Silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, escaped into the Lower Mississippi River (LMR) over 50 years ago, established reproductive populations, and spread across much of the Mississippi River Basin. Demographic rates of silver carp are needed to inform decisions on control and management of this invasive species, but have not been published for the LMR. The purpose of this paper is to report silver carp age and growth estimates from fish collected in riverine (mainstem) and backwater (lake) habitats in the LMR during the period 2011–2019, to compare our results with populations from other geographic areas in the Upper Mississippi River drainage, and to evaluate latitudinal and habitat differences in demographic parameters. Silver carp gained weight with increasing length similarly throughout the lower and upper basin. However, annual growth rates were higher in the LMR compared to northern rivers including the Illinois, Wabash, Missouri, and Middle Mississippi rivers. In the LMR, regression analyses demonstrated that females were heavier in lakes than males or females in the mainstem and that females in lakes had the lowest instantaneous mortality (-0.186). Maximum age was 8 and 10 years for females and males, respectively. The largest male weighed 13.8 kg with a total length of 1022 mm, and was 7 years old. The largest female weighed 16.0 kg with a total length of 1034 mm TL, and was 7 years old. Rapid growth rates, larger sizes, and lower mortality in the LMR, in combination with limited commercial fishing, extensive river-floodplain connectivity, and vast amounts of spawning areas, ensure that LMR silver carp will continue to act as a source of fast-growing invasive individuals for other reaches and other rivers throughout the Mississippi River Basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Open Knowledge on Invasive Alien Species (INVASIVESNET), and Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre (Finland)","doi":"10.3391/ai.2024.19.3.133295","usgsCitation":"Killgore, K., Hoover, J.J., Slack, W., Kirk, J., Lewis, B., George, S., and Miranda, L.E., 2024, Population characteristics of silver carp from the source of their North American introduction in the Lower Mississippi River: Aquatic Invasions, v. 19, no. 3, p. 329-343, https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2024.19.3.133295.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"343","ipdsId":"IP-166780","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488206,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2024.19.3.133295","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484495,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lower Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.69714618337952,\n 37.0239472247612\n ],\n [\n -91.93441242413596,\n 37.0239472247612\n ],\n [\n -91.93441242413596,\n 28.675506199860834\n ],\n [\n -88.69714618337952,\n 28.675506199860834\n ],\n [\n -88.69714618337952,\n 37.0239472247612\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Killgore, Kenneth J.","contributorId":353284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Killgore","given":"Kenneth J.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoover, Jan J.","contributorId":173400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoover","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":27223,"text":"U. S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slack, William T.","contributorId":272893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slack","given":"William T.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kirk, James P.","contributorId":353286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirk","given":"James P.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lewis, Bradley R.","contributorId":353287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Bradley R.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"George, Steven G.","contributorId":353289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"George","given":"Steven G.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70261301,"text":"70261301 - 2024 - Chronology and Paleoenvironment of the Tunga Formation, a new lowermost Miocene sequence in the East Pisco Basin of southern Peru","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-05T15:17:49.150883","indexId":"70261301","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-20T09:10:28","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3481,"text":"Stratigraphy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chronology and Paleoenvironment of the Tunga Formation, a new lowermost Miocene sequence in the East Pisco Basin of southern Peru","docAbstract":"The East Pisco Basin, occupying the coastal plain of Peru between 13°S and 16°S, is widely known for its extensive Eocene to Quaternary biosiliceous deposits and excellent preservation of fossil marine vertebrates. Biochronologic studies published over the past 35 years record a hiatus of about 13 million years (*32–19 Ma) separating the youngest Paleogene deposits (Otuma Formation) from the oldest Neogene deposits (Chilcatay Formation). We describe a newly identified Lower Miocene depositional sequence that lies below documented Chilcatay strata, rich in diatoms and benthic foraminifers, which we name the Tunga Formation. A low-latitude diatom assemblage from the Tunga Formation indicates an age of 21.6 to 20.5 Ma age, whereas an ash within basal Tunga strata yields an 206Pb/238U weighted mean age of 20.58 ± 0.13 Ma. Benthic foraminifer paleodepth analysis and the diatom assemblage of the Tunga Formation indicate deposition took place along the continental margin at upper bathyal depths under hypoxic conditions beneath highly productive waters, a scenario also supported by the presence of abundant clupeoid fish scales and dolomitized horizons. The Tunga Formation is characterized by a profound scarcity of cetacean fossils, unlike the cetacean-rich neritic sediments of the overlying Chilcatay Formation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","doi":"10.29041/strat.21.3.02","usgsCitation":"Devries, T.J., Barron, J.A., Ochoa, D., and McDougall, K., 2024, Chronology and Paleoenvironment of the Tunga Formation, a new lowermost Miocene sequence in the East Pisco Basin of southern Peru: Stratigraphy, v. 21, no. 3, p. 189-224, https://doi.org/10.29041/strat.21.3.02.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"224","ipdsId":"IP-159996","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":464803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Peru","otherGeospatial":"East Pisco Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.59943468688778,\n -13.412329717321242\n ],\n [\n -76.59943468688778,\n -15.157979562609952\n ],\n [\n -74.39256233212738,\n -15.157979562609952\n ],\n [\n -74.39256233212738,\n -13.412329717321242\n ],\n [\n -76.59943468688778,\n -13.412329717321242\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Devries, Thomas J.","contributorId":261423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Devries","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":52853,"text":"1Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":920297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":920298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ochoa, Diana","contributorId":261433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ochoa","given":"Diana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":920299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDougall, Kristen 0000-0002-8788-3664","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-3664","contributorId":52673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougall","given":"Kristen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":920300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70268026,"text":"70268026 - 2024 - Adaptation and Response in Drylands (ARID): Community insights for scoping a NASA terrestrial ecology field campaign in drylands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-11T14:23:41.793379","indexId":"70268026","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-20T09:09:14","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5053,"text":"Earth's Future","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adaptation and Response in Drylands (ARID): Community insights for scoping a NASA terrestrial ecology field campaign in drylands","docAbstract":"Dryland ecosystems cover 40% of our planet's land surface, support billions of people, and are responding rapidly to climate and land use change. These expansive systems also dominate core aspects of Earth's climate, storing and exchanging vast amounts of water, carbon, and energy with the atmosphere. Despite their indispensable ecosystem services and high vulnerability to change, drylands are one of the least understood ecosystem types, partly due to challenges studying their heterogeneous landscapes and misconceptions that drylands are unproductive “wastelands.” Consequently, inadequate understanding of dryland processes has resulted in poor model representation and forecasting capacity, hindering decision making for these at-risk ecosystems. NASA satellite resources are increasingly available at the higher resolutions needed to enhance understanding of drylands' heterogeneous spatiotemporal dynamics. NASA's Terrestrial Ecology Program solicited proposals for scoping a multi-year field campaign, of which Adaptation and Response in Drylands (ARID) was one of two scoping studies selected. A primary goal of the scoping study is to gather input from the scientific and data end-user communities on dryland research gaps and data user needs. Here, we provide an overview of the ARID team's community engagement and how it has guided development of our framework. This includes an ARID kickoff meeting with over 300 participants held in October 2023 at the University of Arizona to gather input from data end-users and scientists. We also summarize insights gained from hundreds of follow-up activities, including from a tribal-engagement focused workshop in New Mexico, conference town halls, intensive roundtables, and international engagements.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024EF004811","usgsCitation":"Feldman, A.F., Reed, S., Amaral, C., Babst-Kostecka, A., Babst, F., Biederman, J.A., Devine, C., Fu, Z., Green, J., Guo, J., Hanan, N.P., Kokaly, R.F., Litvak, M., MacBean, N., Moore, D., Ojima, D.S., Poulter, B., Scott, R.L., Smith, W.K., Swap, R., Tucker, C., Wang, L., Watts, J.D., Wessels, K., Zhang, F., and Zhang, W., 2024, Adaptation and Response in Drylands (ARID): Community insights for scoping a NASA terrestrial ecology field campaign in drylands: Earth's Future, v. 12, no. 9, e2024EF004811, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EF004811.","productDescription":"e2024EF004811, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-166467","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490633,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ef004811","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":490367,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feldman, Andrew F.","contributorId":335697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feldman","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":80476,"text":"Biospheric Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Sasha C. 0000-0002-8597-8619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-8619","contributorId":207498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Sasha C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amaral, Cibele","contributorId":356777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amaral","given":"Cibele","affiliations":[{"id":85228,"text":"Earth Lab, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Babst-Kostecka, Alicja","contributorId":356778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Babst-Kostecka","given":"Alicja","affiliations":[{"id":85229,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Babst, Flurin","contributorId":202419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Babst","given":"Flurin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36426,"text":"Laboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona. Tucson, Arizona, USA, Dendroclimatology Group, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Biederman, Joel A.","contributorId":201939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biederman","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6758,"text":"USDA-ARS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Devine, Charles","contributorId":356779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Devine","given":"Charles","affiliations":[{"id":34509,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fu, Zheng","contributorId":356790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fu","given":"Zheng","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Green, Julia K.","contributorId":356780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Green","given":"Julia K.","affiliations":[{"id":85229,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Guo, Jessica","contributorId":356781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guo","given":"Jessica","affiliations":[{"id":85232,"text":"CCT Data Science Group, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hanan, Niall P.","contributorId":208283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanan","given":"Niall","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37773,"text":"Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kokaly, Raymond F. 0000-0003-0276-7101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":205165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Litvak, Marcy","contributorId":216915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Litvak","given":"Marcy","affiliations":[{"id":39549,"text":"University of New Mexico: Albuquerque, NM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"MacBean, Natasha","contributorId":239672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacBean","given":"Natasha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47964,"text":"Dept. of Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Moore, David","contributorId":190216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":940046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Ojima, Dennis S.","contributorId":208511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ojima","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":37812,"text":"Colorado State University; North Central Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Poulter, Benjamin","contributorId":330088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poulter","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Scott, Russell L.","contributorId":39875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":940049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Smith, William K. 0000-0002-5785-6489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5785-6489","contributorId":239667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":47959,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Swap, Robert","contributorId":356783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swap","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":85234,"text":"Earth Sciences Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Tucker, Compton J.","contributorId":356784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tucker","given":"Compton J.","affiliations":[{"id":85234,"text":"Earth Sciences Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Wang, Lixin","contributorId":300466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Lixin","affiliations":[{"id":65165,"text":"Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, IN, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Watts, Jennifer D.","contributorId":243093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watts","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16705,"text":"Woods Hole Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Wessels, Konrad","contributorId":356785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wessels","given":"Konrad","affiliations":[{"id":85235,"text":"Department of Geography and Geoinformation Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Zhang, Fangyue","contributorId":266007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Fangyue","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54855,"text":"USDA Agricultural Research Service Southwest Watershed Research Center, Tucson, Arizona 85719 ; School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Zhang, Wen","contributorId":356791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Wen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":940057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26}]}} ,{"id":70259369,"text":"70259369 - 2024 - Two-million-year eruptive history of Laguna del Maule volcanic field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-04T11:51:52.228075","indexId":"70259369","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-20T06:49:20","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2462,"text":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two-million-year eruptive history of Laguna del Maule volcanic field","docAbstract":"The Shublik Formation (Middle to Upper Triassic) is a heterogeneous unit that is a major hydrocarbon source rock in northern Alaska and the largest known Triassic phosphate accumulation in the world. This formation, which occurs in the subsurface and crops out within the Arctic Alaska basin, was deposited on a gently sloping ramp along the northwestern Laurentian margin. In this study, we document spatial and temporal facies variations within the Shublik and the overlying Karen Creek Sandstone (Upper Triassic) through 19 outcrop localities in the northeastern Brooks Range. New organic and inorganic geochemical data from these localities support and extend our sedimentologic and petrographic findings. The petrographic data come from an analysis of more than 900 thin sections, whereas age constraints come mainly from species of the pelecypod genera Daonella, Halobia, Eomonotis, and Monotis. Thirteen sites make up a main outcrop belt within which facies of the Shublik are spatially consistent but show marked vertical changes. Six additional outcrops located south of the main belt contain more distal facies of the Shublik that accumulated farther from land.
