{"pageNumber":"137","pageRowStart":"3400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16501,"records":[{"id":70148177,"text":"70148177 - 2014 - Multiscale habitat selection of wetland birds in the northern Gulf Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-26T11:05:30","indexId":"70148177","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiscale habitat selection of wetland birds in the northern Gulf Coast","docAbstract":"<p>The spatial scale of habitat selection has become a prominent concept in ecology, but has received less attention in coastal ecology. In coastal marshes, broad-scale marsh types are defined by vegetation composition over thousands of hectares, water-level management is applied over hundreds of hectares, and fine-scale habitat is depicted by tens of meters. Individually, these scales are known to affect wetland fauna, but studies have not examined all three spatial scales simultaneously. We investigated wetland bird habitat selection at the three scales and compared single- and multiscale models. From 2009 to 2011, we surveyed marsh birds (i.e., Rallidae, bitterns, grebes), shorebirds, and wading birds in fresh and intermediate (oligohaline) coastal marsh in Louisiana and Texas, USA. Within each year, six repeated surveys of wintering, resident, and migratory breeding birds were conducted at &gt; 100 points (<i>n</i> = 304). The results revealed fine-scale factors, primarily water depth, were consistently better predictors than marsh type or management. However, 10 of 11 species had improved models with the three scales combined. Birds with a linear association with water depth were, correspondingly, most abundant with deeper fresh marsh and permanently impounded water. Conversely, intermediate marsh had a greater abundance of shallow water species, such as king rail Rallus elegans, least bittern Ixobrychus exilis, and sora Porzana carolina. These birds had quadratic relationships with water depth or no relationship. Overall, coastal birds were influenced by multiple scales corresponding with hydrological characteristics. The effects suggest the timing of drawdowns and interannual variability in spring water levels can greatly affect wetland bird abundance.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Estuarine Research Federation","publisherLocation":"Port Republic, MD","doi":"10.1007/s12237-013-9757-2","collaboration":"US Geological Survey; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Gulf Coast Joint Venture; Louisiana State University","usgsCitation":"Pickens, B.A., and King, S.L., 2014, Multiscale habitat selection of wetland birds in the northern Gulf Coast: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 37, no. 5, p. 1301-1311, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-013-9757-2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1301","endPage":"1311","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050159","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300783,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5565994de4b0d9246a9eb633","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pickens, Bradley A.","contributorId":140926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pickens","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Sammy L. 0000-0002-5364-6361 sking@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-6361","contributorId":557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Sammy","email":"sking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70126406,"text":"70126406 - 2014 - Temporal changes in taxonomic and functional diversity of fish assemblages downstream from mountaintop mining","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-23T10:02:53","indexId":"70126406","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T09:39:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal changes in taxonomic and functional diversity of fish assemblages downstream from mountaintop mining","docAbstract":"Mountaintop mining (MTM) affects chemical, physical, and hydrological properties of receiving streams, but the long-term consequences for fish-assemblage structure and function are poorly understood. We sampled stream fish assemblages using electrofishing techniques in MTM exposure sites and reference sites within the Guyandotte River basin, USA, during 2010–2011. We calculated indices of taxonomic diversity (species richness, abundance, Shannon diversity) and functional diversity (functional richness, functional evenness, functional divergence) to compare exposure and reference assemblages between seasons (spring and autumn) and across years (1999–2011). We based temporal comparisons on 2 sites that were sampled during 1999–2001 by Stauffer and Ferreri (2002). Exposure assemblages had lower taxonomic and functional diversity than reference assemblages or simulated assemblages that accounted for random variation. Differences in taxonomic composition between reference and exposure assemblages were associated with conductivity and aqueous Se concentrations. Exposure assemblages had fewer species, lower abundances, and less biomass than reference assemblages across years and seasons. Green Sunfish (<i>Lepomis cyanellus</i>) and Creek Chub (<i>Semotilus atromaculatus</i>) became numerically dominant in exposure assemblages over time because of their persistence and losses of other taxa. In contrast, species richness increased over time in reference assemblages, a result that may indicate recovery from drought. Mean individual biomass increased as fish density decreased and most obligate invertivores were apparently extirpated at MTM exposure sites. Effects of MTM were not related to physical-habitat conditions but were associated with water-quality variables, which may limit quality and availability of benthic macroinvertebrate prey. Simulations revealed effects of MTM that could not be attributed to random variation in fish assemblage structure.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Society for Freshwater Science","doi":"10.1086/676997","usgsCitation":"Hitt, N.P., and Chambers, D., 2014, Temporal changes in taxonomic and functional diversity of fish assemblages downstream from mountaintop mining: Freshwater Science, v. 33, no. 3, p. 915-926, https://doi.org/10.1086/676997.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"915","endPage":"926","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-049606","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472789,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1086/676997","text":"External Repository"},{"id":294294,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294293,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/676997"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Guyandotte River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.217,37.7747 ], [ -82.217,38.3293 ], [ -81.5497,38.3293 ], [ -81.5497,37.7747 ], [ -82.217,37.7747 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb33e4b08312ac7cf0e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitt, Nathaniel P. 0000-0002-1046-4568 nhitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1046-4568","contributorId":4435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nhitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chambers, Douglas B. 0000-0002-5275-5427 dbchambe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5275-5427","contributorId":2520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chambers","given":"Douglas B.","email":"dbchambe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70135339,"text":"70135339 - 2014 - Educational webtool illustrating groundwater age effects on contaminant trends in wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:04:07","indexId":"70135339","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Educational webtool illustrating groundwater age effects on contaminant trends in wells","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12261","usgsCitation":"Böhlke, J., Jurgens, B., Uselmann, D.J., and Eberts, S., 2014, Educational webtool illustrating groundwater age effects on contaminant trends in wells: Groundwater, v. 52, no. S1, p. 8-9, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12261.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057995","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12261","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296641,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"S1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"548c1fcde4b0ca8c43c36962","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gwat.12261","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12261","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Böhlke J.K., Jurgens Bryant C., Uselmann David J., Eberts Sandra M.","journalName":"Groundwater","publicationDate":"8/28/2014","auditedOn":"3/17/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Böhlke, John Karl 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":1285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"John Karl","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jurgens, Bryant C. 0000-0002-1572-113X bjurgens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-113X","contributorId":127839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jurgens","given":"Bryant C.","email":"bjurgens@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Uselmann, David J.","contributorId":127840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uselmann","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":160,"text":"Center for Integrated Data Analytics","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eberts, Sandra M. smeberts@usgs.gov","contributorId":2264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberts","given":"Sandra M.","email":"smeberts@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70110904,"text":"sir20145103 - 2014 - Hydrology and numerical simulation of groundwater movement and heat transport in Snake Valley and surrounding areas, Juab, Miller, and Beaver Counties, Utah, and White Pine and Lincoln Counties, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-19T16:22:06","indexId":"sir20145103","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-27T14:32:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5103","title":"Hydrology and numerical simulation of groundwater movement and heat transport in Snake Valley and surrounding areas, Juab, Miller, and Beaver Counties, Utah, and White Pine and Lincoln Counties, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>Snake Valley and surrounding areas, along the Utah-Nevada state border, are part of the Great Basin carbonate and alluvial aquifer system. The groundwater system in the study area consists of water in unconsolidated deposits in basins and water in consolidated rock underlying the basins and in the adjacent mountain blocks. Most recharge occurs from precipitation on the mountain blocks and most discharge occurs from the lower altitude basin-fill deposits mainly as evapotranspiration, springflow, and well withdrawals.</p><p>The Snake Valley area regional groundwater system was simulated using a three-dimensional model incorporating both groundwater flow and heat transport. The model was constructed with MODFLOW-2000, a version of the U.S. Geological Survey’s groundwater flow model, and MT3DMS, a transport model that simulates advection, dispersion, and chemical reactions of solutes or heat in groundwater systems. Observations of groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration, springflow, mountain stream base flow, and well withdrawals; groundwater-level altitudes; and groundwater temperatures were used to calibrate the model. Parameter values estimated by regression analyses were reasonable and within the range of expected values.</p><p>This study represents one of the first regional modeling efforts to include calibration to groundwater temperature data. The inclusion of temperature observations reduced parameter uncertainty, in some cases quite significantly, over using just water-level altitude and discharge observations. Of the 39 parameters used to simulate horizontal hydraulic conductivity, uncertainty on 11 of these parameters was reduced to one order of magnitude or less. Other significant reductions in parameter uncertainty occurred in parameters representing the vertical anisotropy ratio, drain and river conductance, recharge rates, and well withdrawal rates.</p><p>The model provides a good representation of the groundwater system. Simulated water-level altitudes range over almost 2,000 meters (m); 98 percent of the simulated values of water-level altitudes in wells are within 30 m of observed water-level altitudes, and 58 percent of them are within 12 m. Nineteen of 20 simulated discharges are within 30 percent of observed discharge. Eighty-one percent of the simulated values of groundwater temperatures in wells are within 2 degrees Celsius (°C) of the observed values, and 55 percent of them are within 0.75 °C. The numerical model represents a more robust quantification of groundwater budget components than previous studies because the model integrates all components of the groundwater budget. The model also incorporates new data including (1) a detailed hydrogeologic framework, and (2) more observations, including several new water-level altitudes throughout the study area, several new measurements of spring discharge within Snake Valley which had not previously been monitored, and groundwater temperature data. Uncertainty in the estimates of subsurface flow are less than those of previous studies because the model balanced recharge and discharge across the entire simulated area, not just in each hydrographic area, and because of the large dataset of observations (water-level altitudes, discharge, and temperatures) used to calibrate the model and the resulting transmissivity distribution.</p><p>Groundwater recharge from precipitation and unconsumed irrigation in Snake Valley is 160,000 acre-feet per year (acre-ft/yr), which is within the range of previous estimates. Subsurface inflow from southern Spring Valley to southern Snake Valley is 13,000 acre-ft/yr and is within the range of previous estimates; subsurface inflow from Spring Valley to Snake Valley north of the Snake Range, however, is only 2,200 acre-ft/yr, which is much less than has been previously estimated. Groundwater discharge from groundwater evapotranspiration and springs is 100,000 acre-ft/yr, and discharge to mountain streams is 3,300 acre-ft/yr; these are within the range of previous estimates. Current well withdrawals are 28,000 acre-ft/yr. Subsurface outflow from Snake Valley moves into Pine Valley (2,000 acre-ft/yr), Wah Wah Valley (23 acre-ft/yr), Tule Valley (33,000 acre-ft/yr), Fish Springs Flat (790 acre-ft/yr), and outside of the study area towards Great Salt Lake Desert (8,400 acre-ft/yr); these outflows, totaling about 44,000 acre-ft/yr, are within the range of previous estimates.