This report presents a global dataset of site-specific surface-displacement data on faults. We have compiled estimates of successive displacements attributed to individual earthquakes, mainly paleoearthquakes, at sites where two or more events have been documented, as a basis for analyzing inter-event variability in surface displacement on continental faults.
\nAn earlier version of this composite dataset was used in a recent study relating the variability of surface displacement at a point to the magnitude-frequency distribution of earthquakes on faults, and to hazard from fault rupture (Hecker and others, 2013). The purpose of this follow-on report is to provide potential data users with an updated comprehensive dataset, largely complete through 2010 for studies in English-language publications, as well as in some unpublished reports and abstract volumes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131305","usgsCitation":"Hecker, S., Sickler, R., Feigelson, L., Abrahamson, N., Hassett, W., Rosa, C., and Sanquini, A., 2014, Global surface displacement data for assessing variability of displacement at a point on a fault: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1305, Report: iv, 28 p.; Table 1, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131305.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 28 p.; Table 1","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049003","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":379,"text":"Menlo Park Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280824,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131305.PNG"},{"id":280822,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1305/pdf/ofr2013-1305.pdf"},{"id":280823,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1305/downloads/ofr2013-1305_Table1.xlsx"},{"id":280821,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1305/"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d11766e4b072eb3e0c4b7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hecker, Suzanne 0000-0002-5054-372X shecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-372X","contributorId":3553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hecker","given":"Suzanne","email":"shecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sickler, Robert","contributorId":89653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sickler","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feigelson, Leah","contributorId":105636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feigelson","given":"Leah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Abrahamson, Norman","contributorId":66990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abrahamson","given":"Norman","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hassett, Will","contributorId":100279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hassett","given":"Will","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosa, Carla","contributorId":27780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosa","given":"Carla","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sanquini, Ann","contributorId":65374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanquini","given":"Ann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70068633,"text":"ofr20131289 - 2014 - Three-dimensional ground-motion simulations of earthquakes for the Hanford area, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T14:12:36","indexId":"ofr20131289","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-10T14:51:03","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1289","title":"Three-dimensional ground-motion simulations of earthquakes for the Hanford area, Washington","docAbstract":"This report describes the results of ground-motion simulations of earthquakes using three-dimensional (3D) and one-dimensional (1D) crustal models conducted for the probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) of the Hanford facility, Washington, under the Senior Seismic Hazard Analysis Committee (SSHAC) guidelines. The first portion of this report demonstrates that the 3D seismic velocity model for the area produces synthetic seismograms with characteristics (spectral response values, duration) that better match those of the observed recordings of local earthquakes, compared to a 1D model with horizontal layers. The second part of the report compares the response spectra of synthetics from 3D and 1D models for moment magnitude (M) 6.6–6.8 earthquakes on three nearby faults and for a dipping plane wave source meant to approximate regional S-waves from a Cascadia great earthquake. The 1D models are specific to each site used for the PSHA. The use of the 3D model produces spectral response accelerations at periods of 0.5–2.0 seconds as much as a factor of 4.5 greater than those from the 1D models for the crustal fault sources. The spectral accelerations of the 3D synthetics for the Cascadia plane-wave source are as much as a factor of 9 greater than those from the 1D models. The differences between the spectral accelerations for the 3D and 1D models are most pronounced for sites with thicker supra-basalt sediments and for stations with earthquakes on the Rattlesnake Hills fault and for the Cascadia plane-wave source.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131289","usgsCitation":"Frankel, A., Thorne, P., and Rohay, A., 2014, Three-dimensional ground-motion simulations of earthquakes for the Hanford area, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1289, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131289.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052201","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131289.PNG"},{"id":280819,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1289/pdf/ofr2013-1289.pdf"},{"id":280818,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1289/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Hanford Facility","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.4078,46.5637 ], [ -119.4078,46.6037 ], [ -119.3677,46.6037 ], [ -119.3677,46.5637 ], [ -119.4078,46.5637 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d1176ae4b072eb3e0c4b88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frankel, Arthur","contributorId":103761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thorne, Paul","contributorId":13131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorne","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rohay, Alan","contributorId":58934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohay","given":"Alan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70059781,"text":"ofr20131308 - 2014 - Response of Global Navigation Satellite System receivers to known shaking between 0.2 and 20 Hertz","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-29T15:22:23","indexId":"ofr20131308","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-10T08:12:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1308","title":"Response of Global Navigation Satellite System receivers to known shaking between 0.2 and 20 Hertz","docAbstract":"Over the past decade, several technological advances have allowed Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receivers to have the capability to record displacements at high frequencies, with sampling rates approaching 100 samples per second (sps). In addition, communication and computer hardware and software have allowed various institutions, including the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), to retrieve, process, and display position changes recorded by a network of GNSS sites with small, less than 1-s delays between the time that the GNSS receiver records signals from a constellation of satellites and the time that the position is estimated (a method known as “real-time”). These improvements in hardware and software have allowed the USGS to process GNSS (or a subset of the GNSS, the Global Positioning System, GPS) data in real-time at 1 sps with the goal of determining displacements from earthquakes and volcanoes in real-time. However, the current set of GNSS equipment can record at rates of 100 sps, which allows the possibility of using this equipment to record earthquake displacements over the full range of frequencies that typically are recorded by acceleration and velocity transducers. The advantage of using GNSS to record earthquakes is that the displacement, rather than acceleration or velocity, is recorded, and for large earthquakes, the GNSS sensor stays on scale and will not distort the observations due to clipping of the signal at its highest amplitude. The direct observation of displacement is advantageous in estimating the size and spatial extent of the earthquake rupture. Otherwise, when using velocity or acceleration sensors, the displacements are determined by numerical integration of the observations, which can introduce significant uncertainty in the estimated displacements. However, GNSS technology can, at best, resolve displacements of a few millimeters, and for most earthquakes, their displacements are less than 1 mm. Consequently, to be useful, GNSS data are only relevant for the large earthquakes with magnitudes (M) exceeding M5.5 at best.
\nWith the capability to record GNSS data at high-rate, at sampling rates typical for seismological applications, experiments are needed to quantify the response of GNSS to shaking from earthquakes. There have been a few studies that examine the response of GNSS to strong shaking. One of the first was Elosegui and others (2006), where they simulated surface waves from a distant earthquake and mechanically applied the shaking to a GPS antenna. They processed the 1 sps observations and compared the estimated displacements with the simulated displacements. They determined that the GPS could accurately track the simulated surface wave whose primary frequency spans from 0.01 to 0.1 Hertz (Hz), which spanned the frequency band of the simulation.
\nTo test GNSS equipment due to shaking from a large earthquake in the near-field, Wang and others (2012) used a mechanical simulator or shake table with 6 degrees of freedom and studied two different inputs to the simulator—(1) the accelerometer record from one station that was located near the 2010 M8.8 Maule, Chile earthquake, and (2) a 2-Hz sinusoid. Wang and others (2012) analyzed the 2-Hz data with spectral analysis and determined that the displacements observed by the GPS included higher harmonics along with the 2-Hz signal. In addition, the background spectral amplitude was greater during periods of 2-Hz shaking than when at rest. With the simulated M 8.8 earthquake, Wang and others (2012) observed decreased signal to noise for L1 and L2 carrier frequencies of the GPS signal, at times corresponding to high acceleration and jerk (first derivative of acceleration).