Exposures of the Shublik Formation in its main outcrop belt are divisible into five informal lithologic units, each of which formed during a distinct transgressive to regressive sequence. The basal unit of the Shublik (Anisian? to Ladinian; Middle Triassic) is quartz siltstone to very fine grained sandstone that is locally phosphatic. The three middle units (Ladinian to middle Norian; Middle to Upper Triassic) contain various proportions of siliciclastic, carbonate, phosphatic, and organic material. The uppermost unit (middle to upper Norian; Upper Triassic) is mainly shale and mudstone. Highly phosphatic strata (10–34 percent phosphorus pentoxide) are chiefly Ladinian and lower to middle Norian. Highly phosphatic Ladinian strata have been transported, are granular, and formed during transgression and early regression. In contrast, highly phosphatic Norian strata include event beds and hardgrounds, contain displaced and in situ phosphate peloids and nodules, and cap regressive parasequences. The total organic content reaches 4.97 weight percent in the main belt and is highest in muddy beds, which are found mainly in the lower parts of the three middle units. Distal sections of the Shublik are typically finer grained, more organic-rich (total organic content as high as 6.33 weight percent), and less fossiliferous than those in the main belt.
Both temporal and spatial factors shaped facies in the Shublik Formation. Shublik strata accumulated at a time of reduced tectonic activity in Arctic Alaska, resulting in diminished siliciclastic input. Marine upwelling along the northwestern Laurentian margin facilitated the development of heterozoan carbonates, as well as local concentrations of phosphatic and organic matter. Large- and small-scale eustatic cycles also affected this margin and provided further controls on Shublik facies distribution.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1814H","programNote":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., Whidden, K.J., Rouse, W.A., and DeVera, C., 2024, Facies variation within outcrops of the Triassic Shublik Formation, northeastern Alaska, in Dumoulin, J.A., ed., Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, v. 15: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1814-H, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1814H.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 49 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"49","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-145417","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448141,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FAGE8O","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"Dumoulin, J.A., Whidden, K.J., Rouse, W.A., and DeVera, C., 2023, Geochemical data from selected Triassic rock samples in northeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FAGE8O.","linkHelpText":"Geochemical data from selected Triassic rock samples in northeastern Alaska"},{"id":448791,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1814/h/pp1814h.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":448790,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1814/h/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":497965,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_117493.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -166.77052015372473,\n 68.2773239828885\n ],\n [\n -140.1396607787249,\n 68.2773239828885\n ],\n [\n -140.1396607787249,\n 71.6150463599952\n ],\n [\n -166.77052015372473,\n 71.6150463599952\n ],\n [\n -166.77052015372473,\n 68.2773239828885\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Alaska Science Center staff
U.S. Geological Survey
4210 University Dr.
Anchorage, AK 99508
Alaska Mineral Resources
Alaska Science Center
Transitions between dry and wet hydrologic states are the defining characteristic of non-perennial rivers and streams, which constitute the majority of the global river network. Although past work has focused on stream drying characteristics, there has been less focus on how hydrology, ecology and biogeochemistry respond and interact during stream wetting. Wetting mechanisms are highly variable and can range from dramatic floods and debris flows to gradual saturation by upwelling groundwater. This variation in wetting affects ecological and biogeochemical functions, including nutrient processing, sediment transport and the assembly of biotic communities. Here we synthesize evidence describing the hydrological mechanisms underpinning different types of wetting regimes, the associated biogeochemical and organismal responses, and the potential scientific and management implications for downstream ecosystems. This combined multidisciplinary understanding of wetting dynamics in non-perennial streams will be key to predicting and managing for the effects of climate change on non-perennial ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00298-3","usgsCitation":"Adam N. Price, Zimmer, M.A., Anna J. Bergstrom, Amy J Burgin, Erin C. Seybold, Corey A. Krabbenhoft, Zipper, S., Busch, M.H., Dodds, W.K., Walters, A.W., Rogosch, J., Stubbington, R., Walker, R.H., Stegen, J.C., Thibault Datry, Messager, M.L., Olden, J., Godsey, S., Shanafield, M., Lytle, D.E., Burrows, R., Kaiser, K.E., Allen, G., Mims, M.C., Tonkin, J.D., Bogan, M., Hammond, J.C., Boersma, K., Myers-Pigg, A., DelVecchia, A., Allen, D., Yu, S., and Ward, A., 2024, Biogeochemical and community ecology responses to the wetting of non-perennial streams: Nature Water, v. 2, p. 815-826, https://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-024-00298-3.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"815","endPage":"826","ipdsId":"IP-155510","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04750033","text":"External Repository"},{"id":462708,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adam N. Price","contributorId":337487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adam N. Price","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmer, Margaret Ann 0000-0001-8287-1923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8287-1923","contributorId":337488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmer","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anna J. Bergstrom","contributorId":337489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anna J. Bergstrom","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amy J Burgin","contributorId":337490,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amy J Burgin","affiliations":[{"id":6773,"text":"University of Kansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Erin C. Seybold","contributorId":337492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erin C. Seybold","affiliations":[{"id":6773,"text":"University of Kansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Corey A. Krabbenhoft","contributorId":337495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corey A. Krabbenhoft","affiliations":[{"id":40126,"text":"University of Buffalo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zipper, Sam","contributorId":337500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zipper","given":"Sam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6773,"text":"University of Kansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Busch, Michelle H.","contributorId":337503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Busch","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7062,"text":"University of Oklahoma","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dodds, Walter K.","contributorId":337505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dodds","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Walters, Annika W. 0000-0002-8638-6682 awalters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-6682","contributorId":4190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Annika","email":"awalters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rogosch, Jane S.","contributorId":272290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogosch","given":"Jane S.","affiliations":[{"id":48533,"text":"ksu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Stubbington, Rachel","contributorId":340699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stubbington","given":"Rachel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Walker, Richard H 0000-0001-9167-5326","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9167-5326","contributorId":258781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"H","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Stegen, James C.","contributorId":255712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stegen","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":38914,"text":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Thibault Datry","contributorId":337511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thibault Datry","affiliations":[{"id":81025,"text":"INRAE, UR Riverly, FR.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Messager, Mathis L.","contributorId":340693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Messager","given":"Mathis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Olden, Julian 0000-0003-2143-1187","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2143-1187","contributorId":296007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olden","given":"Julian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Godsey, Sarah E","contributorId":223120,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Godsey","given":"Sarah E","affiliations":[{"id":38154,"text":"Idaho State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Shanafield, Margaret","contributorId":340706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shanafield","given":"Margaret","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Lytle, David E. dlytle@usgs.gov","contributorId":343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lytle","given":"David","email":"dlytle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":915325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Burrows, Ryan","contributorId":295995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burrows","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[{"id":13336,"text":"University of Melbourne","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Kaiser, Kendra E. 0000-0003-1773-6236","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1773-6236","contributorId":211475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaiser","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":38255,"text":"Boise State Unviersity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Allen, George H.","contributorId":257248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"George H.","affiliations":[{"id":51991,"text":"Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Mims, Meryl C.","contributorId":29253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mims","given":"Meryl","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Tonkin, Jonathan D.","contributorId":260624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tonkin","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Bogan, Michael","contributorId":345032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bogan","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Hammond, John Christopher 0000-0002-6241-3551","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6241-3551","contributorId":302952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Boersma, Kate 0000-0002-0707-3283","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-3283","contributorId":225167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boersma","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41063,"text":"Department of Biology, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA 92105, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Myers-Pigg, Allison","contributorId":224762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Myers-Pigg","given":"Allison","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38914,"text":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"DelVecchia, Amanda 0000-0003-4252-5991","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4252-5991","contributorId":225165,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DelVecchia","given":"Amanda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41061,"text":"Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, Polson, MT 59860","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Allen, Daniel C. 0000-0002-0451-0564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-0564","contributorId":225169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Daniel","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":41064,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman OK, 73019","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Yu, Songyan","contributorId":340707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yu","given":"Songyan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"Ward, Adam 0000-0002-6376-0061","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-0061","contributorId":296003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40154,"text":"Indiana University Bloomington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33}]}} ,{"id":70259288,"text":"70259288 - 2024 - Immunotoxic response of bio-based plastic on early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio): A safe alternative to petroleum-based plastics?