</p><p>The subsurface flow amounts indicate the degree of connectivity between hydrographic areas within the study area. The simulated transmissivity and locations of natural discharge, however, provide a better estimate of the effect of groundwater withdrawals on groundwater resources than does the amount and direction of subsurface flow between hydrographic areas. The distribution of simulated transmissivity throughout the study area includes many areas of high transmissivity within and between hydrographic areas. Increased well withdrawals within these high transmissivity areas will likely affect a large part of the study area, resulting in declining groundwater levels, as well as leading to a decrease in natural discharge to springs and evapotranspiration.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145103","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Juab, Millard, Salt Lake, Tooele, and Utah Counties","usgsCitation":"Masbruch, M.D., Gardner, P.M., and Brooks, L.E., 2014, Hydrology and numerical simulation of groundwater movement and heat transport in Snake Valley and surrounding areas, Juab, Miller, and Beaver Counties, Utah, and White Pine and Lincoln Counties, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5103, x, 107 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145103.","productDescription":"x, 107 p.","numberOfPages":"122","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042407","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293136,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145103.jpg"},{"id":293135,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5103/pdf/sir2014-5103.pdf"},{"id":293134,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5103/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada, Utah","county":"Beaver County, Juab County, Lincoln County, Millard County, White Pine County","otherGeospatial":"Snake Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.9,36.98 ], [ -115.9,40.24 ], [ -110.05,40.24 ], [ -110.05,36.98 ], [ -115.9,36.98 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fee2afe4b01f35f8fd1390","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masbruch, Melissa D. 0000-0001-6568-160X mmasbruch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6568-160X","contributorId":1902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masbruch","given":"Melissa","email":"mmasbruch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gardner, Philip M. 0000-0003-3005-3587 pgardner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3005-3587","contributorId":962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"Philip","email":"pgardner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, Lynette E. 0000-0002-9074-0939 lebrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9074-0939","contributorId":2718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Lynette","email":"lebrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70121632,"text":"ofr20141178 - 2014 - Resource manager information needs regarding hydrologic regime shifts for the North Pacific Landscape Conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-25T14:19:27","indexId":"ofr20141178","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-25T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1178","title":"Resource manager information needs regarding hydrologic regime shifts for the North Pacific Landscape Conservation","docAbstract":"<p>Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (LCCs) are a network of 22 public-private partnerships, defined by ecoregion, that share and provide science to ensure the sustainability of land, water, wildlife, and cultural resources in North America. LCCs were established by the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) in recognition of the fact that response to climate change must be coordinated on a landscape-level basis because important resources, ecosystem processes, and resource management challenges extend beyond most of the boundaries considered in current natural resource management.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The North Pacific LCC (NPLCC) covers the range of the Pacific coastal temperate rainforest, including an area of 528,360 km<sup>2</sup> spanning 22 degrees of latitude from the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, to Bodega Bay, California. The coverage area includes parts of four States, two Canadian provinces, and more than 100 Tribes and First Nation language groups. It extends from alpine areas at the crest of coastal mountains across subalpine, montane, and lowland forests to the nearshore marine environment. This wide range of latitudes and elevation zones; terrestrial, freshwater, and marine habitats; and complex jurisdictional boundaries hosts a diversity of natural resources and their corresponding management issues are equally diverse.</p>\n<br>\n<p>As evidenced by the Science and Traditional Ecological Knowledge (S-TEK) Strategy guiding principles, identifying and responding to the needs of resource managers is key to the success of the NPLCC. To help achieve this goal of the NPLCC, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has organized several workshops with resource managers and resource scientists to identify management information needs relevant to the priority topics identified in the S-TEK Strategy. Here, we detail the results from a first workshop to address the effects of changes in hydrologic regime on rivers, streams, and riparian corridors. The workshop focused on a subset of the full NPLCC geography and was structured to answer the following questions:</p>\n<br>\n<p>What are the valued resources and services that may be affected by hydrologic regime changes in the region?</p>\n<p>What are the management goals for those resources?</p>\n<p>How is climate change anticipated to affect valued resources and goals?</p>\n<p>What adaptation strategies may managers use in response to anticipated changes in resources due to climate-related hydrologic change?</p>\n<p>What information is needed to inform and use management responses?</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141178","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative.","usgsCitation":"Woodward, A., and Jenni, K., 2014, Resource manager information needs regarding hydrologic regime shifts for the North Pacific Landscape Conservation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1178, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141178.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-058025","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292988,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141178.PNG"},{"id":292986,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1178/"},{"id":292987,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1178/pdf/ofr2014-1178.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -152.0879,38.295711 ], [ -152.0879,60.92 ], [ -122.986329,60.92 ], [ -122.986329,38.295711 ], [ -152.0879,38.295711 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fc3fb4e4b0413fd75d298e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenni, Karen","contributorId":101520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenni","given":"Karen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70121391,"text":"70121391 - 2014 - Simulating water-quality trends in public-supply wells in transient flow systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-01T11:46:51","indexId":"70121391","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-21T13:28:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulating water-quality trends in public-supply wells in transient flow systems","docAbstract":"Models need not be complex to be useful. An existing groundwater-flow model of Salt Lake Valley, Utah, was adapted for use with convolution-based advective particle tracking to explain broad spatial trends in dissolved solids. This model supports the hypothesis that water produced from wells is increasingly younger with higher proportions of surface sources as pumping changes in the basin over time. At individual wells, however, predicting specific water-quality changes remains challenging. The influence of pumping-induced transient groundwater flow on changes in mean age and source areas is significant. Mean age and source areas were mapped across the model domain to extend the results from observation wells to the entire aquifer to see where changes in concentrations of dissolved solids are expected to occur. The timing of these changes depends on accurate estimates of groundwater velocity. Calibration to tritium concentrations was used to estimate effective porosity and improve correlation between source area changes, age changes, and measured dissolved solids trends. Uncertainty in the model is due in part to spatial and temporal variations in tracer inputs, estimated tracer transport parameters, and in pumping stresses at sampling points. For tracers such as tritium, the presence of two-limbed input curves can be problematic because a single concentration can be associated with multiple disparate travel times. These shortcomings can be ameliorated by adding hydrologic and geologic detail to the model and by adding additional calibration data. However, the Salt Lake Valley model is useful even without such small-scale detail.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12230","usgsCitation":"Starn, J.J., Green, C.T., Hinkle, S.R., Bagtzoglou, A., and Stolp, B.J., 2014, Simulating water-quality trends in public-supply wells in transient flow systems: Ground Water, v. 52, no. S1, p. 53-62, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12230.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"62","ipdsId":"IP-037946","costCenters":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12230","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":292789,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292780,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12230"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Salt Lake Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.25,40.25 ], [ -112.25,40.916667 ], [ -111.75,40.916667 ], [ -111.75,40.25 ], [ -112.25,40.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"52","issue":"S1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f6f9b7e4b05ec1f24290e0","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gwat.12230","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12230","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Jeffrey Starn J., Green Christopher T., Hinkle Stephen R., Bagtzoglou Amvrossios C., Stolp Bernard J.","journalName":"Groundwater","publicationDate":"7/12/2014","auditedOn":"3/17/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Starn, J. Jeffrey","contributorId":101617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starn","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, Christopher T. 0000-0002-6480-8194 ctgreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-8194","contributorId":1343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Christopher","email":"ctgreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hinkle, Stephen R. srhinkle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkle","given":"Stephen","email":"srhinkle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bagtzoglou, Amvrossios C.","contributorId":30146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagtzoglou","given":"Amvrossios C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stolp, Bernard J. 0000-0003-3803-1497 bjstolp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-1497","contributorId":963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolp","given":"Bernard","email":"bjstolp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70121240,"text":"70121240 - 2014 - Generating nested wetland catchments with readily-available digital elevation data may improve evaluations of land-use change on wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T10:53:20","indexId":"70121240","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-21T11:06:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Generating nested wetland catchments with readily-available digital elevation data may improve evaluations of land-use change on wetlands","docAbstract":"<p>The important ecosystem functions wetlands perform are influenced by land-use changes in their surrounding uplands and thus, identifying the upland area that flows into a wetland is important. We provide a method to define wetland catchments as the portion of the landscape that flows into a wetland; we allowed catchments to be nested and include other wetlands and their catchments, forming a hydrologic wetland complex. We generated catchments using multiple sources and resolutions of digital elevation data to evaluate whether catchment sizes generated from those data were similar. While non-contributing areas, or sinks, differed between elevation data sets, catchment areas were similar among high-resolution LiDAR- and IfSAR-derived data and readily available lower resolution data from the National Elevation Dataset. Accordingly, the higher-resolution DEM data, which may be expensive or not available, will not likely yield more accurate wetland catchment boundaries in flat or glaciated landscapes. We contend that this method to generate wetland catchments can be used to improve wetland studies where the location of a wetland within a catchment is important. Furthermore, the size of the catchment is important for understanding how wetlands respond to climate, land-use practices, and contamination.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-014-0571-9","usgsCitation":"McCauley, L.A., and Anteau, M.J., 2014, Generating nested wetland catchments with readily-available digital elevation data may improve evaluations of land-use change on wetlands: Wetlands, v. 34, no. 6, p. 1123-1132, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-014-0571-9.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1123","endPage":"1132","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052286","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292764,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292634,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-014-0571-9"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","county":"Barnes County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.468,46.6299 ], [ -98.468,47.2413 ], [ -97.6815,47.2413 ], [ -97.6815,46.6299 ], [ -98.468,46.6299 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"34","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f6f9b3e4b05ec1f24290ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCauley, Lisa A. lmccauley@usgs.gov","contributorId":5048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCauley","given":"Lisa","email":"lmccauley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":498847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70116612,"text":"sir20145134 - 2014 - Description of landscape features, summary of existing hydrologic data, and identification of data gaps for the Osage Nation, northeastern Oklahoma, 1890-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-26T17:48:07","indexId":"sir20145134","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-21T08:49:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5134","title":"Description of landscape features, summary of existing hydrologic data, and identification of data gaps for the Osage Nation, northeastern Oklahoma, 1890-2012","docAbstract":"<p>The Osage Nation of northeastern Oklahoma, conterminous with Osage County, is characterized by gently rolling uplands and incised stream valleys that have downcut into underlying sedimentary rock units of Pennsylvanian through Permian age. Cattle ranching and petroleum and natural-gas extraction are the principal land uses in this rural area. Freshwater resources in the Osage Nation include water flowing in the Arkansas River and several smaller streams, water stored in several lakes, and groundwater contained in unconsolidated alluvial aquifers and bedrock aquifers. The Vamoosa-Ada aquifer is the primary source of fresh groundwater in this area. Fresh groundwater is underlain by saline groundwater in aquifers underlying the Osage Nation. Because of the potential for future population increases, demands for water from neighboring areas such as the Tulsa metropolitan area, and expansion of petroleum and natural-gas extraction on water resources of this area, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Osage Nation, summarized existing hydrologic data and identified data gaps to provide information for planning of future development of water resources in the Osage Nation.