{"pageNumber":"1368","pageRowStart":"34175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184757,"records":[{"id":70129041,"text":"70129041 - 2014 - Deep permeability of the San Andreas Fault from San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) core samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-16T13:22:06","indexId":"70129041","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T13:17:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2468,"text":"Journal of Structural Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep permeability of the San Andreas Fault from San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) core samples","docAbstract":"The San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) scientific borehole near Parkfield, California crosses two actively creeping shear zones at a depth of 2.7 km. Core samples retrieved from these active strands consist of a foliated, Mg-clay-rich gouge containing porphyroclasts of serpentinite and sedimentary rock. The adjacent damage zone and country rocks are comprised of variably deformed, fine-grained sandstones, siltstones, and mudstones. We conducted laboratory tests to measure the permeability of representative samples from each structural unit at effective confining pressures, Pe up to the maximum estimated in situ Pe of 120 MPa. Permeability values of intact samples adjacent to the creeping strands ranged from 10−18 to 10−21 m2 at Pe = 10 MPa and decreased with applied confining pressure to 10−20–10−22 m2 at 120 MPa. Values for intact foliated gouge samples (10−21–6 × 10−23 m2 over the same pressure range) were distinctly lower than those for the surrounding rocks due to their fine-grained, clay-rich character. Permeability of both intact and crushed-and-sieved foliated gouge measured during shearing at Pe ≥ 70 MPa ranged from 2 to 4 × 10−22 m2 in the direction perpendicular to shearing and was largely insensitive to shear displacement out to a maximum displacement of 10 mm. The weak, actively-deforming foliated gouge zones have ultra-low permeability, making the active strands of the San Andreas Fault effective barriers to cross-fault fluid flow. The low matrix permeability of the San Andreas Fault creeping zones and adjacent rock combined with observations of abundant fractures in the core over a range of scales suggests that fluid flow outside of the actively-deforming gouge zones is probably fracture dominated.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Structural Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2013.09.009","usgsCitation":"Morrow, C.A., Lockner, D.A., Moore, D.E., and Hickman, S.H., 2014, Deep permeability of the San Andreas Fault from San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) core samples: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 64, p. 99-114, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2013.09.009.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"114","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-043612","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295411,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295402,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2013.09.009"}],"volume":"64","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5440de22e4b0b0a643c732c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrow, Carolyn A. 0000-0003-3500-6181 cmorrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3500-6181","contributorId":3206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrow","given":"Carolyn","email":"cmorrow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockner, David A. 0000-0001-8630-6833 dlockner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"David","email":"dlockner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Diane E. 0000-0002-8641-1075 dmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8641-1075","contributorId":2704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Diane","email":"dmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hickman, Stephen H. 0000-0003-2075-9615 hickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":2705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"Stephen","email":"hickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70133230,"text":"70133230 - 2014 - Reply to Efford on ‘Integrating resource selection information with spatial capture-recapture’","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-31T19:14:55.066942","indexId":"70133230","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to Efford on ‘Integrating resource selection information with spatial capture-recapture’","docAbstract":"

1. We proposed (Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2013, 4) a model for combining telemetry data with spatial capture–recapture (SCR) data that was vigorously criticized by Efford (Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2014, 000, 000). Efford's main claim was that our encounter probability model was incorrect, and therefore our R code and simulation results were wrong.

\n

2. In fact, our encounter probability model is correct under the Poisson point process model that we used as a basis for our integrated model. On the other hand, the basis for Efford's claims clearly rest on the assumption of an alternative model which, while possibly useful, is distinct from that analysed in Royle et al. (Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2013, 4).

\n

3. A key point of Royle et al. (Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2013, 4) was that active resource selection induces heterogeneity in encounter probability which, if unaccounted for, should bias estimates of population size or density. The models of Royle et al. (Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2013, 4) and Efford (Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2014, 000, 000) merely amount to alternative models of resource selection, and hence varying amounts of heterogeneity in encounter probability.

","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","usgsCitation":"Royle, J., Chandler, R., Sun, C.C., and Fuller, A.K., 2014, Reply to Efford on ‘Integrating resource selection information with spatial capture-recapture’: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, v. 5, no. 7, p. 603-605.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"603","endPage":"605","numberOfPages":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056116","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296076,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295956,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/2041-210X.12205/abstract"}],"volume":"5","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5465d638e4b04d4b7dbd665a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167 aroyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":3504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":524910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chandler, Richard rchandler@usgs.gov","contributorId":2511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Richard","email":"rchandler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13266,"text":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, The University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sun, Catherine C.","contributorId":70274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sun","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fuller, Angela K. 0000-0002-9247-7468 afuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-7468","contributorId":3984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Angela","email":"afuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157138,"text":"70157138 - 2014 - A shift of thermokarst lakes from carbon sources to sinks during the Holocene epoch","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-09T11:20:47","indexId":"70157138","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A shift of thermokarst lakes from carbon sources to sinks during the Holocene epoch","docAbstract":"

Thermokarst lakes formed across vast regions of Siberia and Alaska during the last deglaciation and are thought to be a net source of atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide during the Holocene epoch1,2,3,4. However, the same thermokarst lakes can also sequester carbon5, and it remains uncertain whether carbon uptake by thermokarst lakes can offset their greenhouse gas emissions. Here we use field observations of Siberian permafrost exposures, radiocarbon dating and spatial analyses to quantify Holocene carbon stocks and fluxes in lake sediments overlying thawed Pleistocene-aged permafrost. We find that carbon accumulation in deep thermokarst-lake sediments since the last deglaciation is about 1.6 times larger than the mass of Pleistocene-aged permafrost carbon released as greenhouse gases when the lakes first formed. Although methane and carbon dioxide emissions following thaw lead to immediate radiative warming, carbon uptake in peat-rich sediments occurs over millennial timescales. We assess thermokarst-lake carbon feedbacks to climate with an atmospheric perturbation model and find that thermokarst basins switched from a net radiative warming to a net cooling climate effect about 5,000 years ago. High rates of Holocene carbon accumulation in 20 lake sediments (47±10 grams of carbon per square metre per year; mean±standard error) were driven by thermokarst erosion and deposition of terrestrial organic matter, by nutrient release from thawing permafrost that stimulated lake productivity and by slow decomposition in cold, anoxic lake bottoms. When lakes eventually drained, permafrost formation rapidly sequestered sediment carbon. Our estimate of about 160petagrams of Holocene organic carbon in deep lake basins of Siberia and Alaska increases the circumpolar peat carbon pool estimate for permafrost regions by over 50 per cent (ref. 6). The carbon in perennially frozen drained lake sediments may become vulnerable to mineralization as permafrost disappears7,8,9, potentially negating the climate stabilization provided by thermokarst lakes during the late Holocene.