\nOne of the principal limitations of these experiments was that the displacements of the shake table itself could not be measured independently. Although with the 2-Hz sinusoidal measurements, the input displacements were purely translational, Wang and others (2012) analysis of the data showed that the shake table also included rotational motions which affect horizontal inertial sensors like accelerometers and seismometers at first order.
\nMore recently, Ebinuma and Kato (2012) used a GPS simulator to electronically test several GNSS receivers and obtain the receiver characteristics at three frequencies: 1, 2, and 5 Hz. The results showed that the amplitude of 5-Hz displacements recorded by the GPS was, depending on the receiver model, between 30 and 125 percent more than the displacement input to the simulator. At low frequencies, the GPS displacement was nearly equal to the input displacement. In addition, Ebinuma and Kato (2012) examined how each receiver model amplified an earthquake displacement record in the 2–8 Hz band. The simulated earthquake was the 2008 moment magnitude (Mw) 6.8 Iwate-Miyagi earthquake where, for the simulated record, acceleration peaked at 1 G.
\nThe study discussed here builds on the tests by Ebinuma and Kato (2012), but rather than using electronic simulation, the tests are setup outdoors and closer to actual field installations of GNSS equipment. We used a one-dimensional shake table capable of 400 mm of displacement and high acceleration; the shake table also is constrained by a precision linear slider to have very low tilt that would affect inertial sensors. In addition, the stage position can be accurately monitored independent of the GNSS hardware and, importantly, provides a reference to compare with the estimated displacements from the GNSS data. Our tests spanned a greater frequency range from 0.2 to 20 Hz and we used equipment from three different manufacturers covering five different combinations of receivers and antennas. In addition, we have been able to simulate the frequency response of the GNSS equipment using a simple, causal filter. The quality of the filter was tested using additional test data where a step function in displacement was applied to the shake table. The observed displacements from the GNSS data show an overshoot in displacement at the time of the step or transition of the stage. That overshoot was accurately predicted using the filter design derived from our sinusoidal displacement tests.
\nSimilar to Wang and others (2012), we also examined the GPS displacement records using standard spectral techniques. However, we extended their work by evaluating several models of GNSS receivers using a variety of input frequencies. Because our shake table was limited on acceleration and displacement, we did not attempt to duplicate the high shaking associated with high magnitude earthquakes. However, because our shake table could measure the table displacement, we could directly compare the measured GPS displacements with the true displacements.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131308","usgsCitation":"Langbein, J.O., Evans, J.R., Blume, F., and Johanson, I., 2014, Response of Global Navigation Satellite System receivers to known shaking between 0.2 and 20 Hertz: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1308, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131308.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049015","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":379,"text":"Menlo Park Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131308.PNG"},{"id":280801,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1308/"},{"id":280803,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1308/pdf/ofr2013-1308.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d11769e4b072eb3e0c4b81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langbein, John O.","contributorId":72438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"John","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, John R. jrevans@usgs.gov","contributorId":529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"John","email":"jrevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blume, Fredrick","contributorId":100283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blume","given":"Fredrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johanson, Ingrid","contributorId":54880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johanson","given":"Ingrid","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70061359,"text":"ofr20131307 - 2014 - Rock-Eval pyrolysis and vitrinite reflectance results from the Sheep Creek 1 well, Susitna basin, south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-09T14:28:48.942089","indexId":"ofr20131307","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-09T11:03:32","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1307","title":"Rock-Eval pyrolysis and vitrinite reflectance results from the Sheep Creek 1 well, Susitna basin, south-central Alaska","docAbstract":"We used Rock-Eval pyrolysis and vitrinite reflectance to examine the petroleum source potential of rock samples from the Sheep Creek 1 well in the Susitna basin of south-central Alaska. The results show that Miocene nonmarine coal, carbonaceous shale, and mudstone are potential sources of hydrocarbons and are thermally immature with respect to the oil window. In the samples that we studied, coals are more organic-rich and more oil-prone than carbonaceous shales and silty mudstones, which appear to be potential sources of natural gas. Lithologically similar rocks may be present in the deeper parts of the subsurface Susitna basin located west of the Sheep Creek 1 well, where they may have been buried deeply enough to generate oil and (or) gas. The Susitna basin is sparsely drilled and mostly unexplored, and no commercial production of hydrocarbons has been obtained. However, the existence of potential source rocks of oil and gas, as shown by our Rock-Eval results, suggests that undiscovered petroleum accumulations may be present in the Susitna basin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131307","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Alaska Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Stanley, R.G., Lillis, P.G., Pawlewicz, M.J., and Haeussler, P.J., 2014, Rock-Eval pyrolysis and vitrinite reflectance results from the Sheep Creek 1 well, Susitna basin, south-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1307, Report: iv, 12 p.; 1 Table, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131307.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 12 p.; 1 Table","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-051756","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280795,"rank":1,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1307/downloads/ofr2013-1307_Table1.xls"},{"id":280794,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1307/pdf/ofr2013-1307.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":280793,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1307/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":417498,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_99488.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":280796,"rank":4,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131307.PNG"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Susitna Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.61692547325674,\n 62.539075707687175\n ],\n [\n -151.61692547325674,\n 61.300458966719304\n ],\n [\n -149.26001791496597,\n 61.300458966719304\n ],\n [\n -149.26001791496597,\n 62.539075707687175\n ],\n [\n -151.61692547325674,\n 62.539075707687175\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cfc566e4b07de2a9490b64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lillis, Paul G. 0000-0002-7508-1699 plillis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":1817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"Paul","email":"plillis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pawlewicz, Mark J. pawlewicz@usgs.gov","contributorId":752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlewicz","given":"Mark","email":"pawlewicz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70058705,"text":"sir20135231 - 2014 - Geochemical investigation of the hydrothermal system on Akutan Island, Alaska, July 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T13:51:26","indexId":"sir20135231","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-09T10:42:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5231","title":"Geochemical investigation of the hydrothermal system on Akutan Island, Alaska, July 2012","docAbstract":"We have studied the geochemistry of the hot springs on Akutan Island in detail for the first time since the early 1980s. Springs in four discrete groups (A-D) along Hot Springs Creek showed generally higher temperatures and substantially higher Na, Ca, and Cl concentrations than previously reported, and total hot-spring discharge has also increased markedly. The springs now account for a heat output of ~29 MW, about an order of magnitude more than in 1981. Gas samples from the hot springs and from a fumarolic area on the flank of Akutan Volcano show high 3He/4He ratios (>6.4 RA) after correction for air contamination and reveal a common magmatic heat source. Hot-spring gases are unusually rich in N2, Ar, and CH4, suggesting that the water has boiled and lost CO2 during upflow beneath the flank fumarole field. Gas geothermometry calculations applied to the flank fumarole field implies temperatures of 200–240 °C for the reservoir, and Na-K-Ca geothermometry implies temperatures near 180 °C for the outflow waters that feed the hot springs. The results of our study confirm the existence of a substantial geothermal resource on the island.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135231","usgsCitation":"Bergfeld, D., Lewicki, J.L., Evans, W.C., Hunt, A.G., Revesz, K., and Huebner, M., 2014, Geochemical investigation of the hydrothermal system on Akutan Island, Alaska, July 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5231, v, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135231.","productDescription":"v, 19 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049254","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":619,"text":"Volcano Science Center-Menlo Park","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280792,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135231.jpg"},{"id":280790,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5231/"},{"id":280791,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5231/pdf/sir2013-5231.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Akutan Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -166.0067,54.099921 ], [ -166.0067,54.168981 ], [ -165.760835,54.168981 ], [ -165.760835,54.099921 ], [ -166.0067,54.099921 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cfc565e4b07de2a9490b56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergfeld, D. dbergfel@usgs.gov","contributorId":2069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergfeld","given":"D.","email":"dbergfel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewicki, Jennifer L. 0000-0003-1994-9104 jlewicki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-9104","contributorId":5071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewicki","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlewicki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":1582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Revesz, Kinga","contributorId":64285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Revesz","given":"Kinga","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Huebner, Mark mhuebner@usgs.gov","contributorId":4349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huebner","given":"Mark","email":"mhuebner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70057602,"text":"sir20135121 - 2014 - In-situ sediment oxygen demand rates in Hammonton Creek, Hammonton, New Jersey, and Crosswicks Creek, near New Egypt, New Jersey, August-October 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-09T09:23:32","indexId":"sir20135121","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-09T09:05:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5121","title":"In-situ sediment oxygen demand rates in Hammonton Creek, Hammonton, New Jersey, and Crosswicks Creek, near New Egypt, New Jersey, August-October 2009","docAbstract":"Sediment oxygen demand rates were measured in Hammonton Creek, Hammonton, New Jersey, and Crosswicks Creek, near New Egypt, New Jersey, during August through October 2009. These rates were measured as part of an ongoing water-quality monitoring program being conducted in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. Oxygen depletion rates were measured using in-situ test chambers and a non-consumptive optical electrode sensing technique for measuring dissolved oxygen concentrations. Sediment oxygen demand rates were calculated on the basis of these field measured oxygen depletion rates and the temperature of the stream water at each site.