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-03T14:17:03.327856","indexId":"70259288","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-19T09:12:45","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2331,"text":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Immunotoxic response of bio-based plastic on early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio): A safe alternative to petroleum-based plastics?","title":"Immunotoxic response of bio-based plastic on early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio): A safe alternative to petroleum-based plastics?","docAbstract":"Bio-based plastics are marketed as environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-based plastics, although they require specific composting conditions for degradation, which leads to their accumulation in the environment and potential risks to aquatic organisms. We hypothesized that the accumulation of bio-based plastics may induce immunotoxic responses in fish. Our research focused on the accumulation and immunotoxicity of 80 nm polylactic acid (PLA) and polystyrene (PS) (0.1–10 mg/L) on early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed for 7 days. Compared to PS, there was a higher accumulation of PLA in larvae. Exposure to PLA resulted in a significant increase in neutrophils and macrophages, while immune protein levels such as Complement 3 (C3), Immunoglobulin M (IgM), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly reduced. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tnf-α and il-6, were significantly elevated in PLA treatments. Additionally, PLA-exposed zebrafish were more susceptible to infection by Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Interestingly, at the same concentration, exposures to PS did not induce significant changes in macrophages or immune protein levels, C3 and IgM. This suggests that PLA has a greater immunotoxic response relative to PS. Our research findings contradict the popular belief that bio-based plastics are non-toxic and harmless, which may have potential risk to aquatic organisms.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135846","usgsCitation":"Cheng, H., Zou, Y., Lu, B., Wang, J., Xuan, R., Magnuson, J.T., Zheng, C., and Qiu, W., 2024, Immunotoxic response of bio-based plastic on early life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio): A safe alternative to petroleum-based plastics?: Journal of Hazardous Materials, v. 408, 135846, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135846.","productDescription":"135846, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-164515","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462536,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"408","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheng, Haodong","contributorId":344817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"Haodong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81428,"text":"Southern University of Science and Technology - China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zou, Yao","contributorId":340036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zou","given":"Yao","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81429,"text":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lu, Bin","contributorId":344862,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lu","given":"Bin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":914793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Jiazhen","contributorId":329836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Jiazhen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78727,"text":"Southern University of Science and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Xuan, Rongrong","contributorId":329834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xuan","given":"Rongrong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78725,"text":"Ningbo University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Magnuson, Jason Tyler 0000-0001-6841-8014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6841-8014","contributorId":329838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magnuson","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"Tyler","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zheng, Chunmiao","contributorId":214041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zheng","given":"Chunmiao","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16675,"text":"U Alabama","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Qiu, Wenhui","contributorId":334797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qiu","given":"Wenhui","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80251,"text":"Southern University of Science and Technology, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70259269,"text":"70259269 - 2024 - qPCR-based phytoplankton abundance and chlorophyll a: A multi-year study in twelve large freshwater rivers across the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-03T14:11:38.022539","indexId":"70259269","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-19T09:01:47","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"qPCR-based phytoplankton abundance and chlorophyll a: A multi-year study in twelve large freshwater rivers across the United States","title":"qPCR-based phytoplankton abundance and chlorophyll a: A multi-year study in twelve large freshwater rivers across the United States","docAbstract":"Phytoplankton overgrowth, which characterizes the eutrophication or trophic status of surface water bodies, threatens ecosystems and public health. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is promising for assessing the abundance and community composition of phytoplankton. However, applications of qPCR to indicate eutrophication and trophic status, especially in lotic systems, have yet to be comprehensively evaluated. For the first time, this study correlates qPCR-based phytoplankton abundance with chlorophyll a (the most widely used indicator of eutrophication and trophic status) in multiple freshwater rivers. From early summer to late fall in 2017, 2018, and 2019, we evaluated phytoplankton, chlorophyll a, pheophytin a, and the Trophic Level Index (TLI) in twelve large freshwater rivers in three regions (western, midcontinent, and eastern) in the United States. Chlorophyll a concentration had positive allometric correlations with qPCR-based phytoplankton abundance (adjusted R2 = 0.5437, p-value < 0.001), pheophytin a concentration (adjusted R2 = 0.3378, p-value <0.001), and TLI (adjusted R2 = 0.4789, p-value < 0.001). Thus, a greater phytoplankton abundance suggests a higher trophic status. This work also presents the numerical values of qPCR-based phytoplankton abundance defining the boundaries among trophic statuses (e.g., oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and eutrophic) of freshwater rivers. The sampling sites in the midcontinent rivers were more eutrophic because they had significantly higher chlorophyll a concentrations, pheophytin a concentrations, and TLI values than the sites in the western and eastern rivers. The higher phytoplankton abundance at the midcontinent sites confirmed their higher trophic status. By linking qPCR-based phytoplankton abundance to chlorophyll a, this study demonstrates that qPCR is a promising avenue to investigate the population dynamics of phytoplankton and the trophic status (or eutrophication) of freshwater rivers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175067","usgsCitation":"Zhang, C., McIntosh, K.D., Sienkiewicz, N., Stelzer, E., Graham, J.L., and Lu, J., 2024, qPCR-based phytoplankton abundance and chlorophyll a: A multi-year study in twelve large freshwater rivers across the United States: Science of the Total Environment, v. 954, 175067, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175067.","productDescription":"175067, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-164116","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12150573/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":462535,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Continental united States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n ],\n [\n -84.09185,\n 46.27542\n ],\n [\n -83.89077,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.61613,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.46955,\n 45.99469\n ],\n [\n -83.59285,\n 45.81689\n ],\n [\n -82.55092,\n 45.34752\n ],\n [\n -82.33776,\n 44.44\n ],\n [\n -82.13764,\n 43.57109\n ],\n [\n -82.43,\n 42.98\n ],\n [\n -82.9,\n 42.43\n ],\n [\n -83.12,\n 42.08\n ],\n [\n -83.142,\n 41.97568\n ],\n [\n -83.02981,\n 41.8328\n ],\n [\n -82.69009,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -82.43928,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -81.27775,\n 42.20903\n ],\n [\n -80.24745,\n 42.3662\n ],\n [\n -78.93936,\n 42.86361\n ],\n [\n -78.92,\n 42.965\n ],\n [\n -79.01,\n 43.27\n ],\n [\n -79.17167,\n 43.46634\n ],\n [\n -78.72028,\n 43.62509\n ],\n [\n -77.73789,\n 43.62906\n ],\n [\n -76.82003,\n 43.62878\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 44.01846\n ],\n [\n -76.375,\n 44.09631\n ],\n [\n -75.31821,\n 44.81645\n ],\n [\n -74.867,\n 45.00048\n ],\n [\n -73.34783,\n 45.00738\n ],\n [\n -71.50506,\n 45.0082\n ],\n [\n -71.405,\n 45.255\n ],\n [\n -71.08482,\n 45.30524\n ],\n [\n -70.66,\n 45.46\n ],\n [\n -70.305,\n 45.915\n ],\n [\n -69.99997,\n 46.69307\n ],\n [\n -69.23722,\n 47.44778\n ],\n [\n -68.905,\n 47.185\n ],\n [\n -68.23444,\n 47.35486\n ],\n [\n -67.79046,\n 47.06636\n ],\n [\n -67.79134,\n 45.70281\n ],\n [\n -67.13741,\n 45.13753\n ],\n [\n -66.96466,\n 44.8097\n ],\n [\n -68.03252,\n 44.3252\n ],\n [\n -69.06,\n 43.98\n ],\n [\n -70.11617,\n 43.68405\n ],\n [\n -70.64548,\n 43.09024\n ],\n [\n -70.81489,\n 42.8653\n ],\n [\n -70.825,\n 42.335\n ],\n [\n -70.495,\n 41.805\n ],\n [\n -70.08,\n 41.78\n ],\n [\n -70.185,\n 42.145\n ],\n [\n -69.88497,\n 41.92283\n ],\n [\n -69.96503,\n 41.63717\n ],\n [\n -70.64,\n 41.475\n ],\n [\n -71.12039,\n 41.49445\n ],\n [\n -71.86,\n 41.32\n ],\n [\n -72.295,\n 41.27\n ],\n [\n -72.87643,\n 41.22065\n ],\n [\n -73.71,\n 40.9311\n ],\n [\n -72.24126,\n 41.11948\n ],\n [\n -71.945,\n 40.93\n ],\n [\n -73.345,\n 40.63\n ],\n [\n -73.982,\n 40.628\n ],\n [\n -73.95232,\n 40.75075\n ],\n [\n -74.25671,\n 40.47351\n ],\n [\n -73.96244,\n 40.42763\n ],\n [\n -74.17838,\n 39.70926\n ],\n [\n -74.90604,\n 38.93954\n ],\n [\n -74.98041,\n 39.1964\n ],\n [\n -75.20002,\n 39.24845\n ],\n [\n -75.52805,\n 39.4985\n ],\n [\n -75.32,\n 38.96\n ],\n [\n -75.07183,\n 38.78203\n ],\n [\n -75.05673,\n 38.40412\n ],\n [\n -75.37747,\n 38.01551\n ],\n [\n -75.94023,\n 37.21689\n ],\n [\n -76.03127,\n 37.2566\n ],\n [\n -75.72205,\n 37.93705\n ],\n [\n -76.23287,\n 38.31921\n ],\n [\n -76.35,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -76.54272,\n 38.71762\n ],\n [\n -76.32933,\n 38.08326\n ],\n [\n -76.99,\n 38.23999\n ],\n [\n -76.30162,\n 37.91794\n ],\n [\n -76.25874,\n 36.9664\n ],\n [\n -75.9718,\n 36.89726\n ],\n [\n -75.86804,\n 36.55125\n ],\n [\n -75.72749,\n 35.55074\n ],\n [\n -76.36318,\n 34.80854\n ],\n [\n -77.39763,\n 34.51201\n ],\n [\n -78.05496,\n 33.92547\n ],\n [\n -78.55435,\n 33.86133\n ],\n [\n -79.06067,\n 33.49395\n ],\n [\n -79.20357,\n 33.15839\n ],\n [\n -80.30132,\n 32.50935\n ],\n [\n -80.86498,\n 32.0333\n ],\n [\n -81.33629,\n 31.44049\n ],\n [\n -81.49042,\n 30.72999\n ],\n [\n -81.31371,\n 30.03552\n ],\n [\n -80.98,\n 29.18\n ],\n [\n -80.53558,\n 28.47213\n ],\n [\n -80.53,\n 28.04\n ],\n [\n -80.05654,\n 26.88\n ],\n [\n -80.08801,\n 26.20576\n ],\n [\n -80.13156,\n 25.81677\n ],\n [\n -80.38103,\n 25.20616\n ],\n [\n -80.68,\n 25.08\n ],\n [\n -81.17213,\n 25.20126\n ],\n [\n -81.33,\n 25.64\n ],\n [\n -81.71,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -82.24,\n 26.73\n ],\n [\n -82.70515,\n 27.49504\n ],\n [\n -82.85526,\n 27.88624\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.55\n ],\n [\n -82.93,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -83.70959,\n 29.93656\n ],\n [\n -84.1,\n 30.09\n ],\n [\n -85.10882,\n 29.63615\n ],\n [\n -85.28784,\n 29.68612\n ],\n [\n -85.7731,\n 30.15261\n ],\n [\n -86.