","language":"English","publisher":"Macmillan Journals Ltd.","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1038/nature13560","usgsCitation":"Walter Anthony, K., Zimov, S.A., Grosse, G., Jones, M.C., Anthony, P., Chapin, F.S., Finlay, J.C., Mack, M.C., Davydov, S., Frenzel, P.F., and Frolking, S., 2014, A shift of thermokarst lakes from carbon sources to sinks during the Holocene epoch: Nature, v. 511, no. 7510, p. 452-469, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13560.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"452","endPage":"469","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056641","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1776462","text":"External Repository"},{"id":308000,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"511","issue":"7510","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f1582de4b0dacf699eb956","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walter Anthony, K. M.","contributorId":147462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walter Anthony","given":"K. M.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimov, S. A.","contributorId":147463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimov","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12544,"text":"Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grosse, G.","contributorId":82140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosse","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, Miriam C. 0000-0002-6650-7619 miriamjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6650-7619","contributorId":4056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Miriam","email":"miriamjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anthony, P.","contributorId":147464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anthony","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chapin, F. S. III","contributorId":16776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapin","given":"F.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Finlay, J. C.","contributorId":147465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finlay","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mack, M. C.","contributorId":147466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mack","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Davydov, S.","contributorId":147467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davydov","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12544,"text":"Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Frenzel, P. F.","contributorId":98726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frenzel","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Frolking, S.","contributorId":96565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frolking","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70124548,"text":"70124548 - 2014 - Previous success and current body condition determine breeding propensity in Lesser Scaup: evidence for the individual heterogeneity hypothesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-24T15:16:03","indexId":"70124548","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T11:58:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Previous success and current body condition determine breeding propensity in Lesser Scaup: evidence for the individual heterogeneity hypothesis","docAbstract":"The decision to breed influences an individual's current and future reproduction, and the proportion of individuals that breed is an important determinant of population dynamics. Age, experience, individual quality, and environmental conditions have all been demonstrated to influence breeding propensity. To elucidate which of these factors exerts the greatest influence on breeding propensity in a temperate waterfowl, we studied female Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) breeding in southwestern Montana. Females were captured during the breeding seasons of 2007–2009, and breeding status was determined on the basis of (1) presence of an egg in the oviduct or (2) blood plasma vitellogenin (VTG) levels. Presence on the study site in the previous year, a proxy for adult female success, was determined with stable isotope signatures of a primary feather collected at capture. Overall, 57% of females had evidence of breeding at the time of capture; this increased to 86% for females captured on or after peak nest initiation. Capture date and size-adjusted body condition positively influenced breeding propensity, with a declining body-condition threshold through the breeding season. We did not detect an influence of age on breeding propensity. Drought conditions negatively affected breeding propensity, reducing the proportion of breeding females to 0.85 (SE = 0.05) from 0.94 (SE = 0.03) during normal-water years. A female that was present in the previous breeding season was 5% more likely to breed than a female that was not present then. The positive correlation between age and experience makes it difficult to differentiate the roles of age, experience, and individual quality in reproductive success in vertebrates. Our results indicate that individual quality, as expressed by previous success and current body condition, may be among the most important determinants of breeding propensity in female Lesser Scaup, providing further support for the individual heterogeneity hypothesis.","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/AUK-13-236.1","usgsCitation":"Warren, J.M., Cutting, K.A., Takekawa, J.Y., De La Cruz, S.E., Williams, T., and Koons, D.N., 2014, Previous success and current body condition determine breeding propensity in Lesser Scaup: evidence for the individual heterogeneity hypothesis: The Auk, v. 131, no. 3, p. 287-297, https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-13-236.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"297","ipdsId":"IP-054308","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472901,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/auk-13-236.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":293825,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Lower Red Rock Lake, Red Rock Lakes National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.907962,44.577373 ], [ -111.907962,44.715944 ], [ -111.582843,44.715944 ], [ -111.582843,44.577373 ], [ -111.907962,44.577373 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"131","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54140b24e4b082fed288b949","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warren, Jeffrey M.","contributorId":16297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cutting, Kyle A.","contributorId":44479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cutting","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"De La Cruz, Susan E.W. 0000-0001-6315-0864 sdelacruz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-0864","contributorId":3248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De La Cruz","given":"Susan","email":"sdelacruz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.W.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, Tony D.","contributorId":89813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Tony D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Koons, David N.","contributorId":28137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":500888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70046545,"text":"70046545 - 2014 - Titanium 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-01T11:15:44","indexId":"70046545","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T11:49:11","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Titanium 2013","docAbstract":"

Titanium is the ninth most abundant element in the earth's crust and can be found in nearly all rocks and sediments. It is a lithophile element with a strong affinity for oxygen and is not found as a pure metal in nature. Titanium was first isolated as a pure metal in 1910, but it was not until 1948 that the metal was produced commercially using the Kroll process (named after its developer, William Kroll) to reduce titanium tetrachloride with magnesium to produce titanium metal.

","language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"SME, 2014, Titanium 2013: Mining Engineering, v. 66, no. 7, p. 35-35.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045335","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324713,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324714,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://me.smenet.org/abstract.cfm?preview=1&articleID=4961&page=35"}],"country":"UNITED STATES","volume":"66","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57779435e4b07dd077c9063a"} ,{"id":70145487,"text":"70145487 - 2014 - Assessment of tsunami hazard to the U.S. Atlantic margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-09T13:00:10","indexId":"70145487","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of tsunami hazard to the U.S. Atlantic margin","docAbstract":"

Tsunami hazard is a very low-probability, but potentially high-risk natural hazard, posing unique challenges to scientists and policy makers trying to mitigate its impacts. These challenges are illustrated in this assessment of tsunami hazard to the U.S. Atlantic margin. Seismic activity along the U.S. Atlantic margin in general is low, and confirmed paleo-tsunami deposits have not yet been found, suggesting a very low rate of hazard. However, the devastating 1929 Grand Banks tsunami along the Atlantic margin of Canada shows that these events continue to occur. Densely populated areas, extensive industrial and port facilities, and the presence of ten nuclear power plants along the coast, make this region highly vulnerable to flooding by tsunamis and therefore even low-probability events need to be evaluated.

\n

We can presently draw several tentative conclusions regarding tsunami hazard to the U.S. Atlantic coast. Landslide tsunamis likely constitute the biggest tsunami hazard to the coast. Only a small number of landslides have so far been dated and they are generally older than 10,000 years. The geographical distribution of landslides along the margin is expected to be uneven and to depend on the distribution of seismic activity along the margin and on the geographical distribution of Pleistocene sediment. We do not see evidence that gas hydrate dissociation contributes to the generation of landslides along the U.S. Atlantic margin. Analysis of landslide statistics along the fluvial and glacial portions of the margin indicate that most of the landslides are translational, were probably initiated by seismic acceleration, and failed as aggregate slope failures. How tsunamis are generated from aggregate landslides remains however, unclear. Estimates of the recurrence interval of earthquakes along the continental slope may provide maximum estimates for the recurrence interval of landslide along the margin.

\n

Tsunamis caused by atmospheric disturbances and by coastal earthquakes may be more frequent than those generated by landslides, but their amplitudes are probably smaller. Among the possible far-field earthquake sources, only earthquakes located within the Gulf of Cadiz or west of the Tore-Madeira Rise are likely to affect the U.S. coast. It is questionable whether earthquakes on the Puerto Rico Trench are capable of producing a large enough tsunami that will affect the U.S. Atlantic coast. More information is needed to evaluate the seismic potential of the northern Cuba fold-and-thrust belt. The hazard from a volcano flank collapse in the Canary Islands is likely smaller than originally stated, and there is not enough information to evaluate the magnitude and frequency of flank collapse from the Azores Islands. Both deterministic and probabilistic methods to evaluate the tsunami hazard from the margin are available for application to the Atlantic margin, but their implementation requires more information than is currently available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2014.02.011","usgsCitation":"ten Brink, U., Chaytor, J., Geist, E.L., Brothers, D., and Andrews, B., 2014, Assessment of tsunami hazard to the U.S. Atlantic margin: Marine Geology, v. 353, p. 31-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2014.02.011.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"54","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055071","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/6774","text":"External Repository"},{"id":299450,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"353","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5524ffaae4b027f0aee3d46f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":544228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chaytor, Jason 0000-0001-8135-8677 jchaytor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8135-8677","contributorId":140095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"Jason","email":"jchaytor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150 egeist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":1956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"egeist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brothers, Daniel S. dbrothers@usgs.gov","contributorId":140096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Daniel S.","email":"dbrothers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":544231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andrews, Brian D. bandrews@usgs.gov","contributorId":138513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Brian D.","email":"bandrews@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":544232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70157127,"text":"70157127 - 2014 - Sediment concentrations, flow conditions, and downstream evolution of two turbidity currents, Monterey Canyon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-09T10:35:41","indexId":"70157127","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1370,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment concentrations, flow conditions, and downstream evolution of two turbidity currents, Monterey Canyon, USA","docAbstract":"

The capacity of turbidity currents to carry sand and coarser sediment from shallow to deep regions in the submarine environment has attracted the attention of researchers from different disciplines. Yet not only are field measurements of oceanic turbidity currents a rare achievement, but also the data that have been collected consist mostly of velocity records with very limited or no suspended sediment concentration or grain size distribution data. This work focuses on two turbidity currents measured in Monterey Canyon in 2002 with emphasis on suspended sediment from unique samples collected within the body of these currents. It is shown that concentration and grain size of the suspended material, primarily controlled by the source of the gravity flows and their interaction with bed material, play a significant role in shaping the characteristics of the turbidity currents as they travel down the canyon. Before the flows reach their normal or quasi-steady state, which is defined by bed slope, bed roughness, and suspended grain size, they might pass through a preliminary adjustment stage where they are subject to capacity-driven deposition, and release heavy material in excess. Flows composed of fine (silt/clay) sediments tend to be thicker than those with sands. The measured velocity and concentration data confirm that flow patterns differ between the front and body of turbidity currents and that, even after reaching normal state, the flow regime can be radically disrupted by abrupt changes in canyon morphology.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2014.04.001","usgsCitation":"Xu, J., Sequeiros, O.E., and Noble, M.A., 2014, Sediment concentrations, flow conditions, and downstream evolution of two turbidity currents, Monterey Canyon, USA: Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 89, p. 11-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2014.04.001.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049816","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307993,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f15832e4b0dacf699eb97d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, Jingping jpx@usgs.gov","contributorId":2574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Jingping","email":"jpx@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sequeiros, Octavio E.","contributorId":147450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sequeiros","given":"Octavio","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16856,"text":"Shell Global Solutions International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noble, Marlene A. mnoble@usgs.gov","contributorId":1429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"Marlene","email":"mnoble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70146519,"text":"70146519 - 2014 - Editorial for Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-20T10:10:10","indexId":"70146519","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Editorial for Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","docAbstract":"

