We evaluated the diet richness, diversity, and similarity of a community of seven endemic and two introduced passerine birds by analyzing the composition of arthropod prey in fecal samples collected during 1994–1998 at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Hawai‘i Island. Most prey fragments were identified to order, but we also distinguished among morpho-species of Lepidoptera based on the shape of larval (caterpillar) mandibles for higher resolution of this important prey type. Diets were compared among feeding specialists, generalists, and “intermediate” species and among introduced and three endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper (Fringillidae) species. Lepidoptera (moths), especially the larval (caterpillar) stage, comprised the greatest proportion of prey in samples of all bird species except for the introduced Japanese white-eye (Zosterops japonicus; JAWE). Araneae (spiders) was the most abundant order in JAWE samples and the second most abundant order for most other species. The two specialist honeycreepers ranked lowest in the richness and diversity of arthropod orders, but only the ‘akiapōlā‘au (Hemignathus munroi, AKIP) was significantly lower than the three generalist or intermediate honeycreeper species. The diversity of arthropod orders was significantly lower for the three endangered honeycreeper species compared to the two introduced species. No significant differences were observed among the five honeycreepers with respect to the arthropod orders they consumed. The use of arthropod orders taken by endangered honeycreepers and introduced species was significantly different in all paired comparisons except for JAWE and ‘ākepa (Loxops coccineus; AKEP). In terms of richness and diversity of caterpillar morpho-species in the diet, only the specialist, AKEP, was significantly lower than all three generalist and intermediate species. Both AKEP and AKIP consumed a significantly different diet of caterpillar morpho-species compared to at least one honeycreeper generalist or intermediate species. Among the endangered honeycreepers and introduced species, the richness and diversity of caterpillar morpho-species was significantly lower only for AKEP compared to both introduced species. Significant differences were not observed between endangered and introduced species in the distribution of caterpillar morpho-species in the diet. Only three morpho-species were heavily exploited, with one being consumed by all bird species. The heavy exploitation of very few morpho-species by specialists underscored their greater vulnerability to changes in forest food webs and threats to key arthropod prey. When evaluated together with data on overlap in foraging behavior, our results could be useful in evaluating competition between bird species at Hakalau. Nevertheless, invasive parasitoid wasps may impact key caterpillar prey more substantially than do introduced birds, highlighting the need for additional research to understand the ecology of caterpillar species and their interactions with both invertebrate and vertebrate consumers. The severe decline of specialist bird species historically and recently is a reminder of the importance of maintaining food web resilience, potentially through vigorous habitat restoration, to withstand the continuing and perhaps increasing threats from a diverse array of invasive species and climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Banko, P.C., Peck, R.W., Brinck, K., and Leonard, D., 2015, Richness, diversity, and similarity of arthropod prey consumed by a community of Hawaiian forest birds.: Technical Report HCSU-066, Report: iii, 38 p.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 38 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"38","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066651","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326248,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a9ad70e4b05e859bdfbadd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banko, Paul C. 0000-0002-6035-9803 pbanko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-9803","contributorId":3179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"Paul","email":"pbanko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peck, Robert W.","contributorId":45629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brinck, Kevin W. 0000-0001-7581-2482 kbrinck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7581-2482","contributorId":3847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brinck","given":"Kevin W.","email":"kbrinck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leonard, David L.","contributorId":105191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonard","given":"David L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70154971,"text":"70154971 - 2015 - Space use and habitat selection by resident and transient coyotes (Canis latrans)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-22T11:08:12","indexId":"70154971","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-22T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Space use and habitat selection by resident and transient coyotes (Canis latrans)","docAbstract":"Little information exists on coyote (Canis latrans) space use and habitat selection in the southeastern United States and most studies conducted in the Southeast have been carried out within small study areas (e.g., ≤1,000 km2). Therefore, studying the placement, size, and habitat composition of coyote home ranges over broad geographic areas could provide relevant insights regarding how coyote populations adjust to regionally varying ecological conditions. Despite an increasing number of studies of coyote ecology, few studies have assessed the role of transiency as a life-history strategy among coyotes. During 2009–2011, we used GPS radio-telemetry to study coyote space use and habitat selection on the Albemarle Peninsula of northeastern North Carolina. We quantified space use and 2nd- and 3rd-order habitat selection for resident and transient coyotes to describe space use patterns in a predominantly agricultural landscape. The upper limit of coyote home-range size was approximately 47 km2 and coyotes exhibiting shifting patterns of space use of areas >65 km2 were transients. Transients exhibited localized space use patterns for short durations prior to establishing home ranges, which we defined as “biding” areas. Resident and transient coyotes demonstrated similar habitat selection, notably selection of agricultural over forested habitats. However, transients exhibited stronger selection for roads than resident coyotes. Although transient coyotes are less likely to contribute reproductively to their population, transiency may be an important life history trait that facilitates metapopulation dynamics through dispersal and the eventual replacement of breeding residents lost to mortality.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0132203","usgsCitation":"Hinton, J.W., van Manen, F.T., and Chamberlain, M.J., 2015, Space use and habitat selection by resident and transient coyotes (Canis latrans): PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 7, e0132203: 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132203.","productDescription":"e0132203: 17 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058130","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132203","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Albemarle Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.871337890625,\n 35.31064272673245\n ],\n [\n -76.871337890625,\n 36.00467348670187\n ],\n [\n -75.69580078125,\n 36.00467348670187\n ],\n [\n -75.69580078125,\n 35.31064272673245\n ],\n [\n -76.871337890625,\n 35.31064272673245\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b0b0a4e4b09a3b01b53072","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinton, Joseph W","contributorId":145507,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinton","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":16137,"text":"1Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Manen, Frank T. 0000-0001-5340-8489 fvanmanen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-8489","contributorId":2267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Manen","given":"Frank","email":"fvanmanen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chamberlain, Michael J","contributorId":145508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chamberlain","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":16137,"text":"1Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70155946,"text":"70155946 - 2015 - Constraining the heat flux between Enceladus’ tiger stripes: numerical modeling of funiscular plains formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-13T13:08:12","indexId":"70155946","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-22T03:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constraining the heat flux between Enceladus’ tiger stripes: numerical modeling of funiscular plains formation","docAbstract":"The Cassini spacecraft’s Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) has observed at least 5 GW of thermal emission at Enceladus’ south pole. The vast majority of this emission is localized on the four long, parallel, evenly-spaced fractures dubbed tiger stripes. However, the thermal emission from regions between the tiger stripes has not been determined. These spatially localized regions have a unique morphology consisting of short-wavelength (∼1 km) ridges and troughs with topographic amplitudes of ∼100 m, and a generally ropy appearance that has led to them being referred to as “funiscular terrain.” Previous analysis pursued the hypothesis that the funiscular terrain formed via thin-skinned folding, analogous to that occurring on a pahoehoe flow top (Barr, A.C., Preuss, L.J. [2010]. Icarus 208, 499–503). Here we use finite element modeling of lithospheric shortening to further explore this hypothesis. Our best-case simulations reproduce funiscular-like morphologies, although our simulated fold wavelengths after 10% shortening are 30% longer than those observed. Reproducing short-wavelength folds requires high effective surface temperatures (∼185 K), an ice lithosphere (or high-viscosity layer) with a low thermal conductivity (one-half to one-third that of intact ice or lower), and very high heat fluxes (perhaps as great as 400 mW m−2). These conditions are driven by the requirement that the high-viscosity layer remain extremely thin (≲200 m). Whereas the required conditions are extreme, they can be met if a layer of fine grained plume material 1–10 m thick, or a highly fractured ice layer >50 m thick insulates the surface, and the lithosphere is fractured throughout as well. The source of the necessary heat flux (a factor of two greater than previous estimates) is less obvious. We also present evidence for an unusual color/spectral character of the ropy terrain, possibly related to its unique surface texture. Our simulations demonstrate that producing the funiscular ridges via folding remains plausible, but the relatively extreme conditions required to do so leaves their origin open to further investigation. The high heat fluxes required to produce the terrain by folding, which equate to an endogenic blackbody temperature near 50 K, should be observable by future nighttime CIRS observations, if funiscular deformation is occurring today.