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -87.53036,\n 30.27433\n ],\n [\n -88.41782,\n 30.3849\n ],\n [\n -89.18049,\n 30.31598\n ],\n [\n -89.59383,\n 30.15999\n ],\n [\n -89.41373,\n 29.89419\n ],\n [\n -89.43,\n 29.48864\n ],\n [\n -89.21767,\n 29.29108\n ],\n [\n -89.40823,\n 29.15961\n ],\n [\n -89.77928,\n 29.30714\n ],\n [\n -90.15463,\n 29.11743\n ],\n [\n -90.88022,\n 29.14854\n ],\n [\n -91.62678,\n 29.677\n ],\n [\n -92.49906,\n 29.5523\n ],\n [\n -93.22637,\n 29.78375\n ],\n [\n -93.84842,\n 29.71363\n ],\n [\n -94.69,\n 29.48\n ],\n [\n -95.60026,\n 28.73863\n ],\n [\n -96.59404,\n 28.30748\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 27.83\n ],\n [\n -97.37,\n 27.38\n ],\n [\n -97.38,\n 26.69\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 26.21\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -97.53,\n 25.84\n ],\n [\n -98.24,\n 26.06\n ],\n [\n -99.02,\n 26.37\n ],\n [\n -99.3,\n 26.84\n ],\n [\n -99.52,\n 27.54\n ],\n [\n -100.11,\n 28.11\n ],\n [\n -100.45584,\n 28.69612\n ],\n [\n -100.9576,\n 29.38071\n ],\n [\n -101.6624,\n 29.7793\n ],\n [\n -102.48,\n 29.76\n ],\n [\n -103.11,\n 28.97\n ],\n [\n -103.94,\n 29.27\n ],\n [\n -104.45697,\n 29.57196\n ],\n [\n -104.70575,\n 30.12173\n ],\n [\n -105.03737,\n 30.64402\n ],\n [\n -105.63159,\n 31.08383\n ],\n [\n -106.1429,\n 31.39995\n ],\n [\n -106.50759,\n 31.75452\n ],\n [\n -108.24,\n 31.75485\n ],\n [\n -108.24194,\n 31.34222\n ],\n [\n -109.035,\n 31.34194\n ],\n [\n -111.02361,\n 31.33472\n ],\n [\n -113.30498,\n 32.03914\n ],\n [\n -114.815,\n 32.52528\n ],\n [\n -114.72139,\n 32.72083\n ],\n [\n -115.99135,\n 32.61239\n ],\n [\n -117.12776,\n 32.53534\n ],\n [\n -117.29594,\n 33.04622\n ],\n [\n -117.944,\n 33.62124\n ],\n [\n -118.4106,\n 33.74091\n ],\n [\n -118.51989,\n 34.02778\n ],\n [\n -119.081,\n 34.078\n ],\n [\n -119.43884,\n 34.34848\n ],\n [\n -120.36778,\n 34.44711\n ],\n [\n -120.62286,\n 34.60855\n ],\n [\n -120.74433,\n 35.15686\n ],\n [\n -121.71457,\n 36.16153\n ],\n [\n -122.54747,\n 37.55176\n ],\n [\n -122.51201,\n 37.78339\n ],\n [\n -122.95319,\n 38.11371\n ],\n [\n -123.7272,\n 38.95166\n ],\n [\n -123.86517,\n 39.76699\n ],\n [\n -124.39807,\n 40.3132\n ],\n [\n -124.17886,\n 41.14202\n ],\n [\n -124.2137,\n 41.99964\n ],\n [\n -124.53284,\n 42.76599\n ],\n [\n -124.14214,\n 43.70838\n ],\n [\n -124.02053,\n 44.6159\n ],\n [\n -123.89893,\n 45.52341\n ],\n [\n -124.07963,\n 46.86475\n ],\n [\n -124.39567,\n 47.72017\n ],\n [\n -124.68721,\n 48.18443\n ],\n [\n -124.5661,\n 48.37971\n ],\n [\n -123.12,\n 48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"954","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Chiqian","contributorId":317281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Chiqian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68989,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Sciences and Engineering, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntosh, Kyle D.","contributorId":317282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntosh","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":68990,"text":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Research and Development, Oakridge, TN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sienkiewicz, N.","contributorId":302527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sienkiewicz","given":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":65484,"text":"USEPA Office of Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stelzer, Erin A. 0000-0001-7645-7603","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-7603","contributorId":220549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stelzer","given":"Erin A.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6420-9335 jlgraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-9335","contributorId":1769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lu, Jingrang","contributorId":288917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lu","given":"Jingrang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70274209,"text":"70274209 - 2024 - Naturalized species drive functional trait shifts in plant communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-13T14:04:52.929196","indexId":"70274209","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-19T09:00:32","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Naturalized species drive functional trait shifts in plant communities","docAbstract":"Despite decades of research documenting the consequences of naturalized and invasive plant species on ecosystem functions, our understanding of the functional underpinnings of these changes remains rudimentary. This is partially due to ineffective scaling of trait differences between native and naturalized species to whole plant communities. Working with data from over 75,000 plots and over 5,500 species from across the United States, we show that changes in the functional composition of communities associated with increasing abundance of naturalized species mirror the differences in traits between native and naturalized plants. We find that communities with greater abundance of naturalized species are more resource acquisitive aboveground and belowground, shorter, more shallowly rooted, and increasingly aligned with an independent strategy for belowground resource acquisition via thin fine roots with high specific root length. We observe shifts toward herbaceous-dominated communities but shifts within both woody and herbaceous functional groups follow community-level patterns for most traits. Patterns are remarkably similar across desert, grassland, and forest ecosystems. Our results demonstrate that the establishment and spread of naturalized species, likely in combination with underlying environmental shifts, leads to predictable and consistent changes in community-level traits that can alter ecosystem functions.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2403120121","usgsCitation":"Garbowski, M., McLaughlin, D.L., Blumenthal, D.M., Sofaer, H., Barnett, D., Beaury, E.M., Buonaiuto, D., Corbin, J., Dukes, J., Early, R., Nebhut, A., Petri, L., Vila, M., and Pearse, I., 2024, Naturalized species drive functional trait shifts in plant communities: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 121, no. 40, e2403120121, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2403120121.","productDescription":"e2403120121, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160167","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501357,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2403120121","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garbowski, Magda","contributorId":261595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garbowski","given":"Magda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13099,"text":"German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McLaughlin, Daniel L.","contributorId":156435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":957024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blumenthal, Dana M.","contributorId":203896,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blumenthal","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36745,"text":"USDA-ARS Rangeland Resources Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sofaer, Helen 0000-0002-9450-5223","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-5223","contributorId":216681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sofaer","given":"Helen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barnett, David","contributorId":174944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnett","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":957027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beaury, Evelyn M.","contributorId":236820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beaury","given":"Evelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":957028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Buonaiuto, Daniel","contributorId":367198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buonaiuto","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":83212,"text":"U Mass","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Corbin, Jeff","contributorId":302406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corbin","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":65470,"text":"Union College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dukes, Jeffrey","contributorId":299987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dukes","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Early, Regan","contributorId":236832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Early","given":"Regan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":957088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nebhut, Andrea","contributorId":346125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nebhut","given":"Andrea","affiliations":[{"id":41644,"text":"Stanford U","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Petri, Lais","contributorId":302405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petri","given":"Lais","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":65469,"text":"U Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Vila, Montserrat","contributorId":236834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vila","given":"Montserrat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":957034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Pearse, Ian S. 0000-0001-7098-0495","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-0495","contributorId":211154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70259292,"text":"70259292 - 2024 - Evaluating a process-guided deep learning approach for predicting dissolved oxygen in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-03T13:42:22.479607","indexId":"70259292","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-19T08:39:18","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating a process-guided deep learning approach for predicting dissolved oxygen in streams","docAbstract":"Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a critical water quality constituent that governs habitat suitability for aquatic biota, biogeochemical reactions and solubility of metals in streams. Recently introduced high-frequency sensors have increased our ability to measure DO, but we still lack the capacity to understand and predict DO concentrations at high spatial resolutions or in unmonitored locations. Machine learning (ML) has been a commonly used approach for modelling DO, however, conventional ML models have no representation of the limnological processes governing DO dynamics. Here we implement and evaluate two process-guided deep learning (PGDL) approaches for predicting daily minimum, mean and maximum DO concentrations in rivers from the Delaware River Basin, USA. In both cases, a multi-task approach was taken in which the PGDL models predicted stream metabolism and gas exchange rates in addition to the DO concentrations themselves. Our results showed that for these sites, the PGDL approaches did not improve upon baseline predictions in temporal and spatially similar holdout experiments. One of the approaches did, however, improve predictions when applied to spatially dissimilar sites. Although this particular PGDL approach did not improve predictive accuracy in most cases, our results suggest that process guidance, perhaps a more constrained approach, could benefit a data-driven DO model.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.15270","usgsCitation":"Sadler, J., Koenig, L.E., Gorski, G., Carter, A.M., and Hall, R.O., 2024, Evaluating a process-guided deep learning approach for predicting dissolved oxygen in streams: Hydrological Processes, v. 38, no. 9, e15270, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.15270.","productDescription":"e15270, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158066","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.15270","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":462530,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sadler, Jeffrey M 0000-0001-8776-4844","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8776-4844","contributorId":302989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sadler","given":"Jeffrey M","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koenig, Lauren Elizabeth 0000-0002-7790-330X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-330X","contributorId":295259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gorski, Galen 0000-0003-0083-4251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0083-4251","contributorId":329714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorski","given":"Galen","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carter, Alice M. 0000-0002-7225-7249","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7225-7249","contributorId":298702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carter","given":"Alice","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hall, Robert O. Jr.","contributorId":203473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70258497,"text":"sir20245079 - 2024 - Geomorphic change, hydrology, and hydraulics of Caulks Creek, Wildwood, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-23T22:25:56.752501","indexId":"sir20245079","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-18T10:40:07","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2024-5079","displayTitle":"Geomorphic Change, Hydrology, and Hydraulics of Caulks Creek, Wildwood, Missouri","title":"Geomorphic change, hydrology, and hydraulics of Caulks Creek, Wildwood, Missouri","docAbstract":"Caulks Creek is a small stream that flows through the city of Wildwood in western St. Louis County, Missouri. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the city of Wildwood, has documented historical and recent geomorphic change along Caulks Creek, simulated the hydrologic and hydraulic response of Caulks Creek to a variety of design storm scenarios, and simulated bank retreat resulting from fluvial erosion and mass failure processes.