\nHammonton Creek originates at an impoundment, then flows through pine forest and agricultural fields, and receives discharge from a sewage-treatment plant. The streambed is predominantly sand and fine gravel with isolated pockets of organic-rich detritus. Sediment oxygen demand rates were calculated at four sites on Hammonton Creek and were found to range from -0.3 to -5.1 grams per square meter per day (g/m2/d), adjusted to 20 degrees Celsius. When deployed in pairs, the chambers produced similar values, indicating that the method was working as expected and yielding reproducible results. At one site where the chamber was deployed for more than 12 hours, dissolved oxygen was consumed linearly over the entire test period.
\nCrosswicks Creek originates in a marshy woodland area and then flows through woodlots and pastures. The streambed is predominantly silt and clay with some bedrock exposures. Oxygen depletion rates were measured at three sites within the main channel of the creek, and the calculated sediment oxygen demand rates ranged from -0.33 to -2.5 g/m2/d, adjusted to 20 degrees Celsius. At one of these sites sediment oxygen demand was measured in both a center channel flowing area of a pond in the stream and in a stagnant non-flowing area along the shore of the pond where organic-rich bottom sediments had accumulated and lower dissolved oxygen concentration conditions existed in the water column. Dissolved oxygen concentrations in the center channel test chamber showed a constant slow decrease over the entire test period. Oxygen consumption in the test chamber at the near-shore location began rapidly and then slowed over time as oxygen became depleted in the chamber. Depending on the portion of the near-shore dissolved oxygen depletion curve used, calculated sediment oxygen demand rates ranged from as low as -0.03 g/m2/d to as high as -10 g/m2/d. The wide range of sediment oxygen demand rates indicates that care must be taken when extrapolating sediment oxygen demand rates between stream sites that have different bottom sediment types and different flow regimes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135121","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Wilson, T.P., 2014, In-situ sediment oxygen demand rates in Hammonton Creek, Hammonton, New Jersey, and Crosswicks Creek, near New Egypt, New Jersey, August-October 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5121, vi, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135121.","productDescription":"vi, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2009-08-01","temporalEnd":"2009-10-31","ipdsId":"IP-023293","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280788,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135121.jpg"},{"id":280786,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5121/"},{"id":280787,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5121/pdf/sir2013-5121.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","city":"Hammonton;New Egypt","otherGeospatial":"Crosswicks Creek;Hammonton Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.749603,40.029849 ], [ -74.749603,40.210605 ], [ -74.410057,40.210605 ], [ -74.410057,40.029849 ], [ -74.749603,40.029849 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cfc566e4b07de2a9490b5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Timothy P. 0000-0003-1914-6344 tpwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1914-6344","contributorId":3752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Timothy","email":"tpwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70067810,"text":"70067810 - 2014 - Graptemys pulchra Baur 1893: Alabama Map Turtle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-09T08:38:45","indexId":"70067810","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-09T08:28:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Graptemys pulchra Baur 1893: Alabama Map Turtle","docAbstract":"The Alabama Map Turtle, Graptemys pulchra (Family Emydidae), is a moderately large riverine species endemic to the Mobile Bay drainage system of Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi. Sexual size dimorphism is pronounced, with adult females (carapace length [CL] to 273 mm) attaining more than twice the size of adult males (CL to 117 mm). The species is an inhabitant of relatively large, swift creeks and rivers, often with wide sandbars. Stream sections open to the sun and with abundant basking sites in the form of logs and brush are preferred. Six to seven clutches of 4–7 eggs are laid each year on river sandbars. Although the species is locally abundant, populations are threatened by habitat destruction, declines in their prey base, commercial collection, and vandalism. It is listed as a Species of Special Concern in Alabama.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation biology of freshwater turtles and tortoises: a compilation project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Chelonian Research Foundation","doi":"10.3854/crm.5.072.pulchra.v1.2014","usgsCitation":"Lovich, J.E., Godwin, J.C., and McCoy, C., 2014, Graptemys pulchra Baur 1893: Alabama Map Turtle, chap. of Conservation biology of freshwater turtles and tortoises: a compilation project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group, p. 072.1-072.6, https://doi.org/10.3854/crm.5.072.pulchra.v1.2014.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"072.1","endPage":"072.6","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-053336","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473227,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3854/crm.5.072.pulchra.v1.2014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280783,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280781,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3854/crm.5.072.pulchra.v1.2014"},{"id":280782,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.iucn-tftsg.org/graptemys-pulchra-072/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Georgia;Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.36,28.98 ], [ -92.36,35.62 ], [ -79.98,35.62 ], [ -79.98,28.98 ], [ -92.36,28.98 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cfc4dfe4b07de2a9490917","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Rhodin, A. G. J.","contributorId":114192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhodin","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509672,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pritchard, P. C. H.","contributorId":113118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pritchard","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509670,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Dijk, P. P.","contributorId":113295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Dijk","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509671,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saumure, Raymond A.","contributorId":71375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saumure","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509668,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buhlmann, K.A.","contributorId":112229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhlmann","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509669,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Iverson, J. B.","contributorId":16364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509666,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mittermeier, R.A.","contributorId":37034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mittermeier","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509667,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":7}],"authors":[{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godwin, James C.","contributorId":55734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godwin","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCoy, C.J.","contributorId":89075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048449,"text":"70048449 - 2014 - Forecasting conditional climate-change using a hybrid approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-08T16:18:32","indexId":"70048449","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-08T16:12:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasting conditional climate-change using a hybrid approach","docAbstract":"A novel approach is proposed to forecast the likelihood of climate-change across spatial landscape gradients. This hybrid approach involves reconstructing past precipitation and temperature using the self-organizing map technique; determining quantile trends in the climate-change variables by quantile regression modeling; and computing conditional forecasts of climate-change variables based on self-similarity in quantile trends using the fractionally differenced auto-regressive integrated moving average technique. The proposed modeling approach is applied to states (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah) in the southwestern U.S., where conditional forecasts of climate-change variables are evaluated against recent (2012) observations, evaluated at a future time period (2030), and evaluated as future trends (2009–2059). These results have broad economic, political, and social implications because they quantify uncertainty in climate-change forecasts affecting various sectors of society. Another benefit of the proposed hybrid approach is that it can be extended to any spatiotemporal scale providing self-similarity exists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Modelling and Software","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.10.009","usgsCitation":"Esfahani, A.A., and Friedel, M.J., 2014, Forecasting conditional climate-change using a hybrid approach: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 52, p. 83-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.10.009.