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Streamflows in the Osage Nation are substantially affected by precipitation. During the relatively wet periods from the 1970s to 2000, the annual streamflows in the Osage Nation increased by as much as a factor of 2 relative to preceding decades, with subsequent decreases in streamflow of as much as 50 percent being recorded during intermittent drier years of the early 2000s. This report summarizes hydrologic data from 3 surface-water sites and 91 wells distributed across the Osage Nation. Data collected at those sites indicate that surface water in the Osage Nation generally has sufficient dissolved oxygen for survival of both coldwater and warmwater aquatic biota. Total dissolved solids concentration exceeded the secondary drinking-water standard of 500 milligrams per liter (mg/L) in up to 75 percent of the surface-water samples, indicating limited availability of potable water at some sites. Some surface-water samples collected in the Osage Nation contained dissolved chloride concentrations exceeding the secondary drinking-water standard of 250 mg/L, with greater chloride concentrations in selected basins appearing to be associated with greater densities of petroleum well locations. Several lakes sampled in the Osage Nation from 2011–12 contained sufficient chlorophyll-a concentrations to be ranked as mesotrophic to eutrophic, indicating impairment by nutrients. Relatively large dissolved phosphorus concentrations in many surface-water samples, compared to water-quality standards, indicate that eutrophication can occur in local streams and lakes.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The amount of fresh groundwater stored in alluvial aquifers and the Vamoosa-Ada bedrock aquifer is adequate for domestic and other purposes in the Osage Nation at the current rate of usage. In areas where these aquifers are absent, groundwater must be pumped from minor bedrock aquifers that produce smaller volumes of water. About 30 and 60 percent of 32 and 54 water samples collected from the alluvial and Vamoosa-Ada aquifers, respectively, contained total dissolved solids concentrations larger than the secondary drinking-water standard of 500 mg/L. Local factors, such as natural seepage of brines or leakage from petroleum and natural-gas extraction activities, may cause substantial variations in dissolved chloride concentration in groundwater in the Osage Nation. Total phosphorus concentrations measured in groundwater samples were similar to dissolved phosphorus concentrations measured in the base flow of several streams.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Total fresh surface-water withdrawals (use) and fresh groundwater withdrawals in the Osage Nation were estimated to have increased from 0.75 to 16.19 million gallons per day and from 0.13 to 2.39 million gallons per day, respectively, over the period from 1890 through 2010. Estimated saline-groundwater reinjection volumes at the heavily developed Burbank Oil Field in the Osage Nation from 1950 through 2012 were many times larger than the total amounts of freshwater withdrawn in this area, with estimated increases in saline-groundwater reinjection in the 2000s probably being related to increased petroleum extraction.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Estimates of freshwater resources in local streams, lakes, and freshwater aquifers and of net annual precipitation indicate that less than 1 percent of freshwater resources and net annual precipitation currently is being withdrawn annually in the Osage Nation. In addition to freshwater resources, the Osage Nation may be underlain by 45,000,000 million gallons of brines, a small portion of which are withdrawn and reinjected during petroleum and natural-gas extraction. Ongoing development of desalinization technology may lead to the ability to expand use of these saline waters in the future.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Several additional studies could improve understanding of the hydrologic resources of the Osage Nation. Development of computer models (simulations) of groundwater and surface-water flow for this area could enable testing of scenarios of localized and widespread effects of future climate variations and water-use changes on streamflows, lake-water levels, and groundwater levels in the Osage Nation. Installation of additional long-term streamflow and water-quality sampling stations, some with continuous water-quality monitors, could expand and improve understanding of surface-water quality. Periodic measurement of groundwater levels and sampling of water from a network of wells could provide better information about trends of groundwater quantity and quality with time. Measurement of water withdrawals at selected sites could enable more accurate estimates of water use. Lastly, better understanding of aquifer properties and spatial distribution of saline groundwater provided by geophysical surveys could improve understanding of fresh and saline groundwater resources underlying the Osage Nation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145134","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Osage Nation","usgsCitation":"Andrews, W.J., and Smith, S.J., 2014, Description of landscape features, summary of existing hydrologic data, and identification of data gaps for the Osage Nation, northeastern Oklahoma, 1890-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5134, x, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145134.","productDescription":"x, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"67","onlineOnly":"N","temporalStart":"1890-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-053211","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145134.jpg"},{"id":292731,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5134/pdf/sir2014-5134.pdf"},{"id":292723,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5134/"}],"projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Osage County","otherGeospatial":"Osage Nation","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.0647,36.1609 ], [ -97.0647,36.9994 ], [ -96.0003,36.9994 ], [ -96.0003,36.1609 ], [ -97.0647,36.1609 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f6f9b2e4b05ec1f24290c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, William J. 0000-0003-4780-8835 wandrews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4780-8835","contributorId":328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"William","email":"wandrews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, S. Jerrod 0000-0002-9379-8167 sjsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9379-8167","contributorId":981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"sjsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jerrod","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70116618,"text":"sir20145102 - 2014 - Hydrogeology and hydrology of the Punta Cabullones wetland area, Ponce, southern Puerto Rico, 2007-08","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-20T09:45:38","indexId":"sir20145102","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-20T09:32:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5102","title":"Hydrogeology and hydrology of the Punta Cabullones wetland area, Ponce, southern Puerto Rico, 2007-08","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Municipio Autónomo de Ponce and the Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources, conducted a study of the hydrogeology and hydrology of the Punta Cabullones area in Ponce, southern Puerto Rico. (Punta Cabullones is also referred to as Punta Cabullón.) The Punta Cabullones area is about 9 square miles and is an ecological system made up of a wetland, tidal flats, saltflats, mangrove forests, and a small fringing reef located a short distance offshore. The swales or depressions between successive beach ridges became development avenues for saline to hypersaline wetlands. The Punta Cabullones area was designated by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as a coastal barrier in the 1980s because of its capacity to act as a buffer zone to ameliorate the impacts of natural phenomenon such as storm surges. Since 2003, Punta Cabullones has been set aside for preservation as part of the mitigation effort mandated by Federal and State laws to compensate for the potential environmental effects that might be caused by the construction of the Las Américas Transshipment Port.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Total rainfall measured during 2008 within the Punta Cabullones area was 36 inches, which is slightly greater than the long-term annual average of 32 inches for the coastal plain near Ponce. Two evapotranspiration estimates, 29 and 37 inches, were obtained for the subarea of the Punta Cabullones area that is underlain by fan-delta and alluvial deposits by using two variants of the Penman semi-empirical equation.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The long-term water stage and chemical character of the wetland in Punta Cabullones are highly dependent on the seasonal and annual variations of both rainfall and sea-wave activity. Also, unseasonal short-term above-normal rainfall and sea-wave events resulting from passing storms may induce substantial changes in the water stage and the chemical character of the wetland. In general, tidal fluctuations exert a minor role in modifying the water quality and stage of the wetland in Punta Cabullones. The role of the tidal fluctuations becomes important during those times when the outlets/inlets to the sea are not blocked by a sand bar and is allowed to freely flow into the wetland interior. The salinity of the wetland varies from brackish to hypersaline. The hypersaline conditions, including the occurrence of saltflats, within the Punta Cabullones wetland area result from a high evapotranspiration rate. The hypersaline conditions are further enhanced by a sand bar that blocks the inlet/outlet of the wetland’s easternmost channel, particularly during the dry season.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Groundwater in Punta Cabullones mostly is present within beds of silisiclastic sand and gravel. During the study period, the depth to groundwater did not exceed 4 feet below land surface. The movement and direction of the groundwater flow in Punta Cabullones are driven by density variations that in turn result from the wide range of salinities in the groundwater. The salinity of the groundwater decreases within the first 60 to 100 feet of depth and decreases outward from a mound of hypersaline groundwater centered on piezometer nest PN2. The main groundwater types within the Punta Cabullones area vary from calcium-bicarbonate type in the northernmost part of the study area to a predominantly sodium-potassium-chloride groundwater type southward. According to stable-isotope data, groundwater within the study area is both modern meteoric water and seawater highly affected by evaporation. The chemical and stable-isotopic character of local groundwater is highly influenced by evapotranspiration because of its shallow depth.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Equivalent freshwater heads indicate groundwater moves away from a mound centered on piezometer nest PN2, in a pattern similar to the spatial distribution of groundwater salinity. Vertical groundwater flow occurs in Punta Cabullones due to local differences in density. In the wetland subarea of Punta Cabullones, groundwater and surface water are hydraulically coupled. Locally, surface-hypersaline water sinks into the aquifer, providing recharge and serving as a mechanism to redistribute salt throughout the study area. The evapotranspiration in the wetland subarea is estimated at about 11 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) that is equivalent to about 12,586 acre-feet per year. The balance of evapotranspiration, in excess of the about 0.5 Mgal/d of groundwater flow within the wetland, is supplied by saline to hypersaline surface water that may include seawater and meteoric water highly affected by evaporation with dissolved salts. In one of the extreme scenarios in which no groundwater is intercepted by pumpage at the Restaurada well field, the amount of saline to hypersaline water in the wetland consumed by evapotranspiration is about 10.5 Mgal/d. In the opposite extreme in which the entire regional groundwater flow is intercepted by pumpage in the Restaurada well field, the entire evapotranpiration requirement is met by saline to hypersaline water. Hydrologic, isotopic, and chemical data indicate that all of, or a large portion of, the historical groundwater flow to Punta Cabullones is being captured by the Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewer Authority pumpage at the Restaurada well field at a rate of about 2 Mgal/d. As a consequence, seawater intrusion into the aquifer at the Punta Cabullones area seems to be occurring, while the current pumpage at the Restaurada well field is sustained by storage depletion of the aquifer.