Six study reaches were selected for monitoring geomorphic change based on known locations of erosion issues documented by the city of Wildwood. Recent short-term rates and patterns of geomorphic change in the study reaches, with a focus on bank retreat, were determined from repeat terrestrial light detection and ranging surveys and field observations of the six study reaches. Historical aerial photographs of the study reaches were analyzed to determine long-term rates of bank retreat and channel widening. In general, rapid bank retreat and widening was observed at the outer banks of meander bends and where banks are unforested. Short-term bank retreat varied substantially within individual study reaches, across the study area, and during the study period from no change to as much as 16 feet of retreat between consecutive surveys (5 to 8 months). The field surveys and visual observations indicated that bank retreat occurs episodically owing to a combination of fluvial erosion and mass failure processes, as well as freezing and thawing cycles. Long-term rates of bank retreat ranged from 0.6 to 4.4 feet per year.
Hydrologic and hydraulic models of Caulks Creek were used to quantify the peak, volume, and timing of the flow response and the spatial distribution of hydraulic drivers of erosion (velocity and shear stress) along Caulks Creek for design storm scenarios that represent current (as of this publication) and projected future climate. The projected climate conditions resulted in higher peak flows compared to current conditions, including 6 to 21 percent for the year 2050 and 10 to 42 percent for the year 2099 at the downstream end of the study area. Additionally, for a given design storm, projected climate change is predicted to result in faster flows with greater shear stress, as well as more within-stream variability in velocity and shear stress. Many factors affect the velocity and shear stress at a given location, but in general, somewhat fast velocities and high shear stresses tended to occur where the channel is relatively narrow and straight. The velocity and shear stress in the study reaches (known areas of widening and bank retreat) were not particularly high, at least in part owing to the relatively large widths and high sinuosity of the present-day channel in these reaches.
The potential mitigating effect of adding runoff storage to the basin also was examined for a selection of design storm scenarios. Additional runoff storage was more effective at mitigating peak flows and total runoff volumes for higher-frequency, lower-intensity storms than for lower-frequency, higher-intensity storms. The additional storage also resulted in an overall reduction in velocity (by as much as 28 percent) and shear stress (by as much as 40 percent) in the study area. However, the effect of the additional storage on peak flows, total runoff volumes, velocity, and shear stress decreased with distance downstream through the study area. For the simulated scenarios, added runoff storage was effective at mitigating the increases in peak flows, total runoff volumes, velocity, and shear stress caused by projected climate change.
Lastly, the bank stability and toe erosion model (BSTEM) was used to predict bank erosion and potential bank failure surfaces at five locations along Caulks Creek for a selection of design storm scenarios. The lower-frequency, higher-magnitude design storms resulted in more bank retreat than the higher-frequency, lower-magnitude design storms, though the magnitude of the difference was site dependent. Although scenarios with additional storage were not directly simulated in BSTEM, it is likely that the additional storage would result in reduced bank retreat compared to the same design storm with existing storage, based on the hydraulic modeling results for scenarios with added runoff storage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245079","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wildwood","usgsCitation":"LeRoy, J.Z., Heimann, D.C., Hix, K.D., Cigrand, C.V., and Burk, T.J., 2024, Geomorphic change, hydrology, and hydraulics of Caulks Creek, Wildwood, Missouri (ver. 1.1, November 2024): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5079, 118 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245079.","productDescription":"Report: x, 118 p.; 4 Data Releases; 2 Datasets","numberOfPages":"132","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-136190","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497919,"rank":13,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_117492.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":463779,"rank":12,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5079/versionHist.txt","size":"1 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":434867,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P138PRQL","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Topographic and bank erosion pin data used in monitoring of bank erosion in Caulks Creek, Wildwood, Missouri, 2022–23"},{"id":434866,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PBF12F","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Archive of hydrologic and hydraulic models used in the simulation of hydraulic characteristics of Caulks Creek, Wildwood, Missouri"},{"id":434865,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KZCM54","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2019 products (ver. 2.0, June 2021)"},{"id":434864,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20245079/full"},{"id":434862,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5079/images/"},{"id":434861,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5079/sir20245079.XML"},{"id":434870,"rank":11,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/rainfall/","text":"Iowa State University, Iowa Environmental Mesonet","linkHelpText":"- MRMS estimates—GIS raster in ERDAS imagine (.IMG) format"},{"id":434869,"rank":10,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"- USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":434868,"rank":9,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9STTC43","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Archive of Bank Stability and Toe Erosion Model (BSTEM) simulations of Caulks Creek, Wildwood, Missouri"},{"id":463778,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5079/sir20245079.pdf","text":"Report","size":"28.4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2024–5079"},{"id":434859,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5079/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"Wildwood","otherGeospatial":"Caulks Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.5,\n 38.66\n ],\n [\n -90.66,\n 38.66\n ],\n [\n -90.66,\n 38.5667\n ],\n [\n -90.5,\n 38.5667\n ],\n [\n -90.5,\n 38.66\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: September 18, 2024; Version 1.1: November 7, 2024","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 North Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
Many sampling and analytical methods can estimate the abundance, distributions, and diversity of birds and other wildlife. However, challenges with sample size and analytical capacity can make these methods difficult to implement for resource-limited monitoring programs. To apprise efficient and attainable sampling designs for landbird monitoring programs with limited observational data, we used breeding season bird point survey data collected in 2016 at four forest restoration sites in Indiana, USA. We evaluated three subsets of observed species richness, total possibly breeding landbirds, Partners in Flight Regional Conservation Concern (PIF RCC) landbirds, and interior forest specialists (IFSs). Simulated surveys based on field data were used to conduct Bayesian Michaelis–Menten curve analyses estimating observed species as a function of sampling effort. On comparing simulated survey sets with multiple habitat types versus those with one habitat, we found that those with multiple habitat types had estimated 39%–83% greater observed PIF RCC species richness and required 41%–55% fewer visits per point to observe an equivalent proportion of PIF RCC species. Even with multiple habitats in a survey set, the number of visits per point required to detect 50% of observable species was 30% higher for PIF RCC species than for total breeding landbird species. Low detection rates of IFS species at two field sites made precise estimation of required effort to observe these species difficult. However, qualitatively, we found that only sites containing mature forest fragments had detections of several bird species designated as high-confidence IFS species. Our results suggest that deriving specialized species diversity metrics from point survey data can add value when interpreting those data. Additionally, designing studies to collect these metrics may require explicitly planning to visit multiple habitat types at a monitoring site and increasing the number of visits per survey point.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC)","doi":"10.1002/ieam.4992","usgsCitation":"West, B.M., Wildhaber, M.L., Green, N., Isanhart, J.P., McDonald, M.V., and Hooper, M.J., 2024, Survey effort and targeted landbird community metrics at Indiana lowland forest restoration sites: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 20, no. 6, p. 1954-1968, https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.4992.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1954","endPage":"1968","ipdsId":"IP-162838","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466915,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.4992","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":462539,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United states","state":"Indiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.80841403476583,\n 41.70269553238268\n ],\n [\n -85.51779658461292,\n 41.70269553238268\n ],\n [\n -85.51779658461292,\n 40.65644275296981\n ],\n [\n -84.80841403476583,\n 40.65644275296981\n ],\n [\n -84.80841403476583,\n 41.70269553238268\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"West, Benjamin M 0000-0001-8355-0013","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8355-0013","contributorId":298588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wildhaber, Mark L. 0000-0002-6538-9083 mwildhaber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-9083","contributorId":1386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildhaber","given":"Mark","email":"mwildhaber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, Nicholas S.","contributorId":301918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Green","given":"Nicholas S.","affiliations":[{"id":65362,"text":"Kennesaw State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Isanhart, John P.","contributorId":201904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Isanhart","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36287,"text":"USDOI Office of Restoration and Damage Assessment, Denver, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McDonald, M. Victoria","contributorId":344823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Victoria","affiliations":[{"id":16964,"text":"University of Central Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hooper, Michael J.","contributorId":344824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hooper","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":78382,"text":"formerly Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70261036,"text":"70261036 - 2024 - Free-roaming horses exceeding appropriate management levels affect multiple vital rates in greater sage-grouse","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-20T16:36:32.058606","indexId":"70261036","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-18T09:29:10","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":16872,"text":"The Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Free-roaming horses exceeding appropriate management levels affect multiple vital rates in greater sage-grouse","docAbstract":"Since the passage of the Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act of 1971, federal agencies have been responsible for managing free-roaming equids in the United States. Over the last 20 years, management has been hampered by direct opposition from advocacy groups, budget limitations, and a decline in the public’s willingness to