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-044598","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280780,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280779,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.10.009"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;California;Colorado;Nevada;New Mexico;Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,31.25 ], [ -124.41,42.0 ], [ -102.0,42.0 ], [ -102.0,31.25 ], [ -124.41,31.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"52","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52ce747de4b073e0995b2dd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esfahani, Akbar Akbari","contributorId":67795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esfahani","given":"Akbar","email":"","middleInitial":"Akbari","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedel, Michael J. 0000-0002-5060-3999 mfriedel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-3999","contributorId":595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedel","given":"Michael","email":"mfriedel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70048979,"text":"ofr20131235 - 2014 - Lesser prairie-chicken nest site selection, microclimate, and nest survival in association with vegetation response to a grassland restoration program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-08T13:58:10","indexId":"ofr20131235","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-08T13:49:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1235","title":"Lesser prairie-chicken nest site selection, microclimate, and nest survival in association with vegetation response to a grassland restoration program","docAbstract":"Climate models predict that the region of the Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative (GPLCC) will experience increased maximum and minimum temperatures, reduced frequency but greater intensity of precipitation events, and earlier springs. These climate changes along with different landscape management techniques may influence the persistence of the lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus), a candidate for protection under the Endangered Species Act and a priority species under the GPLCC, in positive or negative ways. The objectives of this study were to conduct (1) a literature review of lesser prairie-chicken nesting phenology and ecology, (2) an analysis of thermal aspects of lesser prairie-chicken nest microclimate data, and (3) an analysis of nest site selection, nest survival, and vegetation response to 10 years of tebuthiuron and/or grazing treatments.\n\nWe found few reports in the literature containing useful data on the nesting phenology of lesser prairie-chickens; therefore, managers must rely on short-term observations and measurements of parameters that provide some predictive insight into climate impacts on nesting ecology. Our field studies showed that prairie-chickens on nests were able to maintain relatively consistent average nest temperature of 31 °C and nest humidities of 56.8 percent whereas average external temperatures (20.3–35.0 °C) and humidities (35.2–74.9 percent) varied widely throughout the 24 hour (hr) cycle. Grazing and herbicide treatments within our experimental areas were designed to be less intensive than in common practice. We determined nest locations by radio-tagging hen lesser prairie-chickens captured at leks, which are display grounds at which male lesser prairie-chickens aggregate and attempt to attract a female for mating. Because nest locations selected by hen lesser prairie-chicken are strongly associated with the lek at which they were captured, we assessed nesting habitat use on the basis of hens captured at individual leks, and then for all leks pooled. There was no clear pattern of selection for treatment type for nest placement among hens associated with individual leks; however, when hens from all leks were pooled, we found nesting lesser prairie-chickens selected control plots for nesting over plots that were grazed, treated with tebuthiuron, or were both grazed and treated with tebuthiuron. Overall, the probability of a nest surviving the incubation period was 0.57 for this study and did not vary significantly among treatment types. In contrast to nesting preference for untreated habitats, lek use exhibited no noticeable selection of treatment type. Over the 10 years of the habitat management study, there was 91 percent less sand shinnery oak (Quercus havardii) in treated areas than untreated areas. The removal of sand shinnery oak made environmental soil moisture more available for grasses and forbs to germinate and grow. Grasses increased by 149 percent and forbs increased by 257 percent in treated areas as compared to untreated areas throughout the study period. Our combined results, including our habitat selection analysis at the individual lek level, indicated that reduced rates of herbicide and short-duration grazing treatments were not detrimental to nesting lesser prairie-chickens and that populations of lesser prairie-chickens in shrub-dominated ecosystems may benefit from reduced rates of herbicide application and short duration of grazing that results in increased habitat heterogeneity.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131235","issn":"2331-1258","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with New Mexico Game and Fish and Texas Parks and Wildlife Department","usgsCitation":"Boal, C.W., Grisham, B.A., Haukos, D.A., Zavaleta, J.C., and Dixon, C., 2014, Lesser prairie-chicken nest site selection, microclimate, and nest survival in association with vegetation response to a grassland restoration program: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1235, x, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131235.","productDescription":"x, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042288","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280746,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131235.jpg"},{"id":280745,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1235/pdf/ofr2013-1235.pdf"},{"id":280744,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1235/"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico;Texas","county":"Cochran County;Hockley County;Roosevelt County;Terry County;Yoakum County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103.9475,32.5586 ], [ -103.9475,34.6068 ], [ -101.0989,34.6068 ], [ -101.0989,32.5586 ], [ -103.9475,32.5586 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52ce7482e4b073e0995b2de3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boal, Clint W. 0000-0001-6008-8911 cboal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-8911","contributorId":1909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boal","given":"Clint","email":"cboal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grisham, Blake A.","contributorId":75419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grisham","given":"Blake","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zavaleta, Jennifer C.","contributorId":102785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zavaleta","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dixon, Charles","contributorId":68203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70048697,"text":"70048697 - 2014 - Island history affects faunal composition: the treeshrews (Mammalia: Scandentia: Tupaiidae) from the Mentawai and Batu Islands, Indonesia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T14:59:36","indexId":"70048697","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-08T13:37:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1019,"text":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Island history affects faunal composition: the treeshrews (Mammalia: Scandentia: Tupaiidae) from the Mentawai and Batu Islands, Indonesia","docAbstract":"The Mentawai and Batu Island groups off the west coast of Sumatra have a complicated geological and biogeographical history. The Batu Islands have shared a connection with the Sumatran ‘mainland’ during periods of lowered sea level, whereas the Mentawai Islands, despite being a similar distance from Sumatra, have remained isolated from Sumatra, and probably from the Batu Islands as well. These contrasting historical relationships to Sumatra have influenced the compositions of the respective mammalian faunas of these island groups. Treeshrews (Scandentia, Tupaiidae) from these islands have, at various times in their history, been recognized as geographically circumscribed populations of a broadly distributed Tupaia glis, subspecies, or distinct species. We used multivariate analyses of measurements from the skull and hands to compare the island populations from Siberut (Mentawai Islands) and Tanahbala (Batu Islands) with the geographically adjacent species from the southern Mentawai Islands (T. chrysogaster) and Sumatra (T. ferruginea). Results from both the skull and manus of the Siberut population show that it is most similar to T. chrysogaster, whereas the Tanahbala population is more similar to T. ferruginea, confirming predictions based on island history. These results are further corroborated by mammae counts. Based on these lines of evidence, we include the Siberut population in T. chrysogaster and the Tanahbala population in T. ferruginea. Our conclusions expand the known distributions of both the Mentawai and Sumatran species. The larger geographical range of the endangered T. chrysogaster has conservation implications for this Mentawai endemic, so populations and habitat should be re-evaluated on each of the islands it inhabits. However, until such a re-evaluation is conducted, we recommend that the IUCN Red List status of this species be changed from ‘Endangered’ to ‘Data Deficient’.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/bij.12195","usgsCitation":"Sargis, E.J., Woodman, N., Morningstar, N.C., Reese, A.T., and Olson, L., 2014, Island history affects faunal composition: the treeshrews (Mammalia: Scandentia: Tupaiidae) from the Mentawai and Batu Islands, Indonesia: Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, v. 111, no. 2, p. 290-304, https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12195.