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145102","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Municipio Autónomo de Ponce and the Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources","usgsCitation":"Rodríguez-Martínez, J., and Soler-Lopez, L.R., 2014, Hydrogeology and hydrology of the Punta Cabullones wetland area, Ponce, southern Puerto Rico, 2007-08: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5102, ix, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145102.","productDescription":"ix, 58 p.","numberOfPages":"72","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-013823","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145102.jpg"},{"id":292604,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5102/pdf/sir2014-5102.pdf"},{"id":292603,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5102/"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Lambert conformal conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","city":"Ponce","otherGeospatial":"Punta Cabullones Wetland Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -66.616667,17.958333 ], [ -66.616667,18.008333 ], [ -66.575,18.008333 ], [ -66.575,17.958333 ], [ -66.616667,17.958333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f5a82fe4b09d12e0e85124","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodríguez-Martínez, Jesús","contributorId":48149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodríguez-Martínez","given":"Jesús","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soler-Lopez, Luis R.","contributorId":27501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soler-Lopez","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70104613,"text":"sim3296 - 2014 - Hydrogeology of Puerto Rico and the outlying islands of Vieques, Culebra, and Mona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-19T09:51:28","indexId":"sim3296","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-19T09:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3296","title":"Hydrogeology of Puerto Rico and the outlying islands of Vieques, Culebra, and Mona","docAbstract":"<p>The availability of hydrogeologic maps for Puerto Rico and the outlying islands of Vieques, Culebra, and Mona are important to hydrogeologists, groundwater specialists, and water resource managers and planners. These maps, in combination with the report, serve as a source of information to all users by providing basic hydrogeologic and hydrologic knowledge in a concise illustrated format.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Puerto Rico and the outlying islands cover a total area of 8,927 square kilometers (km<sup>2</sup>). Of this total area, about 3,500 km<sup>2</sup> are underlain by hydrogeologic units that are classified as intergranular or fissured. These hydrogeologic units form the principal aquifer systems throughout Puerto Rico and the outlying islands.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>In Puerto Rico, the most extensive and intensely developed aquifers are the North Coast Limestone aquifer system and the South Coastal Alluvial Plain aquifer system. Withdrawals from these two aquifer systems constitute nearly 70 percent of the total groundwater withdrawn in Puerto Rico.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The spatial extent of the North Coast Limestone aquifer system is about 2,000 km<sup>2</sup>. Within this aquifer system, groundwater development is greatest in the 800-km<sup>2</sup> area between the Río Grande de Arecibo and the Río de la Plata. This also is the area for which concern is the highest regarding the future use of groundwater as a primary source of water for domestic and industrial use. With an estimated withdrawal of 280,000 cubic meters per day (m<sup>3</sup>/d), groundwater constituted the principal source of water within this area providing 100 percent of the water for self-supplied industries and about 85 percent for public water supplies in 1985. By 2005, groundwater withdrawals decreased to 150,000 m<sup>3</sup>/d.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The spatial extent of the South Coastal Alluvial Plain aquifer system is about 470 km<sup>2</sup>. The estimated consumptive groundwater withdrawal from the aquifer system was 190,000 m<sup>3</sup>/d in 1980 and 170,000 m<sup>3</sup>/d in 2005. About 60 percent and 40 percent of the groundwater withdrawal from the South Coastal Alluvial Plain aquifer system was used for public water supply and irrigation, respectively.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>In the outlying islands of Vieques, Culebra, and Mona, only Vieques is underlain by aquifers of any local importance. The Resolución and Esperanza aquifers underlie an area covering 16 km<sup>2</sup> on the island of Vieques. Prior to 1978 when an underwater public water-supply pipeline connecting Vieques to the main island of Puerto Rico was completed, groundwater withdrawal from the two aquifers was as much as 2,500 m<sup>3</sup>/d. Groundwater withdrawals in Vieques island in 2005 were estimated at less than 100 m<sup>3</sup>/d.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The potential development of relatively untapped groundwater resources in Puerto Rico is limited to the Río Grande de Añasco valley and the Río Culebrinas valley in the western part of the island and to the Río Grande de Arecibo part of the North Coast Limestone aquifer system. In general, the North Coast Limestone and the South Coastal Alluvial Plain aquifer systems, which are the two principal groundwater-flow systems in Puerto Rico, show evidence of aquifer overdraft as indicated by regional increases in concentrations of dissolved solids.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Optimization of withdrawals through conjunctive use of both surface-water and groundwater sources and by instituting water conservation measures has the greatest potential to ensure the continued use of groundwater resources. In support of these efforts, programs also could be implemented to improve database information regarding groundwater withdrawals and the contribution of surface-water diversions to surface-water flow, especially within the southern coastal plain of Puerto Rico.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3296","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico","usgsCitation":"Gómez-Gómez, F., Rodríguez-Martínez, J., and Santiago, M., 2014, Hydrogeology of Puerto Rico and the outlying islands of Vieques, Culebra, and Mona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3296, Report: vi, 40 p.; 2 Plates: 33.0 x 19.0 inches and 28.5 x 22.0 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3296.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 40 p.; 2 Plates: 33.0 x 19.0 inches and 28.5 x 22.0 inches","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-020714","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292516,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3296.jpg"},{"id":292515,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3296/plates/sim3296_plate2.pdf"},{"id":292514,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3296/plates/sim3296_plate1.pdf"},{"id":292513,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3296/pdf/sim3296.pdf"},{"id":292512,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3296/"}],"projection":"Lambert conformal conic projection","datum":"Puerto Rico Datum","country":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Culebra;Mona;Vieques","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -67.966667,17.75 ], [ -67.966667,18.583333 ], [ -65.225,18.583333 ], [ -65.225,17.75 ], [ -67.966667,17.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f456afe4b073ff7739d84b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gómez-Gómez, Fernando","contributorId":31366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gómez-Gómez","given":"Fernando","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodríguez-Martínez, Jesús","contributorId":48149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodríguez-Martínez","given":"Jesús","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Santiago, Marilyn 0000-0002-2803-6799 msant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2803-6799","contributorId":5958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santiago","given":"Marilyn","email":"msant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70119267,"text":"70119267 - 2014 - Tracking geomorphic signatures of watershed suburbanization with multi-temporal LiDAR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-15T08:48:57","indexId":"70119267","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-15T09:06:02","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking geomorphic signatures of watershed suburbanization with multi-temporal LiDAR","docAbstract":"Urban development practices redistribute surface materials through filling, grading, and terracing, causing drastic changes to the geomorphic organization of the landscape. Many studies document the hydrologic, biologic, or geomorphic consequences of urbanization using space-for-time comparisons of disparate urban and rural landscapes. However, no previous studies have documented geomorphic changes from development using multiple dates of high-resolution topographic data at the watershed scale. This study utilized a time series of five sequential light detection and ranging (LiDAR) derived digital elevation models (DEMs) to track watershed geomorphic changes within two watersheds throughout development (2002–2008) and across multiple spatial scales (0.01–1 km<sup>2</sup>). Development-induced changes were compared against an undeveloped forested watershed during the same time period. Changes in elevations, slopes, hypsometry, and surface flow pathways were tracked throughout the development process to assess watershed geomorphic alterations. Results suggest that development produced an increase in sharp topographic breaks between relatively flat surfaces and steep slopes, replacing smoothly varying hillslopes and leading to greater variation in slopes. Examinations of flowpath distributions highlight systematic modifications that favor rapid convergence in unchanneled upland areas. Evidence of channel additions in the form of engineered surface conduits is apparent in comparisons of pre- and post-development stream maps. These results suggest that topographic modification, in addition to impervious surfaces, contributes to altered hydrologic dynamics observed in urban systems. This work highlights important considerations for the use of repeat LiDAR flights in analyzing watershed change through time. Novel methods introduced here may allow improved understanding and targeted mitigation of the processes driving geomorphic changes during development and help guide future research directions for development-based watershed studies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.04.038","usgsCitation":"Jones, D.K., Baker, M.E., Miller, A.J., Jarnagin, S., and Hogan, D.M., 2014, Tracking geomorphic signatures of watershed suburbanization with multi-temporal LiDAR: Geomorphology, v. 219, p. 42-52, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.04.038.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"52","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-051787","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291737,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.04.038"}],"volume":"219","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ef10aee4b0bfa1f993514b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Daniel K. 0000-0003-0724-8001 dkjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0724-8001","contributorId":4959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Daniel","email":"dkjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Matthew E.","contributorId":42889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Andrew J.","contributorId":7559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jarnagin, S. Taylor","contributorId":32816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnagin","given":"S. Taylor","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hogan, Dianna M. 0000-0003-1492-4514 dhogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-4514","contributorId":2299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"Dianna","email":"dhogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":497630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70120271,"text":"ofr20141172 - 2014 - Wetland management and rice farming strategies to decrease methylmercury bioaccumulation and loads from the Cosumnes River Preserve, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-21T21:05:11.01929","indexId":"ofr20141172","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-14T16:04:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1172","title":"Wetland management and rice farming strategies to decrease methylmercury bioaccumulation and loads from the Cosumnes River Preserve, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>We evaluated mercury (Hg) concentrations in caged fish (deployed for 30 days) and water from agricultural wetland (rice fields), managed wetland, slough, and river habitats in the Cosumnes River Preserve, California. We also implemented experimental hydrological regimes on managed wetlands and post-harvest rice straw management techniques on rice fields in order to evaluate potential Best Management Practices to decrease methylmercury bioaccumulation within wetlands and loads to the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. Total Hg concentrations in caged fish were twice as high in rice fields as in managed wetland, slough, or riverine habitats, including seasonal managed wetlands subjected to identical hydrological regimes. Caged fish Hg concentrations also differed among managed wetland treatments and post-harvest rice straw treatments. Specifically, Hg concentrations in caged fish decreased from inlets to outlets in seasonal managed wetlands with either a single (fall-only) or dual (fall and spring) drawdown and flood-up events, whereas Hg concentrations increased slightly from inlets to outlets in permanent managed wetlands. In rice fields, experimental post-harvest straw management did not decrease Hg concentrations in caged fish. In fact, in fields in which rice straw was chopped and either disked into the soil or baled and removed from the fields, fish Hg concentrations increased from inlets to outlets and were higher than Hg concentrations in fish from rice fields subjected to the more standard post-harvest practice of simply chopping rice straw prior to fall flood-up. Finally, aqueous methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations and export were highly variable, and seasonal trends in particular were often opposite to those of caged fish. Aqueous MeHg concentrations and loads were substantially higher in winter than in summer, whereas caged fish Hg concentrations were relatively low in winter and substantially higher in summer. Together, our results highlight the importance of habitat, seasonal processes, and wetland management practices on Hg cycling and ecological risk in aquatic ecosystems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141172","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management and Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board","usgsCitation":"Eagles-Smith, C.A., Ackerman, J., Fleck, J., Windham-Myers, L., McQuillen, H., and Heim, W., 2014, Wetland management and rice farming strategies to decrease methylmercury bioaccumulation and loads from the Cosumnes River Preserve, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1172, vi, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141172.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-057559","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292237,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141172.jpg"},{"id":292235,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1172/"},{"id":292236,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1172/pdf/ofr2014-1172.pdf"},{"id":399471,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_100548.