{"pageNumber":"1370","pageRowStart":"34225","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40893,"records":[{"id":70018298,"text":"70018298 - 1993 - Multiphase inclusions in plagioclase from anorthosites in the Stillwater Complex, Montana: implications for the origin of the anorthosites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:23","indexId":"70018298","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiphase inclusions in plagioclase from anorthosites in the Stillwater Complex, Montana: implications for the origin of the anorthosites","docAbstract":"Multiphase inclusions, consisting of clinopyroxene+ilmenite+apatite, occur within cumulus plagioclase grains from anorthosites in the Stillwater Complex, Montana, and in other rocks from the Middle Banded series of the intrusion. The textures and constant modal mineralogy of the inclusions indicate that they were incorporated in the plagioclase as liquid droplets that later crystallized rather than as solid aggregates. Their unusual assemblage, including a distinctive manganiferous ilmenite and the presence of baddeleyite (ZrO2), indicates formation from an unusual liquid. A process involving silicater liquid immiscibility is proposed, whereby small globules of a liquid enriched in Mg, Fe, Ca, Ti, P, REE, Zr and Mn exsolved from the main liquid that gave rise to the anorthosites, became trapped in the plagioclase, and later crystallized to form the inclusions. The immiscibility could have occurred locally within compositional boundaries around crystallizing plagioclase grains or it could have occurred pervasively throughout the liquid. It is proposed that the two immiscible liquids were analogous, n terms of their melt structures, to immiscible liquid pairs reported in the literature both in experiments and in natural basalts. For the previously reported pairs, immiscibility is between a highly polymerized liquid, typically granitic in composition, and a depolymerized liquid, typically ferrobasaltic in composition. In the case of the anorthosites, the depolymerized liquid is represented by the inclusions, and the other liquid was a highly polymerized aluminosilicate melt with a high normative plagioclase content from which the bulk of the anorthosites crystallized. Crystallization of the anorthosites from this highly polymerized liquid accounts for various distinctive textural and chemical features of the anorthosites compared to other rocks in the Stillwater Complex. A lack of correlation between P contents and chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) ratios of plagioclase separates indicates that the amount of apatite in the inclusions is too low to affect the REE signature of the plagioclase separates. Nevertheless, workers should use caution when attempting REE modelling studies of cumulates having low REE contents, because apatite-bearing inclusions can potentially cause problems. ?? 1993 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00307866","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Loferski, P., and Arculus, R., 1993, Multiphase inclusions in plagioclase from anorthosites in the Stillwater Complex, Montana: implications for the origin of the anorthosites: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 114, no. 1, p. 63-78, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00307866.","startPage":"63","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205903,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307866"},{"id":227374,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a605ae4b0c8380cd713bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loferski, P. J.","contributorId":12841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loferski","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arculus, R.J.","contributorId":35482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arculus","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70197268,"text":"70197268 - 1993 - The nature of mineral deposits and the development and use of deposit models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-24T13:32:32","indexId":"70197268","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The nature of mineral deposits and the development and use of deposit models","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Mineral Development Sourcebook","language":"English","publisher":"Forum for International Development","publisherLocation":"Golden, CO","usgsCitation":"Singer, D.A., and Cox, D.P., 1993, The nature of mineral deposits and the development and use of deposit models, chap. <i>of</i> International Mineral Development Sourcebook, p. 39-42.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"42","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354469,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b15a2e7e4b092d9651e22ad","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McDivitt, J. F.","contributorId":205209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDivitt","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736477,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Singer, Donald A. dsinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Donald","email":"dsinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":736475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cox, Dennis P. dcox@usgs.gov","contributorId":2766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Dennis","email":"dcox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":736476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70017491,"text":"70017491 - 1993 - The analysis of forms of sulfur in ancient sediments and sedimentary rocks: comments and cautions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-20T18:47:59","indexId":"70017491","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The analysis of forms of sulfur in ancient sediments and sedimentary rocks: comments and cautions","docAbstract":"Assumptions commonly made during analysis of the amount of monosulfides [acid-volatile sulfides (AVS)] and disulfides in modern sediments, may not be valid for ancient sedimentary rocks. It is known that ferric iron can oxidize H2S during AVS analysis unless a reducing agent such as stannous chloride is added to the treatment. In addition, some monosulfides such as greigite and pyrrhotite require heat during the AVS analysis in order to dissolve completely. However, the use of heat and/or stannous chloride in the AVS treatment may partially dissolve disulfides and it is generally recommended that stannous chloride not be used in the AVS treatment for modern sediments. Most of the monosulfides are assumed to be recovered as AVS without the addition of stannous chloride. This study investigates the recovery of monosulfides during sulfur speciation analysis with application to ancient sedimentary rocks. Sulfur in samples containing naturally occurring greigite and mackinawite or pyrite was measured using variations of a common sulfur-speciation scheme. The sulfur-speciation scheme analyzes for monosulfide sulfur, disulfide sulfur, elemental sulfur, inorganic sulfate and organically bound sulfur. The effects of heat, stannous chloride and ferric iron on the amounts of acid-volatile sulfide and disulfide recovered during treatment for AVS were investigated. Isotopic compositions of the recovered sulfur species along with yields from an extended sulfur-speciation scheme were used to quantify the effects. Hot 6 N HCl AVS treatment recovers > 60% of the monosulfides as AVS in samples containing pure greigite and mackinawite. The remaining monosulfide sulfur is recovered in a subsequent elemental sulfur extraction. Hot 6 N HCl plus stannous chloride recovers 100% of the monosulfides as AVS. The addition of ferric iron to pure greigite and mackinawite samples during AVS treatment without stannous chloride decreased the amount of monosulfides recovered as AVS and, if present in great enough concentration, oxidized some of the AVS to a form not recovered in later treatments. The hot stannous chloride AVS treatments dissolve <5% of well-crystallized pyrite in this study. The amount of pyrite dissolved depends on grain size and crystallinity. Greigite in ancient sedimentary rocks was quantitatively recovered as AVS only with hot 6 N HCl plus stannous chloride. Hot 6 N HCl AVS treatment of these rocks did not detect any monosulfides in most samples. A subsequent elemental sulfur extraction did not completely recover the oxidized monosulfides. Therefore, the use of stannous chloride plus heat is recommended in the AVS treatment of ancient sedimentary rocks if monosulfides are present and of interest. All assumptions about the amount of monosulfides and disulfides recovered with the sulfur-speciation scheme used should be verified by extended sulfur-speciation and/or isotopic analysis of the species recovered. ?? 1993.