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"290","endPage":"304","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051997","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12195","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280742,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280741,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bij.12195"}],"country":"Indonesia","otherGeospatial":"Mentawai;Batu Islands","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 93.84,-11.25 ], [ 93.84,6.97 ], [ 131.0,6.97 ], [ 131.0,-11.25 ], [ 93.84,-11.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"111","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52ce7481e4b073e0995b2ddf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sargis, Eric J.","contributorId":100726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargis","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodman, Neal 0000-0003-2689-7373 nwoodman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":3547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"Neal","email":"nwoodman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morningstar, Natalie C.","contributorId":31293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morningstar","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reese, Aspen T.","contributorId":23826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reese","given":"Aspen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Olson, Link E.","contributorId":60927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Link E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70047737,"text":"70047737 - 2014 - Ground motion in the presence of complex topography: Earthquake and ambient noise sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-29T11:13:00","indexId":"70047737","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-08T11:58:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground motion in the presence of complex topography: Earthquake and ambient noise sources","docAbstract":"To study the influence of topography on ground motion, eight seismic recorders were deployed for a period of one year over Poverty Ridge on the east side of the San Francisco Bay Area, California. This location is desirable because of its proximity to local earthquake sources and the significant topographic relief of the array (439 m). Topographic amplification is evaluated as a function of frequency using a variety of methods, including reference‐site‐based spectral ratios and single‐station horizontal‐to‐vertical spectral ratios using both shear waves from earthquakes and ambient noise. Field observations are compared with the predicted ground motion from an accurate digital model of the topography and a 3D local velocity model. Amplification factors from the theoretical calculations are consistent with observations. The fundamental resonance of the ridge is prominently observed in the spectra of data and synthetics; however, higher‐frequency peaks are also seen primarily for sources in line with the major axis of the ridge, perhaps indicating higher resonant modes. Excitations of lateral ribs off of the main ridge are also seen at frequencies consistent with their dimensions. The favored directions of resonance are shown to be transverse to the major axes of the topographic features.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Stanford","doi":"10.1785/0120130088","usgsCitation":"Hartzell, S.H., Meremonte, M., Ramírez-Guzmán, L., and McNamara, D., 2014, Ground motion in the presence of complex topography: Earthquake and ambient noise sources: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 104, no. 1, p. 451-466, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120130088.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"451","endPage":"466","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050721","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280770,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Santa Clara Valley","otherGeospatial":"Diablo Mountains; Poverty Ridge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.0,37.2 ], [ -122.0,37.6 ], [ -121.6,37.6 ], [ -121.6,37.2 ], [ -122.0,37.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"104","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52ce747ee4b073e0995b2dd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartzell, Stephen H. 0000-0003-0858-9043 shartzell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-9043","contributorId":2594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"Stephen","email":"shartzell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meremonte, Mark","contributorId":56968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meremonte","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramírez-Guzmán, Leonardo","contributorId":45946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramírez-Guzmán","given":"Leonardo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McNamara, Daniel","contributorId":103566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70056084,"text":"70056084 - 2014 - Responses of predatory invertebrates to seeding density and plant species richness in experimental tallgrass prairie restorations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-08T11:39:23","indexId":"70056084","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-08T11:32:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":682,"text":"Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Responses of predatory invertebrates to seeding density and plant species richness in experimental tallgrass prairie restorations","docAbstract":"In recent decades, agricultural producers and non-governmental organizations have restored thousands of hectares of former cropland in the central United States with native grasses and forbs. However, the ability of these grassland restorations to attract predatory invertebrates has not been well documented, even though predators provide an important ecosystem service to agricultural producers by naturally regulating herbivores. This study assessed the effects of plant richness and seeding density on the richness and abundance of surface-dwelling (ants, ground beetles, and spiders) and aboveground (ladybird beetles) predatory invertebrates. In the spring of 2006, twenty-four 55 m × 55 m-plots were planted to six replicates in each of four treatments: high richness (97 species typically planted by The Nature Conservancy), at low and high seeding densities, and low richness (15 species representing a typical Natural Resources Conservation Service Conservation Reserve Program mix, CP25), at low and high seeding densities. Ants, ground beetles, and spiders were sampled using pitfall traps and ladybird beetles were sampled using sweep netting in 2007–2009. The abundance of ants, ground beetles, and spiders showed no response to seed mix richness or seeding density but there was a significant positive effect of richness on ladybird beetle abundance. Seeding density had a significant positive effect on ground beetle and spider species richness and Shannon–Weaver diversity. These results may be related to differences in the plant species composition and relative amount of grass basal cover among the treatments rather than richness.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.024","usgsCitation":"Nemec, K.T., Allen, C.R., Danielson, S.D., and Helzer, C.J., 2014, Responses of predatory invertebrates to seeding density and plant species richness in experimental tallgrass prairie restorations: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 183, p. 11-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.024.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-052433","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280715,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.024"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Hall County","city":"Wood River","otherGeospatial":"Platte River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.678837,40.71317 ], [ -98.678837,40.842276 ], [ -98.504995,40.842276 ], [ -98.504995,40.71317 ], [ -98.678837,40.71317 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"183","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52ce7484e4b073e0995b2de7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nemec, Kristine T.","contributorId":24650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nemec","given":"Kristine","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Danielson, Stephen D.","contributorId":77041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danielson","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Helzer, Christopher J.","contributorId":41724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helzer","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70049015,"text":"sir20135178 - 2014 - The lifecycle of silver in the United States in 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-08T09:47:04","indexId":"sir20135178","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-08T09:40:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5178","title":"The lifecycle of silver in the United States in 2009","docAbstract":"Because silver is highly sought after for its properties, which make it eminently suitable for new technology applications, a clear understanding of the flow of materials in the economy, the historical context, and trends for the future can help project the future of silver in the economy of the United States. Silver has many properties that are desired in today’s economy. It has superior electrical and heat conductivity, chemical stability, high-temperature strength, malleability, and other characteristics that make it important in high-tech electronic and other industrial applications. Because it is relatively scarce as a natural resource and is easily coined, silver historically has been an important monetary metal. As knowledge of silver chemistry has increased, many industrial end uses have been developed.