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2015.07.016","usgsCitation":"Bland, M.T., McKinnon, W., and Schenk, P., 2015, Constraining the heat flux between Enceladus’ tiger stripes: numerical modeling of funiscular plains formation: Icarus, v. 260, p. 232-245, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.07.016.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"232","endPage":"245","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064330","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Enceladus","volume":"260","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfaee4b08400b1fe13e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bland, Michael T. 0000-0001-5543-1519 mbland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5543-1519","contributorId":146287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bland","given":"Michael","email":"mbland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKinnon, William B.","contributorId":146288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKinnon","given":"William B.","affiliations":[{"id":16661,"text":"Washington University in Saint Louis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schenk, Paul M.","contributorId":66946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schenk","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":12445,"text":"Lunar and Planetary Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70173510,"text":"70173510 - 2015 - Designing a monitoring program to estimate estuarine survival of anadromous salmon smolts: simulating the effect of sample design on inference","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T15:14:18","indexId":"70173510","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Designing a monitoring program to estimate estuarine survival of anadromous salmon smolts: simulating the effect of sample design on inference","docAbstract":"A number of researchers have attempted to estimate salmonid smolt survival during outmigration through an estuary. However, it is currently unclear how the design of such studies influences the accuracy and precision of survival estimates. In this simulation study we consider four patterns of smolt survival probability in the estuary, and test the performance of several different sampling strategies for estimating estuarine survival assuming perfect detection. The four survival probability patterns each incorporate a systematic component (constant, linearly increasing, increasing and then decreasing, and two pulses) and a random component to reflect daily fluctuations in survival probability. Generally, spreading sampling effort (tagging) across the season resulted in more accurate estimates of survival. All sampling designs in this simulation tended to under-estimate the variation in the survival estimates because seasonal and daily variation in survival probability are not incorporated in the estimation procedure. This under-estimation results in poorer performance of estimates from larger samples. Thus, tagging more fish may not result in better estimates of survival if important components of variation are not accounted for. The results of our simulation incorporate survival probabilities and run distribution data from previous studies to help illustrate the tradeoffs among sampling strategies in terms of the number of tags needed and distribution of tagging effort. This information will assist researchers in developing improved monitoring programs and encourage discussion regarding issues that should be addressed prior to implementation of any telemetry-based monitoring plan. We believe implementation of an effective estuary survival monitoring program will strengthen the robustness of life cycle models used in recovery plans by providing missing data on where and how much mortality occurs in the riverine and estuarine portions of smolt migration. These data could result in better informed management decisions and assist in guidance for more effective estuarine restoration projects.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS one","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0132912","usgsCitation":"Romer, J.D., Gitelman, A.I., Clements, S., and Schreck, C.B., 2015, Designing a monitoring program to estimate estuarine survival of anadromous salmon smolts: simulating the effect of sample design on inference: PLoS ONE, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132912.","productDescription":"11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066437","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132912","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9330e4b04f417c275131","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romer, Jeremy D.","contributorId":171684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romer","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gitelman, Alix I.","contributorId":168402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gitelman","given":"Alix","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clements, Shaun","contributorId":171685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clements","given":"Shaun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189912,"text":"70189912 - 2015 - Groundwater – The disregarded component in lake water and nutrient budgets. Part 2: effects of groundwater on nutrients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-03T13:28:31","indexId":"70189912","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater – The disregarded component in lake water and nutrient budgets. Part 2: effects of groundwater on nutrients","docAbstract":"Lacustrine groundwater discharge (LGD) transports nutrients from a catchment to a lake, which may fuel eutrophication, one of the major threats to our fresh waters. Unfortunately, LGD has often been disregarded in lake nutrient studies. Most measurement techniques are based on separate determinations of volume and nutrient concentration of LGD: Loads are calculated by multiplying seepage volumes by concentrations of exfiltrating water. Typically low phosphorus (P) concentrations of pristine groundwater often are increased due to anthropogenic sources such as fertilizer, manure or sewage. Mineralization of naturally present organic matter might also increase groundwater P. Reducing redox conditions favour P transport through the aquifer to the reactive aquifer-lake interface. In some cases, large decreases of P concentrations may occur at the interface, for example, due to increased oxygen availability, while in other cases, there is nearly no decrease in P. The high reactivity of the interface complicates quantification of groundwater-borne P loads to the lake, making difficult clear differentiation of internal and external P loads to surface water. Anthropogenic sources of nitrogen (N) in groundwater are similar to those of phosphate. However, the environmental fate of N differs fundamentally from P because N occurs in several different redox states, each with different mobility. While nitrate behaves essentially conservatively in most oxic aquifers, ammonium's mobility is similar to that of phosphate. Nitrate may be transformed to gaseous N2 in reducing conditions and permanently removed from the system. Biogeochemical turnover of N is common at the reactive aquifer-lake interface. Nutrient loads from LGD were compiled from the literature. Groundwater-borne P loads vary from 0.74 to 2900 mg PO4-P m−2 year−1; for N, these loads vary from 0.001 to 640 g m−2 year−1. Even small amounts of seepage can carry large nutrient loads due to often high nutrient concentrations in groundwater. Large spatial heterogeneity, uncertain areal extent of the interface and difficult accessibility make every determination of LGD a challenge. However, determinations of LGD are essential to effective lake management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10384","usgsCitation":"Lewandowski, J., Meinikmann, K., Nutzmann, G., and Rosenberry, D.O., 2015, Groundwater – The disregarded component in lake water and nutrient budgets. Part 2: effects of groundwater on nutrients: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 13, p. 2922-2955, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10384.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"2922","endPage":"2955","ipdsId":"IP-053820","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"13","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5984364ae4b0e2f5d46653cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewandowski, Jorg","contributorId":195317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewandowski","given":"Jorg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meinikmann, Karin","contributorId":195318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meinikmann","given":"Karin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nutzmann, Gunnar","contributorId":195319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nutzmann","given":"Gunnar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157600,"text":"70157600 - 2015 - Quantitative imaging of volcanic plumes — Results, needs, and future trends","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-29T19:02:35","indexId":"70157600","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-15T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative imaging of volcanic plumes — Results, needs, and future trends","docAbstract":"Recent technology allows two-dimensional “imaging” of trace gas distributions in plumes. In contrast to older, one-dimensional remote sensing techniques, that are only capable of measuring total column densities, the new imaging methods give insight into details of transport and mixing processes as well as chemical transformation within plumes. We give an overview of gas imaging techniques already being applied at volcanoes (SO2cameras, imaging DOAS, FT-IR imaging), present techniques where first field experiments were conducted (LED-LIDAR, tomographic mapping), and describe some techniques where only theoretical studies with application to volcanology exist (e.g. Fabry–Pérot Imaging, Gas Correlation Spectroscopy, bi-static LIDAR). Finally, we discuss current needs and future trends in imaging technology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.10.006","usgsCitation":"Platt, U., Lubcke, P., Kuhn, J., Bobrowski, N., Prata, F., Burton, M., and Kern, C., 2015, Quantitative imaging of volcanic plumes — Results, needs, and future trends: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 300, p. 7-21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.10.006.