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(93)90103-P","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Rice, C.A., Tuttle, M.L., and Reynolds, R.L., 1993, The analysis of forms of sulfur in ancient sediments and sedimentary rocks: comments and cautions: Chemical Geology, v. 107, no. 1-2, p. 83-95, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(93)90103-P.","startPage":"83","endPage":"95","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266060,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(93)90103-P"},{"id":229023,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9bae4b08c986b32247f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, C. A.","contributorId":106116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tuttle, M. L.","contributorId":71992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reynolds, R. L. 0000-0002-4572-2942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":79885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"R.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":376641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017428,"text":"70017428 - 1993 - Alteration and geochemical zoning in Bodie Bluff, Bodie mining district, eastern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-16T00:28:28.394498","indexId":"70017428","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alteration and geochemical zoning in Bodie Bluff, Bodie mining district, eastern California","docAbstract":"<p>Banded, epithermal quartz-adularia veins have produced about 1.5 million ounces of gold and 7 million ounces of silver from the Bodie mining district, eastern California. The veins cut dacitic lava flows, pyroclastic rocks and intrusions. Sinter boulders occur in a graben structure at the top of Bodie Bluff and fragments of sinter and mineralized quartz veins occur in hydrothermal breccias nearby. Explosive venting evidently was part of the evolution of the ore-forming geothermal systems which, at one time, must had reached the paleosurface. Previous reconnaissance studies at Bodie Bluff suggested that the geometry of alteration mineral assemblages and distribution of some of the major and trace elements throughout the system correspond to those predicted by models of hot-spring, volcanic rock hosted precious metal deposits (Silberman, 1982; Silberman and Berger, 1985). The current study was undertaken to evaluate these sugestions further.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(93)90007-9","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Herrera, P., Closs, L., and Silberman, M., 1993, Alteration and geochemical zoning in Bodie Bluff, Bodie mining district, eastern California: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 48, no. 2, p. 259-275, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(93)90007-9.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"259","endPage":"275","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228751,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e976e4b0c8380cd482ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herrera, P.A.","contributorId":42377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrera","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Closs, L.G.","contributorId":14137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Closs","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Silberman, M.L.","contributorId":10013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silberman","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017370,"text":"70017370 - 1993 - Lead isotopic evidence for the origin of Paleo- and Mesoproterozoic rocks of the Colorado Province, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-25T15:55:56.631096","indexId":"70017370","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lead isotopic evidence for the origin of Paleo- and Mesoproterozoic rocks of the Colorado Province, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Lead isotopic ratios of K-feldspars and whole-rocks from 1.7- and 1.4-Ga plutonic rocks of the Colorado Province are relatively non-radiogenic for  207Pb 204Pb, plotting below the average crust model curve of Stacey and Kramers (1975), indicating that the terrane was derived primarily from juvenile, mantle material. Slightly more radiogenic ratios in the northern part of the terrane, near the Archean Wyoming Province, suggest minor inclusion of an older component. The data from 1.7-Ga plutons plot in a broad field suggesting two episodes of re-equilibration with whole-rock Pb, probably related to heating events in the Mesoproterozoic (1.4 Ga) and Cretaceous (70 Ma). Possible differences in calculated whole-rock Th U, coupled with slight Pb isotopic variations, along the north-south transect suggest either a terrane boundary through central Colorado (near Salida and Gunnison), or fundamental differences in source rocks (metasedimentary vs. metavolcanic). UPb analyses of multigrain splits of detrital zircons from quartzites throughout the Colorado Province have failed to identify Archean detritus. The oldest  207Pb 206Pb ages found (in two samples of quartzite from northern Colorado) are about 2.0 Ga (perhaps derived from rocks of the Trans-Hudson orogen), in contrast to 2.75-Ga detrital zircon in a Paleoproterozoic quartzite from the southern part of the Wyoming Province. While we are not yet able to discern if these ages are true provenance ages or mixtures of Archean and Paleoproterozoic components, the absence of easily recognizable Archean zircons supports other isotopic data and a conclusion that most of the Paleoproterozoic crust of the Colorado Province was ultimately derived from a juvenile (at 1.8 Ga) mantle reservoir. ?? 1993.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0301-9268(93)90007-O","issn":"03019268","usgsCitation":"Aleinikoff, J.N., Reed, J.C., and Wooden, J.L., 1993, Lead isotopic evidence for the origin of Paleo- and Mesoproterozoic rocks of the Colorado Province, U.S.A.: Precambrian Research, v. 63, no. 1-2, p. 97-122, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(93)90007-O.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224694,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a45c9e4b0c8380cd674c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aleinikoff, J. N. 0000-0003-3494-6841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":75132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, J. C. Jr.","contributorId":97063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017385,"text":"70017385 - 1993 - Geologic and geomorphic controls of coal development in some Tertiary Rocky Mountain basins, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-22T00:39:47.417812","indexId":"70017385","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic and geomorphic controls of coal development in some Tertiary Rocky Mountain basins, USA","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id3\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id4\"><p>Previous investigations have not well defined the controls on the development of minable coals in fluvial environments. This study was undertaken to provide a clearer understanding of these controls, particularly in of the lower Tertiary coal-bearing deposits of the Raton and Powder River basins in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States. In this region, large amounts of coals accumulated in swamps formed in the flow-through fluvial systems that infilled these intermontane basins. Extrabasinal and intrabasinal tectonism partly controlled the stratigraphic and facies distributions of minable coal deposits. The regional accumulation of coals was favored by the rapid basin subsidence coupled with minimal uplift of the source area. During these events, coals developed in swamps associated with anastomosed and meandering fluvial systems and alluvial fans. The extensive and high rate of sediment input from these fluvial systems promoted the formation of ombrotrophic, raised swamps, which produced low ash and anomalously thick coals. The petrology and palynology of these coals, and the paleobotany of the associated sediments, suggest that ombrotrophic, raised swamps were common in the Powder River Basin, where the climate during the early Tertiary was paratropical. The paleoecology of these swamps is identical to that of the modern ombrotrophic, raised swamps of the Baram and Mahakam Rivers of Borneo.</p></div></div></div></div><div id=\"preview-section-introduction\"><br></div><div id=\"preview-section-snippets\"><br></div><div id=\"preview-section-references\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0166-5162(93)90043-A","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Flores, R.M., 1993, Geologic and geomorphic controls of coal development in some Tertiary Rocky Mountain basins, USA: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 23, no. 1-4, p. 43-73, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(93)90043-A.