adopt free-roaming horses (Equus caballus). As a result, free-roaming equid numbers have increased to more than 3 times the targeted goal of 26,785 (horses and burros [E. asinus] combined), the cumulative sum of the Appropriate Management Levels (AML) for all 177 designated Herd Management Areas (HMA) managed by the Bureau of Land Management. Recent research in the Great Basin has implicated these increases as one of the drivers of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) population declines, due to habitat impacts exacerbated by ongoing drought conditions. To evaluate potential demographic mechanisms driving these declines, we compiled survival data from 4 studies in central Wyoming, USA, including 995 adult female (first year breeders or older) sage-grouse during the breeding season, 1,075 nests, 372 broods, and 136 juveniles (i.e., overwinter survival for fledged young), across a 15-year window (2008–2022). During this period, we also obtained population information for free-roaming horses from 9 HMAs used by individual grouse in our sample. Population estimates of free-roaming horses for these HMAs ranged from 59–700% of the maximum appropriate management level (AMLmax). Sage-grouse monitored outside of HMAs represented control populations and, because we assumed they were not exposed to populations of free-roaming horses, values of AMLmax were set to zero for all grouse located outside of HMAs. To evaluate whether free-roaming horses were negatively impacting sage-grouse, we modeled daily survival of breeding age females, nest, broods, and juveniles. We found strong or moderate evidence that overabundant free-roaming horses negatively impacted nest, brood, and juvenile survival. When horse abundance increased to 300% from 100% of AMLmax, survival was reduced 8.1%, 18.3%, 18.2%, and 18.2% for nests, early broods (≤20 days after hatch), late broods (>20 days to 35 days after hatch), and juveniles, respectively. These results indicate increasing free-roaming horse numbers affected vital rates for critical life stages of sage-grouse, and that maintaining free-roaming horse numbers below AMLmax would minimize impacts to sage-grouse populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22669","usgsCitation":"Beck, J.L., Milligan, M.C., Smith, K.T., Street, P.A., Pratt, A., Kirol, C., Wanner, C.P., Hennig, J., Dinkins, J.B., Scasta, J., and Coates, P.S., 2024, Free-roaming horses exceeding appropriate management levels affect multiple vital rates in greater sage-grouse: The Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 88, no. 8, e22669, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22669.","productDescription":"e22669, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158430","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466917,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22669","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":464351,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"central Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.76404584883801,\n 45.00894978646329\n ],\n [\n -108.76404584883801,\n 41.00286067723664\n ],\n [\n -106.07539742191324,\n 41.00286067723664\n ],\n [\n -106.07539742191324,\n 45.00894978646329\n ],\n [\n -108.76404584883801,\n 45.00894978646329\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beck, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":287806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beck","given":"Jeffrey","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12729,"text":"UW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milligan, Megan C. 0000-0001-8466-7803","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8466-7803","contributorId":296042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milligan","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":918989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Kurt T.","contributorId":204975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Street, Phillip A.","contributorId":346426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Street","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pratt, Aaron C.","contributorId":346427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pratt","given":"Aaron C.","affiliations":[{"id":82865,"text":"George Miksch Sutton Avian Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kirol, Christopher P.","contributorId":49723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirol","given":"Christopher P.","affiliations":[{"id":12785,"text":"Big Horn Environmental Consultants","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wanner, Caitlyn P.","contributorId":346428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wanner","given":"Caitlyn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hennig, Jacob D.","contributorId":333094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hennig","given":"Jacob D.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dinkins, Jonathan B.","contributorId":177565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dinkins","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":918996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Scasta, J. Derek","contributorId":346429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scasta","given":"J. Derek","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":918998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70262862,"text":"70262862 - 2024 - Paleosols in loess deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-27T15:30:37.831688","indexId":"70262862","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-18T09:28:30","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Paleosols in loess deposits","docAbstract":"Paleosols, in loess or other deposits, are soils of the past. Three types can be recognized, buried, exhumed (once buried, but now at the surface), and relict (not buried, but formed under a different environment in the past). In loess deposits, paleosols have stratigraphic significance as they represent times of minimal or no loess accumulation. In many parts of the world, loess-derived paleosols mark interglacial periods, but in other regions, loess accumulation and soil formation are competing processes that occur together during both glacial and interglacial periods. Identification of paleosols within loess sequences can be accomplished by recognition of soil morphological properties (A and B horizons), zones of pedogenic clay accumulation, zones of carbonate loss (humid regions) or carbonate gain (arid regions), distinct phosphorus depth functions, and magnetic properties. Once recognized, paleosols can serve not only as valuable stratigraphic markers, but can help in reconstructing past environmental conditions, particularly climate and vegetation. Such goals can be accomplished by determination of degree of chemical weathering in paleosols from chemistry and mineralogy, carbon isotopic composition of paleosol organic matter, phytoliths, and magnetic properties.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Quaternary sciences, 3rd edition","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-323-99931-1.00163-X","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D.R., 2024, Paleosols in loess deposits, chap. of Encyclopedia of Quaternary sciences, 3rd edition, p. 529-554, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-99931-1.00163-X.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"529","endPage":"554","ipdsId":"IP-152114","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481264,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Elias, Scott A.","contributorId":111874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":925165,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":1857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":925063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70259213,"text":"70259213 - 2024 - Large eddy simulation of cross-shore hydrodynamics under random waves in the inner surf and swash zones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-02T13:50:35.698045","indexId":"70259213","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-18T08:45:38","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7159,"text":"JGR Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large eddy simulation of cross-shore hydrodynamics under random waves in the inner surf and swash zones","docAbstract":"A 3D large eddy simulation coupled with a free surface tracking scheme was used to simulate cross-shore hydrodynamics as observed in a large wave flume experiment. The primary objective was to enhance the understanding of wave-backwash interactions and the implications for observed morphodynamics. Two simulation cases were carried out to elucidate key processes of wave-backwash interactions across two distinct stages: berm erosion and sandbar formation, during the early portion of a modeled storm. The major difference between the two cases was the bathymetry: one featuring a berm without a sandbar (Case I), and the other, featuring a sandbar without a berm (Case II) at similar water depth. Good agreement (overall Willmott's index of agreement greater than 0.8) between simulations and measured data in free surface elevation, wave spectrum, and flow velocities validated the model skill. The findings indicated that the bottom shear stress, represented by the Shields parameter, was significant in both cases, potentially contributing substantial sediment transport. Notably, the occurrence of intense wave-backwash interactions were more frequent in the absence of a sandbar. These intense wave-backwash interactions resulted in a pronounced horizontal pressure gradient, quantified by high Sleath parameters, exceeding the criteria for momentary bed failure. Additionally, a more vigorous turbulence-bed interaction, characterized by near-bed turbulent kinetic energy, was observed in the case lacking a sandbar, potentially augmenting sediment suspension. These insights are pivotal in understanding the mechanisms underlying berm erosion and how sandbar formation serves to protect further beach erosion.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024JC021194","usgsCitation":"Tsai, B., Hsu, T., Lee, S., Pontiki, M., Puleo, J.A., and Wengrove, M.E., 2024, Large eddy simulation of cross-shore hydrodynamics under random waves in the inner surf and swash zones: JGR Oceans, v. 129, no. 9, e2024JC021194, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JC021194.","productDescription":"e2024JC021194, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-161868","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1029/2024jc021194","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":462479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"129","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tsai, Benjamin 0000-0002-2176-9295","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2176-9295","contributorId":344670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsai","given":"Benjamin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hsu, Tian-Jian 0000-0002-8473-3441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8473-3441","contributorId":344671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hsu","given":"Tian-Jian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Seok-Bong 0000-0002-4741-6922","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4741-6922","contributorId":344673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Seok-Bong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38697,"text":"University of Southern Mississippi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pontiki, Maria 0000-0001-7782-8218","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7782-8218","contributorId":344676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pontiki","given":"Maria","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Puleo, Jack A. 0000-0002-2889-5956","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2889-5956","contributorId":344679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Puleo","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wengrove, Meagan E. 0000-0001-7391-8574","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-8574","contributorId":344682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wengrove","given":"Meagan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70258630,"text":"70258630 - 2024 - Ambient flow and transport in long-screened, sand-packed wells: Insights into cross contamination and wellbore flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-26T14:10:08.54514","indexId":"70258630","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-18T08:36:33","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1534,"text":"Environmental Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ambient flow and transport in long-screened, sand-packed wells: Insights into cross contamination and wellbore flow","docAbstract":"The presence of long-screened wells with a surrounding sand pack can have a major effect on the redistribution of contaminants in groundwater, particularly when the wells are set in low-hydraulic conductivity aquifers. Such redistribution, or cross contamination, can occur through vertical flow and advective transport or by in-well mixing via multiple non-advective transport processes. A multi-method approach, including the use of single borehole dilution tracer (SBDT) logging, was undertaken to estimate vertical transport of trichloroethylene (TCE) in 8 discontinued remedial extraction wells, all constructed with long screens (100 ft, or 30.6 m long) and surrounding sand packs, at Site 25, Edwards Air Force Base, California. The site is within an enclosed drainage basin that is underlain primarily by quartz-monzonite-granitic rocks in various states of weathering. Prior to this study, little information was available on the depths of fracture zones intersecting the wellbores. Results indicate that because of in-well mixing processes, a potential redistribution of TCE of up to 9 g/d per well occurs as a consequence of leaving the wells inactive (unpumped) and unsealed, as measured by SBDT logging. Simulations of flow made with a generic model of the site show that if the wells were to be sealed with well liners, with the intent of reducing vertical TCE transport but the sand pack left intact, TCE transport decreases by 53% overall compared to leaving the wells unlined.