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057373","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309084,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"300","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb6e4e4b058f706e53e03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Platt, Ulrich","contributorId":26609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Platt","given":"Ulrich","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lubcke, Peter","contributorId":56141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lubcke","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuhn, Jonas","contributorId":148067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuhn","given":"Jonas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16990,"text":"Heidelberg University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bobrowski, Nicole","contributorId":45214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bobrowski","given":"Nicole","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Prata, Fred","contributorId":148068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prata","given":"Fred","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16991,"text":"Norwegian Institute for Air Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Burton, Michael","contributorId":148069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burton","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16992,"text":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Pisa","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":37573,"text":"University of Manchester, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kern, Christoph 0000-0002-8920-5701 ckern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8920-5701","contributorId":3387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kern","given":"Christoph","email":"ckern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70146121,"text":"70146121 - 2015 - Timing of susceptibility to post-fire debris flows in the western USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-08T12:03:48","indexId":"70146121","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1574,"text":"Environmental & Engineering Geoscience","printIssn":"1078-7275","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timing of susceptibility to post-fire debris flows in the western USA","docAbstract":"Watersheds recently burned by wildfires can have an increased susceptibility to debris flow, although little is known about how long this susceptibility persists, and how it changes over time. We here use a compilation of 75 debris-flow response and fire-ignition dates, vegetation and bedrock class, rainfall regime, and initiation process from throughout the western U.S. to address these issues. The great majority (85 percent) of debris flows occurred within the first 12 months following wildfire, with 71 percent within the first six months. Seven percent of the debris flows occurred between 1 and 1.5 years after a fire, or during the second rainy season to impact an area. Within the first 1.5 years following fires, all but one of the debris flows initiated through runoff-dominated processes, and debris flows occurred in similar proportions in forested and non-forested landscapes. Geologic materials affected how long debris-flow activity persisted, and the timing of debris flows varied within different rainfall regimes. A second, later period of increased debris flow susceptibility between 2.2 and 10 years after fires is indicated by the remaining 8 percent of events, which occurred primarily in forested terrains and initiated largely through landslide processes. The short time period between fire and debris-flow response within the first 1.5 years after ignition, and the longer-term response between 2.2 and 10 years after fire, demonstrate the necessity of both rapid and long-term reactions by land managers and emergency-response agencies to mitigate hazards from debris flows from recently burned areas in the western U.S.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Environmental and Engineering Geologists","doi":"10.2113/EEG-1677","usgsCitation":"DeGraff, J.V., Cannon, S.H., and Gartner, J.E., 2015, Timing of susceptibility to post-fire debris flows in the western USA: Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, v. 21, no. 4, p. 277-292, https://doi.org/10.2113/EEG-1677.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"292","ipdsId":"IP-064862","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344120,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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matter","docAbstract":"Methylmercury is the environmental form of neurotoxic mercury that is biomagnified in the food chain. Methylation rates are reduced when the metal is sequestered in crystalline mercury sulfides or bound to thiol groups in macromolecular natural organic matter. Mercury sulfide minerals are known to nucleate in anoxic zones, by reaction of the thiol-bound mercury with biogenic sulfide, but not in oxic environments. We present experimental evidence that mercury sulfide forms from thiol-bound mercury alone in aqueous dark systems in contact with air. The maximum amount of nanoparticulate mercury sulfide relative to thiol-bound mercury obtained by reacting dissolved mercury and soil organic matter matches that detected in the organic horizon of a contaminated soil situated downstream from Oak Ridge, TN, in the United States. The nearly identical ratios of the two forms of mercury in field and experimental systems suggest a common reaction mechanism for nucleating the mineral. We identified a chemical reaction mechanism that is thermodynamically favorable in which thiol-bound mercury polymerizes to mercury–sulfur clusters. The clusters form by elimination of sulfur from the thiol complexes via breaking of mercury–sulfur bonds as in an alkylation reaction. Addition of sulfide is not required. This nucleation mechanism provides one explanation for how mercury may be immobilized, and eventually sequestered, in oxygenated surface environments.
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Nagy, 2015, Formation of mercury sulfide from Hg(II)−thiolate complexes in natural organic matter: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 16, p. 9787-9796, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02522.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"9787","endPage":"9796","ipdsId":"IP-064729","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344453,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.4024658203125,\n 35.87792352995116\n ],\n [\n -84.08660888671875,\n 35.87792352995116\n ],\n [\n -84.08660888671875,\n 36.053540128339755\n ],\n [\n -84.4024658203125,\n 36.053540128339755\n ],\n [\n -84.4024658203125,\n 35.87792352995116\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5980419ae4b0a38ca2789343","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alain Manceau","contributorId":195252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alain Manceau","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lemouchi, Cyprien","contributorId":195253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lemouchi","given":"Cyprien","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Enescu, Mironel","contributorId":195254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Enescu","given":"Mironel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gaillot, Anne-Claire","contributorId":195256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaillot","given":"Anne-Claire","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lanson, Martine","contributorId":195257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanson","given":"Martine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Magnin, Valerie","contributorId":195258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magnin","given":"Valerie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pieter Glatzel","contributorId":195259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pieter Glatzel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Poulin, Brett 0000-0002-5555-7733 bpoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5555-7733","contributorId":194253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulin","given":"Brett","email":"bpoulin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":706630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Gautier-Lunea, Isabelle","contributorId":195260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gautier-Lunea","given":"Isabelle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kathryn L. 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We assessed 28 coastal Georgia vertebrate species for their exposure to potential habitat changes due to SLR using output from the Sea Level Affecting Marshes Model and information on the species’ fundamental niches. We assessed forecasted habitat change up to the year 2100 using three structural habitat metrics: total area, patch size, and habitat permanence. Almost all of the species (n = 24) experienced negative habitat changes due to SLR as measured by at least one of the metrics. Salt marsh and ocean beach habitats experienced the most change (out of 16 categorical land cover types) across the three metrics and species that used salt marsh extensively (rails and marsh sparrows) were ranked highest for exposure to habitat changes. Species that nested on ocean beaches (Diamondback Terrapins, shorebirds, and terns) were also ranked highly, but their use of other foraging habitats reduced their overall exposure. Future studies on potential effects of SLR on vertebrates in southeastern coastal ecosystems should focus on the relative importance of different habitat types to these species’ foraging and nesting requirements. Our straightforward prioritization approach is applicable to other coastal systems and can provide insight to managers on which species to focus resources, what components of their habitats need to be protected, and which locations in the study area will provide habitat refuges in the face of SLR.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York","doi":"10.1007/s00267-015-0580-3","usgsCitation":"Hunter, E., Nibbelink, N.P., Alexander, C.R., Barrett, K., Mengak, L.F., Guy, R., Moore, C.T., and Cooper, R.J., 2015, Coastal vertebrate exposure to predicted habitat changes due to sea level rise: Environmental Management, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0580-3.