Hydrological regimes and processes show strong regional differences. While some regions are affected by extreme drought and desertification, others are under threat of increased fluvial and/or pluvial floods. Changes to hydrological systems as a consequence of natural variations and human activities are region-specific. Many of these changes have significant interactions with and implications for human life and ecosystems. Amongst others, population growth, improvements in living standards and other demographic and socio-economic trends, related changes in water and energy demands, change in land use, water abstractions and returns to the hydrological system (UNEP, 2008), introduce temporal and spatial changes to the system and cause contamination of surface and ground waters. Hydro-meteorological boundary conditions are also undergoing spatial and temporal changes. Climate change has been shown to increase temporal and spatial variations of rainfall, increase temperature and cause changes to evapotranspiration and other hydro-meteorological variables (IPCC, 2013). However, these changes are also region specific. In addition to these climate trends, (multi)-decadal oscillatory changes in climatic conditions and large variations in meteorological conditions will continue to occur.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.06.004","usgsCitation":"Willems, P., Batelaan, O., Hughes, D.A., and Swarzenski, P.W., 2014, Editorial for Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, v. 1, p. A1-A5, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.06.004.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"A1","endPage":"A5","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061817","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472903,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.06.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299705,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.06.004"}],"volume":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55362338e4b0b22a15807a8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willems, Patrick","contributorId":140282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Willems","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13440,"text":"KU Leuven, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Hydraulics Section, Kasteelpark Arenberg 40, 3001 Leuven, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batelaan, Okke","contributorId":140280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Batelaan","given":"Okke","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13438,"text":"Flinders University, School of the Environment, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hughes, Denis A.","contributorId":140281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes","given":"Denis","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13439,"text":"Rhodes University, Institute for Water Research, P.O. Box 94, 6140 Grahamstown, South Africa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter W. 0000-0003-0116-0578 pswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":1070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","email":"pswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70115014,"text":"70115014 - 2014 - Pyroclast textural variation as an indicator of eruption column steadiness in andesitic Plinian eruptions at Mt. Ruapehu","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T09:13:19","indexId":"70115014","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T11:11:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pyroclast textural variation as an indicator of eruption column steadiness in andesitic Plinian eruptions at Mt. Ruapehu","docAbstract":"Between 27 and 11 cal. ka BP, a transition is observed in Plinian eruptions at Mt. Ruapehu, indicating evolution from non-collapsing (steady and oscillatory) eruption columns to partially collapsing columns (both wet and dry). To determine the causes of these variations over this eruptive interval, we examined lapilli fall deposits from four eruptions representing the climactic phases of each column type. All eruptions involve andesite to basaltic andesite magmas containing plagioclase, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene and magnetite phenocrysts. Differences occur in the dominant pumice texture, the degree of bulk chemistry and textural variability, the average microcrystallinity and the composition of groundmass glass. In order to investigate the role of ascent and degassing processes on column stability, vesicle textures were quantified by gas volume pycnometry (porosity), X-ray synchrotron and computed microtomography (μ-CT) imagery from representative clasts from each eruption. These data were linked to groundmass crystallinity and glass geochemistry. Pumice textures were classified into six types (foamy, sheared, fibrous, microvesicular, microsheared and dense) according to the vesicle content, size and shape and microlite content. Bulk porosities vary from 19 to 95 % among all textural types. Melt-referenced vesicle number density ranges between 1.8 × 102 and 8.9 × 102 mm−3, except in fibrous textures, where it spans from 0.3 × 102 to 53 × 102 mm−3. Vesicle-free magnetite number density varies within an order of magnitude from 0.4 × 102 to 4.5 × 102 mm−3 in samples with dacitic groundmass glass and between 0.0 and 2.3 × 102 mm−3 in samples with rhyolitic groundmass. The data indicate that columns that collapsed to produce pyroclastic flows contained pumice with the greatest variation in bulk composition (which overlaps with but extends to slightly more silicic compositions than other eruptive products); textures indicating heterogeneous bubble nucleation, progressively more complex growth history and shear-localization; and the highest degrees of microlite crystallization, most evolved melt compositions and lowest relative temperatures. These findings suggest that collapsing columns in Ruapehu have been produced when strain localization is prominent, early bubble nucleation occurs and variation in decompression rate across the conduit is greatest. This study shows that examination of pumice from steady phases that precede column collapse may be used to predict subsequent column behaviour.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-014-0822-x","usgsCitation":"Pardo, N., Cronin, S.J., Wright, H.M., Schipper, C.I., Smith, I., and Stewart, B., 2014, Pyroclast textural variation as an indicator of eruption column steadiness in andesitic Plinian eruptions at Mt. Ruapehu: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 76, no. 5, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-014-0822-x.","productDescription":"19 p.","numberOfPages":"19","ipdsId":"IP-051160","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289304,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","otherGeospatial":"Mt. Ruapehu","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 175.3988,-39.4004 ], [ 175.3988,-39.1655 ], [ 175.7497,-39.1655 ], [ 175.7497,-39.4004 ], [ 175.3988,-39.4004 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"76","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3ca55e4b07c5f79a7f31b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pardo, Natalia","contributorId":63729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pardo","given":"Natalia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, Shane J.","contributorId":98640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Shane","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, Heather M. 0000-0001-9013-507X hwright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-507X","contributorId":3949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Heather","email":"hwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schipper, C. Ian","contributorId":102395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schipper","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Ian","contributorId":46426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Ian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stewart, Bob","contributorId":36863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Bob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70117448,"text":"70117448 - 2014 - Geologic history of Siletzia, a large igneous province in the Oregon and Washington Coast Range: Correlation to the geomagnetic polarity time scale and implications for a long-lived Yellowstone hotspot","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-26T13:33:57.393233","indexId":"70117448","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T11:10:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic history of Siletzia, a large igneous province in the Oregon and Washington Coast Range: Correlation to the geomagnetic polarity time scale and implications for a long-lived Yellowstone hotspot","docAbstract":"Siletzia is a basaltic Paleocene and Eocene large igneous province in coastal Oregon, Washington, and southern Vancouver Island that was accreted to North America in the early Eocene. New U-Pb magmatic, detrital zircon, and 40Ar/39Ar ages constrained by detailed field mapping, global nannoplankton zones, and magnetic polarities allow correlation of the volcanics with the 2012 geologic time scale. The data show that Siletzia was rapidly erupted 56–49 Ma, during the Chron 25–22 plate reorganization in the northeast Pacific basin. Accretion was completed between 51 and 49 Ma in Oregon, based on CP11 (CP—Coccolith Paleogene zone) coccoliths in strata overlying onlapping continental sediments. Magmatism continued in the northern Oregon Coast Range until ca. 46 Ma with the emplacement of a regional sill complex during or shortly after accretion. Isotopic signatures similar to early Columbia River basalts, the great crustal thickness of Siletzia in Oregon, rapid eruption, and timing of accretion are consistent with offshore formation as an oceanic plateau. Approximately 8 m.y. after accretion, margin parallel extension of the forearc, emplacement of regional dike swarms, and renewed magmatism of the Tillamook episode peaked at 41.6 Ma (CP zone 14a; Chron 19r). We examine the origin of Siletzia and consider the possible role of a long-lived Yellowstone hotspot using the reconstruction in GPlates, an open source plate model. In most hotspot reference frames, the Yellowstone hotspot (YHS) is on or near an inferred northeast-striking Kula-Farallon and/or Resurrection-Farallon ridge between 60 and 50 Ma. In this configuration, the YHS could have provided a 56–49 Ma source on the Farallon plate for Siletzia, which accreted to North America by 50 Ma. A sister plateau, the Eocene basalt basement of the Yakutat terrane, now in Alaska, formed contemporaneously on the adjacent Kula (or Resurrection) plate and accreted to coastal British Columbia at about the same time. Following accretion of Siletzia, the leading edge of North America overrode the YHS ca. 42 Ma. The voluminous high-Ti basaltic to alkalic magmatism of the 42–35 Ma Tillamook episode and extension in the forearc may be related to the encounter with an active YHS. Clockwise rotation of western Oregon about a pole in the backarc has since moved the Tillamook center and underlying Siletzia northward ∼250 km from the probable hotspot track on North America. In the reference frames we examined, the YHS arrives in the backarc ∼5 m.y. too early to match the 17 Ma magmatic flare-up commonly attributed to the YHS. We suggest that interaction with the subducting slab may have delayed arrival of the plume beneath the backarc.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01018.1","usgsCitation":"Wells, R., Bukry, D., Friedman, R., Pyle, D., Duncan, R., Haeussler, P.J., and Wooden, J., 2014, Geologic history of Siletzia, a large igneous province in the Oregon and Washington Coast Range: Correlation to the geomagnetic polarity time scale and implications for a long-lived Yellowstone hotspot: Geosphere, v. 10, no. 4, p. 692-719, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01018.1.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"692","endPage":"719","numberOfPages":"28","ipdsId":"IP-052697","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472904,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01018.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":291674,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Oregon, Vancouver, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Siletzia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -158.0,40.0 ], [ -158.0,68.0 ], [ -114.0,68.0 ], [ -114.0,40.0 ], [ -158.0,40.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"10","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e1efcbe4b0fe532be2de21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, Ray 0000-0002-7796-0160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":71260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bukry, David 0000-0003-4540-890X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-890X","contributorId":30980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Friedman, Richard","contributorId":59363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pyle, Douglas","contributorId":56985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyle","given":"Douglas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duncan, Robert","contributorId":74688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncan","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wooden, Joe","contributorId":14313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joe","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70120504,"text":"70120504 - 2014 - Natural regeneration processes in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-15T11:04:13","indexId":"70120504","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T11:02:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural regeneration processes in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata)","docAbstract":"