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-11828-3","usgsCitation":"Harte, P., Ely, C.P., Teague, N.F., Fenton, N.C., and Brown, A.A., 2024, Ambient flow and transport in long-screened, sand-packed wells: Insights into cross contamination and wellbore flow: Environmental Earth Sciences, v. 83, 550, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-024-11828-3.","productDescription":"550","ipdsId":"IP-106170","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462280,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harte, Philip 0000-0002-7718-1204","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-1204","contributorId":222856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harte","given":"Philip","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":913446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ely, Christopher Palumbo 0000-0003-0580-2654","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0580-2654","contributorId":344316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"Palumbo","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":913447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Teague, Nicholas F. 0000-0001-5289-1210 nteague@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5289-1210","contributorId":2145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teague","given":"Nicholas","email":"nteague@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":913448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fenton, Nicole C. 0000-0002-8220-7181","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8220-7181","contributorId":214992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenton","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":913449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, Anthony A. 0000-0001-9925-0197","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9925-0197","contributorId":219711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":913450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70266256,"text":"70266256 - 2024 - Estimating ungulate migration corridors from sparse movement data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-02T16:12:23.98921","indexId":"70266256","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating ungulate migration corridors from sparse movement data","docAbstract":"Many ungulates migrate between distinct summer and winter ranges, and identifying, mapping, and conserving these migration corridors have become a focus of local, regional, and global conservation efforts. Brownian bridge movement models (BBMMs) are commonly used to empirically identify these seasonal migration corridors; however, they require location data sampled at relatively frequent intervals to obtain a robust estimate of an animal’s movement path. Fitting BBMMs to sparse location data violates the assumption of conditional random movement between successive locations, overestimating the area (and width) of a migration corridor when creating individual and population-level occurrence distributions, and precluding the use of low-frequency, or sparse, data in mapping migration corridors. In an effort to expand the utility of BBMMs to include sparse global positioning system (GPS) data, we propose an alternative approach to model migration corridors from sparse GPS data. We demonstrate this method using GPS data collected every 2 hours from four mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and four elk (Cervus canadensis) herds within Wyoming and Idaho. First, we used BBMMs to estimate a baseline corridor for the 2-hour data. We then subsampled the 2-hour data to one location every 12 hours (a proxy for sparse data) and fitted BBMMs to the 12-hour data using a fixed motion variance (FMV) value, instead of estimating the Brownian motion variance empirically. A range of FMV values was tested to identify the value that best approximated the baseline migration corridor. FMV values within a species-specific range (mule deer: 400–1,200 m2; elk: 600–1,600 m2) successfully delineated migration corridors similar to the 2-hour baseline corridors; overall, lower values delineated narrower corridors and higher values delineated wider corridors. Optimal FMV values of 800 m2 (mule deer) and 1,000 m2 (elk) decreased the inflation of the 12-hour corridors relative to the 2-hour corridors from traditional BBMMs. This FMV approach thus enables using sparse movement data to approximate realistic migration corridor dimensions, providing an important alternative when movement data are collected infrequently. This approach greatly expands the number of datasets that can be used for migration corridor mapping—a useful tool for management and conservation across the globe.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4983","usgsCitation":"McKee, J., Fattebert, J., Aikens, E., Berg, J., Bergen, S., Cole, E., Copeland, H., Courtemanch, A., Dewey, S., Hurley, M., Lowrey, B., Merkle, J., Middleton, A., Nuñez, T., Sawyer, H., and Kauffman, M., 2024, Estimating ungulate migration corridors from sparse movement data: Ecosphere, v. 15, no. 9, e4983, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4983.","productDescription":"e4983, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-167030","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4983","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.33916004013797,\n 45.809295752095494\n ],\n [\n -115.33916004013797,\n 42.0035280422488\n ],\n [\n -109.18324714693576,\n 42.085633305856305\n ],\n [\n -108.93590679535394,\n 43.30402947034938\n ],\n [\n -109.20001816789154,\n 44.72509280931297\n ],\n [\n -110.99160370767525,\n 44.98445232655541\n ],\n [\n -111.33309300583315,\n 44.732703922582004\n ],\n [\n -111.85294945287173,\n 44.57568292648273\n ],\n [\n -112.77759503428936,\n 44.80669264336557\n ],\n [\n -112.8200612358018,\n 45.55422481124832\n ],\n [\n -115.33916004013797,\n 45.809295752095494\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKee, Jennifer L.","contributorId":354086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKee","given":"Jennifer L.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fattebert, Julien","contributorId":354087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fattebert","given":"Julien","affiliations":[{"id":28213,"text":"University of KwaZulu-Natal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aikens, Ellen O.","contributorId":354088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aikens","given":"Ellen O.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berg, Jodi","contributorId":354089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berg","given":"Jodi","affiliations":[{"id":84550,"text":"Alta Science & Engineering, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bergen, Scott","contributorId":354090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergen","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":36224,"text":"Idaho Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cole, Eric K.","contributorId":354093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cole","given":"Eric K.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Copeland, Holly E.","contributorId":354096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Copeland","given":"Holly E.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Courtemanch, Alyson B.","contributorId":354099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Courtemanch","given":"Alyson B.","affiliations":[{"id":36596,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dewey, Sarah","contributorId":354100,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dewey","given":"Sarah","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hurley, Mark","contributorId":354101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hurley","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":36224,"text":"Idaho Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lowrey, Blake 0000-0002-4994-2117","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4994-2117","contributorId":335494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowrey","given":"Blake","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Merkle, Jerod A.","contributorId":354102,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merkle","given":"Jerod A.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Middleton, Arthur D.","contributorId":354103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Middleton","given":"Arthur D.","affiliations":[{"id":13243,"text":"University of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Nuñez, Tristan A.","contributorId":354104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nuñez","given":"Tristan A.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Sawyer, Hall","contributorId":354105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"Hall","affiliations":[{"id":84553,"text":"Western Ecosystems Technology Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew J. 0000-0003-0127-3900","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-3900","contributorId":202921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70260889,"text":"70260889 - 2024 - Quantifying aspect-dependent snowpack response to high-elevation wildfire in the southern Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-14T15:49:16.098808","indexId":"70260889","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-17T09:40:46","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying aspect-dependent snowpack response to high-elevation wildfire in the southern Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"Increasing wildfire frequency and severity in high-elevation seasonal snow zones presents a considerable water resource management challenge across the western United States (U.S.). Wildfires can affect snowpack accumulation and melt patterns, altering the quantity and timing of runoff. While prior research has shown that wildfire generally increases snow melt rates and advances snow disappearance dates, uncertainties remain regarding variations across complex terrain and the energy balance between burned and unburned areas. Utilizing paired in situ data sources within the 2020 Cameron Peak burn area on the Front Range of Colorado, U.S., during the 2021–2022 winter, we found no significant difference in peak snow water equivalent (SWE) magnitude between burned and unburned areas. However, the burned south aspect reached peak SWE 22 days earlier than burned north. During the ablation period, burned south melt rates were 71% faster than unburned south melt rates, whereas burned north melt rates were 94% faster than unburned north aspects. Snow disappeared 7–11 days earlier in burned areas than unburned areas. Net energy differences at the burned and unburned weather station sites were seasonally variable, the burned area snowpack lost more net energy during the winter, but gained more net energy during the spring. Increased incoming shortwave radiation at the burned site was 6x more impactful in altering the net shortwave radiation balance than the decline in surface albedo. These findings emphasize the need for post-wildfire water resource planning that accounts for aspect-dependent differences in energy and mass balance to accurately predict snowpack storage and runoff timing.