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055464","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310611,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Altamaha Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.4306640625,\n 30.704058230919504\n ],\n [\n -81.97448730468749,\n 30.831497881307943\n ],\n [\n -81.89208984375,\n 31.28793989264176\n ],\n [\n -81.507568359375,\n 32.040676557717454\n ],\n [\n -81.1285400390625,\n 32.310348764525806\n ],\n [\n -80.82092285156249,\n 31.994100723260804\n ],\n [\n -81.14501953125,\n 31.70947636001935\n ],\n [\n -81.10107421874999,\n 31.59725256170666\n ],\n [\n -81.2933349609375,\n 31.367708915120826\n ],\n [\n -81.2548828125,\n 31.236288641793006\n ],\n [\n -81.39770507812499,\n 31.1140915948987\n ],\n [\n -81.4306640625,\n 30.704058230919504\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a29e4b00162522207c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunter, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":149399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunter","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nibbelink, Nathan P.","contributorId":141326,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nibbelink","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alexander, Clark R.","contributorId":149400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alexander","given":"Clark","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barrett, Kyle","contributorId":149401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barrett","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mengak, Lara F.","contributorId":149402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mengak","given":"Lara","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Guy, Rachel","contributorId":35681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Rachel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Moore, Clinton T. 0000-0002-6053-2880 cmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6053-2880","contributorId":3643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Clinton","email":"cmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cooper, Robert J.","contributorId":99245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70227709,"text":"70227709 - 2015 - Human harvest, climate change and their synergistic effects drove the Chinese Crested Tern to the brink of extinction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-27T15:32:29.717459","indexId":"70227709","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-03T09:11:12","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3871,"text":"Global Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Human harvest, climate change and their synergistic effects drove the Chinese Crested Tern to the brink of extinction","docAbstract":"Synergistic effect refers to simultaneous actions of separate factors which have a greater total effect than the sum of the individual factor effects. However, there has been a limited knowledge on how synergistic effects occur and individual roles of different drivers are not often considered. Therefore, it becomes quite challenging to manage multiple threatening processes simultaneously in order to mitigate biodiversity loss. In this regard, our hypothesis is, if the traits actually play different roles in the synergistic interaction, conservation efforts could be made more effectively. To understand the synergistic effect and test our hypothesis, we examined the processes associated with the endangerment of critically endangered Chinese Crested Tern (Thalasseus bernsteini), whose total population number was estimated no more than 50. Through monitoring of breeding colonies and investigations into causative factors, combined with other data on human activities, we found that widespread human harvest of seabird eggs and increasing frequency of typhoons are the major factors that threatened the Chinese Crested Tern. Furthermore, 28 percent of breeding failures were due to the synergistic effects in which egg harvest-induced renestings suffered the higher frequent typhoons. In such combined interactions, the egg harvest has clearly served as a proximal factor for the population decline, and the superimposition of enhanced typhoon activity further accelerated the species toward imminent extinction. Our findings suggest that species endangerment, on one hand, should be treated as a synergistic process, while conservation efforts, on the other hand, should focus principally on combatting the threat that triggers synergistic effects.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2015.06.006","usgsCitation":"Chen, S., Fan, Z., Roby, D., Lu, Y., Chen, G., Huang, Q., Cheng, L., and Zhu, J., 2015, Human harvest, climate change and their synergistic effects drove the Chinese Crested Tern to the brink of extinction: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 4, p. 137-145, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2015.06.006.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"145","ipdsId":"IP-077723","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471953,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2015.06.006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":394970,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 118.91601562499999,\n 26.82407078047018\n ],\n [\n 124.01367187499999,\n 26.82407078047018\n ],\n [\n 124.01367187499999,\n 34.161818161230386\n ],\n [\n 118.91601562499999,\n 34.161818161230386\n ],\n [\n 118.91601562499999,\n 26.82407078047018\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, Shuihua","contributorId":272348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Shuihua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fan, Zhongyong","contributorId":272349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fan","given":"Zhongyong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":272249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lu, Yiwei","contributorId":272354,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lu","given":"Yiwei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chen, Gangsong","contributorId":272355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Gangsong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Huang, Qin","contributorId":272356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Qin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cheng, Lijing","contributorId":272357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"Lijing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zhu, Jiang","contributorId":170401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhu","given":"Jiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70154794,"text":"70154794 - 2015 - A collision risk model to predict avian fatalities at wind facilities: an example using golden eagles, Aquila chrysaetos","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-06T11:41:25","indexId":"70154794","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-02T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A collision risk model to predict avian fatalities at wind facilities: an example using golden eagles, Aquila chrysaetos","docAbstract":"Wind power is a major candidate in the search for clean, renewable energy. Beyond the technical and economic challenges of wind energy development are environmental issues that may restrict its growth. Avian fatalities due to collisions with rotating turbine blades are a leading concern and there is considerable uncertainty surrounding avian collision risk at wind facilities. This uncertainty is not reflected in many models currently used to predict the avian fatalities that would result from proposed wind developments. We introduce a method to predict fatalities at wind facilities, based on pre-construction monitoring. Our method can directly incorporate uncertainty into the estimates of avian fatalities and can be updated if information on the true number of fatalities becomes available from post-construction carcass monitoring. Our model considers only three parameters: hazardous footprint, bird exposure to turbines and collision probability. By using a Bayesian analytical framework we account for uncertainties in these values, which are then reflected in our predictions and can be reduced through subsequent data collection. The simplicity of our approach makes it accessible to ecologists concerned with the impact of wind development, as well as to managers, policy makers and industry interested in its implementation in real-world decision contexts. We demonstrate the utility of our method by predicting golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) fatalities at a wind installation in the United States. Using pre-construction data, we predicted 7.48 eagle fatalities year-1 (95% CI: (1.1, 19.81)). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service uses the 80th quantile (11.0 eagle fatalities year-1) in their permitting process to ensure there is only a 20% chance a wind facility exceeds the authorized fatalities. Once data were available from two-years of post-construction monitoring, we updated the fatality estimate to 4.8 eagle fatalities year-1 (95% CI: (1.76, 9.4); 80th quantile, 6.3). In this case, the increased precision in the fatality prediction lowered the level of authorized take, and thus lowered the required amount of compensatory mitigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0130978","usgsCitation":"New, L., Bjerre, E., Millsap, B.A., Otto, M.C., and Runge, M.C., 2015, A collision risk model to predict avian fatalities at wind facilities: an example using golden eagles, Aquila chrysaetos: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 7, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130978.