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cosumnes River Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.5308,\n              38.2394\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.3519,\n              38.2394\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.3519,\n              38.3294\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5308,\n              38.3294\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5308,\n              38.2394\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edbf36e4b0f61b386c8278","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleck, Jacob 0000-0002-3217-3972","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-3972","contributorId":47883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Jacob","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Windham-Myers, Lisamarie 0000-0003-0281-9581 lwindham-myers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0281-9581","contributorId":2449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Windham-Myers","given":"Lisamarie","email":"lwindham-myers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McQuillen, Harry","contributorId":19089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McQuillen","given":"Harry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Heim, Wes","contributorId":63324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heim","given":"Wes","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70119490,"text":"sir20145150 - 2014 - Hydrologic models and analysis of water availability in Cuyama Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T16:06:03","indexId":"sir20145150","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-14T15:54:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5150","title":"Hydrologic models and analysis of water availability in Cuyama Valley, California","docAbstract":"<p>Changes in population, agricultural development practices (including shifts to more water-intensive crops), and climate variability are placing increasingly larger demands on available water resources, particularly groundwater, in the Cuyama Valley, one of the most productive agricultural regions in Santa Barbara County. The goal of this study was to produce a model capable of being accurate at scales relevant to water management decisions that could be considered in the evaluation of the sustainable water supply. The Cuyama Valley Hydrologic Model (CUVHM) was designed to simulate the most important natural and human components of the hydrologic system, including components dependent on variations in climate, thereby providing a reliable assessment of groundwater conditions and processes that can inform water users and help to improve planning for future conditions. Model development included a revision of the conceptual model of the flow system, construction of a precipitation-runoff model using the Basin Characterization Model (BCM), and construction of an integrated hydrologic flow model with MODFLOW-One-Water Hydrologic Flow Model (MF-OWHM). The hydrologic models were calibrated to historical conditions of water and land use and, then, used to assess the use and movement of water throughout the Valley. These tools provide a means to understand the evolution of water use in the Valley, its availability, and the limits of sustainability.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The conceptual model identified inflows and outflows that include the movement and use of water in both natural and anthropogenic systems. The groundwater flow system is characterized by a layered geologic sedimentary sequence that—in combination with the effects of groundwater pumping, natural recharge, and the application of irrigation water at the land surface—displays vertical hydraulic-head gradients. Overall, most of the agricultural demand for water in the Cuyama Valley in the initial part of the growing season is supplied by groundwater, which is augmented by precipitation during wet winter and spring seasons. In addition, the amount of groundwater used for irrigation varies from year to year in response to climate variation and can increase dramatically in dry years. Model simulation results, however, also indicated that irrigation may have been less efficient during wet years. Agricultural pumpage is a major component to simulated outflow that is often poorly recorded. Therefore, an integrated, coupled farm-process model is used to estimate historical pumpage for water-balance subregions that evolved with the development of groundwater in the Valley from 1949 through 2010. The integrated hydrologic model includes these water-balance subregions and delineates natural, municipal, and agricultural land use; streamflow networks; and groundwater flow systems. The redefinition of the geohydrologic framework (including the internal architecture of the sedimentary units) and incorporation of these units into the simulation of the regional groundwater flow system indicated that faults have compartmentalized the alluvial deposits into subregions, which have responded differently to regional groundwater flow, locations of recharge, and the effects of development. The Cuyama Valley comprises nine subregions grouped into three regional zones, the Main, Ventucopa Uplands, and Sierra Madre Foothills, which are fault bounded, represent different proportions of the three alluvial aquifers, and have different water quality.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The CUVHM uses MF-OWHM to simulate and assess the use and movement of water, including the evolution of land use and related water-balance regions. The model is capable of being accurate at annual to interannual time frames and at subregional to valley-wide spatial scales, which allows for analysis of the groundwater hydrologic budget for the water years 1950–2010, as well as potential assessment of the sustainable use of groundwater.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Simulated changes in storage over time showed that significant withdrawals from storage generally occurred not only during drought years (1976–77 and 1988–92) but also during the early stages of industrial agriculture, which was initially dominated by alfalfa production. Since the 1990s, agriculture has shifted to more water-intensive crops. Measured and simulated groundwater levels indicated substantial declines in selected subregions, mining of groundwater that is thousands to tens of thousands of years old, increased groundwater storage depletion, and land subsidence. Most of the recharge occurs in the upland regions of Ventucopa and Sierra Madre Foothills, and the largest fractions of pumpage and storage depletion occur in the Main subregion. The long-term imbalance between inflows and outflows resulted in simulated overdraft (groundwater withdrawals in excess of natural recharge) of the groundwater basin over the 61-year period of 1949–2010. Changes in storage varied considerably from year to year, depending on land use, pumpage, and climate conditions. Climatically driven factors can greatly affect inflows, outflows, and water use by more than a factor of two between wet and dry years. Although precipitation during inter-decadal wet years previously replenished the basin, the water use and storage depletion have lessened the effects of these major recharge events. Simulated and measured water-level altitudes indicated the presence of large areas where depressed water levels have resulted in large desaturated zones in the younger and Older Alluvium layers in the Main-zone subregions. The results of modeled projection of the base-case scenario 61 years into the future indicated that current supply-and-demand are unsustainable and will result in additional groundwater-level declines and related storage depletion and land subsidence. The reduced-supply and reduced-demand projections reduced groundwater storage depletion but may not allow for sustainable agriculture under current demands, agricultural practices, and land use.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145150","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Santa Barbara County Department of Public Works Water Agency","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., Flint, L.E., Faunt, C., Gibbs, D.R., and Schmid, W., 2014, Hydrologic models and analysis of water availability in Cuyama Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5150, xii, 150 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145150.","productDescription":"xii, 150 p.","numberOfPages":"166","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-036168","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292234,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145150.jpg"},{"id":292231,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5150/"},{"id":292233,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5150/pdf/sir2014-5150.pdf"}],"projection":"Albers Projection","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cuyama Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.866667,34.633333 ], [ -119.866667,35.05 ], [ -119.166667,35.05 ], [ -119.166667,34.633333 ], [ -119.866667,34.633333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edbf30e4b0f61b386c8268","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, R. T.","contributorId":91148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faunt, Claudia C. 0000-0001-5659-7529 ccfaunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":1491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"Claudia C.","email":"ccfaunt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":497683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gibbs, Dennis R.","contributorId":21050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmid, Wolfgang","contributorId":84020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmid","given":"Wolfgang","affiliations":[{"id":13040,"text":"Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":497685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70119726,"text":"fs20143075 - 2014 - Cuyama Valley, California hydrologic study: an assessment of water availability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T15:00:09","indexId":"fs20143075","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-14T14:55:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3075","title":"Cuyama Valley, California hydrologic study: an assessment of water availability","docAbstract":"<p>Water resources are under pressure throughout California, particularly in agriculturally dominated valleys. Since 1949, the Cuyama Valley’s irrigated acreage has increased from 13 to 35 percent of the valley. Increased agriculture has contributed to the demand for water beyond natural recharge. The tools and information developed for this study can be used to help understand the Cuyama Valley aquifer system, an important resource of Santa Barbara County.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143075","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., and Sweetkind, D., 2014, Cuyama Valley, California hydrologic study: an assessment of water availability: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3075, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143075.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042293","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292223,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143075.jpg"},{"id":292221,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3075/"},{"id":292222,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3075/pdf/fs2014-3075.pdf"}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cuyama Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.833333,34.666667 ], [ -119.833333,35.0 ], [ -119.333333,35.0 ], [ -119.333333,34.666667 ], [ -119.833333,34.666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edbf2ee4b0f61b386c825b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S. dsweetkind@usgs.gov","contributorId":735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald S.","email":"dsweetkind@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":497766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70117069,"text":"fs20143060 - 2014 - Strategic needs of water on the Yukon: an interdisciplinary approach to studying hydrology and climate change in the Lower Yukon River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T14:17:09","indexId":"fs20143060","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-14T13:47:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3060","title":"Strategic needs of water on the Yukon: an interdisciplinary approach to studying hydrology and climate change in the Lower Yukon River Basin","docAbstract":"Strategic Needs of Water on the Yukon (SNOWY) is an interdisciplinary research project funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF; <a href=\"http://www.nsf.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.nsf.gov/</a>). The SNOWY team is made up of a diverse group of researchers from different backgrounds and organizations. This partnership between scientists from different disciplines (hydrology, geography, and social science), government agencies, nonprofit organizations, universities, and Lower Yukon River Basin (LYRB) and Yukon-Kuskokwim (YK) Delta communities provided an opportunity to study the effects of climate change using a holistic approach. The Arctic and Subarctic are experiencing environmental change at a rate faster than the rest of the world, and the lack of historical baseline data in these often remote locations makes understanding and predicting regional climate change difficult. This project focused on collecting data to fill in these gaps by using both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to tell the story of environmental change in this region as told by the physical data and the people who rely on this landscape.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143060","usgsCitation":"Herman-Mercer, N.M., and Schuster, P.F., 2014, Strategic needs of water on the Yukon: an interdisciplinary approach to studying hydrology and climate change in the Lower Yukon River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3060, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143060.