Asymmetric Exponential Power distribution by the method of L-moments using R: Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, v. 71, p. 955-970, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2012.12.013.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"955","endPage":"970","ipdsId":"IP-040542","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281037,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280982,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2012.12.013"}],"volume":"71","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d65d79e4b0b566e996b35b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047398,"text":"70047398 - 2014 - Historic changes in fish assemblage structure in midwestern nonwadeable rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-14T14:24:46","indexId":"70047398","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-14T14:16:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Historic changes in fish assemblage structure in midwestern nonwadeable rivers","docAbstract":"Historical change in fish assemblage structure was evaluated in the mainstems of the Des Moines, Iowa, Cedar, Wapsipinicon, and Maquoketa rivers, in Iowa. Fish occurrence data were compared in each river between historical and recent time periods to characterize temporal changes among 126 species distributions and assess spatiotemporal patterns in faunal similarity. A resampling procedure was used to estimate species occurrences in rivers during each assessment period and changes in species occurrence were summarized. Spatiotemporal shifts in species composition were analyzed at the river and river section scale using cluster analysis, pairwise Jaccard's dissimilarities, and analysis of multivariate beta dispersion. The majority of species exhibited either increases or declines in distribution in all rivers with the exception of several “unknown” or inconclusive trends exhibited by species in the Maquoketa River. Cluster analysis identified temporal patterns of similarity among fish assemblages in the Des Moines, Cedar, and Iowa rivers within the historical and recent assessment period indicating a significant change in species composition. Prominent declines of backwater species with phytophilic spawning strategies contributed to assemblage changes occurring across river systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Midland Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-171.1.27","usgsCitation":"Parks, T.P., Quist, M.C., and Pierce, C.L., 2014, Historic changes in fish assemblage structure in midwestern nonwadeable rivers: American Midland Naturalist, v. 171, no. 1, p. 27-53, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-171.1.27.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"53","numberOfPages":"27","ipdsId":"IP-043222","costCenters":[{"id":342,"text":"Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/127","text":"External Repository"},{"id":281039,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281038,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-171.1.27"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Cedar River;Des Moines River;Iowa River;Maquoketa River;Wapsipinicon River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.8488,40.3754 ], [ -94.8488,43.5012 ], [ -90.1426,43.5012 ], [ -90.1426,40.3754 ], [ -94.8488,40.3754 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"171","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d65d74e4b0b566e996b34f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parks, Timothy P.","contributorId":11947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parks","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. mquist@usgs.gov","contributorId":4042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":350,"text":"Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pierce, Clay L. cpierce@usgs.gov","contributorId":525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Clay","email":"cpierce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":350,"text":"Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70071871,"text":"70071871 - 2014 - Regression models of discharge and mean velocity associated with near-median streamflow conditions in Texas: utility of the U.S. Geological Survey discharge measurement database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-14T14:16:00","indexId":"70071871","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-14T14:04:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2341,"text":"Journal of Hydrologic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regression models of discharge and mean velocity associated with near-median streamflow conditions in Texas: utility of the U.S. Geological Survey discharge measurement database","docAbstract":"A database containing more than 16,300 discharge values and ancillary hydraulic attributes was assembled from summaries of discharge measurement records for 391 USGS streamflow-gauging stations (streamgauges) in Texas. Each discharge is between the 40th- and 60th-percentile daily mean streamflow as determined by period-of-record, streamgauge-specific, flow-duration curves. Each discharge therefore is assumed to represent a discharge measurement made for near-median streamflow conditions, and such conditions are conceptualized as representative of midrange to baseflow conditions in much of the state. The hydraulic attributes of each discharge measurement included concomitant cross-section flow area, water-surface top width, and reported mean velocity. Two regression equations are presented: (1) an expression for discharge and (2) an expression for mean velocity, both as functions of selected hydraulic attributes and watershed characteristics. Specifically, the discharge equation uses cross-sectional area, water-surface top width, contributing drainage area of the watershed, and mean annual precipitation of the location; the equation has an adjusted R-squared of approximately 0.95 and residual standard error of approximately 0.23 base-10 logarithm (cubic meters per second). The mean velocity equation uses discharge, water-surface top width, contributing drainage area, and mean annual precipitation; the equation has an adjusted R-squared of approximately 0.50 and residual standard error of approximately 0.087 third root (meters per second). Residual plots from both equations indicate that reliable estimates of discharge and mean velocity at ungauged stream sites are possible. Further, the relation between contributing drainage area and main-channel slope (a measure of whole-watershed slope) is depicted to aid analyst judgment of equation applicability for ungauged sites. Example applications and computations are provided and discussed within a real-world, discharge-measurement scenario, and an illustration of the development of a preliminary stage-discharge relation using the discharge equation is given.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrologic Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000715","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., 2014, Regression models of discharge and mean velocity associated with near-median streamflow conditions in Texas: utility of the U.S. Geological Survey discharge measurement database: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, v. 19, no. 1, p. 108-122, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000715.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"108","endPage":"122","ipdsId":"IP-040546","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281036,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281034,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000715"},{"id":281035,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29HE.1943-5584.0000715"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -102.69,28.17 ], [ -102.69,36.50 ], [ -93.52,36.50 ], [ -93.52,28.17 ], [ -102.69,28.17 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d65d7ae4b0b566e996b35f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}