\nThis study reviews the flows of silver into various end uses and examines the nature of the end use with respect to the silver properties desired and the ability of the end use to produce recyclable end-of-life materials. For the most part, silver can be profitably recycled, but the recycling activity is helped by tipping fees (fees imposed on scrap generators by scrap collectors for taking the material) for materials that might otherwise be regulated as hazardous wastes. New high-technology applications use silver in nanolevel amounts, leading to a potential for dissipative loss and reduced recycling capability.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135178","usgsCitation":"Goonan, T.G., 2014, The lifecycle of silver in the United States in 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5178, iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135178.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045587","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280697,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135178.jpg"},{"id":280696,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5178/"},{"id":280695,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5178/pdf/sir2013-5178.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52ce7485e4b073e0995b2deb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goonan, Thomas G. goonan@usgs.gov","contributorId":2761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goonan","given":"Thomas","email":"goonan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70074658,"text":"70074658 - 2014 - Seabed fluid expulsion along the upper slope and outer shelf of the U.S. Atlantic continental margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T10:05:08","indexId":"70074658","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-08T09:34:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seabed fluid expulsion along the upper slope and outer shelf of the U.S. Atlantic continental margin","docAbstract":"Identifying the spatial distribution of seabed fluid expulsion features is crucial for understanding the substrate plumbing system of any continental margin. A 1100 km stretch of the U.S. Atlantic margin contains more than 5000 pockmarks at water depths of 120 m (shelf edge) to 700 m (upper slope), mostly updip of the contemporary gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ). Advanced attribute analyses of high-resolution multichannel seismic reflection data reveal gas-charged sediment and probable fluid chimneys beneath pockmark fields. A series of enhanced reflectors, inferred to represent hydrate-bearing sediments, occur within the GHSZ. Differential sediment loading at the shelf edge and warming-induced gas hydrate dissociation along the upper slope are the proposed mechanisms that led to transient changes in substrate pore fluid overpressure, vertical fluid/gas migration, and pockmark formation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2013GL058048","usgsCitation":"Brothers, D., Ruppel, C., Kluesner, J., ten Brink, U., Chaytor, J., Hill, J.C., Andrews, B., and Flores, C., 2014, Seabed fluid expulsion along the upper slope and outer shelf of the U.S. Atlantic continental margin: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 41, no. 1, p. 96-101, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058048.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"101","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-052938","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013gl058048","text":"External Repository"},{"id":281871,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281816,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058048"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Margin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.0,34.0 ], [ -77.0,44.0 ], [ -65.0,44.0 ], [ -65.0,34.0 ], [ -77.0,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"41","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd719ee4b0b29085107ca1","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2013gl058048","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013gl058048","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Brothers D. S., Ruppel C., Kluesner J. W., ten Brink U. S., Chaytor J. D., Hill J. C., Andrews B. D., Flores C.","journalName":"Geophysical Research Letters","publicationDate":"1/8/2014","auditedOn":"7/10/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brothers, D.S.","contributorId":76953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruppel, C.","contributorId":82050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kluesner, J.W.","contributorId":94208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kluesner","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":489705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chaytor, J.D.","contributorId":80936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hill, J. C.","contributorId":100878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Andrews, B.D.","contributorId":87737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Flores, C.","contributorId":78587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70044825,"text":"70044825 - 2014 - Investigation of off-site airborne transport of lead from a superfund removal action site using lead isotope ratios and concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-08T14:12:51","indexId":"70044825","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-08T09:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigation of off-site airborne transport of lead from a superfund removal action site using lead isotope ratios and concentrations","docAbstract":"Lead (Pb) concentration and Pb isotopic composition of surface and subsurface soil samples were used to investigate the potential for off-site air transport of Pb from a former white Pb processing facility to neighboring residential homes in a six block area on Staten Island, NY. Surface and subsurface soil samples collected on the Jewett White Pb site were found to range from 1.122 to 1.138 for 206Pb/207Pb and 2.393 to 2.411 for 208Pb/207Pb. The off-site surface soil samples collected from residential backyards, train trestle, near site grass patches and background areas varied from 1.144 to 1.196 for 206Pb/207Pb and 2.427 to 2.464 for 208Pb/207Pb. Two soil samples collected along Richmond Terrace, where Jewett site soils accumulated after major rain events, varied from 1.136 to 1.147 for 206Pb/207Pb and 2.407 to 2.419 for 208Pb/207Pb. Lead concentration for on-site surface soil samples ranged from 450 to 8000 ug/g, on-site subsurface soil samples ranged from 90,000 to 240,000 ug/g and off-site samples varied from 380 to 3500 ug/g. Lead concentration and isotopic composition for the Staten Island off-site samples were similar to previously published data for other northeastern US cities and reflect re-suspension and re-mobilization of local accumulated Pb. The considerable differences in both the Pb isotopic composition and Pb concentration of on-site and off-site samples resulted in the ability to geochemically trace the transport of particulate Pb. Data in this study indicate minimal off-site surface transport of Pb from the Jewett site into the neighboring residential area.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.11.004","usgsCitation":"Pribil, M., Maddaloni, M.A., Staiger, K., Wilson, E., Magriples, N., Ali, M., and Santella, D., 2014, Investigation of off-site airborne transport of lead from a superfund removal action site using lead isotope ratios and concentrations: Applied Geochemistry, v. 41, p. 89-94, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.11.004.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-024846","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280750,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280749,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.11.004"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"Staten Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.181499,40.609152 ], [ -74.181499,40.647384 ], [ -74.096002,40.647384 ], [ -74.096002,40.609152 ], [ -74.181499,40.609152 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"41","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52ce7480e4b073e0995b2ddb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pribil, Michael J.","contributorId":62115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pribil","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maddaloni, Mark A.","contributorId":66164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maddaloni","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Staiger, Kimberly","contributorId":74292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staiger","given":"Kimberly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, Eric","contributorId":96542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Magriples, Nick","contributorId":58935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magriples","given":"Nick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ali, Mustafa","contributorId":64150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ali","given":"Mustafa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Santella, Dennis","contributorId":49695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santella","given":"Dennis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70049021,"text":"fs20133084 - 2014 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:59:52","indexId":"fs20133084","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-07T15:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3084","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for South Dakota","docAbstract":"Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of South Dakota, elevation data are critical for agriculture and precision farming, natural resources conservation, water supply and quality, infrastructure and construction management, flood risk management, geologic resource assessment and hazard mitigation, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.
\nThe National Enhanced Elevation Assessment (NEEA; Dewberry, 2011) evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios.The new 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Office of Management and Budget Circular A–16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation’s natural and constructed features.