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-057529","costCenters":[{"id":435,"text":"National Research Program - Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292213,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143060.jpg"},{"id":292212,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3060/pdf/fs2014-3060.pdf"},{"id":292211,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3060/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Lower Yukon River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -166.57,60.47 ], [ -166.57,63.36 ], [ -161.34,63.36 ], [ -161.34,60.47 ], [ -166.57,60.47 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edbf35e4b0f61b386c8274","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herman-Mercer, Nicole M. 0000-0001-5933-4978 nhmercer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5933-4978","contributorId":3927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman-Mercer","given":"Nicole","email":"nhmercer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuster, Paul F. 0000-0002-8314-1372 pschuste@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-1372","contributorId":1360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Paul","email":"pschuste@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70110601,"text":"sim3299 - 2014 - Flood-inundation maps for the Saddle River in Ho-Ho-Kus Borough, the Village of Ridgewood, and Paramus Borough, New Jersey, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T09:58:55","indexId":"sim3299","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-14T09:46:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3299","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the Saddle River in Ho-Ho-Kus Borough, the Village of Ridgewood, and Paramus Borough, New Jersey, 2013","docAbstract":"<p>Digital flood-inundation maps for a 5.4-mile reach of the Saddle River in New Jersey from Hollywood Avenue in Ho-Ho-Kus Borough downstream through the Village of Ridgewood and Paramus Borough to the confluence with Hohokus Brook in the Village of Ridgewood were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP). The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at <a href=\"http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/\">http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/</a>, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage on the Saddle River at Ridgewood, New Jersey (station 01390500). Current conditions for estimating near real-time areas of inundation using USGS streamgage information may be obtained on the Internet at <a href=\"http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv?site_no=01390500\">http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv?site_no=01390500</a> or at the National Weather Services (NWS) Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) at <a href=\"http://water.weather.gov/ahps2/hydrograph.php?wfo=okx&gage=rwdn4\">http://water.weather.gov/ahps2/hydrograph.php?wfo=okx&gage=rwdn4</a>.</p>\n<br>\n<p>In this study, flood profiles were computed for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The model was calibrated by using the most current stage-discharge relation (March 11, 2011) at the USGS streamgage 01390500, Saddle River at Ridgewood, New Jersey. The hydraulic model was then used to compute 10 water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot (ft) intervals referenced to the streamgage datum, North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88), and ranging from 5 ft, the NWS “action and minor flood stage”, to 14 ft, which is the maximum extent of the stage-discharge rating and 0.6 ft higher than the highest recorded water level at the streamgage. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system 3-meter (9.84-ft) digital elevation model derived from Light Detection and Ranging (lidar) data in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The availability of these maps along with information on the Internet regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage provides emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities, such as evacuations and road closures as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3299","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Watson, K.M., and Niemoczynski, M.J., 2014, Flood-inundation maps for the Saddle River in Ho-Ho-Kus Borough, the Village of Ridgewood, and Paramus Borough, New Jersey, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3299, Pamphlet: v, 10 p.; 10 Plates: 17.00 x 22.00 inches; Downloads directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3299.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: v, 10 p.; 10 Plates: 17.00 x 22.00 inches; Downloads directory","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2013-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-055163","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292169,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3299.jpg"},{"id":292155,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/"},{"id":292156,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/downloads/sim3299-pamphlet.pdf"},{"id":292157,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/downloads/map_sheets/sim3299_5_0.pdf"},{"id":292158,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/downloads/map_sheets/sim3299_6_0.pdf"},{"id":292159,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/downloads/map_sheets/sim3299_7_0.pdf"},{"id":292160,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/downloads/map_sheets/sim3299_8_0.pdf"},{"id":292161,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/downloads/map_sheets/sim3299_9_0.pdf"},{"id":292162,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/downloads/map_sheets/sim3299_10_0.pdf"},{"id":292163,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/downloads/map_sheets/sim3299_11_0.pdf"},{"id":292164,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/downloads/map_sheets/sim3299_12_0.pdf"},{"id":292165,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/downloads/map_sheets/sim3299_13_0.pdf"},{"id":292166,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/downloads/map_sheets/sim3299_14_0.pdf"},{"id":292167,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3299/downloads"}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Ho-ho-kus Borough;Paramus Borough;Saddle River;Village Of Redwood","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.116667,40.95 ], [ -74.116667,41.0 ], [ -74.066667,41.0 ], [ -74.066667,40.95 ], [ -74.116667,40.95 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edbf2fe4b0f61b386c825e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watson, Kara M. 0000-0002-2685-0260 kmwatson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2685-0260","contributorId":2134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"Kara","email":"kmwatson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Niemoczynski, Michal J. 0000-0003-0880-7354 mniemocz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0880-7354","contributorId":5840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niemoczynski","given":"Michal","email":"mniemocz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70114014,"text":"ofr20141101 - 2014 - Stable isotope (δ<sup>18</sup>O and δ<sup>2</sup>H) data for precipitation, stream water, and groundwater in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T08:44:49","indexId":"ofr20141101","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-14T08:35:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1101","title":"Stable isotope (δ<sup>18</sup>O and δ<sup>2</sup>H) data for precipitation, stream water, and groundwater in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"<p>Puerto Rico is located in the northeastern Caribbean Sea (18.2 °N, 66.3 °W), with the Atlantic Ocean on its northern coast. The U.S. Geological Survey’s Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) program study area in which most of these data were collected comprises the El Yunque National Forest and surrounding area of eastern Puerto Rico. Samples were collected in two forested watersheds, the Rio Mameyes and the Rio Icacos/Rio Blanco, on opposite sides of a ridge in the Luquillo Mountains on the eastern end of the island (fig. 1). Elevation in both watersheds ranges from sea level to approximately 1,000 meters (m). Near sea level, land use is mixed pasture, moist forest, and residential, grading to completely forested within the boundaries of El Yunque National Forest. Forest type changes with elevation from tabonuco to palo colorado to sierra palm to cloud forest above approximately 950 m (Murphy and others, 2012). The Rio Mameyes watershed is oriented north-northeast, and the basin is underlain by volcaniclastic bedrock (basaltic to andesitic volcanic sandstone/mudstone/conglomerate/breccia). The Rio Icacos/Rio Blanco watershed is oriented south-southeast. The Rio Icacos is one of the headwaters of the Rio Blanco and is underlain by quartz diorite. The lower Rio Blanco basin is underlain by andesitic volcaniclastic bedrock. This report also contains a long-term rain isotope dataset from the San Agustin site, in north-central Puerto Rico (fig. 1).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Puerto Rico has a tropical climate dominated by easterly trade winds, and seasonal climate patterns affect the hydrology of the study area. The summer wet season is characterized by convective precipitation from tropical easterly waves, troughs, and cyclonic low-pressure systems, including tropical storms and hurricanes; in contrast, the drier winter season is characterized by trade-wind showers and frontal systems. The highest single-event rainfall totals tend to be associated with tropical storms, hurricanes, and cold fronts, although frequent low-intensity orographic showers occur throughout the year in the mountains. The stable isotope signatures of rainfall (δ<sup>2</sup>H and δ<sup>18</sup>O) are broadly correlated with the weather type that produced the rainfall (Scholl and others, 2009; Scholl and Murphy, 2014).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141101","usgsCitation":"Scholl, M.A., Torres-Sanchez, A., and Rosario-Torres, M., 2014, Stable isotope (δ<sup>18</sup>O and δ<sup>2</sup>H) data for precipitation, stream water, and groundwater in Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1101, v, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141101.","productDescription":"v, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053915","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292136,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1101/"},{"id":292137,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1101/pdf/of2014-1101.pdf"},{"id":292138,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141101.jpg"}],"country":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"El Yunque National Forest;Luquillo Mountains;Rio Blanco;Rio Icacos;Rio Mameyes","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -66.608333,18.15 ], [ -66.608333,18.420833 ], [ -65.65,18.420833 ], [ -65.65,18.15 ], [ -66.608333,18.15 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edbf31e4b0f61b386c826c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholl, Martha A. 0000-0001-6994-4614 mascholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4614","contributorId":1920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Martha","email":"mascholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torres-Sanchez, Angel","contributorId":56567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres-Sanchez","given":"Angel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosario-Torres, Manuel","contributorId":103192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosario-Torres","given":"Manuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70119919,"text":"70119919 - 2014 - Multi-scale observations of the variability of magmatic CO2 emissions, Mammoth Mountain, CA, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T10:03:15","indexId":"70119919","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-11T15:44:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-scale observations of the variability of magmatic CO2 emissions, Mammoth Mountain, CA, USA","docAbstract":"One of the primary indicators of volcanic unrest at Mammoth Mountain is diffuse emission of magmatic CO<sub>2</sub>, which can effectively track this unrest if its variability in space and time and relationship to near-surface meteorological and hydrologic phenomena versus those occurring at depth beneath the mountain are understood. In June–October 2013, we conducted accumulation chamber soil CO<sub>2</sub> flux surveys and made half-hourly CO<sub>2</sub> flux measurements with automated eddy covariance and accumulation chamber (auto-chamber) instrumentation at the largest area of diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> degassing on Mammoth Mountain (Horseshoe Lake tree kill; HLTK). Estimated CO<sub>2</sub> emission rates for HLTK based on 20 June, 30 July, and 24–25 October soil CO<sub>2</sub> flux surveys were 165, 172, and 231 t d<sup>− 1</sup>, respectively. The average (June–October) CO<sub>2</sub> emission rate estimated for this area was 123 t d<sup>− 1</sup> based on an inversion of 4527 eddy covariance CO<sub>2</sub> flux measurements and corresponding modeled source weight functions. Average daily eddy covariance and auto-chamber CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes consistently declined over the four-month observation time. Wavelet analysis of auto-chamber CO<sub>2</sub> flux and environmental parameter time series was used to evaluate the periodicity of, and local correlation between these variables in time–frequency space. Overall, CO<sub>2</sub> emissions at HLTK were highly dynamic, displaying short-term (hourly to weekly) temporal variability related to meteorological and hydrologic changes, as well as long-term (monthly to multi-year) variations related to migration of CO<sub>2</sub>-rich magmatic fluids beneath the volcano. Accumulation chamber soil CO<sub>2</sub> flux surveys were also conducted in the four additional areas of diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> degassing on Mammoth Mountain in July–August 2013. Summing CO<sub>2</sub> emission rates for all five areas yielded a total for the mountain of 311 t d<sup>− 1</sup>, which may suggest that emissions returned to 1998–2009 levels, following an increase from 2009 to 2011.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.07.011","usgsCitation":"Lewicki, J.L., and Hilley, G.E., 2014, Multi-scale observations of the variability of magmatic CO2 emissions, Mammoth Mountain, CA, USA: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 284, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.07.011.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-056366","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291980,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mammoth Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.09,37.59 ], [ -119.09,37.66 ], [ -119.0,37.66 ], [ -119.0,37.59 ], [ -119.09,37.59 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"284","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e9caafe4b008eaa4f35a7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewicki, Jennifer L. 0000-0003-1994-9104 jlewicki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-9104","contributorId":5071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewicki","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlewicki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hilley, George E.","contributorId":85484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilley","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70115925,"text":"sir20145125 - 2014 - A precipitation-runoff model for simulating natural streamflow conditions in the Smith River watershed, Montana, water years 1996-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-08T12:44:08","indexId":"sir20145125","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-08T11:55:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5125","title":"A precipitation-runoff model for simulating natural streamflow conditions in the Smith River watershed, Montana, water years 1996-2008","docAbstract":"<p>This report documents the construction of a precipitation-runoff model for simulating natural streamflow in the Smith River watershed, Montana. This Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System model, constructed in cooperation with the Meagher County Conservation District, can be used to examine the general hydrologic framework of the Smith River watershed, including quantification of precipitation, evapotranspiration, and streamflow; partitioning of streamflow between surface runoff and subsurface flow; and quantifying contributions to streamflow from several parts of the watershed.