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049300","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130978","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305581,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"559ba6a8e4b0b94a640170c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"New, Leslie lnew@usgs.gov","contributorId":145484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"New","given":"Leslie","email":"lnew@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bjerre, Emily","contributorId":44451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjerre","given":"Emily","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Millsap, Brian A.","contributorId":75841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millsap","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Otto, Mark C.","contributorId":6307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70154750,"text":"70154750 - 2015 - Training conservation practitioners to be better decision makers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T11:31:29","indexId":"70154750","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3504,"text":"Sustainability","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Training conservation practitioners to be better decision makers","docAbstract":"Traditional conservation curricula and training typically emphasizes only one part of systematic decision making (i.e., the science), at the expense of preparing conservation practitioners with critical skills in values-setting, working with decision makers and stakeholders, and effective problem framing. In this article we describe how the application of decision science is relevant to conservation problems and suggest how current and future conservation practitioners can be trained to be better decision makers. Though decision-analytic approaches vary considerably, they all involve: (1) properly formulating the decision problem; (2) specifying feasible alternative actions; and (3) selecting criteria for evaluating potential outcomes. Two approaches are available for providing training in decision science, with each serving different needs. Formal education is useful for providing simple, well-defined problems that allow demonstrations of the structure, axioms and general characteristics of a decision-analytic approach. In contrast, practical training can offer complex, realistic decision problems requiring more careful structuring and analysis than those used for formal training purposes. Ultimately, the kinds and degree of training necessary depend on the role conservation practitioners play in a decision-making process. Those attempting to facilitate decision-making processes will need advanced training in both technical aspects of decision science and in facilitation techniques, as well as opportunities to apprentice under decision analysts/consultants. Our primary goal should be an attempt to ingrain a discipline for applying clarity of thought to all decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/su7078354","usgsCitation":"Johnson, F.A., Eaton, M.J., Williams, J., Jensen, G., and Madsen, J., 2015, Training conservation practitioners to be better decision makers: Sustainability, v. 7, no. 7, p. 8354-8373, https://doi.org/10.3390/su7078354.","startPage":"8354","endPage":"8373","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065362","costCenters":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su7078354","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305528,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":305445,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/7/7/8354"}],"volume":"7","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55950124e4b0b6d21dd6cbc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Fred A. 0000-0002-5854-3695 fjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-3695","contributorId":2773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred","email":"fjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":563952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eaton, Mitchell J. meaton@usgs.gov","contributorId":3912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"Mitchell","email":"meaton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":563951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, James H.","contributorId":145422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"James H.","affiliations":[{"id":16118,"text":"Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Grenåvej 14, DK-8410 Rønde, Denmark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":563953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jensen, Gitte H.","contributorId":74671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"Gitte H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":563954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Madsen, Jesper","contributorId":9950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madsen","given":"Jesper","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":563955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155025,"text":"70155025 - 2015 - Slope activity in Gale crater, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-01T15:10:47","indexId":"70155025","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slope activity in Gale crater, Mars","docAbstract":"High-resolution repeat imaging of Aeolis Mons, the central mound in Gale crater, reveals active slope processes within tens of kilometers of the Curiosity rover. At one location near the base of northeastern Aeolis Mons, dozens of transient narrow lineae were observed, resembling features (Recurring Slope Lineae) that are potentially due to liquid water. However, the lineae faded and have not recurred in subsequent Mars years. Other small-scale slope activity is common, but has different spatial and temporal characteristics. We have not identified confirmed RSL, which Rummel et al. (Rummel, J.D. et al. [2014]. Astrobiology 14, 887–968) recommended be treated as potential special regions for planetary protection. Repeat images acquired as Curiosity approaches the base of Aeolis Mons could detect changes due to active slope processes, which could enable the rover to examine recently exposed material.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Astronomical Society","publisherLocation":"San Diego, CA","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2015.04.002","usgsCitation":"Dundas, C.M., and McEwen, A.S., 2015, Slope activity in Gale crater, Mars: Icarus, v. 254, p. 213-218, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.04.002.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"218","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059900","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"254","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b361b6e4b09a3b01b5dab9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dundas, Colin M. 0000-0003-2343-7224 cdundas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-7224","contributorId":2937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dundas","given":"Colin","email":"cdundas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McEwen, Alfred S.","contributorId":61657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEwen","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70154854,"text":"70154854 - 2015 - Climate-water quality relationships in Texas reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-21T13:19:21","indexId":"70154854","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-water quality relationships in Texas reservoirs","docAbstract":"Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and concentrations of salts in surface water bodies can be affected by the natural environment, local human activities such as surface and ground water withdrawals, land use, and energy extraction, and variability and long-term trends in atmospheric conditions including temperature and precipitation. Here, we quantify the relationship between 121 indicators of mean and extreme temperature and precipitation and 24 water quality parameters in 57 Texas reservoirs using observational data records covering the period 1960 to 2010. We find that water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, chloride, sulfate, and phosphorus all show consistent correlations with atmospheric predictors, including high and low temperature extremes, dry days, heavy precipitation events, and mean temperature and precipitation over time scales ranging from one week to two years. Based on this analysis and published future projections for this region, we expect climate change to increase water temperatures, decrease dissolved oxygen levels, decrease pH, increase specific conductance, and increase levels of sulfate, chloride in Texas reservoirs. Over decadal time scales, this may affect aquatic ecosystems in the reservoirs, including altering the risk of conditions conducive to algae occurrence, as well as affecting the quality of water available for human consumption and recreation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Chichester, Sussex, England","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10545","usgsCitation":"Gelca, R., Hayhoe, K., Scott-Fleming, I., Crow, C., Dawson, D., and Patino, R., 2015, Climate-water quality relationships in Texas reservoirs: Hydrological Processes, v. 30, no. 1, p. 12-29, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10545.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"29","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053869","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.25976562499999,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n 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Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott-Fleming, Ian","contributorId":145546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott-Fleming","given":"Ian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crow, Caleb","contributorId":145547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crow","given":"Caleb","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dawson, D.","contributorId":72901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70155974,"text":"70155974 - 2015 - Observational data on the effects of infection by the copepod Salmincola californiensis on the short- and long-term viability of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) implanted with telemetry tags","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-21T10:11:16","indexId":"70155974","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":773,"text":"Animal Biotelemetry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observational data on the effects of infection by the copepod Salmincola californiensis on the short- and long-term viability of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) implanted with telemetry tags","docAbstract":"Fish movements are often studied using radio or acoustic tags assuming the handling and tagging procedures have little effect on the behavior of the animal. Indeed, many studies provide guidelines for acceptable methods. However, these studies generally assume the fish are otherwise healthy but this may not always be the case. One example is the infection of juvenile salmon in the western USA by the naturally-occurring parasitic copepod Salmincola californiensis, for which little is known about the effects on results from tagged animals. We report on observational data from juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) surgically implanted with telemetry tags relative to the numbers of S. californiensis within their branchial cavities and on their bodies to determine if the intensity of infection resulted in differences in mortality shortly after tagging or post-release activity in a reservoir over a period of about 4 months.
\nThe data indicate a negative effect of copepods in the branchial cavities on short-term mortality (within 24 h of tagging) and suggest negative effects on movements after release into the reservoir. Short-term mortalities were infrequent and, due to the observational nature of the data, few tagged fish had more than three copepods in their branchial cavities, although surveys of fish in the reservoir indicate much greater infection intensities are common. Copepod numbers on the body did not appear to be associated with short-term mortality or movements after release. The number of copepods on the body was unrelated to the number within the branchial cavities, indicating site-specific counts are needed to assess the infection.