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"73","numberOfPages":"31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228749,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a18e0e4b0c8380cd55830","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flores, R. M.","contributorId":106899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017345,"text":"70017345 - 1993 - Prediction of hydrocarbons in sedimentary basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:48","indexId":"70017345","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2700,"text":"Mathematical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prediction of hydrocarbons in sedimentary basins","docAbstract":"To estimate the undiscovered hydrocarbon potential of sedimentary basins, quantitative play assessments specific for each location in a region may be obtained using geostatistical methods combined with the theory of classification of geological objects, a methodology referred to as regionalization. The technique relies on process modeling and measured borehole data as well as probabilistic methods to exploit the relationship between geology (the \"predictor\") and known hydrocarbon productivity (the \"target\") to define prospective stratigraphic intervals within a basin. It is demonstrated in case studies from the oil-producing region of the western Kansas Pennsylvanian Shelf and the gas-bearing Rotliegend sediments of the Northeast German Basin. ?? 1993 International Association for Mathematical Geology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mathematical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00891051","issn":"08828121","usgsCitation":"Harff, J., Davis, J., and Eiserbeck, W., 1993, Prediction of hydrocarbons in sedimentary basins: Mathematical Geology, v. 25, no. 7, p. 925-936, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00891051.","startPage":"925","endPage":"936","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205580,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00891051"},{"id":224978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81efe4b0c8380cd7b7ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harff, J.E.","contributorId":82068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harff","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, J.C.","contributorId":72121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eiserbeck, W.","contributorId":80017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eiserbeck","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017456,"text":"70017456 - 1993 - Delayed Postglacial Uplift and Synglacial Sea Levels in Coastal Central New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:53","indexId":"70017456","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Delayed Postglacial Uplift and Synglacial Sea Levels in Coastal Central New England","docAbstract":"The postglacial uplift pattern indicated by elevations of ice-marginal glaciomarine deltas in coastal New England, deposited between approximately 15,000 and 14,000 yr B.P. during ice retreat from northeastern Massachusetts into southwestern Maine, is very similar to that previously recorded for glaciolacustrine deltas of similar age from inland areas of New England. Multiple regression analyses of elevations from both sets of deltas show an extremely close fit to tilted flat surfaces that rise 0.852 m/km to the N 28.5??W along the coast and 0.889 m/km to the N 20.5??W in western New England. The close similarity of uplift pattern in areas where elevation data are from different base-level media, along with additional shore-line evidence, indicates (1) that both areas are part of the same crustal postglacial uplift block, (2) that postglacial uplift was delayed until after 14,000 yr B.P., and (3) that little or no eustatic sea-level change occurred between 15,000 and 14,000 yr B.P., during which time the margin of the late Wisconsinan Laurentide ice sheet retreated about 100 km from Boston, Massachusetts, into southwestern Maine. Elevation data from even younger glaciomarine deltas in the coastal area indicate that soon after the ice margin reached southwestern Maine and adjacent New Hampshire (ca, 14,000 yr B.P.), eustatic sea level rose rapidly 7-10 m during the time that the ice margin retreated 5-10 km, which may have occurred during an interval of only 50-100 yr, Our new data not only confirm the delayed postglacial uplift model previously described for western New England, but also indicate that little or no eustatic sea-level change occurred during a substantial period of early deglaciation. However, at about 14,000 yr B.P., sea level rose rapidly. Postglacial uplift in the region apparently began between 14,000 and 13,300 yr B.P., before the retreating ice margin reached eastern Maine.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/qres.1993.1055","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Koteff, C., Robinson, Goldsmith, R., and Thompson, W., 1993, Delayed Postglacial Uplift and Synglacial Sea Levels in Coastal Central New England: Quaternary Research, v. 40, no. 1, p. 46-54, https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1055.","startPage":"46","endPage":"54","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206115,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1055"}],"volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe5de4b0c8380cd4ecce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koteff, C.","contributorId":67646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koteff","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, Jr. 0000-0002-9676-9564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9676-9564","contributorId":8479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":376521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldsmith, R.","contributorId":49809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldsmith","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, W.B.","contributorId":98326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70017453,"text":"70017453 - 1993 - Interface dissolution control of the 14C profile in marine sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-01T17:41:22.964314","indexId":"70017453","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Interface dissolution control of the <sup>14</sup>C profile in marine sediment","title":"Interface dissolution control of the 14C profile in marine sediment","docAbstract":"<p><span>The process of carbonate dissolution at the sediment-water interface has two possible endmember boundary conditions. Either the carbonate particles dissolve mostly before they are incorporated into the sediment by bioturbation (interface dissolution), or the vertical mixing is rapid relative to their extermination rate (homogeneous dissolution). In this study, a detailed radiocarbon profile was determined in deep equatorial Pacific sediment that receives a high rate of carbonate supply. In addition, a box model of sediment mixing was used to simulate radiocarbon, carbonate content and excess thorium profiles that result from either boundary process following a dissolution increase. Results from homogeneous dissolution imply a strong, very recent erosional event, while interface dissolution suggests that moderately increased dissolution began about 10,000 years ago. In order to achieve the observed mixed layer radiocarbon age, increased homogeneous dissolution would concentrate a greater amount of clay and&nbsp;</span><sup>230</sup><span>Th than is observed, while for interface dissolution the predicted concentrations are too small. These results together with small discontinuities beneath the mixed layer in&nbsp;</span><sup>230</sup><span>Th profiles suggest a two-stage increase in interface dissolution in the deep Pacific, the first occurring near the beginning of the Holocene and the second more recently, roughly 5000 years ago.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(93)90139-N","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Keir, R., and Michel, R.L., 1993, Interface dissolution control of the 14C profile in marine sediment: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 57, no. 15, p. 3563-3573, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(93)90139-N.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"3563","endPage":"3573","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228420,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cf8e4b0c8380cd631c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keir, R.S.","contributorId":28025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keir","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michel, R. L.","contributorId":86375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michel","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70017483,"text":"70017483 - 1993 - The role of acoustic emission in the study of rock fracture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-18T12:02:05","indexId":"70017483","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2071,"text":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of acoustic emission in the study of rock fracture","docAbstract":"The development of faults and shear fracture systems over a broad range of temperature and pressure and for a variety of rock types involves the growth and interaction of microcracks. Acoustic emission (AE), which is produced by rapid microcrack growth, is a ubiquitous phenomenon associated with brittle fracture and has provided a wealth of information regarding the failure process in rock. This paper reviews the successes and limitations of AE studies as applied to the fracture process in rock with emphasis on our ability to predict rock failure. Application of laboratory AE studies to larger scale problems related to the understanding of earthquake processes is also discussed. In this context, laboratory studies can be divided into the following categories. 