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The model was constructed by using spatial datasets describing watershed topography, the streams, and the hydrologic characteristics of the basin soils and vegetation. Time-series data (daily total precipitation, and daily minimum and maximum temperature) were input to the model to simulate daily streamflow. The model was calibrated for water years 2002–2007 and evaluated for water years 1996–2001. Though water year 2008 was included in the study period to evaluate water-budget components, calibration and evaluation data were unavailable for that year. During the calibration and evaluation periods, simulated-natural flow values were compared to reconstructed-natural streamflow data. These reconstructed-natural streamflow data were calculated by adding Bureau of Reclamation’s depletions data to the observed streamflows. Reconstructed-natural streamflows represent estimates of streamflows for water years 1996–2007 assuming there was no agricultural water-resources development in the watershed. Additional calibration targets were basin mean monthly solar radiation and potential evapotranspiration.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The model estimated the hydrologic processes in the Smith River watershed during the calibration and evaluation periods. Simulated-natural mean annual and mean monthly flows generally were the same or higher than the reconstructed-natural streamflow values during the calibration period, whereas they were lower during the evaluation period. The shape of the annual hydrographs for the simulated-natural daily streamflow values matched the shape of the hydrographs for the reconstructed-natural values for most of the calibration period, but daily streamflow values were underestimated during the evaluation period for water years 1996–1998.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The model enabled a detailed evaluation of the components of the water budget within the Smith River watershed during the water year 1996–2008 study period. During this study period, simulated mean annual precipitation across the Smith River watershed was 16 inches, out of which 14 inches evaporated or transpired and 2 inches left the basin as streamflow. Per the precipitation-runoff model simulations, during most of the year, surface runoff rarely (less than 2 percent of the time during water years 2002–2008) makes up more than 10 percent of the total streamflow. Subsurface flow (the combination of interflow and groundwater flow) makes up most of the total streamflow (99 or more percent of total streamflow for 71 percent of the time during water years 2002–2008).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145125","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Meagher County Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Chase, K.J., Caldwell, R.R., and Stanley, A.K., 2014, A precipitation-runoff model for simulating natural streamflow conditions in the Smith River watershed, Montana, water years 1996-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5125, vi, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145125.","productDescription":"vi, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1995-10-01","temporalEnd":"2008-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-055228","costCenters":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145125.jpg"},{"id":291908,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5125/pdf/sir2014-5125.pdf"},{"id":291906,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5125/"}],"projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Smith River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.0,46.25 ], [ -112.0,47.5 ], [ -110.5,47.5 ], [ -110.5,46.25 ], [ -112.0,46.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e5d62ee4b0b6c2798a65b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chase, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5796-4148 kchase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-4148","contributorId":454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Katherine","email":"kchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caldwell, Rodney R. 0000-0002-2588-715X caldwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-715X","contributorId":2577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Rodney","email":"caldwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanley, Andrea K.","contributorId":61353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70116917,"text":"fs20143061 - 2014 - Summary of hydrologic conditions in Kansas, 2013 water year","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-08T11:42:36","indexId":"fs20143061","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-08T11:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3061","title":"Summary of hydrologic conditions in Kansas, 2013 water year","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Kansas Water Science Center (KSWSC), in cooperation with local, State, and other Federal agencies, maintains a long-term network of hydrologic monitoring gages in the State of Kansas. These include 195 real-time streamflow-gaging stations (herein gages) and 12 real-time reservoir-level monitoring stations. These data and associated analysis, accumulated for many years, provide a unique overview of hydrologic conditions and help improve our understanding of our water resources.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143061","usgsCitation":"Peters, A.J., and Rasmussen, T.J., 2014, Summary of hydrologic conditions in Kansas, 2013 water year: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3061, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143061.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","temporalStart":"2012-10-01","temporalEnd":"2013-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-055523","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143061.jpg"},{"id":291903,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3061/"},{"id":291904,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3061/pdf/fs2014-3061.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -102.0518,36.993 ], [ -102.0518,40.0045 ], [ -94.5884,40.0045 ], [ -94.5884,36.993 ], [ -102.0518,36.993 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e5d630e4b0b6c2798a65e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, Arin J. ajpeters@usgs.gov","contributorId":5862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Arin","email":"ajpeters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rasmussen, Teresa J. 0000-0002-7023-3868 rasmuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-3868","contributorId":3336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Teresa","email":"rasmuss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70110586,"text":"sim3300 - 2014 - An expanded model: flood-inundation maps for the Leaf River at Hattiesburg, Mississippi, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-08T14:12:01","indexId":"sim3300","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-06T11:21:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3300","title":"An expanded model: flood-inundation maps for the Leaf River at Hattiesburg, Mississippi, 2013","docAbstract":"<p>Digital flood-inundation maps for a 6.8-mile reach of the Leaf River at Hattiesburg, Mississippi (Miss.), were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Hattiesburg, City of Petal, Forrest County, Mississippi Emergency Management Agency, Mississippi Department of Homeland Security, and the Emergency Management District. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at <a href=\"http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/\" target=\"_blank\">http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/</a>, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage at Leaf River at Hattiesburg, Miss. (station no. 02473000). Current conditions for estimating near-real-time areas of inundation by use of USGS streamgage information may be obtained on the Internet at <a href=\"http://waterdata.usgs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">http://waterdata.usgs.gov/</a>. In addition, the information has been provided to the National Weather Service (NWS) for incorporation into their Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood warning system (<a href=\"http://water.weather.gov/ahps/\" target=\"_blank\">http://water.weather.gov/ahps/</a>). The NWS forecasts flood hydrographs at many places that are often colocated with USGS streamgages. NWS-forecasted peak-stage information may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>In this study, flood profiles were computed for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The model was calibrated by using the most current stage-discharge relations at the Leaf River at Hattiesburg, Miss. streamgage (02473000) and documented high-water marks from recent and historical floods. The hydraulic model was then used to determine 13 water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1.0-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from bankfull to approximately the highest recorded water level at the streamgage. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system (GIS) digital elevation model (DEM, derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) data having a 0.6-foot vertical and 9.84-foot horizontal resolution) in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Development of the estimated flood inundation maps as described in this report update previously published inundation estimates by including reaches of the Bouie and Leaf Rivers above their confluence. The availability of these maps along with Internet information regarding current stage from USGS streamgages and forecasted stream stages from the NWS provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures as well as for post flood recovery efforts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3300","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Hattiesburg, City of Petal, Forrest County, Mississippi Emergency Management Agency, Mississippi Department of Homeland Security, and the Emergency Management District and Prepared in collaboration with the National Weather Service","usgsCitation":"Storm, J.B., 2014, An expanded model: flood-inundation maps for the Leaf River at Hattiesburg, Mississippi, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3300, Report: vi, 8 p.; 13 Plates: 18.00 x 22.83 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3300.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 8 p.; 13 Plates: 18.00 x 22.83 inches; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045674","costCenters":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291773,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3300.jpg"},{"id":291775,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet11.pdf"},{"id":291774,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet1.pdf"},{"id":291779,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet2.pdf"},{"id":291780,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet3.pdf"},{"id":291781,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet4.pdf"},{"id":291782,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet5.pdf"},{"id":291776,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet10.pdf"},{"id":291777,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet12.pdf"},{"id":291778,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet13.pdf"},{"id":291783,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet6.pdf"},{"id":291784,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet7.pdf"},{"id":291785,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet9.pdf"},{"id":291786,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/mapsheets/sim3300_sheet8.pdf"},{"id":291770,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/"},{"id":291771,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/pdf/sim3300_pamphlet.pdf"},{"id":291772,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3300/downloads"}],"projection":"Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","city":"Hattiesburg","otherGeospatial":"Leaf River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.314293,31.295882 ], [ -89.314293,31.363778 ], [ -89.243122,31.363778 ], [ -89.243122,31.295882 ], [ -89.314293,31.295882 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e3332ee4b0567f276f7cf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storm, John B. 0000-0002-5657-536X jbstorm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5657-536X","contributorId":3684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storm","given":"John","email":"jbstorm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70104555,"text":"70104555 - 2014 - Simulating soil-water movement through loess-veneered landscapes using nonconsilient saturated hydraulic conductivity measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-27T11:46:22","indexId":"70104555","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulating soil-water movement through loess-veneered landscapes using nonconsilient saturated hydraulic conductivity measurements","docAbstract":"<p><span>Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO) data are available for the entire United States, so are incorporated in many regional and national models of hydrology and environmental management. However, SSURGO does not provide an understanding of spatial variability and only includes saturated hydraulic conductivity (</span><i>K</i><sub>sat</sub><span>) values estimated from particle size analysis (PSA). This study showed model sensitivity to the substitution of SSURGO data with locally described soil properties or alternate methods of measuring&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub>sat</sub><span>. Incorporation of these different soil data sets significantly changed the results of hydrologic modeling as a consequence of the amount of space available to store soil water and how this soil water is moved downslope. Locally described soil profiles indicated a difference in&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub>sat</sub><span>&nbsp;when measured in the field vs. being estimated from PSA. This, in turn, caused a difference in which soil layers were incorporated in the hydrologic simulations using TOPMODEL, ultimately affecting how soil water storage was simulated. Simulations of free-flowing soil water, the amount of water traveling through pores too large to retain water against gravity, were compared with field observations of water in wells at five slope positions along a catena. Comparison of the simulated data with the observed data showed that the ability to model the range of conditions observed in the field varied as a function of three soil data sets (SSURGO and local field descriptions using PSA-derived&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub>sat</sub><span>&nbsp;or field-measured&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub>sat</sub><span>) and that comparison of absolute values of soil water storage are not valid if different characterizations of soil properties are used.