\nInfection with Salmincola californiensis is common in juvenile Chinook salmon in western USA reservoirs and may affect the viability of fish used in studies of telemetered animals. Our limited assessment suggests infection by Salmincola californiensis affects the short-term morality of tagged fish and may affect long-term viability of tagged fish after release; however, the intensity of infection in the sample population did not represent the source population due to the observational nature of the data. We suggest these results warrant further study into the effects of infection bySalmincola californiensis on the results obtained through active telemetry and perhaps other methods requiring handling of infected fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"Biomed Central","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1186/s40317-015-0056-5","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J.W., Hansen, A.C., and Sprando, J.M., 2015, Observational data on the effects of infection by the copepod Salmincola californiensis on the short- and long-term viability of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) implanted with telemetry tags: Animal Biotelemetry, v. 3, no. 20, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-015-0056-5.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064010","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-015-0056-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307104,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d84bbae4b0518e3546f02a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansen, Amy C. 0000-0002-0298-9137 achansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-9137","contributorId":4350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Amy","email":"achansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sprando, Jamie M. jsprando@usgs.gov","contributorId":4005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprando","given":"Jamie","email":"jsprando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159730,"text":"70159730 - 2015 - Up in arms: Immune and nervous system response to sea star wasting disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-19T11:21:33","indexId":"70159730","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Up in arms: Immune and nervous system response to sea star wasting disease","docAbstract":"Echinoderms, positioned taxonomically at the base of deuterostomes, provide an important system for the study of the evolution of the immune system. However, there is little known about the cellular components and genes associated with echinoderm immunity. The 2013–2014 sea star wasting disease outbreak is an emergent, rapidly spreading disease, which has led to large population declines of asteroids in the North American Pacific. While evidence suggests that the signs of this disease, twisting arms and lesions, may be attributed to a viral infection, the host response to infection is still poorly understood. In order to examine transcriptional responses of the sea star Pycnopodia helianthoides to sea star wasting disease, we injected a viral sized fraction (0.2 μm) homogenate prepared from symptomatic P. helianthoides into apparently healthy stars. Nine days following injection, when all stars were displaying signs of the disease, specimens were sacrificed and coelomocytes were extracted for RNA-seq analyses. A number of immune genes, including those involved in Toll signaling pathways, complement cascade, melanization response, and arachidonic acid metabolism, were differentially expressed. Furthermore, genes involved in nervous system processes and tissue remodeling were also differentially expressed, pointing to transcriptional changes underlying the signs of sea star wasting disease. The genomic resources presented here not only increase understanding of host response to sea star wasting disease, but also provide greater insight into the mechanisms underlying immune function in echinoderms.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0133053","usgsCitation":"Fuess, L.E., Eiselord, M.E., Closek, C.J., Tracy, A.M., Mauntz, R., Gignoux-Wolfsohn, S., Moritsch, M.M., Yoshioka, R., Burge, C.A., Harvell, D., Friedman, C., Hershberger, P., and Roberts, S.B., 2015, Up in arms: Immune and nervous system response to sea star wasting disease: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 7, e0133053: 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133053.","productDescription":"e0133053: 16 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063508","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471984,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133053","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311567,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564f00cde4b064dd1d095596","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuess, Lauren E","contributorId":149974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fuess","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":17868,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eiselord, Morgan E.","contributorId":149975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eiselord","given":"Morgan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17869,"text":"Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Closek, Collin J.","contributorId":149976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Closek","given":"Collin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17870,"text":"Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16803","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tracy, Allison M.","contributorId":149977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tracy","given":"Allison","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17869,"text":"Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mauntz, Ruth","contributorId":149978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mauntz","given":"Ruth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17871,"text":"Donald P. Shiley Bioscience Center, San Diego, CA 92115","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gignoux-Wolfsohn, Sarah","contributorId":149979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gignoux-Wolfsohn","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17872,"text":"Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, MA, 01908","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Moritsch, Monica M","contributorId":149980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moritsch","given":"Monica","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":17873,"text":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz CA 95060","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yoshioka, Reyn","contributorId":149981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yoshioka","given":"Reyn","affiliations":[{"id":17869,"text":"Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Burge, Colleen A.","contributorId":34814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burge","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Harvell, Drew","contributorId":149982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harvell","given":"Drew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17869,"text":"Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Friedman, Carolyn S.","contributorId":13890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Carolyn S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hershberger, Paul K. 0000-0002-2261-7760 phershberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":140131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul K.","email":"phershberger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Roberts, Steven B.","contributorId":69586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70123516,"text":"70123516 - 2015 - Comment on “The role of interbasin groundwater transfers in geologically complex terranes, demonstrated by the Great Basin in the western United States”: report published in Hydrogeology Journal (2014) 22:807–828, by Stephen T. Nelson and Alan L. Mayo","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-28T09:34:35","indexId":"70123516","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment on “The role of interbasin groundwater transfers in geologically complex terranes, demonstrated by the Great Basin in the western United States”: report published in Hydrogeology Journal (2014) 22:807–828, by Stephen T. Nelson and Alan L. Mayo","docAbstract":"The subject article (Nelson and Mayo 2014) presents an overview of previous reports of interbasin flow in the Great Basin of the western United States. This Comment is presented by authors of a cited study (comprising chapters in one large report) on the Great Basin carbonate and alluvial aquifer system (GBCAAS; Heilweil and Brooks 2011; Masbruch et al. 2011; Sweetkind et al. 2011a, b), who agree that water budget imbalances alone are not enough to accurately quantify interbasin flow; however, it is proposed that statements made in the subject article about the GBCAAS report are inaccurate. The Comment authors appreciate the opportunity to clarify some statements made about the work.
","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-014-1208-z","usgsCitation":"Masbruch, M.D., Brooks, L.E., Heilweil, V.M., and Sweetkind, D., 2015, Comment on “The role of interbasin groundwater transfers in geologically complex terranes, demonstrated by the Great Basin in the western United States”: report published in Hydrogeology Journal (2014) 22:807–828, by Stephen T. Nelson and Alan L. Mayo: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 23, no. 1, p. 209-210, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-014-1208-z.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"210","ipdsId":"IP-058108","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f877b9e4b0b7ea54521c22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masbruch, Melissa D. 0000-0001-6568-160X mmasbruch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6568-160X","contributorId":1902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masbruch","given":"Melissa","email":"mmasbruch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooks, Lynette E. 0000-0002-9074-0939 lebrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9074-0939","contributorId":2718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Lynette","email":"lebrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heilweil, Victor M. heilweil@usgs.gov","contributorId":837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilweil","given":"Victor","email":"heilweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S. dsweetkind@usgs.gov","contributorId":735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald S.","email":"dsweetkind@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70156790,"text":"70156790 - 2015 - NACSN, note 67--Application for revision of Articles 36 and 37, Lithodemic units of the North American stratigraphic code","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-24T11:03:56","indexId":"70156790","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3481,"text":"Stratigraphy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NACSN, note 67--Application for revision of Articles 36 and 37, Lithodemic units of the North American stratigraphic code","docAbstract":"Currently the North American Stratigraphic Code, (NACSN 2005, Article 37) sets restrictions on the use of the term “complex” for lithodemic units. With exceptions for “volcanic complex” and “structural complex,” a complex must consist of more than one genetic class of rock (i.e., sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic). Thus, the use of the term “complex” to describe masses of intrusive rocks is not allowed. Asimilar restriction is also included in a recent British Geological Survey proposal for using lithodemic units to classify igneous rocks (Gillespie et al. 2008).Currently the North American Stratigraphic Code, (NACSN 2005, Article 37) sets restrictions on the use of the term “complex” for lithodemic units. With exceptions for “volcanic complex” and “structural complex,” a complex must consist of more than one genetic class of rock (i.e., sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic). Thus, the use of the term “complex” to describe masses of intrusive rocks is not allowed. Asimilar restriction is also included in a recent British Geological Survey proposal for using lithodemic units to classify igneous rocks (Gillespie et al. 2008).