Big sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata Nuttall (Asteraceae), is the dominant plant species of large portions of semiarid western North America. However, much of historical big sagebrush vegetation has been removed or modified. Thus, regeneration is recognized as an important component for land management. Limited knowledge about key regeneration processes, however, represents an obstacle to identifying successful management practices and to gaining greater insight into the consequences of increasing disturbance frequency and global change. Therefore, our objective is to synthesize knowledge about natural big sagebrush regeneration. We identified and characterized the controls of big sagebrush seed production, germination, and establishment. The largest knowledge gaps and associated research needs include quiescence and dormancy of embryos and seedlings; variation in seed production and germination percentages; wet-thermal time model of germination; responses to frost events (including freezing/thawing of soils), CO2 concentration, and nutrients in combination with water availability; suitability of microsite vs. site conditions; competitive ability as well as seedling growth responses; and differences among subspecies and ecoregions. Potential impacts of climate change on big sagebrush regeneration could include that temperature increases may not have a large direct influence on regeneration due to the broad temperature optimum for regeneration, whereas indirect effects could include selection for populations with less stringent seed dormancy. Drier conditions will have direct negative effects on germination and seedling survival and could also lead to lighter seeds, which lowers germination success further. The short seed dispersal distance of big sagebrush may limit its tracking of suitable climate; whereas, the low competitive ability of big sagebrush seedlings may limit successful competition with species that track climate. An improved understanding of the ecology of big sagebrush regeneration should benefit resource management activities and increase the ability of land managers to anticipate global change impacts.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Range Management","doi":"10.2111/REM-D-13-00079.1","usgsCitation":"Schlaepfer, D., Lauenroth, W.K., and Bradford, J.B., 2014, Natural regeneration processes in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata): Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 67, no. 4, p. 344-357, https://doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-13-00079.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"344","endPage":"357","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-042932","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292279,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292243,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-13-00079.1"}],"volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ef1ed5e4b0bfa1f993efd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schlaepfer, Daniel R.","contributorId":105189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schlaepfer","given":"Daniel R.","affiliations":[{"id":7098,"text":"University of Wyoming, Department of Botany, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":498281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lauenroth, William K.","contributorId":80982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lauenroth","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7098,"text":"University of Wyoming, Department of Botany, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":498280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70118955,"text":"70118955 - 2014 - Replacement cost valuation of Northern Pintail (Anas acuta) subsistence harvest in Arctic and sub-Arctic North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T15:04:45","indexId":"70118955","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T10:58:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1910,"text":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Replacement cost valuation of Northern Pintail (Anas acuta) subsistence harvest in Arctic and sub-Arctic North America","docAbstract":"

Migratory species provide economically beneficial ecosystem services to people throughout their range, yet often, information is lacking about the magnitude and spatial distribution of these benefits at regional scales. We conducted a case study for Northern Pintails (hereafter pintail) in which we quantified regional and sub-regional economic values of subsistence harvest to indigenous communities in Arctic and sub-Arctic North America. As a first step, we used the replacement cost method to quantify the cost of replacing pintail subsistence harvest with the most similar commercially available protein (chicken). For an estimated annual subsistence harvest of ˜15,000 pintail, our mean estimate of the total replacement cost was ˜$63,000 yr−1 ($2010 USD), with sub-regional values ranging from \\$263 yr−1 to \\$21,930 yr−1. Our results provide an order-of-magnitude, conservative estimate of one component of the regional ecosystem-service values of pintails, providing perspective on how spatially explicit values can inform migratory species conservation.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10871209.2014.917345","usgsCitation":"Goldstein, J.H., Thogmartin, W.E., Bagstad, K.J., Dubovsky, J.A., Mattsson, B., Semmens, D.J., López-Hoffman, L., and Diffendorfer, J., 2014, Replacement cost valuation of Northern Pintail (Anas acuta) subsistence harvest in Arctic and sub-Arctic North America: Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal, v. 19, no. 4, p. 347-354, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2014.917345.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"354","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-040665","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291517,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291516,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2014.917345"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53dca9cde4b0761578637782","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldstein, Joshua H.","contributorId":7208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bagstad, Kenneth J. 0000-0001-8857-5615 kjbagstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8857-5615","contributorId":3680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagstad","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjbagstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dubovsky, James A.","contributorId":100763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubovsky","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mattsson, Brady J.","contributorId":84205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattsson","given":"Brady J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Semmens, Darius J. 0000-0001-7924-6529 dsemmens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-6529","contributorId":1714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"Darius","email":"dsemmens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"López-Hoffman, Laura","contributorId":77397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"López-Hoffman","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Diffendorfer, James E. 0000-0003-1093-6948 jediffendorfer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1093-6948","contributorId":3208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diffendorfer","given":"James E.","email":"jediffendorfer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70048967,"text":"sir20105090O - 2014 - Regional mapping of hydrothermally altered igneous rocks along the Urumieh-Dokhtar, Chagai, and Alborz Belts of western Asia using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data and Interactive Data Language (IDL) logical operators: a tool for porphyry copper exploration and assessment","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70048967,"text":"sir20105090O - 2014 - Regional mapping of hydrothermally altered igneous rocks along the Urumieh-Dokhtar, Chagai, and Alborz Belts of western Asia using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data and Interactive Data Language (IDL) logical operators: a tool for porphyry copper exploration and assessment","indexId":"sir20105090O","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"O","title":"Regional mapping of hydrothermally altered igneous rocks along the Urumieh-Dokhtar, Chagai, and Alborz Belts of western Asia using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data and Interactive Data Language (IDL) logical operators: a tool for porphyry copper exploration and assessment"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 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Regional maps of phyllic and argillic hydrothermal alteration were compiled using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data and logical operator algorithms. The area mapped extends from northwestern Iran to southeastern Pakistan and includes volcanic and magmatic arcs that make up the Urumieh-Dokhtar volcanic belt (UDVB), the Chagai volcanic belt (CVB), and the central part of the Alborz magmatic belt (AMB). The volcanic belts span the Zagros-Makran transform zone and the present day Baluchistan (Makran) volcanic arc. ASTER visible near infrared (VNIR) data contain three bands between 0.52 and 0.86 micrometers (μm) and the short-wave infrared (SWIR) data consist of six bands spanning 1.6 to 2.43 μm with 15-meter (m), and 30-m resolution, respectively.

\n

 

\n

During the 8-year project, three different calibration methods were used to correct ASTER SWIR anomalies and produce ASTER calibrated reflectance data, which were then used to map hydrothermally altered rocks. Logical operators, used to map hydrothermally altered rocks, perform multiple band ratios and thresholds that can be applied to multiple ASTER scenes using a single algorithm, thus eliminating separate production and application of vegetation and dark pixel masks. Argillic and phyllic band ratio logical operators use band ratios that define the 2.17- and 2.20-μm absorption features to map kaolinite and alunite, typical in argillized rocks, and muscovite, which is a common mineral in phyllic alteration. Band thresholds for ratios in argillic and phyllic logical operator algorithms were determined by mapping known argillic and phyllic rocks at a calibration test site in Cuprite, Nevada, in the United States.