1) Simple counting of the number of AE events prior to sample failure shows a correlation between AE rate and inelastic strain rate. Additional sorting of events by amplitude has shown that AE events obey the power law frequency-magnitude relation observed for earthquakes. These cumulative event count techniques are being used in conjunction with damage mechanics models to determine how damage accumulates during loading and to predict failure. 2) A second area of research involves the location of hypocenters of AE source events. This technique requires precise arrival time data of AE signals recorded over an array of sensors that are essentially a miniature seismic net. Analysis of the spatial and temporal variation of event hypocenters has improved our understanding of the progression of microcrack growth and clustering leading to rock failure. Recently, fracture nucleation and growth have been studied under conditions of quasi-static fault propagation by controlling stress to maintain constant AE rate. 3) A third area of study involves the analysis of full waveform data as recorded at receiver sites. One aspect of this research has been to determine fault plane solutions of AE source events from first motion data. These studies show that in addition to pure tensile and double couple events, a significant number of more complex event types occur in the period leading to fault nucleation. 4) P and S wave velocities (including spatial variations) and attenuation have been obtained by artificially generating acoustic pulses which are modified during passage through the sample. ?? 1993.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0148-9062(93)90041-B","issn":"01489062","usgsCitation":"Lockner, D., 1993, The role of acoustic emission in the study of rock fracture: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, v. 30, no. 7, p. 883-899, https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(93)90041-B.","startPage":"883","endPage":"899","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265934,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(93)90041-B"}],"volume":"30","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf4de4b08c986b3246cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lockner, D.","contributorId":102190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017738,"text":"70017738 - 1993 - Methane in permafrost - Preliminary results from coring at Fairbanks, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:54","indexId":"70017738","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Methane in permafrost - Preliminary results from coring at Fairbanks, Alaska","docAbstract":"Permafrost has been suggested as a high-latitude source of methane (a greenhouse gas) during global warming. To begin to assess the magnitude of this source, we have examined the methane content of permafrost in samples from shallow cores (maximum depth, 9.5m) at three sites in Fairbanks, Alaska, where discontinuous permafrost is common. These cores sampled frozen loess, peat, and water (ice) below the active layer. Methane contents of permafrost range from <0.001 to 22.2mg/kg of sample. The highest methane content of 22.2mg/kg was found in association with peat at one site. Silty loess had high methane contents at each site of 6.56, 4.24, and 0.152mg/kg, respectively. Carbon isotopic compositions of the methane (??13C) ranged from -70.8 to -103.9 ???, and hydrogen isotopic compositions of the methane (??D) from -213 to -313 ???, indicating that the methane is microbial in origin. The methane concentrations were used in a one dimensional heat conduction model to predict the amount of methane that will be released from permafrost worldwide over the next 100 years, given two climate change scenarios. Our results indicate that at least 30 years will elapse before melting permafrost releases important amounts of methane; a maximum methane release rate will be about 25 to 30 Tg/yr, assuming that methane is generally distributed in shallow permafrost as observed in our samples.","largerWorkTitle":"Chemosphere","language":"English","issn":"00456535","usgsCitation":"Kvenvolden, K., and Lorenson, T., 1993, Methane in permafrost - Preliminary results from coring at Fairbanks, Alaska, <i>in</i> Chemosphere, v. 26, no. 1-4, p. 609-616.","startPage":"609","endPage":"616","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228947,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a552fe4b0c8380cd6d162","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kvenvolden, K.A.","contributorId":80674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenson, T.D.","contributorId":7715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenson","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018386,"text":"70018386 - 1993 - Loma Prieta response of an eccentrically braced tall building","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:24","indexId":"70018386","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Loma Prieta response of an eccentrically braced tall building","docAbstract":"Acceleration response records obtained during the October 17, 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake [Ms = 7.1] from the 47-story, eccentrically braced Embarcadero Building (No. 4) [EMB], located in San Francisco, California, are studied. The predominant response modes of the building and the associated dynamic characteristics are determined by spectral analyses and system identification techniques. The first modal frequencies are at approximately 0.19 Hz (NS) and 0.16 Hz (EW). Discontinuity of stiffness and mass at the 40th floor causes excessive drift ratios for the floors above.","largerWorkTitle":"Structural Engineering in Natural Hazards Mitigation","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Structural Engineering in Natural Hazards Mitigation","conferenceDate":"19 April 1993 through 21 April 1993","conferenceLocation":"Irvine, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872629104","usgsCitation":"Çelebi, M., 1993, Loma Prieta response of an eccentrically braced tall building, <i>in</i> Structural Engineering in Natural Hazards Mitigation, Irvine, CA, USA, 19 April 1993 through 21 April 1993, p. 1545-1550.","startPage":"1545","endPage":"1550","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227295,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4957e4b0c8380cd68520","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Çelebi, M.","contributorId":36946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Çelebi","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017878,"text":"70017878 - 1993 - Bridge-scour analysis using the water surface profile (WSPRO) model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:55","indexId":"70017878","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Bridge-scour analysis using the water surface profile (WSPRO) model","docAbstract":"A program was developed to extract hydraulic information required for bridge-scour computations, from the Water-Surface Profile computation model (WSPRO). The program is written in compiled BASIC and is menu driven. Using only ground points, the program can compute average ground elevation, cross-sectional area below a specified datum, or create a Drawing Exchange Format (DXF) fie of cross section. Using both ground points ad hydraulic information form the equal-conveyance tubes computed by WSPRO, the program can compute hydraulic parameters at a user-specified station or in a user-specified subsection of the cross section. The program can identify the maximum velocity in a cross section and the velocity and depth at a user-specified station. The program also can identify the maximum velocity in the cross section and the average velocity, average depth, average ground elevation, width perpendicular to the flow, cross-sectional area of flow, and discharge in a subsection of the cross section. This program does not include any help or suggestions as to what data should be extracted; therefore, the used must understand the scour equations and associated variables to the able to extract the proper information from the WSPRO output.