","language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","usgsCitation":"Easton, R.M., Edwards, L.E., Orndorff, R.C., Duguet, M., and Ferrusquia-Villafranca, I., 2015, NACSN, note 67--Application for revision of Articles 36 and 37, Lithodemic units of the North American stratigraphic code: Stratigraphy, v. 12, no. 1, p. 39-45.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"45","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063649","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308496,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":308495,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.micropress.org/microaccess/stratigraphy/issue-316/article-1932"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56051edbe4b058f706e512f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Easton, Robert M.","contributorId":139939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Easton","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13320,"text":"Ontario Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orndorff, Randall C. 0000-0002-8956-5803 rorndorf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-5803","contributorId":2739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"Randall","email":"rorndorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duguet, Manuel","contributorId":147927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duguet","given":"Manuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ferrusquia-Villafranca, Ismael","contributorId":37529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrusquia-Villafranca","given":"Ismael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155921,"text":"70155921 - 2015 - Tectonic and sedimentary linkages between the Belt-Purcell basin and southwestern Laurentia during the Mesoproterozoic ca. 1.60-1.40 Ga","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-19T19:20:17","indexId":"70155921","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2626,"text":"Lithosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic and sedimentary linkages between the Belt-Purcell basin and southwestern Laurentia during the Mesoproterozoic ca. 1.60-1.40 Ga","docAbstract":"Mesoproterozoic sedimentary basins in western North America provide key constraints on pre-Rodinia craton positions and interactions along the western rifted margin of Laurentia. One such basin, the Belt-Purcell basin, extends from southern Idaho into southern British Columbia and contains a >18-km-thick succession of siliciclastic sediment deposited ca. 1.47–1.40 Ga. The ca. 1.47–1.45 Ga lower part of the succession contains abundant distinctive non-Laurentian 1.61–1.50 Ga detrital zircon populations derived from exotic cratonic sources. Contemporaneous metasedimentary successions in the southwestern United States–the Trampas and Yankee Joe basins in Arizona and New Mexico–also contain abundant 1.61–1.50 Ga detrital zircons. Similarities in depositional age and distinctive non-Laurentian detrital zircon populations suggest that both the Belt-Purcell and southwestern successions record sedimentary and tectonic linkages between western Laurentia and one or more cratons including North Australia, South Australia, and (or) East Antarctica. At ca. 1.45 Ga, both the Belt-Purcell and southwest successions underwent major sedimentological changes, with a pronounced shift to Laurentian provenance and the disappearance of the 1.61–1.50 Ga detrital zircon. Upper Belt-Purcell strata contain strongly unimodal ca. 1.73 Ga detrital zircon age populations that match the detrital zircon signature of Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks of the Yavapai province to the south and southeast. We propose that the shift at ca. 1.45 Ga records the onset of orogenesis in southern Laurentia coeval with rifting along its northwestern margin. Bedrock uplift associated with orogenesis and widespread, coeval magmatism caused extensive exhumation and erosion of the Yavapai province ca. 1.45–1.36 Ga, providing a voluminous and areally extensive sediment source–with suitable zircon ages–during upper Belt deposition. This model provides a comprehensive and integrated view of the Mesoproterozoic tectonic evolution of western Laurentia and its position within the supercontinent Columbia as it evolved into Rodinia.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/L438.1","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.V., Dainel, C.G., and Doe, M., 2015, Tectonic and sedimentary linkages between the Belt-Purcell basin and southwestern Laurentia during the Mesoproterozoic ca. 1.60-1.40 Ga: Lithosphere, v. 7, no. 4, p. 465-472, https://doi.org/10.1130/L438.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"465","endPage":"472","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058162","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/l438.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfbde4b08400b1fe143f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, James V. III 0000-0002-6602-5935 jvjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-5935","contributorId":201245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jvjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dainel, Christohper G","contributorId":146260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dainel","given":"Christohper","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[{"id":16651,"text":"Bucknell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doe, Michael F","contributorId":146261,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doe","given":"Michael F","affiliations":[{"id":16652,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70174152,"text":"70174152 - 2015 - Linking state-and-transition simulation and timber supply models for forest biomass production scenarios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-20T12:54:49","indexId":"70174152","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3893,"text":"AIMS Environmental Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking state-and-transition simulation and timber supply models for forest biomass production scenarios","docAbstract":"We linked state-and-transition simulation models (STSMs) with an economics-based timber supply model to examine landscape dynamics in North Carolina through 2050 for three scenarios of forest biomass production. Forest biomass could be an important source of renewable energy in the future, but there is currently much uncertainty about how biomass production would impact landscapes. In the southeastern US, if forests become important sources of biomass for bioenergy, we expect increased land-use change and forest management. STSMs are ideal for simulating these landscape changes, but the amounts of change will depend on drivers such as timber prices and demand for forest land, which are best captured with forest economic models. We first developed state-and-transition model pathways in the ST-Sim software platform for 49 vegetation and land-use types that incorporated each expected type of landscape change. Next, for the three biomass production scenarios, the SubRegional Timber Supply Model (SRTS) was used to determine the annual areas of thinning and harvest in five broad forest types, as well as annual areas converted among those forest types, agricultural, and urban lands. The SRTS output was used to define area targets for STSMs in ST-Sim under two scenarios of biomass production and one baseline, business-as-usual scenario. We show that ST-Sim output matched SRTS targets in most cases. Landscape dynamics results indicate that, compared with the baseline scenario, forest biomass production leads to more forest and, specifically, more intensively managed forest on the landscape by 2050. Thus, the STSMs, informed by forest economics models, provide important information about potential landscape effects of bioenergy production.
","language":"English","publisher":"AIMS Press","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2015.2.180","usgsCitation":"Costanza, J., Abt, R.C., McKerrow, A., and Collazo, J., 2015, Linking state-and-transition simulation and timber supply models for forest biomass production scenarios: AIMS Environmental Science, v. 2, no. 2, p. 180-202, https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.2.180.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"180","endPage":"202","ipdsId":"IP-063156","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38315,"text":"GAP Analysis Project","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471975,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.2.180","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328360,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d28bade4b0571647d0f934","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Costanza, Jennifer","contributorId":74689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costanza","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abt, Robert C.","contributorId":174475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abt","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKerrow, Alexa 0000-0002-8312-2905 amckerrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8312-2905","contributorId":127753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKerrow","given":"Alexa","email":"amckerrow@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173499,"text":"70173499 - 2015 - Is income breeding an appropriate construct for waterfowl?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T11:51:27","indexId":"70173499","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2409,"text":"Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Is income breeding an appropriate construct for waterfowl?","docAbstract":"Breeding birds use a range of nutrient accumulation and allocation strategies to meet the nutritional demands of clutch formation and incubation. On one end of the spectrum, capital breeders use stored nutrients acquired prior to clutch formation and incubation to sustain metabolism during reproduction, while on the opposite end, income breeders derive nutrients solely from exogenous sources on the breeding grounds. Blue-winged Teal (Anas discors) are an ideal candidate to test for adoption of an income strategy among migratory waterfowl because of their small body size, temperate breeding range, and timing of reproduction relative to pulses in nutrient availability within breeding habitats. We collected migrating and pre-breeding Blue-winged Teal (n = 110) during the warmest spring in over a century in the southern edge of the species’ breeding range, which produced ideal conditions to test for adoption of an income breeding strategy among migratory waterfowl. Regression analyses revealed that females accumulated protein and fat reserves early in follicle development and appeared to mobilize at least some reserves coincident with the onset of clutch formation. Accumulation and subsequent mobilization of nutrient reserves was inconsistent with adherence to an income breeding strategy and suggested breeding Blue-winged Teal used capital (albeit locally acquired) for reproduction. Our results add to existing knowledge on the ubiquity of endogenous nutrient reserve accumulation prior to and during reproduction by waterfowl, perhaps suggesting endogenous nutrient reserves are universally used for clutch formation or incubation to some degree. If indeed Blue-winged Teal and other waterfowl universally use capital for breeding, research and conservation efforts should shift from evaluating whether an income breeding strategy is used and focus on when and where necessary capital is acquired prior to clutch formation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","doi":"10.1007/s10336-015-1200-y","usgsCitation":"Janke, A.K., Anteau, M.J., Markl, N., and Stafford, J.D., 2015, Is income breeding an appropriate construct for waterfowl?: Journal of Ornithology, v. 165, no. 3, p. 755-762, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-015-1200-y.