\n

 

\n

The regional argillic and phyllic hydrothermal alteration map and geologic and deposit maps of the study area illustrate that distinct patterns of altered rocks are typically associated with certain types of mineral deposits. The central part of the UDVB contains numerous circular to elliptical patterns (1 to 5 kilometers in diameter) of mapped phyllic- and argillic-altered rocks associated with Eocene to Miocene intrusive igneous rocks, some of which host known porphyry copper deposits such as at Meiduk, Sar Cheshmeh, and Seridune in Iran. The Zagros-Makran transform zone and areas adjacent to the Saindak porphyry deposit and Taftan Volcano contain primarily phyllic-altered rocks that form linear patterns associated with extensive faulting and fractures indicative of epithermal and (or) polymetallic vein deposits.

\n

 

\n

The ASTER alteration map and corresponding geologic maps were used to select circular to elliptical patterns of argillic- and phyllic-altered volcanic and intrusive rocks as potential porphyry copper sites. One hundred and seventy eight potential porphyry copper sites were mapped along the UDVB, and 23 sites were mapped along the CVB. The potential sites were selected to assist in further exploration and assessments of undiscovered porphyry copper deposits.

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Virgin Islands: an annotated checklist","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-01T10:55:23","indexId":"70115101","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T10:42:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3814,"text":"Zootaxa","onlineIssn":"1175-5334","printIssn":"1175-5326","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marine and inland fishes of St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands: an annotated checklist","docAbstract":"An historical account is given for the ichthyological research at St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands, followed by an annotated list of 544 species of mostly marine shore fishes known or reported from the island to depths of 200 m. Color photographs are included for 103 of these species. Collections made at Buck Island Reef National Monument with the ichthyocide rotenone in 2001 and 2005 increased the known ichthyofauna by about 80 species. The rational for inclusion of each species in the checklist is given, with remarks for those species for which additional documentation or voucher specimens are needed. Reports of species known or presumed to have been based on misidentifications are discussed. Of the total marine fish fauna of the island, 404 species (75%) are restricted to the western Atlantic Ocean, (223 of these species are essentially Caribbean endemics that do not occur south of the Amazon River outflow), and no St. Croix endemic species are known. An additional 17 species (3.2%) also occur at mid-Atlantic islands, 57 species (10.6 %) are limited to both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, and 40 species (7.4%) have circumtropical distributions. The four most species-rich families are the Gobiidae (47 species), Serranidae (groupers and sea basses, 41), Labridae (wrasses and parrotfishes, 31), and Labrisomidae (scaly blennies, 27). Literature reports of Mosquitofish, Gambusia sp., from St. Croix apparently were based on misidentifications of a different introduced poeciliid genus. Four species of the amphidromus goby genus Sicydium occur in St. Croix inland waters, together with three established introduced species (one cichlid and two poeciliids). Also included are one catfish (Ictaluridae) and three sunfishes (Centrarchidae) known only from ponds. The Lionfish, Pterois volitans, the only introduced marine species, was first reported from St. Croix in 2008 and is now common despite control efforts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Zootaxa","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Magnolia Press","publisherLocation":"Auckland, New Zealand","doi":"10.11646/zootaxa.3803.1.1","usgsCitation":"Smith-Vaniz, W., and Jelks, H.L., 2014, Marine and inland fishes of St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands: an annotated checklist: Zootaxa, v. 3803, no. 1, p. 1-120, https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3803.1.1.","productDescription":"120 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"120","ipdsId":"IP-050790","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472906,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3803.1.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F74F1NTB","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Annotated checklist of marine and inland fishes of St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands"},{"id":289302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289301,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3803.1.1"}],"country":"U.S. Virgin Islands","otherGeospatial":"Caribbean;St. Croix","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -68.0,9.25 ], [ -68.0,19.25 ], [ -60.0,19.25 ], [ -60.0,9.25 ], [ -68.0,9.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"3803","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3ca54e4b07c5f79a7f317","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith-Vaniz, William F.","contributorId":45635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith-Vaniz","given":"William F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jelks, Howard L. 0000-0002-0672-6297 hjelks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0672-6297","contributorId":2962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jelks","given":"Howard","email":"hjelks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70217342,"text":"70217342 - 2014 - Age, chemistry, and correlations of Neoproterozoic–Devonian igneous rocks of the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka terrane: An overview with new U-Pb ages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-18T16:33:57.569936","indexId":"70217342","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T10:28:30","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Age, chemistry, and correlations of Neoproterozoic–Devonian igneous rocks of the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka terrane: An overview with new U-Pb ages","docAbstract":"

The Arctic Alaska–Chukotka terrane is a microcontinent with an origin exotic to Laurentia. We used a sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) to date nine samples of Neoproterozoic rock and five samples of Devonian rock from the Brooks Range and Seward Peninsula of Alaska and from the Chukotka Peninsula of northeastern Russia. Felsic magmatism occurred at 968 Ma and 742 Ma in the Brooks Range and at 865 Ma and 670–666 Ma on Seward Peninsula. Felsic igneous rocks in Chukotka were dated at 656 Ma and 574 Ma. Devonian igneous rocks are found throughout the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka terrane, and we dated samples with ages of 391 Ma, 390 Ma, 385 Ma, 371 Ma, and 363 Ma. The felsic character of the Neoproterozoic rocks suggests formation at least in part through crustal melting. The age of the crustal source rocks that melted to form the Neoproterozoic rocks is inferred to be Mesoproterozoic based on Nd model ages ranging from 1.6 to 1.4 Ga. Rocks of this age range have been reported from the basement of Baltica but are rare in Laurentia. The 565 Ma orthogneisses on Seward Peninsula have ca. 1.1 Ga Nd model ages. Devonian igneous rocks have a wide range of model ages ranging from 1.6 to 0.8 Ga. The tectonic setting of the 968 Ma, 865 Ma, and 742 Ma rocks is unknown. The ca. 670 Ma magmatism on Seward Peninsula is interpreted to have occurred in an arc setting based on geochemistry and similarities in their ages to the Avalonian–Cadomian arc system peripheral to Gondwana. Latest Neoproterozoic magmatism is inferred to have occurred in a rift setting based on composition and the Paleozoic passive margin sequence that was deposited across the Arctic Alaska–Chukokta terrane. Devonian magmatism likely occurred in an arc and/or backarc rift setting. Significant uncertainties remain concerning the age of the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka terrane basement, particularly the age of the host rocks for Neoproterozoic intrusions.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reconstruction of a Late Proterozoic to Devonian continental margin sequence, northern Alaska, its paleogeographic significance, and contained base-metal sulfide deposits","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2014.2506(02)","usgsCitation":"Amato, J.M., Aleinikoff, J.N., Akinin, V.V., McClelland, W.C., and Toro, J., 2014, Age, chemistry, and correlations of Neoproterozoic–Devonian igneous rocks of the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka terrane: An overview with new U-Pb ages, chap. of Reconstruction of a Late Proterozoic to Devonian continental margin sequence, northern Alaska, its paleogeographic significance, and contained base-metal sulfide deposits, v. 506, p. 29-58, https://doi.org/10.1130/2014.2506(02).","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"58","ipdsId":"IP-049818","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382273,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -168.134765625,\n 62.471723714758724\n ],\n [\n -145.5908203125,\n 62.471723714758724\n ],\n [\n -145.5908203125,\n 69.99053495947653\n ],\n [\n -168.134765625,\n 69.99053495947653\n ],\n [\n -168.134765625,\n 62.471723714758724\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"506","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808428,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Till, Alison B. 0000-0002-6640-6877 atill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6640-6877","contributorId":210053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Till","given":"Alison","email":"atill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808427,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Amato, Jeffrey M","contributorId":247820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amato","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":49664,"text":"Dept of Geolgical Sciences, New Mexico State Universtiy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aleinikoff, John N. 0000-0003-3494-6841 jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":1478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"John","email":"jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Akinin, Vyacheslav V","contributorId":247821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Akinin","given":"Vyacheslav","email":"","middleInitial":"V","affiliations":[{"id":49665,"text":"North East Scientific Research Institute, Far East Branc, Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan, Russia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McClelland, William C.","contributorId":194066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McClelland","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Toro, Jaime","contributorId":247822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Toro","given":"Jaime","affiliations":[{"id":49666,"text":"Dept of Geology and Geography, West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70115103,"text":"70115103 - 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However, methane-formation temperatures in nature are often poorly constrained. We measured formation temperatures of thermogenic and biogenic methane using a “clumped isotope” technique. Thermogenic gases yield formation temperatures between 157° and 221°C, within the nominal gas window, and biogenic gases yield formation temperatures consistent with their comparatively lower-temperature formational environments (<50°C). In systems where gases have migrated and other proxies for gas-generation temperature yield ambiguous results, methane clumped-isotope temperatures distinguish among and allow for independent tests of possible gas-formation models.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.1254509","usgsCitation":"Stolper, D., Lawson, M., Davis, C., Ferreira, A., Santos Neto, E.V., Ellis, G., Lewan, M.D., Martini, A.M., Tang, Y., Schoell, M., Sessions, A., and Eiler, J., 2014, Formation temperatures of thermogenic and biogenic methane: Science, v. 344, no. 6191, p. 1500-1503, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1254509.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1500","endPage":"1503","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-056199","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140604-103128643","text":"External Repository"},{"id":289298,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"344","issue":"6191","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3ca53e4b07c5f79a7f313","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stolper, D.A.","contributorId":12782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolper","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lawson, M.","contributorId":15932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, C.L.","contributorId":79024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferreira, A.A.","contributorId":18273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferreira","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Santos Neto, E. 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No abstract available.