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings - National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"25 July 1993 through 30 July 1993","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872629201","usgsCitation":"Mueller, D.S., 1993, Bridge-scour analysis using the water surface profile (WSPRO) model, <i>in</i> Proceedings - National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, no. pt 2, San Francisco, CA, USA, 25 July 1993 through 30 July 1993, p. 1714-1719.","startPage":"1714","endPage":"1719","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228729,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"pt 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f27ae4b0c8380cd4b1cf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Shen Hsieh WenSu S.T.Wen Feng","contributorId":128306,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Shen Hsieh WenSu S.T.Wen Feng","id":536385,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, David S. dmueller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"David","email":"dmueller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":377821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017346,"text":"70017346 - 1993 - Relationship of geological and geothermal field properties: Midcontinent area, USA, an example","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:47","indexId":"70017346","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2700,"text":"Mathematical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationship of geological and geothermal field properties: Midcontinent area, USA, an example","docAbstract":"Quantitative approaches to data analysis in the last decade have become important in basin modeling and mineral-resource estimation. The interrelation of geological, geophysical, geochemical, and geohydrological variables is important in adjusting a model to a real-world situation. Revealing the interdependences of variables can contribute in understanding the processes interacting in sedimentary basins. It is reasonably simple to compare spatial data of the same type but more difficult if different properties are involved. Statistical techniques, such as cluster analysis or principal components analysis, or some algebraic approaches can be used to ascertain the relations of standardized spatial data. In this example, structural configuration on five different stratigraphic horizons, one total sediment thickness map, and four maps of geothermal data were copared. As expected, the structural maps are highly related because all had undergone about the same deformation with differing degrees of intensity. The temperature gradients derived (1) from shallow borehole logging measurements under equilibrium conditions with the surrounding rock, and (2) from non-equilibrium bottom-hole temperatures (BHT) from deeper depths are mainly independent of each other. This was expected and confirmed also for the two temperature maps at 1000 ft which were constructed using both types of gradient values. Thus, it is evident that the use of a 2-point (BHT and surface temperature) straightline calculation of a mean temperature gradient gives different information about the geothermal regime than using gradients from temperatures logged under equilibrium conditions. Nevertheless, it is useful to determine to what a degree the larger dataset of nonequilibrium temperatures could reflect quantitative relationships to geologic conditions. Comparing all maps of geothermal information vs. the structural and the sediment thickness maps, it was determined that all correlations are moderately negative or slightly positive. These results are clearly shown by the cluster analysis and the principal components. Considering a close relationship between temperature and thermal conductivity of the sediments as observed for most of the Midcontinent area and relatively homogeneous heat-flow density conditions for the study area these results support the following assumptions: (1) undifferentiated geothermal gradients, computed from temperatures of different depth intervals and differing sediment properties, cannot contribute to an improved understanding of the temperature structure and its controls within the sedimentary cover, and (2) the quantitative approach of revealing such relations needs refined datasets of temperature information valid for the different depth levels or stratigraphic units. ?? 1993 International Association for Mathematical Geology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mathematical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00891052","issn":"08828121","usgsCitation":"Forster, A., Merriam, D.F., and Brower, J., 1993, Relationship of geological and geothermal field properties: Midcontinent area, USA, an example: Mathematical Geology, v. 25, no. 7, p. 937-947, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00891052.","startPage":"937","endPage":"947","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205590,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00891052"},{"id":225019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a76ee4b0e8fec6cdc468","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forster, A.","contributorId":14580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forster","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merriam, D. F.","contributorId":63175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merriam","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brower, J.C.","contributorId":37081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brower","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017338,"text":"70017338 - 1993 - Structural analysis of sheath folds in the Sylacauga Marble Group, Talladega slate belt, southern Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-10T00:07:26.239242","indexId":"70017338","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2468,"text":"Journal of Structural Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural analysis of sheath folds in the Sylacauga Marble Group, Talladega slate belt, southern Appalachians","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id3\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id4\"><p>Remnant blocks of marble from the Moretti-Harrah dimension-stone quarry provide excellent exposure of meter-scale sheath folds. Tubular structures with elliptical cross-sections (4 ≤<i>R</i><sub><i>yz</i></sub><span>&nbsp;</span>≤ 5) are the most common expression of the folds. The tubes are elongate subparallel to stretching lineation and are defined by centimeter-scale layers of schist. Eccentrically nested elliptical patterns and opposing asymmetry of folds (‘S’ and ‘Z’) are consistent with the sheath-fold interpretation. Sheath folds are locally numerous in the Moretti-Harrah quarry but are not widely distributed in the Sylacauga Marble Group; reconnaissance in neighboring quarries provided no additional observations.</p><p>The presence of sheath folds in part of the Talladega slate belt indicates a local history of plastic, non-coaxial deformation. Such a history of deformation is substantiated by petrographic study of an extracted hinge from the Moretti-Harrah quarry. The sheath folds are modeled as due to passive amplification of initial structures during simple shear, using both analytic geometry and graphic simulation. As indicated by these models, relatively large shear strains (<i>y</i><span>&nbsp;</span>≥ 9) and longitudinal initial structures are required. The shear strain presumably relates to NW-directed displacement of overlying crystalline rocks during late Paleozoic orogeny.</p></div></div></div></div><div id=\"preview-section-introduction\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0191-8141(93)90171-6","issn":"01918141","usgsCitation":"Mies, J., 1993, Structural analysis of sheath folds in the Sylacauga Marble Group, Talladega slate belt, southern Appalachians: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 15, no. 8, p. 983-993, https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(93)90171-6.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"983","endPage":"993","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224836,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9bc0e4b08c986b31d07a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mies, J.W.","contributorId":16585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mies","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017727,"text":"70017727 - 1993 - Effects of climatic variations over 11 years on nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in the Raccoon River, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-06T06:30:21","indexId":"70017727","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of climatic variations over 11 years on nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in the Raccoon River, Iowa","docAbstract":"Nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) concentrations at public water supply intakes on the Des Moines and Raccoon Rivers in Iowa exceeded the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 mg L-1 for public water supplies established by the USEPA for extended periods of time from March through early August 1990. The excessive NO3-N levels followed 2 yr of less-than normal precipitation in 1988 and 1989. The largest daily NO3-N load (771 t) transported during the last 17 yr in the Raccoon River occurred in June 1990. The streamflow hydrograph for the Raccoon River for March 1990 prior to seasonal fertilizer application indicates that high NO3-N concentrations characterize the recession side of the hydrograph. High NO3-N concentrations in streamflow persisted as streamflow