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"755","endPage":"762","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058552","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323424,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"165","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9333e4b04f417c27515c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janke, Adam K. 0000-0003-2781-7857","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2781-7857","contributorId":130959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Janke","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7176,"text":"Dept of Natl Res Mgmt, SDSU, Brookings, SD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Markl, Nicholas","contributorId":171697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Markl","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stafford, Joshua D. jstafford@usgs.gov","contributorId":4267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"Joshua","email":"jstafford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70182824,"text":"70182824 - 2015 - Paleodischarge of the Mojave River, southwestern U.S.A, investigated with single-pebble measurements of 10Be","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-01T13:00:29","indexId":"70182824","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleodischarge of the Mojave River, southwestern U.S.A, investigated with single-pebble measurements of 10Be","docAbstract":"The paleohydrology of ephemeral stream systems is an important constraint on paleoclimatic conditions in arid environments, but remains difficult to constrain quantitatively. For example, sedimentary records of the size and extent of pluvial lakes in the Mojave Desert have been used as a proxy for Quaternary climate variability. Although the delivery mechanisms of this additional water are still being debated, it is generally agreed that the discharge of the Mojave River, which supplied water for several Pleistocene pluvial lakes along its course, must have been significantly greater during lake high stands. We used the 10Be concentrations of 10 individual quartzite pebbles sourced from the San Bernardino Mountains and collected from a ~25 ka strath terrace of the Mojave River near Barstow, Calif., to test whether pebble ages record the timing of large paleodischarge of the Mojave River. Our exposure ages indicate that periods of discharge large enough to transport pebble-sized sediment occurred at least four times over the past ~240 ky; individual pebble ages cluster into four groups with exposure ages of 24.82 ± 2.52 ka (n=3), 55.79 ± 2.59 ka (n=2), 99.14 ± 6.04 ka (n=4) and 239.9 ± 52.16 ka (n=1). These inferred large discharge events occurred during both glacial and interglacial conditions. We demonstrate that bedload materials provide information about the frequency and duration of transport events in river systems. This approach could be further improved with the addition of additional measurements of one or more cosmogenic nuclides coupled with models of river discharge and pebble transport.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01134.1","usgsCitation":"Cyr, A.J., Miller, D., and Mahan, S.A., 2015, Paleodischarge of the Mojave River, southwestern U.S.A, investigated with single-pebble measurements of 10Be: Geosphere, v. 11, no. 4, p. 1158-1171, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01134.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1158","endPage":"1171","ipdsId":"IP-055448","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01134.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336756,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b7eba9e4b01ccd5500bb27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cyr, Andrew J. 0000-0003-2293-5395 acyr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2293-5395","contributorId":3539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cyr","given":"Andrew","email":"acyr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70187289,"text":"70187289 - 2015 - Transport, dam passage, and size selection of adult Atlantic Salmon in the Penobscot River, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T16:37:51","indexId":"70187289","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transport, dam passage, and size selection of adult Atlantic Salmon in the Penobscot River, Maine","docAbstract":"Prior to 2012, returning adult Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar had to pass through fishways at three dams in the lower section of the Penobscot River, Maine: Veazie Dam (river kilometer [rkm] 48; removed in 2013), Great Works Dam (rkm 60; removed in 2012), and Milford Dam (rkm 62). To facilitate better passage through the lower river, a fish transport program was implemented in 2010 and 2011. Fish were captured at Veazie Dam and were either transported by truck above Milford Dam (TRKD group) or released into the head pond above Veazie Dam (run-of-the-river [ROR] group). To assess the efficacy of transport, we used PIT telemetry to compare the performance and passage of TRKD and ROR fish based on their (1) success in reaching one of the three dams upstream of Milford Dam, (2) time taken to reach an upstream dam (transit time), and (3) success in passing that upstream dam. In both years, the percentage of fish detected at upstream dams was higher for the TRKD group (82.4% in 2010; 78.6% in 2011) than for the ROR group (41.3% in 2010; 22.4% in 2011). In addition, median transit time was faster for TRKD fish (7 d in 2010; 5 d in 2011) than for ROR fish (23 d in 2010; 25 d in 2011). However, passage success through the upstream dams did not differ between the two release groups. Our analysis also revealed a strong, negative size-selective force on dam passage: larger fish were consistently less likely to successfully pass dams than smaller fish. Finally, environmental conditions also influenced passage success. Our analysis shows that the transport of adult Atlantic Salmon can be an effective means by which to increase migration success in systems where upstream passage is poor.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2015.1099578","usgsCitation":"Sigourney, D.B., Zydlewski, J.D., Hughes, E., and Cox, O., 2015, Transport, dam passage, and size selection of adult Atlantic Salmon in the Penobscot River, Maine: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1164-1176, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2015.1099578.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1164","endPage":"1176","ipdsId":"IP-050971","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340545,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot River basin","volume":"35","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59030327e4b0e862d230f73b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sigourney, Douglas B.","contributorId":103068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sigourney","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hughes, Edward","contributorId":191500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cox, Oliver","contributorId":169717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cox","given":"Oliver","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70155517,"text":"70155517 - 2015 - Integrating multiple distribution models to guide conservation efforts of an endangered toad","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-10T11:35:56","indexId":"70155517","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-30T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating multiple distribution models to guide conservation efforts of an endangered toad","docAbstract":"Species distribution models are used for numerous purposes such as predicting changes in species’ ranges and identifying biodiversity hotspots. Although implications of distribution models for conservation are often implicit, few studies use these tools explicitly to inform conservation efforts. Herein, we illustrate how multiple distribution models developed using distinct sets of environmental variables can be integrated to aid in identification sites for use in conservation. We focus on the endangered arroyo toad (Anaxyrus californicus), which relies on open, sandy streams and surrounding floodplains in southern California, USA, and northern Baja California, Mexico. Declines of the species are largely attributed to habitat degradation associated with vegetation encroachment, invasive predators, and altered hydrologic regimes. We had three main goals: 1) develop a model of potential habitat for arroyo toads, based on long-term environmental variables and all available locality data; 2) develop a model of the species’ current habitat by incorporating recent remotely-sensed variables and only using recent locality data; and 3) integrate results of both models to identify sites that may be employed in conservation efforts. We used a machine learning technique, Random Forests, to develop the models, focused on riparian zones in southern California. We identified 14.37% and 10.50% of our study area as potential and current habitat for the arroyo toad, respectively. Generally, inclusion of remotely-sensed variables reduced modeled suitability of sites, thus many areas modeled as potential habitat were not modeled as current habitat. We propose such sites could be made suitable for arroyo toads through active management, increasing current habitat by up to 67.02%. Our general approach can be employed to guide conservation efforts of virtually any species with sufficient data necessary to develop appropriate distribution models.
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Similar responses were observed in models predicting locations used over time, accounting for spatial autocorrelation. Species clustered in response to differing habitat conditions, indicating that social attraction can co-vary with foraging strategy, water-level changes, and habitat quality. This modeling framework can be applied to evaluate the multi-annual resource pulses occurring in real-time, climate change scenarios, or restorative hydrological regimes by tracking changing seasonal and annual distribution and abundance of high quality foraging patches.
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