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2014.01.0045","usgsCitation":"Williamson, T., Lee, B.D., Schoeneberger, P.J., McCauley, W.M., Indorante, S.J., and Owens, P.R., 2014, Simulating soil-water movement through loess-veneered landscapes using nonconsilient saturated hydraulic conductivity measurements: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 78, no. 4, p. 1320-1331, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2014.01.0045.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1320","endPage":"1331","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051268","costCenters":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297589,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"78","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c58e4b08de9379b373e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williamson, Tanja N. tnwillia@usgs.gov","contributorId":452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Tanja N.","email":"tnwillia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Brad D.","contributorId":138937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Brad","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoeneberger, Philip J.","contributorId":138938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoeneberger","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6688,"text":"National Soil Survey Center, Natural Resources Conservation Service – United States Department of Agriculture. 100 Centennial Mall North, Lincoln, NE 68508, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCauley, W. M.","contributorId":138939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCauley","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Indorante, Samuel J.","contributorId":138940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Indorante","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Owens, Phillip R.","contributorId":119740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Owens","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70099988,"text":"fs20143025 - 2014 - A multiphased approach to groundwater investigations for the Edwards-Trinity and related aquifers in the Pecos County region, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T12:21:45","indexId":"fs20143025","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-05T16:54:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3025","title":"A multiphased approach to groundwater investigations for the Edwards-Trinity and related aquifers in the Pecos County region, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The Edwards-Trinity aquifer is a vital groundwater resource for agricultural, industrial, and public supply uses in the Pecos County region of western Texas. Resource managers would like to understand the future availability of water in the Edwards-Trinity aquifer in the Pecos County region and the effects of the possible increase or temporal redistribution of groundwater withdrawals. To provide resource managers with that information, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Middle Pecos Groundwater Conservation District, Pecos County, City of Fort Stockton, Brewster County, and Pecos County Water Control and Improvement District No. 1, completed a three-phase study of the Edwards-Trinity and related aquifers in parts of Brewster, Jeff Davis, Pecos, and Reeves Counties. The first phase was to collect groundwater, surface-water, geochemical, geophysical, and geologic data in the study area and develop a geodatabase of historical and collected data. Data compiled in the first phase of the study were used to develop the conceptual model in the second phase of the study. The third phase of the study involved the development and calibration of a numerical groundwater-flow model of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer to simulate groundwater conditions based on various groundwater-withdrawal scenarios. Analysis of well, geophysical, geochemical, and hydrologic data contributed to the development of the conceptual model in phase 1. Lithologic information obtained from well reports and geophysical data was used to describe the hydrostratigraphy and structural features of the groundwater-flow system, and aquifer-test data were used to estimate aquifer hydraulic properties. Geochemical data were used to evaluate groundwater-flow paths, water-rock interaction, aquifer interaction, and the mixing of water from different sources in phase 2. Groundwater-level data also were used to evaluate aquifer interaction, as well as to develop a potentiometric-surface map, delineate regional groundwater divides, and describe regional groundwater-flow paths. During phase 3, the data collected and compiled along with the conceptual information in the study area were incorporated into a numerical groundwater-flow model to evaluate the sustainability of recent (2008) and projected water-use demands on groundwater resources in the study area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143025","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Middle Pecos Groundwater Conservation District, Pecos County, City of Fort Stockton, Brewster County, and Pecos County Water Control and Improvement District No. 1","usgsCitation":"Thomas, J.V., 2014, A multiphased approach to groundwater investigations for the Edwards-Trinity and related aquifers in the Pecos County region, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3025, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143025.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054855","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291741,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143025.jpg"},{"id":291739,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3025/"},{"id":291740,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3025/pdf/fs2014-3025.pdf"}],"scale":"2000000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Pecos County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.00,30.25 ], [ -104.00,31.50 ], [ -102.00,31.50 ], [ -102.00,30.25 ], [ -104.00,30.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e1e1aee4b0fe532be24a4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Jonathan V. 0000-0003-0903-9713 jvthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0903-9713","contributorId":2194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Jonathan","email":"jvthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70119244,"text":"70119244 - 2014 - Monitoring Everglades freshwater marsh water level using L-band synthetic aperture radar backscatter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-05T15:15:12","indexId":"70119244","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-05T15:06:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring Everglades freshwater marsh water level using L-band synthetic aperture radar backscatter","docAbstract":"The Florida Everglades plays a significant role in controlling floods, improving water quality, supporting ecosystems, and maintaining biodiversity in south Florida. Adaptive restoration and management of the Everglades requires the best information possible regarding wetland hydrology. We developed a new and innovative approach to quantify spatial and temporal variations in wetland water levels within the Everglades, Florida. We observed high correlations between water level measured at in situ gages and L-band SAR backscatter coefficients in the freshwater marsh, though C-band SAR backscatter has no close relationship with water level. Here we illustrate the complementarity of SAR backscatter coefficient differencing and interferometry (InSAR) for improved estimation of high spatial resolution water level variations in the Everglades. This technique has a certain limitation in applying to swamp forests with dense vegetation cover, but we conclude that this new method is promising in future applications to wetland hydrology research.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2014.03.031","usgsCitation":"Kim, J., Lu, Z., Jones, J., Shum, C., Lee, H., and Jia, Y., 2014, Monitoring Everglades freshwater marsh water level using L-band synthetic aperture radar backscatter: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 150, p. 66-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.03.031.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"66","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-046291","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291726,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291700,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.03.031"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.0,23.5 ], [ -83.0,27.5 ], [ -78.0,27.5 ], [ -78.0,23.5 ], [ -83.0,23.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"150","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e1e1b4e4b0fe532be24a83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kim, Jin-Woo","contributorId":69486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Jin-Woo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":497610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, John W. 0000-0001-6117-3691 jwjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-3691","contributorId":2220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"John","email":"jwjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shum, C. K.","contributorId":85373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shum","given":"C. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lee, Hyongki","contributorId":14748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Hyongki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jia, Yuanyuan","contributorId":35660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jia","given":"Yuanyuan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70119249,"text":"70119249 - 2014 - Density-stratified flow events in Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA: implications for mercury and salinity cycling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T16:03:01","indexId":"70119249","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-05T14:53:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":866,"text":"Aquatic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Density-stratified flow events in Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA: implications for mercury and salinity cycling","docAbstract":"Density stratification in saline and hypersaline water bodies from throughout the world can have large impacts on the internal cycling and loading of salinity, nutrients, and trace elements. High temporal resolution hydroacoustic and physical/chemical data were collected at two sites in Great Salt Lake (GSL), a saline lake in the western USA, to understand how density stratification may influence salinity and mercury (Hg) distributions. The first study site was in a causeway breach where saline water from GSL exchanges with less saline water from a flow restricted bay. Near-surface-specific conductance values measured in water at the breach displayed a good relationship with both flow and wind direction. No diurnal variations in the concentration of dissolved (<0.45 μm) methylmercury (MeHg) were observed during the 24-h sampling period; however, the highest proportion of particulate Hg<sub>total</sub> and MeHg loadings was observed during periods of elevated salinity. The second study site was located on the bottom of GSL where movement of a high-salinity water layer, referred to as the deep brine layer (DBL), is restricted to a naturally occurring 1.5-km-wide “spillway” structure. During selected time periods in April/May, 2012, wind-induced flow reversals in a railroad causeway breach, separating Gunnison and Gilbert Bays, were coupled with high-velocity flow pulses (up to 55 cm/s) in the DBL at the spillway site. These flow pulses were likely driven by a pressure response of highly saline water from Gunnison Bay flowing into the north basin of Gilbert Bay. Short-term flow reversal events measured at the railroad causeway breach have the ability to move measurable amounts of salt and Hg from Gunnison Bay into the DBL. Future disturbance to the steady state conditions currently imposed by the railroad causeway infrastructure could result in changes to the existing chemical balance between Gunnison and Gilbert Bays. Monitoring instruments were installed at six additional sites in the DBL during October 2012 to assess impacts from any future modifications to the railroad causeway.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10498-014-9237-8","usgsCitation":"Naftz, D.L., Carling, G.T., Angeroth, C., Freeman, M., Rowland, R., and Pazmino, E., 2014, Density-stratified flow events in Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA: implications for mercury and salinity cycling: Aquatic Geochemistry, v. 20, no. 6, p. 547-571, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-014-9237-8.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"547","endPage":"571","ipdsId":"IP-042028","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291724,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291721,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10498-014-9237-8"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.9012,40.6237 ], [ -112.9012,41.299 ], [ -111.8002,41.299 ], [ -111.8002,40.6237 ], [ -112.9012,40.6237 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"20","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e1e1b3e4b0fe532be24a70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naftz, David L. 0000-0003-1130-6892 dlnaftz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-6892","contributorId":1041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"David","email":"dlnaftz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carling, Gregory T.","contributorId":11964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carling","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angeroth, Cory","contributorId":75070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeroth","given":"Cory","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman, Michael","contributorId":51222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rowland, Ryan","contributorId":43685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pazmino, Eddy","contributorId":62531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pazmino","given":"Eddy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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