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LeAnn 0000-0002-5004-5165 clwhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-5165","contributorId":4315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"C.","email":"clwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LeAnn","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bodenstein, Barbara L. 0000-0001-7946-0103 bbodenstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7946-0103","contributorId":4389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodenstein","given":"Barbara","email":"bbodenstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buckner, Jennifer 0000-0002-9121-2126 jbuckner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9121-2126","contributorId":58209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckner","given":"Jennifer","email":"jbuckner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70128589,"text":"70128589 - 2014 - The economics of roadside bear viewing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-08T11:14:25","indexId":"70128589","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T10:01:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The economics of roadside bear viewing","docAbstract":"

Viewing bears along roadside habitats is a popular recreational activity in certain national parks throughout the United States. However, safely managing visitors during traffic jams that result from this activity often requires the use of limited park resources. Using unique visitor survey data, this study quantifies economic values associated with roadside bear viewing in Yellowstone National Park, monetary values that could be used to determine whether this continued use of park resources is warranted on economic grounds. Based on visitor expenditure data and results of a contingent visitation question, it is estimated that summer Park visitation would decrease if bears were no longer allowed to stay along roadside habitats, resulting in a loss of 155 jobs in the local economy. Results from a nonmarket valuation survey question indicate that on average, visitors to Yellowstone National Park are willing to pay around $41 more in Park entrance fees to ensure that bears are allowed to remain along roads within the Park. Generalizing this value to the relevant population of visitors indicates that the economic benefits of allowing this wildlife viewing opportunity to continue could outweigh the costs of using additional resources to effectively manage these traffic jams.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Oxford, UK","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.051","usgsCitation":"Richardson, L., Rosen, T., Gunther, K., and Schwartz, C., 2014, The economics of roadside bear viewing: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 140, p. 102-110, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.051.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"102","endPage":"110","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046407","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295210,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.9619140625,\n 45.205263456162385\n ],\n [\n -110.85205078124999,\n 45.24008561090264\n ],\n [\n -110.7861328125,\n 45.251688256117646\n ],\n [\n -110.67626953125,\n 45.251688256117646\n ],\n [\n -110.5938720703125,\n 45.24395342262324\n ],\n [\n -110.4290771484375,\n 45.182036837015886\n ],\n [\n -110.2972412109375,\n 45.1433047394883\n ],\n [\n -109.4732666015625,\n 45.154927133618465\n ],\n [\n -109.3414306640625,\n 45.18978009667531\n ],\n [\n -109.18212890625,\n 45.20913363773731\n ],\n [\n -109.149169921875,\n 45.166547157856016\n ],\n [\n -109.149169921875,\n 45.06964120886863\n ],\n [\n -109.2315673828125,\n 44.84029065139799\n ],\n [\n -109.2205810546875,\n 44.695992981720714\n ],\n [\n -109.1656494140625,\n 44.59046718130883\n ],\n [\n -109.06677246093749,\n 44.53175879707938\n ],\n [\n -109.072265625,\n 44.469071224701096\n ],\n [\n -109.2205810546875,\n 44.422011314236634\n ],\n [\n -109.34692382812499,\n 44.378839759088585\n ],\n [\n -109.3963623046875,\n 44.34349388385857\n ],\n [\n -109.4073486328125,\n 44.296332880058706\n ],\n [\n -109.3359375,\n 44.3002644115815\n ],\n [\n -109.21508789062499,\n 44.34742225636393\n ],\n [\n -109.127197265625,\n 44.327777761284445\n ],\n [\n -109.09423828125,\n 44.284536706018905\n ],\n [\n -109.1436767578125,\n 44.19402066387343\n ],\n [\n -109.2425537109375,\n 44.142797828180605\n ],\n [\n -109.21508789062499,\n 44.08363928284644\n ],\n [\n -109.1546630859375,\n 44.06390660801779\n ],\n [\n -109.039306640625,\n 44.036269809534616\n ],\n [\n -109.017333984375,\n 43.957236472025635\n ],\n [\n -108.9898681640625,\n 43.810747313446996\n ],\n [\n -109.01184082031249,\n 43.6599240747891\n ],\n [\n -109.017333984375,\n 43.61619382369188\n ],\n [\n -111.3134765625,\n 43.620170616189924\n ],\n [\n -111.29150390625,\n 44.836395454104796\n ],\n [\n -111.3519287109375,\n 44.85586880735725\n ],\n [\n -111.4892578125,\n 44.883120442385646\n ],\n [\n -111.5167236328125,\n 45.00365115687189\n ],\n [\n -111.51123046875,\n 45.178164812206376\n ],\n [\n -111.566162109375,\n 45.259422036351694\n ],\n [\n -111.5277099609375,\n 45.36758436884978\n ],\n [\n -111.434326171875,\n 45.390735154248894\n ],\n [\n -111.2640380859375,\n 45.413876460821086\n ],\n [\n -111.13220214843749,\n 45.4524242413431\n ],\n [\n -111.060791015625,\n 45.43700828867389\n ],\n [\n -111.005859375,\n 45.390735154248894\n ],\n [\n -111.00036621093749,\n 45.31352900692261\n ],\n [\n -110.950927734375,\n 45.259422036351694\n ],\n [\n -110.9619140625,\n 45.205263456162385\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"140","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5438f523e4b0c47db4296c1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richardson, Leslie","contributorId":44847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"Leslie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosen, Tatjana","contributorId":25492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Tatjana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gunther, Kerry","contributorId":17929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunther","given":"Kerry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwartz, Chuck","contributorId":27378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Chuck","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70217384,"text":"70217384 - 2014 - U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology as evidence for the origin of the Nome Complex, northern Alaska, and implications for regional and trans-Arctic correlations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-20T16:15:35.669183","indexId":"70217384","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T09:53:52","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology as evidence for the origin of the Nome Complex, northern Alaska, and implications for regional and trans-Arctic correlations","docAbstract":"

Detrital zircons from the Nome Complex, a metamorphic terrane in northern Alaska, reveal important constraints on the early Paleozoic history of the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka terrane, a microcontinental block with an origin exotic to Laurentia.

Twenty-two samples (17 in this study, five previously published) produce three detrital zircon population patterns (called themes), indicating that at least three distinguishable source areas contributed to the metamorphic protolith. Detrital zircon populations from metamorphosed rift-related mafic volcaniclastic rocks, a lithologic subunit of the Nome Complex, contain a dominant population of 740–550 Ma zircons. Samples from three other lithologic units yielded populations dominated by early Paleozoic zircons and characterized by a large population of 450–420 Ma zircons. A few samples, taken from two different lithologic units, yielded populations dominated by Mesoproterozoic zircons (most around 1.25–0.9 Ga) and lacked zircons younger than 900 Ma. None of the 22 samples contained more than a few Archean zircons.

The ages of the youngest detrital zircon populations indicate that little of the protolith for the Nome Complex can be as old as Proterozoic, as previously thought. Further, a significant part of the protolith sequence is Devonian or younger; these rocks are likely correlative with Devonian or Mississippian units in the Brooks Range, specifically marine parts of the Endicott or Lisburne Groups.