decreased to baseflow conditions. This implies that substantial quantities of NO3-N were being leached from the soil and transported by subsurface flow during early 1990. A multiple linear-regression model was developed to predict NO3-N concentrations in the Raccoon River from readily-obtainable streamflow and climatic data. The four-variable model explained about 70% of the variability in the concentration of NO3-N. The mean streamflow for the previous 7-d period accounted for about 50% of the total variability.","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq1993.00472425002200010005x","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Lucey, K., and Goolsby, D.A., 1993, Effects of climatic variations over 11 years on nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in the Raccoon River, Iowa: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 22, no. 1, p. 38-46, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1993.00472425002200010005x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"46","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Raccoon River","volume":"22","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06b2e4b0c8380cd5139a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucey, K.J.","contributorId":70002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucey","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70017865,"text":"70017865 - 1993 - An engineering rock classification to evaluate seismic rock-fall susceptibility and its application to the Wasatch Front","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-03T00:29:18.596741","indexId":"70017865","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1115,"text":"Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An engineering rock classification to evaluate seismic rock-fall susceptibility and its application to the Wasatch Front","docAbstract":"<p>Investigations of earthquakes world wide show that rock falls are the most abundant type of landslide that is triggered by earthquakes. An engineering classification originally used in tunnel design, known as the rock mass quality designation (Q), was modified for use in rating the susceptibility of rock slopes to seismically-induced failure. Analysis of rock-fall concentrations and Q-values for the 1980 earthquake sequence near Mammoth Lakes, California, defines a well-constrained upper bound that shows the number of rock falls per site decreases rapidly with increasing Q. Because of the similarities of lithology and slope between the Eastern Sierra Nevada Range near Mammoth Lakes and the Wasatch Front near Salt Lake City, Utah, the probabilities derived from analysis of the Mammoth Lakes region were used to predict rock-fall probabilities for rock slopes near Salt Lake City in response to a magnitude 6.0 earthquake. These predicted probabilities were then used to generalize zones of rock-fall susceptibility.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Engineering Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gseegeosci.xxx.3.293","usgsCitation":"Harp, E.L., and Noble, M., 1993, An engineering rock classification to evaluate seismic rock-fall susceptibility and its application to the Wasatch Front: Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists, v. 30, no. 3, p. 293-319, https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.xxx.3.293.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"319","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228537,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea3ae4b0c8380cd48707","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harp, E. L.","contributorId":59026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harp","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noble, M.A.","contributorId":93513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018399,"text":"70018399 - 1993 - Gas buildup in Lake Nyos, Cameroon: The recharge process and its consequences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-14T12:22:37.076498","indexId":"70018399","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas buildup in Lake Nyos, Cameroon: The recharge process and its consequences","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-gulliver text-s\"><div id=\"ab1\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id11\"><p>The gases dissolved in Lake Nyos, Cameroon, were quantified recently (December 1989 and September 1990) by two independent techniques:<span>&nbsp;</span><i>in-situ</i><span>&nbsp;</span>measurements using a newly designed probe and laboratory analyses of samples collected in pre-evacuated stainless steel cylinders. The highest concentrations of CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and CH<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>were 0.30 mol/kg and 1.7 mmol/kg, respectively, measured in cylinders collected 1 m above lake bottom. Probe measurements of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>in-situ</i><span>&nbsp;</span>gas pressure at three different stations showed that horizontal variations in total dissolved gas were negligible. Total dissolved-gas pressure near the lake bottom is 1.06 MPa (10.5 atm), 50% as high as the hydrostatic pressure of 2.1 MPa (21 atm). Comparing the CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>profile constructed from the 1990 data to one obtained in May 1987 shows that CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations have increased at depths to below 150 m. Based on these profiles, the average rate of CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>input to bottom waters was 2.6 × 10<sup>8</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>mol/a. Increased deep-water temperatures require an average heat flow of 0.32 MW into the hypolimnion over the same time period. The transport rates of CO<sub>2</sub>, heat, and major ions into the hypolimnion suggest that a low-temperature reservoir of free CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>exists a short distance below lake bottom and that convective cycling of lake water through the sediments is involved in transporting the CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>into the lake from the underlying diatreme. Increased CH<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations at all depths below the oxycline and a high<sup>14</sup>C content (41% modern) in the CH<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>4 m above lake bottom show that much of the CH<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>is biologically produced within the lake. The CH<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>production rate may vary with time, but if the CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>recharge rate remains constant, CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>saturation of the entire hypolimnion below 50 m depth would require ∼140a, given present-day concentrations.</p></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0883-2927(93)90036-G","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Evans, W.C., Kling, G., Tuttle, M.L., Tanyileke, G., and White, L.D., 1993, Gas buildup in Lake Nyos, Cameroon: The recharge process and its consequences: Applied Geochemistry, v. 8, no. 3, p. 207-221, https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-2927(93)90036-G.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"221","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480335,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/30812>","text":"External Repository"},{"id":227510,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Cameroon","otherGeospatial":"Lake Nyos","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              10.28576250671452,\n              6.448942928703474\n            ],\n            [\n              10.28576250671452,\n              6.423707894002149\n            ],\n            [\n              10.31218713674616,\n              6.423707894002149\n            ],\n            [\n              10.31218713674616,\n              6.448942928703474\n            ],\n            [\n              10.28576250671452,\n              6.448942928703474\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14c1e4b0c8380cd54b52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, William C.","contributorId":104903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kling, G.W.","contributorId":22368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kling","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tuttle, M. L.","contributorId":71992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tanyileke, G.","contributorId":35882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanyileke","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"White, L. D.","contributorId":14330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70017839,"text":"70017839 - 1993 - Influences of Relative Sea-Level Rise and Mississippi River Delta Plain Evolution on the Holocene Middle Amite River, Southeastern Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:55","indexId":"70017839","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influences