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023WR036539","usgsCitation":"Reis, W., McGrath, D., Elder, K., Kampf, S., and Rey, D., 2024, Quantifying aspect-dependent snowpack response to high-elevation wildfire in the southern Rocky Mountains: Water Resources Research, v. 60, no. 9, e2023WR036539, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023WR036539.","productDescription":"e2023WR036539, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-164952","costCenters":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036539","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":464029,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Cameron Peak wildfire burn area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.7561259532844,\n 40.8505554980687\n ],\n [\n -106.7561259532844,\n 40.43171583276023\n ],\n [\n -105.05245770667783,\n 40.43171583276023\n ],\n [\n -105.05245770667783,\n 40.8505554980687\n ],\n [\n -106.7561259532844,\n 40.8505554980687\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reis, Wyatt","contributorId":346218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reis","given":"Wyatt","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGrath, Daniel","contributorId":346219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGrath","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elder, Kelly","contributorId":346220,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elder","given":"Kelly","affiliations":[{"id":37389,"text":"U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kampf, Stephanie","contributorId":346221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kampf","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":918443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rey, David M. 0000-0003-2629-365X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-365X","contributorId":211848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rey","given":"David M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":918444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70260423,"text":"70260423 - 2024 - Climate, hydrology, and nutrients control the seasonality of Si concentrations in rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-01T13:50:03.384239","indexId":"70260423","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-17T08:45:16","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7359,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate, hydrology, and nutrients control the seasonality of Si concentrations in rivers","docAbstract":"The seasonal behavior of fluvial dissolved silica (DSi) concentrations, termed DSi regime, mediates the timing of DSi delivery to downstream waters and thus governs river biogeochemical function and aquatic community condition. Previous work identified five distinct DSi regimes across rivers spanning the Northern Hemisphere, with many rivers exhibiting multiple DSi regimes over time. Several potential drivers of DSi regime behavior have been identified at small scales, including climate, land cover, and lithology, and yet the large-scale spatiotemporal controls on DSi regimes have not been identified. We evaluate the role of environmental variables on the behavior of DSi regimes in nearly 200 rivers across the Northern Hemisphere using random forest models. Our models aim to elucidate the controls that give rise to (a) average DSi regime behavior, (b) interannual variability in DSi regime behavior (i.e., Annual DSi regime), and (c) controls on DSi regime shape (i.e., minimum and maximum DSi concentrations). Average DSi regime behavior across the period of record was classified accurately 59% of the time, whereas Annual DSi regime behavior was classified accurately 80% of the time. Climate and primary productivity variables were important in predicting Average DSi regime behavior, whereas climate and hydrologic variables were important in predicting Annual DSi regime behavior. Median nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were important drivers of minimum and maximum DSi concentrations, indicating that these macronutrients may be important for seasonal DSi drawdown and rebound. Our findings demonstrate that fluctuations in climate, hydrology, and nutrient availability of rivers shape the temporal availability of fluvial DSi.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024JG008141","usgsCitation":"Johnson, K., Jankowski, K.J., Carey, J.C., Sethna, L.R., Bush, S.A., McKnight, D.M., McDowell, W.H., Wymore, A.S., Kortelainen, P., Jones, J.B., Lyon, N., Laudon, H., Poste, A., and Sullivan, P.L., 2024, Climate, hydrology, and nutrients control the seasonality of Si concentrations in rivers: Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, v. 129, no. 9, e2024JG008141, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008141.","productDescription":"e2024JG008141, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-164085","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466920,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024jg008141","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":463532,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"129","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Keira 0000-0003-0671-3901","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0671-3901","contributorId":330720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Keira","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78986,"text":"College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jankowski, Kathi Jo 0000-0002-3292-4182","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-4182","contributorId":207429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jankowski","given":"Kathi","email":"","middleInitial":"Jo","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":917628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carey, Joanna C.","contributorId":177397,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carey","given":"Joanna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":917629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sethna, Lienne R. 0000-0003-1156-172X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1156-172X","contributorId":330721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sethna","given":"Lienne","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":78987,"text":"St. Croix Watershed Research Station, Marine on St. Croix, Minnesota 55047","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bush, Sidney A. 0000-0002-8359-7927","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-7927","contributorId":265930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bush","given":"Sidney","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36627,"text":"University of Colorado, Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McDowell, William H.","contributorId":198684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDowell","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":18105,"text":"University of New Hampshire, Durham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wymore, Adam S.","contributorId":243438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wymore","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12667,"text":"University of New Hampshire","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kortelainen, Pirkko","contributorId":247649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kortelainen","given":"Pirkko","affiliations":[{"id":40382,"text":"Finnish Environment Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Jones, Jeremy B. 0000-0003-3540-1392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-1392","contributorId":330724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":78991,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology & Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lyon, Nicholas 0000-0003-3905-1078","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3905-1078","contributorId":332697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyon","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79584,"text":"1021 Anacapa St, Santa Barbara, CA 93101","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Laudon, Hjalmar","contributorId":192976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laudon","given":"Hjalmar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":917638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Poste, Amanda 0000-0001-5255-5356","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-5356","contributorId":333903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poste","given":"Amanda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33046,"text":"Norwegian Institute for Nature Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Sullivan, Pamela L. 0000-0001-8780-8501","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8780-8501","contributorId":330723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":78986,"text":"College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70258683,"text":"70258683 - 2024 - Debris-flow monitoring on volcanoes via a novel usage of a laser rangefinder","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-24T12:11:25.379963","indexId":"70258683","displayToPublicDate":"2024-09-17T07:10:24","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3841,"text":"Journal of Applied Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Debris-flow monitoring on volcanoes via a novel usage of a laser rangefinder","docAbstract":"Mount Rainier has had at least 11 large lahars over the last 6,000 years, including one occurring without evidence of eruptive activity. This prompted the creation of a lahar detection system that uses a combination of seismic, infrasound, and tripwires. We test a laser rangefinder placed on a river channel bank for detecting and confirming mass movements flowing past a station as an alternative to the physical tripwires. After testing the device at an experimental debris-flow flume, the laser rangefinder successfully captured a small debris flow on Mount Rainier in 2023, confirming its effectiveness as a lahar detection and monitoring tool. Over the 2-month deployment at Mount Rainier, we find that spurious recordings in the laser rangefinder data (noise) tend to correlate with high humidity, and that periods of noise do not correlate with increased co-located seismic amplitude. Therefore, the impact of the noise on future alarms can be mitigated by coupling a laser rangefinder alarm with that of independent datasets.
The ongoing panzootic of highly pathogenic H5 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza (HPAI) spread to North America in late 2021, with detections of HPAI viruses in Alaska beginning in April 2022. HPAI viruses have since spread across the state, affecting many species of wild birds as well as domestic poultry and wild mammals. To better understand the dissemination of HPAI viruses spatiotemporally and among hosts in Alaska and adjacent regions, we compared the genomes of 177 confirmed HPAI viruses detected in Alaska during April – December 2022. Results suggest multiple viral introductions into Alaska between November 2021 and August or September 2022, as well as dissemination to areas within and outside of the state. Viral genotypes differed in their spatiotemporal spread, likely influenced by timing of introductions relative to population immunity. We found evidence for dissemination of HPAI viruses between wild bird species, wild birds and domestic poultry, as well as wild birds and wild mammals. Continued monitoring for and genomic characterization of HPAI viruses in Alaska can improve our understanding of the evolution and dispersal of these economically costly and ecologically relevant pathogens.
Plants adjust their allocation to different organs based on nutrient supply. In some plant species, symbioses with nitrogen-fixing bacteria that live in root nodules provide an alternate pathway for nitrogen acquisition. Does access to nitrogen-fixing bacteria modify plants' biomass allocation? We hypothesized that access to nitrogen-fixing bacteria would have the same effect on allocation to aboveground versus belowground tissues as access to plentiful soil nitrogen. To test this hypothesis and related hypotheses about allocation to stems versus leaves and roots versus nodules, we conducted experiments with 15 species of nitrogen-fixing plants in two separate greenhouses. In each, we grew seedlings with and without access to symbiotic bacteria across a wide gradient of soil nitrogen supply. As is common, uninoculated plants allocated relatively less biomass belowground when they had more soil nitrogen. As we hypothesized, nitrogen fixation had a similar effect as the highest level of fertilization on allocation aboveground versus belowground. Both nitrogen fixation and high fertilization led to ~10% less biomass allocated belowground (~10% more aboveground) than the uninoculated, lowest fertilization treatment. Fertilization reduced allocation to nodules relative to roots. The responses for allocation of aboveground tissues to leaves versus stems were not as consistent across greenhouses or species as the other allocation trends, though more nitrogen fixation consistently led to relatively more allocation to leaves when soil nitrogen supply was low. Synthesis: Our results suggest that symbiotic nitrogen fixation causes seedlings to allocate relatively less biomass belowground, with potential implications for competition and carbon storage in early forest development.