Based on detrital zircon data, limiting factors can be placed on the paleogeographic history of the Nome Complex and associated parts of the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka terrane: (1) 740–550 Ma zircons were deposited in a rift-related basin formed on a continental margin in the early Paleozoic; at least some of those zircons may have been sourced from local basement; (2) a transition to new sediment sources is reflected in Devonian or younger protoliths with the appearance of 450–420 Ma and 1.25–0.9 Ga detrital zircons; and (3) 450–420 Ma and 1.25–0.9 Ga zircons may have been supplied from sources outside the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka terrane.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reconstruction of a Late Proterozoic to Devonian continental margin sequence, northern Alaska, its paleogeographic significance, and contained base-metal sulfide deposits","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2014.2506(04)","usgsCitation":"Till, A., Amato, J.M., Aleinikoff, J.N., and Bleick, H.A., 2014, U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology as evidence for the origin of the Nome Complex, northern Alaska, and implications for regional and trans-Arctic correlations, chap. of Reconstruction of a Late Proterozoic to Devonian continental margin sequence, northern Alaska, its paleogeographic significance, and contained base-metal sulfide deposits, v. 506, p. 111-131, https://doi.org/10.1130/2014.2506(04).","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"131","ipdsId":"IP-049811","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382322,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Nome Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -167.32177734375,\n 64.29229248039543\n ],\n [\n -143.4375,\n 64.29229248039543\n ],\n [\n -143.4375,\n 68.14703189961982\n ],\n [\n -167.32177734375,\n 68.14703189961982\n ],\n [\n -167.32177734375,\n 64.29229248039543\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"506","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Till, Alison 0000-0002-6640-6877","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6640-6877","contributorId":247882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Till","given":"Alison","affiliations":[{"id":12545,"text":"USGS retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amato, Jeffrey M.","contributorId":247883,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amato","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":49682,"text":"Dept of Geolgical Sciences, New Mexico State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aleinikoff, John N. 0000-0003-3494-6841 jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":1478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"John","email":"jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bleick, Heather A. hbleick@usgs.gov","contributorId":2484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleick","given":"Heather","email":"hbleick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70126399,"text":"70126399 - 2014 - Development of eighteen microsatellite loci in walleye (Sander vitreus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:55:08","indexId":"70126399","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T09:50:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1325,"text":"Conservation Genetics Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of eighteen microsatellite loci in walleye (Sander vitreus)","docAbstract":"

A suite of tri- and tetra-nucleotide microsatellite loci were developed for walleye (Sander vitreus) from 454 pyrosequencing data. Eighteen of the 50 primer sets tested amplified consistently in 35 walleye from two lakes on Isle Royale, Lake Superior: Chickenbone Lake and Whittlesey Lake. The loci displayed moderate levels of allelic diversity (average 5.5 alleles/locus) and heterozygosity (average 35.8 %). Levels of genetic diversity were sufficient to produce unique multi-locus genotypes and detect phylogeographic structuring as individuals assigned back to their population of origin. Cross-species amplification within S. canadensis(sauger) was successful for 15 loci, and 11 loci were diagnostic to species. The loci characterized here will be useful for detecting fine-scale spatial structuring, resolving the taxonomic status of Sander species and sub-species, and detecting walleye/sauger hybrids.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12686-014-0275-8","usgsCitation":"Coykendall, D.K., Morrison, C., Stott, W., and Springmann, M.J., 2014, Development of eighteen microsatellite loci in walleye (Sander vitreus): Conservation Genetics Resources, v. 6, no. 4, p. 1019-1021, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-014-0275-8.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1019","endPage":"1021","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057830","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294335,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294262,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12686-014-0275-8"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Chickenbone Lake;Whittlesey Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.730243,48.001517 ], [ -88.730243,48.076659 ], [ -88.687804,48.076659 ], [ -88.687804,48.001517 ], [ -88.730243,48.001517 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb21e4b08312ac7cefe4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coykendall, D. Katharine 0000-0002-1148-2397 dcoykendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1148-2397","contributorId":5472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coykendall","given":"D.","email":"dcoykendall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Katharine","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl L. 0000-0001-9425-691X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":78082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stott, Wendylee wstott@usgs.gov","contributorId":3763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stott","given":"Wendylee","email":"wstott@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Springmann, Marcus J. mspringmann@usgs.gov","contributorId":4372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Springmann","given":"Marcus","email":"mspringmann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70115036,"text":"70115036 - 2014 - Evolution of puma lentivirus in bobcats (Lynx rufus) and mountain lions (Puma concolor) in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-01T10:03:29","indexId":"70115036","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T09:49:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2497,"text":"Journal of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of puma lentivirus in bobcats (Lynx rufus) and mountain lions (Puma concolor) in North America","docAbstract":"Mountain lions (Puma concolor) throughout North and South America are infected with puma lentivirus clade B (PLVB). A second, highly divergent lentiviral clade, PLVA, infects mountain lions in southern California and Florida. Bobcats (Lynx rufus) in these two geographic regions are also infected with PLVA, and to date, this is the only strain of lentivirus identified in bobcats. We sequenced full-length PLV genomes in order to characterize the molecular evolution of PLV in bobcats and mountain lions. Low sequence homology (88% average pairwise identity) and frequent recombination (1 recombination breakpoint per 3 isolates analyzed) were observed in both clades. Viral proteins have markedly different patterns of evolution; sequence homology and negative selection were highest in Gag and Pol and lowest in Vif and Env. A total of 1.7% of sites across the PLV genome evolve under positive selection, indicating that host-imposed selection pressure is an important force shaping PLV evolution. PLVA strains are highly spatially structured, reflecting the population dynamics of their primary host, the bobcat. In contrast, the phylogeography of PLVB reflects the highly mobile mountain lion, with diverse PLVB isolates cocirculating in some areas and genetically related viruses being present in populations separated by thousands of kilometers. We conclude that PLVA and PLVB are two different viral species with distinct feline hosts and evolutionary histories.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Virology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/JVI.00473-14","usgsCitation":"Lee, J., Bevins, S.N., Serieys, L., Vickers, W., Logan, K.A., Aldredge, M., Boydston, E.E., Lyren, L.M., McBride, R., Roelke-Parker, M., Pecon-Slattery, J., Troyer, J.L., Riley, S.P., Boyce, W.M., Crooks, K.R., and VandeWoude, S., 2014, Evolution of puma lentivirus in bobcats (Lynx rufus) and mountain lions (Puma concolor) in North America: Journal of Virology, v. 88, no. 14, p. 7727-7737, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00473-14.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"7727","endPage":"7737","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-053406","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00473-14","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":289294,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289272,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00473-14"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"North America","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"88","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3ca53e4b07c5f79a7f311","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Justin S.","contributorId":44014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Justin S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bevins, Sarah N.","contributorId":105571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bevins","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Serieys, Laurel E.K.","contributorId":86695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Serieys","given":"Laurel E.K.","affiliations":[{"id":7081,"text":"University of California - Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":495489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vickers, Winston","contributorId":6766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vickers","given":"Winston","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Logan, Ken A.","contributorId":75447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logan","given":"Ken","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Aldredge, Mat","contributorId":98228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldredge","given":"Mat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Boydston, Erin E. 0000-0002-8452-835X eboydston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8452-835X","contributorId":1705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boydston","given":"Erin","email":"eboydston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lyren, Lisa M. llyren@usgs.gov","contributorId":2398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyren","given":"Lisa","email":"llyren@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McBride, Roy","contributorId":76659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"Roy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Roelke-Parker, Melody","contributorId":72715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelke-Parker","given":"Melody","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pecon-Slattery, Jill","contributorId":49710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pecon-Slattery","given":"Jill","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Troyer, Jennifer L.","contributorId":80942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troyer","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Riley, Seth P.","contributorId":40133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Boyce, Walter M.","contributorId":75671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Crooks, Kevin R.","contributorId":51137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crooks","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":495483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"VandeWoude, Sue","contributorId":44771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VandeWoude","given":"Sue","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70118620,"text":"70118620 - 2014 - Experimental design and quality assurance: in situ fluorescence instrumentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-02T09:54:18","indexId":"70118620","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T09:37:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Experimental design and quality assurance: in situ fluorescence instrumentation","docAbstract":"

Both instrument design and capabilities of fluorescence spectroscopy have greatly advanced over the last several decades. Advancements include solid-state excitation sources, integration of fiber optic technology, highly sensitive multichannel detectors, rapid-scan monochromators, sensitive spectral correction techniques, and improve data manipulation software (Christian et al., 1981, Lochmuller and Saavedra, 1986; Cabniss and Shuman, 1987; Lakowicz, 2006; Hudson et al., 2007). The cumulative effect of these improvements have pushed the limits and expanded the application of fluorescence techniques to numerous scientific research fields. One of the more powerful advancements is the ability to obtain in situ fluorescence measurements of natural waters (Moore, 1994).

\n
\n

The development of submersible fluorescence instruments has been made possible by component miniaturization and power reduction including advances in light sources technologies (light-emitting diodes, xenon lamps, ultraviolet [UV] lasers) and the compatible integration of new optical instruments with various sampling platforms (Twardowski et at., 2005 and references therein). The development of robust field sensors skirt the need for cumbersome and or time-consuming filtration techniques, the potential artifacts associated with sample storage, and coarse sampling designs by increasing spatiotemporal resolution (Chen, 1999; Robinson and Glenn, 1999). The ability to obtain rapid, high-quality, highly sensitive measurements over steep gradients has revolutionized investigations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) optical properties, thereby enabling researchers to address novel biogeochemical questions regarding colored or chromophoric DOM (CDOM).