of Relative Sea-Level Rise and Mississippi River Delta Plain Evolution on the Holocene Middle Amite River, Southeastern Louisiana","docAbstract":"The Holocene geomorphic history of southeastern Louisiana's middle Amite River is recorded in the stratigraphy of three alloformations, identified in decreasing age as the Watson (WAT), Denham Springs (DS), and Magnolia Bridge (MAG). The WAT meander belt formed by at least 9000 yr B.P., when sea level was lower and the Amite River was tributary to a larger ancestral drainage basin. The DS became an active meander belt by at least 3000 yr B.P., in response to relative sea-level rise and eastward progradation of the Mississippi River delta plain. The MAG developed its meander belt, in part, during the European settlement of the drainage basin, and is now attempting to adjust to modern anthropogenic influences. Geomorphic influences on the middle Amite River floodplain have temporal and spatial components that induce regional- and local-scale effects. Regional extrinsic influences caused meander belt avulsion that produced alloformations. However, local influences produced intrinsic geomorphic thresholds that modified channel morphology within a meander belt but did not induce alloformation development. Base-level influences of the relative sea-level rise and the Mississippi River delta plain were so dominant that the effects of possible climate change were not recognized in the Holocene Amite River system.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/qres.1993.1008","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Autin, W., 1993, Influences of Relative Sea-Level Rise and Mississippi River Delta Plain Evolution on the Holocene Middle Amite River, Southeastern Louisiana: Quaternary Research, v. 39, no. 1, p. 68-74, https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1008.","startPage":"68","endPage":"74","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206159,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1008"},{"id":228866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b9ae4b0c8380cd626bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Autin, W.J.","contributorId":7436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Autin","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70176501,"text":"70176501 - 1993 - The Scotts Mills, Oregon earthquake on March 25, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-19T13:52:34","indexId":"70176501","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Scotts Mills, Oregon earthquake on March 25, 1993","docAbstract":"<p>At 5:34 a.m. on March 25, 1993, much of northwestern Oregon and southwestern Washington was shaken by one if the largest historic earthquakes ever observed in the region. The Richter magnitude 5.6 earthquake occurred near the small town of Scotts Mills, 48 km south of Portland, Oregon. The March 25 earthquake was felt over a large part of the Pacific Northwest extending from Seattle, Washington, in the north to the town of Roseburg in southern Oregon. Due in large part to the moderate size of the event and its location in a rural setting, only minor injuries occurred, principally from falling objects and broken glass.</p>","language":"English","publisher":" U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Wong, I., Hemphill-Haley, M., and Salah-Mars-Woodward-Clyde, S., 1993, The Scotts Mills, Oregon earthquake on March 25, 1993: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 24, no. 2, p. 86-92.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"86","endPage":"92","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":328724,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Scotts Mills","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n           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,{"id":95364,"text":"95364 - 1993 - Hematological and serological assays to determine fish health","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:53","indexId":"95364","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Hematological and serological assays to determine fish health","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Modulators of Fish Immune Responses: Volume 1, Models for Environmental Toxicology, Biomarkers, Immunostimulators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"SOS Publications","publisherLocation":"Fair Haven, NJ","collaboration":"93-114/FH","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D.P., and Siwicki, A., 1993, Hematological and serological assays to determine fish health, <i>in</i> Modulators of Fish Immune Responses: Volume 1, Models for Environmental Toxicology, Biomarkers, Immunostimulators.","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127248,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635d2d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stolen, J.S.","contributorId":113802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolen","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505564,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fletcher, T.C.","contributorId":95392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505560,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, D. P.","contributorId":32469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505558,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zelikoff, J.T.","contributorId":111536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelikoff","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505561,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Twerdok, L.E.","contributorId":112269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twerdok","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505562,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kaattari, S.L.","contributorId":52116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaattari","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505559,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bayne, C.C.","contributorId":112544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayne","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505563,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":7}],"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, D. P.","contributorId":32469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siwicki, A.K.","contributorId":71115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siwicki","given":"A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70017737,"text":"70017737 - 1993 - Simulation of changes in storm-runoff characteristics, Perris Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:53","indexId":"70017737","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Simulation of changes in storm-runoff characteristics, Perris Valley, California","docAbstract":"The population of Perris Valley, California, has increased from about 20,000 in 1970 to more than 130,000 in 1992. Increased urbanization in Perris Valley since 1970 has produced appreciable changes in storm-runoff characteristics. Additional impervious area has resulted in increased storm-runoff volumes and peak discharges. Few studies have documented the effect of urbanization on runoff characteristics in the Perris Valley area. A study of runoff characteristics under the current level of development in Perris Valley was begun in 1989 to determine how recent urbanization changed runoff characteristics from 1970-75, a period for which rainfall and runoff data are available. This paper briefly describes the methods being used in a study to determine the effects of urbanization in Perris Valley and presents a few results of that study. Rainfall and runoff data collected in a previous study (1970-75) were used to calibrate a rainfall-runoff model. This model will be used to simulate the runoff in Perris Valley during the early development of the basin. Rainfall and runoff data currently (1990-93) being collected in Perris Valley will be used to calibrate and verify a rainfall-runoff model simulating the current runoff conditions. Two simulations of a long-term time series of runoff will be done using the rainfall-runoff models and historical rainfall. A duration analysis of the simulated runoff will be used to compare the storm-runoff characteristics of the two urban conditions.