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Jr. carswell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"William J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"carswell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048540,"text":"70048540 - 2014 - Histological assessment of organs in sexually mature and post-spawning steelhead trout and insights into iteroparity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-12T12:24:03","indexId":"70048540","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-07T14:12:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3278,"text":"Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Histological assessment of organs in sexually mature and post-spawning steelhead trout and insights into iteroparity","docAbstract":"Steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are anadromous and iteroparous, but repeat-spawning rates are generally low. Like other anadromous salmonids, steelhead trout fast during freshwater spawning migrations, but little is known about the changes that occur in vital organs and tissues. We hypothesized that fish capable of repeat-spawning would not undergo the same irreversible degeneration and cellular necrosis documented in semelparous salmon. Using Snake River steelhead trout as a model we used histological analysis to assess the cellular architecture in the pyloric stomach, ovary, liver, and spleen in sexually mature and kelt steelhead trout. We observed 38 % of emigrating kelts with food or fecal material in the gastrointestinal tract. Evidence of feeding was more likely in good condition kelts, and feeding was associated with a significant renewal of villi in the pyloric stomach. No vitellogenic oocytes were observed in sections of kelt ovaries, but perinucleolar and early/late stage cortical alveolus oocytes were present suggesting iteroparity was possible. We documented a negative correlation between the quantity of perinucleolar oocytes in ovarian tissues and fork length of kelts suggesting that larger steelhead trout may invest more into a single spawning event. Liver and spleen tissues of both mature and kelt steelhead trout had minimal cellular necroses. Our findings indicate that the physiological processes causing rapid senescence and death in semelparous salmon are not evident in steelhead trout, and recovery begins in fresh water. Future management efforts to increase iteroparity in steelhead trout and Atlantic salmon must consider the physiological processes that influence post-spawning recovery.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11160-013-9338-2","usgsCitation":"Penney, Z.L., and Moffitt, C.M., 2014, Histological assessment of organs in sexually mature and post-spawning steelhead trout and insights into iteroparity: Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, v. 24, no. 3, p. 781-801, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-013-9338-2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"781","endPage":"801","numberOfPages":"21","ipdsId":"IP-044998","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280668,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280667,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11160-013-9338-2"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cd21fde4b0c3f95143ecf7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Penney, Zachary L.","contributorId":8373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penney","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moffitt, Christine M. 0000-0001-6020-9728 cmoffitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6020-9728","contributorId":2583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffitt","given":"Christine","email":"cmoffitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70048996,"text":"ofr20131266 - 2014 - Natural heat storage in a brine-filled solar pond in the Tully Valley of central New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-07T14:27:58","indexId":"ofr20131266","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-07T14:06:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1266","title":"Natural heat storage in a brine-filled solar pond in the Tully Valley of central New York","docAbstract":"The Tully Valley, located in southern Onondaga County, New York, has a long history of unusual natural hydrogeologic phenomena including mudboils (Kappel, 2009), landslides (Tamulonis and others, 2009; Pair and others, 2000), landsurface subsidence (Hackett and others, 2009; Kappel, 2009), and a brine-filled sinkhole or “Solar pond” (fig. 1), which is documented in this report. A solar pond is a pool of salty water (brine) which stores the sun’s energy in the form of heat. The saltwater naturally forms distinct layers with increasing density between transitional zones (haloclines) of rapidly changing specific conductance with depth. In a typical solar pond, the top layer has a low salt content and is often times referred to as the upper convective zone (Lu and others, 2002). The bottom layer is a concentrated brine that is either convective or temperature stratified dependent on the surrounding environment. Solar insolation is absorbed and stored in the lower, denser brine while the overlying halocline acts as an insulating layer and prevents heat from moving upwards from the lower zone (Lu and others, 2002). In the case of the Tully Valley solar pond, water within the pond can be over 90 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) in late summer and early fall. The purpose of this report is to summarize observations at the Tully Valley brine-filled sinkhole and provide supplemental climate data which might affect the pond salinity gradients insolation (solar energy).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131266","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"Hayhurst, B., and Kappel, W.M., 2014, Natural heat storage in a brine-filled solar pond in the Tully Valley of central New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1266, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131266.","productDescription":"14 p.","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-044705","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280666,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131266.jpg"},{"id":280664,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1266/pdf/ofr2013-1266.pdf"},{"id":280665,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1266/"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Onondaga County","otherGeospatial":"Tully Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.166667,42.816667 ], [ -76.166667,42.9 ], [ -76.125,42.9 ], [ -76.125,42.816667 ], [ -76.166667,42.816667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cd21fee4b0c3f95143ed05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayhurst, Brett 0000-0002-1717-2015","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1717-2015","contributorId":96995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayhurst","given":"Brett","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kappel, William M. 0000-0002-2382-9757 wkappel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2382-9757","contributorId":1074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappel","given":"William","email":"wkappel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70048186,"text":"70048186 - 2014 - A GIS-based vulnerability assessment of brine contamination to aquatic resources from oil and gas development in eastern Sheridan County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-24T09:39:08","indexId":"70048186","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-07T13:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A GIS-based vulnerability assessment of brine contamination to aquatic resources from oil and gas development in eastern Sheridan County, Montana","docAbstract":"Water (brine) co-produced with oil in the Williston Basin is some of the most saline in the nation. The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR), characterized by glacial sediments and numerous wetlands, covers the northern and eastern portion of the Williston Basin. Sheridan County, Montana, lies within the PPR and has a documented history of brine contamination. Surface water and shallow groundwater in the PPR are saline and sulfate dominated while the deeper brines are much more saline and chloride dominated. A Contamination Index (CI), defined as the ratio of chloride concentration to specific conductance in a water sample, was developed by the Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology to delineate the magnitude of brine contamination in Sheridan County. Values > 0.035 indicate contamination.
\nRecently, the U.S. Geological Survey completed a county level geographic information system (GIS)-based vulnerability assessment of brine contamination to aquatic resources in the PPR of the Williston Basin based on the age and density of oil wells, number of wetlands, and stream length per county. To validate and better define this assessment, a similar approach was applied in eastern Sheridan County at a greater level of detail (the 2.59 km2 Public Land Survey System section grid) and included surficial geology. Vulnerability assessment scores were calculated for the 780 modeled sections and these scores were divided into ten equal interval bins representing similar probabilities of contamination. Two surface water and two groundwater samples were collected from the section with the greatest acreage of Federal land in each bin. Nineteen of the forty water samples, and at least one water sample from seven of the ten selected sections, had CI values indicating contamination. Additionally, CI values generally increased with increasing vulnerability assessment score, with a stronger correlation for groundwater samples (R2 = 0.78) than surface water samples (R2 = 0.53).
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.027","usgsCitation":"Preston, T.M., Chesley-Preston, T., and Thamke, J., 2014, A GIS-based vulnerability assessment of brine contamination to aquatic resources from oil and gas development in eastern Sheridan County, Montana: Science of the Total Environment, v. 472, p. 1152-1162, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.027.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1152","endPage":"1162","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-044041","costCenters":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280661,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.027"},{"id":280662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Sheridan County","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Pothole Region;Williston Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.97,41.71 ], [ -115.97,54.99 ], [ -89.82,54.99 ], [ -89.82,41.71 ], [ -115.97,41.71 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"472","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cd21e2e4b0c3f95143ecd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Preston, Todd M. 0000-0002-8812-9233 tmpreston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8812-9233","contributorId":1664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preston","given":"Todd","email":"tmpreston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chesley-Preston, Tara L.","contributorId":58938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesley-Preston","given":"Tara L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thamke, Joanna N. 0000-0002-6917-1946 jothamke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6917-1946","contributorId":1012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thamke","given":"Joanna N.","email":"jothamke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70060536,"text":"70060536 - 2014 - Using SPMDs for monitoring hydrophobic organic compounds in urban river water in Korea compared with using conventional water grab samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-07T09:41:26","indexId":"70060536","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-06T16:57:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using SPMDs for monitoring hydrophobic organic compounds in urban river water in Korea compared with using conventional water grab samples","docAbstract":"We aimed to verify the effectiveness of semi-permeablemembrane devices (SPMDs) formonitoring hydrophobic organic compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), that are not easy to detect using conventional grab samples (because of their low concentrations), in water.We used SPMDs and grab samples to monitor PCBs and PBDEs upstream and downstream of a sewage treatment plant (STP) in the Suyeong River in Busan, Korea. Concentrations in three different phases (freely dissolved, apparently dissolved, and particulate) were measured, to investigate the aquatic fate of PCBs and PBDEs. The freely dissolved (SPMD) concentrations were 2–3 times higher than the apparently dissolved and particulate phase (grab sample) concentrations. No meaningful relationships were found between the total PCB and PBDE concentrations of the grab sample and SPMD sample because of the different partitioning behaviors and detection frequencies of the individual chemicals. However, the summed concentrations of specific PCB and PBDE congeners (that were abundant in all samples) in the grab and SPMD samples correlated well (r2 = 0.7451 for PCBs 28 + 52 + 153, r2 = 0.9987 for PBDEs 28 + 47 + 99). The PBDE concentrations measured using SPMDs decreased with increasing distance from the STP, but no apparent dilution effect was found in the grab samples. Our results show that SPMDs could be used to support grab sampling for specific chemicals, or to trace chemical sources (such as STPs) to the aquatic environment.