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\n

This chapter is dedicated to the origin, design, calibration, and use of in situ field fluorometers. It will serve as a review of considerations to be accounted for during the operation of fluorescence field sensors and call attention to areas of concern when making this type of measurement. Attention is also given to ways in which in-water fluorescence measurements have revolutionized biogeochemical studies of CDOM and how those measurements can be used in conjunction with remotely sense satellite data to understand better the biogeochemistry of DOM in aquatic environments.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic organic matter fluorescence","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","isbn":"9780521764612","usgsCitation":"Conmy, R.N., Del Castillo, C.E., Downing, B.D., and Chen, R.F., 2014, Experimental design and quality assurance: in situ fluorescence instrumentation, chap. of Aquatic organic matter fluorescence, p. 190-233.","productDescription":"44 p.","startPage":"190","endPage":"233","numberOfPages":"44","ipdsId":"IP-029501","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542e6954e4b092f17df5a837","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conmy, Robyn N.","contributorId":98657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conmy","given":"Robyn","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Del Castillo, Carlos E.","contributorId":76238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Del Castillo","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Downing, Bryan D. 0000-0002-2007-5304 bdowning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-5304","contributorId":1449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"Bryan","email":"bdowning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, Robert F.","contributorId":70707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70118052,"text":"70118052 - 2014 - Monitoring rationale, strategy, issues, and methods: UMRR-EMP LTRMP fish component","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-16T09:42:48","indexId":"70118052","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T09:35:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"2014-P001a","title":"Monitoring rationale, strategy, issues, and methods: UMRR-EMP LTRMP fish component","docAbstract":"

The Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP), an element of the multiagency partnership Upper Mississippi River Restoration-Environmental Management Program, has been monitoring fishes in the Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) for over two decades, using scientific and highly standardized methods. Today, the LTRMP’s data assets represent one of the world’s largest and most extensive datasets on a great river.

\n
\n

Methods and procedures used over the past two decades have been documented and have proven a key tool towards gaining data that are (a) scientifically valid, (b) comparable over time, and (c) comparable over space. These procedures manuals coordinate and standardize methods, procedures, and field behaviors in the execution of long-term monitoring, permitting the informed management and control of important sources of error actually under program control.

\n
\n

As LTRMP databases have matured in scope and accumulated more years' worth of data, their utility in research and management in the UMRS basin has increased notably. To maximize their utility, data users need not only be aware of “how the data were collected,” as portrayed in the procedures manuals, but also “why the data were collected in the way they were, at the scales they were, and in the manner that they were.” Whereas the procedures manuals contribute information as to the “how” the data were gained, this document seeks to contribute information as to the “why.” As such, this document is intended to be a companion document to the procedures manuals.

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\n

Herein, we present information on the rationale for monitoring nearly one-fifth of the entire North American freshwater fish fauna (representing the greatest freshwater fish diversity on the planet at temperate latitudes); strategies employed and their reasoning; and discussions on issues associated with the sampling design itself, data arising therefrom, and uses of those data in different contexts.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","collaboration":"A product of the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program, an element of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ Upper Mississippi River Restoration-Environmental Management Program","usgsCitation":"Ickes, B.S., Sauer, J.S., and Rogala, J.T., 2014, Monitoring rationale, strategy, issues, and methods: UMRR-EMP LTRMP fish component, vi, 29 p.","productDescription":"vi, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"40","ipdsId":"IP-053641","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293896,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70118052.jpg"},{"id":293895,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mis/ltrmp2014-p001a/pdf/ltrmp2014-p001a.pdf"},{"id":290988,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mis/ltrmp2014-p001a/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois;Iowa;Minnesota;Montana;Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River System","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.98,36.72 ], [ -96.98,46.42 ], [ -87.47,46.42 ], [ -87.47,36.72 ], [ -96.98,36.72 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54195147e4b091c7ffc8e781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ickes, Brian S.","contributorId":6812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ickes","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, Jennifer S. 0000-0002-1563-1425 jsauer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1563-1425","contributorId":609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"Jennifer","email":"jsauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rogala, James T. 0000-0002-1954-4097 jrogala@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1954-4097","contributorId":2651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogala","given":"James","email":"jrogala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70217584,"text":"70217584 - 2014 - Preface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-09T15:31:02.057365","indexId":"70217584","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T09:27:41","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Preface","docAbstract":"

The tectonic evolution of the Arctic realm, particularly in the Mesozoic, remains a subject of considerable uncertainty. The nature of the crustal entities involved, their origins, and the nature, location, and age of major tectonic boundaries are incompletely studied and understood (Pease, 2011). The largest piece of continental crust of uncertain origin that plays a role in Arctic tectonics is the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka terrane or microplate. The terrane includes northern Alaska, northeasternmost Russia, and the adjacent continental shelves (Fig. 1; Natal'in et al., 1999; Miller et al., 2006). Because of its size, the origin of this microplate and its movements during the Paleozoic and Mesozoic are critical components of tectonic and paleogeographic models (Pease, 2011).

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reconstruction of a Late Proterozoic to Devonian continental margin sequence, northern Alaska, its paleogeographic significance, and contained base-metal sulfide deposits","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2014.2506(00)","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., and Till, A., 2014, Preface, chap. of Reconstruction of a Late Proterozoic to Devonian continental margin sequence, northern Alaska, its paleogeographic significance, and contained base-metal sulfide deposits, p. v-ix, https://doi.org/10.1130/2014.2506(00).","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"v","endPage":"ix","ipdsId":"IP-053105","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Seward Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -168.255615234375,\n 64.09140752262307\n ],\n [\n -160.916748046875,\n 64.09140752262307\n ],\n [\n -160.916748046875,\n 66.83948674792073\n ],\n [\n -168.255615234375,\n 66.83948674792073\n ],\n [\n -168.255615234375,\n 64.09140752262307\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Till, Alison 0000-0002-6640-6877","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6640-6877","contributorId":247882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Till","given":"Alison","affiliations":[{"id":12545,"text":"USGS retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70118046,"text":"70118046 - 2014 - Long Term Resource Monitoring Program procedures: fish monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-16T09:42:27","indexId":"70118046","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T09:22:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"2014-P001","title":"Long Term Resource Monitoring Program procedures: fish monitoring","docAbstract":"

This manual constitutes the second revision of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ Upper Mississippi River Restoration-Environmental Management Program (UMRR-EMP) Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) element Fish Procedures Manual. The original (1988) manual merged and expanded on ideas and recommendations related to Upper Mississippi River fish sampling presented in several early documents. The first revision to the manual was made in 1995 reflecting important protocol changes, such as the adoption of a stratified random sampling design. The 1995 procedures manual has been an important document through the years and has been cited in many reports and scientific manuscripts. The resulting data collected by the LTRMP fish component represent the largest dataset on fish within the Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) with more than 44,000 collections of approximately 5.7 million fish.

\n
\n

The goal of this revision of the procedures manual is to document changes in LTRMP fish sampling procedures since 1995. Refinements to sampling methods become necessary as monitoring programs mature. Possible refinements are identified through field experiences (e.g., sampling techniques and safety protocols), data analysis (e.g., planned and studied gear efficiencies and reallocations of effort), and technological advances (e.g., electronic data entry). Other changes may be required because of financial necessity (i.e., unplanned effort reductions). This version of the LTRMP fish monitoring manual describes the most current (2014) procedures of the LTRMP fish component.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","collaboration":"A product of the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program, an element of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ Upper Mississippi River Restoration-Environmental Management Program","usgsCitation":"Ratcliff, E.N., Glittinger, E.J., O’Hara, T.M., and Ickes, B.S., 2014, Long Term Resource Monitoring Program procedures: fish monitoring (2nd), vi, 88 p.","productDescription":"vi, 88 p.","numberOfPages":"98","ipdsId":"IP-038999","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293894,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70118046.jpg"},{"id":290985,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mis/ltrmp2014-p001/"},{"id":293893,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mis/ltrmp2014-p001/pdf/ltrmp2014-p001.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois;Iowa;Minnesota;Montana;Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River System","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.98,36.72 ], [ -96.98,46.42 ], [ -87.47,46.42 ], [ -87.47,36.72 ], [ -96.98,36.72 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"2nd","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54195145e4b091c7ffc8e768","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratcliff, Eric N.","contributorId":33420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliff","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glittinger, Eric J.","contributorId":93833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glittinger","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Hara, T. Matt","contributorId":14307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Hara","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Matt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ickes, Brian S.","contributorId":6812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ickes","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}