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Engineering Hydrology","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Engineering Hydrology","conferenceDate":"25 July 1993 through 30 July 1993","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"087262921X","usgsCitation":"Guay, J.R., 1993, Simulation of changes in storm-runoff characteristics, Perris Valley, California, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Symposium on Engineering Hydrology, San Francisco, CA, USA, 25 July 1993 through 30 July 1993, p. 983-988.","startPage":"983","endPage":"988","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9016e4b08c986b3192f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guay, Joel R.","contributorId":22403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guay","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017813,"text":"70017813 - 1993 - Dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction by the marine microorganism Desulfuromonas acetoxidans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-20T15:44:40.698052","indexId":"70017813","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction by the marine microorganism <i>Desulfuromonas acetoxidans</i>","title":"Dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction by the marine microorganism Desulfuromonas acetoxidans","docAbstract":"<p><span>The ability of the marine microorganism&nbsp;</span><i>Desulfuromonas acetoxidans</i><span>&nbsp;to reduce Fe(III) was investigated because of its close phylogenetic relationship with the freshwater dissimilatory Fe(III) reducer&nbsp;</span><i>Geobacter metallireducens.</i><span>&nbsp;Washed cell suspensions of the type strain of&nbsp;</span><i>D. acetoxidans</i><span>&nbsp;reduced soluble Fe(III)-citrate and Fe(III) complexed with nitriloacetic acid. The&nbsp;</span><i>c</i><span>-type cytochrome(s) of&nbsp;</span><i>D. acetoxidans</i><span>&nbsp;was oxidized by Fe(III)-citrate and Mn(IV)-oxalate, as well as by two electron acceptors known to support growth, colloidal sulfur and malate.&nbsp;</span><i>D. acetoxidans</i><span>&nbsp;grew in defined anoxic, bicarbonate-buffered medium with acetate as the sole electron donor and poorly crystalline Fe(III) or Mn(IV) as the sole electron acceptor. Magnetite (Fe</span><sub>3</sub><span>O</span><sub>4</sub><span>) and siderite (FeCO</span><sub>3</sub><span>) were the major end products of Fe(III) reduction, whereas rhodochrosite (MnCO</span><sub>3</sub><span>) was the end product of Mn(IV) reduction. Ethanol, propanol, pyruvate, and butanol also served as electron donors for Fe(III) reduction. In contrast to&nbsp;</span><i>D. acetoxidans, G. metallireducens</i><span>&nbsp;could only grow in freshwater medium and it did not conserve energy to support growth from colloidal S</span><sup>0</sup><span>&nbsp;reduction.&nbsp;</span><i>D. acetoxidans</i><span>&nbsp;is the first marine microorganism shown to conserve energy to support growth by coupling the complete oxidation of organic compounds to the reduction of Fe(III) or Mn(IV). Thus,&nbsp;</span><i>D. acetoxidans</i><span>&nbsp;provides a model enzymatic mechanism for Fe(III) or Mn(IV) oxidation of organic compounds in marine and estuarine sediments. These findings demonstrate that 16S rRNA phylogenetic analyses can suggest previously unrecognized metabolic capabilities of microorganisms.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.59.3.734-742.1993","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Roden, E.E., and Lovley, D.R., 1993, Dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction by the marine microorganism Desulfuromonas acetoxidans: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 59, no. 3, p. 734-742, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.59.3.734-742.1993.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"734","endPage":"742","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479530,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.59.3.734-742.1993","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":228532,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0229e4b0c8380cd4fef8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roden, E. E.","contributorId":48334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roden","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovley, Derek R.","contributorId":107852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovley","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70017791,"text":"70017791 - 1993 - Long-term radon concentrations estimated from 210Po embedded in glass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:54","indexId":"70017791","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1884,"text":"Health Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term radon concentrations estimated from 210Po embedded in glass","docAbstract":"Measured surface-alpha activity on glass exposed in radon chambers and houses has a linear correlation to the integrated radon exposure. Experimental results in chambers and houses have been obtained on glass exposed to radon concentrations between 100 Bq m-3 and 9 MBq m-3 for periods of a few days to several years. Theoretical calculations support the experimental results through a model that predicts the fractions of airborne activity that deposit and become embedded or adsorbed. The combination of measured activity and calculated embedded fraction for a given deposition environment can be applied to most indoor areas and produces a better estimate for lifetime radon exposure than estimates based on short-term indoor radon measurements.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Health Physics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00179078","usgsCitation":"Lively, R., and Steck, D., 1993, Long-term radon concentrations estimated from 210Po embedded in glass: Health Physics, v. 64, no. 5, p. 485-490.","startPage":"485","endPage":"490","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49a7e4b0c8380cd687a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lively, R.S.","contributorId":70927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lively","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steck, D.J.","contributorId":10943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steck","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1000565,"text":"1000565 - 1993 - Sustainability of hatchery-dependent salmonine fisheries in Lake Ontario: The conflict between predator demand and predator supply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-22T12:09:36","indexId":"1000565","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sustainability of hatchery-dependent salmonine fisheries in Lake Ontario: The conflict between predator demand and predator supply","docAbstract":"<p><span>The offshore fish community of Lake Ontario is presently dominated by intensively managed, nonnative species: Alewife&nbsp;</span><i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i><span>&nbsp;and rainbow smelt&nbsp;</span><i>Osmerus mordax</i><span>&nbsp;at the planktivore level and stocked salmonines at the piscivore level. Salmonine stocking rates per unit area of Lake Ontario are the highest in the Great Lakes, and fishery managers are concerned about the sustainability of the fishery under present stocking policies, particularly with the recent collapse of the Lake Michigan fishery for chinook salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>. In this paper, we describe and present the results of a simulation model that integrates predator demand estimates derived from bioenergetics, prey and predator population dynamics, and a predation model based on the multiple-species functional response, Model reconstructions of historical alewife biomass trends and salmonine diets corresponded reasonably well with existing data for the period 1978&ndash;1992. The simulations suggest that current predator demand does not exceed the threshold beyond which alewife biomass cannot be sustained, but they indicate that the sustainability of the prey fish community is extremely sensitive to fluctuations in overwinter survival of alewife; an additional mortality of 25% in a single winter would be sufficient to cause the collapse of the alewife population. The model includes a number of assumptions and simplifications with a limited empirical basis; better estimates of salmonine survival rates, an evaluation of the importance of spatial and temporal interactions among predators and prey, and incorporation of the effects of recently observed declines in system productivity at lower trophic levels would significantly increase confidence in the model's projections.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1993)122<1002:SOHDSF>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Jones, M., Koonce, J.F., and O’Gorman, R., 1993, Sustainability of hatchery-dependent salmonine fisheries in Lake Ontario: The conflict between predator demand and predator supply: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 122, no. 5, p. 1002-1018, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1993)122<1002:SOHDSF>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1002","endPage":"1018","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687fec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":7219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":308783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koonce, Joseph F.","contributorId":106069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koonce","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Gorman, Robert rogorman@usgs.gov","contributorId":3451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Gorman","given":"Robert","email":"rogorman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":308782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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