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.033","usgsCitation":"Kim, U., Kim, H.Y., Alvarez, D.A., Lee, I., and Oh, J., 2014, Using SPMDs for monitoring hydrophobic organic compounds in urban river water in Korea compared with using conventional water grab samples: Science of the Total Environment, v. 470-471, p. 1537-1544, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.033.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1537","endPage":"1544","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-041621","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.033","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280638,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280637,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.033"}],"country":"Korea","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 129.110957,35.158773 ], [ 129.110957,35.196062 ], [ 129.136385,35.196062 ], [ 129.136385,35.158773 ], [ 129.110957,35.158773 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"470-471","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7ac1e4b0b2908510daf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kim, Un-Jung","contributorId":95791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Un-Jung","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kim, Hee Young","contributorId":76641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Hee","email":"","middleInitial":"Young","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alvarez, David A. 0000-0002-6918-2709 dalvarez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-2709","contributorId":1369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"David","email":"dalvarez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, In-Seok","contributorId":48863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"In-Seok","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oh, Jeong-Eun","contributorId":76221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oh","given":"Jeong-Eun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70059915,"text":"70059915 - 2014 - What do data used to develop ground-motion prediction equations tell us about motions near faults?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:40:26","indexId":"70059915","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-06T16:10:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What do data used to develop ground-motion prediction equations tell us about motions near faults?","docAbstract":"A large database of ground motions from shallow earthquakes occurring in active tectonic regions around the world, recently developed in the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Center’s NGA-West2 project, has been used to investigate what such a database can say about the properties and processes of crustal fault zones. There are a relatively small number of near-rupture records, implying that few recordings in the database are within crustal fault zones, but the records that do exist emphasize the complexity of ground-motion amplitudes and polarization close to individual faults. On average over the whole data set, however, the scaling of ground motions with magnitude at a fixed distance, and the distance dependence of the ground motions, seem to be largely consistent with simple seismological models of source scaling, path propagation effects, and local site amplification. The data show that ground motions close to large faults, as measured by elastic response spectra, tend to saturate and become essentially constant for short periods. This saturation seems to be primarily a geometrical effect, due to the increasing size of the rupture surface with magnitude, and not due to a breakdown in self similarity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00024-013-0748-9","usgsCitation":"Boore, D.M., 2014, What do data used to develop ground-motion prediction equations tell us about motions near faults?: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 171, no. 11, p. 3023-3043, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-013-0748-9.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"3023","endPage":"3043","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051125","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280635,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-013-0748-9"}],"volume":"171","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cbd084e4b03116c9ddba10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boore, David M. boore@usgs.gov","contributorId":2509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70067289,"text":"70067289 - 2014 - Prey availability, consumption, and quality contribute to variation in growth of subyearling Chinook Salmon rearing in riverine and reservoir habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-26T10:57:04","indexId":"70067289","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-06T14:02:34","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prey availability, consumption, and quality contribute to variation in growth of subyearling Chinook Salmon rearing in riverine and reservoir habitats","docAbstract":"We examined prey availability, prey consumed, and diet energy content as sources of variation in growth of natural fall Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha subyearlings rearing in riverine and reservoir habitats in the Snake River. Subyearlings in riverine habitat primarily consumed aquatic insects (e.g., Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera), of which a high proportion was represented by adult, terrestrial forms. In the reservoir, subyearlings also consumed aquatic insects but also preyed heavily at times on nonnative lentic amphipods Corophium spp. and the mysid Neomysis mercedis, which were absent in riverine habitats. The availability of prey was typically much higher in the reservoir due to N. mercedis often composing over 90% of the biomass, but when this taxon was removed from consideration, biomass estimates were more often higher in the riverine habitat. Subyearling diets during 2009–2011 were generally 17–40% higher in energy in the riverine habitat than in the reservoir. Observed growth in both length and weight were significantly higher in the riverine habitat than in the reservoir. Little is known about how temporal and spatial changes in the food web in large river landscapes influence populations of native anadromous fishes. Our results provide a glimpse of how the spread and establishment of nonnative prey species can reduce juvenile salmon growth in a large river impoundment, which in turn can affect migration timing and survival.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2013.839958","usgsCitation":"Tiffan, K.F., Erhardt, J.M., and St. John, S., 2014, Prey availability, consumption, and quality contribute to variation in growth of subyearling Chinook Salmon rearing in riverine and reservoir habitats: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 143, no. 1, p. 219-229, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2013.839958.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"229","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045910","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280747,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Snake River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.04,45.76 ], [ -119.04,46.7 ], [ -116.92,46.7 ], [ -116.92,45.76 ], [ -119.04,45.76 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"143","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6debe4b0b29085105710","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tiffan, Kenneth F. 0000-0002-5831-2846 ktiffan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-2846","contributorId":3200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"Kenneth","email":"ktiffan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erhardt, John M. 0000-0002-5170-285X jerhardt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5170-285X","contributorId":5380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erhardt","given":"John","email":"jerhardt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"St. John, Scott J.","contributorId":19873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"St. John","given":"Scott J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70059775,"text":"70059775 - 2014 - Utilizing thin-film solid-phase extraction to assess the effect of organic carbon amendments on the bioavailability of DDT and dieldrin to earthworms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:42:33","indexId":"70059775","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-06T09:59:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Utilizing thin-film solid-phase extraction to assess the effect of organic carbon amendments on the bioavailability of DDT and dieldrin to earthworms","docAbstract":"Improved approaches are needed to assess bioavailability of hydrophobic organic compounds in contaminated soils. Performance of thin-film solid-phase extraction (TF-SPE) using vials coated with ethylene vinyl acetate was compared to earthworm bioassay (Lumbricus terrestris). A DDT and dieldrin contaminated soil was amended with four organic carbon materials to assess the change in bioavailability. Addition of organic carbon significantly lowered bioavailability for all compounds except for 4,4′-DDT. Equilibrium concentrations of compounds in the polymer were correlated with uptake by earthworms after 48d exposure (R2 = 0.97; p < 0.001), indicating TF-SPE provided an accurate uptake simulation. Bioavailability of residues in soil was compared with a spiked soil aged for 90d in laboratory. Dieldrin and DDX were respectively 18% and 11% less bioavailable in contaminated soil relative to spiked soil despite >40yr of aging. Results show that TF-SPE can be useful in examining potential risks associated with contaminated soils and to test effectiveness of remediation efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2013.11.008","usgsCitation":"Andrade, N.A., Centofanti, T., McConnell, L.L., Hapeman, C.J., Torrents, A., Anh, N., Beyer, W.N., Chaney, R.L., Novak, J.M., Anderson, M.O., and Cantrell, K.B., 2014, Utilizing thin-film solid-phase extraction to assess the effect of organic carbon amendments on the bioavailability of DDT and dieldrin to earthworms: Environmental Pollution, v. 185, p. 307-313, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.11.008.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"313","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-052700","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280535,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.11.008"},{"id":280621,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"185","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cbd084e4b03116c9ddba0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrade, Natasha A.","contributorId":47683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrade","given":"Natasha","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Centofanti, Tiziana","contributorId":33215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Centofanti","given":"Tiziana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McConnell, Laura L.","contributorId":106437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConnell","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hapeman, Cathleen J.","contributorId":63154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapeman","given":"Cathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Torrents, Alba","contributorId":94906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torrents","given":"Alba","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anh, Nguyen","contributorId":49696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anh","given":"Nguyen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Beyer, W. 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